BOOSTING SKILLS for GREENER JOBS in FLANDERS This Paper Is Published Under the Responsibility of the Secretary-General of the OECD
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BOOSTING SKILLS FOR GREENER JOBS IN FLANDERS This paper is published under the responsibility of the Secretary-General of the OECD. The opinions expressed and the arguments employed herein do not necessarily reflect the official views of OECD member countries. © OECD 2016 You can copy, download or print OECD content for your own use, and you can include excerpts from OECD publications, databases and multimedia products in your own documents, presentations, blogs, websites and teaching materials, provided that suitable acknowledgment of the source and copyright owner is given. All requests for public or commercial use and translation rights should be submitted to [email protected]. Requests for permission to photocopy portions of this material for public or commercial use shall be addressed directly to the Copyright Clearance Center (CCC) at [email protected] or the Centre français d'exploitation du droit de copie (CFC) at [email protected]. 2 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This report was prepared by Nathalie Cliquot (Policy Analyst, Local Economic and Employment Development (LEED) work programme) under the supervision of Francesca Froy (Coordinator of Employment, Skills and Local Governance in the LEED Division) and Sylvain Giguère (Head of the LEED Division) with support from Michela Meghnagi and Nikolett Kis (Statisticians). Sections of the report were drafted by members of an expert team composed by Nathalie Cliquot (OECD LEED), Mr Kris Bachus and Ms. Lize Van Dyck (KU Leuven), and Prof. Philip Cooke (Centre for Innovation, Bergen University College, Norway), Francesca Froy (OECD LEED) and Michela Meghnagi (OECD LEED), Jonathan Barr (OECD LEED), and Angela Attrey (OECD LEED). This project would not have been possible without the participation and co-operation from the Departments WSE and LNE of the Flemish Government, Ghent City, Vlakwa, Antwerp province and the West Flanders province. In particular the city of Ghent, the provinces of West Flanders and Antwerp hosted the project local roundtables in October 2014, while WSE hosted the final workshop in Ghent in December 2014. The project and report benefitted from the active contribution from a steering committee: • Ann Van den Cruyce and Raf Boey, from the Department for Work and Social Economy (WSE) • Jan Kielemoes and Annemie Janssens from the Environment, Nature and Energy Department (LNE) • Dirk Van der Stede and Dirk Halet from the Flanders Knowledge Centre for Water (Vlakwa) • Fanny Mestdagh, Alien Vanhee and Barbara Govaert from Ghent City • Myriam Rebahi and Gitte Devries, from the province of Antwerp • Ann Overmeire and Heidi Hanssens from the province of West Flanders Finally, Johan Person from the company Tell ID2 contributed to the delivery of the company survey in Flanders in October 2014 and Irena Kondratenko assisted the expert team to animate local roundtables. Angela Attrey and Barbara Cachova (OECD, LEED) also assisted the authors with the editing and lay- outing. 3 TABLE OF CONTENTS BOOSTING SKILLS FOR GREENER JOBS IN FLANDERS ................................................... 1 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS .......................................................................................................... 3 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY .......................................................................................................... 8 Measuring the transition towards a green economy at the local level in Flanders..................... 8 INTRODUCTION ....................................................................................................................... 10 CHAPTER 1 GREEN SKILLS AND THE TRANSITION TO A GREEN ECONOMY .......... 13 References ................................................................................................................................ 16 CHAPTER 2 FLANDERS AND THE TRANSITION TO A GREEN ECONOMY IN THE OECD GREEN GROWTH FRAMEWORK .......................................................................................... 18 The OECD Green Growth strategy .......................................................................................... 18 Measuring the transition towards a green economy at the local level in Flanders................... 19 Conclusions .............................................................................................................................. 40 References ................................................................................................................................ 42 CHAPTER 3 POLICY FRAMEWORK AND LOCAL INITIATIVES FOR GREENING SKILLS AND JOBS ............................................................................................................................................ 44 Policies connected with greening the labour market in Flanders ............................................. 48 Local initiatives in Flemish provinces ..................................................................................... 52 Conclusions .............................................................................................................................. 55 References ................................................................................................................................ 56 CHAPTER 4 GREENING COMPANY PRACTICES IN FLANDERS .................................... 58 Sector specific initiatives to green practices ............................................................................ 58 Company survey ...................................................................................................................... 63 References ................................................................................................................................ 78 CHAPTER 5 POLICY RECOMMENDATIONS ....................................................................... 79 Adapting education and skills policies and initiatives for the green economy transition ........ 79 Step up knowledge sharing and partnerships to encourage green innovation ......................... 83 Monitoring the green economy transition: benchmarks and dissemination to inspire local stakeholders 85 Next steps for action and implementation ............................................................................... 88 References ................................................................................................................................ 91 ANNEX 1: INTERVIEWED COMPANIES AND SECTOR FEDERATIONS ........................ 93 ANNEX 2: FACT FINDING ROUNDTABLES SUMMARY NOTE ....................................... 94 Antwerp ................................................................................................................................... 94 West Flanders - Roeselare ....................................................................................................... 97 4 Ghent ........................................................................................................................................ 99 ANNEX 3 – DASHBOARD INDICATORS FOR FLANDERS .............................................. 103 ANNEX 4 – COMPANY SURVEY QUESTIONNAIRE ........................................................ 104 Part I – Company features...................................................................................................... 104 Part II - Are local industries greening their production and consumption activities? ............ 105 Part III - How are jobs profiles and skills needs chaining to adapt to the new transition? .... 106 Part IV – Is the education and employment system appropriate to face these changes? ....... 107 Part V - The support role of public sector and knowledge sharing ........................................ 109 Tables Table 1 Boosting skills for greener jobs - Company surveys description ................................ 11 Table 2 Boosting skills for greener jobs - Stakeholders roundtables ....................................... 12 Table 2.1 Benchmark countries and regions ............................................................................ 19 Table 2.2 CO2 emissions in Flemish provinces, 2008 ............................................................. 27 Table 2.3 Patents in environment-related technologies, 2009 ................................................ 37 Table 2.4 Dashboard based on the OECD Green Growth framework ..................................... 41 Table 4.1 Perceived environmental challenges by sector ........................................................ 65 Table 4.2 Perceived main obstacles to training........................................................................ 74 Table 3 Roundtable participant list ........................................................................................ 101 Figures Figure 2.1 OECD green growth strategy indicators ................................................................. 18 Figure 2.2 GDP per capita, 2011 ............................................................................................. 20 Figure 2.3 Labour productivity, 2010 ...................................................................................... 21 Figure 2.4 Unemployment rate and youth unemployment rate, 2013 ...................................... 22 Figure 2.5. Population, 2012 .................................................................................................... 23 Figure 2.6 OECD Survey of Adult Skills, results across regions in Flanders ......................... 24 Figure 2.7 CO2 emissions per capita, 2008 ............................................................................