DOCSLIB.ORG

M.R. Ahuja S. Mohan Jain Editors Biodiversity and Conservation of Woody Plants

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
M.R. Ahuja S. Mohan Jain Editors Biodiversity and Conservation of Woody Plants Sustainable Development and Biodiversity 17 M.R. Ahuja S. Mohan Jain Editors Biodiversity and Conservation of Woody Plants 123 Sustainable Development and Biodiversity Volume 17 Series editor Kishan Gopal Ramawat, Botany Department, M.L. Sukhadia University, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India This book series provides complete, comprehensive and broad subject based reviews about existing biodiversity of different habitats and conservation strategies in the framework of different technologies, ecosystem diversity, and genetic diversity. The ways by which these resources are used with sustainable management and replenishment are also dealt with. The topics of interest include but are not restricted only to sustainable development of various ecosystems and conservation of hotspots, traditional methods and role of local people, threatened and endangered species, global climate change and effect on biodiversity, invasive species, impact of various activities on biodiversity, biodiversity conservation in sustaining livelihoods and reducing poverty, and technologies available and required. The books in this series will be useful to botanists, environmentalists, marine biologists, policy makers, conservationists, and NGOs working for environment protection. More information about this series at http://www.springer.com/series/11920 M.R. Ahuja • S. Mohan Jain Editors Biodiversity and Conservation of Woody Plants 123 Editors M.R. Ahuja S. Mohan Jain Formerly Forestry Consultant University of Helsinki Zobel Forestry Associates Helsinki New Paltz, NY Finland USA ISSN 2352-474X ISSN 2352-4758 (electronic) Sustainable Development and Biodiversity ISBN 978-3-319-66425-5 ISBN 978-3-319-66426-2 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-66426-2 Library of Congress Control Number: 2017949151 © Springer International Publishing AG 2017 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. The publisher remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. Printed on acid-free paper This Springer imprint is published by Springer Nature The registered company is Springer International Publishing AG The registered company address is: Gewerbestrasse 11, 6330 Cham, Switzerland Preface Biodiversity or biological diversity refers to diversity in the genes, species, community of species, and the ecosystem. Biodiversity includes all living forms on earth. Biodiversity encompasses genetic, species, and ecosystem diversity. Genetic diversity represents the heritable variation within and between populations of a species. Biodiversity is essential for the survival of a species in a changing environment. Climate change creates a new challenge for biodiversity conservation. Species ranges and ecological dynamics are already responding to recent climate shifts, and current reserves/parks will not continue to support all plant/tree species. Forests cover approximately 31% of the world’s total land area, of which 93% is natural forest and only 7% are planted trees. Forest decline is progressing at an alarming rate worldwide. In addition to human activities (logging, deforestation, and forest lands for agriculture and industrial use), a number of other diverse factors, including pests and diseases, drought, soil acidity, radiation, ozone, are cumulatively contributing to global forest decline. The present situation forces us to focus on forest conservation strategies for the present and future. Gene conservation and maintaining of genetic diversity in the forest ecosystems are crucial for the preservation of forest genetic resources. This calls for integrated action for in situ (on site) preservation of forest stands and ex situ (away from the original site) strategies for the conservation of woody plant genetic resources. Selected priority areas include: (1) assessing patterns of genetic diversity and threats, (2) understanding biological processes regulating genetic diversity, (3) assessing the impact of human activities and climate change on genetic diversity, and (4) finding methods to prioritize species and populations for the conservation of forest tree genetic resources. Chapters in this volume are written by leading scientists in their fields of specialization that include woody plant diversity, ecology and evolution, assessment of genetic diversity in forest tree populations, conser- vation planning under climate change, in situ and ex situ strategies, including biotechnological approaches, in a number of diverse and economically important woody plant species for the conservation of their genetic resources. v vi Preface This volume provides complete, comprehensive, and broad subject-based reviews for students, teachers, researchers, policy makers, conservationists, and NGOs interested in the field of biodiversity and conservation of woody plants. New Paltz, USA M.R. Ahuja Helsinki, Finland S. Mohan Jain Contents Part I Genetic Diversity and Conservation 1 Coconut Genetic Diversity, Conservation and Utilization......... 3 V. Arunachalam and M.K. Rajesh 2 Genetic Diversity and Conservation of Mexican Forest Trees ..... 37 Christian Wehenkel, Samantha del Rocío Mariscal-Lucero, Juan Pablo Jaramillo-Correa, Carlos Antonio López-Sánchez, J. Jesús Vargas-Hernández and Cuauhtémoc Sáenz-Romero 3 Climate Change, Genetic Diversity, and Conservation of Paleoendemic Redwoods ................................... 69 M.R. Ahuja 4 Mulberry (Morus Spp.) Genetic Diversity, Conservation and Management ............................................ 95 Amalendu Tikader and Kunjupillai Vijayan 5 Conservation of Forest Genetic Resources in Norway in a Climate Change Perspective ....................................... 129 Tore Skrøppa and Kjersti Bakkebø Fjellstad 6 Use of Molecular Markers in the Conservation Management of Tropical Trees ........................................... 155 S. Changtragoon, R. Jalonen and A.J. Lowe 7 Genetic Diversity Utilization and Conservation of Neem (Azadirachta indica A. Juss.) ................................ 197 A.V.C. Silva, A.S. Jesus, A.N.R. Soares and A.S. Ledo Part II Biodiversity and Conservation 8 Biotechnological Approaches for Conservation of the Genus Pistacia ................................................. 221 Hülya Akdemir and Ahmet Onay vii viii Contents 9 Biodiversity and Conservation of Elaeis Species ................ 245 Maizura Ithnin, Norhalida Mohamed Serdari, Norziha Abdullah, Ahmad Kushairi and Rajinder Singh 10 Conservation of Woody Plant Diversity in Kenya .............. 273 Kimberly E. Medley, John K. Maingi and Christine M. Mutiti 11 Woody Plant Diversity and Density in Selected Eucalyptus and Other Plantation Forest Species in Ethiopia ................... 291 Shiferaw Alem and Muhammad Nakhooda 12 Biodiversity and Conservation of Date Palm................... 313 Adel A. Abul-Soad, S. Mohan Jain and Mushtaque A. Jatoi 13 Approaches for In Vitro Conservation of Woody Plants Germplasm ............................................. 355 María Teresa González-Arnao, Natalia Dolce, María Elena González-Benito, Carlos R. Castillo Martínez and Carlos A. Cruz-Cruz 14 Conservation of Hardwood Forest Species .................... 421 E. Corredoira, M.T. Martínez, M.C. Sanjosé and A. Ballester 15 Diversity of Trees in the Mesoamerican Agroforestry System ..... 455 Noel A. González-Valdivia, William Cetzal-Ix, Saikat Kumar Basu, Fernando Casanova-Lugo and Jesús F. Martínez-Puc 16 Native Trees and Shrubs for Ecosystems Services and the Redesign of Resilient Livestock Production Systems in the Mexican Neotropics ....................................... 489 Francisco Solorio, Luis Ramírez, Saikat Basu, Liz Trenchard, Lucero Sarabia, Julia Wright, Carlos Aguilar, Baldomero Solorio, Armin Ayala and Juan Ku Contributors Norziha Abdullah Malaysian Palm Oil Board, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia Adel A. Abul-Soad Horticulture Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt Carlos Aguilar Campus de Ciencias Biológicas Y Agropecuarias, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico M.R. Ahuja New Paltz, NY, USA Hülya Akdemir Faculty of Science, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Gebze Technical University, Gebze, Kocaeli, Turkey Shiferaw Alem Department of Forest Botany, Dendrology and Geo-Biocenology, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic V. Arunachalam Section of Horticultural Science, ICAR-Central Coastal Agricultural Research Institute Ela, Old Goa, India Armin Ayala Campus de Ciencias Biológicas Y Agropecuarias, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán,
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Native Trees of Mexico: Diversity, Distribution, Uses and Conservation
    Native trees of Mexico: diversity, distribution, uses and conservation Oswaldo Tellez1,*, Efisio Mattana2,*, Mauricio Diazgranados2, Nicola Kühn2, Elena Castillo-Lorenzo2, Rafael Lira1, Leobardo Montes-Leyva1, Isela Rodriguez1, Cesar Mateo Flores Ortiz1, Michael Way2, Patricia Dávila1 and Tiziana Ulian2 1 Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Av. De los Barrios 1, Los Reyes Iztacala Tlalnepantla, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Estado de México, Mexico 2 Wellcome Trust Millennium Building, RH17 6TN, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Ardingly, West Sussex, United Kingdom * These authors contributed equally to this work. ABSTRACT Background. Mexico is one of the most floristically rich countries in the world. Despite significant contributions made on the understanding of its unique flora, the knowledge on its diversity, geographic distribution and human uses, is still largely fragmented. Unfortunately, deforestation is heavily impacting this country and native tree species are under threat. The loss of trees has a direct impact on vital ecosystem services, affecting the natural capital of Mexico and people's livelihoods. Given the importance of trees in Mexico for many aspects of human well-being, it is critical to have a more complete understanding of their diversity, distribution, traditional uses and conservation status. We aimed to produce the most comprehensive database and catalogue on native trees of Mexico by filling those gaps, to support their in situ and ex situ conservation, promote their sustainable use, and inform reforestation and livelihoods programmes. Methods. A database with all the tree species reported for Mexico was prepared by compiling information from herbaria and reviewing the available floras. Species names were reconciled and various specialised sources were used to extract additional species information, i.e.
    [Show full text]
  • Hosts of Raoiella Indica Hirst (Acari: Tenuipalpidae) Native to the Brazilian Amazon
    Journal of Agricultural Science; Vol. 9, No. 4; 2017 ISSN 1916-9752 E-ISSN 1916-9760 Published by Canadian Center of Science and Education Hosts of Raoiella indica Hirst (Acari: Tenuipalpidae) Native to the Brazilian Amazon Cristina A. Gómez-Moya1, Talita P. S. Lima2, Elisângela G. F. Morais2, Manoel G. C. Gondim Jr.1 3 & Gilberto J. De Moraes 1 Departamento de Agronomia, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil 2 Embrapa Roraima, Boa Vista, RR, Brazil 3 Departamento de Entomologia e Acarologia, Escola Superior de Agricultura ‘Luiz de Queiroz’, Universidade de São Paulo, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil Correspondence: Cristina A. Gómez Moya, Departamento de Agronomia, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Av. Dom Manoel de Medeiros s/n, Dois Irmãos, 52171-900, Recife, PE, Brazil. Tel: 55-81-3320-6207. E-mail: [email protected] Received: January 30, 2017 Accepted: March 7, 2017 Online Published: March 15, 2017 doi:10.5539/jas.v9n4p86 URL: https://doi.org/10.5539/jas.v9n4p86 The research is financed by Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES)/ Program Student-Agreement Post-Graduate (PEC-PG) for the scholarship provided to the first author. Abstract The expansion of red palm mite (RPM), Raoiella indica (Acari: Tenuipalpidae) in Brazil could impact negatively the native plant species, especially of the family Arecaceae. To determine which species could be at risk, we investigated the development and reproductive potential of R. indica on 19 plant species including 13 native species to the Brazilian Amazon (12 Arecaceae and one Heliconiaceae), and six exotic species, four Arecaceae, a Musaceae and a Zingiberaceae.
    [Show full text]
  • Acaricidal Activity of Derris Floribunda Essential Oil and Its Main Constituent
    Asian Pac J Trop Biomed 2017; 7(9): 791–796 791 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/apjtb Original article http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apjtb.2017.08.006 Acaricidal activity of Derris floribunda essential oil and its main constituent Ana Claudia Fernandes Amaral1, Aline de S. Ramos1,Marcia Reis Pena2, Jose Luiz Pinto Ferreira1, Jean Michel S. Menezes3, Geraldo J.N. Vasconcelos4, Neliton Marques da Silva2, Jefferson Rocha de Andrade Silva3* 1Lab de Plantas Medicinais e Derivados, Depto de Química de Produtos Naturais, Farmanguinhos, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil 2Lab de Entomologia e Acarologia Agrícola, Faculdade de Cienciasˆ Agrarias, Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Manaus, AM, Brazil 3Lab de Cromatografia, Depto de Química, Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Manaus, AM, Brazil 4Instituto de Cienciasˆ Exatas e Tecnologia, Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Itacoatiara, AM, Brazil ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Article history: Objective: To evaluate the acaricidal activity of the essential oil obtained from roots of Received 17 Jul 2017 Derris floribunda (D. floribunda) (Miq.) Benth, and its main constituent nerolidol against Received in revised form 28 Jul 2017 the Mexican mite Tetranychus mexicanus (T. mexicanus) (McGregor). Accepted 14 Aug 2017 Methods: The essential oil from the roots of D. floribunda collected in the Amazon Available online 19 Aug 2017 region (Brazil) was obtained by hydrodistillation. Its chemical composition was deter- mined by GC–MS analysis. The acaricidal activities of this essential oil and nerolidol, were evaluated by recording the number of dead females (mortality) and eggs (fertility).
    [Show full text]
  • (Banks) on Primocane-Fruiting Blackberries (Rubus L. Subgenus Rubus) in Arkansas Jessica Anne Lefors University of Arkansas, Fayetteville
    University of Arkansas, Fayetteville ScholarWorks@UARK Theses and Dissertations 5-2018 Seasonal Phenology, Distribution and Treatments for Polyphagotarsonemus latus (Banks) on Primocane-fruiting Blackberries (Rubus L. subgenus Rubus) in Arkansas Jessica Anne LeFors University of Arkansas, Fayetteville Follow this and additional works at: http://scholarworks.uark.edu/etd Part of the Entomology Commons, Fruit Science Commons, Horticulture Commons, and the Plant Pathology Commons Recommended Citation LeFors, Jessica Anne, "Seasonal Phenology, Distribution and Treatments for Polyphagotarsonemus latus (Banks) on Primocane- fruiting Blackberries (Rubus L. subgenus Rubus) in Arkansas" (2018). Theses and Dissertations. 2730. http://scholarworks.uark.edu/etd/2730 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by ScholarWorks@UARK. It has been accepted for inclusion in Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks@UARK. For more information, please contact [email protected], [email protected]. Seasonal Phenology, Distribution and Treatments for Polyphagotarsonemus latus (Banks) on Primocane-fruiting Blackberries (Rubus L. subgenus Rubus) in Arkansas A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Entomology by Jessica Anne LeFors Texas Tech University Bachelor of Science in Horticulture, 2015 May 2018 University of Arkansas This thesis is approved for recommendation to the Graduate Council. _______________________________ Donn T. Johnson, Ph.D Thesis Director _______________________________ _______________________________ Oscar Alzate, Ph.D Terry Kirkpatrick, Ph.D Committee Member Committee Member _______________________________ Allen Szalanski, Ph.D Committee Member Abstract Worldwide, blackberries (Rubus L. subgenus Rubus) are an economically important crop. In 2007, Polyphagotarsonemus latus (Banks) (broad mites), were first reported damaging primocane-fruiting blackberries in Fayetteville, Arkansas.
    [Show full text]
  • Marla Maria Marchetti Ácaros Do Cafeeiro Em
    MARLA MARIA MARCHETTI ÁCAROS DO CAFEEIRO EM MINAS GERAIS COM CHAVE DE IDENTIFICAÇÃO Dissertação apresentada à Universidade Federal de Viçosa, como parte das exigências do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Entomologia, para obtenção do título de Magister Scientiae. VIÇOSA MINAS GERAIS - BRASIL 2008 MARLA MARIA MARCHETTI ÁCAROS DO CAFEEIRO EM MINAS GERAIS COM CHAVE DE IDENTIFICAÇÃO Dissertação apresentada à Universidade Federal de Viçosa, como parte das exigências do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Entomologia, para obtenção do título de Magister Scientiae. APROVADA: 29 de fevereiro de 2008. Prof. Noeli Juarez Ferla Prof. Eliseu José Guedes Pereira (Co-orientador) Pesq. André Luis Matioli Prof. Simon Luke Elliot Prof. Angelo Pallini Filho (Orientador) “Estou sempre alegre essa é a maneira de resolver os problemas da vida." Charles Chaplin ii DEDICO ESPECIAL A Deus, aos seres ocultos da natureza, aos guias espirituais, em fim, a todos que me iluminam guiando-me para o melhor caminho. A minha família bagunceira. Aos meus amáveis pais Itacir e Navilia, pela vida maravilhosa que sempre me proporcionaram, pelos ensinamentos de humildade e honestidade valorizando cada Ser da terra, independente quem sejam, a minha amável amiga, empresária e irmã Magda Mari por estar sempre pronta a me ajudar, aos meus amáveis sobrinhos, meus maiores tesouros, são minha vida - Michel e Marcelo, ao meu cunhado Agenor, participação fundamental por eu ter chegado até aqui. Enfim, a vocês meus familiares, pelo amor, pelo apoio incondicional, pelas dificuldades, as quais me fazem crescer diariamente, pelas lágrimas derramadas de saudades, pelo carinho, em fim, por tudo que juntos passamos. Vocês foram e sempre serão o alicerce que não permitirão que eu caía.
    [Show full text]
  • Impacts of Insecticides on Predatory Mite, Neoseiulus Fallacis (Acari: Phytoseidae) and Mite Flaring of European Red Mites, Panonychus Ulmi (Acari: Tetranychidae)
    IMPACTS OF INSECTICIDES ON PREDATORY MITE, NEOSEIULUS FALLACIS (ACARI: PHYTOSEIDAE) AND MITE FLARING OF EUROPEAN RED MITES, PANONYCHUS ULMI (ACARI: TETRANYCHIDAE) By Raja Zalinda Raja Jamil A DISSERTATION Submitted to Michigan State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Entomology–Doctor of Philosophy 2014 ABSTRACT IMPACTS OF INSECTICIDES ON PREDATORY MITE, NEOSEIULUS FALLACIS (ACARI: PHYTOSEIDAE) AND MITE FLARING OF EUROPEAN RED MITES, PANONYCHUS ULMI (ACARI: TETRANYCHIDAE) By Raja Zalinda Raja Jamil Panonychus ulmi, the European red mite, is a major agricultural pest found in most deciduous fruit growing areas. It is the most important mite species attacking tree fruits in humid regions of North America. Bristle-like mouthparts of this mite species pierce the leaf cell wall and ingestion of their contents including chlorophyll causes bronzing injury to leaves. Heavy mite feeding early in the season (late Jun and July) reduce tree growth and yield as well as the fruit bud formation, thereby reduce yields the following year. Biological control of this pest species by predators has been a cornerstone of IPM. Phytoseiid mite, Neoseiulus fallacis (Garman) is the most effective predator mite in Michigan apple orchards and provides mid- and late-season biological control of European red mites. Achieving full potential of biological control in tree fruit has been challenging due to the periodic sprays of broad-spectrum insecticides. There have been cases of mite flaring reported by farmers in relation to the reduced-risk (RR) insecticides that were registered in commercial apple production in the past ten years. These insecticides are often used in fruit trees to control key direct pests such as the codling moth.
    [Show full text]
  • Checklist of the Genus Quercus (Fagaceae) of Aguascalientes, México
    13 1 2045 the journal of biodiversity data 14 February 2017 Check List LISTS OF SPECIES Check List 13(1): 2045, 14 February 2017 doi: https://doi.org/10.15560/13.1.2045 ISSN 1809-127X © 2017 Check List and Authors Checklist of the genus Quercus (Fagaceae) of Aguascalientes, México Víctor Manuel Martínez-Calderón, María Elena Siqueiros-Delgado1 & Julio Martínez-Ramírez Universidad Autónoma de Aguascalientes, Centro de Ciencias Básicas, Departamento de Biología, Herbario HUAA, Avenida Universidad 940, Ciudad Universitaria, Código Postal 20131, Aguascalientes, AG, México 1 Corresponding author. E-mail: [email protected] Abstract: Twenty-five species of Quercus were collected in none occur in Yucatán (Rzedowski 2006). the state of Aguascalientes, 11 members of Quercus sect. In Aguascalientes, one of the smallest of the Mexican Lobatae (red oak) and 14 members of Quercus sect. Quercus states, two major physiographic units are recognized: (white oak). Ten species were newly recorded. Quercus xerophytic and temperate. The eastern half of the state potosina is the commonest and most widely distributed is a semiarid region where drier conditions predominate. species in the state. Eight species were found only in a single This portion of the state consists of a broad valley bounded municipality, Calvillo or San José de Gracia. The species of by a system of plateaus and low hills in the far east. Plant Quercus are mainly distributed in oak and pine-oak forest communities of this region are typical of a semi-arid in the western part of Aguascalientes. The municipalities climate and include crasicaules or thorny scrub, mesquite with the greatest numbers of species are San José de forests, and grasslands.
    [Show full text]
  • Redalyc.Tree and Tree-Like Species of Mexico: Apocynaceae, Cactaceae
    Revista Mexicana de Biodiversidad ISSN: 1870-3453 [email protected] Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México México Ricker, Martin; Valencia-Avalos, Susana; Hernández, Héctor M.; Gómez-Hinostrosa, Carlos; Martínez-Salas, Esteban M.; Alvarado-Cárdenas, Leonardo O.; Wallnöfer, Bruno; Ramos, Clara H.; Mendoza, Pilar E. Tree and tree-like species of Mexico: Apocynaceae, Cactaceae, Ebenaceae, Fagaceae, and Sapotaceae Revista Mexicana de Biodiversidad, vol. 87, núm. 4, diciembre, 2016, pp. 1189-1202 Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Distrito Federal, México Available in: http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=42548632003 How to cite Complete issue Scientific Information System More information about this article Network of Scientific Journals from Latin America, the Caribbean, Spain and Portugal Journal's homepage in redalyc.org Non-profit academic project, developed under the open access initiative Available online at www.sciencedirect.com Revista Mexicana de Biodiversidad Revista Mexicana de Biodiversidad 87 (2016) 1189–1202 www.ib.unam.mx/revista/ Taxonomy and systematics Tree and tree-like species of Mexico: Apocynaceae, Cactaceae, Ebenaceae, Fagaceae, and Sapotaceae Especies arbóreas y arborescentes de México: Apocynaceae, Cactaceae, Ebenaceae, Fagaceae y Sapotaceae a,∗ b a a Martin Ricker , Susana Valencia-Avalos , Héctor M. Hernández , Carlos Gómez-Hinostrosa , a b c Esteban M. Martínez-Salas , Leonardo O. Alvarado-Cárdenas , Bruno Wallnöfer , a a Clara H. Ramos , Pilar E. Mendoza a Herbario Nacional de México (MEXU), Departamento
    [Show full text]
  • Estudio Preliminar Del Género Quercus (Fagaceae) En Tamaulipas, México Preliminary Study of the Genus Quercus (Fagaceae) in Tamaulipas, Mexico
    120: 59-111 Julio 2017 Artículo de investigación Estudio preliminar del género Quercus (Fagaceae) en Tamaulipas, México Preliminary study of the genus Quercus (Fagaceae) in Tamaulipas, Mexico Erika Pérez Mojica1 , Susana Valencia-A.1,2 RESUMEN: 1 Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Antecedentes y Objetivos: El estado de Tamaulipas se ubica en el noreste de México, región consi- México, Herbario Nacional de la Fa- derada con alta riqueza de encinos, pero carente de inventarios y de herramientas para identificar las cultad de Ciencias (FCME), Circuito ex- terior s.n., Ciudad Universitaria, 04510 especies de Quercus. El objetivo de este trabajo es conocer la riqueza específica del géneroQuercus en Cd. Mx., México. Tamaulipas y proporcionar herramientas para su identificación. 2 Autor para la correspondencia: Métodos: Se revisaron los ejemplares de Quercus depositados en los herbarios CHAP, ENCB, FCME, [email protected] HUAP, INEGI, INIF y MEXU; así como los ejemplares escaneados del género Quercus de Tamaulipas de los herbarios MO y K disponibles en la página electrónica de Trópicos y los tipos de las especies en JSTOR Global Plants. Paralelamente se revisaron las publicaciones de Tamaulipas, particularmente las Citar como: listas florísticas que incluyen el géneroQuercus , resultando en una lista preliminar de especies colectadas Pérez Mojica, E. y S. Valencia-A. 2017. Es- tudio preliminar del género Quercus (Fa- y reportadas. La revisión de ejemplares y el reconocimiento de los sinónimos permitió depurar la lista de gaceae) en Tamaulipas, México. Acta Bo- especies. Con base en la información anterior, se prepararon las descripciones de las especies de encinos. tanica Mexicana 120: 59-111.
    [Show full text]
  • The Role of the Francisco Javier Clavijero Botanic Garden
    Research article The role of the Francisco Javier Clavijero Botanic Garden (Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico) in the conservation of the Mexican flora El papel del Jardín Botánico Francisco Javier Clavijero (Xalapa, Veracruz, México) en la conservación de la flora mexicana Milton H. Díaz-Toribio1,3 , Victor Luna1 , Andrew P. Vovides2 Abstract: Background and Aims: There are approximately 3000 botanic gardens in the world. These institutions cultivate approximately six million plant species, representing around 100,000 taxa in cultivation. Botanic gardens make an important contributionex to situ conservation with a high number of threat- ened plant species represented in their collections. To show how the Francisco Javier Clavijero Botanic Garden (JBC) contributes to the conservation of Mexican flora, we asked the following questions: 1) How is vascular plant diversity currently conserved in the JBC?, 2) How well is this garden perform- ing with respect to the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation (GSPC) and the Mexican Strategy for Plant Conservation (MSPC)?, and 3) How has the garden’s scientific collection contributed to the creation of new knowledge (description of new plant species)? Methods: We used data from the JBC scientific living collection stored in BG-BASE. We gathered information on species names, endemism, and endan- gered status, according to national and international policies, and field data associated with each species. Key results: We found that 12% of the species in the JBC collection is under some risk category by international and Mexican laws. Plant families with the highest numbers of threatened species were Zamiaceae, Orchidaceae, Arecaceae, and Asparagaceae. We also found that Ostrya mexicana, Tapirira mexicana, Oreopanax capitatus, O.
    [Show full text]
  • An Updated Infrageneric Classification of the North American Oaks
    Article An Updated Infrageneric Classification of the North American Oaks (Quercus Subgenus Quercus): Review of the Contribution of Phylogenomic Data to Biogeography and Species Diversity Paul S. Manos 1,* and Andrew L. Hipp 2 1 Department of Biology, Duke University, 330 Bio Sci Bldg, Durham, NC 27708, USA 2 The Morton Arboretum, Center for Tree Science, 4100 Illinois 53, Lisle, IL 60532, USA; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] Abstract: The oak flora of North America north of Mexico is both phylogenetically diverse and species-rich, including 92 species placed in five sections of subgenus Quercus, the oak clade centered on the Americas. Despite phylogenetic and taxonomic progress on the genus over the past 45 years, classification of species at the subsectional level remains unchanged since the early treatments by WL Trelease, AA Camus, and CH Muller. In recent work, we used a RAD-seq based phylogeny including 250 species sampled from throughout the Americas and Eurasia to reconstruct the timing and biogeography of the North American oak radiation. This work demonstrates that the North American oak flora comprises mostly regional species radiations with limited phylogenetic affinities to Mexican clades, and two sister group connections to Eurasia. Using this framework, we describe the regional patterns of oak diversity within North America and formally classify 62 species into nine major North American subsections within sections Lobatae (the red oaks) and Quercus (the Citation: Manos, P.S.; Hipp, A.L. An Quercus Updated Infrageneric Classification white oaks), the two largest sections of subgenus . We also distill emerging evolutionary and of the North American Oaks (Quercus biogeographic patterns based on the impact of phylogenomic data on the systematics of multiple Subgenus Quercus): Review of the species complexes and instances of hybridization.
    [Show full text]
  • Planning Restoration in Human-Modified Landscapes: New
    Applied Geography 83 (2017) 118e129 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Applied Geography journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/apgeog Planning restoration in human-modified landscapes: New insights linking different scales * Monica Borda-Nino~ a, , Diego Hernandez-Muci no~ b, Eliane Ceccon c a Centro de Investigaciones en Geografía Ambiental, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Antigua Carretera a Patzcuaro No. 8701, Col. Ex-Hacienda de San Jose de La Huerta, Morelia, C.P. 58190, Mexico b Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Av. Universidad 3000, Circuito exterior s/n, Coyoacan, D.F., C.P. 04510, Mexico c Centro Regional de Investigaciones Multidisciplinarias, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Av. Universidad s/n, Circuito 2, Col. Chamilpa, Cuernavaca, C.P. 62210, Mexico article info abstract Article history: The transformation of tropical ecosystems by humans have resulted in forest loss, which, in turn, have Received 8 May 2016 caused negative impacts on biodiversity and the provisioning of ecosystem services. There is an urgent Received in revised form need to plan the restoration of these human-modified landscapes, using methodological approaches that 21 March 2017 consider key processes occurring at different spatial scales while engage local community participation, Accepted 21 March 2017 offering them the best possibilities of tangible benefits. In this study, was evaluated the landscape spatial pattern and local conservation status of existing forest remnants, showing an analysis of possible restoration scenarios for a human-modified landscape in La Montana,~ an indigenous region in south- Keywords: fi Anthropogenic landscapes western Mexico. Therefore, landscape and local scale approaches were linked to identify speci c land- Habitat fragmentation scape elements where efforts to improve connectivity must be concentrated.
    [Show full text]