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												Chronology of the American Revolution
INTRODUCTION One of the missions of The Friends of Valley Forge Park is the promotion of our historical heritage so that the spirit of what took place over two hundred years ago continues to inspire both current and future generations of all people. It is with great pleasure and satisfaction that we are able to offer to the public this chronology of events of The American Revolution. While a simple listing of facts, it is the hope that it will instill in some the desire to dig a little deeper into the fascinating stories underlying the events presented. The following pages were compiled over a three year period with text taken from many sources, including the internet, reference books, tapes and many other available resources. A bibliography of source material is listed at the end of the book. This publication is the result of the dedication, time and effort of Mr. Frank Resavy, a long time volunteer at Valley Forge National Historical Park and a member of The Friends of Valley Forge Park. As with most efforts of this magnitude, a little help from friends is invaluable. Frank and The Friends are enormously grateful for the generous support that he received from the staff and volunteers at Valley Forge National Park as well as the education committee of The Friends of Valley Forge Park. Don R Naimoli Chairman The Friends of Valley Forge Park ************** The Friends of Valley Forge Park, through and with its members, seeks to: Preserve…the past Conserve…for the future Enjoy…today Please join with us and help share in the stewardship of Valley Forge National Park. - 
												
												SUNCOAST CHAPTER, INC 244Th Birthday of the U.S. Navy On
SUNCOAST CHAPTER, INC Military Officers Association of America This Newsletter is published for the personal use of the members of the Suncoast Chapter, MOAA. It must not be used for any type of solicitation or other purposes not in the best interest of this Chapter and individual members. Opinions presented herein are those of the individual and not necessarily of the Chapter. Commercial solicitation of members using membership rolls and/or rosters is prohibited. Some articles may be taken from MOAA and DoD publications. The Chapter is tax exempt under Section 501(c)(19) of the Internal Revenue Codes. VOLUME 37 ISSUE 6 www.suncoastmoaa.org OCTOBER 2019 244th Birthday of the U.S. Navy on October 13 On June 19, 1779, John Paul Jones sailed BONHOMME RICHARD from L' Orient, France accompanied by ALLIANCE, PALLAS, VEGEANCE, and CERF. Their mission was to escort troop transports and merchant vessels under the convoy to Bordeaux, France, and cruise against the British in the Bay of Biscay. On the evening of September 23, 1779, they encoun- tered the Baltic Fleet of 41 near the English shore of Flamborough Head. Sailing for England, the Fleet was under the newly built frigate, HMS SERAPIS (50 guns) and the small sloop of COUNTESS OF SCARBOROUGH (20 GUNS). Before the British fleet could respond, BON HOMME RICHARD lashed out at SERAPIS igniting a bitter struggle that would last the en- tire night. Early in the battle, the guns of Jones' main battery exploded, temporarily disabling his ship. To offset the SERAPIS' speed, Jones lashed his flagship alongside and continued the fight long after his subordinates regarded the situation as hopeless. - 
												
												2008 Serapis Report
2008 Diver Investigations of the Suspected Serapis Site Ambodifototra, Isle Ste Marie, Madagascar Authored by: Michael C. Tuttle With Contributions by: Norine Carroll, Kelly Bumpass, Michael Krivor, and Jason Burns Presented by: April 2010 VISIT US AT WWW.SERAPISPROJECT.ORG ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS A project of this scope could not have taken place without the cooperation and hard work of numerous dedicated individuals and institutions. First and foremost are Dr. David Switzer of the Institute of New Hampshire Studies, Plymouth State University and Mrs. Amy Swete Pruett (daughter of Mr. Dick Swete). These two individuals have kept the project on a steady keel. Dr. Chantal Radimilahy of the Institute of Civilizations/Museum of Art and Archaeology of the University of Antananarivo and Prof. Jean-Aime Rakotoarisoa who have been involved with the project since 1999 are also thanked for their support. Malagasy government officials who aided the project include His Excellency Zina Andrianarivelo, Ambassador and Permanent Representative of Madagascar to the United Nations who facilitated our travel to Madagascar; Mr. Jerome Sambalis, Directeur General of the Agence Portuaire Maritime et Fluviale took time to meet and hear our concerns for Madagascar’s submerged cultural heritage. On Isle Ste Marie, Mr. le President de la Délégation Spéciale Dieu Donné Alphonse and Mme. le Chef District Marie Annick Bevazaha supported the project, as did Mr. Jacquit Vanghou and Mme. Nicol Courrissaka of the Queen Betty Cultural Center on Ilot Madame, Isle Ste Marie. The project team was made up of archaeologists who took time off to contribute their time and expertise. They were Mr. - 
												
												Download the Revolution on the High Seas (PDF)
© Warlord Games © Warlord GAMING THE AWI WITH BLACK SEAS THEME THE REVOLUTION ON THE HIGH SEAS From the outset of the American Revolution, the newly formed Congress recognised the requirement for the newly independ- ent states to have a navy. The foe they faced was the most powerful naval force on the earth at the time: the Royal Navy. By David Davies n a time of poor roads and no rail PLAYING THE REVOLUTION AT SEA transportation, river and coastal While the Americans were limited in The British likewise do not yet have transportation were key to trade. the size of their fleet, the British faced the experience they would earn in While the British did have some similar issues. They simply couldn’t the decades to come. Thus, they also supply lines from the loyalist areas be everywhere at once, and nor were do not have the ‘Drilled’ special rule Ithey controlled, they were primarily their larger ships suitable for naviga- from page 78 of the rulebook. They reliant on supplies and materials from tion up the larger rivers or for opera- should have the ‘Admiralty’ special across the Atlantic, which made them tions close in to the shore. Interdiction, rule, however. Likewise, their ships vulnerable to privateers. Colonial ef- patrol, and convoy duties were left to should be limited to sloops, brigs, forts were at first haphazard, but grow- the more manoeuvrable frigates and and frigates, as most of the time the ing experience (and help from abroad) smaller unrated vessels. Americans would outrun the larger allowed the Americans to 'redirect' ships of the line (USS Randolf vs HMS much-needed supplies to their hands. - 
												
												John Paul Jones and the Curse of Home. Philological Quarterly, 99(1), Pp
Mckeever, G. (2020) John Paul Jones and the curse of home. Philological Quarterly, 99(1), pp. 95-117. This is the author’s final accepted version. There may be differences between this version and the published version. You are advised to consult the publisher’s version if you wish to cite from it. http://eprints.gla.ac.uk/184557/ Deposited on: 03 October 2020 Enlighten – Research publications by members of the University of Glasgow http://eprints.gla.ac.uk John Paul Jones and the Curse of Home There were at least two versions of a chapbook titled History of Paul Jones, the Pirate circulating in nineteenth-century Britain, part of a body of literature on this sea captain, an international sensation and source of domestic mythology even before his death in Paris in 1792.1 John Paul, or Paul Jones as he became known, was as these chapbooks tell it, “of a wild and ardent disposition,” well-suited to “a sea-faring life.” “Prompted partly by a spirit of revenge, and partly by the prospect of plunder,” Jones would eventually “desert his national standard” and, using “his complete knowledge of the northern coasts of Great Britain,” mount a series of “marauding schemes” on behalf of the Revolutionary United States. Returning to his “native place” in April 1778, not only did Jones attack the town of Whitehaven on the English side of the Solway, where he had trained as a young mariner, but he also made a “warlike” appearance at St. Mary’s Isle in Kirkcudbrightshire, looking to take the Earl of Selkirk hostage. - 
												
												H.M.S. Solebay and Maritime Archaeological Heritage
H.M.S. SOLEBAY AND MARITIME ARCHAEOLOGICAL HERITAGE PRESERVATION IN NEVIS, WEST INDIES A Dissertation by CHRIS CARTELLONE Submitted to the Office of Graduate and Professional Studies of Texas A & M University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY Chair of Committee, Luis Filipe Vieira de Castro Committee Members, Bruce Dickson Marco Meniketti James Bradford Head of Department, Cynthia Werner May 2015 Major Subject: Anthropology Copyright 2015 Chris Cartellone ABSTRACT In 2010, the discovery of a wreck identified as HMS Solebay off Nevis’ southwest seacoast prompted an investigation by a graduate student from Texas A&M University and the Institute of Nautical Archaeology, in collaboration with local and international partners. Team members documented the site with standard, low-tech, nonintrusive, archaeological recording methods. Nautical archaeology in Nevis is still a nascent discipline, one that should be pursued for the importance of seaborne commerce and warfare to the island’s historical evolution within the British Empire. The island is amongst the oldest English Caribbean colonies and in the 17th century was the richest of the Leeward Islands through slave-labored sugar plantations. Solebay’s story reveals the British naval experience during the American Revolution from the perspective of a crew manning a lower echelon warship. Built in 1763, deployed to America in 1776, and lost in the 1782 Battle of Frigate Bay, it transcended a vigorous period in British naval architecture, and technological innovations including coppered hulls and the introduction of carronades. Solebay exposes the challenges and rewards of studying this maritime heritage in Nevis. - 
											
Searching for Bonhomme Richard, Flagship of John Paul Jones
A Global Forum for Naval Historical Scholarship International Journal of Naval History December 2010 Volume 8 Number 3 Searching for Bonhomme Richard, Flagship of John Paul Jones Alexis Catsambis Melissa Ryan, George Schwarz There are few ships of the Revolutionary War which hold as high a degree of historic significance as Bonhomme Richard, commanded by American naval hero John Paul Jones. Bonhomme Richard (Figure 1) had been lent to the U.S. by France and was named in honor of Jones' friend Benjamin Franklin, who at that time represented America in France and was instrumental in acquiring the ship. On September 23, 1779, Jones engaged the British ship HMS Serapis in one of the most memorable battles in U.S. Naval History. It was during this three and a half hour fight, most of it taking place at point blank range, that Jones shouted his legendary words, “I have not yet begun to fight!” Ultimately, he emerged victorious and took control of Serapis. Although Bonhomme Richard had served him well, Jones watched his ship disappear beneath the waters of the North Sea 36 hours later, succumbing to the wounds of the battle. Jones’ victory Figure 1. Bonhomme Richard. (William Gilkerson) was a turning point in the Revolutionary War because it showed the world that the young Continental Navy was a formidable force, and strengthened vital French support for the war. Locating the remains of this warship would rekindle public enthusiasm for America’s naval heritage, allow for further studies on the construction of Revolutionary War vessels, and present the only means for interpreting the lives of Bonhomme Richard’s crew members, of which little is known. - 
											
John Paul Jones’ Sunken Ship While Admiral Callo Takes a Look at the Man
LOOKING FOR MR. JONES THE OCEAN TECHNOLOGY FOUNDATION BEGINS A SEARCH FOR JOHN PAUL JONES’ SUNKEN SHIP WHILE ADMIRAL CALLO TAKES A LOOK AT THE MAN. By Richard H. Wagner (Originally published in The Log, Navy League of the United States, New York Council, Summer 2006) The views expressed herein are number or quality, to challenge the solely those of the Editor and are not world's largest seapower to a fleet those of the Navy League, the Council, action. Indeed, in an action in or any other entity. Penobscott Bay between 22 American ships and a 10-ship British squadron that ohn Paul Jones was America's first included a ship-of-the-line, the and, perhaps still is, its most famous Americans were all but wiped out. Still, Jnaval hero. However, like many of rather than let Britain have unchallenged the founding fathers, Jones' actual command of the seas, the Continental achievement has become clouded by Navy did what many inferior naval legend. Indeed, historians even dispute powers have done throughout the course whether he actually spoke the of history and concentrated on inspirational quotation: "I have not yet commerce raiding. begun to fight." So, what is Jones claim One particularly clever twist to to fame? the American strategy was the decision Jones’ fame rests upon his not to limit the activities of the victory at the Battle of Flamborough Continental Navy to American waters Head. Although Jones was a successful but rather to attack commerce off of the captain and peppered the Continental British Isles. By so doing, the Congress with ideas that were later Americans would force the British to embarced by the United States Navy, keep more of their warships at home. - 
												
												John Paul Jones the Father of American Navy
JOHN PAUL JONES THE FATHER OF AMERICAN NAVY AGAINST ALGERIAN GAZI HASAN PASHA FIRST ENCOUNTERS BETWEEN THE UNITED STATES AND THE MUSLIM WORLD JOHN PAUL JONES TI ARKEO AL L U O S J‹ S E ‹ Y ‹ V A K K R F Ü I T TI ARKEO AL L U O S J‹ S E ‹ Y ‹ V A K K R F Ü I T Tina Türkiye Sualt› Arkeolojisi Vakf› Koç Üniversitesi, Rumeli Feneri Kampüsü, Rumeli Feneri Yolu Sar›yer / ‹stanbul Tel: 0212 338 37 79 Fax: 0212 338 37 69 www.tinaturk.org ‹Ç‹NDEK‹LER Sunufl ......................................................................................................................5 SUNUfi Tina Türkiye................ 5 6 JOHN PAUL JONES: THE FATHER OF AMERICAN NAVY John Paul Jones (July 6, 1747 - July 18, 1792 (aged 45)) was America's first well-known naval hero in the American Revolutionary War. John Paul Jones was born 'John Paul' in 1747, on the estate of Arbigland in the Stewartry of Kirkcudbright on the southern coast of Scotland. John Paul's father was a gardener at Arbigland, and his mother was a member of Clan MacDuff. John Paul adopted the alias 'John Jones' when he fled to his brother's home in Fredericksburg, Virginia in 1773 to avoid the hangman's noose in Tobago after an incident when he was accused of murdering a sailor under his command. He began using the name 'John Paul Jones', at the suggestion of his brother. Although his naval career never saw him above the rank of Captain in the Continental Navy after his victory over the Serapis with the frigate Bonhomme Richard, John Paul Jones remains the first genuine American Naval hero, as well as a highly regarded battle commander. - 
												
												Battle Off Flamborough Head: a Pivotal Victory for American Independence by Joseph F
Battle off Flamborough Head: A Pivotal Victory for American Independence by Joseph F. Callo COURTESY MARINERS’ MUSEUM MARINERS’ COURTESY Memorable Engagement of the Serapis and the Bonhomme Richard, (artist unknown) he impact of the battle between Jones had reached that point toward the (roughly twenty miles northwest of Captain John Paul Jones in the end of a deployment that left Lorient, Flamborough Head). More than forty T Continental ship Bonhomme France, on 14 August and took his small ships, fully laden with valuable cargos, Richard and Captain Richard Pearson in squadron northwards toward Ireland. His would make a very lucrative prize— HMS Serapis on 23 September 1779 has orders were to attack Britain’s maritime consistent with the commerce raiding gone largely unrecognized in most histo- lifeline and keep its population off bal- portion of his mission. As he chased the ries of the American Revolution. Jones’s ance with raids against their homeland. convoy to the south on the 23rd, other victory was in fact very important. His The squadron sailed along the west coast ships from his small squadron, includ- success was to the naval component of the of Ireland, rounded the northern tip of ing the new, 36-gun frigate Alliance and Revolution what the Battle of Saratoga in Scotland, and then altered course to the the 26-gun small frigate Pallas joined 1772 was to the land war—it changed ev- south and sailed down the east coasts of him. With those two ships and the 12- erything. The contest’s unlikely outcome Scotland and England. - 
												
												Catalogue 150 ~Spring & Summer 2018
Marine & Cannon Books Celebrating 35 Years of Bookselling 1983 ~ 2018 Catalogue 150 ~Spring & Summer 2018 NAVAL ~ MARITIME Fine & Rare MILITARY & AVIATION Antiquarian & BOOKSELLERS Out-of-Print Est. 1983 Books & Ephemera Front Cover Illustration : Caricature of ADMIRAL SIR GEORGE YOUNG (1732-1810) Drawn by Cooke & Published by Deighton, Charing Cross, January 1809. Item No. V457 MARINE & CANNON BOOKS CATALOGUE 150 {Incorporating Eric Lander Est. 1959 & Attic Books Est. 1995} Proprietors: Michael & Vivienne Nash and Diane Churchill-Evans, M.A. Naval & Maritime Dept: Military & Aviation Dept: Marine & Cannon Books Marine & Cannon Books “Nilcoptra” Square House Farm 3 Marine Road Tattenhall Lane HOYLAKE TATTENHALL Wirral CH47 2AS Cheshire CH3 9NH England England Tel: 0151 632 5365 Tel: 01829 771 109 Fax: 0151 632 6472 Fax: 01829 771 991 Em: [email protected] Em: [email protected] Established: 1983. Website : www.marinecannon.com VAT Reg. N: GB 539 4137 32 When ordering NAUTICAL items only, please place your order with our Naval & Maritime Department in Hoylake. If you are ordering MILITARY and/or AVIATION items only, please place your order with our Military & Aviation Department in Tattenhall. However, when ordering a mixture of NAUTICAL and MILITARY/AVIATION items, you need only contact Hoylake. This is to save you having to contact both departments. For a speedier service we recommend payment by Credit or Debit Card [See details below] or via our PAYPAL account - [email protected] For UK customers, parcels will either be sent Royal Mail or by Parcelforce. For OVERSEAS customers, we send AIRMAIL to all European destinations, and either AIRMAIL or SURFACE MAIL to the rest of the world, as per your instructions. - 
												
												Wigton, Cumberland; | (Bapt
BLENNERHASSETT family of WIGTON in Co.CUMBERLAND Blennerhassett Family Tree (BH02_Wigton_W.xlsx) revised October 2013, copyright © Bill Jehan 1968-2013 Thanks to all who have contributed to these pages - please email additions & corrections to: [email protected] CONTINUED FROM p.C10 of: Blennerhassett of CARLISLE & FLIMBY, Co.Cumberland W 01 >|>>> Richard Blennerhassett >>>>>|>>>William >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>|>>>Richard Blennerhassett; b.?.3.1754 bapt.18.7.1754 Wigton; flaxdresser (p.C 10) | Blennerhassett | bur.24.8.1757 St Saul's Church Wigton (interred in same coffin as his sister Betty); headstone inscription has d. August 1758 in error of Wigton, Cumberland; | (bapt. Record has Gulius | b. <???> | abbreviating Guilimus, |>>>Elizabeth "Betty" Blennerhassett; b.?.1.1756 bapt.11.2.1756 Wigton; d.?.7/8.1744 | the latin for William) | bur.24.8.1757 St Saul's Church Wigton (interred in same coffin as her brother Richard); headstone inscription has d. August 1758 in error bur.3.8.1744 Wigton; | / | St Saul's Church, Wigton; | bapt.26.11.1730 | d. intestate administration | St Saul's Church Wigton |>>>Lt. James Blennerhassett, RN >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>|>>>Samuel Blennerhassett; bapt.23.4.1786; d.young granted to his widow | merchant, grocer, | bapt.9.2.1758 St Saul's Church Wigton, Cumberland | 9.3.1744 (18 George II) | shopkeeper | eldest surviving son and heir |>>>Isabella Maria Blennerhassett / | / | / | / m.9.7.1730 | of Wigton, | Like his brother William, James Blennerhassett | m.Jan-Mar.1838 London Jane Stoddart fl.1744 | "late of Wigton" in 1775 | received a commission in the Royal Navy through | to <???> | / | the interest of his father's friend Sir James Lowther, | A close friend of Sir James Lowther, Bart.