February 8, 2007 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H1405 this seemingly unending cause. So I am tration’s open-ended stay-the-course ‘‘The New Way Forward,’’ and Mr. requesting in this resolution, House policy in Iraq and start a new direc- WOLF assures me that the entire strat- Resolution 140, that they be taken off tion. That unity has changed control of egy in Iraq is right from the Iraq Study the streets and allowed to focus on a this very Congress, led to the departure Group. mission that would truly help bring of Secretary Rumsfeld, helped drive So I point out to the gentleman from about an end to this war once and for the bipartisan consensus behind the Missouri, and I would be happy to yield all. Iraq Study Group recommendations. to him if he had a response, that the Make no mistake, the job of hunting Yet the Bush administration, in re- plan and the strategy of the Presi- insurgents throughout Iraqi neighbor- sponse, proposes another escalation, a dent’s for a new way forward in Iraq is hoods is noble, but this is a job for the so-called surge. As I said last month on not flying in the face of the Iraq Study Iraqis, not troops who should this floor, the escalation plan flies in Group. In fact, it follows directly down be on their way home. The time has the face of military experts, of the bi- the path of the Iraq Study Group. If the come for a new strategy, Madam partisan Iraq Study Group, Democratic gentleman from Missouri would care to Speaker, one that focuses on taking and Republican leaders in this Con- engage, I would certainly be willing to our troops out of harm’s way and pres- gress, and the American public. This yield. suring the Iraqi Government to finally Congress has a solemn duty to listen I came here to talk about that sub- take the mantle. and take action. ject matter, in fact, Madam Speaker. Once that government is up and run- Recently, the mother of a young sol- And as I listened to my colleagues in ning, they be able to put the Iraqi dier being deployed back to Iraq told preparation for this 60-minute Special military into action; develop a plan to me, Congressman CARNAHAN, I am one Order, I will just take from the top ensure Sunnis, Shias, and Kurds ben- of those mothers who is against the some of the notes that come to mind. efit from Iraq’s vast oil resources; cre- war in Iraq. But my son volunteered to And one is, from the beginning, the ate jobs; and do the numerous other serve his country. Please be sure they gentleman from New Jersey spoke things necessary to bring peace to that get the support and equipment they about ExxonMobil’s highest corporate troubled land. need to come home quickly and safely. profits, the highest corporate profits, We must also consider the lives of That mother’s heartfelt request is a perhaps, ever in the history of the millions of Iraqi civilians. Are the in- powerful example of our national unity country, and the promise by this Pelosi surgents using our presence, the pres- and resolve to support our troops and Congress to provide energy independ- ence of troops, on the oppose the escalation policy that is not ence. And then the gentlewoman from streets of Baghdad as an excuse to blow making the Iraqi Government more Ohio also spoke about ExxonMobil’s up neighborhoods? Would they be bet- self-reliant, not making the Middle profits, and the details of that were ter protected if we significantly reduce East more stable, and not mak- such that they have $40 billion in prof- our presence? I believe so, Madam ing our country safer. its. Did they lower prices at the pump? Speaker, and it is another reason that Next week, after this Iraq war has ex- Well, yes. Prices at the pump are a the President and the Secretary of De- tended longer even than World War II, dollar a gallon cheaper than they were fense should consider instituting this this Congress will have an historic, when oil prices were up to $75 a barrel. plan. This is a practical solution to long, and thorough debate about the In fact, the prices at the pump almost that seemingly unsolvable problem. escalation plan. I believe the result directly reflect the lowering of the The use of the Iraqis will reduce war will be a bipartisan vote reflecting the prices and the cost of the barrels of expenses as well, lessening the burden reality that a fourth U.S. escalation is crude oil. on the American taxpayer and bring the wrong direction for our country. And then, of course, the argument about a quicker conclusion to this con- When this Congress acts in unison that there was a class action lawsuit flict. with the American people, great against them for $3.5 billion. And one Madam Speaker, it is time to bring change is possible. In the weeks and might take that as a concern until one this war to a responsible end for the months ahead, I believe this Congress sees that that, Madam Speaker, is Ala- American people, for the Iraqis, and for will undertake its constitutional re- bama. Well, Alabama is a venue shop- our brave troops. And I will continue sponsibilities with all seriousness and pers’ State of choice. Someone who has to do all I can to help make this a re- dispatch to continue this solemn de- a lawsuit, and the attorneys across this ality. bate, to exercise detailed oversight, country know this, when they want to and to use the tools available to us to bring a class action lawsuit, they look f change the direction of the war, to sup- around and they say what State has fa- The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under a port our troops, to de-escalate the war, vorable laws; what State produces fa- previous order of the House, the gentle- and to escalate the political solution in vorable juries. Where is the class envy woman from the (Mrs. Iraq. so focused and where they have a belief CHRISTENSEN) is recognized for 5 min- Working together, great change is that you can put 12 men and women on utes. possible. a jury and they would lay out a puni- (Mrs. CHRISTENSEN addressed the f tive case against a company because House. Her remarks will appear here- they see a company as somehow or an- after in the Extensions of Remarks.) THE WAR ON TERROR other an evil Big Brother. f The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under That is how you end up with these the Speaker’s announced policy of Jan- $3.5 billion or maybe $9 billion punitive THE PROPOSED TROOP uary 18, 2007, the gentleman from Iowa damages in a class action lawsuit. ESCALATION IN IRAQ (Mr. KING) is recognized for 60 minutes We have dealt with this, Madam The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under a as the designee of the minority leader. Speaker, in the Judiciary Committee previous order of the House, the gen- Mr. KING of Iowa. Madam Speaker, I in the years that I have been in this tleman from Missouri (Mr. CARNAHAN) hope the gentleman from Missouri Congress, and we passed legislation out is recognized for 5 minutes. would just suspend a moment before he of the House, and not successful in the Mr. CARNAHAN. Madam Speaker, I leaves the floor. Senate, that would allow a company want to congratulate the gentleman I would like to have the privilege to that operates in multiple States, in from Georgia on his legislation, and I address the subject matter that he fact, maybe internationally, to be able look forward to working with him on raised and the issue of the Iraq Study to ask that a case that has been venue those efforts with many others here in Group. And it is somewhat of a long shopped and taken to a State where the House. book to read through, but I had a con- there is a minimal amount of economic When the American people and this versation this afternoon with the gen- activity but a maximum amount of pu- Congress stand in unity, great change tleman from Virginia (Mr. WOLF), and I nitive damages offered by the juries is possible. Last fall from every corner have lifted some things out of the Iraq there, a State that has that kind of of our Nation, we spoke loud and clear Study Group’s report that are clearly reputation, we have passed legislation to demand an end to the Bush adminis- part of the President’s agenda in Iraq, here in the House that would allow

VerDate Aug 31 2005 04:07 Feb 09, 2007 Jkt 059060 PO 00000 Frm 00059 Fmt 7634 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\K08FE7.158 H08FEPT1 hmoore on PROD1PC68 with HMHOUSE H1406 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE February 8, 2007 that to be changed to a Federal venue particularly some leases that were per- said, well, yes, but we think that you rather than a State venue so that we haps profitable in the gulf coast, if you have some to give, and so we are ask- can eliminate some of this ghastly have leases that are deemed by the ing you to discount your work, do it profiteering that is taking place and government to be profitable, we are more cleanly, because we think you the punishment of some of our best going to require you, as a company, to can afford to. corporate citizens that we have in renegotiate those leases. If you don’t Well, what principle are you basing America. renegotiate, then we are going to for- that judgment on because someone And I sat here tonight and listened to bid you, ban you, blackball you, black can’t afford to discount something? a handful of speakers, and two of them list you from a company that can nego- How can you ask them to do that in a turned their focus on ExxonMobil, and tiate future leases offshore, like, actu- free enterprise society? I asked that they can’t seem to understand that be- ally, I believe, domestically in shore on question of the engineers, and they cause we have large and successful oil land and in the United States. said, well, again, we they think that companies in America that they are Now, what kind of a deal is it when you can afford to do that. continuing to invest those profits into you have a deal, and the Congress So let me ask you a question. If I had research and development and explo- comes here and passes legislation that lost my shirt on this job, which I likely ration. says a deal is not a deal. Yes, you had could have done, and maybe even lost The gentlewoman from Ohio la- a deal. We signed it all in good faith, my business, would you have stepped mented that they bought back $10 bil- but we found out it was a good deal. So up and said things didn’t go so well for lion worth of their stock. Can she spec- now we are going to take some of that you, here is some extra? They just ulate that perhaps that gives them profit ourselves. I have spent my life in smiled and snickered a little bit be- enough control now that they can in- the contracting business, and I have in- cause they knew it was ludicrous to vest more of their profits in explo- vested a little bit of capital, and I was think that when things go bad that ration? And if they invest more in ex- able to add a little more to it and roll there is going to be anybody in there ploration, that means there will be a little back in and work hard and take holding my hand or ExxonMobil’s more oil on the market, which means some chances and work smart. hands or Shell’s or Chevron’s or any- then, of course, this law of supply and Over a period of time, I was able to body else’s. They suffer all of their demand, which I believe in, which ev- build a little capital up and get to the losses, and they have to have a margin eryone on the Republican side of the point where we could bid some projects in the work that they do. aisle believes in, which some of the that had some significant value. I have We must have successful companies people on the other side of the aisle be- seen this kind of envy rise up when here operating out of the United lieve in, that supply and demand will someone looks over and sees the indus- States, and especially developing our drive down our prices. And that is ex- trious nature of their neighbor and de- domestic supplies of energy. If we fail actly what has been happening, Madam cides they want some of that hard- to do that, then we are absolutely de- Speaker. earned profit. I have had it happen to pendent upon middle eastern oil. If we So I have to rise in defense of the me when I had a contract that I had are up to that 60 percent or so of our companies that have provided cheap significant profit in. oil that is imported now, think what it gas in this country, cheap oil in this I can think of one in particular where would be like, Madam Speaker, if it country, and even still, whatever the I was able to purchase some materials was 100 percent. price of gas is, milk is still more expen- because I negotiated. I played my cards So this effort to go down here and sive. But not only that, the product right, I went and built those relation- argue that we will see energy depend- that has been free all of my life, that ships with all the people that were in- ence under Pelosi’s term here in Con- product called ‘‘drinking water’’ and, volved. It was a string of people gress, I would submit that they have in fact, now bottled water, is more ex- through bankruptcy and banks. In the done anything but. They have changed pensive in the machine at the gas sta- process of doing that, everything had the deal and said the Federal Govern- tion per gallon than a gallon of gas is to come together just right. The tim- ment’s word is not good, we want a tax, coming out of the pump right next to it ing had to be just right. I was at great windfall profits. If we can find a way by far. In fact, the last time I cal- risk if I was not successful in putting where we are jealous of your profit, we culated that, it was a little over $9 a that all together so that I could buy a will find a way where we can take it gallon to get your bottled water out of large quantity of dirt for a reasonable and put it into the government coffers. the machine at the gas station where price and it was handy. A company that will look at that is gas was selling for about $2.15. In fact, when I first talked to the going to take their profits and decide So we need to keep this in perspec- banker about that piece of land, he said why do I want to invest my profits in tive. We cannot be punishing those it would take $25,000 just to retain an further exploration if the Federal Gov- companies that are out there exploring attorney to represent me in negoti- ernment is going to come in and cancel and putting this oil on the market so ating the purchase of that. That gives the deal, which they have done. I will that we have the convenience of rel- you a measure of how difficult it was. submit that, perhaps, $40 million that atively cheap fuel and the mobile soci- But, in fact, I was successful pur- may be available, and it is probably a ety that we have. If we did not have chasing that on that farm for the lot more than that is available for ex- these companies and you pulled their purposes of taking it into a project we ploration, that will continue to put oil expertise and their capital and their re- were building, and, of course, I made supply on the market. serves off the market, we would be far, some money. I would submit that it is more likely far more dependent upon - If I had been wrong, if I hadn’t been that exploration investment will go ern oil and much, much more of Amer- able to complete that purchase, then it overseas to foreign countries, and per- ica’s economy and the profits that we would have cost me a lot of money. But haps even into the Middle East and have would be skimmed off to go to the when the time came, the owners sat me places where we don’t have such a sta- Middle East to fund the people who are down, and the engineers sat me down, ble environment, while we sit on mas- lined up against us militarily and and they said, well, we see that you are sive supplies and energy here in the philosophically. making money here, and now we would United States, not because the oil is like you to discount the work you are not there, not because the natural gas b 1900 doing because we think you can afford isn’t there, but because this Congress We are trying to get to energy inde- to do that. has become a jealous Congress. This pendence. The Pelosi plan doesn’t take I looked them in the face, and I Congress has become a vindictive Con- us to energy independence. In the first thought, well, why are you asking me gress. This Congress has become a Con- 100 hours, one of those first six pieces to give some of my profit over to the gress that has decided that they are of legislation, H.R. 1 through 6, pick owners? Isn’t it all justly earned? And going to play legislative corporate your number, the one that addressed isn’t it ethical, and didn’t I bid this for class envy against companies that are energy, went out and punished oil com- a price, and was not it low bid? Not a providing an economic supply of energy panies. It said, if you have leases, and no bid, but a low-bid contract? They to this country.

VerDate Aug 31 2005 04:07 Feb 09, 2007 Jkt 059060 PO 00000 Frm 00060 Fmt 7634 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\K08FE7.161 H08FEPT1 hmoore on PROD1PC68 with HMHOUSE February 8, 2007 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H1407 I have always had the view that if I the hydrogen, on the horizon, the cel- that we are at war with whichever sov- didn’t like the way someone was doing lulosic ethanol that is coming, piece ereign nations may be the subject of business, if I thought they were mak- after piece of this energy pie needs to that declaration. ing too much profit, then that should be added together. Then we change the That declaration shows the commit- say to the whole world, well, there is proportion of the pieces so that gaso- ment of Congress to support our troops opportunity there. If Exxon is making line from middle eastern oil becomes a and their mission. I will say that all of this profit, and it has made so smaller piece, and diesel fuel from mid- again, to support our troops and their many people irate that out of six or dle eastern oil becomes a smaller piece. mission, and the lead troop is the com- eight speakers two of them come to the Ethanol becomes a larger piece. Bio- mander in chief, the President of the floor to speak about that very thing, diesel becomes a larger piece. Cel- United States, George W. Bush, who then I would submit, go out and start lulosic down the line a half a decade does call these shots. your own oil company. from now can really start to take hold, Our founding fathers understood you That is the American way. You have and we can replace some of the elec- cannot fight a war by committee, and a chance to do whatever you want to do tricity that is being generated by the you can’t put your finger into the wind in this country. Go ahead and get an natural gas with wind energy, and that and ask the public to poll and ask how investor’s group together, or go buy up is an environmentally friendly and con- you should go about fighting a war. If a group of oil companies, put them to- servation approach that is good for our we are going to sit here and say, well, gether and go out there, and invest environment. the public polls say that the support your capital, see how you do. All of these tools are at our disposal, for the operations in Iraq, the battle- In fact, I welcome that. I think we but one of the tools we seem to use is ground of Iraq, which is a battleground need a lot of competition, and we need we want to punish the corporations in the broader global war on terror, if a lot of exploration, and we need to be that are busily contributing to growing we are going to take the position that developing our oil supplies more now the size of the energy pie, and also di- this Congress can steal the polls and than we ever have before. This is the versifying some of their investments so make military recommendations or time to push, because perhaps a gen- they aren’t just locked into the petro- pass edicts here or take the budget and eration from now we will have leum but adding the diversification out squeeze down our support for our transitioned into a lot of other kinds of there, so that they can contribute also troops or shut it off like they did at fuel and gas and oil will not be so im- to adjusting the size of the pieces in the end of the Vietnam War, that we portant and will not be so relevant any this larger growing energy pie. can micromanage a war from the floor longer. It isn’t just the gas and the oil That is how this needs to be done. We of the Congress? and the fuel that comes from our crude need to be doing it by complimenting It is a ridiculous concept, and it was oil, but it is all the other energy sup- the companies that are competing in a ridiculous concept for the President plies out there. the open market, not by punishing of the United States during the Viet- Now, I understand that the other side them, not by defying the rules of free nam War, to micromanage that war. of the aisle and the Pelosi plan is going enterprise with Congressional action, President Johnson should have turned to include some things like conserva- not by changing the deal, not by jerk- that over to his military personnel at tion, and I suspect reasonable con- ing the rug out from underneath. I the joint chiefs of staffs, who would have relied upon their commanders in servation measures. I think it is aw- would suggest that there is a Chevron the field. If they were not satisfied fully hard to legislate. I think the mar- find in the Gulf of , I understand with those results, they would have kets do more for that than we could it is about 265 miles southwest of New changed them. It is the prerogative of probably do with legislation. Conserva- Orleans, that may add as much as a 50 the President to remove generals and tion is a component. But I would ask to percent more to the overall reserves or appoint new generals. put in your mind’s eye the idea that I the overall production of oil in the Of course, the Senate confirms those call the energy pie. The energy pie, United States. higher appointments, as we saw happen With that field opening up, and the shaped like a clock, for example, but a little over a week ago, with the con- slices of that pie, pieces of the pie, or necessity to open up in ANWR, we can, firmation of General David Petraeus. the components of it would come from if we are aggressive, we can reduce dra- Now, we find ourselves in this odd di- all of the areas where we get energy. matically our dependency on foreign chotomy here, this odd contradiction, So I would submit that a certain per- oil, and then, of course, we add to that where Congress has, and I am speaking, centage of our overall BTU consump- the renewable energies that I have I should say specifically, the Senate tion in America is gasoline. Some is talked about. We can get there. We will has unanimously endorsed the Presi- diesel fuel. Some is fuel oil. Then those not get there if we scare our companies dent’s choice to be the commander of hydrocarbons that come from crude oil, off, if we punish them for doing good all operations in Iraq, General David and then, in addition to that, we have and doing the right thing. Petraeus. a lot of our electricity, significant So I will move from that energy dis- Personally, I would put into the amount comes from hydroelectric and cussion and move to the discussion by RECORD that he is the singular most nuclear and coal fired, especially clean the gentleman, Mr. ANDREWS, on Iran. I impressive individual that I have met coal fired, and we also, then, out of want to compliment him for the tone in a military uniform in my lifetime. I that energy, then, in addition to that, and the thoughtfulness and the con- do not believe that there could be an- we have our ethanol, our biodiesel. We stitutional discussion that he brought other choice. I do not believe that have hydrogen. There is a whole list of here to the floor. I have no doubt that there could be a better choice to head sources for energy in America, and we he understands the Constitution, and up these operations in this new way need to look at that, like all the BTUs he is correct when he says the power to forward in Iraq than General David consumed in America, a big energy pie, declare a war is with this Congress con- Petraeus. and then reprioritize that. Let us stitutionally. change the size of the pieces and grow But, also, the commander in chief of b 1915 the size of the energy pie. our military is the President of the Not only does he understand the I want more BTUs on the market. I United States, and that is clear, and overall strategy, he has written the want a lot more energy on the market. that is a constitutional principle that book on counterinsurgencies. He spent I want to go everywhere we can to get should not be challenged by this Con- years in Iraq. I first met him over that energy and pour it into the mar- gress. He is the commander in chief. there in October of 2003 where he com- ketplace and do it so that we can sup- There is nothing in the Constitution manded the 101st Airborne that had ply more BTUs than we are using. that says Congress shall have the au- gone in and liberated the region about If we can do that, we can drive down thority to declare a war and then three provinces and in the region of the cost of all energy. We need to do micromanage every little operation of Mosul. And there, as I sat and received that by adding it by component by that war. Simply when Congress de- a briefing from him, I will tell this lit- component. The ethanol, the biodiesel, clares war, they say we send a message tle anecdote about General Petraeus, more coal, more wind, I left that out, to all sovereign nations in the world that is, he started to give a briefing.

VerDate Aug 31 2005 04:07 Feb 09, 2007 Jkt 059060 PO 00000 Frm 00061 Fmt 7634 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\K08FE7.163 H08FEPT1 hmoore on PROD1PC68 with HMHOUSE H1408 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE February 8, 2007 And it was in a way, a classical But to set up this Congress and to use history, I will speak again to the Ira- Powerpoint slide show, but a slide show the committees and use the committee nian issue of Mr. ANDREWS, which is, he of pictures, the reality of what had chairs and the ranking members to criticized the regime of Iran. I agree taken place there. And he had a somehow configure a away to bring in with him. It is an unstable leader that cordless microphone. motions and micromanage a war is a they have. And they have some Now I do not get very many briefings guaranteed military debacle. There has mullahs that seem to be directing the that last an hour and a half, unless I never been a successful committee op- action of that unstable leader. So that happen to be the one that is delivering eration fighting a war in history, and cabal in the middle appears to me to them. But General Petraeus spoke for there is no way that you can set a be, from our view, from our Western about an hour or a little more, and the precedent here out of this Congress, es- civilization view, an irrational group of battery went dead on his microphone. pecially as divided and as defeatist as leaders. The moment before the battery went it is on the majority side of the aisle. He said the regime must never have a dead, he had picked up another micro- It seems to me that the will to win nuclear weapon. I agree, Mr. ANDREWS, phone that was laying there, and with- this war runs a successful clear dis- 100 percent, they must never have a nu- out even breaking stride, laid the one tinct victory that would be written by clear weapon. And yet we cannot go down, picked the microphone up with the historians as a distant victory, is forward. He said we cannot go for a the fresh battery in it, and proceeded not really something that is loved and reckless premature action against Iran. to complete that briefing that lasted anticipated by the people on the other I agree with that as well. It cannot be about 90 minutes. side of the aisle. And this is not a reckless, it cannot be premature. He had the solution sitting there stretch that comes out of my imagina- But does anybody really think that waiting for the problem. He used every tion, Madam Speaker. But it is simply we can make nice enough, talk nice single minute of the 90 minutes ex- an observation from in this Chamber, enough, be reasonable enough and take traordinarily effectively. Not only did when the Commander in Chief gave his our case to the Iranians and say some- he talk about politics and tactics and State of the Union Address last month, how can we just put out an olive the military deployment that they had now when he spoke about committing branch here, and have an open discus- there, the difficulties that they had to victory in Iraq, one-half of this sion and find out what our disagree- faced, he talked about how he had Chamber stood in a thunderous stand- ments. Does anybody really think that called for elections in Mosul. ing ovation, and the other half of the Ahmadinejad or the mullahs would just Mosul was liberated in late March Chamber, Madam Speaker, sat on their then peacefully come to the table, and 2003. They had elections there in May hands in silence, disgraceful silence. they could be reasoned into a position of 2003. And at the table later on the Could they not know that our troops of giving up their nuclear weapons? next day, I met with the new governor in the field have televisions in real I mean, they came out yesterday, and of Mosul and the vice-governor of Moss, time over there in Iraq and in Afghani- their announcement was that they will one a Shiia, one a Kurd. One might stan, and in other parts where our continue to develop their nuclear weap- have been a Sunni and the other was a troops are today, supporting our troops ons, and they say they have a right to Kurd. But regardless, he had represent- that are in the front lines? Could they do so. But does anybody believe that atives from two different sectarian fac- not know that our commanders all the they can be talked out of them? I am tions there, and then a business leader way down the line to the privates are wondering what it is about human na- at the table who was proficient in watching this disgraceful lack of sup- ture that I see this so clearly that they English. port? Their lives are on the line, and have gone down this path, they will not You could tell by the eye contact of they will hear Members from this side let go, they will not give up. those three men, they were a team that of the aisle to a man and to a woman Why does anybody on that side of the was working together. General say, I support the troops. I support the aisle, Madam Speaker, think that they Petraeus understood the military and troops. I support the troops. can debate Ahmadinejad into giving up the tactics, understands them better And the question to follow is, what his nuclear missiles and his nuclear today than he did then, and he under- about their mission? Do you support technology and ability, when I would stood them very well then. He under- their mission? And that is when you ask them, how long has it been since stands the politics. He understands the cannot get a question answer from you have seen anybody in this Congress economics. And he studied this. It has hardly anybody on the Democratic side change their mind because of the shear been his focus, it has been his life. He of the aisle. In fact, the Speaker herself force of a debate? loves his soldiers. I am looking forward declined to say yes to that point blank I mean, these are not so momentous to a completion of this mission in Iraq question sometime in December of last a decision that we make, but we come that will be I believe a successful mis- year. down here on the floor. And how often sion. She said it was not a matter of vic- can anyone point to a single time that Mr. ANDREWS spoke about Iran. I di- tory, it was a matter of managing. they have said something that was so gressed a bit before I get to that point. Well, they want to manage their way profound, so honest, so insightful that I support his constitutional conclusion out of there, and I will submit that the another Member said, I did not know that Congress alone declares war. But I rule of warfare is, victory goes to the that. I am on your side, I will switch would submit, in addition to that side that is occupying the territory at my position, change my vote, I will be statement, that the Commander in the end of the war. You cannot lift peo- with you because you made sense. Chief calls the shots. We declare war, if ple off with helicopters off a U.S. em- It is so utterly rare in this Congress, that is what the situation calls for. bassy in places like Saigon, and say, why would the gentleman believe that And then Congress shall not get in well, we really won the war, we we could send negotiators over to Iran, the way and micromanage the oper- tactically won the war, we did not lose and they would say, well, it makes ations. No war by committee, Madam a battle, we won, we left because we sense to me. We will just demolish all Speaker, and no interference here on wanted to, it was kind of an asterisk of that nuclear capability. We want to the part of these Members of Congress, that those things happened down there. sign a peace treaty with you all. We except if they have an issue then they We tactically did win every battle. will start trading and it will be a won- can do, behind-the-doors oversight. And our U.S. military performed coura- derful world again. They can have those conversations. geously, heroically, and gloriously. The reason that we have a problem The President’s door is open to the And they need to be honored by every there is because we have a fundamental leadership of this Congress. We know generation from here on out. But we philosophical disagreement and mis- that. did not win the battle of who stood on understanding. This began in Iran If they have those kind of issues, the terrain at the end. when President Jimmy Carter’s belief they want to discuss, we have classified And these enemies that we have in in supporting religious fundamentalists briefings here. There are plenty of op- the Middle East are a philosophical caused him to support the return of the portunities for oversight. If not, you enemy that goes deep back into his- Ayatollah and the demise of the Shaw can ask for opportunities for oversight. tory. And before I go deep back into in Iran.

VerDate Aug 31 2005 04:07 Feb 09, 2007 Jkt 059060 PO 00000 Frm 00062 Fmt 7634 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\K08FE7.164 H08FEPT1 hmoore on PROD1PC68 with HMHOUSE February 8, 2007 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H1409 And when that happened in 1979, that in the back, and walk across to the But when we were recognized by Brit- was the beginning of the hostile Iran. parliament. I sat down with some ain and began to fly the American flag, And it did not take very long before we members of parliament there. And then and were not under the protection of saw 444 days, 52 American hostages pa- they cooked also a turkey Thanks- the Union Jack, 1783, America made raded regularly in front of our tele- giving dinner that was something that peace with Britain; and then, 1784, the vision trying to humiliate the United I have not seen done as well in this first American ship was captured by pi- States. And some believe that country. Gregarious hosts and wonder- rates from . Thus began the Ahmadinejad was part of that group, ful people. That is how I find most of where we took on the they think they have pictures that the Iraqi people. . From 1784 and on up show him there, a kidnapper of Amer- I do not accept a 60-percent number until about 1815, the United States was ican diplomats. that was delivered here by the gen- engaged sporadically and periodically, I do not know. I do not know if that tleman from Georgia, that 60 percent of but actually almost continually in a is true or if it is not true. But he cer- the Iraqis believe it is good or okay to war again the Barbary pirates along tainly was not opposed to that that we be attacking Americans. I do not know the Barbary Coast. know. He is for the annihilation of where that poll would come from. And before I go into that, Madam Israel, the annihilation of the United Maybe if you polled the terrorists you Speaker, I need to give a little bit States, these dictators tell us what would get a number like that. more of the history of that region. Bar- they think, and often they follow But I do not believe, Madam Speaker, bary pirates in that region had been through on the those actions. that that is the sentiment of the Iraqi raiding the Mediterranean shoreline, And so, no, I do not trust the Iranian people. The Iraqi people are grateful especially the European side of that, leadership, I do trust a lot of the Ira- that the United States has stepped in for years. And I will submit that they nian people. And I would trust the Ira- to liberate them. There is a bit of a had been raiding the shoreline for al- nian people to capture their freedom if power vacuum, especially in Baghdad. most 300 years at that point in 1784 given the chance. I would paint this The President’s plan is to go in and when they captured the first American image in the mind’s eye, Mr. Speaker, fill that power vacuum. Muqtada al- vessel. of all who might be contemplating this. Sadr has done a job in filling that Beginning about 1500, 1502, 1503 is In the map you will see Iraq to the power vacuum. And he has been sup- when the Barbary pirates began an ac- west and Afghanistan to the east. And ported and funded and armed by tive and aggressive pirating of mer- right in the middle, linked together Ahmadinejad’s people in Iran. Iran is chant marines that were sailing into bordering the two countries is Iran. fighting a proxy war against the the Mediterranean. And their goal was, Now, I will argue that Afghanistan United States within Iraq. capture the ship and the cargo and the today is a free country. And our troops You also have fighting a lesser crew. And the most valuable portion of were on the ground guarding the poll- effective but to a lesser degree a proxy that was all too often the crew, be- ing places. The first time ever in the war against the United States in Iraq. cause they were pressed into slavery, history of the world that since Adam When the President came out shortly Madam Speaker. And they brought that there had been any votes that after September 11, he said if you har- back European slaves to the Barbary took place on that soil. bor terrorists, fund terrorists, train Coast where they pressed them into Today it is a fledgling democracy. It terrorists, you are a terrorist and we slavery. has its problems. Certainly it will. We will treat you as a terrorist state. And they built many of the edifices had our problems in the early years. that you see there today, the old archi- b 1930 We have our problems today. It is tecture from the 1500 era and on, clear never pretty. It is always difficult. But Iran is one of those countries. Syria on into the early , about 1830; it is always worth the effort. But Af- is one of those countries. I know of no much of that work was done by Chris- ghanistan is a free country. Iraq is example in the history of the world tian slaves that were pressed into slav- technically a free country today. where an insurgency that could go ery by Muslim masters. And, in fact, The part that diminishes that free- back and hide and have sanctuary in a there is a book written by a professor dom is the 80 percent of the violence sovereign state has ever been defeated. at Ohio State University called Chris- that takes place in Baghdad and within You have to take your battle where the tian Slaves and Muslim Masters. And 30 miles of Baghdad. But Iraq, much of insurgency is. And if they have got a he has gone back and studied the coast- Iraq is peaceful, it is pacified and it is sanctuary you have to go to their sanc- line, the European coastline of the becoming prosperous. I went over there tuary. Mediterranean and old church records the last time, over the last Thanks- That doesn’t mean that we need to and other family records and old fam- giving, I actually spent my Thanks- take on Iran. It means that we have ily Bibles and put together a credible giving Day eating dinner with a good got to eliminate sanctuaries. And we history of the slave trade by the Bar- number of wounded troops in cannot delude ourselves into believing bary pirates as they moved in with Landstuhl, Germany, at the hospital, that we can negotiate a nuclear capa- their corsairs and took over the mer- and encouraged by their courage. bility away from Iran. It would be just chant marine, the merchant ships from That was the most monumental and utterly ineffective because they have a . profound Thanksgiving that I have goal and they have a vision. The Barbary pirates raided the shore- ever had or ever hope or expect to And from that point I would submit line all around Greece and Italy and have. And from there, I traveled over that the background here of United France and Spain and all the way up to Iraq where I did spend a couple of States history, American history, in- the coastline of France and the Atlan- days in the Baghdad area, and then I structs us on what has been histori- tic into England and on over as far went to a camp, a forward operating cally, and is relevant to today. Madam north as . In fact, there is a base just out of Baghdad, and then on Speaker, I would submit that back in fairly detailed commentary about 400 up into Erbil in the north, in the Kurd- 1783 would be the period of time when Icelanders who were pulled from their ish area in the north. the new United States made peace with beds at night just near the shore of Ice- I have been to most corners of Iraq Great Britain. And at that time, we land, pressed into slavery and sailed over the last few years. I try to get had an American Merchant Marine back down to the Barbary Coast on the there as often as I can to get a feel for that was sailing the world and trading. north shore of . what is going on. I do not think it is We have always been a very effective And of all of the slaves that were possible to understand that operation seafaring nation. And as our American captured along all of that coastline, over there without going there. I was Merchant Marine sailed and traded to from Greece all the way up to Iceland, encouraged by the level of peace and the world and they went into the Medi- these Icelanders survived the least, and the growing prosperity, especially that terranean, up until 1783 they had the they perished the most. They got the that I saw in Erbil and up in the Kurd- protection of the British Navy because least amount of work out of them and ish area. we were, up until 1776, at least a colony they died the most quickly. And that You get out of the plane there, take of the British, and so we are now rec- happens to be some remarks that are off your flack jacket, toss your helmet tified of their Navy. written into the historical documents.

VerDate Aug 31 2005 04:07 Feb 09, 2007 Jkt 059060 PO 00000 Frm 00063 Fmt 7634 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\K08FE7.165 H08FEPT1 hmoore on PROD1PC68 with HMHOUSE H1410 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE February 8, 2007 Some say it had to do with the cli- the mind’s eye of Americans, Madam space with that same kind of innova- mate change. Some say it had to do Speaker. tion. with the work they pressed them in. And so in 1786 , who The Marines, when they went to the Some say it had to do with their hearts was then the ambassador to France, shores of , they knew what they being utterly broken that they were and John Adams, who was the ambas- were up against to some degree. pressed into slavery, and they just lost sador to Britain, met in London with, And Madam Speaker, we have all their will to live. But there is very lit- and I don’t have this name memorized, heard Marines called Leathernecks. tle, if any, genetic remnant of those met in London with Sidi Haji Abdul Most don’t recall, Marines got the slaves today because the men that were Rahman Adja, the ambassador to Brit- nickname Leathernecks because they pressed into slavery, and it was almost ain from Tripoli. Our American ambas- put leather collars around their neck, all men, they were never allowed an op- sadors, Jefferson and Adams, ambas- thick leather collars when they went portunity to do anything but walk in sadors to France and Britain respec- into battle to reduce the chance that their chains and row the corsairs, or tively, asked Adja why his government they would be beheaded by the enemy. else do their slave labor, building the was hostile to American ships, that That is how Marines got the nickname buildings and doing the kind of con- even though there had been no provo- Leathernecks. They got that nickname struction work that built those cities. cation, his government was hostile to over 200 years ago, and it is part of They didn’t have an opportunity to American ships. The ambassador’s re- their history and part of their lore. procreate, so you don’t see their genet- sponse was reported to the Continental And the shores of Tripoli are engraved ics in the faces of the people that live Congress, and is a part of the perma- on their Iwo Jima monument over on that part of the today. nent record today that can be reviewed across the Potomac River. Occasionally, I am told that there are over in the Library of Congress. And so we need to go back and revisit some blue eyes that pop up that look The response from Sidi Haji Abdul history, Madam Speaker, and under- like they might be the descendants of Rahman Adja, the ambassador to Brit- stand that this enemy is driven by the the women who were captured aboard ain from Tripoli, I will repeat, was same philosophy. They still believe ship or offshore, who were pressed into, this, and I quote, ‘‘It was founded on their path to salvation is in killing us. I will say concubinery. the laws of their prophet, that it was There are passages in the Koran that And so there are some descendants written in their Koran, that all nations support this almost verbatim that I from that, but it is very little, from who should not have acknowledged have happened to have read. Thomas Jefferson had a Koran. I un- remnants. But all together, Professor their authority were sinners, that it derstand that Koran came to this Con- Davis documents about 1.25 million was their right and duty to make war gress to be used in a swearing-in cere- Christian slaves that were pressed into upon them wherever they could be mony. Some say that he leaned to- slavery by the Barbary pirates, and found and to make slaves of all they wards Islam because he owned a Koran. this period of time would be from about could take as prisoners, and that every I will submit that Thomas Jefferson 1500 on to about 1583. Musselman,’’ and that is the term for a also studied Greek, and he had a Greek Well, it continued from that point Muslim today, ‘‘who should be slain in Bible; he wanted to be able to under- forward, and Europe built a practice of battle was sure to go to paradise.’’ stand the passages in the Bible from paying tribute to the pirates and seek- Sound familiar, Madam Speaker, to the perspective of the Greek, rather ing to purchase back their most valu- some of the things that we hear today? than relying on the translations from able citizens. And it would be those And Jefferson’s analysis, his com- Greek into an English version. men and women of substance. If they ments upon that valiant effort at diplo- Thomas Jefferson was perhaps the had a wealthy family, then they would macy, an effort that has been sug- preeminent scholar of his time, maybe try to go and pay tribute to get that gested by Mr. ANDREWS here this the preeminent scholar in our history. member of the family back. That went evening, Jefferson’s analysis was this, He took his work seriously. Of course on for hundreds of years. and I will paraphrase and summarize he needed to understand ‘‘nosce There was a pattern there. It was a and not quote, but it is hard to reach hostem,’’ which is Latin for ‘‘know thy business that was being run. And when common ground, it is hard to negotiate enemy.’’ And that would absolutely be the United States found themselves with people whose profound religious the reason why Thomas Jefferson ac- sucked into that in 1784 when our first belief is that their salvation is from quired a Koran, so he could understand ship was captured by the pirates from killing you. that enemy that said that it is written Morocco, that began the long conflict 1786; 2006–2007. We think we have in their Koran that all nations who that lasted until at least 1815. come a long way; we may have not should not have acknowledged their And one will remember that the gained a single inch in this disagree- authority were sinners, that it was United States took a posture eventu- ment, just had some interim conflicts their right and duty to make war upon ally; we paid tribute here, Madam and relative periods of peace. I think them wherever they could be found, Speaker, out of this Congress to the the American people need to under- and to make slaves of all they could Barbary pirates. And some of those line stand this. take as prisoners, and that every Mus- items that I have seen were as high as And so out of the failure of that dip- lim who should be slain in battle was $250,000 to pay tribute to the Barbary lomatic effort, that valiant diplomatic sure to go to paradise. pirates, but that would be just one line effort, the was What a promise to make. And when item. And, in fact, that was a line item born, March 1794. The Marine Corps that is a profound religion, it is impos- that was refused. But we paid more joined with the Navy and they went to sible to negotiate with. So what we did, than that on an annual basis, and that the shores of Tripoli. And that is today we went to war against them, and over tribute, that bribery got so high that it in the Marine Corps anthem, ‘‘From time put them in a position where they became as high as 20 percent of the en- the halls of Montezuma, to the shores needed to sue for peace. tire Federal budget to pay off the pi- of Tripoli.’’ And I will submit also that rates in the Barbary Coast. And our Navy was fitted, and they came under attack from the British And so we decided that we couldn’t designed frigates for Americans, and twice and the French once. And they afford this any longer, and we had two these frigates had superior speed and didn’t cease their attacks on Western alternatives. One was to outfit a Navy superior maneuverability, very much Europe—I will say Western civilization and a Marine Corps and send them over an American thing. That was the first and the shipping industry within the there to punish the Barbary pirates time that Americans went to war after Mediterranean as a approach, as and get them to back off of any vessel the ratification of their Constitution, a government policy. They didn’t cease that flew the Stars and Stripes. So we and they went to war with the most those attacks until 1830 when the sent our best diplomats over there to modern frigates that had a tactical ad- French went in and occupied Algiers. negotiate with the Barbary pirates; vantage because the technology that And so here we are today with an and I don’t know that we have dip- was developed by the innovative nature enemy, globally, in the world, which is lomats of that standing today, but his- and the inventiveness of American a segment of Islam. And I certainly re- torically they will stand very high in shipbuilders. And today we are off in spect and appreciate moderate Islam. I

VerDate Aug 31 2005 04:07 Feb 09, 2007 Jkt 059060 PO 00000 Frm 00064 Fmt 7634 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\K08FE7.166 H08FEPT1 hmoore on PROD1PC68 with HMHOUSE February 8, 2007 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H1411 ask them to step forward and be our al- said to me, It’s different now. Our chil- Honor the troops for their service lies. I believe they are a peaceful peo- dren have gone over there and fought and honor their mission, and in fact ple and a good-hearted people. And the and died on that soil. The soil in Iraq is honor their sacrifice. And I will fight more I travel and the more people I sanctified by their blood. They paid this battle here where it is at greatest meet, the greater my respect and admi- their price for the freedom of the Iraqi risk, Madam Speaker. And I urge my ration for the goodness of humanity is. people. You cannot walk away and colleagues to do the same. But there is an element within Islam leave that now. That is the vision of I look forward to the debate next that is radical Islam, the jihadists, the the Gold Star families. That is the week and the open dialogue, and I hope Islamists, as Daniel Pipes has named commitment of our military. that there is a rule that is offered here them. That element is a significantly I can’t find people in uniform in Iraq under the promise of this new and open large element and there are maybe 1.2 that don’t support the mission, that Congress that would allow for amend- to 1.3 billion Muslims in the world. And aren’t committed to the cause. But ments to be brought to the floor so according to Daniel Pipes, our Benazir they ask me, why do we have to fight that resolutions of this type actually Bhutto, 10 percent, and according to the enemy over here, the news media have an opportunity to be debated in Pipes, perhaps as many as 15 percent, over in the United States, and the peo- this Congress. ple that are undermining us in the are inclined to be supportive of al f Qaeda. United States Congress? It is an under- Now, if it is 10 percent you are look- mining. And I will make this pre- LEAVE OF ABSENCE ing at 130 million. If it is 15 percent, diction, Madam Speaker, that before By unanimous consent, leave of ab- add half again to that. That is a huge this 110th Congress is adjourned, there sence was granted to: number of people who philosophically will be an amendment or a bill that Ms. MILLENDER-MCDONALD (at the re- believe that their path to salvation is comes to this floor that seeks to quest of Mr. HOYER) for today on ac- in killing us, and that they don’t really unfund our military, one that is writ- count of business in the district. take a risk with their destiny when ten off the pattern of the one at the Mr. DEFAZIO (at the request of Mr. they attack us because if they are end of Vietnam. And if that amend- HOYER) for today after 4:00 p.m. killed in the process, they will surely ment comes and it is successful and it go to paradise. shuts off funding and our troops are f forced by a defeatist attitude in Con- b 1945 SPECIAL ORDERS GRANTED gress to pull out of Iraq, you will see a By unanimous consent, permission to That is the enemy that we are human suffering like this world has not address the House, following the legis- against, Madam Speaker. seen since World War II. lative program and any special orders Madam Speaker, may I inquire as to The price for failing to succeed will heretofore entered, was granted to: how much time I have left? be cataclysmic. I don’t have enough (The following Members (at the re- The SPEAKER pro tempore. Eight minutes to go into the description of quest of Mr. PALLONE) to revise and ex- minutes. all of that. Mr. KING of Iowa. And so here we are But I will submit that we either suc- tend their remarks and include extra- today with a Congress that wants to ceed victoriously and leave Iraq a free neous material:) micromanage a war, and a resolution democratic Iraq that can stand on its Mr. PALLONE, for 5 minutes, today. or two or three over in the Senate that own two feet and defend itself and be Ms. WOOLSEY, for 5 minutes, today. undermine our troops, and a resolution represented by its people, we either do Mr. GEORGE MILLER of California, for promise to come to the floor of this that, or the last battle in Iraq won’t be 5 minutes, today. House next week that undermines our fought over there, Madam Speaker. It Mr. SCHIFF, for 5 minutes, today. troops. As I have submitted, you can- will be fought here on the floor of this Mrs. MCCARTHY of New York, for 5 not win a war by committee. You can- Congress through an appropriations minutes, today. not fight a war by committee, but you bill that will seek to jerk the rug out Mr. ELLISON, for 5 minutes, today. can undermine the mission and you can from underneath our sacrificing mili- Mr. DEFAZIO, for 5 minutes, today. put your troops at risk by doing so. tary. And it would put this country in Mr. KLEIN of Florida, for 5 minutes, We have top-notch commanders in utter disgrace if that were to happen. today. the field, Madam Speaker. They have So I have introduced a resolution, a Mr. ANDREWS, for 5 minutes, today. demonstrated their ability. We have resolution that supports and endorses Ms. NORTON, for 5 minutes, today. the best military ever put into the our troops, one that recognizes the cir- Ms. KAPTUR, for 5 minutes, today. field. Their morale is strong, their cumstances that we are in, the con- Mr. JOHNSON of Georgia, for 5 min- technology is there, their training is stitutional power and authority of our utes, today. high. Their sense of mission and duty Commander in Chief, and stands up and Mrs. CHRISTENSEN, for 5 minutes, and sacrifice is strong and is profound. defends our troops and our military all today. They want to complete their mission. the way down the line. It says, in fact, Mr. CARNAHAN, for 5 minutes, today. I traveled over there with a lieuten- the bipartisan Iraq Study Group says Mr. RUSH, for 5 minutes, today. ant colonel who said to me, Don’t pull on page 73 that it could support a (The following Members (at the re- us out of this. Don’t save me. Don’t short-term redeployment or surge of quest of Mr. POE) to revise and extend save me. I volunteered. I am willing to American combat forces to stabilize their remarks and include extraneous take this risk. I want to take this bur- Baghdad or to speed up the training material:) den off of my children. That is my duty and equipping mission if the U.S. com- Mr. POE, for 5 minutes, February 13, to my country and to my family. I mander in Iraq determines that such 14, and 15. want to take this burden off my chil- steps would be effective. Mr. ENGLISH of Pennsylvania, for 5 dren. Don’t try to save me. General Petraeus has written the minutes, today. I had some Gold Star families in my plan. He has determined it would be ef- Mr. SOUDER, for 5 minutes, today. office a couple of months ago, shortly fective; it is consistent with the Iraq Mr. PENCE, for 5 minutes, today. before I went to Iraq, Gold Star fami- Study Group, page 73. Look it up. Gen- Mr. FRANKS of Arizona, for 5 minutes, lies who have lost a son or a daughter eral Petraeus has endorsed the plan, as today. in combat over in either Afghanistan I said. And on top of that, the cochair Mr. MCHENRY, for 5 minutes, today. or Iraq. As I listened to them, they just of the Iraq Study Group, former Sec- f intensely pleaded with me, Do every- retary of State James Baker III, came thing you can to promote a successful back to this Congress and said: The ADJOURNMENT mission. We have heard much of the President’s plan ought to be given a Mr. KING of Iowa. Madam Speaker, I dialogue, but to look them in the eye chance. He wants us to support the Iraq move that the House do now adjourn. and understand that intensity. And Study Group, and that is the Presi- The motion was agreed to; accord- then, one of the bereaved fathers from dent’s plan. That means a free and lib- ingly (at 7 o’clock and 53 minutes California, his first name was John, erated Iraq, not a cut and run. p.m.), under its previous order, the

VerDate Aug 31 2005 04:07 Feb 09, 2007 Jkt 059060 PO 00000 Frm 00065 Fmt 7634 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\K08FE7.167 H08FEPT1 hmoore on PROD1PC68 with HMHOUSE