Provisions of Sugauli Treaty
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Title Title Daily Vocab Capsule 1St June 2020
Title Daily Vocab Capsule st Title 1 June 2020 For a Reset in India-Nepal Relations The urgent need today is to pause the rhetoric on territorial nationalism and lay the groundwork for a quiet dialogue. Once again, relations between India and Nepal have taken a turn for the worse. The immediate provocation is the long-standing territorial issue surrounding Kalapani, a patch of land near the India-Nepal border, close to the Lipulekh Pass on the India-China border, which is one of the approved points for border trade and the route for the Kailash-Mansarovar yatra in Tibet. However, the underlying reasons are far more complex. Yet, Nepali Prime Minister K.P. Sharma Oli’s exploitation of the matter, by raising the banner of Nepali nationalism and painting India as a hegemon, is part of a frequent pattern that indicates that relations between the two countries need a fundamental reset. Kalapani and the maps India inherited the boundary with Nepal, established between Nepal and the East India Company in the Treaty of Sugauli in 1816. Kali river constituted the boundary, and the territory to its east was Nepal. The dispute relates to the origin of Kali. Near Garbyang village in Dharchula Tehsil of the Pithoragarh district of Uttarakhand, there is a confluence of different streams coming from north-east from Kalapani and north-west from Limpiyadhura. The early British survey maps identified the north-west stream, Kuti Yangti, from Limpiyadhura as the origin, but after 1857 changed the alignment to Lipu Gad, and in 1879 to Pankha Gad, the north-east streams, thus defining the origin as just below Kalapani. -
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Journal of International Affairs Vol. 3, 1-41, 2020 Doi: https://doi.org/10.3126/joia.v3i1.29077 Department of International Relations and Diplomacy Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, Nepal North-Western Boundary of Nepal Dwarika Dhungel Jagat Bhusal Narendra Khanal Abstract Following the publication of new political maps by India on 2nd and 8th November 2019, the issues related to the source of Mahakali River and Indian occupation of the Nepali territory east of the river, have, once again, come to the surface. And, the Nepali civil society has come out strongly against the newly published political maps of India, prepared a new map of Nepal, showing the whole of the territory east of Mahakali River (about 400 sq. km) as Nepalese land on the basis of Treaty of Sugauli signed in 1816 by East India Company of Great Britain and Raja of Nepal. An analysis of the maps, so far available, shows that changes have been made in the names of the river and places, and there is cartographic aggression and manipulation by India in relation to Mahakali River and its boundary with Nepal’s northwest. It has also been found that Nepal has published a map in the past showing its international boundary without any basis of the treaties and other historical documents. Analysis clearly shows that the river originating from Limpiyadhura is the Mahakali (called Kalee/Kali River) as per Article 5 of the Sugauli treaty and it forms the international boundary between the two countries. Keywords: Anglo-Nepal War, Sugauli Treaty, Cartographic Aggression, Nepal-India Territorial Disputes 1 Dwarika Dhungel, Jagat Bhusal & Narendra Khanal/North-Western … Vol. -
Feasibility Study of Kailash Sacred Landscape
Kailash Sacred Landscape Conservation Initiative Feasability Assessment Report - Nepal Central Department of Botany Tribhuvan University, Kirtipur, Nepal June 2010 Contributors, Advisors, Consultants Core group contributors • Chaudhary, Ram P., Professor, Central Department of Botany, Tribhuvan University; National Coordinator, KSLCI-Nepal • Shrestha, Krishna K., Head, Central Department of Botany • Jha, Pramod K., Professor, Central Department of Botany • Bhatta, Kuber P., Consultant, Kailash Sacred Landscape Project, Nepal Contributors • Acharya, M., Department of Forest, Ministry of Forests and Soil Conservation (MFSC) • Bajracharya, B., International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development (ICIMOD) • Basnet, G., Independent Consultant, Environmental Anthropologist • Basnet, T., Tribhuvan University • Belbase, N., Legal expert • Bhatta, S., Department of National Park and Wildlife Conservation • Bhusal, Y. R. Secretary, Ministry of Forest and Soil Conservation • Das, A. N., Ministry of Forest and Soil Conservation • Ghimire, S. K., Tribhuvan University • Joshi, S. P., Ministry of Forest and Soil Conservation • Khanal, S., Independent Contributor • Maharjan, R., Department of Forest • Paudel, K. C., Department of Plant Resources • Rajbhandari, K.R., Expert, Plant Biodiversity • Rimal, S., Ministry of Forest and Soil Conservation • Sah, R.N., Department of Forest • Sharma, K., Department of Hydrology • Shrestha, S. M., Department of Forest • Siwakoti, M., Tribhuvan University • Upadhyaya, M.P., National Agricultural Research Council -
Nepal's Future: in Whose Hands?
NEPAL’S FUTURE: IN WHOSE HANDS? Asia Report N°173 – 13 August 2009 TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY AND RECOMMENDATIONS................................................. i I. INTRODUCTION: THE FRAYING PROCESS ........................................................... 1 II. THE COLLAPSE OF CONSENSUS............................................................................... 2 A. RIDING FOR A FALL......................................................................................................................3 B. OUTFLANKED AND OUTGUNNED..................................................................................................4 C. CONSTITUTIONAL COUP DE GRACE..............................................................................................5 D. ADIEU OR AU REVOIR?................................................................................................................6 III. THE QUESTION OF MAOIST INTENT ...................................................................... 7 A. MAOIST RULE: MORE RAGGED THAN RUTHLESS .........................................................................7 B. THE VIDEO NASTY.......................................................................................................................9 C. THE BEGINNING OF THE END OR THE END OF THE BEGINNING?..................................................11 IV. THE ARMY’S GROWING POLITICAL ROLE ........................................................ 13 A. WAR BY OTHER MEANS.............................................................................................................13 -
The Guards, Cooks, and Cleaners of the Afghan War: Migrant Contractors and the Cost of War
The Guards, Cooks, and Cleaners of the Afghan War: Migrant Contractors and the Cost of War Noah Coburn1 August 23, 2017 Three Years in an Afghan Prison For close to three years in an Afghan prison, Teer Magar, a Nepali laborer, spoke to almost no one.2 His only visitor was a French representative from the Red Cross, who occasionally managed to send some letters home to his wife in Nepal. The few words of Pashto he was able to pick up allowed for limited communication with his guards and fellow inmates, but mostly he kept to himself. During his trial, he had no Nepali translator, and it was difficult for him to plead his case or even understand the charges. It did not seem to bother the other prisoners, mostly Taliban, that he had worked as a contractor for an American construction firm. At one point early in his detention, a large bearded Talib had come to him and demanded that he convert to Islam, Teer recalled. Teer tried to explain to the prisoner that he respected all religions. He wasn’t sure if the Talib understood him, but after a short while, he was left alone. The prison was comfortable and clean by Afghan standards. Newly built by the British, it was one of dozens of structures built for the Afghan government by the international community during the war to house opposition force detainees. It seemed to Teer, however, that most were simply local farmers who had been inadvertently dragged into the conflict, perhaps found with guns in their homes when the Americans went out on raids. -
Nepali Times
www.nepalitimes.com #150 20 - 26 June 2003 16 pages Rs 25 Weekly Internet Poll # 90 Q. Who do you think is primarily responsible for the current state of the nation? One country, two systems Total votes:3,211 Weekly Internet Poll # 91. To vote go to: www.nepalitimes.com Q. If the election were to be held next week, who would you like to see as our next prime minister to lead the country ? MOHAN MAINALI Near Jumla, farmers use the ceasefire to ready terraces for paddy. MOHAN MAINALI two governments. team to conduct a vasectomy camp in firefights this week in Dang and Jajarkot. from JUMLA, KALIKOT and DOLPA ○○○○○ Welcome to ○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○ To be sure, the ceasefire has eased the their village. There have also been instances of Patan Museum Café ts not that the Maoists are lives of most people somewhat. Many It is better. We dont have to worry resistance: some refugee families in Opening from1030 – 1930 hrs everywhere, its just the government is from the outlying villages can now travel anymore about the possibility of getting Kalikot who were prevented from going Enjoy our new Cocktail & Snacks of the nowhere to be seen. relatively unhindered to the main bazar killed while gathering fodder, or fetching back to their villages pelted Maoists with Week from 1700 – 1930 hrs Except for the district headquarters of towns to collect subsidised rice. Some water, says one villager in Dolpa. Were stones at a recent rally. Paru Thapa in For reservations please call these three roadless mid-western districts, farmers have returned to their home just afraid the war may start again. -
Situation Update #59- Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) WHO Country Office for Nepal Reporting Date: 25 - 31 May 2021
Situation Update #59- Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) WHO Country Office for Nepal Reporting Date: 25 - 31 May 2021 HIGHLIGHTS* SITUATION OVERVIEW ● Of the total COVID-19 positive cases, 79.7% (447,446) of cases have recovered and 18.9% (106470) of cases NEPAL are active. ● Of the total active cases, 93.1% (99,132) of the active (Data as of 01 June 2021, 07:00:00 hours) cases are in home isolation; 6.9% (7,338) cases are 561,302 confirmed cases undergoing hospital/institutional isolation. While 7,386 deaths 1,492 (1.4%) patients require ICU admission, 424 3,057,424 RT-PCR tests (0.3%) of the ICU admitted patients require ventilator support. SOUTH-EAST ASIA REGION ● Forty eight districts have reported more than 500 (Data as of 30 May 2021) active cases. 31,605,221 confirmed cases ● Among the total new cases (40841) reported this 401,754 deaths week, 22.3% (9092) of the new cases are from Kathmandu district and 30.2% (12323) from GLOBAL Kathmandu valley (Kathmandu, Lalitpur and (Data as of 30 May 2021) Bhaktapur districts). 169,604,858 confirmed cases ● RT–PCR tests have been performed from 91 3,530,837 deaths designated COVID-19 laboratories across the country of which 55 are public and 36 are private laboratories. ● There have been 2,113,080 people who have received the 1st dose of COVID-19 Vaccine and 714,163 people have received 2nd dose of COVID-19 vaccine. *Data as of COVID-19 Update, MoHP, 31 May 2021 NEPAL EPIDEMIOLOGICAL SITUATION • As of 1 June 2021, T07:00:00 hours (week no. -
Violations in the Name of Conservation “What Crime Had I Committed by Putting My Feet on the Land That I Own?”
VIOLATIONS IN THE NAME OF CONSERVATION “WHAT CRIME HAD I COMMITTED BY PUTTING MY FEET ON THE LAND THAT I OWN?” Amnesty International is a movement of 10 million people which mobilizes the humanity in everyone and campaigns for change so we can all enjoy our human rights. Our vision is of a world where those in power keep their promises, respect international law and are held to account. We are independent of any government, political ideology, economic interest or religion and are funded mainly by our membership and individual donations. We believe that acting in solidarity and compassion with people everywhere can change our societies for the better. © Amnesty International 2021 Except where otherwise noted, content in this document is licensed under a Creative Commons Cover photo: Illustration by Colin Foo (attribution, non-commercial, no derivatives, international 4.0) licence. Photo: Chitwan National Park, Nepal. © Jacek Kadaj via Getty Images https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/legalcode For more information please visit the permissions page on our website: www.amnesty.org Where material is attributed to a copyright owner other than Amnesty International this material is not subject to the Creative Commons licence. First published in 2021 by Amnesty International Ltd Peter Benenson House, 1 Easton Street London WC1X 0DW, UK Index: ASA 31/4536/2021 Original language: English amnesty.org CONTENTS 1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 5 1.1 PROTECTING ANIMALS, EVICTING PEOPLE 5 1.2 ANCESTRAL HOMELANDS HAVE BECOME NATIONAL PARKS 6 1.3 HUMAN RIGHTS VIOLATIONS BY THE NEPAL ARMY 6 1.4 EVICTION IS NOT THE ANSWER 6 1.5 CONSULTATIVE, DURABLE SOLUTIONS ARE A MUST 7 1.6 LIMITED POLITICAL WILL 8 2. -
Four Ana and One Modem House: a Spatial Ethnography of Kathmandu's Urbanizing Periphery
I Four Ana and One Modem House: A Spatial Ethnography of Kathmandu's Urbanizing Periphery Andrew Stephen Nelson Denton, Texas M.A. University of London, School of Oriental and African Studies, December 2004 B.A. Grinnell College, December 2000 A Disse11ation presented to the Graduate Faculty of the University of Virginia in Candidacy for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy Department of Anthropology University of Virginia May 2013 II Table of Contents Introduction Chapter 1: An Intellectual Journey to the Urban Periphery 1 Part I: The Alienation of Farm Land 23 Chapter 2: From Newar Urbanism to Nepali Suburbanism: 27 A Social History of Kathmandu’s Sprawl Chapter 3: Jyāpu Farmers, Dalāl Land Pimps, and Housing Companies: 58 Land in a Time of Urbanization Part II: The Householder’s Burden 88 Chapter 4: Fixity within Mobility: 91 Relocating to the Urban Periphery and Beyond Chapter 5: American Apartments, Bihar Boxes, and a Neo-Newari 122 Renaissance: the Dual Logic of New Kathmandu Houses Part III: The Anxiety of Living amongst Strangers 167 Chapter 6: Becoming a ‘Social’ Neighbor: 171 Ethnicity and the Construction of the Moral Community Chapter 7: Searching for the State in the Urban Periphery: 202 The Local Politics of Public and Private Infrastructure Epilogue 229 Appendices 237 Bibliography 242 III Abstract This dissertation concerns the relationship between the rapid transformation of Kathmandu Valley’s urban periphery and the social relations of post-insurgency Nepal. Starting in the 1970s, and rapidly increasing since the 2000s, land outside of the Valley’s Newar cities has transformed from agricultural fields into a mixed development of planned and unplanned localities consisting of migrants from the hinterland and urbanites from the city center. -
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SET-A I Administrative tribunals in India are not I qnt d wrsatq qqftrq {Eii q1 rqrq-cr r'at established by : q1qrfi t' : (A) President (B) Supreme Court (A) n6qqfr ERr (B) sdqqrqEqERr (C) Chief Minister (D) All ofthese (C) E@c* ERr (D) sri-fi sqt ERr 2. Chairman of l4th Finance Commission is : 2. ffi fq-d en+rr * erqs{ * : (A) C. Rangrajan (B) Raehurajan (A) S. trRrs{ (B) st Ig{qi (C) Y. V. Reddy (D) V.K. Menon (c) sri.d tq$ (D) d. d'. trr 3. The Consumer Protection Act,, 1986 came ., sq+ftI qtqTUI sfqt{qq 1986, sil tTrrl into force on : Eiff ? (A) 1e87 (B) r9e0 (A) 1e87 (B) 19e0 (C) 1991 @) Noneof these (c) leel (D) fl+ t 6ti Tfi 4. Arsenic poisoning from drinking water leads 4 ++ + q+ q s16f65-t*v* +'nq wr *m to: B: (A) Cold @) Keratosis (A) ssT (B) +{dFss (C) Ttphoid @) None of these (q zIqsl{s (D) 3T+{a{+$:rd 5. The aim of "Skill India Mission" is to equip 5. "fisa EFsqr fts1q" q1 g-<{q f"-s s{ 500 million Indians with skills by which year- a-*'soo fqfu{H Sqlet qi g{(r< q{r+ t z (A) 2030 (B) 202s (A) 2030 (B) 202s (c) 2022 @) 2020 (c) 2022 (D) 2020 6, In which state the first Non-Government 6. r+q {q c qr{dlq Td 6,,r T6-dr rR-qrsrt Railway Project oflndian Railways has been i-d cRqhi-{ Erd d i W E1 .rfr- commissioned recently ? 1a)ffi (B) f{ffiq (A) Delhi (B) Sikkim (c) q6Rrq (D) re{rd (C) Maharashtra (D) Gujarat 7. -
A Study of the Treaty of the First Tibet-Gorkha War of 1789
CHAPTER 7 A Study of the Treaty of the First Tibet-Gorkha War of 1789 Yuri Komatsubara Introduction In 1788, the Gorkha kingdom of Nepal attacked the gTsang district of Tibet and the first Tibet-Gorkha war broke out. Although Tibet concluded a treaty with the Gorkha to end the war in 1789, it failed to pay the reparations to the Gorkhas stipulated in the treaty. Therefore, the Gorkha armies invaded Tibet again in 1791 and the second Tibet-Gorkha war commenced. On that occa- sion, the Qing court sent a large number of troops to attack the Gorkha armies and the war was over the next year. After these wars, the Qing established Article 29 of the imperial regulations for Tibet (欽定蔵内善後章程二十九条) in 1793. It is said that the Qing court became more influential in Tibetan poli- tics after these wars. That is, the first Tibet-Gorkha war provided an oppor- tunity for the Qing to change its political policies regarding Tibet. From the view point of the South Asian relationship, the Tibet-Gorkha war was the first confrontation between Tibet, Nepal and the Qing. In this way, the war was an important event between Tibet, Nepal and China. Nevertheless, the whole text of the treaty of the first Tibet-Gorkha war was unknown for a long time. Sato (1986: 584) noted that, at that time, the entire contents of the treaty of 1789 were completely unknown. Rose (1971: 42) pointed out that this treaty actually consisted of a number of a letters exchanged between the signatories, and that no single, authoritative text existed. -
Custom, Law and John Company in Kumaon
Custom, law and John Company in Kumaon. The meeting of local custom with the emergent formal governmental practices of the British East India Company in the Himalayan region of Kumaon, 1815–1843. Mark Gordon Jones, November 2018. A thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy of The Australian National University. © Copyright by Mark G. Jones, 2018. All Rights Reserved. This thesis is an original work entirely written by the author. It has a word count of 89,374 with title, abstract, acknowledgements, footnotes, tables, glossary, bibliography and appendices excluded. Mark Jones The text of this thesis is set in Garamond 13 and uses the spelling system of the Oxford English Dictionary, January 2018 Update found at www.oed.com. Anglo-Indian and Kumaoni words not found in the OED or where the common spelling in Kumaon is at a great distance from that of the OED are italicized. To assist the reader, a glossary of many of these words including some found in the OED is provided following the main thesis text. References are set in Garamond 10 in a format compliant with the Chicago Manual of Style 16 notes and bibliography system found at http://www.chicagomanualofstyle.org ii Acknowledgements Many people and institutions have contributed to the research and skills development embodied in this thesis. The first of these that I would like to acknowledge is the Chair of my supervisory panel Dr Meera Ashar who has provided warm, positive encouragement, calmed my panic attacks, occasionally called a spade a spade but, most importantly, constantly challenged me to chart my own way forward.