BTiJ.J~LETIN

JULY

THE CALVERT ASSOCIATES By GeorgeN. Shuster FOUR GUIDING PRINCIPLES OF LIFE By Rev. John A. Ryan, D.D. THE CHURCH, PUBLIC OPINION AND INDUSTRY By Rev. Francis J. Haas, Ph.D. THE PAN-AMERICAN CONFERENCE AT. HONOLULU By Wm. F. Montavon PROGRESS IN CHILD HEALTH IN CATHOLIC SCHOOLS By Mary E. Spencer INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS OF CATHOLIC YOUNG MEN By Rev. Edward F. Garesche, S.J. I· ADDITIONAL F ' TURES Bishops Boyle, McDevitt, Howard, O'Dea and Welch address N. C. C. W. Meetings in Pittsburgh, Seattle, Omaha and Duluth-Mexico and the Federal Council oj Churches-No C. W. C.'s Me­ morial Day Tribute to American Overseas Dead-Subnormal Child Dom.inant Theme oj San Francisco Convention-Program oj Detroit Meeting, Catholic Conjerence on Industrial Problems -Report of Fijth Annual Commencement, National Catholic School of Social Service-An Accomplishment oj the Detroit League oj Catholic WQmen-Program of Los Angeles Meeting, National Conference oj Catholic Charities-List oj Catholic Summer Schools in 1927-In the Field oj Labor and Industry-N. C. C. M. Executive Secretary's Page-Program oj Lansing Meet- ing of Catholic Rural Life Conference . CATHOLIC INSTITUTIONS OF HIGHER EDUCATION: XLIX. Spring Hill College, Spring Hill, Ala.; and L. St. Scholastica's College, Duluth, Minn.

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Published Monthly by the NATIONAL CATHOLIC WELFARE CONFERENCE 1312 Massachusetts Avenue N.W• . Washington, D. C. , 2 N. C. W. C. BULLETIN July, 1927

A Word With Our Readers

Four Guiding Principles of Life Suggested in a Baccalaureate Sermon delivered at the Catholic University of America" June 12, 1927} by Very Rev. John A. Ryan, D.D. "THE SUPREME RULE OF CONDUCT is to strive to know N. C. W. c. the best that i~ to be know? and to love the best that is to be loved. The hIghest that IS knowable and loveable is God; BULLETIN next in importance come those creatures that He has made in His own image and likeness. In the terms of the Catechism, our primary end is to know, love and serve God. Fidelity to the tenets and practices of our religion and unwearied perseverance in the Published Monthly by the endeavor to keep God's commandments are indispensable if we NATIONAL CATHOLIC WELFARE would utilize the good in our age and withstand the evil, and obtain what little measure of happiness is possible in an existence which an all-wise Providence CONFERENCE designed to be a time of preparation. not a final end. Entered as second-class matter October 6, 1921, at the post office at Washington, D. C., "THE SECOND RULE that I would recommend is that of work, hard under the Act of March 3, 1879. Accepted for work, unremitting work. Without it, not even the most brilliant genius mailing at special rate of postage provided for accomplishes anything worth while. Unfortunately distaste for work is not in section 1103, Act of October 3, 1917, author­ the least of the evils encouraged in the young by the false standards of our ized October ~,1921. Subscription Price: One time. Probably, not more than 10 per cent of you graduates have eXKnded as dollar per year in adyance; outside the United much as 90 per cent of your maximum energy upon your college tasks. All the States, $1.25 per year. more imperative is it that you should wholeheartedly accept the gospel of work · from the outset of your careers.

N. C. w. C. Administrative Committee "THE THIRD RULE is that of simple living. Socrates thanked the gods because they had given him but few wants. Today, as in the days of the MOST REV. EDWARD ]. HANNA, D.D. great Greek thinker, man's genuine wants are few. He needs food, clothing, Archbishop of San Francisco and shelter sufficient for health, decency and elementary comfort; he does not need costliness nor elaborateness nor wastefulness in the satisfaction of these Chairman wants. Many a man postpones or avoids marriage or sinfully evades family MOST REV. AUSTIN DOWLING, D.D. responsibilities because he cannot afford an expensive domestic establishment in Archbishop of St. Paul an exclusive neighborhood. The man who has sufficient moral courage to disre­ gard the false and artificial standards of the world as regards his dwelling and Chairma1~ Department of Education its location and who can find an equally rational and clear-sighted partner in RT. REV. THOMAS F. LILLIS, D.D. marriage, will inevitably adopt reasonable standards in the matters of food, clothing, social intercourse, and amusements; and this couple will lead vastly Bishop of Kansas City happier and more useful lives than those who become slaves to material wants Chairman Department of Social Action and to conventions. RT. REV. JOSEPH SCHREMBS, D.D. "FINALLY, I MENTION THE RULE of noblesse oblige. From society Bishop of Cleveland and from your parents you have received educational and other advantages which are denied to the majority. If you do not sincerely endeavor to repay this Chain,.an Department of Lay debt, you will be little better than parasites. You will enroll yourselves in that Orga1~.jzations ignoble and contemptible band who are willing to get something for nothing. RT. REV. EDMUND F. GIBBONS, D.D. "THE OPPORTUNITIES of genuine service are limitless. Despite our Bishop of Albany great advances in material wealth, there are still millions of men women and children in this America of ours who habitually lack the element~ry com­ Chairma7~ Legal Department forts of li~e and elementary security for the future. Whether this condition RT. REV. P 'HILIP R. McDEVITT, D.D. be due to bad laws, or unjust practices or ignorance, it is a challenge to all Bishop of Harrisburg high-souled men who have capacity for thought and leadership. Despite our great advances in the field of education, there are still millions of young per­ Chairman Department of Publicity, Press sons who do not obtain an elementary measure of schooling. Despite our long aHd Literature experience with self-government. our political life exhibits an amount of cyni­ cism, mediocrity, selfishness and corruption which makes the heart sick. REV. JOHN J. BU1tKE, C.S.P. "I N THIS DAY and country, religion stands in greater need of capacities such General Secretary as yours than in any other time or place. In no other land can intelligence, social influence and capable leadership do so much to make the Catholic Church understood and respected by those without and more. prOUdly cherished by those within. Whithersoever your eyes may turn, they WIll find golden opportunities CHARLES A. McMAHON, Editor for distinguished service to your fellow men, your country and your God. Office of Publication "MAY THE INFINITE SOURCE of light and power give you the vision 1312 Massachusetts Avenue to see and the energy to grasp these opportunities, the moral strength to pass by the glittering shams of which the age is full and the Christian fortitude Washington, D. C. to pursue always the ideals of truth, justice and love!" July) 1927 N. C. W. C. BULLETIN 3

AROUND THE CONFERENCE TABLE "Corne nO'lu,·that we may ta.ke counsel together."-2 Esdras, Chapter VI:7.

needs which only the generous and prompt For the benefit of Catholics who assume HE DEATH OF RIGHT REVEREND charity of our Catholic people can care for. that the Constitution protects all natural T DANIEL M. GORMAN, Bishop of With the scores of churches, chapels and rights from encroachment by Congress or Boise, Idaho, on June 9, is the fourth to schools and other properties ruined, the by the States, Dr. Ryan states: occur in the ranks of the Catholic bishops, priests and people in the "This is a complete misconception. What the Death of American Hierarchy thus Mississippi flood section face a most dis­ Constitution protects is certain forms of liberty, Bishop Gorman far this year-Archbishop tressing situation. It is one which should certain immunities from arbitrary interference, cer­ appeal to the charity of their more fortunate tain property rights. It does not pretend to safe­ Canevin of Pittsburgh, guard all natural rights, much less to prohibit Bishop Russell of Charleston, and Bishop co-religionists elsewhere throughout the statutory infringements of the moral law. In gen­ O'Connor of Newark having passed away United States. Donations should be sent eral, Catholics are too prone to trust to the Su­ preme Court for protection of their rights and since January 1, 1927. directly to the bishops whose names are interests instead of actively defending these in Bishop Gorman's career as priest and listed above. le-gislative bodies before the obnoxious proposals have been enacted into laws. If the decision in bishop was one of extraordinary service and * * * * the Virginia sterilization case has the effect of sacrifice. Education and the missions were N ANOTHER PAGE is announced a dissipating this excessive trust in the Court and causes for which he labored with unceasing O new N. C. W. C. pamphlet entitled arousing Catholics to the necessity of actively "Human S terilization," by Rev. John A. opposing such dangerous measures as sterildzation zeal. Before his elevation to the Hierarchy, before they have taken shape in statutes, it will he served for fourteen years as president of Ryan,. D.D., professor of prove to that extent a blessing." St. Joseph's College, now Columbia College, Human moral theology at the at Dubuque, Iowa. He was consecrated Sterilization Catholic University of It is to be hoped that Dr. Ryan's pamphlet Bishop of Boise May 1, 1918, having re': America and director of on "Human Sterilization" will have a wide­ ceived the previous year the honor of Pro­ the N. C. W. C. Social Action Department. spread circulation. tonotary Apostolic from Pope Benedict Dr. Ryan's treatise was evoked by the * * * * XV. The many needs of the missionary recent decision of the Supreme Court of I N THIS ISSUE we publish the fiftieth diocese of Boise received his untiring atten­ the United States sustaining a Virginia law installment in the CathQlic Instit1ttions of tion as bishop and a splendid development providing under certain conditions for the Higher Ed1tcation Series, begun in the Feb­ of all diocesan institutions took place during compulsory sterilization of mental defectives. ruary, 1925, number of. th(' his administration. Archbishop Howard of The Court held that the Virginia statute Catholic BULLETIN. Oregon City officiated at the pontifical was not prohibited by the Constitution. Higher This series of articles, requiem Mass celebrated for the late bishop Dr. Ryan points out that laws providing Education the purpose of which is to at St. John's Cathedral, Boise City. for the operation known as "human steriliza­ inform Catholic parents of May he rest in peace. tion" are of recent origin and, so far as the wonderful opportunities for professional known, do not exist 0 ,tside the United education furnished by American Catholic States. While the ChurcJ las made no of­ universities and colleges, has attracted wide­ * * * * ficial pronouncement upon the morality of spread attention, and numerous requests for JOINT APPEAL for aid in behalf of the process, the opinions of leading moral the completed series in book form have A the flood-stricken parishes in the State theologians hold that the operation is never already been received at N. C. W. C. Head­ of Louisiana has been issued through the lawful unless it is performed as a necessary quarters. N. C. W. C. News Service means of preserving life and health and that The histories of these Catholic institutions Appeal of by Archbishop Shaw of it may not be imposed by public authority of learning are as remarkable as they are Louisiana New Orleans, Bishop Van for the purpose of preventing the existence insptrll1g. In every instance their establish­ Bishops de Ven of Alexandria, and of defective persons. These authorities ment, development and present high status Bishop J eanmard of La­ further hold that only when the welfare of have been due to the courage, self-sacrifice fayette. The appeal states that, due to the society is actually imperilled by an increase and energy of the men and women of the slow recession of the waters in the flooded in mental deficiency that cannot be controlled various religious communities to whose areas, staple crops such as cotton, grain and by ordinary means, has public authority a heroism and devotion the successful promo­ cane cannot be planted generally this year. right to resort to sterilization of the unfit tion of Catholic education in this country "Our prostrate people," says Bishop J ean­ as a measure of self-defense. owes such a debt of gratitude. According mard, author of the appeal, "will be able to No less than 23 of our States have sterili­ to the Directory of Catholic Colleges and do little towards their rehabilitation and zation statutes of some description, many of Schools there are today in the United States their maintenance for the next two years; them going further than the recently con­ 153 universities and colleges-74 for men hence, I have joined Archbishop Shaw of tested Virginia law. In other States, "model and 79 for women-a result which proves New Orleans and Bishop Van de Ven of legislation" is being advocated by eugenics how g'reatly the Church and her leaders Alexandria in asking the various dioceses of cranks who do not properly consider the in the United States are concerned in higher the country to come to our aid." far-reaching social and moral effects of such education. The BULLETIN series will be con­ Notwithstanding official governmental aid measures or the ' natural and legal rights tinued, as we are convinced that no more and Red Cross relief, there will remain in and liberties of those affected by their pro­ edifying material could be brought to the this devastated region thousands of pressing posals. attention of our readers. 4 N. C. W. C. BULLETIN July, 1927 The Calvert Associates Dedicated to'the Practical Application of the Enduring Principles of Christendom By George N. Shuster

HE "CALVERT IDEA" was for­ countries where (particularly in Germany, T mally presented on the evening of under the leadership of such men as Karl October 19, 1922. It was then by no Muth) they have been extraordinarily suc­ means either fully dev~loped or newly cessful in winning for Catholic letters "a born. During several years, Catholic place in the sun." Naturally there was scholars and leaders had been dreaming of much to learn f rom the example set by an intellectual affiliation which would bring such ventures. But the movement wanted their faith to bear effectively upon con­ an American precedent and soon realized temporary American thought, creative art that it had a most illustrious one. The and social action. They were deeply con­ heroic effort made by the Calverts to bring vinced of the need for such an affiliation. religious toleration into the American They saw, for instance, that no existing colonies through Maryland is, perhaps, the medium of literary expression was at all brightest spot in the spiritual history of calculated to reach the world outside the this country. It was the first time a group Church-that even Catholic apologetic of settlers had announced that charity was seldom got far enough away from its home MICHAEL WILLIAMS part of their faith-that to this they would base to do much good. But though some Editor of The Commonweal and moving cling resolutely even while granting to spirit in the Calvert Associates, whose plans of them had ideas as to what might be for the observance of the tercentenary of the others freedom to worship as they saw fit. establishment of religious toleration in the undertaken to remedy the situation, it was United States were recently presented to What better example could have been Pope Pius XI and graciously approved by not until Michael Williams and Ralph His Holiness, carried from history into the present? Adams Cram sat down to discuss the prob­ Quite apart from the fact that various lem that anything practical was attempted. These two names secret organizations were, at the time, engaged in preaching are symbolic of the purposes of the movement which the Octo­ the "un-Americanism" of Catholics, toleration was sadly ber 19th meeting lauched with great enthusiasm and some lacking in the realm of scholarship and intellectual con­ misgivings. Michael Williams is a professional journalist and troversy, in the circle of "society" as well as in the broader a chronicler of Catholic mystical adventure; Ralph Adams circle where workingmen sat discussing their problems. Cram is not a Catholic but nevertheless one of the foremost apologists for Catholic tradition ever developed in America. rr HE GROUP which met on October 19th, together with others who joined later, was accordingly incorporated as THE WORK which they proposed to do, therefore, was The Calvert Associates. Then there followed two years to express the things of faith under circumstances such of hard organization work, the brunt of which was born by as the laymal~ meets with in America today. This layman is ~'fichael \i\Tilliam. He worked on what was perilously like not p-rivileged to live within monastic walls; he is not a the brink of despai~, interesting people in the movement pasto; devoted to the welfare of a flock; he is a man who (most of them, let it be remembered, had been so1icit~d on lives in the open, face to face with men who. frankly scoff at behalf of any number of movements!), gaining the approval his convictions, and side by side with others who do !lot of ecclesiastical authorities and civil officials, and-above all accept them e~tirely but nevertheless agree with them in -raising little by little the sum of money needed to begin many important respects and feel their value as principles the work of publication in something like a professional in the guidance of contemporary society. Why not meet manner. The fundamental idea of organization was to bravely the opposition of the first group? Why not accept promote membership in the Calvert Associates by securing cordially the assistance of the second? By doing both of pledges to be met annually during three years. The Asso­ these things, one might hope to bring Catholic conviction and ciates, it was promised, would gradually form local study confidence into the circle where the layman lives and where and social groups, and would constitute the re erve force i~ they are so much needed. any efforts made by the organization as such to promote affairs of nation-wide significance. A PLAN like this might have looked to Europe for a Just how and why Mr. WilIiams was successful I do precedent. To some extent, of course, it did because its not know. He had little to offer that was tangible, he faced sponsors immediately concentrated their efforts upon the a firmly entrenched "inferiority complex," and he wanted attempt to establish the magazine which is now known as that most elusive of all substances-hard cash. But he had The Commonweal. Similar publications exist in continental made up his mind, and he conquered. In this victory, it JulYJ 1927 N. C. W. C. BULLETIN 5 ought to be said, a group of generous New Yorkers had a Governor. This outlined the significance of the Calvert large share. It is a fact they do not advertise, but a fact landing; and petitioned "for such official act as shall properly none the less. recognize this anniversary." The Governor then suggested Finally, on November 12, 1924, the first copy of The the organization of an executive committee to see the project Commonweal was sent abroad. Mrs. Grundy did not mis­ through the legislature and to make provision for translating take it for a comet, none of the country's major newspapers it into action. During the past two weeks such a committee sensed a rival, but approval was wide and hearty. From has been formed. It includes representatives of all the im­ that day to this, the magazine's record has been one of portant Maryland civic and patriotic associations, as well as continuous progress. This I shall not attempt to outline, capable spokesmen for the Calvert Associates. Though all both because of my personal status and because the subject arrangements have not yet been completed, it is safe to can easily be investigated by all who care to do so. A great declare the day will be fittingly observed. Credit for the deal more could be done, a great deal more must be done. initiative properly belongs to the Associates, though they will But one who remembers the days of 1924 when Miss Estelle carefully refrain from laying too great a stress upon their Brady, incomparable business-woman of the organization, own serVIces. sat alone in a dingy New York office-room anxiously waiting for prospective "Calvert Associates," the way that has been THE SIGNIFICANCE of Calvert's memory to Catholics travelled seems adventuresome and fruitful indeed. in America has been pointed out by Rome itself. No doubt wider interest in local Catholic circles will follow. It is ONE FACT, however, seems to deserve emphasis. The important to remember, however, that no single day or respect entertained for The Commonweal abroad is a festival can properly develop a tradition of idealism, faith most surprising thing when one bears in mind the age and and service which is a great national heritage. That tradition handicaps of the pUblication. Monsignor Seipel has long needs a sequel-needs constant illustration in terms of here been our friend. When the Abbot of Beuron came to this and now reality. The Calvert Associates ha.ve dedicated country, he visited us almost immediately and outlined his themselves to filling that need. As they grow and acquire plans. France has been particuhirly friendly. When the more strength-and only so-can they accomplish greater new and important series of apolDgetic volumes-La Vie and better things. And it is true that they are gaining in chretienne-was planned, we were asked to suggest possible vitality only very gradually, while the conditions with which American collaborators. But all of this is not equal to the they could desirably cope are becoming firmer on all sides. prestige enjoyed by The Commonweal in the most important It is to be hoped that what has been written here will kindle some little enthusiasm in places not yet reached. We all may profitably bear the ci~cles of Rome-a prestige fully revealed for the first time coming Calvert Tercentenary firmly in mind, do everything possible during Mr. Williams' pre ent trip to the Eternal City. And to make it a brilliant success, and to spread the meaning of Maryland during that trip another aspect of the endeavor of the Calvert as a "land of sanctuary." Associates was brought to wider attention, owing to the stress which the Holy Father himself was good enough to Rev. Emmet M. Walsh Appoil1:ted Bishop of place upon it. Charleston, S. C. Early in the work, the Calvert idea necessarily bore in T THE SECRET CONSISTORY held in Rome on June 20, mind the history of the :Maryland settlement. Why could A Pope Pius gave to the Hierarchy of the United States a new not the date of the landing of the Ark and the Dove­ member in the person of the Rev. Emmet M. Walsh, pastor of the March 25, 1634--be fittingly observed as the day when Immaculate Conception Church at Atlanta. He was named Bishop of Charleston. religious toleration was brought to the United States? In addition, His Holiness renewed announcement of the appoint­ Above all, might not the centenary year, 1934, be prepared ments of Father Paschal Robinson, O.F.M., formerly a professor at for in a worthy manner? The first important move in this the Catholic University of America, as Titular Archbishop of Tiana, direction was made on "Calvert day" of last year, when a in Cappadocia; the Rt. Rev. James E. Walsh, head of the Maryknoll really illustrious banquet was given by the Associates in the mission in China, as Vicar Apostolic of Kongmoon and Titular Bishop city of Baltimore. Addresses by such men as Sir Esme of Sata; the Rt. Rev. T. J. Toolen as Bishop of Mobile; the Rt. Rev. Henry P. Rohlman as Bishop of Davenport, and the Rt. Rev. George Howard, Governor Albert C. Ritchie and the Honorable ]. Finnigan, C.S.c., as Bishop of Helena. William L. Marbury (president of the Sons of the American Bishop-elect Walsh is a native of South Carolina, the State com­ Revolution), outlined the significance of the day and endorsed prised in his new diocese, and although only 35 years old, has an the feeling that it s.hould be commemorated throughout the eminent record for learning and executive ability and for priestly zeal. In the mother parish of Georgia's capital city, he has done a nation. At the same time, meetings of Calvert groups in monumental work. He will .be the sixth Bishop of Charleston. The other cities rallied to the support of the idea in a notable diocese includes the entire State of South Carolina, with 30,570 manner. square miles. It has a Catholic population of 10,000 and is served by thirty-six priests. There are twenty-two churches with resident pRIMARILY as a. result o~ these festivities, the Mary­ priests, twenty-one missions with churches, ninety-seven stations and nine chapels. Religious women working in the diocese number 129. land State CouncIl of Kl11ghts of Columbus instituted To Bishop-elect Walsh, the BULLETIN extends congratulations and actions which led to the presentation of a memorial to the best wishes for a long and successful episcopate. 6 N. C. W. C. BULLETIN fitly, 1927 The Pan-Pacific Conference at Honolulu By William F. Montavon

HARACTERIZED by the Honorable \V. R. Farring­ to solve that problem more intense than in the city of C ton as "the most successful Conference ever held in Honolulu. Thus the conference met, as it were, in a great the Territory," the Pan-Pacific Conference on Educa­ laboratory and had an opportunity to study at close range tion, Rehabili~ation, Reclamation and Recreation, which con­ the actual working out of some of the most important of cluded its sessions at Hon,olulti on April 16, 1927, marks an these presented on its agenda. epoch in the relations between the nations bordering on the Pacific. These nations have so much in common-mutual PROBLEM OF FUSION OF RACES interests, racial characteristics, social problems-that the We are not, therefore, surprised at the words of Chancel­ Pan-Pacific Union was formed some years ago and, under lor Capen, of the University of Buffalo, when, after witness­ its auspices, informal conventions met in 1921 and 1923 at ing a flower festival staged by the school children of Hono­ Honolulu and San Francisco. No conference met in 1925, lulu, he said: and it was only when the Sixty-Ninth Congress, in a Joint "Whoever witnessed that spectacle must have a vivid sense of the Resolution adopted July 3, 1926, made provision for the colossal and many-sided experiment that is here in progress; an official participation of our Government, that the calling of experiment not only in the amalgamation of races, but, also, in the a formal conference became possible. reconciliation of different social and intellectual standards in the mutual adjustment of different philosophers of life. The 1927 Conference was attended by more than two "What future possibilities are suggested I ' The elements are here hundred delegates, representing twelve nations. China, at hand for fashioning a scheme of education that will incorporate the Ecuador and four of the nations of Central America were fin~st contributions of all the great civilizations that border on the the only important nations having interests in the Pacific Pacific. Indeed, such development appears to be inevitable, if Hawaii that were without representation. The United States had is but given a free hand by the agencies that mould the educational policies of the rest of the United States. the greatest number of delegates; Japan had ten; Australia, "The imagination of every student of education is fired by the five; Mexico, three; Colombia, two; and the other nations, thought of what may happen here within the next generation." one. The United States Government was represented by The Hawaii H ochi, a Japanese daily paper, published at officials from the Federal Departments of the Interior, Agri­ Honolulu, commenting editorially on the work of the con­ culture, and of the Treasury, and the Federal Board of ference, remarks: Vocational Education and the United States Civil Service Commission. Six State Superintendents of Public Instruc­ "Here, more than in any part of the world, we are able to observe the results of a close and friendly contact between widely divergent tion attended as official delegates; ninety-two American racial types and the conclusions that we are even now able to draw colleges and universities and forty educational, scientific and hold a bright promise for future generations. The delegates present technical associations were represented. at this conference have a rare opportunity to make a close study of the effects of this blending of different cultures." JUDGE HUGHES N. C. \"1. C.'s REPRESENTATIVE The Honorc:.ble John A. Hughes, prominent in public life THE CONFERENCE ON EDUCATION on the Pacific Coast ahd in Honolulu, was designated by the Following the preliminary session, over which _Dr. Admi;istrative Committee as the official delegate from the Hubert Work, U. S. Secretary of the Interior, presided, National Catholic \i\Telfare Conference and took a prominent the conference divided itself into three section : Educa­ part in the discussions. , tion, Reclamation, and Recreation. The delegates in­ Few cities in' the Pacific region are so well equipped as terested in rehabilitation came largely from the United Honolulu for the holding of such a convention. The limpid States and, for the greater part, were absorbed by the section waters of Honolulu have for many generations been, as it on Education. This section, both because of the preponder­ were; a cross-road upon which converge important trans­ ance of educators among the delegates and because of the port lines which traverse the Pacific Ocean and thus direct vital nature of educational problems which are pressing for access and commodious travel were assured. But, in another solution in practically every nation bordering on the Pacific, and different sense, is Honolulu an eminently proper place at once assumed an overshadowing importance. The daily in which to hold such a convention. Because of an economic attendance at its sessions numbered more than two hundred. development far more rapid than the growth of her popula­ The discussions were conducted in a spirit of great friendli­ tion, the territory of Hawaii has had to call upon the over­ ness and harmony and were grouped about three major populated States in every quarter of the Pacific for the men themes: the exchange of educational ideas through informa­ required by her industries and her commerce, and especially tion centers to be established, vocational education, and by her sugar p1antations and her canneries. child life. In no other land does the problem of the fusion of races Commenting on the work of the educational section, Secre­ present itself more acute; nowhere, perhaps, are the efforts tary Work aid after the conference: July, 1927 N. C. W. C. BULLETIN 7

"It was the unanimous opinion of the delegates that every agency or more months, in conjunction with all-year sunshine, in­ and medium which makes for better understanding on educational creases mightily the yield of the sugar fields in the desert matters among the different Pacific countries through the exchange regions of the tropics, while the absence of seasons permits of lecturers, students, publications, exhibits, etc., are desirable and urgent. The solution of all international problems is to be sought, in of the continuous harvesting and milling of the cane, notably some measure, in a program of education. Relationships which are reducing the overhead cost and capital outlay required. based on thorough understanding are essentially the strongest and Indeed, irrigation, from the .remote ages antedating historical record, the most permanent." has continued to be a major problem in practically every country bordering on the Pacific Ocean. It was, therefore, to be expected Practical measures recommended by the conference in­ that, at this Pan-American Conference on Reclamation, by far the cluded: The establishment in each country of centers where greatest consideration would be given to irrigation. educational reports, statistics, catalogs, etc., would be col­ Beginning with the communistic system, established by the empire lected and summarized for local circulation; the considera­ of the Inca and its predecessors in the Andes of Peru and Chile, tion by the universities of English-speaking nations of the and with the feudal systems of Japan and the Orient, a system of laws and regulations has, through centuries, been developed for the proposal to give recognition to the Japanese and Chinese purpose of controlling and regulating the distribution of the limited languages, placing them on a basis similar to that accorded waters available for irrigation. Of greater importance even than the modern European languages; the publication by the United engineering in the solution of this problem is the work of the legisla­ States Bureau of Education of a glossary of education terms tor. At Honolulu, engineers and administrators experienced in the in common use in Pacific countries; and, finally, the appoint­ conquest of the desert met for the exchange of ideas and plans. Part of the time was given up to the presentation of formal papers, but ment of educational attaches on the diplomatic missions with of more importance were the informal round table discussions. It rank similar to that already conceded to commercial and was generally agreed that, so far as engineering is concerned, irriga­ military attaches. tion has reached a degree of standardization equal to that attained in railway and other construction fields .. The problem today is mainly The discussion 0 f vocational education brought to light one of administration, the system best adapted for the successful the fact that in all of these countries the educational leaders reduction of great irrigated areas from public to private ownership, are not satisfied with the progress that is being made in the selection of colonists and the settling of them in the land, the working out a program of practical industrial and commer­ granting of subsidies and loans and the administration of them up cial training to be given to the young men and women whose to their re-payment out of the earnings of the colonists; all these, education terminates with the high school course. Indeed, coupled with the supervision of the colonists, assisting them in planning the development of the lands and in the marketing of the it is apparent that the problem of the high school is the major crops, constitute a problem the solution of which will be of great problem with which educators are today confronted in the significance for the future progress of the Pacific nations. Pacific countries. The conference went on record as favor­ Forest administration and reforestation, the control of rivers, and ing vocational guidance, accompanied by pre-vocational sub­ allied problems received serious consideration. It was shown that jects and followed by a program of vocational education in Australia leads in the excellence of the laws under which water rights and the distribution of streams are controlled. Influenced by the the public school, for those who do not expect to go to college example of Australia as contrasted with the controversy waging in or pursue the higher professions. California over riparian rights, the confel ence recorded its opinion In discussing the problems of child life, the delegates were :n a resolution in which it affirmed "its strong conviction that control of the opinion that child welfare could be better promoted of all water in rivers, streams, springs, lakes, marshes, and natural through closer cooperation between the home and the school. receptacle and water sources, should ve t in the Government," and this resolution was confirmed by the unanimous vote of the conference It recommended the establishment of health centers, the as a whole. formation of child study circles, tae employment of visiting CONFEREN E ON RECREATION nurses and the use of correspondence courses for the exten­ As the hours of labor are reduced by advancement in industrial sion of parental education in the care of infants and children, efficiency, the problem of how best to dispose of leisure time assumes and that courses in maternal and child hygiene be introduced greater significance. Librari·es and museums are no longer the exclu­ into the curriculum of the secondary schools. sive property of the student and the scientist. They take their place with the theater and the conservatory as an instrument of recreation THE CONFEREN CE ON RECLAMATION in its broadest significance, namely, the profitable and enjoyable employment of leisure time. The conference devoted but scant atten­ There are in practically all the Pacific countries great tion to these important institutions, however, and gave itself whole­ semi-arid and desert regions. The lands in many of these heartedly to the discussion of outdoor recreation. Athletics, organized are found to be of great fertility when water is applied to play in the open, and the observation of the phenomena and grandeur them and the long growing seasons in the tropical regions of nature were shown by the speakers to rank with the school and make it possible by irrigation to convert them into the most other social agencies in their influence not only over the physical but over the moral and sp!ritual character of the individual and productive agricultural lands to be found anywhere. More­ the race. over, the very aridity of the climate, making it possible Inspiration was found in the magnificent development o£ the Na­ through irrigation to regulate the quantity of water t? be tional and State parks of the United States. It was found that supplied to growing crops, affects beneficially the quality of Australia has embarked· upon an ambitious plan for the development· of several extensive areas as national parks, and probably ranks only these. By this fact is explained the fine quality, as well as after the United States in this respect. So impressed were the the great quantity per acre, of the cotton grown in the desert delegates that several have come to the United States to study our regions of Peru and Egypt. A growing period of eighteen National Parks and their administratiton more in detail. 8 N. C. W. C. BULLETIN J'Uly~ 1927 Mexico and the Federal Council of Churches IN ITS OFFICIAL BULLETIN for May, Revolution," the pamphlet makes no refer­ within our borders, hundreds of milions 1927, the Federal Council of the ence to the promise of liberty under the law of dollars invested in Mexico and hundreds Churches of Christ in America repudiates and especially of hone ty in the administra­ of our countrymen engaged in honest en­ with indignation the charge that it has tion of justice which won for the revolution terprise in that country are evidences of "mistakenly espoused certain international the support of the Mexican nation and made an irresistible fusion out of which spring proposals." In such matters of public wel­ it victorious. La ley fuga was an expression mutual interests, mutual responsibilities fare, the Council declares: we seek "to dis­ invented by the opponents of Diaz to de­ and, above all, mutual problems which, in cover the high common mil1d of the con­ scribe the ruthless processes of justice the end, must be solved on the basis of stituent denominations. and th"l1 to speak against which the revolution was waged. moral standards accepted by both peoples. and act in their behalL" Among its in­ The words of Justo Sierra: "The people The Federal Council dismisses the dis­ struments for giving public expression to (of Mexico) hunger and thirst after justice" cussion of the laws and government of this "high common mind" of its constit­ describe more accurately the Objectives of Mexico with a shrug of the shoulder, say­ uents, the Federal Council publishes weekly the Revolution than all the balder-dash of ing cynically-after all it is the only Con­ an "Information Service," which is pre­ this pamphlet about economic problems. stitution Mexico has. As a matter of fact, pared by its Department of Research and the vast majority of the people of Mexico Education. In a statement running UNDER cover of international disturb- not only do not accept this Constitution through twenty thousand words, dated ances, eSJ:ecially the World War, a and these laws, but openly repudiate them May 21, 1927, it undertakes to express the bolshevistic reg:me was foisted upon Mexico as the acts of a dictatorship in power not "high, common mind" with regard to Mex­ in 1917 by a band of alien adventurers by the will of the Mexican nation. The ico. Those who prepared this pamphlet, in and Mexican insurgents, acting under an Constitution of 1857 is still the fundamental seeking to hold firmly to the doctrine of authority they usurped. Their action was law of Mexico for the great majority of a common mind, find appar,ently no agree­ without mandate from the Mexican nation the Mexican nation. ment with regard to the great principles of and remains to this day unaccepted by that justice and liberty, the very foundations nation; even under the laws of Mex'co, FOR TWENTY years, revolution has of free institutions that are being fought it is without authority for the Mexican succeeded reV'olufion in Mexico. The for in Mexico, and confine themselves to a nation. The attempt to fasten upon Mexico people have been overwhelmed; they have discussion of the "Oil and Land Con­ a system of bolshevism under the thin not been subdued. What better evidence troversy." disguise of a Constitution was followed by could we have of this than that given by a reign of terror and murder unequalled in Aaron Saenz, a Minister of one of the so­ COMMENTING editorially on this pam- the annals of America, to be compared only called "Churches of Christ," until recently phlet, The New Age, official organ of with the attempt to fasten a similar system the active head of the Foreign Office in the Scottish Rite Masons, Southern J urisdic­ on Russia. Mexico, when in a public statement a few tion, finds it to contain "some rather mani­ Our Government did not abandon its days ago, he announced his political phi­ fest mistakes and omissions as to facts." purpose to insure to the Mexican nation losophy in a published manifesto. Certainly the introductory paragraphs under that complete spiritual freedom which had "Within our own ranks," he said, ad­ the heading "Historical Background" justify been guaranteed in 1915. In 1921, Secre­ dressing the members of the revolutionary even a more forceful condemnation. The tary of State Hughes brought up this sub­ bloc, "we should guarantee complete free­ history of three centuries of colonial ad­ ject in the draft of a treaty of friendship dom of political action so long as the doc­ ministration in Mexico, unsurpassed in and intercourse which he proposed to trine of the revolution is preserved. It achievement by any contemporary colonial President Obregon. The fact that since would, however, be a fatal error to abate enterprise, is summed up in the charge that that date the two Governments have ever so little our efforts to prevent our the imp0sition of a feudal land system on reached an agreement with regard to cer­ opponents from placing any of their own in Mexico "resulted.in conditions under which tain justiciable questions regarding the power, either in Federal or local offices." ...the native population was very greatly property damages suffered by American If the present regime, the revolution, has diminished." citizens cannot mean that every other fac­ the support of the people of Mexico, as it No statistical or other evidence is ad­ tor of the controversy has been lost sight boasts, why does it have to outlaw its op­ vanced or referred to in support of this of, nor can the intensity which of latc has ponents and, by armed force, prevent them charge. The fact reported in the succeeding characterized the controversy over land from exercising the suffrage to which they paragraph that today the native constitutes and oil laws signify that these other fac­ have a right, even under the Constitution nearly 90 per cent of the total population of tors have been abandoned. and laws enacted by the revolutionists Mexico should have caused the authors of themselves? this pamphlet to hesitate in stating as the THE AMERICAN nation is confronted outstanding result alone worthy of con­ with the fact that, in spite of the years THE STRUGGLE that is being waged sideration this alleged decimation of the that have intervened since we first recog­ in Mexico is the struggle whereby a aboriginal population. nized Carranza, in spite of the patience our nation seeks to sever the chains which, With equal disregard of history, in refer­ Government has always shown in the face forged under an alien inspiration, are fas­ ring to the suppression of the revolt of of outrages which justified a sterner atti­ tened upon her by a dictatorship which, if de la Huerta, the authors ignore the fact tude, in spite of even the positive help we left to its own resources, cannot long re­ that the victory of Obregon can be accounted have exten4ed to one Government after main in force. The Federal Council sees for only by referring to the assistance given another in Mexico, our State Department nothing but land laws and oil laws. It him by our own Government and explain has been unable to negotiate a treaty of abandons the sacred mission of charity the defeat of de la Huerta by intimating friendship and intercourse with Mexico. and justice and is deaf to the appeal that that the assassination of Villa deprived him Mexico is our neighbor. A common arises from millions of Mexican citizens in of a valuable ally. frcntier extending over many miles, hun­ exile and from other millions, the victims of In summing up the "Objectives of the dreds of thousands of Mexicans residing persecution in Mexico.-W. F. M. July, 1927 N. C. W. C. BULLETIN 9 N. C. W. C. Joins in Memorial Day Tribute to American Dead Overseas

HE AMERICAN French Covernment, eu­ WAR DEAD in logized the American T Europe were hon­ heroes. Many of the ored with devout cere­ new marble crosses have monies 011 Memorial been erected as perma­ Day. The National Cath- nent grave markers in 01 ic Welfare Conference the Suresnes Cemetery. was represented by Mrs. They were formally in­ H. Harrison, Par is spected by the Ambas­ Agent, Bureau of His­ sador and G e n era I torical Records, on mat­ Pershing. ters of cemeterial data While the principal on Catholics among the ceremony was in Paris, American war dead. N. all graves of American C. W. C. wreaths wer(;' dead were decorated in placed on the tomb of the various cemeteries the French Unknown as well as every isolated Soldier and in the Su­ grave in France, Great resnes cemetery n ear Britain and Italy. Paris. A delegation visited There were two relig­ the Picpus Cemetery in ious services in honor of Paris and placed a American dead. Father wreath on the grave of Hemmick, former war LaFayette. Memorial N. C. w. C. MEMORIAL DAY WREATH chaplain for the Ameri­ Two American children, Mary Van Dt1y~e a~d Hester Harrison, plac~ N. C. W. C. wreath .on Day was explained to can Red Cross, cele­ the Tomb' of the French "Cnknown SoldIer 10 the presence of Amencan Ambassador Herrick the French people in and representatives of the French Government. brated Requiem Mass at several radio talks. St. Joseph's Church. There was also a service in the American There are 6 American cemeteries in France: The Aisne Marne at Cathedral Church of the Holy Trinity. Later, these congregations Belleau Woods, with 2,268 graves; Oisne Aisne at Seringes-et­ joined and proceeded to the Etoile to decorate the tomb of the N esles, with 5,962 graves; Somme at Bony, with 1,830 graves; St. French Unknown Soldier. Mihie! at Thiacourt, with 4,142 graves; Suresries near Paris, with In the afternoon thousands visited the American Cemetery at 1,507 graves; Meuse Argonne .at Romagne sur Montfaucon, with Suresnes. Ambassador Herrick was the principal speaker and 14,135 graves; one in Belgium, with 367 graves, and one in England, General Pershing attended. General N ollet, representing the with 437 graves.

~~ Work of Bishop Cantwell's Welfare Bureau N THE May 29 issue of the Los Angeles EXa11l£iner ap­ Bishop John J. Cantwell, D.D. The report pays tribute to the coopera­ pears an account of the work of the Catholic Welfare tion of non-Catholic agencies in making possible the progress accom­ I plished. Bureau established in 1919 by Right Rev. John J. Cant­ Some of the outstanding developments o~t1ined in the report cover­ well, D.D., Bishop of Los Angeles. The account is of s ,­ ing the last year are: cia! interest in view of the fact that Bishop Cantwell 111 Courses in home nursing and sanitation begun in the homes of be the host of the National Conference of Catholic Charities, foreigners. whose Thirteenth Annual Convention will take place in Los One hundred and seventy prominent Catholic laymen volunteer to· act as Big Brothers to erring boys brought before the courts and Angeles, September 4-8. The EXa11~il1er' s story reads as given probation. follows: Catholic Big Sisters' League begins systematic work of reclaiming wayward girls providing employment, recreation and inviting them A drive for the Americanization of foreign-born residents in Los to good homes. Angeles County has been begun by the Catholic Welfare Bureau, it Fifty-six Catholic physicians form a Doctors' Guild to assist the· was revealed yesterday, when its annual report was made public. work of the St. Vincent de Paul Society in aiding persons unable to. The teaching of English to adults in more than a dozen settlements pay for medical service. of foreign-born by trained social service workers, the report shows, Twenty-three new conferences established by the St. Vincent de followed by instructions on the constitution and American history is Paul Society to visit the sick and prisoners in local jails. being undertaken systematically, with a view to encourage citizenship. More than 13,000 individuals assisted by the Family Welfare De­ The work is being carried on without respect to creed or nationality, partment of the Bureau, seventy-one baptisms arranged and thirty­ the report says, the purpose being to bring the immigrant to a realiza­ four marriages validated. tion of American standards and prevent "slum" conditions. Children's cases to the number of 518 cared for. Maternity care This work will be outlined at the National Conference of Catholic and homes found for 204 unmarried mothers. Charities, to be held here, beginning September 4. Forty-two runaway boys found and given an opportunity to earn The bureau report announces that its work now comprises not only their fare back home. the direction of twenty-eight charitable and welfare institutions in Los It was announced yesterday that arrangements have been made with Angeles and vicinity, but has instituted branches in eleven nearby the management of Hollywood Bowl for the opening session of the cities. The bureau was established in 1919 by the Right Revere.nd national conference the evening of September 4. 10 N. C. W. C. BULLETIN July, 1927 - National Council Catholic Women Chairman: RT. REV. JOSEPH SCHREMBS, D.D. OFFICERS AND DIRECTORS Mrs. Arthur Mullen, President Mrs. M. J. O'Fallon Diocese of Omaha Diocese of Denver c ) Mrs. John MacMahon, 1st Vice-President Mrs. C. O. Lamy Archdiocese of Chicago Archdiocese of Sl Louis Mrs. Henry Keyser, 2nd Vice-President Mrs. Wallace Benham -Archdiocese of Milwaukee Diocese of Cleveland Mrs. Carlton J. Hayes, 3rd Vice-President Mrs. George F. Satory Archdiocese of New York Archdiocese of St. Paul ! ) Mrs. Agnes Bacon, Treasurer Miss Kate E. Desmond Diocese of Providence Archdiocese of San Francisco Miss Anna D. Gamble, Secretary Mrs. James Downey, Diocese of Mobile Diocese of Harrisburg Mrs. John N. JacksOlD., Diocese of Seattle Mrs. Frank C. Horigan EXECUTIVE SECRETARY Mrs. R. J. Moore Archdiocese of Baltimore MISS AGNES G. REGAN Diocese of San Antonio ...... _'~}.i...l~}; ::. Bishops Boyle and McDevitt Address Pittsburgh N.C.C.W. At Eighth Annual Convention Held in Pittsburgh, June 2-3

HE EIGHTH ANNUAL CONVENTION of the spoke of the social weakness of the Catholic group. It is T Pittsburgh Council, N. C. C. W., which met in Pitts­ often evidenced in their incapacity to organize. No group burgh June 2 and 3, was the most successful confer­ can organize successfully unless it has been trained and edu­ ence as yet held by this very active unit of the N. C. C. W. cated to organize. Organizations are in constant peril of Six hundred representative women destroying themselves. attended the Mass at St. Paul's "It is a terrific strain for a number of human beings to Cathedral and the opening meeting come together to debate a policy and then to take united at Synod Hall. Rev. Leo McCrory action, to take the members who were opposed to the action of St. Luke's Church, Carnegie, was along with the others and go on with the organization work. the celebrant of the Mass prelimi­ The i11ltportant thing in an organization of an., kind is that nary to the opening of the sessions, it should go on. You can have as many policies advocated and Right Rev. Philip R. McDevitt, as you like in your organization, as many debates, as much D.n., Bishop of Harrisburg, deliv­ conflicting speech; but when you have been outvoted by the ered the sermon, with Rt. Rev. Hugh majority, you must go along with the organization. You C. Boyle, D.D., and Very Rev. A. M. must further its policy as though it were your own policy. Hehir, C.S.Sp., LL.D., president of What would happen in the United States of America if MRS. THERESA MOLAMPHY Duquesne University, in the Sanctu- every time one of the parties in an election was defea~ed, it President, Pittsburgh Council, N. C. C. W., past ary. should form a cabal and begin to set aside the national policy vice-president and member The convention was opened in of N. C. W. C. Board of adopted by the other party at Washington, and if it at­ Directors. Synod Hall, Mrs. Theresa Molam- tempted to cancel and obstruct national policies because they phy, president,.presiding. Bishop Boyle made the opening-ad­ were not the kind it would have adopted. We would have dress by encouraging the officers and members to continue a very alarming condition in national affairs. in the good work of the Council and praising them on the ORGANIZATION VA1.UABLE THING wonderful work that has been accomplished in the past four years. Bishop Boyle spoke in part as follows: "The same thing is true in other organizations of men and women. It is because it takes some time to educate and BISHOP BOYLE'S REMARKS train oneself in organization life and conduct that almost "Not one of you is more anxious to see the organization any kind of an organization is a valuable thing for human spread and grow strong than I am. I am particularly pleased beings to belong to. It is splendid discipline to discuss poli­ to hear that a large number of delegates have come from cies, to debate, oppose and in the end go along with the individual societies; of women who have been convinced in majority when they have decided upon some matter or other. their own minds that this central organization is an impor­ "This organization of Catholic women, however, has other tant thought. ends and purposes. In this diocese it has a special value "In his inspiring sermon this morning, Bishop McDevitt because it comes to stand in a way for the Catholic attitude N. C. W. C. BULLETIN 11

Bishop Boyle Praises Local and National Efforts of Pittsburgh Council, N. C. C. w. His Lordship, Bishop Boyle, in the call for the Eighth Annual Convention of the Pittsburgh Council, N. C. C. W., addressed the affiliated organizations, in part, as. follows : ((The success of the Diocesan Council of Catholic Women is a notable contribution to the organization of Catholic women in the United St~tes. The measure of its success will appear if a comparison is made with the success achieved by women in other dioceses in this country, and if a detailed appraisal of its accomplishments is attempted. It has been so successful that really the pity is that it has not been more s1tccessful. Its fruitful efforts have. had the accidental effect of showing what great work lies at hand awaiting the attack of women of good will infused with the Catholic spirit, and possessed of ade­ quate material means. It W01dd be a distinct loss if it were compelled by insufficient resources to abate even a little the energy which it expends for Almighty God and for country. "Its contribution has been not merely local,· it has supplied its share, and more than its share, to the national effort; the work which proceeds on a national scale and which is controlled and directed by the. National C O1l;ncil has been generously assisted by the assess­ ments levied on the affiliated organizations of the diocesan body. RT. REV. HUGH C. BOYLE, D.D. "It has been largely because of the loyalty of the affiliated societies that the. diocesan Bishop of Pittsburgh group has placed itself in the very front of the orgamzations of women in the dioceses of this country,· and I am concerned that word of my appreciation of their loyalty and support should co'me to the. officers and me1'nbers of the Council in this diocese. UI bespeak a continuance of their interest, their contributions, and their active assistance. If I might make a suggestion, it w01dd be that the. members of the affiliated societies give the work a greater measure of personal attention, by attending the meet­ i~tgs of the Diocesan Council, where policies are discussed and dete.rmin-ed, and by carrying back to their 0'Ut'n parish groups the news of work accomplished and work to be done. The membership of the affiliated societies in the Diocesan C01tncil should be increased and the assessments and dues paid promptly. The scale upon which the National and Diocesan bodies put forth effort can be enlarged only in this way, and the aggregate of the amounts gathered, while 11-otable., does not entail great sacrifice on anyone of the contribu,tors. towards human affairs as that attitude is found among women. It perseverance and success would crown their efforts. represents in many matters the Catholic Church in the diocese of Luncheon at the K. of C. Auditorium, followed by the speaker's Pittsburgh and it speaks for it. We want women to come to it from program, was the outstanding feature of the Convention. Mrs. every quarter of the diocese, even the most obscure.... I hope the Thomas P. Horan, National President of the L. A. A. O. H., acted women who are here will try to, make it apparent later on to tJ e as toastmistress. Edward J. O'Brien, Grand Knight, Duquesne Coun­ women of their parishes that we, all of us, regard the continued cil, K. of c., welcomed the delegates and tendered the hospitality of growth of this organization as a very important matter, indeed .." the club. Honorable Helen Grimes, State Representative, gave an Bishop Boyle congratulated the Council upon its splendid Council interesting talk on matters connected with legislation. House on Penn Avenue and the exhibit which the Council had at the PROGRAM OF SPEECHES Eucharistic Congress in Chicago. Rev. Andrew J. Pauley spoke on "Our Young People"; Russell F. Concludin~, he counseled the women to make up their minds against the dangers which threaten the life of Catholics everywhere, saying: Oakes, "The Catholic Press"; Mrs. Cecilia Starzyniski, "Our Young Girls"; Honorable James P. Malone, greetings from the City Council; SMALL CATECHISM A GUIDE Honorable C. W. Sypuiewski, "Loyalty of Catholic Emigrants"; Rev. Leo McCrory, "Reminiscences" of work of the Catholic Women's "Make up your own minds what your lives ought to be. Have a League; Mrs. Joseph A. Donnelly, "Loyalty of Affiliated Organiza­ course of conduct from which no one can force you to deviate. The tions"; Rev. John R. McKa~ney, on "Work Accomplished and Future kind of conversation that goes on in the social circles in which you Outlook of the Council." move, the reading that you do, the music that you play, all these Thursday evening at the Council House the Queen's Daughters things ought to be controlled by moral principles. The fashion of the acted as hostesses. The speakers of the evening were Miss Elizabeth moment is not the thing that determines your conduct. The small Cosgrove of the Catholic Charities, on "Girls' Welfare," and William catechism is a better guide and the principles of Catholic faith and A. Ryan, Grand Knight, Pittsburgh Council, K. of c., on "LaymeR's morals are the things that ought to determine the life and conduct of Retreats." Catholics. Nothing else, not what other people are saying, not what At Friday afternoon's session Rev. James M. Delaney gave an other people are reading, not what is considered the smart and the address on "The Holy Name Society." clever thing, not what is good form in society, none of these things The Convention was closed with the singing of "The Star-Spangled ought to be determining factors. It doesn't make a bit of difference Banner" and the "Te Deum.'~ whether you are like anybody else in the world, if only you make your conduct conform to the principles of Catholic morality. If we want OFFICERS ELECTED to count as a Catholic element in human society we must acquire a The following executive officers were elected for the ensuing year: complete independence, an entire freedom in our actions from the in­ President, Mrs. Teresa M. Molamphy; vice-presidents, Mrs. John H. fluence of groups outside our own." Roney, Mrs. M. A. Bittner, Mrs. L. J. Feinaugle, Miss Josephine L Bishop McDevitt followed with a most inspiring address, congratu­ Nixon; executive secretary, Miss Catherine A. O'Donnell; financial' lating the Council and counseling all interested to have courage and secretary, Mrs. Fay Ide Lauer; treas1:1rer, Mrs. William H. Postner~ 12 N. C. W. C. BULLETIN July? 1927 "Subnormal Child" Dominant Theme of San Francisco Convention HE ANNUAL CONVENTION of the San Francisco Dr. Anne Nicholson, director of Field Work for the National Archdiocesan Coun~il of Catholic Women was held at Council of Catholic Women, was the principal speaker at the mid­ T day session on Tuesday. Her topic was "Organizing Our the Fairmont Hotel, San Francisco, June 5, 6, and 7. Strength." She urged the establishment of a forum, a clearing The Conf~rence opened with Mass at St. Mary's Cathedral. house for Catholic women's organizations, where they may ex­ Archbishop Hanna preached the sermon, and gave to the change ideas and discuss common problems. "Organized strength," delegates present the keynote for their discussions. He ex­ she declared, "is the essence of all Catholic women's welfare horted them to carryon the great work they had begun and work." At the business meeting, the reports of the various diocesan units impressed upon them the .need of organized effort on the were read. These reports give evidence of commendable progress. part of the Catholic women of America, especially in the Mrs. Breeden was unanimously chosen to represent the Council at present day when women wield so great an influence. the National Convention to be h~ld in Washington, in September. Mrs. Bernard Breeden, president of the Archdiocesan A plea was made to the delegates present that others plan to at­ Council, welcomed the delegates at the reception held in the tend this convention, by their presence encouraging the national work and receiving in return new vision and courage for meeting ball-room of the Fairmont Hotel on Sunday afternoon. local problems. Miss Katherine Donohoe of San Francisco, was elected a director WELFARE OF SUBNORMAL CHILD DISCUSSED of the San Francisco County Board, as were also Mrs. Breeden, The principal t'opic for discussion during the meetings was the president of the Archdiocesan Cl{)uncil, and Mrs. F. C. Mollett of welfare of the subnormal child. The Council has taken upon itself the Catholic Daughters .of America. the task of securing funds for an institution to be devoted to the care and training of subnormal children under Catholic auspices. ARCHBISHOP HANNA BANQUET SPEAKER The Monday sessions 'were devoted entirely to the discussion of The Conference closed with a banquet in Norman Hall, Fair­ this topic. Three competent speakers, each of whom has made an mont Hotel. Archbishop Hanna was the guest of honor and prin­ intensive study of the subject from different angles, addressed the cipal speaker. Other speakers were Rev. Francis Ahern, Miss convention. . Margaret McGuire, Eugene F. Conlin, Miss Esther B. Philipps, and Rt. Rev. Charles A. Ramm, of St. Mary's Cathedral, spoke on Hon. Jeremiah F. Sullivan. . the subject of spiritual well-being of the child. He first reminded The San Francisco Conncil is to be congratulated upon its cour­ the women that only through proper organization can they accom­ age in undertaking so great and important a work as that of pro­ plish the task they have undertaken. He detailed the child's spir­ viding care for subnormal children according to the best modern itual needs and the great danger which confronts those, who, with methods and under Catholic auspices. It is a task which challenges limited intelligence, are left to ·face life's problems. Patient, guid­ not only interest but sympathy and it gives promise of stimulating ing hands are needed toO keep them in the path of :.:ighteousness. like effort in other communities. Dr. Joseph Catton, physician and psychiatrist, addressed the women on "The ChiTd's Physical Needs." From the mental and psychological standpoint, he discussed the mental processes of the subnormal child, and their influence .in his actions. Dr. Catton was Louvain Honors Three American Prelates followed by Miss Lombard's address. Three distinguished American prelates were chosen for high aca­ Miss Louise Lombard, director of ungraded classes in San Fran­ demic honors by the University of Louvain, Belgium, as a tribute to cisco Public Schools, who discussed "The Child's Educational the hierarchy of the United States, in connection with the celebra­ Possibilities." Noone is better prepared to present this topic than tion of the SOOth anniversary of the founding of the ancient Catholic this woman, whose life has been devoted to work with subnormal scat of learning on June 28 and 29. children, and who has won the love not only of the children with The University conferred its most highly esteemed degree, Doctor whom she d~a1s, but of the many teachers, who under her guidance of Sacred Theology, honoris causa, upon the Most Rev. Austin have been led to see the great possibilities for good in those who Dowling, D.D., Archbishop of St. Paul; the Rt. Rev. John J. Law­ are .so frequently put aside as offering little compensation for a ler, D.D., Bishop of Lead, S. Dak., and former Auxiliary Bishop of teacher's life work. St. Paul; and the Rt. Rev. John G. Murray, D.D., Bishop of Port­ Miss Lombard outlined the development in the education of de­ land, Me., former Auxiliary Bishop of Hartford, Conn. fective children from the days when it was first recognized. that Archbishop Dowling is episcopal chairman of the Department of idiocy was not a disease but a case of arrested mental develop­ Education of the National Catholic Welfare Conference, and a mem­ ment, to the modern highly developed system of psychological tests ber of the board of trustees of the Catholic University of America. which have made possible the education of such children. Miss Bishops Lawler and Murray are graduates of the American College Lombard warned against false sentiment on the part .of parents at Louvain. and children, which frequently prevents early diagnosis of feeble­ The honorary doctorate of Louvain carries unusual distinction in mindedness and the segregation of children in special classes. the world of learning, having been conferred upon relatively few In order to get first-hand knowledge of the type of children under scholars in the course of the university's five centuries of existence. discussion, the delegates were taken to visit the Roman Catholic Orphanage under the direction of the Sisters of Charity of St. Vincent de Paul. Here a special group .of subnormal children have been segregated, and the wonderful results obtained through 215 Organizations Affiliated From Cleveland Diocese intelligent, sympathetic handling were very ~vident. A separate in­ To date, 215 wome·n's organizations have affiliated from the Cleve­ stitution, especially equipped, is essential, and it is to this task the land Diocese with the National Council of Catholic Women-an evi­ San Francisco Council has dedicated itself. dence of the splendid interest created throughout the diocese as a Monday evening, Rev. Robert E. Lucey of Los Angeles, presi­ restdt of the recen,t convention there. dent of the California Conference of Social Work, addressed the As a fttrther manifestation of interest, the Cleveland Diocese leads convention on "Some Practical Problems of Catholic Social Work." in the number of life memberships i1~ the N. C. C. W. July, 1927 N. C. W. C. BULLETIN 13 Bishop O'Dea Endorses Work of the Diocesan Council of Catholic Women HE FOLLOWING LETTER REPORT URGES UNITY OF ORGANIZATION is found on the opening page "Would that all the enthusiasm and zeal that finds expression in T the scattered and loosely jointed charitable units of this diocese of a folder issued by the could be harnessed in a united and systematic program. These scat­ Seattle Council of Catholic tered units represent the pioneering stages in the growth of the Women: Church in this section. The Church in this country has now at­ tained full maturity and the methods of its youth are entirely un­ To the Catholic Women of the suited to full maturity. The period of loose and disjointed effort Diocese of Seattle: is long since passed. We are living in an age of organization and Three years ago at m:v request planning. The various groups with whom we deal are well organ­ the National Conference of Catholic ized and have carefully mapped out progr~ms. We must follow Women sent Dr. Am~i Nicholson to suit if we are to maintain the prestige which we deserve. Seattle for the, purpose of organir'Jing "It is no longer possible for an organization to live in isolation RT. REV, EDWARD J. O'DEA, D.D. the Catholic women of the Diocese and do justice to the particular work in which it is engaged. We Bishop of Seattle. and affiliating the'm with the National are actively interested with every social agency in the city and our Conference. The response to Dr. conferences and round table discussions have been of much help in Nicholson's efforts was most encouraging and resulted in the solving our common problems. organi:Jation of the DiocesQ1~ Conference of Catholic lVomen. "The year in brief shows an increase over any previous year, due Thottgh still in its il£fancy it n1£1'nbers close to FIVE THOUSAND to the fact that our city is growing with an amazing rapidity, which MEMBERS and it is my sincere hope that in the very near future of course always means more work for the welfare worker. The every organization of Catholic women in the Diocese of Seattle promise of tomorrow is one of increased effort and still greater will be affiliated with it. sacrifice in the interest of God's poor. The heavy problems that As there, are activities too widespread to be t J.ken care of by confront us must give way before our united efforts in the cause of any single organi:::ation I have entrusted them to the :Jealous and charity, a cause which today challenges our most intelligent and earn­ devoted care of the Diocesan Conference of Catholic Women, est endeavor. To give less than our best were to fail; more than confident they will receive, the attention they deserve. Foremost that we cannot give." among these are: The N ewmal~ Cl1tb at the State Uni~lersity , Immigrant Aid, the War Census of Catholic Boys who served in DRIVE FOR NEWMAN HOUSE the World vVar, CO-'operation between PareJLts and Ollr Parochial Newman House Drive is started. "A dollar from every Catholic Schools, and Catholic R1tral Proble'lns. . woman and girl in the State of Washington," is the motto of the As I have already made known my wishes to the Reverend ewman Club Foundation Committeee, under the auspices of which Clergy in regard ~o the Diocesan Conference, of Catholic Women, a fund for ewman House activities at the University of Washing­ I feel assured they will assist this most morthy organization in ton is being gathered. Mrs. Frank M. Carroll, is Seattle chairman every l1W1mer. of the Foundation. This special work was assigned to the Diocesan Yours faithfully in Christ, Council by the Right Reverend Bishop and is receiving enthusiastic support from the Catholic women throughout the diocese. ~ EDWARD J. O'DEA, Bishop of Seattle. April 19, 1927. It is not surprising to note. therefore, the great activity of the Catholic Women's Club of Tacoma Council as a whole and of its affiliated units. THE CATHOLIC WOMEN'S Club of Tacoma, one of the out- MEETING OF DEANERY COUNCIL tanding organizations of the Northwest, recently closed a most An interesting meeting of the Seattle Deanery Council was held in successful year with a banquet at the Tacoma Hotel. Much of the Knights of Columbus Hall, May 25. Representatives of affiliated success of the work is due to the able leadership of Mrs. Judson organizations in Seattle, Renton, Auburn, Kent and other cities of Benton, the retiring president. Rev. David P. McAstocker was toast the Deanery were in attendance. master. The principal speaker of the evening was Senator W. W. Mrs. William Turnacliff presided, Rev. Francis Caffrey, A.F.M., O'Connor, of Seattle, who gave a short resume of bills presented to principal speaker of the afternoon, gave a talk on Maryknoll and the legislature in which Catholics were particularly interested. Mrs. the foreign missions, illustrating it with moving pictures of Mary­ Harry LaBerge of Yakima, president of the Diocesan Conference knoll activities in America and abroad. Rev. Eugene Duffy, dioc­ of Catholic Women, gave an excellent address on "Women in Organ­ esan moderator, discussed the opportunities for service that are ization" and urged the various Catholic clubs and societies to affiliate open to the Catholic women of today. Miss Helen Collins, executive with the Diocesan Conference. Right Rev. Monsignor Ryan com­ secretary of the Seattle Council of Catholic Women, spoke on charit­ mended the Club for the work it has accomplished. Miss E. M. able and welfare work, discussing the child-placing bureau her Weatherill gave a detailed account of the work done in the Catholic organization conducts. The delegates listened with great interest to Welfare Bureau. We regret that space does not permit a resume reports on the Newman Foundation, the war census, immigrant aid, of the excellent report which has been received at N. C. C. W. Parent-Teacher Associations, and rural religious work. A delightful headquarters. musical program, followed by a social hour at which local hostesses served tea, closed an interesting and enlightening session. The Annual Report of the Seattle Council of Catholic Women To Be Reported on Next Month gives evidence of earnest and devoted work in Child Welfare. V>l e Interesting diocesan notes from Milwaukee, Belleville, Fresno, quote the following paragraphs as showing the wide vision which Boise, Helena and Oregon City were crowded out of this issue and dominated the work: will be printed next month.

:::x~: (iP 14 N. C. W. C. BULLETIN July) 1927 Bishop Welch Recommends Council to Variety of Activities Carried on by Denver Women of Duluth Diocese Council, N. C. C. W. HE DULUTH COUNCIL OF CATHOLIC WOMEN is NTERESTING AND ENTHUSIASTIC REPORTS come to planning great things for t~e coming year. Rt. Rev. Bishop N. C. C. W. headquarters from the Denver Diocesan Council T Welch has appealed to the Catholic women of th.e diocese to I of Catholic Women, which, with its ever-increasing activities, take an active interest in the work of the Council. At the Hibbing its concerted action, both in civic and social questions, is already luncheon, at which 200 women from. the so-called range towns were demonstrating what unity for the common good can accomplish. in attendance, the Bishop addressed them on the importance of Of particular interest is the growing representation in the various their participation in the great social movement which is bringing deanery councils from outlying places. Work among the Italian not only the women of the United States but the women of Europe and Mexican groups is progressing actively. as well, into places of influence and prbminence. He complimented Report of the last quarterly meeting held at the Knights of the women on the · splendid growth 'of the local council, pointing Columbus Hall in Denver gives evidence of intelligent considera­ out that the local organization and the diocesan council give the tion and ca~eful planning of the program. The Council, realizing women an unusual opportunity to get acquainted and to discuss the that some of the most potent factors that make for steady growth problems of local interest to them as Catholics and as citizens. in an organization of this kind are education f.or leadership; the realization of the assistance the Parent-Teacher Association Units MUCH TO BE DONE, BISHOP SAYS can be in parochial schools in building up understanding and co­ Despite the great progress made by the women of the United operation between the school, the child and the parent; the ne­ States and Europe, Bishop Welch believes there is yet much to be cessity of health education in a community; the worth of the visit­ done. He emphatically states that the Council of Catholic Women ing teacher; and the place of a diocesan council in the field of is not and never will be a political organization, but that its first charity, arranged the program to cover these subjects. consideration is for the ·welfare of the nation and humanity. He Sister Dolorine gave an admirable and scholarly paper on "Edu­ admonished his hearers that there patriotic duty should not be cation for Leadership," stressing the part that the woman of today shirked and that they should aspire to serve their states and com­ is called upon to fill in the w·orld, noting her past experience and munities intelligently and whole-heartedly. Given the use of the training and admirably setting forth a guide for those who wish to ballot, it devolves upon the women to make use of their franchise. equip themselves for leadership. Dr. Anne Nicholson, field representative of N. C. C. W., has "The Health Program in the Denver Parochial Schools" was ex­ been spending several weeks in Duluth. In her address she spoke plained by Miss Jessie I. Lummis, executive secretary, Denver principally on the need for more intensive organization work in the Tuberculosis Society. National Council of Cath9lic Women. Dr. Nicholson laid special Miss Adeline Jesse, the first visiting teacher in the public schools stress on that phase of the Council which pertained to the study of of Denver, gave some interesting and instructive information on the proposed national legislation. She urged that the members inform visiting teacher's special niche in the community. themselves on the major social, civic and political problems of the community, state and nation, to the · end that Christian ideals and MRS. O'FALLON PRESIDING OFFICER Christian principles be made effective in our national life. Attendance at Mass at the Immaculate Conception Cathedral Mrs. ]. B. Pfau, president of the Duluth Council of Catholic started the one-day session, followed by simultaneous and profitable Women, spoke briefly on the work of the Duluth Council as a meetings of the standing committees. Then came the Board Meet­ whole, and urged attendance at the Duluth meeting. ing, followed by the business session when reports of the various activities were rendered. This business session has become most MRS. ARNOLD ApPOINTED CHAIRMAN interesting to the delegates and friends as it has taken on the na­ On Friday, May 27, women representing the various Catholic or­ ture of a round-table discussion, when common problems and items ganizations met at Knights of Columbus Hall, to complete plans of special interest are discussed. Mrs. M. J. O'Fallon, president, for the organization of the Duluth Diocesan Council of Catholic presided during the morning and afternoon sessions. Women. The Rt. Rev. Bishop Thomas A. Welch was the principal At the luncheon meeting Rev. E. L. Mannix spoke on "Parent­ speaker and outlined the work fqr the new organization, which is Teacher Association Units in Parochial Schools" and drew from not to conflict with that being done by any of the individual units practical experience which he had obtained in his own parish and its of the new council. Mrs. , N. B. Arnold, a representative of the P. T. A. Unit. Duluth Catholic Club, was appointed chairman of the new organi­ Mr. Guy Justice, executive secretary of the Community Chest, zation, and Mrs. George Ryan, Dul uth, financial secretary, to act explained the "Educational Program of the Community Chest." until the annual meeting and election of officers to be held in Miss Helen Burke, executive secretary, Colorado Tuberculosis Duluth, October 4 and 5. Following the Bishop's talk, Dr. Nichol- . Society, gave a short talk on "What the National Service School son spoke on the work of the Council. Other speakers were Rev. Means to the Student." Omar Bobillard, O.M.L, director of the Duluth Cathedral Club, and This session was particularly favored in having as its presiding Rev. J. Hogan of Brainerd. officer Rt. Rev. J. Henry Tihen, Bishop of Denver, who enlivened the discourses with timely and interesting information. DISTRICT REPRESENTATIVES The day's conference closed with dinner at the Argonaut Hotel, The following district representatives were appointed to serve on the diocesan at which Mr. J. A. Gallagher discussed the subject "The Diocesan council as delegates from their own district until the fall meeting: Mrs. H. B. McNeill, Atkin; Mrs. J. J. Cummins, Brainerd: Mrs. C. A. Bardessono, Hib­ Council and Affiliated Organizations." bing: Mrs. Geo. Lohneis, Virginia: Mrs. John Mahady, Ely; Mrs. Lena Rev. John R. Mulroy, spiritual director, took as his subject Billeadeau, Grand Rapids; Mrs. Agnes O'Brien, Cloquet; Mrs. James Hurley, "Catholic Charities and the N. C. C. W." He showed how, through Pine City: Mrs. E. L. Rogers, Walker; Mrs. Arnold, Duluth; and Mrs. Leo the cooperation of the Denver Diocesan Council of Catholic Women Murphy, Eveleth. . Pre-convention chairmen of committees also named include: Miss Jessie and the Catholic Men's organizations, the Catholic Charities had Sheridan, constitution: Mrs. Gregory Herz, program: Mrs. 1. R. Kuth, co­ developed and obtained the more complete, the combined services operation: Mrs. Geo. Harkness, organization: Mrs. J. B. Piau, publicity; Mrs. of the community. Rt. Rev. Bishop Tihen called this organization M. L. Copeland, hostess; Mrs. E. L. Deitz, ways and means; Mrs. Dennis Donovan, arrangement; Mrs. E. L. Tuohy, decoration; Mrs. Arthur B. into being to meet the exigencies of the times, and to handle in a Kelly, luncheon; and Mrs. J. T. Stack, banquet. most .effective way, the problems of the diocese. July, 1927 N. C. W. C. BULLETIN 15 Service School Holds Fifth Annual Commencement HE FIFTH ANNUAL COMMENCE­ and in Porto Rico. Dr. Kerby congratulated T lVIENT of the National Catholic School the Alumnae Association, which he char­ of Social Service was held at the School acterized a an active and loyal group, on the on June 2, 1927. Five students completed the appointment by Bishop Schrembs of Father two-year course and were .awarded the diploma Burke as their spiritual director. of the School. Fourteen students received a Mrs. Arthur Mullen, president of the Na­ certificate, testifying to the successful comple­ tional Council of Catholic Women, greeted the tion of a year's work. Fourteen students, graduates in the name of the Council. She who have completed a year's· work, will return reminded them that they were to be the ex­ for the second year. ponents of the work and the ideals of the School In the absence of Bishop Shahan, Reverend in the various communities in which they John J. Burke, C.S.P., general secretary of the would be actively employed; that they would National Catholic Welfare Conference, and REV. WILLIAM J. KERBY, be the channels through which the influence f h PH.D. president of the Board of Management 0 t e Acting Director, N. C. S. S. s. of Catholic social teaching would be effective School, presided at the exercises. for good in many places and with many people. Rev. W. J. Kerby, Ph.D., acting director of the School, in Reverend C. Hubert LeBlond, director of the Bureau of presenting the graduates, gave an interesting and enlighten­ Catholic Charities of Cleveland, delivered the address of the ing resume of the growth and development of the School. day. It was a splendid analysis of the field of Catholic social In its comparatively brief existence, 116 students h ve been work, the need for technical training, and the greater need enrolled. Of this number 32 have completed successfully for thorough understanding of the Christian principles un­ the two-year course and received the diploma of the School, derlying all human relationships. Coming from one who is and 59 students have completed a o.ne-year course. Since recognized as a leader in welfare work, not only by his affiliation with the Catholic University, fifteen students have co-religionists but by all who are interested in improving received the Master's Degree. At the present time, graduates methods of dealing with social problems, Father LeBlond's of the School are working in the field of Social Service in words could not fail to impress with their sincerity not only twenty-eight States. in France, in Belgium, in the Philippines the student bod):', but the audience which included many

1927 GRADUATES AND STUDENTS OF THE NATIONAL CATHOLIC SCHOOL OF SOCIAL SERVICE, WASHINGTON, D. C. In cap and gown in the front row, from left to right, are: Misses Paula Frank, Helen Hierholzer~ Irene Doyle, Elsie Linfert and Catherine Meehan, all of whom received the diploma of the School and the degree of M.A. from the Catholic University ot America. Others in the picture are as follows: First row, to the left of the graduates: Misses Virginia Judge and Margaret Howland; to the right of the graduates. Miss Olive Elder. Second row: Misses Marcella Chawk, Elise Slavin, Stella KerchensteineEl Anna Alfonso, Paz ArgueIlas, Anna DuBrul, Kathleen O'Connor; Lucile Brunner, Mart~a Bonham, Huldaq Moorhead. T.hird row: Misses Claire Ryan, .J:!,lizabeth Slattery, Margaret Mowrey, Mae Sargent, Kath- erine Drennan, Marie Savage, AlIce Moran, Loretta Gorml~y, AurelIa Lammers and Angela Hart~an. . . The following students were not present when the picture was taken: Misses Frances CaSSidy, Frances Engle, Clara Frey, Mrs. Stephame Martm, and Mrs. Prillie Griggs. 16 N. C. W. C. BULLETIN July, 1927 representatives of social agencies in Washington and Fort Dodge, Iowa; and Miss Elizabeth Slattery, Des :Moines, Baltimore. Iowa. Father Burke in closing the exercises declared that "there Dr. Kerby, in the name of the Board of Management and rests upon this School a great responsibility, as there is also of the faculty of the school, thanked the donors of scholar­ open to it an exceptional opportunity. To the students, who ships held by students in 1926-1927. These include the go out from it to their labors there is a great obligation, Catholic Daughters of America, National Board, 4; Daugh­ as there is also for them a wonderful and exceptional oppor­ ters of Isabella, National Board, 1; Daughters of Isabella, tunity. Noone with a serious and human heart can think State of Wisconsin, 1 ; Young Ladies Institute, California, 1 ; of the problems that face the every-day world, as we 'must Marquette League of Catholic Women, Milwaukee, 1;' think of them in the Christian terms of the Church we love, Diocesan Councils of Catholic Women of Hartford, Los without knowing that if we must meet them, we must meet Angeles, Newark, Rockford, St. Louis, San Francisco, them honestly and efficiently, and with all. the labor we can each 1; Right Reverend Bishop Cantwell, 1; Dr. Charles P. put forth in preparation we yet have not done enough. for Neill, 1; St. Mary's Hospital Training- School, Rochester, what we seek to do we seek to do for Christ." :Minn., 1; and one from an anonymous donor in California. At the close of the exercises, the guests were entertained He expressed also grateful appreciation for the coopera­ /\ by the students and the faculty at a delightful luncheon on tion received from the social agencies of Washington and ., the lawn. Ba~timore in making possible the placing of students for the The following students received the diploma following two days each week in supervised field work, which the completion of two years' work: Miss Irene Doyle, San course requires. The following are the agencies mentioned: Francisco, Calif.; Miss Paula M. Frank, Two Rivers, Wisc.; In \Vashington-Juvenile Protective Assoriation, Catholic Miss Helen Hierholzer, 'Pittsburgh, Pa.; Miss Elise Linfert, Charities, Associated Charities, Board of Public Welfare, Cincinnati, 0., and Miss Catherine Meehan, Malone, N. Y. Central Council of Social Agencies, Public School Bureau Those, who had completed a year's work, and are not of Work Permits and School Attendance, Juvenile Court, returning for the second year, were awarded certificates as Georgetown University Hospital, Gallinger Hospital, St. follows: Miss Marcella Chawk, Louisville, Ky.; Miss Elizabeth's Hospital. In Baltimore-Catholic Charities, Katherine Drennan, Pittsfield, Mass.; Miss Anna DuBrul, Family Welfare Society, and Henry \i\Tatson Children's Aid Cincinnatti, Ohio; Miss Olive Elder, Los Angeles, Calif.; Society. Mrs. Prillie Griggs, Dothan, Ala.; l\1iss Angela Hartman, It is interesting to note that positions were available for Baltimore, Md.; Miss Aurelia Lammers, Hartington, Nebr.; all of the students desiring to be placed immediately. Mrs. G. 'vV. Martin, \i\Tashington, D. c.; Miss Huldah Moor­ To those who have been intimately associated with the head, San Rafael, Calif.; Miss Mary Alice Moran, New School the year 1926-27 has been a very happy one-happy London, Conn.; Miss Margaret Mowrey, St. Louis, Mo.; in the promise of the great possibilities which it holds out Miss Claire Ryan, Appleton, Wisc.; Miss Marie Savage, for future development in Catholic Social \Vork.

~~ Omaha Diocesan Council Holds 7th Annual Conference ADDRESSING the Seventh Annual Conference of the Omaha The first session on Monday was presided over by the diocesan president, ft Dioces~n Council of Catholic Women, held at the Hotel Fon- Miss Anna E. Hughes of Battle Creek. Mrs. Arthur F. Mullen, national tenelle, May 22, 23 and 24, Rev. Peter G. Gannon, editor of president, brought the greetings of the national organization to the meeting. The work of the Catholic Instruction League and Rural Vacation Schools was The 011wha True V Otce., stressed the need of organization, stating reported on at this session. At 12.15 took place the National President's that the condition of society tod;y makes it more necessary than ever. Luncheon, with Rev. Thomas Egan, S.J., Mrs. D. J. Reilly, Mrs. J. W. Reader Referring to the fact that the National Council of Catholic Women and Mrs. Mullen the speakers of the occasion. Reports of the deanery and parish delegates were received at the business session which followed.. had been called into existence by the bishops of the country and was The convention banquet took place at 7 o'clock at the Hotel Fontenelle with functioning under their authority, Father Gannon said that its work Bishop Beckman, Mrs. Reilly, Dr. Lapp, Mrs. Mullen, Father Stenson, Grand is being carried forward by sincere, unselfish workers who keep the Knight Burke, of the K. of C., and Honorable James W. Woo.drough making spiritual motive always in mind. The wisdom of the Hierarchy in the responses. A vocal program was given by Miss Virginia Halpine and Miss Catherine Parks. directing the work, Father Gannon said, is very broad. While criti­ Reports of officers and committees were heard Tuesday morning. The 11 cism is inevitable, Council members must not be discouraged by slow Community Service Luncheon followed. Miss Laura Power, executive growth nor by the small number of workers. Perseverance, Father sec.retary, in presiding called the attention of the members of the conference Gannon maintained, was the secret of success. to the fact that one of the objects of the Council was to establish relations with The convention was opened by Pontifical High Mass celebrated at other civic and social agencies in the endeavor to aid in the solution of local social problems. Those who spoke at the luncheon were: Rev. James F. Borer, St. Cecelia's Cathedral with Right Reverend Francis Beckman, D.D., Diocesan Catholic Charities; Dr. Frank Conlin, president, Douglas County Bishop of Lincoln, pontificating. Medical Society; Mrs. Geo. "V. Doane, Associated Charities; Miss Sara Shanley, Speakers at the afternoon session were: Rev. J. H. Ostdiek, O.S.T., Christ Child Center, Mrs. D. J. Foley, Girl Scouts; Mrs. Katherine Melia, Civic diocesan superintendent of Catholic schools, who spoke on "The Welfare; and Miss Schaab, Creighton Medical Visiting Nurse. Present Condition of Catholic Education in Nebraska"; Sister Elaine, The convention chose the following officers: Miss Anna E. Hughes, of Battle Creek, reelected president; Mrs. Roy T. Byrne, as first vice-president; Mrs. O.S.F., of Norfolk, Nebraska, whose paper dealt with' "Purposes and P. J. Langdon of Gretna, second vice-president; Mrs. P. S. Heaton of Central Advantages of the Catholic High School"; and John A. Lapp, LL.D., City, retiring second vice'president, was chosen third vice·president; Mrs. J. E. co-director, N. C. W. C. Social Action Department.. whose address Hughes, Battle Creek, secretary; Miss Margaret McShane, Omaha, treasurer. dealt with the general appeal of charity and social welfare. The post of executive secretary will be filled later by appointment. July, 1927 N. C. \V. C. BULLETIN 17 An Accomplishment of the Detroit League of Catholic Women NE OF THE FINEST UNDER­ theirs-the advantage of Catholic environment, Catholic advice in the TAKINGS thus far sponsored ' by hour of need, and clean, wholesome recreation. And we will not O consider our task completed until every man and woman has been any Catholic women's organization given the privilege of contributing to this glorious work-the per­ is the Catholic \Vomen's Activities Build­ servation of Detroit's girlhood." ing and Residence Club for Girls, now As the accompanying picture shows, the Activities Building com­ nearing completion in Detroit, Michigan. prises six stories and exemplifies . the old Georgian style of archi­ This splendid, new six-story Catholic tecture. It is located on Parsons Street between Woodward and Cass A venues, with a frontage of 133 feet, a depth of 165, and an home and social center represents the area of 22,000 square feet. Two stone doorways effectively mark the realization of an ambition long entertained by MRS. E. A. SKAE Parsons Street entrances. The plan of the building has been well President the Detroit League of Catholic Women. studied by Smith, Hinchman & Grylls, the architects, and should meet The project took definite form on Decem­ the requirements outlined as club activities, dormitory facilities and ber 31, 1926, when Right Rev. Michael James Gallagher, Bishop of welfare work. Detroit, turned the first spadeful of sod on the site of the proposed The basement accommodates a large main dining room, a private building. Following the ceremony, Bishop Gallagher praised the zeal dining room for special functions, kitchen and store rooms, and a hair­ of the women of Detroit for the promotion of this outstanding work dressing parlor, laundry and welfare waiting room. of Catholic charity. On this occasion Bishop. Gallagher called upon The first floor is devoted to executive and social units, each wing the Catholics of the diocese to rally having an entrance lobby with offices. to the support of the building pro­ An additional' lobby, known as the gram of the League. "Activities Lobby," in the west wing The laying of the corner-stone serves as an approach to the second ceremonies took place on April 24, floor by way of a large staircase, as 1927, with Bishop Gallagher and a well as to the large first floor lounge large representation of the clergy by way of a gallery_ The large and laity participating. In the lounge, the gallery, activities lobby corner-stone of the club house is a and the east wing parlor open di­ copper box containing the names of rectly into the· court. 10,400 members of the League, The second floor features the large whose labor and sacrifice helped assembly room with a stage and the make the building possible. necessary dressing rooms. The Mrs. Edward A. Skae, president Chapel is likewise on this floor in of the League of Catholic Women, the east wing. Other important stated on this occasion: CATHOLIC WOMEN'S ACTIVITIES BUILDING AND RESI· second floor rooms are the commit­ "We are proud and happy to dedi­ DENCE CLUB FOR GIRLS, NOW NEARING COMPLETIO T tee rooms. In the west wing of the cate to the girls of Detroit this third floor are class rooms, while home, which will stand as a guardian angel, its wings outspread to in the east wing are social rooms in connection with the dormitories, protect and shelter all those who enter its portals. It is our hope n ~mely, a fine lounge, a games room, library and several guest rooms. that this building may be completed free from debt, so that our efforts The fourth and fifth floors are devoted entirely to dormitory rooms may be directed to the expansion of our program. This residenc~ with two large toilet rooms and a suite for the matron. club is only the first of many such clubs we hope to establish in our T . sixth floor is similar except that space has bee~ re erved for an city. In this home we aim to give our girls the heritage which i infirrr y.

FACTS TO BE KEPT IN MIND CONCERNING The Seventh Annual Convention of the National Council of Catholic Women

WILL BE HELD at the Hotel Mayflower, Washington, D. C., September 25-29, i927. THE USUAL preconvention meeting of diocesan presidents and representatives for the purpose of dis­ cussing problems of organization will be held on Saturday, September 24. EACH AFFILIATED ORGANIZATION is entitled to a voting delegate. HAVE YOU CHOSEN YOURS? Every Catholic woman is invited to be present and to take part in the discussions. THE CUSTOMARY FARE REDUCTION-round trip for a fare and a half-is being offered by the railroads. In some sections, parties are being formed with a view to making more convenient traveling arrangements. Information folders will be mailed upon request. REMEMBER THE DATES: September 25-29, 1927 Washington, D. C. 18 N. C. w. C. BULLETIN July, 1927

N. c. W. C. Social Action Department CHAIRMAN ITS FIELDS ARE: Rt. Rev. P. J. Muldoon, D.D. INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS Bishop of Rockford CITIZENSHIP SOCIAL WORK DIRECTORS RURAL WELFARE Rev. John 4. Ryan, D.D. John A. Lapp, LL.D. N. C. W. C. Headquarters 30 E. Ontario St. IN THESE FIELDS IT SERVES AS Washington, D. C. Chicago, Dl. ! I (1) A clearing house for Catholic social teaching; BUREAU OF RURAL LIFE (2) A bureau of information and standards; and Rev. Edwin V. O'Hara, LL.D. (3) An active organization to assist in establishing Eugene, Oreg. r civic, social and economic welfare.

The Church, Public Opinion and Industry By Rev. Francis J. Haas, Ph.D.

EDITOR'S NOTE: In this paper, which was read at the recent Des Moines meeting of the National Confere,nce of Social Work, Father Haas discusses the relative merits of the two great instruments for improving industrial cOltditions, namely, collective bar­ gaining and legislation,. He points out the major obstacles to adeq1tate collective bargaining, with special emphasis on the one hindrance of unfavorable pttblic opinion and sets forth for the benefit of Church leaders some concrete. suggestions to be fol­ lowed in correcting the false and pernicious attitttde of the gen eral 'public towards the working classes.

NE OF THE ASPECTS OF INDUS­ entire country. In addition, the average O TRIAL life that has received compara­ American has a deep-seated reluctance to sub­ tively little attention from the students mit to new governmental regulations on his of industry is the attitude of the American pub­ freedom of action. In view of these facts it lic toward the wage-earning population, and is not likely that regulatory laws for industry the effect of this attitude on the American can be passed in any large number in the near labor movement. This is a subject that can­ future, or, if passed, that they would be en­ not be adequately covered in the . brief space forced. JVloreover, this state of affairs is likely of twenty minutes, and all that this paper will to persist so long as our natural resources con­ attempt is a short analysis of the effects of tinue in their present abundance. Finally, dis­ adverse public opinion on the welfare of wage­ regarding the immediate obstacles to the adop-:­ earning groups. tion of an elaborate system of governmental regulation of industry, it is to be remembered REGULATORY LAWS' FOR INDUSTRY that the general welfare requires that the State REV. FRANCIS J. HAAS, PH.D. The instrumentalities for securing' adequate Of St. Francis Seminary and should not do for its subjects what they should income and proper working standards for .Marquette l{Vt:c~~~l;{. Milwaukee, do for themselves. Sound social policy dic- wage-earners can be narrowed down to two­ tates that the State intervene only after all collective bargaining and legal enactment. Let us take the private efforts have proved inadequate. It is only by adher­ second one first. It is perhaps conceivable that American ing to this principle that initiative, enterprise, and civic­ industries can be made to submit to minimum wage and mindedness can be preserved. maximum hour laws in the same way that English and European industries are made to submit to them. But in EFFECTS OF COLLECTIVE BARGAINING contemplating the possibility of a program of this kind cer­ The second instrument for securing proper living stand­ tain facts peculiar to our country must be kept in mind. ards for wage-earners is collective bargaining. By collective First, minimum wage laws for even such weak economic 1!>argaining is meant the joint adjustment of wage scales and groups as women workers are by judicial interpretation out working conditions by representatives of management and of harmony with the "freedom of contract' I clauses of our representatives of organized workers. In the industries Federal Constitution. Furthermore, the individual States where collective bargaining is practiced, in mining and print­ are loath to surrender sufficient power to the National Gov­ ing for instance, it is a purely private arrangement free from ernment to permit it to set up minimum standards for the governmental regulation. Approximately 20 per cent of the July, 1927 N. C. W. C. BULLETIN 19

26,000,000 wage-earners of the United States are organized plans have been encouraged and financed by industrial lead­ and enjoy the benefit of collective wage contracts. Inci­ ers with surprising rapidity. Thus the National Industrial dentally, these 20 per cent are for the most part the more Conference Board reports a growth of shop councils from highly skilled and better paid workers of industry. . . 225, representing 391,400 workers in 1919, to 814, represent­ This is not the time or place for an extended demonstra­ ing 1,177,037 workers in 1924. Similar progress has been tion of the justice of collective bargaining. It will be suffi­ made in the development of welfare systems of various types. cient to say that under modern conditions of massed capital In fifteen years the total amount of group insurance in force and centralized control of management the individual wage has grown to four billions of dollars covering between three contract lacks one of the ".first essentials of justice. Justice and four million workers. 1\10reover, nearly 400 companies req~ires that in negotiating a contract of any kind each party now maintain old-age pension systems, most of which have be free from undue compulsion to accept the terms offered grown up since 1915. Finally, approximately six million by the other. But undue compulsion is present in the aver­ workers in American industry own in the neighborhood of age wage agreement where the worker bargains individually one-half billion dollars worth of stock. with a corporation. The elementary requirement of justice Without stopping to appraise the social value of these plans, that the negotiation be approximately free on both sides has the general statement can be made that their establishment formed the central objective of every legitimate labor move­ necessarily retards the extension of collective bargaining. ment in Europe and the United States since the Industrial However, there exists another influence that is also highly Revolution. It would seem that there should be no need to operative, and one which has received 0I?-ly scant attention in defend the reasonableness of this demand. It is well worth proportion to its importance. This leads to the main thought pointin'g out, however, that anti-union leaders show an as­ with' which this paper is concerned. tonishing lack 0 f foresight in using their financial resources in keeping the ranks of labor disorganized. The ultimate ATTITUDE TOWARD LABOR UNIONS effect of anti-union activities can only be the establishment Even the casual observer has noticed that the labor move­ of the thing that anti-union leaders most dread, namely, ment suffers from a lack of prestige in the eyes of the. gen­ additional regulation of industry by the State. A moment's eral public. It is not saying too much to assert that, in the reflection will show why this is true. . Because of unrestricted minds of the upper middle classes and the professional and competition the individual wage contract results in low wages salaried groups generally, the labor union is something that and undesirable working conditions. These ultimately end needs to be apologized for as socially reprehensible, or at in the demand for greater regulation and supervision of in­ least not entirely respectable. The labor official is made to dustry by the State. The cycle runs its course. The more feel that he is not entitled to the same place in the public that labor organizations are aggressively opposed the more esteem as the attorney, for example, although when all is legislation will be extended. Thus democracy acts as the said and done their functions are essentially the same. Both clumsy balance wheel of justice. are paid spokesmen for others. Even university and high After these preliminary observations we may pass to a school instructors in economics who write or speak of labor consideration of the obstacles to the extension of collective problems impartially, to say nothing of those who frankly bargaining to the unorganized, who constitute about four­ e -press their sympathy for the aspirations of labor, lose caste fifths of the total number of the gainfully employed. Only i.. their own circles and in the estimation of the general the more prominent of these obstacles will be indicated and public. There can be little doubt that the quasi-stigma at­ a somewhat more extended treatment given to the one factor taching to the labor movement operates powerfully to keep which has been generally neglected in the discussion of labor large numbers of workers, both men and women, out of problems. union bodies. The extent of this influence may be measured by estimating the increase in union membership that would RETARDING INFLUENCE AT WORK result if there were to be a shift in public opinion, and affilia­ The outstanding fact with reference to the small percent­ tion with a labor union regarded as good form, like member­ age of organization among wage-earners is the large reserves ship in a parent-teachers' association or a business men's of concentrated capital at the disposal of the major indus­ dinner club. tries. Vast sums can be drawn upon and are drawn upon The causes of the aloofness of those who are not in the in various ways to prevent the spread of organization. The labor movement towards those who are readily suggest them­ cruder and coarser methods include the financing of under­ selves. Some of the causes are in the labor movement it­ cover men, card indexes and blacklists, and the maintenance self. Some are outside of it. The first of the causes within of propaganda bureaus, whose practices are at times un­ the labor movement is the fact that here or there corruption scrupulous and dishonest. Other methods include the cre­ is found in the management of union affairs. This is a mat­ ation of funds for legislation and litigation. ter that must be approached with caution in order to avoid Since 1914, however, there has been a marked tendency misunderstanding and injustice. It is to be remembered to spend reserves in a more beneficent direction. For ex­ that graft is always bipartite. There can be no graft taker ample, during the past decade shop committees and welfare without a graft giver. This, to be sure, is no justification 20 N. C. W. C. BULLETIN July~ 1927

for the corrupt union official, but the point to be emphasized is that pernicious attitude of the general public towards the working classes. the whole labor movement suffers .because of his dishonesty. An In the first place, the Church is entirely within her jurisdiction in ad­ analogy may be drawn from the administration of municipal govern­ dressing herself to this task. A humane and orderly system of in­ ment. No one would seriously maintain that the police system of dustrial relations cannot be established unless society frankly accepts a city should be abolished because some police officers are corrupt. two basic postulates, which are essentially ethical in character. They Nevertheless, the fact remains that every member of the city police are: First, that the person of the worker is of intrinsic worth, and, system is made to share in the disgrace brought upon the system by a secondly, that the requirements of objective justice have a prior few. In a similar way the ov'erwhelming number of upright and claim over the arrangements of the de facto justice set up by purely self-sacrificing officials of the American labor movement are un­ economic forces. But these postulates are empty forms unless one justly made to bear the reproach cast upon their work by the dis­ 2.ccepts the existence of the moral law and the law of conscience. honesty of a very small minority. The direct bearing of the moral law on the wage problem is obvious. A wage contract does not satisfy the demands of elemen­ -SUCCESSFUL ORGANIZATIONS ESTEEMED tary justice if its determination is left exclusively to the interplay of Again, it is to be observed that the labor movement is a fighting supply and demand in the labor market, regardless of the physical and movement, employing economic pressure as its principal weapon of moral. needs of the worker and his dependents. The physical and aggression. Now it may be true that the American public secretly moral needs of the worker and his dependents, however, rest in turn admires an aggressive group, but it reserves its admiration for the on the ground that they are needs of beings of intrinsic value, and aggressive group that is successful. This may be illustrated by con­ that these needs must be adequately satisfied if there is to be normal trasting the general esteem in which the strong Railroad Brotherhoods human development. These premises can be rejected only by those are held with the almost contemptuous pity that is meted out to "veak who refuse to admit that there is anything in man beyond the chemi­ groups like the textile operatives and the street railway men. Here cal atoms of his body. The Church therefore stands on the firm the old axiom is verified that nothing succeeds like success. It is ground that in working toward better industrial relations she is deal­ not difficult to understand, therefore, why the American labor move­ ing with matters entirely within her province. ment, with only one-fifth of the wage-earning class within its rank, does not command public- approval more than it does. Finally, and HONEST. STUDY OF FACTS NEEDED this is perhaps the most fundamental of all the causes under review, But the real difficulty arises in translating these principles into the labor movement embraces the weaker economic classes and those specific programs of action.' And it may be added that the difficulty of the humbler walks of life. From the first centuries of our era, in will remain a difficulty so long as religious leaders are unwilling to spite of the clear teachings of Christianity to the contrary, the more venture out beyond the safe enclosures of general principles. The successful and comfortably situated classes have evinced a greater or problems of industry are admittedly complex and technical. This less degree of snobbishness toward the less successful and those of circumstance doubtless makes the zealous religious leader resort to lower station. The pagan Roman concept of labor as something menial meaningless platitudes about industrial questions, or perhaps deters and beneath the dignity of the free citizen survives in modern society him from speaking about them at all. What is of prime necessity, in a false glorification of the white collar occupations and a corre­ therefore, is an honest, open-minded, and persistent study of the sponding aversion, if not contempt, for those who labor with their facts of our industrial life. This can be undertaken and carried on hands. This attitude has been extended from workers themselves to with the assistance of the national research bureaus of the various their activities for self-improvement, and organization has been re­ religious bodies. The Protestant clergyman can obtain reading courses tarded accordingly_ and valuable literature from the Department of Research and Educa­ tion of the Federal Council of the Churches of Christ at New York. ATTITUDE OF COURTS The Catholic priest can turn to the So.cial Action Department of the Among the causes outside the labor movement the first to demand • "ational Catholic Welfare Conference at Washington, for help in attention is the attitude of our courts toward the activities of labor working out a study plan, and for books and pamphlets in practically organizations. It is commonplace to say that the labor movement in every field of industry. He can also bring himself into personal the United States has been subjected to far more constitutional restric­ touch with the outstanding leaders of both capital and labor by tions than that of Great Britain. The Hitchman Coal case, the Duplex taking out membership in the Catholic Conference on Industrial Printing case, the Truax case, the Coronado case, and the recent Stone Problems and attending the national and regional conferences. Cutters' case upholdi~g the use of the injunction come to mind at How THE CLERGY MAY AID DnC1!. The effect of these decisions on public opinion has been to strengthen the popular conviction that the labor movement is something When the clergyman possesses a familiarity with the various aspects to be circumscribed in its activities because it is out of harmony with of industrial life he will be equipped to do his part in breaking down American ideas of justice. The consequent loss of prestige in the the many erroneous opinions now held regarding the labor movement. -popular mind · is evident. Moreover, he will be saved from making ill-advised or even unjust Another factor may be mentioned in passing. This is the anti­ allusions to labor organizations either in the pulpit or the public union propaganda quietly insinuated into the public mind through the press. His first-hand acquaintance with industrial questions and his -press. Both the editorial page and the news column are used for this appreciation of their importance will urge him to promote forums purpose, although it is quite probable that the carefully edited news and invite employers and labor officials to present their respective section is more effective than the outspoken pronouncements of the points of view. These are only some of the ways in which the editorial page. It may be conceded that the average metropolitan healthy public conviction can be created that the claims of labor are newspaper is forced to reflect the economic thinking of its reading deserving of respectful hearing and that the welfare of the wage­ -clientele and its advertisers. But it should not be forgotten that there earning classes is essential to the welfare of the entire community. is a large section of news readers who are not directly .identified with the economic policies of the paper. These persons are influenced by the news they read, and in turn play an important part in shaping DO YOU WANT to add to your income in a -public opinion. congenial and highly respectable occupation? PROBLEM ONE FOR THE CHURCH Apply to: The Universal Knowledge Founda­ It may now be permitted to offer one or two concrete suggestions tion, 19 Union Square, West, New York. to church leaders as to how they may aid in correcting the false and July, 1927 N. C. W. C. BULLETIN 21 Catholic Industrial Conference Hailed As Helpful Forum Detroit Meeting July 1 and 2, Attracts Labor and Industrial Leaders

HE CATHOLIC CONFERENCE on meeting will be James FitzGerald, executive Industrial Problems will open a two­ secretary, St. Vincent de Paul Society of Detroit. T On Saturday morning, the second day of the day session at the Statler Hotel, De­ Conference, a business meeting will be held at troit, Michigan, July 1-2. It will be the which President Frederick P. Kenkel will make fifth annual meeting. The first meeting was an address. Following the report of the secre­ held in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, in 1923, and tary there will be election of officers. was said to be "the first national meeting FATHER CUMMINGS TO SPEAK held in this country at which Catholic em­ Dr. John A. Ryan, co-director N. C. W. C. ployers, labor leaders and expert students of Social Action Department, will preside at the Catholic social teaching met together to dis­ afternoon session, July 2. The program will cuss industrial problems." consist of , a symposium on the case of an un­ Other annual meetings have been held in skilled worker. The "case" presented will be furnished by Rev. William A. Cummings, direc­ Pittsburgh, Chicago, and Cleveland. It was tor of Catholic Charities of the Archdiocese of at the Cleveland Conference that the Apos­ Chicago. Interesting discussions touching upon tolic blessing was conferred on the Confer­ the actual earnings of the unskilled in the basic ence through the following cablegram sent by FREDERICK P. KENKEL industries, the high wage theory of prosperity, President of the C. C. I. P., who will the various ways of supplementing the insufficient Cardinal Gasparri to Right Reverend J 0- have charge of the sessions of the 5th wages of the father of the family, family allow- seph Schrembs, Bishop of Cleveland: Annual Conference held at Detroit, July 1-2. ances and other points of view, will follow. "The Holy Father rejoices in the solemn com- Among those taking part in this discussion will memoration of Pope Leo's Encyclical on the Condition of Labor be the following widely known speakers: Miss Mary Waggaman, and he trusts that through it there will shine still more gloriously U. S. Bureau of Labor Statistics; Rev. William]. Engelen, S.]., in the field of social relations the immortal principles of the Gospel. Toledo, Ohio; Joseph Murphy, Buffalo, N. Y.; Prof. ]. E. Hagerty, He bestows with willing heart up'on yourself as its zealous patron Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio; Mr. Ernest F. DeBrul, as well as the organizers and those who attend the Catholic Con­ Manager, Machine Tool Builders Association, Cincinnatti, Ohio; ference on Industrial Problems, the Apostolic Blessing." Dr. John A. Lapp, director, Social Action Department, N. C. W. C. Carrying out its policy of holding regional meetings, two have Chicago, Ill.; Rev. F. J. Haas, Ph.D., Milwaukee, Wis.; Msgr. been heJd since the last national conference, one in the Middle Patrick R. Dunnigan, Flint, Michigan; Miss Louise McGuire, West at Springfield, Illinois, and another in the Middle Atlantic and Miss Clara Bradley, National Catholic School for Social Service. Region at Harrisburg, Pennsylvania. The whole range of industrial relations has been brought before ECONOMIC RADICALISM TO BE DISCUSSED these Conferences for discussion. Collective bargaining, wages, "American Economic Radicalism" will be the subject of a paper hours, arbitration and conciliation, child labor, women in in ustry presented at th~ closing meeting of the Conference by Rev. R. A. and the effect of the new industrialism 011 the family are only a McGowan, the secretary of the Conference. This paper will be few of the subjects that have been brought forward at tt ese discussed by Dr. George Derry, president of Marygrove College, meetings. Detroit; Judge Philip H. Donnelly, of Rochester, N. Y.; Edward F. A prominent employer recently remarked that the Catholic Cvl1- McGrady of the American Federation of Labor, and Rev. J. W. R. ference on Industrial Problems is a "necessary forum," that it is Maguire, C.S.V., St. Viator's College, Bourbonnais, Illinois. Rev. catching hold, and that each Conference seems to grow in interest Joseph Reiner, S.]., of Loyola University, will preside. and attendance. A labor leader pleaded for its growth because, as The Catholic Conference on Industrial Problems was formed he expressed it, "It is one of the most helpful institutions in the on the initiative of the Social Action Department of the Na­ country." tional Catholic Welfare Conference. Right Reverend Peter J. Muldoon, Bishop of Rockford, is its honorary president. David PROGRAM OF DETROIT MEETING I. McCabe, of Princeton University, was the first president of The Detroit meeting promises an interesting program which has the organization. At the annual meeting last year the officers just been announced by the secretary of the Conference as follows: elected were: President, Frederick P. Kenkel, director of the The subject of discussion at the opening meeting is "Cooperative Central Bureau of the Central Verein, St. Louis, Mo.; secretary­ Relationships in Industry." J. M. Larkin, assistant to the Presi­ treasurer, Rev. R. A. McGowan, assistant director, Social Action dent, Bethlehem Steel Corporation, and Charles F. Wills, circula­ Department National Catholic Welfare Conference; vice-presi­ tion manager, The Federationist, Chicago, will be the speakers. dents: Ernest F. BuBral, general manager, National Machine "The Machine Problem" will be the topic for discussion in the Tool Builders' Association, Cincinnatti, 0.; P. H. Callahan, presi­ afternoon, at which one of the speakers will be Rev. J. B. Culemans dent, Louisville Varnish Co., Louisville, Ky.; Agnes Nestor, of Moline, Illinois. He will tell of the "Social and Psychological secretary, Chicago Women's Trade Union League, Chicago, Ill.; Effect of the Machine on Worke~s and Industry." Other speakers Peter J. Conlon, vice-president, International Association of whose names will be announced later will discuss the subject. Machinists, WashingtOn, D. c.; Rev. Joseph Husslein, S.J., asso­ On Friday evening there will be a banquet at -which Quinn ciate editor, A1'rtl'rica, New York, N. Y.; Rev. Francis Haas, Ph.D., O'Brien, prominent attorney and Catholic layman of Chicago, will professor, St. Francis Seminary, St. Francis, Wis.; Anthony J. Beck, speak on the "Social Teachings of Ozanam" and Rev. William A. editor, Michigan Catholic, Detroit, Michigan; ex-officio member, Bolger, C.S.c., of Notre Dame University, will outline "A Con­ Executive Committee: David A. McCabe, professor, Princeton Uni­ .servative's Industrial Program." The Chairman at the banquet versity, Princeton, N . J. 22 N. C. W. C. BULLETIN July, 1927 Program of the Catholic Charities Conference, Los Angeles, September 4-5 HE NATIONAL CONFERENCE OF CATHOLIC for Unemployment"; Bernard J. Fagan, chief probation officer, Chil­ CHARITIES, existent since 1910, meets this year in dren's Court, New York City, "The Court and the Child in Need of T Special Care"; Rt. Rev. Francis Kelly, D.D., Bishop of Oklahoma, Los Angeles, September 4-8. is the purpose of the It "Problems of the Southwest"; and Rev. C. B. Moulinier, president, Conference to discuss and present' collectively modern move­ Catholic Hospital Association, "Health and Religion." The program ments in social work both within and outside its own partic­ of the general meetings of the Conference is still incomplete, but the ular field. Program Committee is endeavoring to secure a nationally known per­ The Conference as a national group brings together at its annual son for every general meeting. meeting intelligent: high-minded men and women to interpret justly In addition to the special meeting for priests there will be a special modern conditions and needs, to Point out the responsibilities as well meeting for religious engaged in Catholic child-caring work and an in­ as the rights of individuals to society and interpret the duties of so­ stitute for supervisors of diocesan organizations of Catholic charities. ciety to the individual. The Conference acts as a support, a direc­ A special meeting has also been arranged on "Immigrant Welfare tion and an encouragement to all the charitable works of a diocese. Work." At this meeting Rev. Edwin V. O'Hara, director, Rural Life Perhaps there is no diocese more replete with memories of pioneer Bureau, National Catholic Welfare Conference, Eugene, Oreg., will Catholic leadership than the Diocese of Los Angeles and San Diego, speak on "Vocational Schools." where the Conference meets in September . . A Franciscan priest, Entertainment plans of the Los Angeles Committee are most en­ Father J unipero Serra, in the sixteenth century established the first ticing. Delegates will be taken by motor to the old missions, shore nission in Southern California, which was later followed by a train resorts, over the snow-capped mountains, through the fruitful valleys of missions running as far north as San Francisco. It was 200 and to the motion picture studios. wayfarers from Old Mexico under the guidance of Father Junipero Serra who settled Los. Angeles in 1781.

BISHOP CANTWELL HOST In the Field of Labor and Industry The Diocese of Los Angeles and San Diego, comprising eight great By Linna E. Bresette counties of Southern California-Imperial, Orange, Riverside, San Bernardino, Santa Barbara, Ventura, San Diego, and Los Angeles­ has been administered since December 5, 1917, by Right Reverend Attorney General Dennis G. Brummit of North Carolina has John J. Cantwell, D.D., the generous host of the Conference. handed down an official opinion that the 1927 Child Labor Law The Catholic Welfare Bureau, of which Bishop Cantwell is the does not prohibit the employment of children between fourteen and supreme director, coordinates and supplements the Catholic social sixteen years for more than eight hours daily and forty-eight hours forces of the Diocese through its branch bureaus in the eight coun­ weekly, if they have completed the fourth grade of school. The ties. This bureau is rated one of the most outstanding diocesan chari­ Daily News of Greensboro is quoted as saying tithe natural conclusion table agencies from the point of view of the quality and extensions is that the purpose is to weaken and defeat the eight hour law." of its work. The Program Committee of the Conference has taken great pains to According to a report from the Massachusetts Department of arrange an interesting meeting. Labor and Industry, 11,000, or one-half of the representative office employees in the State, receive less than $25 a week salary. "FAMILY" TOPIC OF DISCUSSION Recognizing the need for further understanding between the work­ There have been 35,000 deaths in one year as a result of two and ers in the children's field and those in the family field, it has been a half million accidents causing the loss of approximately 22,700,000 _ arranged to hold a joint meeting of the Committee on Families and working hours and one billion dollars in wages. the Committee on Children on "The Breaking of the Family." The Conference wi!! give very special attention this year to the The Brotherhood of Painters is fighting the introduction of the religious case work being done by Catholic agencies and the extent spray guns into their industry because it is a menace to workers' to which case-records reveal the religious life of families. health. It takes the place of the brush and expedites the work. A program is being prepared for a special meeting of priests at which there will be two principal speakers, one representing the view­ . An employer in San Diego was recently fined $13,110 for violating point of the director of Catholic Charities and the other the viewpoint the eight hour law, for workers. One thousand, three hundred and of the pastor. . eleven violations were checked against him. "The Possibilities of the Parish as a Social Unit" will be discussed at the joint meeting of the Committee on Social and Economic Prob­ lems and the Committee on Neighborhood and Community Work. The National Child Labor Committee has just issued a new The Committee on Health has made a significant departure in pamphlet entitled "Fourteen Is Too Early." In the foreword the working out its program with the Pacific Coast section of the Catho­ following statement is found: lic Hospital Association, which meets with the Conference this yea'!". "Fourteen, as we interpret the data of psychological and educa­ The Committee 0'1 Protective Care, under the direction of Bernard tional research, is too early an age at which to allow children to J. Fagan, has fornlul_ted an interesting program. Among the topics take the important step of leaving school and entering employ­ to be treated are: "The Pendulum of Juvenile Individuality," "How ment. The facts are not all in, but they are sufficient to show that Far Should We Socialize Our Criminal Courts?" "Reducing Crime our obligation to childhood is not being met by existing require­ Through Legislation," and "The Future of the Juvenile Court." ments as to school attendance." Among the prominent speakers who have accepted invitations to speak at the general meetings of the Conference are: Rev. Dr. John The median weekly wage of all women covered in the survey by A. Ryan, Catholic University of America, who will speak on "Wages the Women's Bureau in stores, factories, and laundries in Dela­ and Living Standards Affecting Family Life"; Francis Foisey, Water­ ware was $11.05. This is the lowest median wage which has been front Employers' Ass

.. , ... , .... ---~= . - N. c. W. C. Depar.tment of Education CHAIRMAN ORGANIZED TO SERVE AS Most Rev. Austin Dowling, D.D. Archbishop of St. Paul I (1) A clearing house of information concerning Catholic EXECUTIVE SECRETARY education; Rev, James H. Ryan, D.D. (2) An advisory agency in the development of Catholic DIVISIONS r+ schools and the Catholic school system; Statistics and Information (3) A connecting agency between Catholic Education Teachers' Registration Section I activities and Government Education Agencies; Health Education Research Catholic Education (4) An active organization to safeguard the interests of Library r the Catholic school.

Progress in Child Health in Catholic Schools By Mary E. Spencer

EDITOR'S NOTE: America has 11'wde, tremendofts progress towards the goal of 1t11,iversal health. The school, the home, the church, and the cotntlllUnity-willing co-workers in the great offensive against disease-have made this signal advance, possible. Yet withOt,t the ftntiring efforts of the great army of health workers, directed by properly trained leaders, their work would have gone, for naught. In Miss Spencer's paper, read at the Foftrth Annual Meeting of the American Child Health Associa­ tion, Washington, D. C., May 10, 1927, we find the, first comprehensive survey of the far-reaching activities of those Catholic groups which are so effect,ively preaching the, gospel of health education in Catholic ,circles. It is here presented as a service feature of the Health Education Division of the N. C. W. C. Burea1' of Educati011,.

E WILL ALL SUBSCRIBE, I am more than likely all these schools can be interested W sure, to the belief that whatever is to 111 taking up the work. become a part of the fabric of a nation HEALTH DIVISION OF N. C. W. C. BUREAU must come through its schools. This is par­ The N. C. W. C. Bureau of Education has had ticularly true with regard to health work, and since 1923 a division whose sole work is to stimulate for this reason we emphasize our school health the interest of these schools in health activities. work. You will appreciate the importance of Manifestly because of the great size of our system, our school problem better if I make it more the N. C. W. C. cannot work directly in the schools except for demonstration purposes. How, then, does concrete. it reach the schools? Sometimes through other or­ According to figures taken from the D i­ ganizations which are working directly in our schools rectory of Catholic Colleges and Schools) there and at other times through the teachers, through are in this country 7,300 parochial schools in Catholic lay organizations and through the Catholic press. which there are upwards of 2,500,000 pupils, MISS MARY E. SPENCER The N. C. W.' C. Health Division carries on health taught by 55,000 teachers. In addition to these Health Education Specialist, N. work similar to that carried on by the private health C. W. C. Bureau of Educati!>n, grade schools there are over 2,200 high schools whose health articles are bemg organizations. It gives publicity to new movements syndicated under the title "Your with more than 200,000 students. Even a local Child's Health" in 44 Catholic in the health field, keeps our educator3 informed weekly newspapers i nth e of health education developments, prepares materials group of parochial schools may be a problem United States and Canada. for use in the parochial schools where health work in itself. When I say parochial schools, you is being carried on by our own or by some other or­ may be prone to think of your home town where there are ganization, and it attempts to train our sisters to carryon this work two or three parochial schools, which mayor may not be an in the Catholic schools. Its teacher training is carried on largely influential factor in community life. through the diocesan institutes or annual meetings of all the teachers The parochial school problem is better visualized in such of a diocese held under the direction of the diocesan superintendent of schools. Since 1923, such iilstitutes have been held in Boston, a diocese as Chicago, where there are 319 Catholic elemen­ Brooklyn, St. Louis, and Syracuse. During the coming year, similar tary schools and 77 Catholic high schools, with over 175,000 institutes will be held in Louisville, Providence, Hartford, and again children; or in Philadelphia where there are 243 elementary in Syracuse, Boston and Brooklyn. schools and 82 high schools, carrng for over 120,000 chil­ The Archdiocese of St. Louis holds annually a two-day institute at dren. In such a situation there are both difficulties and which well-known lecturers from various parts of the country bring new ideas and materials to several hundred teaching sisters. These in­ advantages. If we can interest the diocesan superintendent stitutes usually feature also an exhibit of health materials and aids in health work, the advantages are all on our side, since for health teaching. While Boston does not have an annual health 24 N. C. W. C. BULLETIN JulYJ 1927 institute, it has had health lectures yearly at its teachers' institute Similar work has been developed in St. Louis, and, in addition, milk since 1924. An N. C. "V. C. health worker has also gone to the stations have been opened in the parochial schools there by the motherhouses in various cities as far west as Minnesota. The interest Mothers' Clubs and the Council of Catholic Women. The work as of our colleges and teacher-training institutions has also been aroused carried on in this city exemplifies very well the development of a in the field, and the following schools have offered or are now offer­ Catholic school health program through the cooperation of many ing courses.in Health Education for 'sisters: The Catholic University, agencies. The work was originated by the local Tuberculosis Asso­ Washington, D. c.; Fordham University, New York City; Loyola ciation in 1921. They supplied the parochial school health worker University, New Orleans, La.; Creighton University, Omaha, Nebr.; who has worked in over 80 schools there. The nutrition program St. Louis University, St. Louis, Mo.; and Notre Dame University, was the joint work of the Tuberculosis Association and the St. Louis South Bend, Ind. University Medical School. A group of Catholic dentists have vol­ HOME COOP~RATION ESSENTIAL unteered their services for the dental program. They are known as the But school interest without 40me cooperation is futile. To secure Parochial Dental Welfare Association. The International the interest of Catholic parents in better health for their children and Federation of Catholic Alumnae has sponsored and financed a Sight especially in carrying out at home the health teaching of the school, Conservation Class for St. Louis parochial school children, while an open-air school was opened through the activity of the Diocesan health articles of interest to mothers and parents are syndicated weekly in forty-two diocesan Catholic papers in this country and in Council of Catholic Women. From year to year the work in St. two in Canada. For the same reason Catholic women's clubs and Louis expands and develops, which is the best evidence of a growing appreciation of its need and worth. This year the program has been members of the National Council of Catholic Women are urged t~ form health study clubs and material for the use of such groups is extended to the high schools, and a Catholic School Health Bureau prepared here at national headquarters by the Health Division. Thus to care for all Catholic school health work in St. Louis is under consideration. When the program is developed further so that it we hope to interest and educate the parents to their responsibility. will include a systematic course in physical education for all schools. With regard to the actual working out of the health program in St. Louis Catholic schools will exemplify a well-rounded school our schools, I can say that practically all our schools, especially tho .:;e health service. in and near the large cities, now have some form of medical inspec­ Still another typ~ of approach is seen in our Syracuse schools, tion. In many instances this supervision is contributed by the board where the work was undertaken by the Milbank Demonstration. It of health, as in New York, Boston and Philadelphia. In other in­ is our sincere hope that through the demonstration the-schools will be stances, it is paid for through parish assessment from a central Catho­ "sold" on the health idea and will incorporate into their program and lic education bureau, as in St. Paul and Minneapolis. In Portland, Oreg., the Archdiocesan' Council of Catholic Women finances the services the various phases of health work as carried on under the medical supervision and a dental clinic for parochial school children. demonstration. In New Orleans, a number of groups cooperate. The work was in­ EFFICIENT WORK OF ST. LOUIS UNIVERSITY troduced into the parochial schools. there on the suggestion and in­ To cite just one more type of school health work, this time from terest of the local Council of Catholic Women whose members bear part of the expenses. The physicians contribute their services and the college field, since there is a growing tendency on the part of the salaries of two nurses are paid by the community chest. Mem­ our colleges and universities to pay more attention to the health of bers of this women's organization care for the clerical work con­ their students through providing better health supervision and in­ nected with the examinations and weigh and measure the children. struction. One of the best examples here is St. Louis Univer s ity~ This work is carried on in both the white and colored schools. A an in titution with an enrollment of abQut 2,700 students. The "Stu­ city-wide' recreation program has been in the process of development dent Health Service" was established there about two years ago as a' in New Orleans for the past two years. This includes games, sports sub-department of the Department of Medicine. Its functions are and athletics for all school children. The work is in charge of a city briefly: (1) to give physical examinations to all new students in the' supervisor whose salary is paid jointly by the Associated Catholic university, (2) to give advice to students on all questions of health, Charities and the parochial schools. Some health instruction is given (3) to encourage healthful habits of living in so far as this is possi­ in the schools, and the next step for this city will be the introduction ble by personal contact with the students, (4) to follow those students. of a unified courst. in health instruction in all the grades. whose health has been found impaired, and (5) to supervise the hos­ pitalization of students. Other colleges, notably those for women, SAN FRANCISCo'S HEALTH PROGRAM are placing their dining.-rooms in charge of trained dietitians, ' and This piece of work just cited is typical of the way in which our d'ioc­ through daily provision of more healthful meals they are aiming to esan health programs develop. There are any number of similar educate their students to better food habits. cases where the health programs of the Catholic schools are in such These few instances are typical of the ever-growing appreciation a developmental state and where one or the other phase of health and actiyity of the Catholic schools in· various kinds of health pro­ work is being developed slowly but thoroughly. We encourage our grams. You will notice that much of this work has been due to the s'chools to start the work wherever local interest seems to center or activity of our lay groups such as the councils of Catholic Women with whatever kind of work seems to be in greatest demand. For the Parent-Teacher associations, and the Mother's clubs. These hav~ example, in San Francisco our schools have had for a number of years also sponsored other types of child health work as clinics for mothers adequate medical supervision. The next type of work developed there for infants and for well babies as well as the pre-school round u; was that in nutrition. It grew out of the discovery of the wide:;pread and other well-known national movements. The International Fed­ existence of malnutrition in the local schools. There are now 45 eration of Catholic Alumnae, which took a very active part in the parochial schools in San Francisco in which nutrition work is in­ St. Louis school program outlined above, is a nation-wide organiza­ tensively conducted. In 36 of these schools a teacher is subsidized tion of the alumnae of our Catholic schools, as its name indicates. to assume special charge of the underweight children. In the re­ Many of its members are volunteer workers in the health program maining six schools a full-time nutrition worker has charge of the outlined by this organization, which includes infant, pre-school and work. All underweight children are referred to these classes. Dur­ child health work. ing the year 1925, 3,868 children were under observation in 74 such RURAL LIFE B,UREAtr'S INTEREST classes. In addition to the traditional kinds of health work, San Francisco has made special provision for subnormal children, its One of the most interesting pieces of health work carried on under course having been planned under the direction of Dr. Thomas Catholic auspices is that carried on by the Catholic Rural Life Vernon Moore, our well-known psychiatrist. (Contin'f.ted on page 27) July, 1927 N. C. W. C. BULLETIN 25 Catholic Institutions of Higher Education XLIX. -Spring Hill College, Spring Hill, Alabama

PRING HILL COLLEGE enjoys the distinction of in number: Administration, Science, Infirmary, Chapel and S being one of the first institutions of higher education Residence Halls. established in the South. It was founded in the year Spring Hill offers four years of undergraduate instruc­ 1830 by the Rt. Rev. :Michael Portier, D.D., the first Bishop tion leading to the Degrees of Bachelor of Arts, Bachelor of Mobile. Six years later the Legislature of Alabama incor­ of Science and Bachelor of Commercial Science. porated it as a college with all the rights and privileges of a The courses leading to degrees embrace instruction in the university. In the year 1840, the Sovereign Pontiff, Departments of Philosophy, Sociology, Language, Litera­ Gregory XVI, empowered it to grant degrees in philosophy ture, History, Science and 'Mathematics. The aim of these and theology. courses is to give the student a complete liberal education, In 1847 the management of the College was entrusted to which will train and develop all the powers of the mind, and the Society of Jesus, whose members have since endeavored at the same time will not cultivate any faculty at the expense to make it a, center of libenil culture and education. On the of the others. The ideal of the College is not to foster spe­ night of February 4, 1869, the College was burned to the cialization but to cultivate the mind, to build thought and ground. It was immediately rebuilt and reopened the fol­ reasoning and give that breadth of view which must ever be lowing December. The year 1905 witnessed the celebration the foundation as well of more advanced scholarship as of of the Diamond Jubilee of the founding of the College. eminence in the professions or other stations of life. Four years later, on the morning of January 18, another Besides the courses leading to degrees there are given also devastating fire swept away the chapel and auditorium and two-year courses in Commercial ~;ubjects, ' Pre-Engineering, east wing of the main building. in which the college library Pre-Medical and Pre-Law work. These courses are designed was located. From this, as well as from the former disaster, for students who are unable to spend four years in a regular recovery was almost immediate. The east wing was restored Arts and Science course. and a magnificent Gothic chapel was erected. Spring Hill College is fully accredited by the State of The work of the College, begun almost a century ago, was Alabama, is a member of the Southern Association of Col­ not interrupted. During the course of its existence, it has leges and The Association of American Colleges. It is sent forth hundreds of students who have achieved promi­ recognized by the Board of Regents of the State of New nence in professional and business circles in the South. York and by the Catholic Educational Association. The College is picturesquely situated on an elevation .50 Though its centenary year is not far distant, it has not feet above sea level in Mobile's most beautiful residence dis­ hesitated to embrace the best findings of modern educational trict. Fro'111 the Bay of Mobile and from the 'Gulf I)f methods. All forms of extra curricular activities which do Mexico it enjoys a con­ not impede progress in stantly refreshihg study are encouraged. breeze which renders Ph y sic a I instructors·, its location both agree­ athletic coaches and able and healthy. trainers are supplied Owing to its altitude for football, basketball, and the invigorating in­ baseball, track and box­ fluence of its resinous ing. There are literary pines upon the sur­ socIetIes, d' e bat i n g rounding atmosphere it clubs, scientific acad­ holds one of the best emIes, dramatic and records for health in musical organizations. the country. The present faculty, Spring Hill owns with Rev. Joseph M. about 700 a.cres of land. Walsh, S. J., as presi­ Part 0 f this is devoted dent, consists of twenty to farming, part to the Jesuit and five lay pro­ raising of timber, while fessors. Distinguished the remainder affords doctors and business ample room for build­ men lecture at regular ings and athletic fields. intervals to the students The buildings are seven VIEW OF MAIN BUILDINGS, SPRING HILL COLLEGE, SPRING HILL, ALA. in Biology and Finance. 26 N. C. W. C. BULLETIN July~ 1927 L-College of Saint Scholastica, Duluth, Minnesota IGHER EDUCATION is the traditional work of the more ideal place for a college campus could have been selected. The Benedictine Nun. It is trne that this great Order site is a rolling hillside overlooking Lake Superior. A wealth of native H pine and maple spreads out on all sides. The splendid expanse of water, reaches out a helping hand to all in need. Its work the fine view of the city with its busy harbor. the remoteness from dis­ ranges from the training of the subnormal child, which tractions-all combine to make the location ideal. But while the exten­ is the latest work taken over by the Benedictine Sisters of sive campus assures privacy, street cars pass in front of the campus, Duluth, to providing for persons in the slow, creeping thus making it possible to reach the heart of the city in ten minutes. years of declin·e the res.t and . opportunities for spiritual The buildings are constructed of native stone-blue-trap with Bed­ ford stone trim. The style of architecture is Tudor-Renaissance. The rejuvenation which are so often sadly needed after the main building, divided into four sections, has a frontage of 384 feet strenuous years of active life. Yet, with all this other and a maximum depth of 297 feet. The wide courts assure efficient work, comes the constant, insistent urge to keep up the light and ventilation. The gymnasium and auditorium ·,.,ere completed traditional ideal-that of providing higher educational in 1921 and are complete and modern in every way. College Hall, opportunities. which will be ready early in the year, has a frontage of 197 feet. It provides a library and an administrative wing, three floors for lecture In response to this insistent urge, the Colleg-e of Saint and laboratory purposes and two floors capable of housing one Scholastica was founded. The building up of .a standard hundred and two boarders. college in the Middle West, in a sparsely settled diocese The College is accredited to the University of Minnesota. Major with a Catholic population of approximately only one in sequences leading to the A.B. rlegree are offered in English, History fi ve, has been both strenuous and interesting. It has been and Sociology, Latin, Botany·, Psychology and Education. With the opening of the fall quarter, three additional major sequences will be strenuous in that, for reasons avoidable and unavoidable, offered in the senior college. These are Romance Languages, Chem- there have been delays; interesting, in that there were diffi­ istry, and Home Economics. _ culties to be overcome. Yet, despite these, confidence of The College is under the direction of Right Reverend Thomas A. final success was always dominant in the minds of the Welch, Bishop of Duluth. The faculty is perhaps as cosmopolitan persons who were guiding the destiny of the infant col­ as could be found. It has been the aim of the college authorities to have the Sisters who were to form the nucleus of the future col1ege lege. The two persons who were most active in pushing secure their graduate work wherever training facilities were best. forward this work have passed beyond. These are the Two priests, in religion and philosophy, four lay instructors, and a Right Reverend James McGolrick, first Bishop of Duluth, group of Benedictine Sisters comprise the faculty. Three instructors and Mother Scholastica Kerst, first Provincial of the hold the Doctor's degree, one from the Catholic University of Duluth foundation. Both possessed high ideals, noble America, one from Rome, and one from the University of Chicago. The other instructors all hold Master's degrees, three from the vision, and marked avidity for spreading religious higher Catholic University, three from Columbia University, three from the education. This was in large measure due to their personal University of Chicago, and three from the University of Minnesota. passion for study and their fine appreciation of its rewards Among the outstanding contributions made to the furtherance of to the individual and to the · society which the educated Catr.olic educational endeavor by the College is "The Duluth Survey," a Catholic should serve. It is the pleasant task of those who survey of the grade children in the diocese made by the instructors in follow in their path to endeavor to carry out the plans the department of education. The aim of the College of St. Scholastica is the development of the true woman, the woman who is modest but which these two pioneers blocked out in such bold and forceful; the woman of keen and true perception; the woman with fine snre outlines, to pres:" on towards the goal and complete appreciation of the good, the true, the beautiful; the woman who has the work begun so joy in her work; the auspiciously amidst woman who realizes innumerable difficul­ that life is a gift ties. not to be squandered The College .of but spent usefully; Saint Scholastica, the woman whose like all similar insti­ emotional life is tutions in the Middle well under control; West, is an out­ above all, the woman growth of an acad­ with a reverent sense emy. It was opened of duty towards God, in 1911. The down­ her neighbor, and town site upon which herself. In the carry­ the academy stood ing out of this aim, was considered in­ not instruction and adequate and in 1905 broad reading alone a tract of 160 acres are relied upon, but of land in the sub­ training through the urb of Kenwood was careful ordering of purchased. Upon this the whole college site, as planned, a life of the student, future college was religious, social and to rise. Perhaps no COLLEGE HALL, COLLEGE OF ST. SCHOLASTICA, DULUTH, MINNESOTA athletic. 27 July, 1927 N. C. W. C. BULLETIN Catholic Summer Schools in 1927

HE 1926 SURVEY OF CATHOLIC SCHOOLS conducted' by the N. C. W. C. Bureau of Education showed that there were at that 7 ' d 33 '11 ges offering courses during the summer months. There were 16,943 students enrolled, of whom bme. 2 men s an women s co e . 'S expected that during 1927 there will be over 20,000 students enrolled. A survey has Just been T 1 936 were men and 15 ,007 women. It I . . . th f I , d b h B t determine the number of schools which are to conduct summer seSSIons thIS year. As a result of this study e 0- conducte, . y t e ureau '10 d Th 't't t' hl'ch do not enroll members of reltglOus. . orders oth er t h an t h'elr own are m'd' lcat ed b y an as- lowmg ltst has been campI e . ose 111S 1 U lOllS W • 1 , . '. th I' t 'II' g to care for members of all religious orders and 111 some cases for lay teachers a so. terisk The other 111stltubons on e IS are WI 111 , . . d 'f t' I cured on the courses offered degrees granted, the dates of openmg and closmg, and the costs Through the stu y 111 orma Ion was a so se , . . .' Th h . h t ecure more detailed information should commumcate WIth the N. C. W. C. Bureau of for board, room an d tUltton. ose w 0 WIS 0 s Education. The following is the list classified by states. St. Francis Xavier Academy, Vicksburg, Miss. *Mt. St. Mary's College, LooS Angeles, Calif. St. Teresa College, Kansas City, Moo. Loretto Heights College, Denver, Colo. "Nootre Dame Junior College, St. Loui's, Mo. • St. Augustine's Noormal School, West Hartford, Conn. St. Louis University, St. Louis, Mo. The Catholic Sisters' College, Washington, D. C. The Creighton University, Omaha, Nebr. *Ursuline Academy, Alton, TIl. "St. Joseph's Normal School, Metuchen, N. J. *St. Viator College, Bourbonnais, Ill. "Ocean Rest, Ocean City, N. J. De Paul University, Chicago, TIL St. Bonaventure's College, Allegany, N. Y. *Felician College, Chicago, m. Loyola University, Chicago, TIl. Canisius College, Buffalo, N. Y. St. Xavier College fool' \Vomen, Chicago, nl. Turner High School, Buffalo, N. Y. *St. Procopius College, Lisle, Ill. College of the Sacred Heart, Manhattanville, New York, N. Y. Rosary College, River Forest, III. College of NllW Rochelle, New Rochelle, N. Y. "St. Mary's College, Notre Dame, Ind. Fordham University, New York, N. Y. University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Ind. Diocesan Summer School, Plattsburg, N. Y. *St. Francis Normal School, Oldenburg, Ind. "Marymount College, Tarrytown, N. Y. "St. Mary·of.the· Woods College, St. Mary·of-the· Woods, Ind. St. Xavier College, Cincinnati, Ohio. Columbia College, Dubuque, Iowa. John Carroll University, Cleveland, Ohioo. Mt. St. Joseph's College, Dubuque, Ioowa. University of Dayton, Dayton, Ohio. St. Benedict's College, Atchison, Kansas. *Mt. St. Jooseph College and Academy, Mt. St. Jooseph, Ohio. Nazareth College, Louisville, Ky. St. Aloysius Noormal Training School, New Lexington, Ohioo. Sacred Heart Junior College and Normal School, Louisville, Ky. Marylhurst Normal Sohool, Oswego, Oreg. "Nazareth Junioor College, Na2areth, Ky. *Proovinoialate High School, Sylvania, Ohio. Loyola University, New Orleans, La. Teachers' Coollege of St. John's University, Tooledo, Ohio. "Mt. Menci Aoademy, Waterville, Me. Seton Hill College, Greensburg, Pa. "Mt. St. Joseph College High School, Baltimore, Md. St. Francis College, Lorettoo, Pa. ·St. Joseph's College, Emmitsburg, Md. *Mt. St. Joseph's, College, Philadelphia, Pa. *Mt. St. Agnes School, Mt. Washington, Md. Roosemoont College, Rosemont, Pa. • Emmanuel College, Boston, Mass. Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, Pa . Boston College, Newton, Mass. Marywood College, Scranton, Pa. University of Detroit, Detroit, Mich. St. Thomas CoUege, Scranton, Pa. "Mt. Mercy Academy, Grand Rapids, Mich. Villanoova College, ViltanOV'a, Pa. *St. Mary College and Academy, Monroe, Mich, Providence College, Proovidence, R. I. Nazareth College, Na2arcth, Mich. St. Edward's UniverSJity Preparatory School, Austin, Texas. "Good Counsel Academy, Mankato, Minn. Incarnate Word College, San Antonio, Texas. College of St. Benedict, St. Joseph, Minn. Our Lady of the Lake College, San Antonio, Texas. Coollege of St. Thomas, St. Paul, Minn. *St. Agnes Convent, Fond du Lac, Wis. The College of St. Catherine, St. Paul, Minn. Marquette University, Milwaukee, Wis. College of St. Teresa, Winona, Minn. *Holy Family Convent, Manitowoc, Wis.

Progress in Chil<:i Health (Continued from page 24) Bureau in the Rural Religious Vacation Schools. Such vacation cates of school health work, and in some instances they have created schools have been established in the last five years in twenty dioceses the demand for it or have inaugurated it. In their own particular in the United States, and thousands of boys and girls attend them field they have consistently demanded higher health standards in the daily during the months of June and July. While they have been various charitable institutions and training schools. As a result com­ established primarily for religious instruction, their daily program plete physical examinations and mental tests for admission are the includes a period for health instruction and a period for recreation. general rule. The inmates are vaccinated against smallpox and There is also a growing tendency on the part of our social service typhoid, and the Schick test and toxin anti-toxin treatment are given. and associated charity organizations to give more attention to child Routine ex,!-minations are the standard toward which they are work­ health in their programs. A recent social survey of the Brooklyn ing, and in many institutions clinics are held regularly for the cor­ Diocese carried on by our Social Action Department, and a similar rection of defects. This tendency of the bureaus of charities to one of the Newark Diocese, included an investigation of children in give more and more attention to the health of their charges is well parochial schools in need of special care and of the parochial schools' summed up in a recent article by the national director of Catholic use of community facilities for the assistance of such children. In Charities, Rev. John O'Grady, Ph.D., who calls on the institutions the recommendations of the survey the part dealing with child-caring to recognize the need for a modern health program for their chil­ institutions and boarding homes recommends physical and mental dren. He insists on the thorough preliminary medical examination examinations, adequate recreation and better supervision of diets for and subsequent yearly examinations with provisions for remedying all children. This is typical of the importance our social agencies are the defects found. He also stresses the need for an organized rec­ attaching to the consideration of the health of the child. reational program and the employment of recreational leaders. The directors of the various bureaus of Catholic charities, realizing These instances, while far from being inclusive, are typical and will, that any measures which will help to red~ce illness and dependence I trust, give you a cross-section of Catholic activities in the modern will aid in the solution of their problems, have been earnest advo- child health movement. 28 N. C. Vv. C. BULLETIN July, 1927

National Council Catholic Men Chairman: RT. REV. JOSEPH SCHREMBS, D.D. OFFICERS AND MEMBERS EXECUTIVE MEMBERS EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE 1 COMMITTEE I Martin Conboy Walter T. johnson, President Archdiocese of New York Archdiocese of Cincinnati· + John J. Murray - joseph M. Tally, Vice-President I Diocese of Cleveland Diocese of Providence Charles I. Denechaud james E. Deery, Secretary + Archdiocese of New Orleans Diocese of Indianapolis I Charles L. Korz Francis Lowther, Treasurer Diocese of Newark Archdiocese of St. Louis + Joseph H. Reiman Admir.al W. S. Benson, Archdiocese of Baltimore I Diocese of Pittsburgh Richmond Dean, Archdiocese of Chicago Charles F. Dolle Michael B. Hurley, Archdiocese of St. Paul Archdiocese of Cincinnati Michael J. Slattery, Archdiocese of Philadelphia Thomas P. Flynn, Archdiocese of Chicago I Executive Secretary: Charles F. Dolle ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ The International Congress of Catholic Young Men's Associations at Lourdes, September 16-18 By Rev. Edward F. Garesche, S. J. HAVE BEEN ASKED TO GIVE a brief account for Congress of the Catholic Young Men's Association of Hol­ I the readers of the BULLETIN of the Fifth International land. A very interesting program was prepared and there Congress of Catholic Young ' Men which will be held at were exhibits of various activities interesting to Catholic Lourdes from the 16th to the 18th of September of this young folk. An athletic exhibition was a feature of the year. Since it is hoped that a representative group of convention. Last year, the fourth Congress of Catholic Catholic young men from the United States will attend this youth of the world was held during the Holy Year, at Congress and since young men's societies are invited to send Rome, and·a delegation of young men from the United delegates, the subject, we trust, will be an interesting and States participated in the program. About five thousand t,imely one. The pilgrimage is under the direction of the delegates were present from all over the world, and they International Secretariate of Catholic Youth at Rome which were received by the Holy Father in special audience at was organized some seven years ago while the present writer the Vatican. It was indeed a splendid sight to see the happened to be in the Eternal City. For some time it had throngs of Catholic youth from so many nations, kneeling been planned to ~stablish a bond of union among the Catho­ to receive the blessing of the Holy Father, and hearing lic youtl~ of the world, 'and representatives of about fi fteen his words of greeting and benediction. The young men nations gathered at Rome on this occasion also received the special favor of gaining to take steps for the formation of such a the indulgences of the Jubilee by making union. It was t~ought best to begin with one tour of the four basilicas, with two an International Secretariate, and accord­ visits to each, one after the other. Dur­ ingly it was voted to establish this Sec­ ing the proceedings of the Congress, the retariate at Rome, the center of the Chris­ discussions were carried on by delegates tian world. Addresses were given in the from twenty-eight different nations or various languages of those present, and a national groups. The proceedings of the number of interesting ideas were contributed Congress were followed by a dinner given as to the functioning of the Secretariate. It to the foreign delegates by the Catholic was decided to have annual conventions of Young Men's Association of Italy, and a delegates from Catholic young men's asso­ number of interesting speeches were made. ciations all over the world, to discuss the in­ It was edifying to see the devotion with terests and activities of Catholic youth, and. which the young men went through the re­ to bring about a better understanding among ligious ceremonies of the Congress, and the Catholic young folk throughout the world. REV. E. F. GARESCHE, S.]. fervor and loyalty which they manifested to- Who will head the American delega- ward the Holy Father. The second Congress was held at The tion to the Lourdes meeting of the Hague in Holland, in conjunction with the Intem~~:; M~gA!!oci~:ions~4tho)ic This year the International Commission July, 1927 N. C. W. C. BULLETIN 29

chose as the place at the hospitals and of the Congress the of stretcher bearers holy shrine of Lour­ to carry the sick des, one of the most when they arrive. beautiful and devo­ The president a f tional spots in the t his committee is Christian w 0 rId. Monsieur Antonin The pilgrims will Bousquet, Galeries thus be able to pay Catholiques, 72 rue their devotions a t de la Grotte, Lour­ the shrine of the des, France. Blessed Virgin, and In order to en­ at the same time to courage as many as confer with the p 0 s sib I e of our you n g people 0 f Catholic young peo­ other nations con­ ple to attend the cerning the activi­ Congress a special ties of Cat h a Ii c pilgrimage has been young folks. organized at the re­ The devotional ex­ quest of the Inter­ ercises begin on the national Secretari­ 16th with Mass and ate 0 f Catholic Communion at the Young Men's Asso­ Basilica. Then, a t FAMOUS BASILICA AT LOURDES, FRANCE, WHERE THE DEVOTIONAL EXERCISES OF ciations. The pil­ ten o'clock in the THE INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS OF CATHOLIC YOUNG MEN'S ASSOCIATIONS WILL grimage will leave morning, a High TAKE PLACE New York on the Mass will be cele- Leviathan o'n the brated. At two o'clock in the aftern90n the various nationalities 20th of August and will return again on the same boat, reaching will assemble in groups to hear sermons, to make the Way of the N:w York on the 26th of September. The itinerary of the pil­ Cross, to sing hymns at the Grotto and to say the beads. At four gnmage has been carefully prepared, and after landing at Cher­ o'clock in the afternoon there will be a procession of the Blessed bourg the pilgrims will go to Lisieux in a special train (in case Sacrament in the great space before the Basilica and at eight o'clock th.e pilgrimage numbers two hundred or more). · The pilgrimage in the evening will occur one of those beautiful torch light proces­ wIll then go to Paris, Geneva, Milan, Venice, Florence, Assisi, sions for which Lourdes is so famous. Rome, Genoa, Nice, Nimes, Lourdes and Caen, leaving Cherbourg On Saturday, the 17th of September, at ten o'clock in the morning on the Leviathan, on September 20 and arriving in N ew York and again at two o'clock in the afternoon the delegates to the Con­ September 26. gress will assemble at Pau, a city near Lourdes, to discuss the gen­ eral topic of the "Apostolate of the Working Man" which forms the CATHOLIC YOUNG WOMEN ALSO WELCOME chief subject for discussion at this Congress. It is necessary to as­ Not only young men, but Catholic men and women in general semble at Pau because there is no hall at Lourdes large enough to are welcome to accompany the pilgrimage, al~hough it is specially contain all those who are expected to: attend. This subj ect will be desired to have a large group of young men. Those who wish divided into four topics which will be discussed in order. [Q make reservation for the pilgrimage are asked to write to the Travel Adventures, 316 Pennsylvania Building, Philadelphia Penn- Loss OF RELIGION AMONG WORKERS sylvania, and obtain fuller information. ' The first topic' is the loss of religion among working men, its causes and its manifestations. In some of the countries of Europe this subject is of critical interest at the present time. The second topic is the discussion of what the various Catholic Young Men's A New N. C. W. C. Pamphlet­ Associations have already done for the Apostolate of the Working Man, the methods they have employed, the obstacles they have encountered and the results they have obtained. The third topic "HUMAN STERILIZATION" assigned is, the ideal that the Catholic religion offers to the work­ I. The Moral Aspect ing man; and the forth topic, the realization of this ideal both through the efforts of the International Secretariate of Catholic II. The Constitutional Aspect Young Men at Rome and by those of each individual association. By REV. JOHN A. RYAN, D.D. On Sunday, the 18th of September, will occur the closing exer­ cises of the Congress. At ten o'clock in the morning, at the great place outside the Basilica, there will be a reunion in many tongues. An enlightening treatise on a much-discussed Each nation will celebrate in its own language the praises of Mary. question which should have a widespread cir­ On Monday, the 19th, the pilgrims will be enabled to make excur­ sions in the Pryenees, the beautiful mountains which surrround culation-I6 pages. Price, 5 cents Lourdes, and they will then disperse to their own nation"s, full of Address Orders to fervor and happy memories. Those who have direction of the pilgrims while at Lourdes an­ N.C.W.C. HEADQUARTERS nounce that they may bring the sick with them to Lourdes, but 1312 Massachusetts Avenue Washington, D. C. they should notify the president of the local committee long enough beforehand tGl enable the comm:ttee to make reservations of beds 30 N. C. W. C. BULLETIN JulY7 1927

By N. C. C. M. EXECUTIVE SECRETARY'S PAGE: CHARLES F. DOLLE

THE VIRGINIA STERILIZATION CASE thority to permit a State to legislate a work, the devotion displayed by the great THE ATTORNEY FOR CARRIE physical standard and impose sterilization number of delegates present, representing BUCK, inmate of the Virginia State upon those of its citizens afflicted with he­ twenty-seven dioceses, and the high ideals Colony for Epileptics and Feebleminded, in reditary defects who do not measure up which our organization is fostering. whose case the United States · Supreme to it· and are, therefore, the potential A change in the constitution, effected at Court recently rendered a decision uphold­ parents of socially inadequate offspring. the last annual meeting now provides that ing the Virginia sterilization statute, has every parish unit and local group may send asked the Court t6 review its decision. A CONFLICT IN DECISION delegates with power to participate in all petition for rehearing was filed on June 10. The petition for re-hearing then shows deliberations of the convention and vote This keeps the case before the Court for that the present decision of the Court is in upon all matters brought before it. Here­ further consideration when it reconvenes. conflict with decisions previously rendered tofore delegates with voting power have Conceding that whenever the welfare of by the same Court interpreting statutes in­ been limited to representatives of national, its citizens is seriously threatened the volving similar principles and quotes at state and diocesan organizations. At the State may be justified in adopting compul­ length from these to show that the con­ next convention, therefore, every person sory means other than segregation to pre­ clusion reached by the Court in the pres­ attending in the capacity of delegate will vent the procreation of mentally defective ent case cannot be reconciled with its for­ be assured a voice in the deliberations of offspring, the petition for re-hearing in­ mer decisions which it does not purport the convention and a . full part in all its sists that the State has no power to enact to overrule. proceedings. It is hoped that specific an­ such a law in the absence of an emergency It next points out that the statute is ad­ nouncement of the date and place for hold­ threatening the welfare of all. It insists mittedly based upon speculative conclusions ing it can be made with the next issue of that the . provisions of the Federal Con­ and comes within the realm of legalized the BULLETIN. stitution respecting the right of every citi­ experiment in sociology which has been zen to life and liberty embrace the right condemned by the same Court. In an of the citizen to be free in the enjoyment earlier case, Truax v. Corrigan, the Court, GROWTH AND INTEREST of all -of his faculties and to use them in speaking through Chief Justice Taft, said CONTINUE all lawful ways~ and that the Supreme that a classification cannot be upheld as a Court has so held in earlier cases. legalized experiment in sociology and that THE NATIONAL ORGANIZATION The 'Petition then recites that in its de­ the very purpose of the Constitution was has continued to hold the interest of its cision in the present case the Court has to prevent experimentation with the fun­ membership groups, and has added to its given a much wider application to the case damental rights of the individual. numbers during the past year. Due to of J Cl,cobson v. Massachusetts than that to Justice Holmes, who wrote the opinion readjustments in the form of some of the which it was expressly limited. In that on the Buck case, disagreed with his col­ diocesan organizations, particularly at case the Court held only that the State may leagues in Truax v Corrigan. In that case Cincinnati, it appeared for a time that the under pressure of great dangers impose re­ he favored the right of the State to enact rate of progress reported last year might strictions upon the individual in respect to legislation in the nature of social experi­ not be maintained this year. However, re­ his liberties, and that these restrictions ment, when desired by an important part of newal of memberships and affiliations may be enforced by such reasonable regula­ the community. The decision in the Buck have been received in gratifying numbers, tions as the safety of the general public case would indicate that he has won the and our roll of membership groups is may (h;manu. The pctiliol1 then pt)ints out cuncurring members of the Court to his sten.dily growing. that ncith r in the Act it!':t>1f or tht> "(>('ord , vi ws and op n d the way for the enactment Of otlh,lr.ncling tmport:\\1c(> ie; the prog­ of the case are emergencies or dangers to of all kinds of legislation of this nature. ress in the reconstruction of the Cincin­ the public welfare shown which would The decision in this case is of even greater nati Archdiocesan Council. At the direc­ justify the State of Virginia in demanding importance than it seemed, at first, to be. tion of His Grace, Archbishop McNicholas, of certain classes of its citizens the sacri­ there has been a distinct change made in fices which the statute exacts of thein. On the form of the local organization. In the contrary, the petition shows that the that diocese parish units are now being PREPARING FOR CONVENTION Act is based upon purely speculative con­ made up of representatives of all of the clusions and so declares. pREPARATIONS ARE BEING MADE local parish societies. Upon prescribing Counsel in his petition for are-hearing for the Seventh Annual Convention the form of the reconstructed organization also asks the Court to inquire to what dis­ which will be held this year, as it was last in his archdiocese, His Grace directed that tance and in what direction the departure year, in October. At the Cleveland con­ all parish councils must become part of the from familiar standards which the Vir­ vention, the date and place for holding our Diocesan Council, but left affiliation with ginia Act provides may lead us, and what next annual meeting was left for determi­ the national body optional with them. As precedents may be established by the Court nation by the Executive Board. The Board an evidence of the interest which the local by maintaining the power claimed by the now is considering ·plans for what it hopes parishes have displayed in the work of State which may be cited hereafter as au­ will be the most successful annual meeting the national organization and of their ap­ thority for further legislation of wider ever held in the history of the organiza­ preciation of the service which it is ren­ scope and more extended character. tion. A city centrally located will prob­ dering, 45 parish councils have renewed If the decision in the Buck case correctly ably be selected. their affiliations with the national body in interprets the right of a State to determine The Cleveland convention attracted at­ the perio@ between April 15 and June 15 the quality of its own citizens in respect tention throughout the country because of this year, and more are being received to their mental standards, it is equal au- the serious nature and importance of its constantly as their renewal dates arrive. July} 1927 N. C. W. C. BULLETIN 31 Fifth Annual Catholic Rural Life Conference, Hotel Olds, Lansing, Mich. August 3-4, ·1927

HE CATHOLIC RURAL LIFE CONFERENCE joins with Thursday, August 4 the American Country Life Association an4 the International Morning, 9.30-Catholic Session: T Country Life Association in preparing a program on the prob­ Papers: lems of rural life to be held at East Lansing, Michigan, during the "The Consolidated Rural Parish; Experience in the Diocese first week of August of this year. All three organizations are co­ of Little Rock," Rev. J os. A. Pobleschek, Conway, Ariz. operating to make it a memorable week. The Catholic Rural Life "Rural Leadership and Character Formation," Rev. M. B. Conference was organized five years ago at St. Louis in connection Schiltz. with a meeting of the American Country Life Association and has "Agricultural College of Notre Dame University," Mr. held its annual meetings independently since that date. This year Hayward. the two groups again meet jointly at the invitation of the Interna­ "Parish Credit Unions," by Rev. J. M. Campbell and Rev. tional Country Life Association which is holding its meeting in the W. P. McDermott. U nited State~ this year for the first time. Representatives from 12.00 Noon- various foreign countries will be present, in several cases representing Luncheon for foreign guests and delegates. Catholic rural societies in Europe with which Father O'Hara estab­ lished contact a year ago. Evening- While the Catholic Conference will enter into the program for the Through Friday and Saturday the International Country Life entire week, it will hold its own separate sessions at Hotel OIds, Conference will be held. Distinguished visitors from many Lansing, on Wednesday and Thursday, August 3 and 4. Following countries will discuss international aspects of the problem. is a brief outline of the program for the week, Many other special WOMEN'S COUNCIL'S INTEREST features are being prepared and will be found in the final program. The National Council of Catholic Women is especially interested in the Catholic Rural Life Conference. in fact has a very definite OUTLINE OF PROGRAM part in its program of activities. Monday, August 1 The N. C. C. W., with and through its diocesan groups and affili­ Evening- ated organizations, has been designated by the National Board of Addresses: the Catholic Rural Life Bureau to foster and to develop the Religious Vacation School movement. Already the work is being successfully President Butterfield of the A. C. L. A. carried on in many dioceses. Secretary Jardine of the Department of Agriculture. All Catholic women are cordially invited and urged to attend. They President of Farm Economics Association. will be interested in the meetings and will help materially in the Report of Continuation Committee on Farm Youth. furthering of the cause. Tuesday, August 2 Morning- Ca tholic Truth Society of Manila, P. I. , Addresses and discussion: Thanks Bulletin Fundamental Values of Farm Life. HE CATHOLIC TRUTH SOCIETY of Manila, P. 1. which is An Adequate Standard of Living for the Farm Home .. T spreading C'atholic literature-books, pamphlets, magazines and Afternoon- newspapers-at g thousands of Catholic born Filipino students, Round Table discussion with foreign guests. who, on account of lack of priests and a lack of schools without religious instruction, are growing up entirely ignorant of their religion, RVl'ftin~, 8.00- has written to thc N. C. W. C. Ilur-u'rIN rcqucst;ng that the attention Addresses: of its re:lders be c:l1t<>c1 tn tlw 11<' d of liter:lture descrjbed nbove in The Measure of Rural Progress. the Philippine Islands. The letter comes from Rev. Louis L. R. Ten-year Review, Hon. Galpin. C. J. Morrow, general secretary of the Truth Society and reads as follows: Ten-year Prospect, E. C. Lindeman, L. J. Taber ana Henry Wallace. "Last year you were so kind to publish a notice in your maga­ zine requesting your many readers to send us their used Catholic Wednesday, August 3 magazines and Catholic literature in general. Morning, 9 :30-Catholic Rural Life Sessions: tiThrough the publicity you gave us, we received thousands of magazines which were carefully distributed with the salutary Diocesan Rural Life Conferences; Address by Rev. W. Howard effect of vanishing misinformation and calumnies about our Holy Bishop, Clarksville, Md. Discussion by Rev. B. Hilgenberg, Mother Church spread over here principally by the Protestants. Beckemeyer, Ill.; Rev. Frank Leipzig, Corvallis, Oregon; "Little by little we have been increasing our activities and at and Rev. A. J. Luoi<:ey, Manhattan, Kans. the present we are unable to supply the many demands of litera­ 1O.30-Religious Vacation Schools. ture we receive. May you kindly put again a notice in your Rural Activities of the Diocesan Council of Catholic Women; magazine asking your readers to send us their used Catholic Addresses by Miss Kathryn Williams, Milwaukee, Wis.; and literature? Miss Margaret Lynch, Washington, D. C. "With the assurance of our prayers and thanking you most Afternoon­ heartily for your valuable assistance, we are Discussion groups. "Very gratefully yours in Christ." Evening, 6.30- BULLETIN readers may help Father Morrow by sending him used A. C. L. A. Annual Banquet. Catholic literature, c1dvising their friends to do the same, and gather­ Addresses: ing all the Catholic literature they may find and addressing it to the A. W. Ashby, England; Mr. Longe, Switzerland. Catholic Truth Society, 1199 M. H. del Pilar, Manila, P. I.

YOUR ORGANIZATION CAN DO THIS, TOO! MAKE THESE BOOKS AVAILABLE TO THE GENERAL READING PUBLIC Last'month, many units of the N. C. C. M. and N. C. C. W. donated copies of the volumes listed below to their local libraries-Why not follow their example in your locality?

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THE AMERICAN IN THE WAR Complete Record of the Orego~l School Cases, in the Appeal of which the HIERARCHY Michael vVillia11ls' stirring Story of Na­ Catholic Ideals of Education won Edited by Peter ClIilday, Ph,D., tional Catholic Se'rvice to Cod a Notable Vict01'y before the of the Catholic University of America and Cou.ntry U. S. Supreme Coltrt A BOOK of supreme importance to E NE1\fIES of the Church, profes- THE HISTORY of this case is of American Catholics-an authori­ sional bigots, al)d anti-Catholic paramount interest to Catholics tative collection containing all of the agitators are always seeking to malign everywhere and to all other support­ national pastorals from 1792 to 1919 the patriotism and civic loyalty of ers of the rights of private education. (including a pamphlet edition of the our Catholic people. Every argument which may be ad­ recent pastoral on The Religious ·Sit- As far as the ~Tor1d War and the vanced in favor of compulsory public uation in Mexico). . reconstruction period following are school education and the abolition of Their publication is a noteworthy concerned, American Catholics in the Catholic elementary schools is con­ contribution to the history of the War furnishes irrefutable evidence tained in this volume. Church in the United States. of the traditional patriotism of our Catholic people. The Oregon School Cases should be }.{ ake this volmne available for available to the reading public consultation by the gen­ An invaluable book for h01ne) school through every library in eral rea.ding public and public libraries the United States Special Price: $1.62 (Postage Included) , Special Price: $1.12 (Postage Included) Special Price: $8.00 (Postage Included)

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