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Proceedings of the World Assembly of the World Council for the Welfare Of PROCEEDINGS of the WORLD ASSEMBLY of the World Council for the Welfare of the Blind 31st July to 11th August, 1964 AmericanFoundation FOR'niEBUNDiNC. 15 WEST letfi r- NEW YORK, N.Y., 10011 cs^ PROCEEDINGS of the WORLD ASSEMBLY of the World Council for the Welfare of the Blind held at STATLER HILTON HOTEL. NEW YORK CITY. U.S.A. 31st JULY to nth August, 1964 The purposes of the Council shall be to work for the welfare of the blind and the prevention of blindness throughout the world by providing the means of consultation between organizations of and for the blind in different countries, and by the creation ot co-ordinating bodies where necessary, and for joint action wherever possible to- wards the introduction of minimum standards for the welfare of the blind in all parts ot the world and the improvement of such standards. World Council for the Welfare of the Blind Organisation Mondiale pour la Protection Sogiale des aveugles Registered Office Office of the Secretary-General 14, RUE Daru 224 Great Portland Street Paris (8), France London, W.I., England Certain of the papers included in these Proceedings were originally delivered in languages other than English and, while every care has been taken to ensure accuracy in translation, it is possible that some variations from the original structure and sense may have occurred. Furthermore, certain papers prepared in the English language were delivered by speakers not entirely familiar with that language. Some editing has there- fore been required. Our apologies are submitted for any inaccuracies that may have resulted therefrom. Due to lack of space, it has been necessary also in some cases to abridge the addresses. We feel sure that the speakers will appreciate the need for these slight editorial changes. '^ , . TABLE OF CONTENTS PAGE BACKGROUND OF THE CONFERENCE 1 A MESSAGE FROM THE PRESIDENT CONFERENCE PARTICIPANTS Delegates 7 Official Participants 11 Observers . 12 Visitors 16 Staff 16 INAUGURAL SESSION Address of Welcome to the United Nations 18 Message of Greeting from U Thant, Secretary-General, United Nations 20 Welcoming Remarks, President, W.C.W.B. 21 Welcoming Remarks, President Elect, A.A.W.B. 22 Address by Mr. John Roosevelt 24 Messages . 25 THE PROBLEMS OF THE BLIND IN A CHANGING WORLD The Extent, Causes and Distribution of Blindness John F. Wilson . 34 Changing Patterns in the Provision of Services to the World's Blind People Eric T. Boulter . 39 The Changing Role of Non-Governmental Organizations in Planning Rehabilitation Programmes Martha E. Branscombe . 44 The Changing Role of Government in the Provision of Services for the Rehabilitation of the Disabled Mary E. Switzer . 47 ORGANIZATIONAL AND BUSINESS SESSION The President's Report . ... 56 Treasurer's Report 57 Secretary-General's Report 59 Election of Assembly Committees Finance Committee. 57 Proxy Committee 60 Resolutions Committee 60 Nominations Committee 60 . REPORTS OF STANDING AND CONSULTATIVE COMMITTEES Committee on Braille (W.B.C.) 61 Committee on Education (I.C.E.B.Y.) . 67 Committee on Professional and Urban Employment . 75 Committee on Rural Activities . 77 Committee on Technical Appliances . 83 Committee on Prevention of Blindness . 85 Committee on Services for the Deaf/Blind . 85 Committee on Asian Affairs . 94 Committee on Louis Braille Memorial Museum . 99 THE SOCIAL IMPACT OF BLINDNESS UPON THE INDIVIDUAL I. Satrustegui . 104 Mrs. H. Lee 108 Dr. B. Lowenfeld 1 14 MODERN APPROACHES TO FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE TO THE BLIND H. C. Seierup 121 B.Knox 127 PROVIDING EMPLOYMENT FOR THE BLIND IN A CHANGING WORLD Problems of Self-Support H. Geissler 134 Commercial and Industrial Employment L. Rives 139 Rural Employment H. J. Desai 146 Sheltered Employment, Shops and Vending Stands C. Hedkvist 154 THE SPECIAL PROBLEMS OF THE AGEING BLIND IN THE MODERN WORLD J. C. Colligan 159 Mrs. L. Banducci Isnard . 165 H. C. Robinson 169 MODERN PROGRAMMES FOR BLIND PERSONS WITH OTHER DISABILITIES Dr. W. Dolanski 174 Dr. Peter J. Salmon . 183 A.D.Lloyds 186 UTILIZING GENERAL COMMUNITY RESCOURCES TO MEET THE SPECIAL NEEDS OF THE BLIND Dr. M. Robert Barnett 195 Frank Y. Turley . 197 J. Max Woolly 203 . • THE PLACE OF WORK FOR THE BLIND IN NATIONAL AND INTERNATIONAL PLANNING FOR REHABILITATION OF THE HANDICAPPED Should the Disabled be Segregated ? Donald V. Wilson 206 The Place of Work for the Blind within the Framework of the Rehabilitation of the Handicapped John E. Jarvis .. .. •• •• • ..211 The Place of Work for the Bhnd in Planning National and International Rehabilitation Programmes • • . Sara Telson . • • 214 THE IMPACT OF RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT ON TECHNOLOGICAL AND SOCIAL ASPECTS OF BLINDNESS The International Research Information Service Leslie L. Clark 219 Technical Developments in Talking Book Programmes The British Multi-Track Tape Cassette System 225 H. J. F. Adam 231 Robert S. Bray .. .. • Braille and Talking Book Library Services • • • • F. G. Tingen . • • • 235 BUSINESS SESSION ^'^^ Report of Finance Committee .. .. .. •.-.•• Presentation and Discussion of Proposed Constitutional • ^^' • Amendments . • • • • • • 1964 Revised Constitution of the W.C.W.B 244 . 251 • Resolutions . • • • • • • . FINAL BUSINESS SESSION • • 263 . • Report of Nominations Committee . • Election of Honorary Life Members 263 . • 263 Election of Officers and Executive Committee . • Closing Address by Retiring President 264 LIST OF MEMBERS 267 CONSULTATIVE AND STANDING COMMITTEES 275 Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2010 with funding from Lyrasis IVIembers and Sloan Foundation http://www.archive.org/details/proceedingsofwor1964unse : : BACKGROUND OF THE CONFERENCE The World Council for the Welfare of the Blind grew out of a resolu- tion adopted by the International Conference of Workers for the Blind held in Oxford, England, in 1949. An interim committee was set up under the chairmanship of Mr. W. McG. Eagar (United Kingdom), known as the International Committee for the Welfare of the Blind, which was responsible for drawing up a draft constitution and for the registration of the future Organization. Only eight countries were represented in the International Committee, but at the constituent assembly held in Paris in July, 1951, other countries came into member- ship, and the first Assembly in Paris in 1954 included representatives of thirty-four nations. Committees were set up to deal with specialized aspects of work for the blind and two autonomous bodies, the World Braille Council and the International Conference of Educators of Blind Youth, subsequently became affiliated with the W.C.W.B. as consulta- tive committees on braille and education. In 1951, Colonel E. A. Baker, of Canada, became the first President of W.C.W.B. and was re-elected to this office by the two subsequent World Assemblies in 1954 and 1959. Under his chairmanship, an Executive Committee of twenty-five members has been responsible for the Council's general poHcies. The day-to-day administration remains in the hands of the Council's Officers and is carried out by the Secretary- General. The Executive Committee meets every two and a half years to consider reports from the Consultative and Standing Committees and from the Officers and to make decisions at policy level. The President, Vice-Presidents, Secretary-General, Treasurer, and all other members of the Executive Committee are elected by the World Assembly, which includes all honorary, representative and associate members of the Council. Forty-three countries are represented in the General Assembly at the present time. The Assembly meets every five years. New elections are held immediately following each Assembly. At the opening of this, our Third Quinquennial Assembly, the composition of the Executive Committee is as follows President: Colonel E. A. Baker Vice-Presidents: Prof. P. Bentivoglio (Italy), Mr. E. T. Boulter (U.S.A.) Mr. K. Dassanaike (Ceylon), Prof. Dr. C. Strehl (Germany), Mr. S. Uzelac (Yugoslavia). Secretary-General: Mr. J. Jarvis. Treasurer: Mr. H. Amblard (France) Individuals serving on the national delegations of the followmg countries represent their geographical areas EUROPE: France, Italy, United Kingdom, Denmark, Germany, The Netherlands, Yugoslavia. EAST ASIA: Ceylon, India, Japan, Pakistan. 1 SOUTH AMERICA: Brazil, Colombia. MIDDLE EAST: Turkey. OCEANIA: New Zealand. AFRICA: Ethiopia. NORTH AMERICA: Canada, Guatemala, U.S.A. The Chairmen of the two Consultative Committees also have seats on the Executive and there are three seats 'at large' held by individually elected members. The World Council has been granted consultative status in category 'B' with the Economic and Social Council of the United Nations, with UNESCO, UNICEF, and with the International Labour Organization, and enjoys a close relationship with the World Health Organization and other international groups. It is a member of the Conference of World Organizations interested in the Handicapped, of the Union of International Associations and of the International Conference of Social Work, and has gained widespread recognition as the only re- sponsible world organization covering all aspects of blindness and its prevention. The Council has sponsored or participated in a number of important international conferences in addition to its own World Assemblies and Committee Meetings. An International Conference on Braille Music Notation took place in Paris in 1954 under the sponsorship of W.C.W.B. UNESCO and the American Foundation for Overseas Blind. This led to the publication of an international manual on braille music notation and to further negotiations with a view to reaching world uniformity in this field. A Pan-American Conference on the Welfare of the Blind and Prevention of Blindness was held in Sao Paulo, in 1954. A European Seminar on the Rehabilitation of the BHnd held in London, in 1956, was joindy sponsored by the World Council for the Welfare of the Blind and the World Veterans' Federation, and further conferences were held in Tokyo (Far East Conference on Work for the Blind) in 1961, in New York (International Congress on Technology and Blindness) in 1962, and in Kuala Lumpur (Second Asian Conference on Work for the BHnd) in May 1963.
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