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MN History Magazine
THIS IS a revised version of a talk given before the St. Louis Ccninty Historical Society on February 23, 1954. The author, who teaches political science in the University of Minnesota, Duluth Branch, became interested in traces of early logging and mining operations while hunting and fishing in the Arrowhead region. Some Vanished Settlements of th£ ARROWHEAD COUNTRY JULIUS F. WOLFF, JR. FOR MORE THAN two centuries Minne in the 1840s in search of copper and other sota has been known to white men who minerals. Such prospecting, however, was were exploring, trading, mining, logging, really poaching, since the area was Indian fishing, or farming in the area. The thriving territory until it was ceded to the United communities of today are monuments to suc States by the treaty of La Pointe in 1854. cessful pioneer expansion in many fields. Yet One of the first accounts of white habitation there are numerous sites in Koochiching, on the shore dates from the fall of that Cook, Lake, and St. Louis counties that tell year, when R. B. McLean, a prospector who a different story — a story of failure, of at later became the area's first mail carrier, tempts at settlement that did not bear fruit. accompanied a party which scoured the White habitation in northeastern Minne shore for copper outcrops, McLean noted a sota is largely confined to the last hundred few settlers near the mouths of the French, years. To be sure, explorers, missionaries, Sucker, Knife, and Encampment rivers and and fur traders visited the area repeatedly at Grand Marais.^ after the seventeenth century and estab During the next two years a wave of lished scattered trading posts. -
Assessing Impacts of Climate Change on Vulnerability of Brook Trout in Lake Superior’S Tributary Streams of Minnesota
Assessing Impacts of Climate Change on Vulnerability of Brook Trout in Lake Superior’s Tributary Streams of Minnesota Lucinda B. Johnson, Natural Resources Research Institute, University of Minnesota Duluth William Herb, St. Anthony Falls Laboratory, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis Meijun Cai, Natural Resources Research Institute, University of Minnesota Duluth Report to Minnesota Department of Natural Resources, upon completion of contract # MN DNR/1229G WO 47578 Natural Resources Research Institute technical report number NRRI/TR-2013/05 1 Executive Summary Water temperature is generally considered one of the primary physical habitat parameter determining the suitability of stream habitat for fish species, with effects on the mortality, metabolism, growth, behavior, and reproduction of individuals. In this study we assessed the potential threats of climate change on stream temperatures and flow regimes in Lake Superior tributary streams in Minnesota, USA. The study included deterministic models for stream flow and temperature of three study streams (Amity Creek, Baptism River, Knife River), and regional (empirical) models for specific flow and temperature parameters to give better spatial coverage of the region. Information on stream flow, stream temperature, and land cover was used to develop a brook trout presence/absence model to understand the current pattern of distribution of brook trout and predict future distributions under future climate. The hydrology of north shore streams is mainly driven by air temperature and precipitation. Historical air temperatures in the region have a significant upward trend, particularly since 1980. Global climate model (GCM) outputs project a continued increasing trend in air temperature, with an increase in mean annual air temperature of 2 to 3 °C by 2089. -
Survey and Fish Man- E Streams of the North Shore Watershed
nical Bulletin Number 1 SURVEY AND FISH MAN- E STREAMS OF THE NORTH SHORE WATERSHED LLOYD L. SM ITH, JR. and JOHN B. MOYLE DEPARTMENT Of CONSERVATION ISION OF GAME AND FISH This document is made available electronically by the Minnesota Legislative Reference Library as part of an ongoing digital archiving project. http://www.leg.state.mn.us/lrl/lrl.asp (Funding for document digitization was provided, in part, by a grant from the Minnesota Historical & Cultural Heritage Program.) MINNESOTA DEPARTMENT OF CONSERVATION DIVISION OF GAME AND FISH A BIOLOGICAL SURVEY AND FISHERY MAN AGEMENT PLAN FOR THE STREAMS OF THE LAKE SUPERIOR NORTH SHORE WATERSHED LLOYD L. SMITH, JR. Research Supervisor and JOHN B. MOYLE Aquatic Biologist A CONTRIBUTION FROM THE MINNESOTA FISHERIES RESEARCH LABORATORY TECHNICAL BULLETIN NO. 1 1 9 4 4 STATE OF MINNESOTA The Honorable Edward J. Thye ................... Governor MINNESOTA DEPARTMENT OF CONSERVATION Chester S. Wilson ............................ Commissioner E. V. Willard ........................ Deputy Commissioner DIVISION OF GAME AND FISH Verne E. Joslin ............................. Acting Director E. R. Starkweather ........................ Law Enforcement Norman L. Moe ........................... Fish Propagation George Weaver ........................ Commercial Fisheries Stoddard Robinson .................... Rough Fish Removal Lloyd L. Smith,- Jr........................ Fisheries Research Thomas Evans ........................ Stream Improvement Frank Blair .......................... ~ .. Game Management -
Watertrail Map 2.FH10
Route Description LAKE SUPERIOR Be familiar with dangers of hypothermia and All watercraft (including non-motorized canoes and Other items recommended for paddlers to carry: (continued from other side) ake Superior is the largest freshwater dress appropriately for the cold water (32 to 50 kayaks over 9 feet in length) must be registered in A portable VHF radio to call for help in an emer- In Miles (0.0 at Minnesota Entrance -Duluth Lift Bridge) lake on our planet, containing 10% of degrees Fahrenheit). Minnesota or the state of residence. gency and monitor the weather channels; Spray skirt; Float for paddle; Whistle and emergency all the fresh water on earth. The lake's Cold water is a killer - wearing a wet or dry suit is 42.3 Crazy Bay. Split Rock Lighthouse State Park. Two 32,000 square mile surface area stretches strongly recommended. Anticipate changes in weather, wind and wave by flares; Water, snacks and sunscreen; and compass. kayak campsites. West site is for kayakers only and across the border between the United monitoring a weather or marine VHF radio, and using is available on a first-come, first-served basis. Pit States and Canada; two countries, three states, one Seek instruction and practice kayak skills, in- your awareness and common sense. This map is not adequate for sole use as a toilet. [47° 11.075' N / 91° 23.975' W]. East site (backpack/kayak site #3) is shared-use by kayakers province and many First Nations surround Superior's cluding rescues, before paddling on Lake Superior. The National Weather Service broadcasts a 24 hour navigational aid. -
ATLAS of the SPAWNING and NURSERY AREAS of GREAT LAKES FISHES Volume II - Lake Superior
Biological Services Program FWS/OBS-82/52 SEPTEMBER 1982 ATLAS OF THE SPAWNING AND NURSERY AREAS OF GREAT LAKES FISHES Volume II - Lake Superior Great Lake - St. Lawrence Seaway Navigation Season Extension Program Fish and Wildlife Service Corps of Engineers U.S. Department of the Interior U.S. Department of the Army The Biological Services Program was established within the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service to supply scientific information and methodologies on key environmental issues that Impact fish and wildlife resources and their supporting ecosystems. The mission of the program is as follows: o To strengthen the Fish and Wildlife Service in its role as a primary source of information on national fish and wild- life resources, particularly in respect to environmental impact assessment. o To gather, analyze, and present information that will aid decisionmakers in the identification and resolution of problems associated with major changes in land and water use. o To provide better ecological information and evaluation for Department of the Interior development programs, such as those relatfng to energy development. Information developed by the Biological Services Program is intended for use in the planning and decisionmaking process to prevent or minimize the impact of development on fish and wildlife. Research activities and technlcal assistance services are based on an analysis of the issues, a determination of the decisionmakers involved and their informatlon needs, and an evaluation of the state of the art to identify information gaps and to determine priorities. This is a strategy that will ensure that the products produced and disseminated are timely and useful. -
Posted Boundaries and Fish Sanctuaries on Lake Superior Tributaries
Division of Fish and Wildlife Section of Fisheries May 2020 Posted Boundaries and Fish Sanctuaries on Lake Superior Tributaries The Minnesota Department of Natural Resources-Section of Fisheries has established regulations and fish sanctuaries on Lake Superior tributaries to protect migratory fish species from Lake Superior, particularly native coaster Brook Trout, and also to extend fishing seasons for other species. Fish sanctuaries have permanent or seasonal closures (Minnesota administrative rule 6264.0500) to protect fish in vulnerable locations during spawning seasons and to restrict fishing near dams, fish traps and egg collection stations. Fish sanctuaries are marked by signs hung by cables, attached to natural features or on posts. Posted boundaries for areas covered by Lake Superior and below-boundary tributary regulations are marked by yellow signs posted near the stream at the upstream end of the boundary. Posted boundaries specify the location on a stream where fishing regulations change and generally correspond to areas accessible to fish migrating upstream from Lake Superior. When a stream has no impassible barrier, such as a waterfall, the posted boundary is marked at a road crossing or other landmark. Streams with a posted boundary at the stream mouth or Minnesota/Wisconsin state line will not have a physical sign posted. Regulations for below posted boundary areas are: Most people fishing Lake Superior or its tributaries will need a trout/salmon stamp validation in addition to a Minnesota angling license (see MNDNR fishing regulations). Many special possession limits and size restrictions apply for trout and salmon caught below the posted boundaries (see MNDNR fishing regulations). -
A Fishing Guide to Lake Superior and North Shore Trout Streams
AA FishingFishing GuideGuide toto LakeLake SuperiorSuperior andand NorthNorth ShoreShore TTroutrout StreamsStreams LEGEND Stream Information Seasonal Fishing Lake County Boat Launch Sites Miles Miles A. Horseshoe Bay E. Schroeder Town Launch Cook County Above Below Trout Shoreline Miles Miles (DNR) Located one and one-quarter miles east of Hovland. Turn off State Highway 61 east of Cross River on road marked Stream Name Boundary Boundary Species Status Continuous Fishing Above Below Trout Shoreline No gas. Parking. Small boats only. Father Baragas Cross, west side of Temperance River State except for brook trout Stream Name Boundary Boundary Species Status Park. The launch is just left of the dead end. No gas. Small Duluth Baptism River 8.0 1.00 B,Bn,R,C P,G B. Grand Marais boats only. Parking. Picnic area. Baptism River, E. Branch 14.0 0.00 B,Bn P,G (DNR/City) Heading north on State Highway 61 take a Assinika Creek 4.1 0.00 B G Baptism River, W. Branch 14.5 0.00 B,Bn P,G right at the stop lights in Grand Marais. Three blocks to F. Taconite Harbor Bally Creek 5.5 0.00 B G Beaver River 24.1 0.20 B,Bn,R P,G Boat Access Barker Creek 6.5 0.00 B G Beaver River, E. Branch 23.0 0.00 B P,G launch site adjacent to Coast Guard Station. No gas. Parking. (DNR) Turn at public access sign off State Highway 61 west Beaver Dam Creek 5.0 0.00 B P,G Beaver River, W. -
An Assessment of Representative Lake Superior Basin Tributaries 2002
An Assessment of Representative Lake Superior Basin Tributaries 2002 Minnesota Pollution Control Agency With Cooperation From: U.S. Geological Survey Minnesota Department of Natural Resources Minnesota’s Lake Superior Coastal Program Metropolitan Council- Environmental Services Cook County City of Duluth Minnesota Pollution Control Agency August 2003 An Assessment of Representative Lake Superior Basin Tributaries 2002 Stream Water Quality Assessment Technical Report Series By Jesse Anderson, Mark Evenson, Tom Estabrooks, and Bruce Wilson Environmental Outcomes and Regional Environmental Management Divisions Minnesota Pollution Control Agency August 2003 Acknowledgements: Study support / funding: Minnesota Pollution Control Agency, U.S. Geological Survey, City of Duluth. This project is also being funded under the Coastal Zone Management Act, by NOAA’s Office of Ocean and Coastal Resource Management, in conjunction with Minnesota’s Lake Superior Coastal Program. Report contributions: Steve Balogh, Ph.D., (Metropolitan Council); Deserae Hendrickson and Steve Persons, (Minnesota Department of Natural Resources) Field assistance: Phil McDonald, Jeremy Erickson, Julie McDonnell, Tom Schaub, Kathy Tilander, Patty Bacigalupo, Pat Carey, and Sylvia McCollor (Minnesota Pollution Control Agency); Karen Evens (Cook County); Ruth Kyrola (Minnesota Department of Natural Resources); Marnie Lonsdale, Jerry Walker, Todd Carlson (City of Duluth); Mike Davies (Superior National Golf Course); Kevin Guttormson, Greg Melhus, Wally Larson, and Russ Liewens (U.S. Geological Survey) Computer mapping and modeling assistance: Andrew Streitz, Heidi Bauman, Bob Murzyn (Minnesota Pollution Control Agency) Manuscript review: Dave Maschwitz, Ph.D., Steve Heiskary, and Ed Swain, Ph.D., (Minnesota Pollution Control Agency) i Executive Summary The beauty and unique setting of Lake Superior’s North Shore have made the region a popular recreation destination. -
Appendix C: Great Lakes Basin Physical and Readiness Watershed
Appendix C: Great Lakes Basin Physical and Readiness Watershed Characterization Tabulated Results ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- The following tables are provided as Appendix C to the report titled "Great Lakes Watershed Sustainability Strategy (GLWESS): Watershed Characterization and Selection of Candidate Pilot Watersheds": 1. "Table C-1. Physical Scoring (US)" - tabular summary of physical characterization metrics for all HUC-10 watersheds in the U.S. portion of the Great Lakes Basin. 2. "Table C-2. Physical Scoring (CN)" - tabular summary of physical characterization metrics for all quaternary-level watersheds in the Canadian portion of the Great Lakes Basin. 3. "Table C-3. Physical Matrix (US)" - summary matrix for "hydrologic impact" and "human impact" scores for all HUC-10 watersheds in the U.S. portion of the Great Lakes Basin. 4. "Table C-4. Physical Matrix (CN)" - summary matrix for "hydrologic impact" and "human impact" scores for all quaternary watersheds in the Canadian portion of the Great Lakes Basin. 5. "Table C-5. Readiness Scoring" - tabular summary of readiness metrics and "readiness index" for all HUC-8 in the U.S. and tertiary watersheds in Canada. 6. "Table C-6. Readiness Notes" - tabular summary of notes and comments related to the readiness evaluation for all HUC-8 in the U.S. and tertiary watersheds in Canada. Table C-1. Physical Characterization Scoring for U.S. Watersheds Physical Characterization Metric Scores Human Agricultural Imperviousnes -
Upstream Boundary Locations on North Shore Tributaries
Use arrow keys to navigate through document MINNESOTA DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL RESOURCES DIVISION OF FISHERIES Listing of Upstream Posted Boundaries and Fish Sanctuaries on North Shore Streams Tributary to Lake Superior Revised December 2016 Streams not listed have no upstream boundary and are subject to below-boundary regulations throughout their length UTM UTM County Waters Upstream Boundary Blank Easting Northing Carlton Clear Creek Hwy. 23; T.47, R.16, S.2 550748 5158902 Carlton Deer Creek Hwy. 23; T.47, R.16, S.29 Blank 546849 5152520 Carlton Blackhoof River Baker Road; T.47, R.17, S.15 539715 5155250 Carlton Spring Creek (to Blackhoof) At mouth; T.47, R.17, S.26 540941 5152714 Carlton Nemadji River Above junction with Blackhoof River; T.47, R.16, S.32 546229 5151858 Carlton Nemadji River (South Fork) Hwy. 23; T.46, R.16, S.6 545257 5149076 Carlton Nett River, Big County Road 8; T.46, R.16, S.17 546523 5145941 Carlton Nett River, Little County Road 8; T.46, R.16, S.10 549061 5147865 Carlton State Line Creek County Road 8; T.46, R.15, S.7 553719 5148652 St. Louis St. Louis River MN-WI Boundary Cable; T.48, R.15, S.6 554151 5168254 St. Louis Mission Creek Hwy. 23; T.48, R.15, S.8 555425 5167708 St. Louis Sargent Creek Hwy. 23; T.48, R.15, S.10 559060 5167055 St. Louis Stewart Creek Hwy. 23; T.49, R.15, S.26 559950 5172159 St. Louis Knowlton Creek Top of lower barrier falls; T.49, R.15, S.23 560652 5174006 St. -
Watersheds More-Than-Just-A-Lakemapping
More Than Just a Lake! TOPIC Great Lake drainage basins AUDIENCE Grades 1-6; 10-30 students SETTING By creating a map of the rivers flowing into your Great Lake, Large, open indoor space is learn how rivers form a watershed. required GOAL To understand the concept of a drainage basin or watershed, and how that concept relates to the BACKGROUND around the lake as gravity pulls water local Great Lake watershed. All lakes and rivers have a set area to the lowest point. Water draining of land that water drains into them to the lowest common point is the OBJECTIVES • Students will understand the from, called the “watershed” or simplest definition of a watershed. defining role that rivers have “drainage basin.” Drainage basins are in watershed activity important environmentally because 2. Introduction to the model • Students will be able to state whether they live inside or whatever happens within the basin of watershed outside the drainage basin of the lake can happen to the lake itself. Students gather around the “shore” their Great Lake Toxic substances spilled or placed of the lake. Explain that the blue • Older students will be able to identify the river drainage on the land or in watershed rivers yarn represents rivers. With younger basin in which they live can end up in the lake. See the Great students, demonstrate how one river Lakes Watershed Fact Sheets for ad- might look on the map as it flows MATERIALS ditional information about your local into your Great Lake. • Large floor map of your Great Lake (or an outline on the watershed. -
For the Keweenawan (Upper Precambrian) North Shore Volcanic Group, Minnesota
FIELD TRIP GUIDEBOOK "FOR THE KEWEENAWAN (UPPER PRECAMBRIAN) NORTH SHORE VOLCANIC GROUP, MINNESOTA PREPARED FOR THE ANNUAL MEETING OF THE GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA, NORTH-CENTRAL SECTION, AND THE INSTITUTE ON LAKE SUPERIOR GEOLOGY DULUTH, MINNESOTA, 1979 l5il MINNESOTA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA ST. PAUL, MINNESOTA 55108 GUIDEBOOK SERIES NO. 11 MINNESOTA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA Matt Walton, Director FIELD TRIP GUIDEBOOK FOR THE KEWEENAWAN (UPPER PRECAMBRIAN) NORTH SHORE VOLCANIC GROUP, MINNESOTA Leader John C. Green prepared for the Annual Meeting of THE GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA, NORTH-CENTRAL SECTION and THE INSTITUTE ON LAKE SUPERIOR GEOLOGY Duluth, Minnesota, 1979 Available from the Minnesota Geological Survey, University of Minnesota 1633 Eustis street, St. Paul, Minnesota 55108. Price $4.00 (plus tax). CONTENTS Page Regional relations 1 North Shore Volcanic Group 3 Road Log--Keweenawan North Shore Volcanic Group 9 References 20 ILLUSTRATIONS Figure 1. Stratigraphic correlations for Keweenawan volcanic rocks, Lake SUperior area 2 Figure 2. Generalized geologic map 6 Figure 3. Map showing field trip stop locations 9 Figure 4. Photographs of volcanic features 19 Figure 5. Photographs of volcanic features 19 TABLES Table 1. Generalized characteristics of major lava types of North Shore Volcanic Group 5 Table 2. Generalized volcanic stratigraphy of south west limb, North Shore Volcanic Group 7 Table 3. Volcanic stratigraphy of northeast limb, North Shore Volcanic Group 8 Table 4. Chemical analyses of selected samples 10 The University of Minnesota is committed to the poicy that all persons shall have equal access to its programs, facilities, and employment without regard to race, creed, color, sex, national origin, or handicap.