Northern Area Children and Young People’s Committee

Carrickfergus Borough Council Area

Audit of Need and Outcomes Report 2010 A Profile of Children, Young People and their Families in Carrickfergus Outcomes Framework

This report has been based around the six high level outcomes set out in the Office of the First Minister and Deputy First Minister’s 10 Year Strategy for Children and Young People. We want our children and young people to reach their full potential to achieve these outcomes. Everyone from government to local communities has a part to play in helping to reach these goals. It is particularly important that we all work together to identify where we are not doing so well and to design and deliver the services our children and young people need. We have a range of indicators and the information which will assist us to identify the problem areas and these can be used as a starting point. However the most important information is that held by local communities. For each outcome we looked at:-

•What does the outcome mean for children and young people? •What do we know about how well our children and young people are doing with regard to a particular outcome – this includes a range of statistics as well as the essential local knowledge? •What services are available – not an exhaustive list but designed to share information about what services are out there? •What are the gaps which need to be addressed – initial stage of action planning? Demography of Carrickfergus Borough Council Area

There are 9,204 children under 18 living in Carrickfergus Borough according to 2009 Mid- Year Estimates. This is 22.9% of the total population

•Population projection between 2009 and 2019 of children and young people in Carrickfergus •0 to 4 – 0.08% increase •5 to 9 – 1.08% decrease •10 to14 – 9.7% decrease •15 to 17 – 21.23% decrease

Carrickfergus Borough Council is divided up into 17 electoral wards, most of the information presented in this report will be analysed by these areas. However the census office have introduced geographical areas called Super •The population was 85% Protestant and 9% Output Areas (SOAs), which have a population of Catholic on census day approximately 2,000 people. These are created • 66% of the population of Carrickfergus on a ward by ward basis taking size and proximity lived in urban areas, 11% in rural areas and into account, therefore a ward with a large 24% mixed rural/urban population, for example, Eden ward is divided up •9% of all births in Carrickfergus were to non- into 2 SOAs. There are 20 SOAs in the UK born Mothers in 2008 Carrickfergus Borough Council Area. •19 A8 Nationals Registrations on Worker Registration Scheme 2008/09 Small Area Population Estimates for Under 16 Population

There are 9,204 children under 18 living in Carrickfergus Borough according to 2009 Mid-Year Estimates. This is 22.9% of the total population Population Projections between 2009 and 2019 Source: NISRA

Carrickfergus Borough Council population projection from 2009-2019 for children and young people compared with the population projections in the Northern Area and Northern Ireland. Estimated Size of A8 Population in 2007 Source: NINIS

Moyle Coleraine Ballymoney 1: Newtownabbey Population of A8 Migrants Limavady 2: Belfast Derry 3: Castlereagh 4: North Down

Ballymena Larne

Strabane Magherafelt Antrim 1 Carrickfergus

4 Cookstown 2 Omagh 3 Ards Lisburn Dungannon Craigavon

Down Armagh

Fermanagh

Newry & Mourne Migration Statistics Source: Home Office; Immigration & Nationality on NINIS Worker Registration System (WRS) is used to register migrant workers from the 8 Eastern European states or A8 countries that acceded to the EU on May 2004 (A8 Countries are: Czech Republic, Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Slovakia and Slovenia). WRS data is recorded at address of employer rather than residential address

WRS registrations Per Table 1.1 Number of WRS Registrations 1000 Resident population 2008

2004/05 2005/06 2006/07 2007/08 2008/09 2008/09

Antrim 210 420 405 380 233 4.4

Ballymena 285 570 605 480 419 6.7

Ballymoney 50 50 50 55 56 1.9

Carrickfergus 10 10 35 45 19 0.5

Coleraine 185 370 305 310 135 2.4

Cookstown 765 340 405 330 172 4.8 Table 1.1 and graph 1.3 shows that the number of Larne 5 40 25 35 14 0.4 migrant workers had increased from 2004/05 to Magherafelt 175 345 335 205 121 2.8 2007/08 then decreased in 2008/09. Carrickfergus had the lowest rate of registered migrant workers Moyle 10 40 30 30 33 2.0 per 1,000 resident population in the Northern Area in 2008. New’abbey 50 140 190 250 102 1.2

Northern 5,495 9,045 9,270 7,725 4,815 2.7 Ireland Births to Non-UK Born Mothers (Including Mothers born in the Republic of Ireland) Source: NISRA

From graph 1.4 it can been seen that Carrickfergus had the fifth highest percentage of births to non-UK born mothers in 2008. Graph 1.5 demonstrates that the percentage of births to non-UK born mothers in Carrickfergus has more than doubled between 2004 and 2008. Healthy Infant Mortality Rates Source: NISRA

Infant Mortality Rate (IMR) is defined as the number of deaths of infants, one year of age and younger, per 1000 live births. The causes of infant mortality are “strongly correlated to those structural factors, like economic development, general living conditions, social well-being, and the quality of the environment, that affect the health of entire populations” (Reidpath, D.D, and Allotey, P, 2003).

Graph 2.1 shows that the infant mortality rate in Carrickfergus was higher than the Northern Area rate in 2001, 2003, 2004 and 2005. The lowest rate was in 2006 which was 2.1 infant deaths per 1,000 live births. Number of Live Births in each ward in Carrickfergus Source: Child Health System

2000/01 2001/02 2002/03 2003/04 2004/05 2005/06 2006/07 2007/08 2008/09 2009/10

Blackhead 15 16 20 16 22 28 20 19 25 18

Bluefield 47 41 46 36 39 53 50 42 35 43

Boneybefore 9 7 12 6 16 11 19 9 18 13

Burleigh Hill 40 37 36 44 33 25 32 47 35 27

Clipperstown 30 32 27 35 30 38 34 27 33 38

Eden 66 55 66 70 68 76 78 57 75 56

Gortalee 16 15 17 13 17 11 25 11 26 15

Greenisland 28 35 28 33 30 26 23 33 23 33

Killycrot 27 22 24 26 18 29 30 27 32 30

Knockagh 25 25 25 39 27 30 34 39 26 29

Love Lane 22 8 16 15 17 22 25 19 17 26

Milebush 25 23 22 23 17 17 20 16 11 18

Northland 30 19 22 35 21 25 28 28 32 16

Sunnylands 19 17 16 12 11 14 6 9 22 19

Victoria 24 18 23 21 20 19 23 32 35 24

Whitehead 16 20 19 17 20 13 18 23 21 21

Woodburn 33 26 27 26 31 26 27 15 29 20

Carrickfergus 472 416 446 467 437 463 492 453 495 446 Low Birth Weight Source: Child Health System

Low birth weight has been defined by the World Health Organisation (WHO) as weight at birth of less than 2,500 grams (5.5 pounds). Low birth weight is closely associated with foetal and neonatal mortality and morbidity, inhibited growth and cognitive development, and chronic diseases later in life (Unicef, 2004).

Graph 2.2 highlights that over the ten years from 2000/01 to 2009/10 the lowest percentage of live births with low birth weight in Carrickfergus was in 2004/05. Graph 2.3 shows that in 2009/10 Carrickfergus had the third lowest percentage of low birth weight babies in the Northern Area. Low Birth Weight Babies (Less than 2500g) as a Percentage of Live Births Source: Child Health System wards with a percentage of low birth weight babies higher than the Northern Ireland average

2007/08 2008/09 2009/10 Blackhead 15.79 10.53 0.00 Bluefield 2.38 2.38 6.98 Boneybefore 0.00 33.33 7.69 Burleigh Hill 10.64 2.13 3.70 Clipperstown 3.7 14.81 2.63 Eden 3.51 1.75 0.00 Gortalee 0.00 9.09 13.33 Greenisland 9.09 0.00 12.12 Killycrot 18.52 7.40 3.33 Knockagh 7.69 5.13 10.34 Love Lane 10.53 5.26 0.00 Milebush 0.00 6.25 5.56 Northland 7.14 7.10 6.25 Sunnylands 0.00 55.56 5.26 Victoria 0.00 15.63 12.5 Whitehead 4.35 4.35 4.76 Woodburn 0.00 20.00 0.00

Carrickfergus 6.18 7.73 5.16

Northern Ireland 6.19 6.27 6.09 Smoking During Pregnancy Source: Child Health System Smoking has a strong direct impact on the weight of a new-born baby and as a consequence on its survival. A baby’s growth is retarded mainly by the carbon monoxide and nicotine in cigarettes of the smoking mother. Studies have also found that infants are more likely to die from Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (cot death) if their mother smokes during pregnancy (WHO, 2003).

Graph 2.4 shows that the percentage of mothers smoking at discharge in Carrickfergus has varied from the largest percentage of 22% in 2008/09 to the lowest percentage of 15% in 2009/10. Within Carrickfergus the wards with the highest percentage of mothers reporting smoking during their pregnancy in 2009/10 were; Northlands 44%; Love Lane 35% and Clipperstown 34%. Mothers Reporting Smoking During Pregnancy as a Percentage of all Births Source: Child Health System Wards with a percentage of mothers reporting smoking during their pregnancy higher than the Northern Ireland average

2004/05 2005/06 2006/07 2007/08 2008/09 2009/10

Blackhead 22.7 17.9 40 10.5 32.0 11.1

Bluefield 5.1 9.4 4.0 4.8 8.6 6.8

Boneybefore 6.3 0.0 10.5 22.2 11.1 15.4

Burleigh Hill 9.1 8.0 12.5 19.1 11.4 7.4

Clipperstown 36.7 36.8 32.4 29.6 39.4 34.2

Eden 10.3 9.2 12.8 3.5 14.7 7.1

Gortalee 44.4 27.3 36.0 36.4 30.8 33.3

Greenisland 23.3 11.5 8.7 12.1 13.0 6.1

Killycrot 27.8 41.4 16.7 29.6 34.4 10.0

Knockagh 7.4 3.3 8.8 5.1 3.7 3.3

Love Lane 38.9 36.4 28.0 31.6 52.9 34.6

Milebush 41.2 17.6 30.0 25.0 27.3 16.7

Northland 38.1 36.0 53.6 36.7 43.8 43.8

Sunnylands 36.4 35.7 83.3 33.3 13.6 31.6

Victoria 30.0 10.5 34.8 9.4 28.6 8.3

Whitehead 5.0 7.7 11.1 13.0 19.1 4.8

Woodburn 22.6 11.5 11.1 6.3 6.9 20.0

Carrickfergus 20.7 17.9 20.7 16.2 22.0 15.4

Northern Area 18.8 18.5 17.4 16.2 18.3 15.6 Mothers Breastfeeding at Discharge Source: Child Health System

There is clear evidence that breastfeeding has positive health benefits for both mother and baby in the short and long term. Breastfeeding has an important contribution towards reducing infant mortality and health inequalities. All current guidelines, recommend exclusive breastfeeding for newborns and for the first six months of infancy. Research shows that breast milk is important in the early development of appetite regulatory systems in infants and ultimately on the tendency to obesity in later life. (British Medical Association, 2009) Young mothers and mothers from lower socio-economic groups and low educational attainment appear to be the least likely to breastfeed (Scientific Advisory Committee on Nutrition, 2008).

Graph shows that over the ten years from 2000/01 to 2009/10 the percentage of mothers breastfeeding in Carrickfergus has varied between 38% and 45% and has consistently been higher than the overall percentage for the Northern Area. Graph 2.8 highlights that the percentage of mothers breastfeeding at discharge in 2009/10 in Carrickfergus was the fourth highest in the Northern Area. In 2009/10 the wards with the lowest percentage of mothers breastfeeding at discharge were, Milebush 16.7% and Northland 18.8%. Percentage of Mothers Breastfeeding at Discharge Wards with a percentage of mothers breast (Includes Breast and Complementary Feeding) feeding at discharge lower than the Northern Source: Child Health System Ireland average

2000/01 2001/02 2002/03 2003/04 2004/05 2005/06 2006/07 2007/08 2008/09 2009/10

Blackhead 33.3 53.3 47.4 33.3 56.5 39.3 45.0 57.9 56.0 55.6

Bluefield 46.7 22.2 33.3 47.6 38.5 34.0 52.0 40.5 40.0 44.2

Boneybefore 37.5 71.4 41.7 66.7 68.8 27.3 36.8 33.3 38.9 53.8

Burleigh Hill 55.6 50.0 52.6 34.8 30.3 52.0 31.3 25.5 57.1 40.7

Clipperstown 47.6 28.1 38.5 26.5 30.0 13.2 26.5 37.0 24.2 23.7

Eden 33.3 40.4 42.4 45.7 43.3 50.0 43.6 45.6 48.0 55.4

Gortalee 37.3 33.3 43.8 50.0 29.4 45.5 36.0 18.2 30.8 40.0

Greenisland 31.3 47.1 40.7 51.5 56.7 42.3 39.1 33.3 47.8 51.5

Killycrot 42.9 31.8 45.8 50.0 50.0 44.8 53.3 37.0 43.8 33.3

Knockagh 25.9 76.9 73.1 73.2 55.6 63.3 58.8 51.3 70.4 62.1

Love Lane 21.1 12.5 26.7 21.4 11.8 45.5 20.0 26.3 17.7 34.6

Milebush 28.0 43.5 40.9 30.4 47.1 41.2 20.0 31.3 54.6 16.7

Northland 30.0 21.1 31.8 34.3 28.6 16.0 21.4 21.4 28.125 18.8

Sunnylands 21.1 23.5 18.8 33.3 18.2 28.6 33.3 22.2 45.5 26.3

Victoria 44.4 41.0 45.7 47.2 35.0 31.6 39.1 37.5 40.0 58.3

Whitehead 62.5 52.4 30.0 55.6 60.0 53.8 66.7 52.2 57.1 57.1

Woodburn 54.5 52.0 55.6 32.0 35.5 23.1 37.0 80.0 58.6 55.0

Carrickfergus 40 43 43 44 41 40 41 38.2 44.8 43.7 Northern 35.4 36.4 38.7 37.8 38.8 40.6 40.6 42.2 44.0 44.6 Ireland Births to Mothers Under 20 Years of Age Source: Child Health System

There is growing recognition that teenage pregnancy and early parenthood can lead to poor educational achievement, poor physical and mental health, poverty, and social isolation. Socio-economic disadvantage can be both a cause and an effect of young parenthood. Increasing efforts have been made to identify factors influencing the rate of teenage pregnancy and effective interventions (Health Evidence Network, 2007).

Graph 2.7 shows that the percentage of births to mothers under 20 has been higher in Carrickfergus than in the Northern Area since 2004/05. Graph 2.8 shows that Carrickfergus had the fifth lowest percentage of births to mothers young than 20 in 2009/10. The wards in 2009/10 in Carrickfergus with the highest percentage of births to mothers under 20 years of age were; Gortalee 19.2% and Love Lane 17.7%. Mental Health and Emotional Well-Being Source: NHSCT The good emotional health of children and young people is vital...poor mental health in children and young people is associated with teenage pregnancy, bullying, violent and criminal behaviour and substance misuse. The majority of adults with mental health problems experienced mental health difficulties in childhood (Every Child Matters, 2010). Stressful events, for example, bereavement, divorce, separation, family breakdown, domestic violence, physical, emotional and sexual abuse, serious illness, alcohol and substance misuse, bullying, intimidation and sectarian violence can contribute to the development of emotional problems for children. Children who face three or more stressful life events, e.g. bereavement, divorce, serious illness, are three times more likely than other children to develop emotional and behavioural disorders (DCSF, 2008)

The Rate of referrals to Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services (CAMHS) in Carrickfergus had decreased from 2001/02 to 2005/06, but has steadily increased from then until 2008/09 as shown in graph 2.9. In graph 2.10 it can been seen that in 2008/09 Carrickfergus had the joint third highest rate of referrals to CAMHS in the Northern Area. Children With Disabilities Source: NINIS The literature and various studies describe children with disabilities and their families as being disadvantaged in many ways in comparison to non-disabled children. The Children (NI) Order 1995 holds out to disabled children the probability of new safeguards and fuller social integration. Children with disabilities are to be recognised as children first with the right to have their particular needs met by the provision of services. They are included by definition among children in need (Article 17) and are therefore eligible for family support services (Article 18 and Schedule 2) (Monteith, McCrystal and Iwaniec, 1997).

Graph 2.11 shows that the percentage of under 16s receiving DLA in Carrickfergus has steadily increased over the last 10 years but has remained lower that the Northern Ireland percentage. Graph 2.12 highlights that Carrickfergus had the second highest percentage of under 16s receiving DLA in the Northern Area at March 2009. Number of Children Under 16 receiving Disability Living Allowance Source: NINIS (Numbers less than 6 are suppressed)

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

Blackhead 6 6 6 6 10 13 14 12 13 6

Bluefield 11 6 6 6 6 10 10 10 6 21

Boneybefore 11 6 6 6 11 15 16 11 17 11

Burleigh Hill 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 25

Clipperstown 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 19

Eden 6 6 6 10 6 11 10 11 12 34

Gortalee 10 6 6 10 6 6 6 12 13 13

Greenisland 10 10 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 11

Killycrot 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 10 10

Knockagh 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 12

Love Lane 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 10

Milebush 16 20 16 10 11 22 18 18 17 13

Northland 11 6 6 6 6 10 11 10 12 24

Sunnylands 6 11 12 13 13 11 11 13 14 12

Victoria 6 6 6 6 6 6 11 6 6 15

Whitehead 6 6 15 17 13 12 13 15 17 6

Woodburn 14 12 6 6 6 6 12 16 10 6

Carrickfergus 192 191 205 217 241 247 251 258 253 265 LIVING IN SAFETY AND WITH STABILITY Children who are Victims of Domestic Violence Source: PSNI Domestic violence can include violence inflicted on, or witnessed by children. The wide adverse effect of living with domestic violence for children must be recognised as a child protection issue (NIO, 2005). It is estimated that at least 11,000 are living with domestic violence. The effects of domestic violence on children are linked to poor educational achievement, social exclusion and to juvenile crime, substance misuse, mental health problems and homelessness from running away. (NIO, 2005)

Graph 3.1 shows that the recorded number of under 16 year old victims of incidents of domestic abuse has increased by 200% between 2006/07 and 2009/10. Graph 3.2 shows that in 2009/10 Carrickfergus had the joint third lowest recorded number of under 16 year old victims of Domestic abuse. It is important to bear in mind that due to the hidden nature of domestic abuse there may be many more incidents of domestic abuse that goes unreported. Recorded Domestic Offences Source: PSNI Domestic violence affects people of every class, age, race, disability and sexuality (NSPCC, 2009). Domestic violence is not restricted to physical violence but sometimes it is more subtle and also involves psychological, verbal, sexual, financial and emotional abuse which takes place within an intimate or family type relationship and forms a pattern of coercive and controlling behaviour (Women’s Aid, 2009). Children are very much the silent victims of domestic violence. They may witness it or be subject to it but often their voices are not heard (Tackling Violence at Home, 2005). Bowker’s study of over 1,000 women living in refuges found that 70% of the women with children said their partners had also been physically violent to the children (Women’s Aid, 2009)

Graph 3.3 shows that the number of recorded domestic offences has decreased between 2007/08 and 2009/10. According to graph 2.4 Carrickfergus had the fifth highest number of recorded domestic offences in the Northern Area in 2009/10. Number of Children Killed or Injured on the Roads Source: PSNI Road traffic deaths make up 41% of all child deaths, the majority of these children are pedestrians and cyclists and not car occupants. By changing children’s exposure to risk as pedestrians these death rates decline, but may lower exercise and fitness levels and restrict the child’s independence (Unicef, 2001). Social and economic factors play a part in child road injuries. Research has shown that children from social class V are five times more likely to be killed as pedestrians than those from class I (Child Accident Prevention Trust, 2009).

Graph 3.5 shows that the number of children from Carrickfergus killed or injured on the roads had increased between 2006/07 and 2008/09 but has since increased. ENJOYING LEARNING AND ACHIEVING Primary School Pupils with English as an Additional Language Source: DENI Society in Northern Ireland has become truly diverse and multicultural. There are now people from various parts of Asia, Africa, Europe and the Americas living in Northern Ireland. In particular there is a steady pattern of growth of people from the new accession states of Eastern Europe. This increase in migrant population has resulted in a significant and steady increase in the number of newcomer pupils in the schools here (DENI, 2009).

Graph 4.1 shows that the percentage of primary school pupils with English as an Additional Language in Carrickfergus has been steadily increasing since 2003/04. Graph 4.2 shows that the number of post-primary pupils had increased from 2005/06 to 2008/09 but increased in 2009/10. Less than 85% Attendance Source: NEELB High unauthorised absence rates have been linked to low academic achievement among pupils, while truancy before the age of 16 has been identified as a risk factory for not being in education, employment or training at age 16-18. Research also indicates that truancy can lead to more tangible forms of delinquency such as theft, criminal damage and abusive conduct (NIAO, 2004).

The rate of low school attendance in Carrickfergus have fluctuated between 2001/02 and 2008/09 as shown in graph 4.3. Graph 4.4 shows that in 2008/09 Carrickfergus had the fourth highest rate of less than 85% attendance in the Northern Area. In 2008/09 the wards with the highest rates of low school attendance were Northland 178 per 1,000, Clipperstown 102 per 1,000 and Love Lane 98 per 1,000 5 to 17 population. Rate of Pupils with Less than 85% Attendance per 1,000 5-17 Year old Population Source: NEELB Wards with a rate of less than 85% attendance higher than the Northern Area average 2001/02 2002/03 2003/04 2004/05 2005/06 2006/07 2007/08 2008/09 Blackhead 34.3 34.3 22.9 37.1 ** 65.7 34.3 40.0 Bluefield 29.5 29.5 21.3 27.9 ** 18.0 31.1 16.4 Boneybefore 20.9 15.7 15.7 10.5 ** 36.6 47.1 68.1 Burleigh Hill 24.3 30.7 25.6 33.3 ** 43.5 34.6 28.2 Clipperstown 114.3 81.0 69.0 81.0 ** 107.1 119 102.4 Eden 22.9 25.2 28.6 26.3 ** 29.8 32.1 35.5 Gortalee 137.2 130.0 101.1 122.7 ** 104.7 104.7 61.4 Greenisland 67.0 82.6 62.5 58.0 ** 60.3 49.1 31.3 Killycrot 112.8 68.3 95.0 77.2 ** 86.1 97.9 89.0 Knockagh 24.7 30.1 46.6 30.1 ** 24.7 24.7 24.7 Love Lane 108.7 123.2 119.6 108.7 ** 101.4 87.0 97.8 Milebush 97.9 58.1 70.3 73.4 ** 48.9 39.8 58.1 Northland 184.0 106.8 136.5 89.0 ** 154.3 169.1 178.0 Sunnylands 119.8 101.4 96.8 92.2 ** 82.9 69.1 87.6 Victoria 28.6 45.7 24.8 51.4 ** 68.6 61.0 47.6 Whitehead 54.5 27.3 43.6 49.0 ** 38.1 54.5 40.9 Woodburn 42.5 35.4 63.7 37.7 ** 42.5 40.1 54.2

Carrickfergus 61.3 53.3 53.6 54.2 ** 59.6 59.23 55.86 Northern Area 49.1 60.5 62.3 57.6 ** 51.7 63.0 53.7

**Note: Due to a school closure in 2005/06 rates for this year are unavailable Achieving 5 or More GCSEs (Grade A*- C) Source: School Census: NINIS 5+ GCSEs (or equivalent) at grade A*- C is recognised as the qualification which puts an individual on the employment/further education ladder. Without this level of qualification following 12 years of compulsory education, young people are left at a disadvantage in both the education and labour markets (DENI, 2008).

Graph 4.5 shows that there has been a variance of 5.4% in the percentage of school leavers from Carrickfergus gaining 5 or more GCSEs. In 2008/09 in the Northern Area Carrickfergus had the lowest percentage of school leavers achieving 5 or more GCSEs as shown in graph 4.6. In 2008/09 the wards with the lowest percentage of school leavers gaining 5 or more GCSEs were Northland 12%; Gortalee 21% and Sunnylands 27%. Achieving 5 or More GCSEs (Grade A*- C) Wards with a percentage of school leavers achieving 5 or more GCSEs lower than the Source: School Census: NINIS Northern Ireland average

2001/02 2002/03 2003/04 2004/05 2005/06 2006/07 2007/08 2008/09

Blackhead 76.9 ** 75.0 80.0 73.1 57.7 70.4 68.8 Bluefield 83.3 ** 82.5 71.1 70.6 80.4 72.0 83.7 Boneybefore 80.0 ** 73.3 88.2 81.8 76.5 85.7 83.3 Burleigh Hill 74.1 ** 81.8 67.3 83.0 75.0 79.7 64.4 Clipperstown 37.1 ** 26.9 39.3 40.7 39.3 44.7 34.5 Eden 74.0 ** 80.0 69.7 70.4 70.8 71.3 69.8 Gortalee 34.8 ** 54.5 45.0 17.6 46.2 70.0 21.4 Greenisland 54.8 ** 64.9 72.7 63.6 75.9 67.9 84.2 Killycrot 34.8 ** 40.0 40.0 58.3 48.2 50.0 38.1 Knockagh 91.7 ** 85.7 83.8 75.0 88.6 85.0 83.3 Love Lane 40.0 ** 46.7 50.0 14.3 20.0 25.0 37.5 Milebush 60.7 ** 61.5 60.0 46.2 57.9 65.0 50.0 Northland 12.5 ** 31.3 38.9 25.0 20.0 35.0 12.0 Sunnylands 18.8 ** 15.0 25.0 45.5 56.3 25.0 27.3 Victoria 61.4 ** 72.5 69.4 72.3 77.8 71.4 72.9 Whitehead 67.9 ** 80.5 75.0 81.8 90.9 67.7 78.6 Woodburn 66.7 ** 69.2 73.5 66.7 79.3 59.6 71.1

Carrickfergus 59.4 ** 66.4 65.5 62.9 68.3 66.9 65.3 Northern Ireland 58.6 ** 60.7 63.0 64.2 64.7 66.9 70.1

**Note: The 2002/03 School Leavers Survey was abandoned due to problems with the schools’ administrative system School Leavers going onto Higher, Further Education or Training Source: School Leavers Survey NINIS The term “Special Educational Needs” covers children who face barriers in their ability to learn, including dyslexia, dyspraxia, autism, Asperser’s Syndrome and attention-deficit-hyperactivity-disorder (ADHD). However the term also refers to children with moderate learning disabilities and physical disabilities (such as hearing, motor and visual disabilities). A statement of special educational needs (SEN) sets out a child's needs and the help they should have. It is reviewed annually to ensure that any extra support given continues to meet a child's needs. (directgov, 2010).

Graph 4.7 shows that the percentage of school leavers going onto higher and further education and training has increased by 12.2 percentage points from 2006/07 to 2008/09 and was above the Northern Area and Northern Ireland percentage in 2008/09. Graph 4.8 shows that Carrickfergus had the fifth lowest percentage of school levers going onto higher and further education and training in the Northern Area. Percentage of School Leavers going onto Higher/Further Education, Training and Employment Source: School Leavers Survey on NINIS Wards with a percentage of School Leavers going onto Higher/Further Education, Training or Employment lower than the Northern Ireland Average 2000/01 2001/02 2002/03 2003/04 2004/05 2005/06 2006/07 2007/08 2008/09 Blackhead 92.9 100.0 ** 85.0 75.0 84.6 96.2 92.6 87.5 Bluefield 96.4 90.9 ** 87.5 88.9 98.0 90.2 84.0 98.0 Boneybefore 85.2 100.0 ** 93.3 111.8 81.8 117.7 128.6 83.3 Burleigh Hill 98.4 96.3 ** 93.5 90.4 94.3 86.5 97.1 91.1 Clipperstown 84.6 82.7 ** 80.8 57.1 81.5 78.6 86.8 93.1 Eden 88.1 97.9 ** 91.7 89.4 94.4 90.8 93.8 98.4 Gortalee 94.1 90.5 ** 100.0 95.0 76.5 46.2 80.00 107.1 Greenisland 76.9 81.8 ** 94.6 84.9 90.9 93.1 92.9 92.1 Killycrot 68.0 79.2 ** 60.0 45.0 87.5 77.8 83.3 42.9 Knockagh 88.9 91.3 ** 97.1 97.3 82.1 105.7 102.5 86.7 Love Lane 91.3 70.8 ** 60.0 80.0 81.0 80.0 100.0 112.5 Milebush 97.4 82.1 ** 76.9 60.0 84.6 63.2 105.0 75.0 Northland 76.7 91.7 ** 68.8 105.6 89.3 80.0 80.0 76.0 Sunnylands 79.0 100.0 ** 80.0 75.0 86.4 75.0 100.0 81.8 Victoria 100.00 95.2 ** 92.5 93.9 93.6 80.0 90.5 97.9 Whitehead 90.5 85.7 ** 90.2 100.0 103.0 109.10 91.2 96.4 Woodburn 92.0 85.2 ** 88.5 88.2 97.0 79.3 97.9 97.4

Carrickfergus 93.1 91.6 ** 90.8 90.0 92.6 91.5 95.8 96.6

Northern Area 95.3 94.9 ** 94.3 93.5 95.1 93.8 95.1 94.9 Northern Ireland 94.5 94.1 ** 93.7 93.2 94.6 93.9 94.5 94.8 **Note: The 2002/03 School Leavers Survey was abandoned due to problems with the schools’ administrative system Due to suppressed data some percentages total over 100% Primary School Pupils with Statements of Special Educational Needs (Stage 5) Source: NINIS

The term “Special Educational Needs” covers children who face barriers in their ability to learn, including dyslexia, dyspraxia, autism, Asperser’s Syndrome and attention-deficit-hyperactivity-disorder (ADHD). However the term also refers to children with moderate learning disabilities and physical disabilities (such as hearing, motor and visual disabilities). A statement of special educational needs (SEN) sets out a child's needs and the help they should have. It is reviewed annually to ensure that any extra support given continues to meet a child's needs. (directgov, 2010).

Graph 4.9 and graph 4.10 illustrated that the percentage of primary and post-primary pupils in Carrickfergus with statements of special educational need (stage 5) is lower than the Northern Area and Northern Ireland percentages. Graph 4.10 also shows this percentage has increased between 2005/06 and 2008/09. Pupils with SEN Stage 1 to 4 Source: NINIS The Stages of SEN Stage 1: Pupils with special educational needs that are being met through differentiated instruction by class/form teacher alone. Stage 2: Pupils with special educational needs that are being met through differentiated instruction by class/form teacher supported by the school’s SENCO. Stage 3: Pupils with special educational needs that are being met through differentiated instruction by class/form teacher supported by the school’s SENCO and using an Education Plan informed by an outside professional such as an educational psychologist. Stage 5: Pupils with a statement of special educational need made and maintained by an Education and Library Board. Stage 5 Support Services: Stage 5 Support Services are services provided by a Board that can be accessed at Stage 5 provided the pupil meets the necessary criteria. Stage 5 Support Services are normally teachers with specific expertise. They give appropriate, specialist advice and support to the child and school. Often this help is provided on a long-term basis. (Education Support for Northern Ireland, 2010)

Graph 4.11 shows that the percentage of primary pupils with SEN stage 1 to 4 in Carrickfergus has fluctuated by 1% over the 3 year period from 2006/07 to 2008/09, while graph 4.12 shows that the percentage of post-primary pupils with SEN stage 1 to 4 has varied by 1.8% over the 4 year period from 2005/06 to 2008/09. Experiencing Economic and Environmental Well-Being Percentage of Children Dependant on Claimants of Income Support Source: NINIS Income Support is a tax-free, income related benefit payable to people between 16 and 60 whose income from all sources is below the minimum level set by Parliament. Levels of child poverty in Northern Ireland are high. 32% of children live in households whose only income derives from benefits, compared with 19% of children in Britain living in families totally dependent on benefits (Horgan, G. 2005).

From graph 5.1 it can been seen that the percentage of children living in Income Support households in Carrickfergus has remained fairly equal with a 2% variance over the 8 year period, and has also remained below the percentage in the Northern Area and Northern Ireland. Graph 5.2 highlights that Carrickfergus had the third lowest percentage of children living in Income Support Households compared with the rest of the Northern Area at March 2010. Percentage of Children Dependant on Claimants of Income Support Source: NINIS Wards with percentage of children dependant on claimants of Income Support higher than the Carrickfergus Average

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

Blackhead 10.5 13.75 15.25 13.25 13.25

Bluefield 1.26 1.26 2.01 2.14 3.4

Boneybefore 5.39 1.47 6.37 6.37 9.8

Burleigh Hill 4.76 4.76 4.08 3.97 3.4

Clipperstown 22.57 23.15 25.29 20.04 26.49

Eden 4.2 5.03 5.94 5.03 6.76

Gortalee 29.41 26.76 28.23 23.53 22.35

Greenisland 10.87 10.7 9.98 7.66 7.3

Killycrot 23.51 26.73 24.26 22.03 20.54

Knockagh 5.76 3.23 4.84 3.46 2.99

Love Lane 43.5 42.6 37.76 35.95 30.51

Milebush 21.81 18.88 17.55 13.83 14.63

Northland 42.53 36.46 32.91 37.21 39.49

Sunnylands 31.32 30.57 26.79 29.06 31.7

Victoria 16.52 13.18 15.29 14.59 14.59

Whitehead 6.81 8.52 7.3 7.06 7.54

Woodburn 6.59 6.04 5.13 6.04 7.14

Carrickfergus 13.89 13.35 13.25 12.24 12.94 Percentage of Children Dependant on Claimants of Job Seekers Allowance Source: NINIS There are two types of Job Seekers Allowance 1: Contributed: If a person is unemployed and has paid enough National Insurance Contributions and is available for and actively seeking work. 2: Income Based: if a person is unemployed, available for and actively seeking work but has not paid enough National Insurance Contribution to receive Job Seekers Allowance (Contributed).

Graph 5.3 shows that the percentage of children in Job Seeker Allowance (JSA) households had steadily decreased from 2002 to 2008 but has increased by five times between 2008 and 2010, but has remained lower than the Northern Area and Northern Ireland percentages over the eight years. Graph 5.4 demonstrates that the percentage of children in JSA households in Carrickfergus was the second lowest in the Northern Area at March 2010. Multiple Deprivation Measures Rank Scores Source: NINIS

Table 5.1 Table 5.2

2005 MDM 2005 MDM 2005 MDM Rank 2010 MDM 2010 MDM 2010 MDM Rank Ward Rank in Rank in in Northern Ward Rank in Rank in in Northern Carrickfergus Northern Area Ireland Carrickfergus Northern Area Ireland

Northland 1 3 50 Northland 1 2 37 Love Lane 2 14 82 Sunnylands 2 8 58 Gortalee 3 27 123 Love Lane 3 18 81

Sunnylands 4 32 135 Killycrot 4 29 128

Clipperstown 5 43 176 Gortalee 5 41 152

Killycrot 6 57 224 Clipperstown 6 46 168 Victoria 7 128 418 Milebush 7 96 324

Blackhead 8 138 453 Victoria 8 102 347 Milebush 9 145 469 Blackhead 9 133 435 Greenisland 10 155 491 Woodburn 10 154 484 Whitehead 11 164 513 Whitehead 11 155 486

Woodburn 12 165 514 Greenisland 12 163 508

Eden 13 167 517 Eden 13 167 524

Burleigh Hill 14 168 519 Burleigh Hill 14 173 533 Boneybefore 15 177 543 Boneybefore 15 178 554 Knockagh 16 179 552 Knockagh 16 181 566 Bluefield 17 182 567 Bluefield 17 184 574 Within the 20% most deprived wards in the Within the 20% most deprived wards in Northern Northern Area Ireland Map of Carrickfergus Showing 2010 Multiple Deprivation at Super Output Area Source: NINIS

Blackhead Eden Woodburn Whitehead

1: Clipperstown 2: Burleigh Hill 8 7 3: Northland 6 4: Sunny lands Rank in Northern Ireland 2 5: Lovelane 3 5 Boneybefore 6: Victoria 1 4 7: Bluefield 8: Milebush Killycrot Knockagh

Green Island

Gortalee Free School Meals Source: NINIS A pupil is entitled to Free School Meals if their parent/guardian is in receipt of Income Support, Income-Based Job Seekers Allowance, Income-related Employment and Support Allowance. Poverty is known to affect children's self-confidence and their relationship with other children. Young people living in low income households report a stigma attached to their circumstances, which impacts on school and community involvement. Children growing up in poverty are more likely to suffer from low self-esteem. (Griggs and Walker, 2008)

Graph 5.5 shows that the percentage of primary pupils with free school meal entitlement has increase between 2006/07 and 2008/09, and was lower that the Northern Area percentage between 2205/06 and 2008/09. Graph 5.6 shows that the percentage of primary pupils with free school meal entitlement in Carrickfergus was the third lowest in the Northern Area in 2008/09. Free School Meals Source: NINIS A Health Promotion Agency study into the mental health and well-being of young people found that those in lower economic classes are more likely to worry about having enough money and about crime – particularly violence – compared with their counterparts in higher economic classes. They also tend to worry more about getting a job and about their future prospects and were less likely to be optimistic about the future. Tellingly, the suicide rate for young males living in deprived areas of Northern Ireland is nearly twice that for those living in wealthier communities... (Save the Children, 2007)

Graph 5.7 shows that the percentage of post-primary pupils in Carrickfergus has been lower than that of the Northern Area between 2000/01 and 2008/09. Graph 5.8 shows that Carrickfergus had the lowest percentage of post-primary pupils with free school entitlement in 2008/09 in the Northern Area. Percentage of Post-Primary Pupils with Free School Entitlement Source: NINIS The wards with percentage of post-primary pupils with free school meal entitlement higher than the Northern Ireland Average

2000/01 2001/02 2002/03 2003/04 2004/05 2005/06 2006/07 2007/08 2008/09 2009/10

Blackhead 5.26 6.82 11.3 6.6 7.3 7.8 7.1 7.6 8.4 9.9 Bluefield 1.36 1.34 1.2 3.6 3.1 * 0 1.4 3.0 0.0 Boneybefore 2.73 3.41 3.0 3.5 0 * 0 5.7 6.8 8.1 Burleigh Hill 0.83 0.83 0.8 2.5 2.5 3.4 3.7 4.0 5.9 7.0 Clipperstown 23.49 18.29 16.8 17.5 21.7 15.8 17.5 13.8 15.7 16.6 Eden 4.29 3.94 4.1 3.1 4.0 2.6 2.4 2.5 2.9 2.1 Gortalee 39.62 25.49 29.8 19.6 21.6 19.3 15.8 18.2 22.8 24.7 Greenisland 8.33 7.04 7.7 7.6 8.7 4.7 7.5 5.1 9.0 11.4 Killycrot 23.14 23.85 23.1 19.8 21.7 19.0 25.4 23.6 19.1 20.2 Knockagh 1.64 1.52 1.5 3.5 3.0 3.6 4.4 2.8 2.8 3.2 Love Lane 35.83 31.25 30.9 37.7 37.6 45.6 35.4 36.4 29.7 36.4 Milebush 10.00 9.80 6.7 13.9 12.9 12.1 10.7 11.9 12.1 18.6 Northland 38.35 31.25 33.8 35.1 40.7 40.8 38.9 36.5 28.9 32.1 Sunnylands 24.00 28.71 30.9 29.8 27.4 29.6 28.2 35.1 33.3 34.5 Victoria 10.59 8.51 10.0 10.5 11.5 11.2 8.7 9.2 9.5 11.6 Whitehead 4.94 4.91 5.0 5.5 7.4 6.7 4.6 4.0 4.4 4.3 Woodburn 5.06 7.22 1.6 6.1 5.2 6.8 5.0 5.7 4.6 8.8

Carrickfergus 11.2 9.86 10 10.1 10.5 9.9 9.0 8.8 9.2 10.0

Northern Area 16.0 15.2 14.6 13.9 14.5 13.4 12.7 12.0 11.6 17.8 Northern 22.0 21.3 20.4 19.8 19.8 18.9 18.2 17.0 16.5 17.4 Ireland Overcrowded Conditions Source: NIHE Overcrowding is four times as prevalent in social rented housing as in owner occupation (www.poverty.org.uk). Children living in poor or over crowded conditions are more likely to have respiratory problems, to be at risk of infections and have mental health problems. Housing that is in poor condition or overcrowded also threatens children's safety. Living in poor or overcrowded housing conditions also affects a child’s ability to learn which can have a lasting impact on a child’s chances of succeeding in life. Furthermore, the roots of later problems – such as offending and behaviour problems in adulthood (Shelter, 2006). Contributing Positively to Community and Society Young People who Participate in Youth Facilities Source: ELB Data from the Youth Council NI

There is widespread agreement between youth workers and adults that youth work results in a range of “soft” and “hard” outcomes; such as enhanced personal qualities and feelings - confidence, self-esteem, personal and social awareness, amicability and sociability; opportunities for association in positive contexts, strengthening friendships and establishing new ones; new and more diverse experiences and opportunities (which are more likely with longer periods of involvement); enhanced positive and pro-social behaviour; practical skills (e.g. making decisions, planning and organising, budgeting, cooking, teamwork, group work, communications, arts and creativity, various sports, games and activities); information, advice and advocacy (e.g. health, relationships, sexuality, the law, careers and formal education); practical support for formal education; and in some cases direct provision of (and support for) alternative routes to qualifications; support for young people’s families by youth workers, integration of family members within the work of the youth group/project, more positive approaches to parenting (and to young people in general) by adults involved in youth work; improved communications and relationships between young people and adults within communities; opportunities for practical intergenerational cooperation at local level; improvement in local conditions and amenities, providing local leadership (both young people and adults), cooperation and coordination with other local services (Devlin, M in Thinking Seriously About it…the future of the Youth Service, 2009) Registered Youth Facilities in NEELB Area Source: ELB data from the Youth Council NI

The Youth Service exists to support and encourage young people to mature and reach their potential as valued individuals and responsible citizens. It is educational in the sense that it provides a social education within the broad spectrum of diverse activity (DENI, 2010).