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Bioregionalism Bioregionalism Bioregionalism has emerged as the new framework to study the complex relationships between human communities, government institutions and the natural world, and through which to plan and implement environmental policy. Bioregionalists believe that as members of distinct communities, human beings cannot avoid interacting with and being affected by their specific location, place and bioregion: despite modern technology, we are not insulated from nature. Bioregionalism is the first book to explain the theoretical and practical dimensions of bioregionalism from an interdisciplinary standpoint, focusing on the place of bioregional identity within global politics. Leading contributors from a broad range of disciplines introduce bioregionalism as a framework for thinking about indigenous peoples, local knowledge, globalization, science, global environmental issues, modern society, conservation, history, education and restoration. Bioregionalism’s emphasis on place and community radically changes the way we confront human and ecological issues. This book offers invaluable understanding and insights for students, activists, theorists, educators and professionals interested in ecological and bioregional topics. Michael Vincent McGinnis is Acting Director and Postdoctoral Researcher at the Ocean and Coastal Policy Center, University of California, Santa Barbara. Bioregionalism Edited by Michael Vincent McGinnis London and New York First published 1999 by Routledge 11 New Fetter Lane, London EC4P 4EE This edition published in the Taylor & Francis e-Library, 2005. “To purchase your own copy of this or any of Taylor & Francis or Routledge’s collection of thousands of eBooks please go to www.eBookstore.tandf.co.uk.” Simultaneously published in the USA and Canada by Routledge 29 West 35th Street, New York, NY 10001 © 1999 Michael Vincent McGinnis All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilised in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers. British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library Library of Congress Cataloguing in Publication Data Bioregionalism/edited by Michael Vincent McGinnis, p. cm Includes Index. 1. Bioregionalism. 2. Environmental policy. I McGinnis, Michael Vincent, 1962– GE43.B56 1998 98–20210 363.7–dc21 CIP ISBN 0-203-98476-5 Master e-book ISBN ISBN 0-415-15444-8 (hbk) ISBN 0-415-15445-6 (pbk) For Christina, my strawberry girl, and the Santa Ynez watershed Contents List of illustrations vii Notes on contributors viii Acknowledgments xi Foreword xii DANIEL KEMMIS 1 A rehearsal to bioregionalism 1 MICHAEL VINCENT MCGINNIS PART I Home place 11 2 Interpreting bioregionalism: A story from many 13 voices DOUG ABERLEY 3 Place: Thinking about bioregional history 43 DAN FLORES 4 Boundary creatures and bounded spaces 61 MICHAEL VINCENT MCGINNIS 5 Bioregional possibilities in Vermont 81 CHRISTOPHER MCGRORY KLYZA PART II Place, region and globalism 99 6 Bioregionalism, civil society and global 101 environmental governance RONNIE D.LIPSCHUTZ 7 Toward a cosmopolitan bioregionalism 121 MITCHELL THOMASHOW 8 Climate-change policy from a bioregional 133 perspective: Reconciling spatial scale with human and ecological impact DAVID L.FELDMAN AND CATHERINE A.WILT vi PART III Local knowledge and modern science 155 9 Combining science and place-based knowledge: 157 Pragmatic and visionary approaches to bioregional understanding BRUCE EVAN GOLDSTEIN 10 Addressing the conservation conundrum in 171 Mesoamerica: A bioregional case study THOMAS T.ANKERSEN PART IV Toward a bioregional future 189 11 The role of education and ideology in the transition 191 from a modern to a more bioregionally-oriented culture CHET A.BOWERS 12 Bioregional restoration: Re-establishing an ecology 205 of shared identity MICHAEL VINCENT MCGINNIS, FREEMAN HOUSE AND WILLIAM JORDAN III Index 223 Illustrations Tables 2.1 Events in the story of bioregionalism 16 2.2 North American Bioregional Congress (NABC) Committee 29 Structure (1984–90) 2.3 Events in the story of bioregionalism 30 8.1 Roles and responsibilities for managing global climate-change related 148 environmental issues at various governing scales 12.1 A comparison of restoration paths 212 Figures 4.1 A sorry state of affairs 59 4.2 The social construction of nature as a machine 65 4.3 Boundary redefinition problems 70 10.1 Conceptual representation of potential landscape linkages in Central 172 America 10.2 Proposed institutional framework for the El Pilar Archeological 184 Reserve for Maya Flora and Fauna Contributors Doug Aberley, M.A., is an activist, community and regional planner who teaches bioregional planning at the University of British Columbia in Canada. He is editor of Boundaries of Home: Mapping for Local Empowerment (1993), Futures by Design: The Practice of Ecological Planning (1994), and Giving the Land a Voice: Mapping Our Home Places (1995). He is a member of the Canadian Institute of Planners. Tom T.Ankersen, J.D., is Staff Attorney, Center for Government Responsibility, Visiting Assistant in Law and Affiliate Faculty, Center for Latin American Studies at the University of Florida. He is coordinator of the Mesoamerican Environmental Law Program, a three-year program of applied research, training, education and advocacy in environmental law and policy. Chet A.Bowers, Ed.D., is Professor of the Department of Curriculum and Instruction, School of Education at Portland State University in Oregon. His most recent books include: Education, Cultural Myths and the Ecological Crisis (1993), Critical Essays on Education, Modernity and the Recovery of the Ecological Imperative (1993) and Educating for an Ecologically Sustainable Culture: Rethinking Moral Education, Creativity, Intelligence and Other Modern Orthodoxies (1995). David L.Feldman, Ph.D., is Senior Research Associate with the Energy, Environment and Resources Center at the University of Tennessee, Knoxville. He is author of Global Climate Change and Public Policy (1994), Water Resources Management: In Search of an Environmental Ethic (1991, 1995) and The Energy Crisis: Unresolved Issues and Enduring) Legacies (1996), and coauthor with Curlee et al. of Waste-to-Energy in the United States (1994). He is symposium coordinator for Policy Studies Journal. Dan Flores, Ph.D., is H.B.Hammond Professor of Western History at the University of Montana, Missoula. He is author of Canyon Visions: Photographs and, Pastels of the Texas Plains (1989), Caprock Canyonlands: Journeys into the Heart of the Southern Plains (with E.R.Bolen; 1990), The Mississippi Kite: Portrait of a Southern Hawk (1993), and editor of Jefferson and Southwestern Exploration: The Freeman and Curtis Accounts of the Red River Expedition of 1806 (1984) and Journal of an Indian Trader: Anthony Glass and the Texas Trading Frontier, 1790-1810(1985). ix Bruce Evan Goldstein, M.S., is a doctoral candidate in the Department of City and Regional Planning at the University of California, Berkeley, where he is examining the use of science in regional biodiversity planning. He received his M.S. in Forest Science from the Yale School of Forestry and Environmental Studies, and has worked at the Worldwatch Institute and World Resources Institute where he assisted with the preparation of the WRI/IUCN/UNEP Global Biodiversity Strategy. He has published a number of essays on a wide range of environmental issues. Freeman House is an author, bioregional activist and restorationist with the Mattole Restoration Council, and is author of the forthcoming Totem Salmon by Beacon Press. William Jordan III, Ph.D., is publications editor at the University of Wisconsin Arboretum in Madison. He is founder and editor of the journal Restoration and Management Notes, and was a founding member of the Society for Ecological Restoration. He is currently spearheading the development of the New Academy for Ecological Restoration, a school without walls to train leaders for community-based ecological restoration work. He is coeditor (with Gilpin and Aber) of Restoration Ecology: A Synthetic Approach to Ecological Research (1987) and is completing a book entitled The Sunflower Forest: Ecological Restoration and the New Communion with Nature. Daniel Kemmis is the Director of the Center for the Rocky Mountain West at the University of Montana. A former Speaker of the Montana House of Representatives and Mayor of Missoula, Montana, he is the author of Community and the Politics of Place (1990) and The Good City and the Good Life (1995). Christopher McGrory Klyza, Ph.D., is Associate Professor of Political Science and Director of the Program in Environmental Studies at Middlebury College in Vermont. He has published a number of essays on environmental concerns, and is coeditor with Trombulak of The Future of the Northern Forest (1994), author of Who Controls Public Land? (1996), and coauthor with Trombulak of Defining Vermont: A Natural and Cultural History (1998). He is cofounder and board member of The Watershed Center, a group working for sustainable human and natural communities in the Lewis Creek, Litte Otter Creek and New Haven River watersheds. Ronnie D.Lipschutz, Ph.D., is Associate Professor of Politics at the University of California, Santa Cruz. He is author of Radioactive Waste: Politics, Technology and Risk (1980),
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