Diana Valencia
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Planets Transiting Non-Eclipsing Binaries
A&A 570, A91 (2014) Astronomy DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/201323112 & c ESO 2014 Astrophysics Planets transiting non-eclipsing binaries David V. Martin1 and Amaury H. M. J. Triaud2;? 1 Observatoire Astronomique de l’Université de Genève, Chemin des Maillettes 51, CH-1290 Sauverny, Switzerland e-mail: [email protected] 2 Kavli Institute for Astrophysics & Space Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA Received 22 November 2013 / Accepted 28 August 2014 ABSTRACT The majority of binary stars do not eclipse. Current searches for transiting circumbinary planets concentrate on eclipsing binaries, and are therefore restricted to a small fraction of potential hosts. We investigate the concept of finding planets transiting non-eclipsing binaries, whose geometry would require mutually inclined planes. Using an N-body code we explore how the number and sequence of transits vary as functions of observing time and orbital parameters. The concept is then generalised thanks to a suite of simulated circumbinary systems. Binaries are constructed from radial-velocity surveys of the solar neighbourhood. They are then populated with orbiting gas giants, drawn from a range of distributions. The binary population is shown to be compatible with the Kepler eclipsing binary catalogue, indicating that the properties of binaries may be as universal as the initial mass function. These synthetic systems produce transiting circumbinary planets occurring on both eclipsing and non-eclipsing binaries. Simulated planets transiting eclipsing binaries are compared with published Kepler detections. We find 1) that planets transiting non-eclipsing binaries are probably present in the Kepler data; 2) that observational biases alone cannot account for the observed over-density of circumbinary planets near the stability limit, which implies a physical pile-up; and 3) that the distributions of gas giants orbiting single and binary stars are likely different. -
Diana Valencia
Diana Valencia Sagan NASA Postdoctoral Fellow [email protected] Dept. of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Science Phone: 617.253.4850 Massachusetts Institute of Technology www.oca.eu/valencia 77 Massachusetts Avenue, !Cambridge, MA 02139 RESEARCH INTERESTS Structure and evolution of low mass exoplanets: super-Earths and mini-Neptunes, rocky and icy/ocean planets and satellites; habitability; early evolution; tectonics; equations of state. EDUCATION Ph.D., Harvard University, Department of Earth & Planetary Sciences, 2008 M.A., University of Toronto, Physics Department, 2002 B. A. Sc., University of Toronto, Physics Specialist Program, 2001 POSITIONS 12.2010 – Sagan NASA Postdoctoral Fellow, Massachusetts Institute of Techonolgy 10.2008 – 11.2010 Henri Poincare Postdoctoral Fellow, Observatoire de la Cote d’Azur, Nice, France 06.2008 – 10.2008 Origins of Life Postdoctoral Fellow, Department of Earth & Planetary Sciences, Harvard University 2002 – 2008 Origins of Life Graduate Fellow, Researcher/Teaching Fellow Department of Earth & Planetary Sciences, Harvard University HONORS & AWARDS Sagan NASA Postdoctoral Fellowship, 2010–2012 Henri Poincare Postdoctoral Fellowship, Observatoire de la Cote d’Azur, 2008–2010 Origins of Life Graduate Fellowship, Harvard University, 2006–2008 Nature Research Highlights, Feb 2007 GSAS Merit Fellowship Award, Harvard University, 2006 Stickney Fellowship, Harvard University, 2005 Dean's List at the University of Toronto 2001 Don Salt Award given by the Canadian Exploration Geophysics Society, 2001 Canadian Society of Exploration Geophysics Award, 2000 NSERC Undergraduate Research Student award, 1999 ACADEMIC SERVICE & OUTREACH Chair and convenor of ‘super-Earth’ session, AGU fall meeting 2008 (first exoplanet session at AGU) Reviewer for Icarus, Astrophysical Journal, Astrobiology, Earth and Planetary Science Letters Lead organizer of the Planetary Journal Club at Harvard University, 2007–2008 Science and technology adviser to Colombian presidential candidate Dr. -
Principium and Keep an Eye on the Interstellar Societies Tend to Encourage
RINCIPIUM PThe Newsletter of the Institute for Interstellar Studies ™ Letter from the Director News from the Institute ‘Advances’ Cubesats Retrospective: Daedalus Book Reviews R IN O T F E R E S T T U E T I L T L S A N R I S ™ TUDIES Scientia ad sidera www.I4IS.org Knowledge to the Stars A letter from Kelvin F. Long Dear friends, I am proud to have been the originator of this organisation and I am deeply We live in exciting times. In recent years honoured that many others have shared in many planets have been detected orbiting that vision and are actively assisting with around other stars. This is helping us to its foundation. My colleagues and I will realise that there are places to go, as work to make the Institute a success in the predicted in the many works of science coming years. This excellent newsletter fiction over the last century. In addition, represents our first publications outreach we are now witnessing the emergence of activity, other than the Institute blog the commercial space sector and space page. In time we hope this newsletter will tourism. This gives us hope and optimism serve as an exciting information source for that despite the challenges we face down the community. I want to personally thank here on Earth, better times lay ahead for Keith Cooper for taking on this role of our space-aspiring society. A key Editor and Adrian Mann for assisting with component of this is learning how to work the editorial graphics and production. -
Twin Cities Creation Science Association
In the Beginning The Gauntlet is Thrown Down - Introduction Breaking Down the Equation . N = R* fp ne fl fi fc L Summary of Criticisms Conclusion Hand Outs Master Script Hand Out Life Outside Planet Earth 1961 How does the Drake Equation show that there is life on other planets in our Galaxy, or does it? N = the Number of civilizations in our galaxy with which radio- communication might be possible R* = the average Rate of star formation in our galaxy fp = the fraction of those stars that have planets ne = the average number of planets that can potentially support life per star that has planets (subscript e for ecoshell or earthlike) fl = the fraction of planets that could support life that actually develop life at some point fi = the fraction of planets with life that actually go on to develop intelligent life (in the form of civilizations) fc = the fraction of civilizations that develop a technology that releases detectable signs of their existence into space L = the Length of time for which such civilizations release detectable signals into space The Drake Equation . N = R* fp ne fl fi fc L Help! Can I exist? . N = R* fp ne fl fi fc L N is the number of detectable civilizations in our galaxy by a radio signal. Introduction Radio astronomer Frank Drake became the first person to start a systematic search for intelligent signals from the cosmos. Using the 25 meter dish of the National Radio Astronomy Observatory in Green Bank, West Virginia. Drake hosted a "search for extraterrestrial intelligence" (SETI) meeting on detecting their radio signals. -
Chemical Diversity of Super-Earths As a Consequence of Formation
MNRAS 000,1{16 (2019) Preprint 24 February 2020 Compiled using MNRAS LATEX style file v3.0 Chemical Diversity of Super-Earths As a Consequence of Formation Jennifer Scora,1? Diana Valencia,2 Alessandro Morbidelli3 and Seth Jacobson4 1Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada 2Centre for Planetary Sciences, University of Toronto, 1265 Military Trail, Toronto, ON, M1C 1A4, Canada 3Laboratoire Lagrange, Universit´eC^ote d'Azur, Observatoire de la C^ote d'Azur, CNRS, Blvd de l'Observatoire, CS 34229, 06304 Nice Cedex 4, France 4Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA Accepted XXX. Received YYY; in original form ZZZ ABSTRACT Recent observations of rocky super-Earths have revealed an apparent wider distribu- tion of Fe/Mg ratios, or core to mantle ratios, than the planets in our Solar System. This study aims to understand how much of the chemical diversity in the super-Earth population can arise from giant impacts during planetary formation. Planet forma- tion simulations have only recently begun to treat collisions more realistically in an attempt to replicate the planets in our Solar System. We investigate planet formation more generally by simulating the formation of rocky super-Earths with varying initial conditions using a version of SyMBA, a gravitational N-body code, that incorporates realistic collisions. We track the maximum plausible change in composition after each impact. The final planets span a range of Fe/Mg ratios similar to the Solar System planets, but do not completely match the distribution in super-Earth data. -
Scientific and Societal Benefits of Interstellar Exploration
See discussions, stats, and author profiles for this publication at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/275652484 Scientific and Societal Benefits of Interstellar Exploration Chapter · September 2014 CITATION READS 1 29 1 author: Ian A Crawford Birkbeck, University of Lon… 328 PUBLICATIONS 2,410 CITATIONS SEE PROFILE Available from: Ian A Crawford Retrieved on: 03 June 2016 Beyond the Boundary Chapter1 Scientific and Societal Benefits of Interstellar Exploration Ian A Crawford he growing realisation that planets are common companions of stars [1–2] has reinvigorated astronautical studies of how they might be explored using Tinterstellar space probes (for reviews see references [3-7], and also other chap- ters in this book). The history of Solar System exploration to-date shows us that spacecraft are required for the detailed study of planets, and it seems clear that we will eventually require spacecraft to make in situ studies of other planetary systems as well. The desirability of such direct investigation will become even more apparent if future astronomical observations should reveal spectral evidence for life on an apparently Earth-like planet orbiting a nearby star. Definitive proof of the existence of such life, and studies of its underlying biochemistry, cellular structure, ecological diversity and evolutionary history will require in situ inves- tigations to be made [8]. This will require the transportation of sophisticated scientific instruments across interstellar space. Moreover, in addition to the scientific reasons for engaging in a programme of interstellar exploration, there also exist powerful societal and cultural motivations. Most important will be the stimulus to art, literature and philosophy, and the general enrichment of our world view, which inevitably results from expanding the horizons of human experience [9,10]. -
W065 Benneke Exoplanet Instrumentation.Pdf
White Paper ID Number W065 Title of White Paper Exoplanet instrumentation in the 2020s: Canada’s pathway towards searching for life on potentially Earth-like exoplanets ID of Associated Expression of E068 Interest Topic Area of White Paper new facilities, experiments and missions Executive Summary of White Paper (5000 character limit) The next decade presents a unique moment in the history of planetary astronomy. For the rst time, we have the technologies at hand to discover and characterize a wide range of exoplanetary systems, possibly harboring true Earth analogues. The opportunity is no less than answering humanity’s millennia old questions of “Are we alone?” and “How did we get here?”. The best part: Canada can play a leading role in this historic endeavor, if we make deliberate strategic investments over the next decade. In this white paper, we lay out pathways to develop the necessary instrumentation in collaboration with national and international partners to address the most fundamental questions regarding the formation of planets, the diversity of planetary systems, and the frequency of life in the universe. We recommend critical investments in a portfolio of assets including high-dispersion coronagraphy instrumentation for the upcoming ground based 30-meter class telescopes, a strong (JWST-scale) Canadian involvement in the next generation space missions LUVOIR or HabEx, and support for small and large space missions led by Canada. Importantly, while the science case of searching for biomarkers on rocky exoplanets presents the most stringent design requirements, the proposed instrumentation will also be ideal for the characterization of giant exoplanets, sub-Neptunes, and super-Earths and address a wide range of science questions in the coming decade. -
Characterizing Kepler Objects of Interest Using the Algorithm EXONEST
University at Albany, State University of New York Scholars Archive Physics Honors College 5-2016 Characterizing Kepler Objects of Interest Using the Algorithm EXONEST Bertrand Carado University at Albany, State University of New York Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarsarchive.library.albany.edu/honorscollege_physics Part of the Physics Commons Recommended Citation Carado, Bertrand, "Characterizing Kepler Objects of Interest Using the Algorithm EXONEST" (2016). Physics. 6. https://scholarsarchive.library.albany.edu/honorscollege_physics/6 This Honors Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Honors College at Scholars Archive. It has been accepted for inclusion in Physics by an authorized administrator of Scholars Archive. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Characterizing Kepler Objects of Interest Using the Algorithm EXONEST An honors thesis presented to the Department of Physics, University at Albany, State University Of New York in partial fulfillment of the requirements for graduation with Honors in Physics and graduation from The Honors College. Bertrand Carado Research Advisor: Kevin H. Knuth, Ph.D. April, 2016 1 The experience was truly visceral - shivers would run up and down my spine every time I pointed the telescope at a patch of stars. Eventually the feeling went away, but I still remember it. As I looked at the darkness between the stars, I felt as I could fall into it. Like a fear of heights in reverse. Like an upside-down vertigo. Dimitar Sasselov Even with an early bedtime, in winter you could sometimes see the stars. I would look at them, twinkling and remote, and wonder what they were. -
13180 (Stsci Edit Number: 6, Created: Tuesday, June 11, 2013 1:08:33 AM EST) - Overview
Proposal 13180 (STScI Edit Number: 6, Created: Tuesday, June 11, 2013 1:08:33 AM EST) - Overview 13180 - Search for a Transit of Alpha Centauri Bb, the First Earth-mass Exoplanet Orbiting a Sun-like Star Cycle: 20, Proposal Category: GO/DD (Availability Mode: AVAILABLE) INVESTIGATORS Name Institution E-Mail Dr. David Ehrenreich (PI) (ESA Member) (Cont Observatoire de Geneve [email protected] act) Dr. Brice-Olivier Demory (CoI) (AdminUSPI) Massachusetts Institute of Technology [email protected] Dr. Sara Seager (CoI) Massachusetts Institute of Technology [email protected] Dr. Ronald L. Gilliland (CoI) Space Telescope Science Institute [email protected] Mr. Bjoern Benneke (CoI) Massachusetts Institute of Technology [email protected] Prof. William Chaplin (CoI) (ESA Member) University of Birmingham [email protected] Mr. Xavier Dumusque (CoI) (ESA Member) Observatoire de Geneve [email protected] Dr. Christophe Lovis (CoI) (ESA Member) Observatoire de Geneve [email protected] Dr. Francesco Pepe (CoI) (ESA Member) Observatoire de Geneve [email protected] Dr. Didier Queloz (CoI) (ESA Member) Observatoire de Geneve [email protected] Dr. Damien Segransan (CoI) (ESA Member) Observatoire de Geneve [email protected] Dr. Amaury Triaud (CoI) Massachusetts Institute of Technology [email protected] Dr. Stephane Udry (CoI) (ESA Member) Observatoire de Geneve [email protected] Dr. Michael Gillon (CoI) (ESA Member) Universite de Liege [email protected] VISITS 1 Proposal 13180 (STScI Edit Number: -
V 27 No 1 March 2013
II RR PP SS BULLETIN Newsletter of the International Radiation Physics Society Vol 27 No 1 March, 2013 One is constantly amazed at the exotic applications and breadth of physical insight that continues to spring from “old fashioned” x-ray spectroscopy. The choice of the cover art for this issue was inspired by a recent report in Nature* on the first determination of the spin rate of a supermassive black hole; and it is 84% as fast as Einstein's theory of gravity will allow. This required combining measurements from two x-ray spectroscopic space observatories, NASA's Nuclear Spectroscopic Telescope Array (NuSTAR) and the European Space Agency's XMM-Newton, in this instance both focused upon a galaxy-centered black hole (NGC1365) that has a mass 2 million times that of our sun and is 56 million light years distant. This required assessing both the higher energy continuum portion of spectra (10 keV to 30 keV from NuSTAR) as well as the broadened x-ray emission lines from neutral and partially ionized iron (XMM-Newton), interpreted as fluorescence produced by the reflection of hard X-rays (from the relativistic jet) off the inner edge of an accretion disk. The line broadening occurs from Doppler broadening, gravitational red shifting, and “blue shifting” from partially ionized Fe. *A rapidly spinning supermassive black hole at the centre of NGC1365, G. Risaliti et al., Nature 494 (2013) pp. 449-451. IRPS COUNCIL 2012 - 2015 President : Ladislav Musilek (Czech Republic) Vice Presidents : EDITORIAL BOARD Africa and Middle East : M.A. Gomaa (Egypt) Editors Western Europe : J. -
© in This Web Service Cambridge University
Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-06885-8 - The New Cosmos: Answering Astronomy’s Big Questions David J. Eicher Index More information Index 1992QB1,11 Alpha Centauri B, 115 2010 TK7,92 Alpha Centauri Bb, 115 2060 Chiron, 89 Alpha Centauri C, 115 2MASS Survey, 135 Alpha-Proxima Centauri, 15, 115 3753 Cruithne, 92 Alpha Regio, 81 3C 48, 206 Alpher, Ralph, 146 3C 273, 206–207 aluminum, 53, 85 47 Tucanae, 125, 165 Alvarez, Luis, 44 51 Pegasi, 11, 104, 106, 113 Alvarez, Walter, 44 55 Cancri e, 108, 112 Amazonis Planitia, 71 61 Cygni, 162 American Astronomical Society, ix 70 Ophiuchi, 103 Ames Research Center, 44 amino acids, 36, 227 aa (lava), 84 ammonia, 35, 99, 232 accelerating universe, 191, 215 amphibians, 228 accretion disk, 207 amphibole, 85 Acheron, 94 Anaxagoras, 49 Acrux, 164 Andromeda Galaxy, 5, 12, 128, 132, 136–137, active galactic nuclei, 208 140, 165, 172, 208 adaptation, 35 Andromeda I, 135 Africa, 46, 83, 134 Andromeda II, 135 age of the universe, 13 angular momentum, 51, 53, 137, 179 AGN, 208 anisotropies, 193 Aino Planitia, 83 Annual Review of Astronomy and albedo, 98 Astrophysics,39 albedo features, 97 anorthosite, 57 Aldebaran, 163 Antarctica, 35 Alfonso X of Castile, v Antares, 164 ALH 84001, 35 antimatter, 45, 153 Allen Telescope Array, 237 antimuons, 152, 179 Alpha and Proxima Centauri, 160 antiparticles, 153 Alpha Centauri, 18, 162, 164 anti-tau particles, 179 Alpha Centauri A, 115 “An Unbound Universe,” 188 264 © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-06885-8 - The New Cosmos: Answering Astronomy’s Big Questions David J. -
Alpha Centauri System and Meteorites Origin
Journal of Applied Mathematics and Physics, 2018, 6, 2370-2381 http://www.scirp.org/journal/jamp ISSN Online: 2327-4379 ISSN Print: 2327-4352 Alpha Centauri System and Meteorites Origin Gustavo V. López1, Juan A. Nieto2,3 1Departamento de Fsica, CUCEI, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, México 2Facultad de Ciencias Fsico-Matemáticas de la Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Culiacán, México 3Facultad de Ciencias de la Tierra y el Espacio de la Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Culiacán, México How to cite this paper: López, G.V. and Abstract Nieto, J.A. (2018) Alpha Centauri System and Meteorites Origin. Journal of Applied We propose a mathematical model for determining the probability of mete- Mathematics and Physics, 6, 2370-2381. orite origin, impacting the earth. Our method is based on axioms similar to https://doi.org/10.4236/jamp.2018.611199 both the complex networks and emergent gravity. As a consequence, we are Received: October 22, 2018 able to derive a link between complex networks and Newton’s gravity law, Accepted: November 23, 2018 and as a possible application of our model we discuss several aspects of the Published: November 26, 2018 Bacubirito meteorite. In particular, we analyze the possibility that the origin of this meteorite may be alpha Centauri system. Moreover, we find that in Copyright © 2018 by authors and Scientific Research Publishing Inc. order for the Bacubirito meteorite to come from alpha Cen and be injected This work is licensed under the Creative into our Solar System, its velocity must be reduced one order of magnitude of Commons Attribution International its ejected scape velocity from alpha Cen.