Visit the National Academies Press Online, the Authoritative Source for All Books from the National Academy of Sciences, The
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Pathways to Urban Sustainability: Research and Development on Urban Systems Daniel Schaffer and Derek Vollmer, Rapporteurs; Committee on the Challenge of Developing Sustainable Urban Systems; National Research Council ISBN: 0-309-15896-6, 124 pages, 8 1/2 x 11, (2010) This free PDF was downloaded from: http://www.nap.edu/catalog/12969.html Visit the National Academies Press online, the authoritative source for all books from the National Academy of Sciences, the National Academy of Engineering, the Institute of Medicine, and the National Research Council: x Download hundreds of free books in PDF x Read thousands of books online, free x Sign up to be notified when new books are published x Purchase printed books x Purchase PDFs x Explore with our innovative research tools Thank you for downloading this free PDF. If you have comments, questions or just want more information about the books published by the National Academies Press, you may contact our customer service department toll-free at 888-624-8373, visit us online, or send an email to [email protected]. This free book plus thousands more books are available at http://www.nap.edu. Copyright © National Academy of Sciences. Permission is granted for this material to be shared for noncommercial, educational purposes, provided that this notice appears on the reproduced materials, the Web address of the online, full authoritative version is retained, and copies are not altered. To disseminate otherwise or to republish requires written permission from the National Academies Press. Pathways to Urban Sustainability: Research and Development on Urban Systems http://www.nap.edu/catalog/12969.html Committee on the Challenge of Developing Sustainable Urban Systems Science and Technology for Sustainability Program Policy and Global Affairs Division THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES PRESS Washington, D.C. www.nap.edu Copyright © National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved. Pathways to Urban Sustainability: Research and Development on Urban Systems http://www.nap.edu/catalog/12969.html THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES PRESS 500 Fifth Street, N.W. Washington, D.C. 20001 NOTICE: The project that is the subject of this report was approved by the Governing Board of the National Research Council, whose members are drawn from the councils of the National Academy of Sciences, the National Academy of Engineering, and the Institute of Medicine. The members of the committee responsible for the report were chosen for their special competences and with regard for appropriate balance. This summary report and the workshop on which it was based were supported by the following contracts: DHHS/CDC (200-2005-13434, TO#21), NASA (NNX08AC56G), USDA/FS (09-DG- 11132650-312), DOI/USGS (G09AP00161), and DOE (108E003170). Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the organizations or agencies that provided support for the project. International Standard Book Number-13: 978-0-309-15895-4 International Standard Book Number-10: 0-309-15895-8 Additional copies of this report are available from the National Academies Press, 500 Fifth Street, N.W., Lockbox 285, Washington, D.C. 20055; (800) 624-6242 or (202) 334-3313 (in the Washington metropolitan area); Internet, http://www.nap.edu Copyright 2010 by the National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America Copyright © National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved. Pathways to Urban Sustainability: Research and Development on Urban Systems http://www.nap.edu/catalog/12969.html The National Academy of Sciences is a private, nonprofit, self-perpetuating society of distinguished scholars engaged in scientific and engineering research, dedicated to the furtherance of science and technology and to their use for the general welfare. Upon the authority of the charter granted to it by the Congress in 1863, the Academy has a mandate that requires it to advise the federal government on scientific and technical matters. Dr. Ralph J. Cicerone is president of the National Academy of Sciences. The National Academy of Engineering was established in 1964, under the charter of the National Academy of Sciences, as a parallel organization of outstanding engineers. It is autonomous in its administration and in the selection of its members, sharing with the National Academy of Sciences the responsibility for advising the federal government. The National Academy of Engineering also sponsors engineering programs aimed at meeting national needs, encourages education and research, and recognizes the superior achievements of engineers. Dr. Charles M. Vest is president of the National Academy of Engineering. The Institute of Medicine was established in 1970 by the National Academy of Sciences to secure the services of eminent members of appropriate professions in the examination of policy matters pertaining to the health of the public. The Institute acts under the responsibility given to the National Academy of Sciences by its congressional charter to be an adviser to the federal government and, upon its own initiative, to identify issues of medical care, research, and education. Dr. Harvey V. Fineberg is president of the Institute of Medicine. The National Research Council was organized by the National Academy of Sciences in 1916 to associate the broad community of science and technology with the Academys purposes of furthering knowledge and advising the federal government. Functioning in accordance with general policies determined by the Academy, the Council has become the principal operating agency of both the National Academy of Sciences and the National Academy of Engineering in providing services to the government, the public, and the scientific and engineering communities. The Council is administered jointly by both Academies and the Institute of Medicine. Dr. Ralph J. Cicerone and Dr. Charles M. Vest are chair and vice chair, respectively, of the National Research Council. www.national-academies.org Copyright © National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved. Pathways to Urban Sustainability: Research and Development on Urban Systems http://www.nap.edu/catalog/12969.html Copyright © National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved. Pathways to Urban Sustainability: Research and Development on Urban Systems http://www.nap.edu/catalog/12969.html COMMITTEE ON THE CHALLENGE OF DEVELOPING SUSTAINABLE URBAN SYSTEMS Ann Bartuska, Acting Deputy Under Secretary for Natural Resources and Environment, U.S. Department of Agriculture Glen Daigger, NAE, Senior Vice President and Chief Technology Officer, CH2M HILL, Inc. Jonathan Fink, Director, Global Institute of Sustainability, Arizona State University Michael Freedberg, Director, Division of Affordable Housing Research and Technology, Officer of Policy Development and Research, U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development Howard Frumkin, Director, National Center for Environmental Health/Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, U.S. Centers for Disease Control Malka Pattison, Program Analyst, Office of Policy Analysis, U.S. Department of the Interior STAFF Derek Vollmer, Project Director and Program Officer, Science and Technology for Sustainability Program Marina Moses, Director, Science and Technology for Sustainability Program Pat Koshel, Senior Program Officer, Science and Technology for Sustainability Program Kathleen McAllister, Research Associate, Science and Technology for Sustainability Program Emi Kameyama, Senior Program Assistant, Science and Technology for Sustainability Program v Copyright © National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved. Pathways to Urban Sustainability: Research and Development on Urban Systems http://www.nap.edu/catalog/12969.html Copyright © National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved. Pathways to Urban Sustainability: Research and Development on Urban Systems http://www.nap.edu/catalog/12969.html Preface and Acknowledgments Transitioning to sustainability will be a collective, adaptive, and uncertain endeavor. In order to identify problem-driven research topics critical to sustainability, the National Academies Roundtable on Science and Technology for Sustainability (see Appendix C) has regularly helped organize workshops to convene diverse stakeholders and discuss the role that science and technology can play in addressing these challenges. In 2007, the National Academies hosted the first Federal Sustainability Research and Development (R&D) Forum, which focused on federal R&D on ecosystem services and biofuels. Based on the success of this initial event and input from various stakeholders, a second forum was organized to again engage federal researchers, this time focusing on urbanization, with the additional goal of engaging leading academic and private researchers to be part of the conversation. The rationale was that metropolitan regions are playing, and will continue to play, an important role in addressing climate change and many other sustainability challenges. The federal government can support these place-based efforts, but sub-national actors will necessarily lead the way in making communities more sustainable. A committee was appointed by the National Research Council to organize a one- day workshop on September 22, 2009 in Washington, D.C. titled Transitioning to Sustainability: The Challenge of Developing Sustainable Urban Systems. The committee identified panel topics, invited speakers from throughout the research and development