Table Of Contents A Closer Look At Blonder Tongue ...... 1 Headend Product ...... 1.7 Headend Product Overview Charts ...... 1.8 Option 14 ...... 1.12 Option 4 - AM ...... 1.15 Option 4 - AP ...... 1.16 AM Switch Settings ...... 1.17 AP and AD-1 Switch Setting ...... 1.23 18 GHz Express Microwave Products ...... 1.36 TX18000 Series ...... 1.37 PA18000 Series ...... 1.38 RP18000 Series ...... 1.39 RX18003 Series ...... 1.40 18 GHz Express - Product Selector Guide ...... 1.41 18 GHz Express - Typical System Example diagram ...... 1.42 Range of Acceptable PIN Designations ...... 1.43 Fiber Optic Product Overview Charts ...... 1.45 VideoMaskª Interdiction (VMI) Products ...... 1.47 VMI Parts List ...... 1.48 VMI Specification Summary ...... 1.49 VMI System Design ...... 1.50 VMI Installation Guidelines ...... 1.57 VMI Unit Activation ...... 1.59 VMI Troubleshooting ...... 1.60 VMI Jamming Worksheet ...... 1.62 Single Living Interdiction Unit (SLIU) Products ...... 1.64 SLIU Parts List ...... 1.65 SLIU Specification Summary ...... 1.66 SLIU System Design ...... 1.68 SLIU Installation Guidelines ...... 1.73 SLIU Unit Activation ...... 1.78 SLIU Troubleshooting ...... 1.79 SLIU Jamming Worksheet ...... 1.81 Subscriber Module Interdiction (SMI) Products ...... 1.83 SMI General Parts List ...... 1.84 SMI Specification Summary ...... 1.85 SMI System Design ...... 1.86 SMI Installation Guidelines ...... 1.93 SMI Unit Activation ...... 1.109 SMI Troubleshooting ...... 1.112 SMI Jamming Worksheet ...... 1.114

Basic Cable Theory ...... 2 Useful Technical Data ...... 2.1 The Decibel ...... 2.1 Voltage Confusion ...... 2.1 Power Conversions ...... 2.2 dBmV, dBµV & dBm ...... 2.2 Impedance Mismatch ...... 2.3 Standard Resistor Color Codes & Values ...... 2.4

System Calculations ...... 3 Carrier/Cross Modulation (XM) ...... 3.1 Carrier/Composite Triple Beat (CTB) ...... 3.2 Carrier/Single Second Order Distortion (C/SSO) ...... 3.3 Carrier/Composite Second Order Distortion (C/CSO) ...... 3.4 Composite Intermodulation Noise (CIN) ...... 3.5 Carrier/Hum Modulation (C/H) ...... 3.6 Carrier/Noise ...... 3.7 TVRO Formulas ...... 3.8 Azimuth and Elevation Angles ...... 3.9 Determining Acceptable Peak-to-Valley Deviation ...... 3.10 Amplifier Cascade Factor ...... 3.11 Amplifier Cascade Factor Example ...... 3.12 System Calculations Example ...... 3.13 20 Log Function Derate Chart ...... 3.14 10 Log Function Derate Chart ...... 3.15 Combining 2 X-MOD or CTB Performance ratings (20 LOG) Combining 2 CNR or SSO Performance ratings (10 LOG) ...... 3.16 Beat Packet Quantity ...... 3.17

Fiber ...... 4 Siecor MICª Cable Fiber Identification Guide ...... 4.1 Fiber Optics ...... 4.2 Fiber Loss Vs Path Length ...... 4.3 Converting MW to DBM ...... 4.4 Transmitter/Receiver Matrix ...... 4.5 Single Mode Product Selection Tree ...... 4.6 Multimode Product Selection Tree ...... 4.7 Multimode Broadband 5 Ch. Design Tool ...... 4.8 Single Mode Broadband 10 Ch. Design Tool ...... 4.11 Single Mode Broadband 15 Ch. Design Tool ...... 4.14 Single Mode Broadband 25 Ch. Design Tool ...... 4.17 FIBT Design Tool ...... 4.20 Optical Coupler Design Tool ...... 4.24 Broadband CATV Link Multiple Receive Sites - Single Mode ...... 4.25 Broadband CATV/25 Ch. Return Path on 2 Fibers ...... 4.26 Broadband CATV W/Optical 25 Ch. Return Path - Single Mode . . . . 4.27 Video/Audio/Audio Fiber Optic Link ...... 4.28 Single Polarity L-Band, Dual Fiber Optic Link - Single Mode ...... 4.29 Stacked L-Band Fiber Optic Link - Single Mode ...... 4.30 Multi Output L-Band Fiber Optic Link ...... 4.31

Frequency Chart, CATV Channel Format, Satellite Charts . . . . . 5 CATV Channels, North America ...... 5.1 CATV Channels, United Kingdom ...... 5.8 Off-Air Channels, North America ...... 5.9 Off-Air Channels ¥ CCIR Standards ...... 5.11 FM Broadcast Channel Frequencies ...... 5.13 International Channel Standards ...... 5.14 CCIR Television Transmission Characteristic ...... 5.16 Frequency Spectrum ...... 5.17 Cable TV Channel Format ...... 5.19 FCC Aeronautical Band Frequencies ...... 5.20 North American Satellite Freq./Transponder Conversion Tables ...... 5.21 North American Satellite C & Ku Band Chart ...... 5.44 DISH¨ Network Programming Services ...... 5.45 DIRECTV¨ Programming Services ...... 5.51 Bell ExpressVu¨ Programming Services ...... 5.54 WSNet Programming Services ...... 5.59 TV Stations Chart ...... 5.61

Conversion Factors ...... 6 Ohm’s Law & Joule’s Law ...... 6.1 Table of Conversions ...... 6.2 Return, Reflection Coefficient, & Voltage Standing Wave Ratio (VSWR) 6.4 Return Loss ...... 6.5 Conversion Factors ...... 6.6 Temperature Conversions Nomograph ...... 6.10 Wire Gauge Data (AWG) ...... 6.11 Current Ratings For Electronic Cables ...... 6.12 Cable Substitution Chart ...... 6.13

System Design Symbols ...... 7 Common CATV Symbols ...... 7.1 Digital “L-Band” Symbols ...... 7.3

Passive & Coaxial Cable Characteristics ...... 8 Cable & Equalizer Formulas ...... 8.1 Cable Loss Conversion Chart ...... 8.3 Cable Loss & Temperature ...... 8.4 Typical Cable Attenuation Chart ...... 8.5

Miscellaneous Data & Constants ...... 9 75 Ohm Attenuator Table & Equations ...... 9.1 Ghost ...... 9.3 Echo Rating Graph ...... 9.4 Signal to Interference Limits Non-Coherent Carriers ...... 9.5 Error Corrections Chart ...... 9.6 Heterodyne Modulator ...... 9.7 Heterodyne Processor ...... 9.8 Broadband RF Network Powering ...... 9.9

FCC Rules ...... 10 Cumulative Leakage Index ...... 10.1 Maximum Leakage Levels ...... 10.3 Aeronautical Frequency Notifications ...... 10.6 Aeronautical Operational Requirements ...... 10.7 Highlights of FCC Rules & Regulations Part 76 ...... 10.8 Broadband Communication Design & Performance Standards . . . . . 10.17

Antennas ...... 11 Wavelength & Antennas ...... 11.1 Dipole Antenna Equations ...... 11.2 Multiplexers ...... 11.3 Antenna - General Information ...... 11.4 Antenna Stacking ...... 11.5 Antenna Spacing ...... 11.6 Antenna Phasing ...... 11.8 Pre-Amp Noise Figure Vs. Signal to Noise ...... 11.9

How to Reach Blonder Tongue ...... 12 Contact List ...... 12.1 CATV Reference Guide Update Card

www.blondertongue.com 1 Blonder Tongue Laboratories, Inc. Blonder Tongue Laboratories is a designer, manufacturer and 1 supplier of a comprehensive line of electronics and systems equipment for the franchised and private cable television industries. History The Company was founded in 1950 by Isaac (Ike) S. Blonder and Ben H. Tongue. It was in the early days of broadcast TV and they saw a need for Booster Amplifiers to improve fringe-area reception. They started with modest beginnings in Yonkers, New York and introduced the first commercially successful Broadband Booster Amplifier. The company soon branched out into master antenna system design and other efforts that earned Ben Tongue some 30 and Ike Blonder 39 patents in the 1960’s. The company grew rapidly and after several moves, consolidated the operations in Old Bridge, New Jersey, where the company still resides. Ben and Ike sold their Blonder Tongue stake in 1989 and both still work with the company engineers as consultants. Blonder Tongue’s offices are headquartered in Old Bridge, New Jersey consisting of a 130,000 square foot facility, on approximately 20 acres of land. In December of 1995, the company successfully completed an initial public offering of shares of its common stock. It is traded on the American Stock Exchange (AMEX) under the ticker symbol: BDR. The funds generated were used to acquire the company’s Old Bridge facility and reduce the company’s outstanding bank debt. Philosophy Blonder Tongue’s focus has always been and continues to be customer driven. To this end, we have adopted a philosophy of Quality, as defined by the customer. This philosophy is exemplified by our company slogan, “The Standard Of Quality In TV Signal Distribution”. Achieving the high standards we have set for ourselves requires a concerted effort from the entire organization. We have addressed the issue of quality from two distinct directions, Product Quality and Service Quality. 1 Product Offering 2 Our goal of offering the highest possible ‘Product Quality’ has helped us in becoming the largest equipment provider to the private cable market. Our ability to offer our customers a "one-stop-shop" destination has led to the creation of a large and diverse product line. The Blonder Tongue product line can be separated according to function into the following categories: (1) Headend Products used by a system operator for signal acquisition, processing and manipulation for further transmission. (2) Data & Telephony Products used by a system operator to provide Internet access & data transfer as well telephone service over a hybrid fiber/coaxial cable system. (3) Distribution Products used to permit signals to travel to their ultimate destination in a home, apartment unit, hotel room, office, or other terminal location. (4) Subscriber Products used to control access to programming at the subscriber’s location and to split and amplify incoming signals for transmission to multiple sites and multiple communication devices within a site. (5) Microwave Products used to transmit the output of headend products to multiple locations using point-to-point communications links in the microwave frequency range. (6) Fiber Optic Products providing the latest option for transmitting and receiving video & data signals. (7) Satellite Receivers (digital and analog) used at an earth station to downconvert, process and prepare satellite signals from the leading providers for viewing and listening. (8) Interdiction Products providing a unique addressable system for cable television signal protection eliminating the need for set-top converters. (9) Test Equipment comprising a complete array of products for measuring signals in Headend, Microwave, Interdiction, and Distribution Products. Product Quality A complete product family is just the beginning of our commitment to Product Quality. Our in-house Research and Development 1 department is staffed by experienced and knowledgeable electrical and mechanical engineers. They create and completely evaluate all 3 product specifications, designs and mechanical drawings before they are released to the QC & Manufacturing process. Blonder Tongue maintains a quality assurance program which performs inspection on incoming samples of all purchased parts. For statistical process control, verification tests are performed and test data is taken throughout the entire manufacturing process. Test systems are comprised of commercially available equipment as well as custom in-house built testing systems that incorporate proprietary procedures. Blonder Tongue performs final quality control tests on 100% of its products prior to shipment to customers. The company’s manufacturing facilities are located right here in the US at the corporate headquarters where virtually all products are assembled by trained factory technicians. Blonder Tongue prides itself on having total control over the manufacturing & engineering process without having to go to off-shore factories. This eliminates costly delays and communication issues that can occur and reinforces the "Made in USA" motto. The operations are vertically integrated and they consist principally of the assembly and testing of electronic assemblies built from fabricated parts, printed circuit boards & electronic devices. In addition, manufacturing fabricates chassis & cabinets from raw sheet metal for such assemblies. Management continues to implement a significant number of technological advances and engineering changes to the manufacturing process to ensure superior performance, increase production volume and reduce product cost. Some of the recent innovations include: (a) Logistics modifications on the factory floor, (b) An increased use of surface mount, axial lead and radial lead robotics to place electronic components on printed circuit boards, (c) A continuing program of circuit board redesign to make more products compatible with robotic insertion equipment, and (d) An increased integration in machining and fabrication. Service Quality 1 “Service Quality” at Blonder Tongue is attacked with the same vigor as product quality. Blonder Tongue provides an extensive warranty 4 with every product sold, as almost every product is covered for a full 3 years from the original date of purchase. Telephone technical support for all Blonder Tongue products is always available during normal business hours at no charge. Blonder Tongue can also provide 24-hour support and on-site system engineering for inspection or troubleshooting of field problems. Our field engineers are available on a scheduled basis for a nominal fee. Our systems engineering personnel are very experienced in working with customers constructing systems. They assist them in determining which products are necessary and provide information leading to the development of an effective system for providing the communications capability required. Blonder Tongue provides system design layouts for customers that utilize Blonder Tongue products in the system. Preliminary assistance to determine the quantity and configuration of products is also available. This service is provided free of charge for the initial design layout. Blonder Tongue also provides custom designed products and/or modifications to standard products. Because our engineering staff and manufacturing facilities are located on-site, we can react quickly to these special requests and meet the strict delivery schedule our customers demand. Our sales staff also welcomes bid submittals via our request for proposal (RFP) program and makes specification sheets available for use in evaluating these bids. These sheets provide a comprehensive description of product specifications for determining proper system use. Another value added service Blonder Tongue provides is headend fabrication. Headends are provided, at customer request, completely racked, assembled and drop shipped to the headend final destination. The customer need only unpack, connect the racks to one another, plug into AC power, connect the antenna feeds to the 1 headend and the RF output to the distribution system. Complete documentation of the headend design as well as the distribution 5 system design is provided. Blonder Tongue performs all of the system engineering work, manufactures the headend and distribution electronics and delivers everything required to completely build the system. If the customer uses Blonder Tongue’s VideoMask™ Interdiction equipment, this full service program will provide pre-assembled pedestal and/or wall mounted assemblies ready for mounting in configurations for distribution to 1, 4, 8, 12, 16 or 20 subscriber blocks. The headends and multiple subscriber Interdiction assemblies are factory pre-tested, burned in and the performance optimized prior to shipment. The Blonder Tongue warranty on these assemblies is identical to that of the individual components. The specifications for the final headend and Interdiction assemblies are also guaranteed to match those measured at the factory. A guarantee of field performance can also be provided. The procedure can be expanded to include a headend site survey, additional on-site system engineering, and a complete field test of the installed system at a nominal fee consistent with the complexity of the system. By providing these large headend and Interdiction assembly building blocks, the required logistics, on-site labor and the personnel are greatly reduced. Consequently, performance and quality are maximized. Leasing If you would like to be more profitable, have more purchasing flexibility and cash flow predictability with no worries about coping with equipment obsolescence or disposal, a leasing solution from Blonder Tongue/ILC is the smart move. Our leasing solutions are flexible. Upgrades, add-ons, early terminations and sale are handled with ease. Not only that, but high margin services like maintenance support, training and installation can be added into the lease. For more information please contact your Blonder Tongue Sales Representative. Technical Training Seminars 1 For over 25 years, Blonder Tongue has conducted technical training seminars throughout the United States for installers, engineers and 6 distributor sales & service personnel. These seminars provide valuable information on system theory, design engineering, product use and interfacing as well as technical instruction. All seminars include a full set of course material for each attendee and are staffed by the Blonder Tongue personnel. In February 1999, we hosted our first National Interdiction User’s Conference in Houston, Texas. The conference was hosted by our Interdiction task force team and was a huge success. It is through these vast organizational endeavors that Blonder Tongue Laboratories strives to remain, The Standard Of Quality In TV Signal Distribution.

www.blondertongue.com 1 Headend Products • Triple QT - QUAD QPSK/QAM Transcoder 7 • Broadcast Frequency Locked Modulator (BFLM) • Integrated Receiver / Descramblers • Commercial Satellite Receivers • Commercial Digital Satellite Receivers • Agile Audio/Video Modulators • Channelized Audio/Video Modulators • Channelized Agile Audio/Video Modulators • Modular Headend Systems • Agile Heterodyne Processors • Channelized Agile Heterodyne Processors • Agile Audio/Video Demodulators • Stereo Encoders • Combiners • Strip Amplifiers • Channel Converters • Bandpass Filters • Channel Elimination Filters • Tunable Notch Traps • Headend Racks & Housings • Low Cost Headend Products • Complete Headend Fabrication Services

A specification summary is provided to aid in installing and setting up common headend equipment. For more detailed information, please see Blonder Tongue’s full line catalog, the instruction manual(s) provided with the individual headend equipment, or contact Blonder Tongue’s Sales and Marketing Departments. Headend Product Overview Charts 1 SATELLITE RECEIVERS Frequency IF IF Static Aural Aural Model Stock Transponder Range Frequency BW Threshold Fixed Variable 8 Name Number Selection (MHz) (MHz) (MHz) (dB) (MHz) (MHz) IRD-6185-RS 6185A Push Button 950-1450 70 32 <8.0 6.8 5.4-8.2 Direct C & Ku Agile CESR-c 6166 Push Button 950-1450 70 32 <8.0 6.8 5.4-8.2 Direct C & Ku Agile CDSR-4400 6195 Direct C & Ku 950-1550 Agile - 32 <8.0 direct No CDSR-4500 6196 Direct C & Ku 950-1550 Agile - 32 <8.0 direct Dual CDSR-407 6247 Direct C & Ku 950-1550 - 32 <8.0 direct NO 950-2150 Agile Frequency IF Input Symbol Model Stock Transponder Range BW Rate Inner Outer Name Number Selection (MHz) (MHz) (Msps) FEC FEC CDSR-6198 6198 Push Button 950-1450/Agile 32 18-22 Convolutional Reed Solomon Rate 3/4, 1/2 Coding 2/3, 5/6, 7/8 (204, 188) t=8 CDSR-6199 6199 Push Button 950-1450/Agile 24 18-22 Convolutional Reed Solomon Rate 3/4, 1/2 Coding 2/3, 5/6, 7/8 (204, 188) t=8 CDSR-6299 6299 Push Button 950-1450/Agile 24 18-22 Convolutional Reed Solomon Rate 3/4, 1/2 Coding 2/3, 5/6, 7/8 (204, 188) t=8 CDSR-6182 6182 Push Button 950-1450/Agile 24 18-22 Convolutional Reed Solomon Rate 3/4, 1/2 Coding 2/3, 5/6, 7/8 (204, 188) t=8 CDSR-6181 6181 Push Button 950-1450/Agile 24 18-22 Convolutional Reed Solomon Rate 3/4, 1/2 Coding 2/3, 5/6, 7/8 (204, 188) t=8 QUAD QPSK/QAM TRANSCODER Frequency IF Output Input Output Model Stock Transponder Range Bandwidth Bandwidth Level Level Name Number Selection (MHz) (MHz) (MHz) (dBm) (dBmV) QQQT 6189 Push Button 950-2150 30 6 -65 to -25 40 MODULATORS Broad Spurious Single/ Frequency Output Band Output Dual Std. Model Stock No. Range Level CNR Worst Case IF Stereo Name Number Type (a) Chans. (MHz) (dBmV) (dB) (dBc) Loops Capable AM-40-450A (b) 59407 Agile 1 50-450 +40 76 -60 Single EXT AM-40-550A (b) 59408 Agile 1 50-550 +40 76 -60 Single EXT AM-60-450A (b) 59413 Agile 1 50-450 +60 76 -60 Single EXT AM-60-550A (b) 59414 Agile 1 50-550 +60 76 -60 Single EXT FAVM-860 5970 Agile 1 470-860 +45 83 -60 Single EXT FA3M-50-550 5961 Agile 3 50-550 +52 78 -60 Single EXT MAVM-861 7992A Chan/Agile 1 50-860 +42/60 95/110 -60 Single EXT MAVM-863-1 7993A Chan/Agile 1 50-860 +42/60 95/110 -60 Single EXT MAVM-863-3 7999A Chan/Agile 3 50-860 +42/60 95/110 -60 Single EXT CAMS-60 5895 Chan/Agile 1 50-860 +60 110 -60 Single INT CAMD-60 7895 Chan/Agile 1 50-860 +60 110 -60 Dual INT MICM-45 7797 Chan 1 50-750 +45 95 -60 NO EXT BAVM-z 5991 Chan 1 54-216 +55 110 -55 NO EXT 216-300 HAVM-1H (CATV) 5988H Consumer Agile 1 300-550 +30 - -50 NO OPT(C) HAVM-2H (CATV) 5989H Consumer Agile 2 300-550 +30 - -50 NO OPT(C) HAVM-1U (CATV) 5988U Consumer Agile 1 550-800 +30 - -50 NO OPT(C) HAVM-2U (CATV) 5989U Consumer Agile 2 550-800 +30 - -50 NO OPT((C) HAVM-1H (UHF) 5988H Consumer Agile 1 470-550 +30 - -50 NO OPT(C) HAVM-2H (UHF) 5989H Consumer Agile 2 470-550 +30 - -50 NO OPT((C) HAVM-1U (UHF) 5988U Consumer Agile 1 470-806 +30 - -50 NO OPT((C) HAVM-2U (UHF) 5989U Consumer Agile 2 470-806 +30 - -50 NO OPT((C)

Notes: (a) channelized agile products have an agile PLL section and a channelized output filter module (b) with automatic filter switching (c) can be interfaced with Blonder Tongue’s stereo encoders: SE-1, SE-2, SE-3, SE-4 1 Headend Product Overview Charts

9 BROADCAST FREQUENCY LOCKED MODULATOR Output Spurious Model Stock Type (a) Frequency Frequency Outputs External Name Number Input Output Range (MHz) (dBc) IF Input BFLM 5898-xx Locked On Channel 54-216 (VHF) 47.75 Stereo -60 YES PROCESSORS Input Output Output Broadband Spurious Model Stock Type (a) Frequency Frequency Level CNR Outputs External Name Number Input Output (MHz) (MHz) (dBmV) (dB) (dBc) IF Input AP-40-450A (b) 59808 Agile Agile 50-806 50-450 +40 76 -60 OPT AP-40-550A (b) 59809 Agile Agile 50-806 50-550 +40 76 -60 OPT AP-60-450A (b) 59813 Agile Agile 50-806 50-450 +60 76 -60 OPT AP-60-550A (b) 59814 Agile Agile 50-806 50-550 +60 76 -60 OPT SAIP-40-860 5886A Agile Chan/Agile 50-806 50-860 +42 110 -60 OPT SAIP-60-860 5876A Agile Chan/Agile 50-806 50-860 +60 110 -60 OPT CAP-40-860 5893A Chan Chan/Agile 7-806 50-860 +42 110 -60 YES CAP-60-860 5894A Chan Chan/Agile 7-806 50-860 +60 110 -60 YES STEREO ENCODERS Model Stock Frequency Name Number Response (dB) Audio Input Separation (dB) Output SE 1 5866 1.5 250 mVRMS 20 Video (50 Hz to 10kHz) for 55 kHz dev (50 Hz to 10kHz) 0.7 Vp-p min SE 2 5867 “ “ “ “ SE 3 5868 “ “ “ “ SE 4 5869 “ “ “ “ SG-2000 8183 ±1.2 (e) APL: 0 (±10 dB) dBm Baseband (f) PPL (referenced to APL): +10 dB >26 (e) 5 Vp-p DEMODULATORS Frequency Noise Audio Video Audio Model Stock Range Figure Distortion Output Output MPX Name Number Type (MHz) (dB) (THD %) (V p-p) (mV RMS) Output AD-1 5915/5925 Agile 7-806 8-11 0.6 1.0 500 YES MIDM-806 7740 Agile 50-806 8-11 - 1.0 1000 NO MIDM-750 5881 Agile 50-750 8-11 - 1.0 1000 NO ZDM-806 5880 Agile 50-806 8-11 - 1.0 1000 NO ZDM-750 5882 Agile 50-750 8-11 - 1.0 1000 NO COMBINERS Frequency Number Insertion Output Level Model Stock Range of Loss Gain Recomm. Isolation Test Name No. (MHz) Inputs (dB) (dB) (dBmV) (dB) Port OC-8d (Passive) 5957 5-1000 8 11/14(a) - - 32/32 YES OC-12d (Passive) 5953 5-1000 12 18/22(a) - - 38/38 YES OC-12f (Passive) 5955 50-450 12 22 - - 35/NA YES OC-16 (Passive) 5950 50-1000 16 24/26(a) - - 35/32 YES OCA-8b (Active) 5956 50-450 8 - 8 to 22 +56(b) - YES OCA-12 (Active) 5954 50-450 12 - 2 to 16 +54(c) - YES ZHC-12 (Passive) 5959 50-450 12 16 - - 40 YES ZHCA-16 (Active) 5958 50-450 16 - 6 to 15 +48(d) 40 YES ZHCA-16C (Active) 7757 50-750 16 - -6 to +3 +48-(d) 40 YES

Notes: (a) 40-450 MHz/450-1000 MHz (b) 8 adj. channels, XMOD = -57 (c) 12 adj. channels, XMOD = -57 (d) 16 adj. channels, XMOD = -57 (e) 20 Hz to 14 kHz (f) high impedance load, ±50 kHz aural carrier deviation (source impedance 75Ω) Headend Product Overview Charts 1

STRIP AMPLIFIERS 10 Frequency Noise Figure Recomm. AGC Range Operational Model Stock Range VHF, CATV, UHF Input Level VHF, CATV, UHF Output Level Name Number Channels (MHz) (dB) (dBmV) (dB) (dBmV) MCA-b 4454 VHF, FM, CATV 54-276 7.0 15 40 66 MCA-Ub 4709 UHF 470-806 7.5 15 30 66 MSCA 4453 VHF, FM 54-216 7.0 15 30 60 ZSCA 4451 VHF 54-216 6.0 15 30 60 CHANNEL ELIMINATION FILTERS Insertion Loss Frequency 2-6 2-6 A-I, J A-I, J K-W, AA-BB K-W, AA-BB Channel Model Stock Range 50-312 MHz 312-750 50-312 312-750 50-312 312-750 Suppression Name Number (MHz) (dB) (dB) (dB) (dB) (dB) (dB) (dB) CEF-750 4446 54-312 Ch. Elim. 2.1 3.1 1.9 2.5 1.6 2.1 50 50-750 Passband CHANNEL CONVERTERS Frequency Range Input Signal Level Model Stock Input Output Min. Recomm. Gain Name Number (MHz) (MHz) (dBmV) (dBmV) (dB) MCX-V 1448 5-300 5-300 -3.5 +10 to +15 13 MCX-V/U 1459 50-300 470-806 -4.5 +10 to +15 16 MCX-Ub 1449 470-860 50-300 -4.5 +10 to +15 14 MUC-3 1468 470-806 50-216 -1.0 +10 to +15 6.5 MCX-Uz 1479 470-806 50-216 -4.0 +10 to +15 20 BANDPASS FILTERS Frequency Insertion Loss Model Stock Range 2-6 FM 11-22 14-22 7-13 14-69 Name Number Channels (MHz) (dB) (dB) (dB) (dB) (dB) (dB) BPF-a 4414 VHF, FM 54-216 3.5 3.0 - 8.0 8.0 - BPF-d 4417 VHF, FM 54-300 2.5 4.0 4.0 - 8.0 - BPF-u 4805 UHF 470-806 - - - - - 1.8 MXF 3437 VHF, FM 54-108 & 174-216 0.6 1.1 - - 1.1 - MXF-B 3438 VHF, FM 54-108 & 174-216 0.9 1.5 - - 1.4 - BPF-z 4419 VHF 54-88 & 120-216 3.5 - - 5.0 7.0 - 1 Headend Product Overview Charts

11 TUNABLE NOTCH TRAPS Frequency Range Insertion Loss (Max) Outside Notch Notch Depth Model Stock Trap Tuning Bandpass 54-108 108-174 174-216 470-890 Max Name Number (MHz) (MHz) (dB) (dB) (dB) (dB) (dB) MWT-2b 4505 54-108 54-216 1.0 1.0 1.0 NA 60 MWT-3b 4529 174-216 54-216 1.0 1.0 1.0 NA 60 MWT-4 4898 108-174 54-300 1.0 1.0 1.0 NA 60 MWT-U 4614 470-890 54-890 1.5 1.5 1.5 0.5 60 RACKS Model Stock Name Number System Series Description RAX-7024 3979 70” Rack Professional Open Frame Construction Which Accepts Optional Side Panels RAX-7724 3977 77” Rack Professional Open Frame Construction Which Accepts Optional Side Panels

RMX-6199-xx 397x 61” Rack Professional Louvered Rear Doors, Opt. Locking Handle/Keys for Rear Door, 2 Depths RMX-7019-xx 397x 70” Rack Professional Louvered Rear Doors, Opt. Locking Handle/Keys for Rear Door, 2 Depths RMX-7719-xx 397x 77” Rack Professional Louvered Rear Doors, Opt. Locking Handle/Keys for Rear Door, 2 Depths

FDX-6199-xx 398x 61” Rack Professional Louvered Rear Doors, Optional Locking Handle/Keys for Rear Door, Front Door w/Locking Keys, Choice of 2 Depths FDX-7019-xx 398x 70” Rack Professional Louvered Rear Doors, Optional Locking Handle/Keys for Rear Door, Front Door w/Locking Keys, Choice of 2 Depths FDX-7719-xx 398x 77” Rack Professional Louvered Rear Doors, Optional Locking Handle/Keys for Rear Door, Front Door w/Locking Keys, Choice of 2 Depths

SWC-1528 3695 Wall Cabinet Professional 3 Removable Sections, Front Door Cylinder Lock, Easy Assembly

IRH-1924B-F 3690 Wall Cabinet Economy Designed for Wall Mounting, 3 Components Available

RR -2164 3961 Relay Rack Economy 8” Side Rails, shipped completely disassembled RR-2173 3962 Relay Rack Economy 8” Side Rails, shipped completely disassembled RR-2189 3963 Relay Rack Economy 8” Side Rails, shipped completely disassembled RR-6119 3960 Relay Rack Economy 3” Side Rails, shipped completely disassembled RR-7019 3970 Relay Rack Economy 3” Side Rails, shipped completely disassembled BFP-19-1B 3989 Panels Economy 1.75” Blank black anodized panel to finish the professional look of a headend BFP-19-2B 3990 Panels Economy 3.5” Blank black anodized panel to finish the professional look of a headend BFP-19-3B 3991 Panels Economy 5.25” Blank black anodized panel to finish the professional look of a headend BFP-19-1BV 3988 Panels Economy 1.75” Vented blank black anodized panel to finish the professional look of a headend BH-1 3507 Housing Economy Indoor, Allows both Horizontal & Vertical Mounting SPECIAL PRODUCTS Model Name Description IFDM IF Demodulato/Modulator AM/AP/AD-1 WITH OPTION 20 Surveillance Systems and CCTV Products CAM-60-OPT 05 Channelized Agile Modulator VACD-12 AND AB-800 Video All-Call System OPTION 14 - On Channelock 1 ON CHANNELOCK solves one of the commonly encountered problems of using an Agile Processor in the On Channel Mode. (e.g. channel 9 12 VHF input, channel 9 VHF output). The problem being addressed manifests itself as picture “flutter,” simi- lar to the effects of signals reflected from aircraft (although it is caused by a different phenomenon). The flutter most often occurs when the input signal is from an off air antenna or antenna/preamplifier combina- tion. Option 14 is intended to be invoked only when the input is a broadcast channel 2 - 13 broadcast and the output channel is exactly the same as the input. Do not invoke Option 14 for conversions. Option 14 is invoked by Switch SW2, POSITION 9. Switch SW2, POSITION 9 is found in the bank of front panel accessible output channel selector switches. Place Switch SW2, POSITION 9 down to invoke Option 14, up to disable Option 14. As a reminder, turn “offset adjust” potentiometer fully clockwise when using this processor in the “On Channel” mode regardless of whether the processor has Option 14 or not. When setting up a processor for “On Channel” operation be certain that the switches for the output selector are as required for “On Channel” operation. Use the following procedure for best results when in the “On Channel” mode and when using Option 14. 1 OPTION 14 - On Channelock (continued...) 1. Switch SW-2, 13 (which is the 10 position switch in the output channel selector window) POSITION 6 and 7 are down, POSITION 8 is up. (Black bar indicates switch position) 2. Front Panel Offset Adjust Control fully clockwise. 3. Switch SW-2, POSITION 9 is down to invoke Option 14 On. Move to the up position for Option 14 Off.

OUTPUT OFFSET OUTPUT CHANNEL SELECTOR OUTPUT CHANNEL ADJ. SW1 SW2 LEVEL 1169108 POWER AP SERIES Channel Data From Chart AGILE PROCESSOR PROCESSOR with “ON CHANNELOCK” Option 14 SW2 Setting 6-9 for ON CHANNELOCK, Option 14 Invoked

www.blondertongue.com OPTION 14 1 Output Channel Switch SW2, Positions 6- 9 14 (A) Processor WITHOUT “ON CHANNELOCK” Option 14 (1) ON CHANNEL MODE Output Frequency Exactly Same as Input Frequency: Front Panel Offset Adjusted Fully CH SW1 SW2 Clockwise & 1 8 1 6910 Set Switches as Shown:

Channel Data From Chart (2) OFF CHANNEL MODE Output Channel Different from Input Channel: Set Switches as Follows & Adjust Front Panel CH SW1 SW2 Offset Adjust 1 8 1 6910 for Precise Frequency.

Channel Data From Chart (B) Processor WITH “ON CHANNELOCK” Option 14 (1) ON CHANNEL MODE FOR CHANNELS 2 - 13 ONLY Front Panel CH SW1 SW2 Offset Adjusted 1 8 1 6910 Fully Clockwise and Set Switches as Shown: Channel Data From Chart For OTHER ON CHANNEL operation, follow ON CHANNEL Mode procedures (1) of (A) above.

(2) OFF CHANNEL MODE: Follow OFF CHANNEL Mode Procedures in (2) of (A), Above. 1 OPTION 4- Sub Band Output for AM

15 Option 4 extends the output frequency range of an AM60 modulator to include sub-band channels T7 through T13 . This permits the unit to be used for sub-band via the return path in a two way system or as a LAN modulator. All external controls and connectors remain the same as a standard model. Video and Audio specifications for channels T7 through T13 also conform to standard modulator performance. RF specifications remain the same except for the following:

SPECIFICATIONS (Typical) RF Output Frequency Range: All Channels 7.00-445.25 MHz Spurious Output T7 - T12: -62 dBc All Other Channels: -58 dBc In-Channel Carrier-To-Noise Ratio: 66 dB in 4.0 MHz bandwidth Broadband Noise: -75 dBc in 4.0 MHz bandwidth

AM OPTION 4 SUB-BAND SWITCH SETTINGS(BLACK BAR INDICATES SWITCH POSITION) SWITCH 1SWITCH 2 SWITCH 3 CH Pix/MHz L.O. 12341234567812345678910 T-7 7. 0 620 T-8 13.0 626 T-9 19.0 632 T-10 25.0 638 T-11 31.0 644 T-12 37.0 650 T-13 43.0 656 OPTION 4- Sub Band Output for AP 1

Option 4 extends the output frequency range of an AP60 processor to 16 include sub-band channels T7 through T13 . This permits the unit to be used for sub-band via the return path in a two way system or as a LAN processor. All external controls and connectors remain the same as a standard model. Video and Audio specifications for channels T7 through T13 also conform to standard processor performance. RF specifications remain the same except for the following:

SPECIFICATIONS (Typical) RF Output Frequency Range: All Channels 7.00-445.25 MHz Spurious Output T7 - T12: -62 dBc All Other Channels: -58 dBc In-Channel Carrier-To-Noise Ratio: 66 dB in 4.0 MHz bandwidth Broadband Noise: -75 dBc in 4.0 MHz bandwidth

AP OPTION 4 SUB-BAND SWITCH SETTINGS(BLACK BAR INDICATES SWITCH POSITION) SWITCH 1 SWITCH 2 CH Pix/MHz L.O. 1234567812345678910 T-7 7. 0 620 T-8 13.0 626 T-9 19.0 632 T-10 25.0 638 T-11 31.0 644 T-12 37.0 650 T-13 43.0 656 1 AM Switch Settings, Standard/IRC (Black Bar Indicates Switch Position) 17 SWITCH 2 SWITCH 1 SWITCH 3 12341234567812345678910 L.O. 674 770 776 740 746 782 812 818 752 764 788 794 704 710 716 722 728 758 734 800 692 806 668 680 686 690 696 698 PIX OFFSET 127.2625 121.2625 133.2625 115.2750 109.2750 PIX 97.25 77.25 67.25 79.25 73.25 91.25 55.25 61.25 83.25 85.25 187.25 127.25 157.25 175.25 181.25 103.25 115.25 121.25 133.25 145.25 151.25 163.25 193.25 205.25 109.25 139.25 169.25 199.25 NOMINAL 2 3 4 1 5 5 6 6 7 8 9 97 95 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 10 11 12 96 98 99 CH EIA I F 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 C E A B D H G 10 11 12 CH A-8 A-5 A-4 A-3 A-2 A-1 IRC5 IRC6 AM Switch Settings, Standard/IRC 1 (Black Bar Indicates Switch Position) 18 SWITCH 2 SWITCH 3 SWITCH 1 12341234567812345678910 974 L.O. 878 872 914 920 926 932 824 938 950 956 962 830 836 842 854 902 944 968 980 986 848 860 866 884 890 896 908 PIX OFFSET 247.2625 277.2625 307.2625 337.2625 367.2625 373.2625 271.2625 229.2625 235.2625 241.2625 253.2625 265.2625 283.2625 295.2625 313.2625 319.2625 325.2625 355.2625 331.2750 259.2625 289.2625 301.2625 343.2625 361.2625 349.2625 PIX 247.25 277.25 307.25 337.25 217.25 367.25 373.25 271.25 211.25 223.25 229.25 235.25 241.25 253.25 265.25 283.25 295.25 313.25 319.25 325.25 331.25 355.25 259.25 289.25 301.25 343.25 361.25 349.25 NOMINAL 47 37 13 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 31 32 33 35 41 42 43 45 30 34 36 38 39 40 44 46 48 49 CH EIA J L T V P S R II K U N O Q JJ M W LL FF 13 CC EE AA CH KK BB DD HH GG MM 1 AM Switch Settings, Standard/IRC (Black Bar Indicates Switch Position) 19 SWITCH 2 SWITCH 3 SWITCH 1 12341234567812345678910 L.O. 992 998 1070 1076 1100 1112 1118 1124 1052 1010 1016 1022 1028 1142 1106 1130 1136 1082 1058 1004 1034 1148 1154 1160 1088 1094 1064 1040 1046 PIX OFFSET 397.2625 379.2625 391.2625 385.2625 PIX 397.25 517.25 427.25 457.25 487.25 379.25 475.25 511.25 523.25 529.25 535.25 415.25 421.25 433.25 451.25 391.25 481.25 463.25 493.25 505.25 541.25 385.25 403.25 439.25 445.25 469.25 499.25 409.25 NOMINAL 74 70 76 71 72 73 75 77 51 52 53 55 57 61 62 63 65 67 50 54 56 58 59 60 64 66 68 69 CH EIA III TT JJJ VV ZZ PP SS YY CH RR XX UU NN OO QQ LLL WW FFF CCC EEE PPP 78 547.25 AAA KKK BBB DDD HHH NNN GGG OOO MMM AM Switch Settings, HRC 1 (Black Bar Indicates Switch Position) 20 SWITCH 2 SWITCH 1 SWITCH 3 12341234567812345678910 L.O. 745 781 787 679 703 763 793 775 673 697 709 715 721 727 733 751 757 769 799 811 817 691 739 667 685 805 PIX OFFSET 120.0125 126.0125 132.0125 114.0250 108.0250 78 72 54 60 66 84 90 96 PIX 174 102 114 120 126 132 162 192 108 138 144 150 156 168 180 186 198 204 NOMINAL 2 3 4 1 5 6 7 8 9 97 95 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 10 11 12 96 98 99 CH EIA I F 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 C E A B D H G 13 13 210 823 10 11 12 CH A-8 A-5 A-4 A-3 A-2 A-1 1 AM Switch Settings, HRC (Black Bar Indicates Switch Position) 21 SWITCH 2 SWITCH 1 SWITCH 3 12341234567812345678910 979 L.O. 973 871 877 847 907 913 919 937 955 829 835 853 925 931 991 961 967 985 841 859 865 883 895 901 943 889 949 PIX OFFSET 378.0125 270.0125 276.0125 372.0125 228.0125 252.0125 282.0125 312.0125 318.0125 324.0125 234.0125 240.0125 246.0125 258.0125 264.0125 288.0125 294.0125 300.0125 336.0125 342.0125 354.0125 306.0125 330.0250 348.0125 360.0125 366.0125 PIX 270 276 372 216 222 228 252 282 312 318 324 234 240 246 258 264 288 294 300 330 336 342 354 306 348 360 366 NOMINAL 47 37 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 31 32 33 35 41 42 43 45 30 34 36 38 39 40 44 46 48 49 CH EIA J L T V P S R II K U N O Q JJ M W LL FF CC EE AA CH KK BB DD HH NN 50 378 GG MM AM Switch Settings, HRC 1 (Black Bar Indicates Switch Position) 22 SWITCH 2 SWITCH 3 SWITCH 1 12341234567812345678910 L.O. 997 1075 1147 1141 1153 1105 1111 1117 1123 1129 1135 1003 1015 1021 1027 1033 1051 1057 1081 1087 1159 1009 1039 1045 1063 1093 1069 1099 PIX OFFSET 390.0125 384.0125 396.0125 PIX 474 414 420 426 432 510 516 522 528 402 438 450 456 462 492 534 384 390 396 408 444 468 480 486 498 504 540 NOMINAL 74 70 76 71 72 73 75 77 51 52 53 55 57 61 62 63 65 67 54 56 58 59 60 64 66 68 69 CH EIA III TT JJJ VV ZZ PP SS YY CH RR XX UU OO QQ LLL WW FFF CCC PPP 78 546 EEE AAA KKK BBB DDD HHH NNN GGG OOO MMM 1 AP & AD-1* Switch Settings, Standard/IRC Input (Black Bar Indicates Switch Position) 23 SWITCH 1 SWITCH 2 CH EIA PIX L.O. CH 1234567812345678910 2 2 55.25 101 3 3 61.25 107 4 4 67.25 113 A-8 1 73.25 119 5 5 77.25 123 IRC5 IRC5 79.25 125 6 6 83.25 129 IRC6 IRC6 85.25 131 A-2 98 109.25 155 A-1 99 115.25 161 A 14 121.25 167 B 15 127.25 173 C 16 133.25 179 D 17 139.25 185 E 18 145.25 191 F 19 151.25 197 G 20 157.25 203 H 21 163.25 209 I 22 169.25 215 7 7 175.25 221 8 8 181.25 227 9 9 187.25 233 10 10 193.25 239 11 11 199.25 245 12 12 205.25 251 13 13 211.25 257 J 23 217.25 263 K 24 223.25 269 L 25 229.25 275 M 26 235.25 281 N 27 241.25 287 O 28 247.25 293 P 29 253.25 299 Q 30 259.25 305 R 31 265.25 311 S 32 271.25 317 T 33 277.25 323 U 34 283.25 329 *NOTE: On the AD-1, 9 and 10 on switch 2 are truncated. AP & AD-1* Switch Settings, Standard/IRC Input 1 (Black Bar Indicates Switch Position)

SWITCH 1 SWITCH 2 24 CH EIA PIX L.O. CH 1234567812345678910 V 35 289.25 335 W 36 295.25 341 AA 37 301.25 347 BB 38 307.25 353 CC 39 313.25 359 DD 40 319.25 365 EE 41 325.25 371 FF 42 331.25 377 GG 43 337.25 383 HH 44 343.25 389 II 45 349.25 395 JJ 46 355.25 401 KK 47 361.25 407 LL 48 367.25 413 MM 49 373.25 419 NN 50 379.25 425 OO 51 385.25 431 PP 52 391.25 437 QQ 53 397.25 443 RR 54 403.25 449 SS 55 409.25 455 TT 56 415.25 461 UU 57 421.25 467 VV 58 427.25 473 WW 59 433.25 479 XX 60 439.25 485 YY 61 445.25 491 ZZ 62 451.25 497 AAA 63 457.25 503 BBB 64 463.25 509 CCC 65 469.25 515 DDD 66 475.25 521 EEE 67 481.25 527 FFF 68 487.25 533 GGG 69 493.25 539 HHH 70 499.25 545 III 71 505.25 551 JJJ 72 511.25 557 KKK 73 517.25 563 *NOTE: On the AD-1, 9 and 10 on switch 2 are truncated. 1 AP & AD-1* Switch Settings, Standard/IRC Input (Black Bar Indicates Switch Position) 25 SWITCH 1 SWITCH 2 CH EIA PIX L.O. CH 1234567812345678910 LLL 74 523.25 569 MMM 75 529.25 575 NNN 76 535.25 581 OOO 77 541.25 587 PPP 78 547.25 593 QQQ 79 553.25 599 RRR 80 559.25 605 SSS 81 565.25 611 TTT 82 571.25 617 UUU 83 577.25 623 VVV 84 583.25 629 WWW 85 589.25 635 XXX 86 595.25 641 YYY 87 601.25 647 ZZZ 88 607.25 653 89 613.25 659 90 619.25 665 91 625.25 671 92 631.25 677 93 637.25 683 94 643.25 689 649.25 695 655.25 701 661.25 707 667.25 713 673.25 719 679.25 725 685.25 731 691.25 737 697.25 743 703.25 749 709.25 755 715.25 761 721.25 767 727.25 773 733.25 779 739.25 785 745.25 791 751.25 797 *NOTE: On the AD-1, 9 and 10 on switch 2 are truncated. AP & AD-1* Switch Settings, HRC Input 1 (Black Bar Indicates Switch Position) 26

SWITCH 1 SWITCH 2 CH EIA PIX L.O. CH 1234567812345678910 2 2 54 99.75 3 3 60 105.75 4 4 66 111.75 A-8 1 72 117.75 5 5 78 123.75 6 6 84 129.75 A-2 98 108 153.75 A-1 99 114 159.75 A 14 120 165.75 B 15 126 171.75 C 16 132 177.75 D 17 138 183.75 E 18 144 189.75 F 19 150 195.75 G 20 156 201.75 H 21 162 207.75 I 22 168 213.75 7 7 174 219.75 8 8 180 225.75 9 9 186 231.75 10 10 192 237.75 11 11 198 243.75 12 12 204 249.75 13 13 210 255.75 J 23 216 261.75 K 24 222 267.75 L 25 228 273.75 M 26 234 279.75 N 27 240 285.75 O 28 246 291.75 P 29 252 297.75 Q 30 258 303.75 R 31 264 309.75 S 32 270 315.75 T 33 276 321.75 U 34 282 327.75 V35288 333.75 *NOTE: On the AD-1, 9 and 10 on switch 2 are truncated. 1 AP & AD-1* Switch Settings, HRC Input (Black Bar Indicates Switch Position) 27 SWITCH 1 SWITCH 2 CH EIA PIX L.O. CH 1234567812345678910 W 36 294 339.75 AA 37 300 345.75 BB 38 306 351.75 CC 39 312 357.75 DD 40 318 363.75 EE 41 324 369.75 FF 42 330 375.75 GG 43 336 381.75 HH 44 342 387.75 II 45 348 393.75 JJ 46 354 399.75 KK 47 360 405.75 LL 48 366 411.75 MM 49 372 417.75 NN 50 378 423.75 OO 51 384 429.75 PP 52 390 435.75 QQ 53 396 441.75 RR 54 402 447.75 SS 55 408 453.75 TT 56 414 459.75 UU 57 420 465.75 VV 58 426 471.75 WW 59 432 477.75 XX 60 438 483.75 YY 61 444 489.75 ZZ 62 450 495.75 AAA 63 456 501.75 BBB 64 462 507.75 CCC 65 468 513.75 DDD 66 474 519.75 EEE 67 480 525.75 FFF 68 486 531.75 GGG 69 492 537.75 HHH 70 498 543.75 III 71 504 549.75 JJJ 72 510 555.75 KKK 73 516 561.75 *NOTE: On the AD-1, 9 and 10 on switch 2 are truncated. AP & AD-1* Switch Settings, HRC Input 1 (Black Bar Indicates Switch Position) SWITCH 1 SWITCH 2 28 CH EIA PIX L.O. CH 1234567812345678910 LLL 74 522 567.75 MMM 75 528 573.75 NNN 76 534 579.75 OOO 77 540 585.75 PPP 78 546 591.75 QQQ 79 552 597.75 RRR 80 558 603.75 SSS 81 564 609.75 TTT 82 570 615.75 UUU 83 576 621.75 VVV 84 582 627.75 WWW 85 588 633.75 XXX 86 594 639.75 YYY 87 600 645.75 ZZZ 88 606 651.75 89 612 657.75 90 618 663.75 91 624 669.75 92 630 675.75 93 636 681.75 94 642 687.75 648 693.75 654 699.75 660 705.75 666 711.75 672 717.75 678 723.75 684 729.75 690 735.75 696 741.75 702 747.75 708 753.75 714 759.75 720 765.75 726 771.75 732 777.75 738 783.75 744 789.75 750 795.75 *NOTE: On the AD-1, 9 and 10 on switch 2 are truncated. AP Switch Settings, Standard/IRC Output 1 (Black Bar Indicates Switch Position)

SWITCH 2 SWITCH 3 CH EIA NOMINAL OFFSET L.O. 29 CH PIX PIX 1234567812345678910 2 2 55.25 668 XXXX 3 3 61.25 674 XXXX 4 4 67.25 680 XXXX A-8 1 73.25 686 XXXX 5 5 77.25 690 XXXX IRC5 5 79.25 692 XXXX 6 6 83.25 696 XXXX IRC6 6 85.25 698 XXXX A-5 95 91.25 704 XXXX A-4 96 97.25 710 XXXX A-3 97 103.25 716 XXXX A-2 98 109.25 109.2750 722 XXXX A-1 99 115.25 115.2750 728 XXXX A 14 121.25 121.2625 734 XXXX B 15 127.25 127.2625 740 XXXX C 16 133.25 133.2625 746 XXXX D 17 139.25 752 XXXX E 18 145.25 758 XXXX F 19 151.25 764 XXXX G 20 157.25 770 XXXX H 21 163.25 776 XXXX I 22 169.25 782 XXXX 7 7 175.25 788 XXXX 8 8 181.25 794 XXXX 9 9 187.25 800 XXXX 10 10 193.25 806 XXXX 11 11 199.25 812 XXXX 12 12 205.25 818 XXXX 13 13 211.25 824 XXXX J 23 217.25 830 XXXX K 24 223.25 836 XXXX L 25 229.25 229.2625 842 XXXX M 26 235.25 235.2625 848 XXXX N 27 241.25 241.2625 854 XXXX O 28 247.25 247.2625 860 XXXX P 29 253.25 253.2625 866 XXXX Q 30 259.25 259.2625 872 XXXX R 31 265.25 265.2625 878 XXXX S 32 271.25 271.2625 884 XXXX T 33 277.25 277.2625 890 XXXX U 34 283.25 283.2625 896 XXXX V 35 289.25 289.2625 902 XXXX W 36 295.25 295.2625 908 XXXX XXXX = For Off-Channel (Input Channels differ from Output Channels) Operation For On-Channel (Input Channels Same as Output Channels) Operation, Option 14 not in use For On-Channel Operation, with Option 14 in use(Ch. 2- 13 only) NOTE: For On-Channel Operation, turn OFFSET ADJ fully clockwise AP Switch Settings, Standard/IRC Output (Black Bar Indicates Switch Position) 1

SWITCH 2 SWITCH 3 CH EIA NOMINAL OFFSET L.O. CH PIX PIX 1234567812345678910 30 AA 37 301.25 301.2625 914 XXXX BB 38 307.25 307.2625 920 XXXX CC 39 313.25 313.2625 926 XXXX DD 40 319.25 319.2625 932 XXXX EE 41 325.25 325.2625 938 XXXX FF 42 331.25 331.2750 944 XXXX GG 43 337.25 337.2625 950 XXXX HH 44 343.25 343.2625 956 XXXX II 45 349.25 349.2625 962 XXXX JJ 46 355.25 355.2625 968 XXXX KK 47 361.25 361.2625 974 XXXX LL 48 367.25 367.2625 980 XXXX MM 49 373.25 373.2625 986 XXXX NN 50 379.25 379.2625 992 XXXX OO 51 385.25 385.2625 998 XXXX PP 52 391.25 391.2625 1004 XXXX QQ 53 397.25 397.2625 1010 XXXX RR 54 403.25 1016 XXXX SS 55 409.25 1022 XXXX TT 56 415.25 1028 XXXX UU 57 421.25 1034 XXXX VV 58 427.25 1040 XXXX WW 59 433.25 1046 XXXX XX 60 439.25 1052 XXXX YY 61 445.25 1058 XXXX ZZ 62 451.25 1064 XXXX AAA 63 457.25 1070 XXXX BBB 64 463.25 1076 XXXX CCC 65 469.25 1082 XXXX DDD 66 475.25 1088 XXXX EEE 67 481.25 1094 XXXX FFF 68 487.25 1100 XXXX GGG 69 493.25 1106 XXXX HHH 70 499.25 1112 XXXX III 71 505.25 1118 XXXX JJJ 72 511.25 1124 XXXX KKK 73 517.25 1130 XXXX LLL 74 523.25 1136 XXXX MMM 75 529.25 1142 XXXX NNN 76 535.25 1148 XXXX OOO 77 541.25 1154 XXXX PPP 78 547.25 1160 XXXX XXXX = For Off-Channel(Input Channels differ from Output Channels) Operation For On-Channel(Input Channels Same as Output Channels) Operation, Option 14 not in use For On-Channel Operation, with Option 14 in use(Ch. 2- 13 only) NOTE: For On-Channel Operation, turn OFFSET ADJ fully clockwise 1 AP Switch Settings, HRC Output (Black Bar Indicates Switch Position)

31 SWITCH 1 SWITCH 2 CH EIA NOMINAL OFFSET L.O. CH PIX PIX 1234567812345678910 2 2 54 667 XXXX 3 3 60 673 XXXX 4 4 66 679 XXXX A-8 1 72 685 XXXX 5 5 78 691 XXXX 6 6 84 697 XXXX A-5 95 90 703 XXXX A-4 96 96 709 XXXX A-3 97 102 715 XXXX A-2 98 108 108.0250 721 XXXX A-1 99 114 114.0250 727 XXXX A 14 120 120.0125 733 XXXX B 15 126 126.0125 739 XXXX C 16 132 132.0125 745 XXXX D 17 138 751 XXXX E 18 144 757 XXXX F 19 150 763 XXXX G 20 156 769 XXXX H 21 162 775 XXXX I 22 168 781 XXXX 7 7 174 787 XXXX 8 8 180 793 XXXX 9 9 186 799 XXXX 10 10 192 805 XXXX 11 11 198 811 XXXX 12 12 204 817 XXXX 13 13 210 823 XXXX J 23 216 829 XXXX K 24 222 835 XXXX L 25 228 228.0125 841 XXXX M 26 234 234.0125 847 XXXX N 27 240 240.0125 853 XXXX O 28 246 246.0125 859 XXXX P 29 252 252.0125 865 XXXX Q 30 258 258.0125 871 XXXX R 31 264 264.0125 877 XXXX S 32 270 270.0125 883 XXXX T 33 276 276.0125 889 XXXX U 34 282 282.0125 895 XXXX V 35 288 288.0125 901 XXXX W 36 294 294.0125 907 XXXX XXXX = For Off-Channel(Input Channels differ from Output Channels) Operation For On-Channel(Input Channels Same as Output Channels) Operation, Option 14 not in use NOTE: For On-Channel Operation, turn OFFSET ADJ fully clockwise AP Switch Settings, HRC Output 1 (Black Bar Indicates Switch Position) 32 SWITCH 1 SWITCH 2 CH EIA NOMINAL OFFSET L.O. CH PIX PIX 1234567812345678910 AA 37 300 300.0125 913 XXXX BB 38 306 306.0125 919 XXXX CC 39 312 312.0125 925 XXXX DD 40 318 318.0125 931 XXXX EE 41 324 324.0125 937 XXXX FF 42 330 330.0250 943 XXXX GG 43 336 336.0125 949 XXXX HH 44 342 342.0125 955 XXXX II 45 348 348.0125 961 XXXX JJ 46 354 354.0125 967 XXXX KK 47 360 360.0125 973 XXXX LL 48 366 366.0125 979 XXXX MM 49 372 372.0125 985 XXXX NN 50 378 378.0125 991 XXXX OO 51 384 384.0125 997 XXXX PP 52 390 390.0125 1003 XXXX QQ 53 396 396.0125 1009 XXXX RR 54 402 1015 XXXX SS 55 408 1021 XXXX TT 56 414 1027 XXXX UU 57 420 1033 XXXX VV 58 426 1039 XXXX WW 59 432 1045 XXXX XX 60 438 1051 XXXX YY 61 444 1057 XXXX ZZ 62 450 1063 XXXX AAA 63 456 1069 XXXX BBB 64 462 1075 XXXX CCC 65 468 1081 XXXX DDD 66 474 1087 XXXX EEE 67 480 1093 XXXX FFF 68 486 1099 XXXX GGG 69 492 1105 XXXX HHH 70 498 1111 XXXX III 71 504 1117 XXXX JJJ 72 510 1123 XXXX KKK 73 516 1129 XXXX LLL 74 522 1135 XXXX MMM 75 528 1141 XXXX NNN 76 534 1147 XXXX OOO 77 540 1153 XXXX PPP 78 546 1159 XXXX XXXX = For Off-Channel(Input Channels differ from Output Channels) Operation For On-Channel(Input Channels Same as Output Channels) Operation, Option 14 not in use NOTE: For On-Channel Operation, turn OFFSET ADJ fully clockwise 1 AP & AD-1* Switch Settings, UHF Input (Black Bar Indicates Switch Position)

33 SWITCH 1 SWITCH 2 CH PIX L.O. 1234567812345678910 14 471.25 517 15 477.25 523 16 483.25 529 17 489.25 535 18 495.25 541 19 501.25 547 20 507.25 553 21 513.25 559 22 519.25 565 23 525.25 571 24 531.25 577 25 537.25 583 26 543.25 589 27 549.25 595 28 555.25 601 29 561.25 607 30 567.25 613 31 573.25 619 32 579.25 625 33 585.25 631 34 591.25 637 35 597.25 643 36 603.25 649 37 609.25 655 38 615.25 661 39 621.25 667 40 627.25 673 41 633.25 679 42 639.25 685 43 645.25 691 44 651.25 697 45 657.25 703 46 663.25 709 47 669.25 715 48 675.25 721 49 681.25 727 50 687.25 733 *NOTE: On the AD-1, 9 and 10 on switch 2 are truncated. AP & AD-1* Switch Settings, UHF Input 1 (Black Bar Indicates Switch Position)

SWITCH 1 SWITCH 2 34 CH PIX L.O. 1234567812345678910 51 693.25 739 52 699.25 745 53 705.25 751 54 711.25 757 55 717.25 763 56 723.25 769 57 729.25 775 58 735.25 781 59 741.25 787 60 747.25 793 61 753.25 799 62 759.25 805 63 765.25 811 64 771.25 817 65 777.25 823 66 783.25 829 67 789.25 835 68 795.25 841 69 801.25 847 *NOTE: On the AD-1, 9 and 10 on switch 2 are truncated. 1 AP Output Channel Switch Settings, UHF Broadcast (Black Bar Indicates Switch Position)

35 SWITCH 1 SWITCH 2 CH PIX L.O. 1234567812345678910 14 471.25 1084 XXXX 15 477.25 1090 XXXX 16 483.25 1096 XXXX 17 489.25 1102 XXXX 18 495.25 1108 XXXX 19 501.25 1114 XXXX 20 507.25 1120 XXXX 21 513.25 1126 XXXX 22 519.25 1132 XXXX 23 525.25 1138 XXXX 24 531.25 1144 XXXX 25 537.25 1150 XXXX 26 543.25 1156 XXXX 27 549.25 1162 XXXX XXXX = For Off-Channel(Input Channels differ from Out put Channels) Operation For On-Channel(Input Channels Same as Out put Channels) Operation, Option 14 not in use NOTE: For On-Channel Operation, turn OFFSET ADJ fully clockwise 18 GHz Express Microwave Products 1 SYSTEM COMPONENTS 36 • Transmitters • Antennas - Standard & High Performance 25 mW 2 Foot 750 mW 4 Foot • Power Amplifiers 6 Foot 500 mW 8 Foot 1.0 W • Accessories 3.0 W - Elliptical Waveguide & Connectors 5.0 W - Power Supplies 10.0 W - Power Inserters • Repeaters - - Magic Tees AGC Models - Broadwall D/C’s 500 mW - Pressure Windows 3.0 W - Dehydrators • Receiver - MISS (Microwave Integrated Low Noise Splitter System) - Master Reference Oscillator SYSTEM FEATURES • 72 TV Channel Capability • GaAs FET Based, MMIC Technology • Modular Design Permits • Compact, Outdoor Future Expansion Aluminum Housing • Superior Frequency Stability • Pole or Tower Mounting • Exceptional Carrier-to-Noise • Uses Standard CATV Powering Performance

A specification summary is provided to aid in installing and setting up 18 GHz microwave equipment. For more detailed information, please contact Blonder Tongue’s full line catalog, the instruction manual(s) provided with the 18 GHz microwave system, or Blonder Tongue’s Sales and Marketing Departments. 1 18 GHz - TX18000 Series RF Input 37 Frequency: 54 to 492 MHz Level (nominal): +25 dBmV Impedance: 75 ohms Return Loss: 16 dB RF Output Frequency: 18.142 to 18.580 GHz Power Output: Refer to Power Chart for Typical Values Return Loss: 14 dB Flatness (with flat input): ± 1.0 dB C/N: Refer to Power Chart

Nominal Output Power Nominal Output Power for 70 dB C/CTB(*) for 70 dB C/CTB(*) Channel 7175L C/N Channel 7175W C/N Loading (dBm/ch) (dB) Loading (dBm/ch) (dB)

24 -25.2 63 24 -11.2 65.2 72 -30 58 72 -16.0 60.5

NOTES (*) values are for stated C/CTB performance - to calculate C/N and C/CTB for different output levels: 1) if output level is decreased by 1.0 dB then C/N will degrade by 1.0 dB and C/CTB will improve by 2.0 dB 2) if output level is increased by 1.0 dB then C/N will improve by 1.0 dB and C/CTB will degrade by 2.0 dB 18 GHz - PA18000 Series 1 RF Input Frequency: 18.142 to 18.580 GHz 38 Return Loss (minimum): 14 dB RF Output Frequency: 18.142 to 18.580 GHz Return Loss (minimum): 14 dB Power: Refer to Power Chart for Typical Performance Gain Standard Units PA18005 (0.5 Watt): 10 dB PA18010 (1.0 Watt): 14 dB PA18020 (3.0 Watt): 17 dB PA18050 (5.0 Watt): 21 dB

Nominal Output Power for 60 dB C/CTB(*) Channel 500 mW 1.0 W 3.0 W 5.0 W Loading (dBm/ch) (dBm/ch) (dBm/ch) (dBm/ch) 24 -7.8 -4.8 +1.2 +2.2 72 -12.6 -9.6 -3.6 -2.6

NOTES (*) values are for stated C/CTB performance - to calculate C/N and C/CTB for different output levels: 1) if output level is decreased by 1.0 dB then C/N will degrade by 1.0 dB and C/CTB will improve by 2.0 dB 2) if output level is increased by 1.0 dB then C/N will improve by 1.0 dB and C/CTB will degrade by 2.0 dB 1 18 GHz - RP18000 Series RF Input 39 Frequency: 18.142 to 18.580 GHz Return Loss (minimum): 14 dB RF Output Return Loss (minimum): 14 dB Flatness : ± 1.0 dB Power: Refer to Power Chart for Typical Values Gain (Typical) See Gain Chart C/N See C/N Chart

Nominal Output Power for 60 dB C/CTB Performance (*) Channel 500 mW 3.0 W Loading (dBm/ch) (dBm/ch)

24 -7.8 1.2 72 -12.6 -3.6

Gain and C/N for 72 Channels @ -47 dBm/Ch (*) Gain C/N (*) -3 dB into AGC (dB)

500 mW 27 58 3 W 36 58 18 GHz - RX18003 Series 1 RF Input Frequency: 18.142 to 18.580 GHz 40 Return Loss (minimum): 14 dB Input Level (nominal): -50 dBm/channel RF Output Level (nominal): +25 dBmV Frequency: 54 to 452 MHz Flatness (a): ± 0.75 dBmV Noise Figure (typical): 3.0 dB C/CTB (b): ≥ 72 dB (a) with flat input (b) 72 channels @ -50 dBm input level

RX18003 1 18 GHz Express - Product Selector Guide Antenna Channel Max. Max. 41 Product Output Size Loading Distance Distance Type Power (dia.-feet) (feet) (miles) TX 25 mW 2 72 369 TX 25 mW 2 20 1,320 TX 25 mW 8 72 5,280 TX 25 mW 8 20 20,064 TX 750 mW - H 2 72 0.30 TX 750 mW - H 2 20 0.65 TX 750 mW - H 8 72 4.70 TX 750 mW - H 8 20 9.50 TX and PA 500 mW 2 72 0.34 TX and PA 500 mW 2 20 0.83 TX and PA 500 mW 8 72 4.90 TX and PA 500 mW 8 20 12.00 TX and PA 1.0 W 2 72 0.48 TX and PA 1.0 W 2 20 1.10 TX and PA 1.0 W 8 72 7.00 TX and PA 1.0 W 8 20 15.00 TX and PA 3.0 W 2 72 0.95 TX and PA 3.0 W 2 20 2.30 TX and PA 3.0 W 8 72 14.00 TX and PA 3.0 W 8 20 33.00 TX and PA 5.0 W 2 72 1.02 TX and PA 5.0 W 2 20 2.46 TX and PA 5.0 W 8 72 14.80 TX and PA 5.0 W 8 20 35.70 Overall System Performance - For All Products Shown NOTE: 52.0 dB Carrier to Noise * 750 H TX used with 60 dB Composite Triple Beat PA's for calculations 18 GHz Express - Typical System Example Diagram 1

42 CATV System To Local To Distribution CATV System To Local To Distribution RX 18003

RX

18003

4 Miles 4 5W

8 Distant Receiver Site 8 MT MT RP18005A RP18020A RP18020A

TYPICAL SYSTEM 8 Repeater/Receiver Site TYPICAL SYSTEM TYPICAL ONE LINK

52.0 dB Carrier to Noise 5 Miles 60.0 dB Composite Triple Beat Triple 60.0 dB Composite Site 8 OVERALL SYSTEM PERFORMANCE: OVERALL Headend Transmitter Transmitter 72 Channel MT MT TX 5W 18001 Contact Blonder Tongue Tongue Contact Blonder For Your Custom Microwave Link! Your For Systems Engineering Department 1 18 GHz Express

43 Range of Acceptable PIN Designations The following is the specified range of acceptable voltages for the pin designations on the fifteen pin monitor jack. Pin B through Pin M tolerance is +/- 0.50Volts (see notes on page 1/40).

Monitor Unit Receiver Transmitter Power AmpRepeater Pin Parameter 7150W 7175W 7125W 7131W 7325W-A by 7175L 7132W 7135W 7332W-A Letter Internal A Temp.(1) 0.53 to 0.72 0.53 to 0.72 0.53 to 0.72 0.53 to 0.72 B Ground 0 0 0 0 Negative C Regulator -12 -12 -12 -12 VCXO Control D Voltage (2) 4 to 8 4 to 8 N/A N/A EAC(3) 12 to 16 12 to 16 9 to 14 12 to 16 Positive F Regulator 8 8 8 8 Positive G Regulator 15 15 8 8 H PLO Lock 5 5 N/A N/A J Ground 0 0 0 0 K Phase Voltage 3 to 11 3 to 11 N/A N/A Positive L Regulator(4) 24 N/A 5 to 8 N/A Microwave M AGC(5) * N/A N/A -2 to 8 N IF AGC(6) 5 to 6.5 N/A N/A N/A 18 GHz Express 1

Range of Acceptable PIN Designations 44 Notes (1) Pin A is 0.630 Volts at 25°C and Changes 0.002 Volts/°C. (2) Pin D does not pertain to a Transmitter in a Slave Configuration. (3) With 60 VAC +/- 5% at the Input to the Unit. (4) For both Receivers and the 5 Watt PA, 7135W, Only. (5) A Negative Voltage Indicates that the Unit is out of AGC Range. * For 7150W-A see Unit Data Sheet (6) See Unit Data Sheet for AGC Voltage at -50 dBm/Channel. There is a change of 0.1V/dB in the range of -45 to -55dBm/Channel.

L A K M B R N

J P C

H D

G E F

Pertains to BT Model numbers: 7175W, 7175L, 7125W, 7131W, 7132W, 7135W, 7325W-A, 7332W-A, 7150W. 1 Fiber Optic Product Overview Charts

45 TRAILBLAZER Transmitter Line: Broadband CATV Transmitter Stock Link Freq. Optical Fiber Operating Tx Physical Power Model Name Number Type Range Connector Type Wavelength Power Configur. Supply FIBT-S3A-886 7403-06 80 Chan. 40-860 MHz FC/APC SM 1310 nm 6 dBm Rack Mount Included FIBT-S3A-887 7403-07 80 Chan. 40-860 MHz FC/APC SM 1310 nm 7 dBm Rack Mount Included FIBT-S3A-888 7403-08 80 Chan. 40-860 MHz FC/APC SM 1310 nm 8 dBm Rack Mount Included FIBT-S3A-819 7404-09 110 Chan. 40-860 MHz FC/APC SM 1310 nm 9 dBm Rack Mount Included FIBT-S3A-810 7404-10 110 Chan. 40-860 MHz FC/APC SM 1310 nm 10 dBm Rack Mount Included FIBT-S3A-811 7404-11 110 Chan. 40-860 MHz FC/APC SM 1310 nm 11 dBm Rack Mount Included FIBT-S3A-812 7404-12 110 Chan. 40-860 MHz FC/APC SM 1310 nm 12 dBm Rack Mount Included TRAILBLAZER Receiver Line: Broadband CATV Receiver Stock Link Freq. No. of Optical Fiber Operating Test Hybrid Physical Power Model Name Number Type Range Outputs Connector Type Wavelength Port Tech. Configur. Supply FRRA-S4A-450-43 7411-44 62 40-450 MHz 1 "F" FC/APC SM 1310/1550 nm Yes Push- Rack Included Chan. Pull Mount FRRA-S4A-550-43 7411-54 78 40-550 MHz 1 "F" FC/APC SM 1310/1550 nm Yes Push- Rack Included Chan. Pull Mount FRRA-S4A-750-43 7411-74 110 40-750 MHz 1 "F" FC/APC SM 1310/1550 nm Yes Push- Rack Included Chan. Pull Mount FRRA-S4A-860-43 7411-84 110 40-860 MHz 1 "F" FC/APC SM 1310/1550 nm Yes Push- Rack Included Chan. Pull Mount FIBR-S4A-860-P 7412-P 110 40-860 MHz 1 "F" FC/APC SM 1310/1550 nm No N/A Stand ACCS-PS-170 Chan. Alone FIBR-S4A-860-PA 7412-PA 110 40-860 MHz 1 "F" FC/APC SM 1310/1550 nm No N/A Stand ACCS-PS-170 Chan. Alone MIBR-S4A-860 7434 110 40-860 MHz 1 "F" FC/APC SM 1310/1550 nm No N/A Micro MIPS-12B Chan. Mod FRDA-S4A-450-43 7400-44 62 40-450 MHz 1 "F" FC/APC SM 1310/1550 nm Yes Push- Wall Included Chan. Pull Mount FRDA-S4A-450-43P 7400P44 62 40-450 MHz 1 "F" FC/APC SM 1310/1550 nm Yes Power Wall Included Chan. Doubling Mount FRDA-S4A-550-43 7400-54 78 40-550 MHz 1 "F" FC/APC SM 1310/1550 nm Yes Push- Wall Included Chan. Pull Mount FRDA-S4A-550-43P 7400P54 78 40-550 MHz 1 "F" FC/APC SM 1310/1550 nm Yes Power Wall Included Chan. Doubling Mount FRDA-S4A-750-43 7400-74 110 40-750 MHz 1 "F" FC/APC SM 1310/1550 nm Yes Push Wall Included Chan. Pull Mount FRDA-S4A-750-43P 7400P74 110 40-750 MHz 1 "F" FC/APC SM 1310/1550 nm Yes Power Wall Included Chan. Doubling Mount FRDA-S4A-860-43 7400-84 110 40-860 MHz 1 "F" FC/APC SM 1310/1550 nm Yes Push- Wall Included Chan. Pull Mount FRDA-S4A-860-43P 7400P84 110 40-860 MHz 1 "F" FC/APC SM 1310/1550 nm Yes Power Wall Included Chan. Doubling Mount RETRO-LINX Transmitter Line: Limited Broadband Applications Transmitter Stock Link Freq. Optical Fiber Operating Tx Physical Power Model Name Number Type Range Connector Type Wavelength Power Configur. Supply MIBT-M3T-25 7422 5 Chan. 5-250 MHz ST™ MM 1310 nm -7 dBm Micro Mod MIPS-12B SIBT-M3T-25 7422-S 5 Chan. 5-250 MHz ST™ MM 1310 nm -7 dbm Stand Alone ACCS-PS-90 MIBT-S3A-210 7423 10 Chan. 5-250 MHz FC/APC SM 1310 nm 3 dBm Micro Mod MIPS-12B SIBT-S3A-210 7423-S 10 Chan. 5-250 MHz FC/APC SM 1310 nm 3 dBm Stand Alone ACCS-PS-170 MIBT-S3A-415 7424 15 Chan. 5-350 MHz FC/APC SM 1310 nm 4 dBm Micro Mod MIPS-12B SIBT-S3A-415 7424-S 15 Chan. 5-350 MHz FC/APC SM 1310 nm 4 dBm Stand Alone ACCS-PS-170 MIBT-S5A-425 7428 25 Chan. 5-350 MHz FC/APC SM 1550 nm 4 dBm Micro Mod MIPS-12B SIBT-S5A-425 7428-S 25 Chan. 5-350 MHz FC/APC SM 1550 nm 4 dBm Stand Alone ACCS-PS-170 Fiber Optic Product Overview Charts 1

RETRO-LINX Transmitter Line: Baseband Applications Transmitter Stock Link Optical Fiber Operating Physical Power 46 Model Name Number Type Connector Type Wavelength Distance Configur. Supply MIAT-M8T-11 7441 Video Only ST™ MM 850 nm 1.5 km Micro Mod MIPS-12B SIAT-M8T-11 7441-S Video Only ST™ MM 850 nm 1.5 km Stand Alone ACCS-PS-170 MIAT-M3T-11 7442 Video Only ST™ MM 1310 nm 15 km Micro Mod MIPS-12B SIAT-M3T-11 7442-S Video Only ST™ MM 1310 nm 15 km Stand Alone ACCS-PS-170 MIAT-S3T-11 7443 Video Only ST™ SM 1310 nm 20 km Micro Mod MIPS-12B SIAT-S3T-11 7443-S Video Only ST™ SM 1310 nm 20 km Stand Alone ACCS-PS-170 MIAT-S5T-11 7444 Video Only ST™ SM 1550 nm 70 km Micro Mod MIPS-12B SIAT-S5T-11 7444-S Video Only ST™ SM 1550 nm 70 km Stand Alone ACCS-PS-170 MIAT-M8T-31 7461 Video/Audio/Audio ST™ MM 850 nm 1.5 km Micro Mod MIPS-12B SIAT-M8T-31 7461-S Video/Audio/Audio ST™ MM 850 nm 1.5 km Stand Alone ACCS-PS-200 MIAT-M3T-31 7462 Video/Audio/Audio ST™ MM 1310 nm 15 km Micro Mod MIPS-12B SIAT-M3T-31 7462-S Video/Audio/Audio ST™ MM 1310 nm 15 km Stand Alone ACCS-PS-200 MIAT-S3T-31 7463 Video/Audio/Audio ST™ SM 1310 nm 20 km Micro Mod MIPS-12B SIAT-S3T-31 7463-S Video/Audio/Audio ST™ SM 1310 nm 20 km Stand Alone ACCS-PS-200 MIAT-S5T-31 7473 Video/Audio/Audio ST™ SM 1550 nm 70 km Micro Mod MIPS-12B SIAT-S5T-31 7473-S Video/Audio/Audio ST™ SM 1550 nm 70 km Stand Alone ACCS-PS-200 RETRO-LINX Receiver Line: Limited Broadband Applications Receiver Stock Link Freq. No. of Optical Fiber Operating Test Hybrid Physical Power Model Name Number Type Range Outputs Connector Type Wavelength Port Tech. Configur. Supply MIBR-M3T-25 7432 5 Chan. 5-250 MHz 1 "F" ST™ MM 1310 nm No N/A Micro Mod MIPS-12B SIBR-M3T-25 7432-S 5 Chan. 5-250 MHz 1 "F" ST™ MM 1310 nm No N/A Stand Alone ACCS-PS-90 MIBR-S4A-210 7433 10 Chan. 5-250 MHz 1 "F" FC/APC SM 1310/1550 nm No N/A Micro Mod MIPS-12B SIBR-S4A-210 7433-S 10 Chan. 5-250 MHz 1 "F" FC/APC SM 1310/1550 nm No N/A Stand Alone ACCS-PS-170 MIBR-S4A-415 7425 15 Chan. 5-350 MHz 1 "F" FC/APC SM 1310/1550 nm No N/A Micro Mod MIPS-12B SIBR-S4A-415 7425-S 15 Chan. 5-350 MHz 1 "F" FC/APC SM 1310/1550 nm No N/A Stand Alone ACCS-PS-170 MIBR-S4A-425 7438 25 Chan. 5-350 MHz 1 "F" FC/APC SM 1310/1550 nm No N/A Micro Mod MIPS-12B SIBR-S4A-425 7438-S 25 Chan. 5-350 MHz 1 "F" FC/APC SM 1310/1550 nm No N/A Stand Alone ACCS-PS-170 RETRO-LINX Receiver Line: Baseband Applications Receiver Stock Link Optical No. of Fiber Operating Physical Power Model Name Number Type Connector Outputs Type Wavelength Configur. Supply MIAR-U8T-11 7451 Video Only ST™ 1 BNC MM 850 nm Micro Mod MIPS-12B SIAR-U8T-11 7451-S Video Only ST™ 1 BNC MM 850 nm Stand Alone ACCS-PS-170 MIAR-U4T-11 7452 Video Only ST™ 1 BNC MM or SM 1310/1550 nm Micro Mod MIPS-12B SIAR-U4T-11 7452-S Video Only ST™ 1 BNC MM or SM 1310/1550 nm Stand Alone ACCS-PS-170 MIAR-U8T-31 7471 Video/Audio/Audio ST™ 1 BNC/2 RCA MM 850 nm Micro Mod MIPS-12B SIAR-U8T-31 7471-S Video/Audio/Audio ST™ 1 BNC/2 RCA MM 850 nm Stand Alone ACCS-PS-200 MIAR-U4T-31 7472 Video/ Audio/Audio ST™ 1 BNC/2 RCA MM or SM 1310/1550 nm Micro Mod MIPS-12B SIAR-U4T-31 7472-S Video/Audio/Audio ST™ 1 BNC/2 RCA MM or SM 1310/1550 nm Stand Alone ACCS-PS-200 TWIN STAR Transmitter Line: L-band Applications Transmitter Stock Link Freq. Optical Fiber Operating Tx Physical Power Part Number Number Type Range Connector Type Wavelength Power Configur. Supply FILT-S3A-2050 7531 32 Trans. 950-2050 MHz FC/APC SM 1310 nm 0 dBm Stand Alone ACCS-PS-170 FILT-S3A-2050-8 7501-8 32 Trans. 950-2050 MHz FC/APC SM 1310 nm -10 dBm Rack Mount Included FILT-S3A-2050-12 7501-12 32 Trans. 950-2050 MHz FC/APC SM 1310 nm -8 dBm Rack Mount Included FILT-S3A-2050-16 7501-16 32 Trans. 950-2050 MHz FC/APC SM 1310 nm -10 dBm Rack Mount Included TWIN STAR Receiver Line: L-band Applications Receiver Stock Link Freq. Optical No. of FiberOperating Physical Power Part Number Number Type Range Connector Outputs Type Wavelength Configur. Supply FILN-S3A-2050 7532 32 Trans. 950-2050 MHz FC/APC 1 "F" SM 1310 nm Stand Alone ACCS-PS-170 FILN-S3A-2050-8 7511-8 32 Trans. 10-40 MHz FC/APC 8 "F" SM 1310 nm Stand Alone AC Line Powered FILN-S3A-2050-16 7511-16 32 Trans. 54-806 MHz FC/APC 16 "F" SM 1310 nm Stand Alone AC Line Powered FILN-S3A-2050-24 7511-24 32 Trans. 950-2050 MHz FC/APC 24 "F" SM 1310 nm Stand Alone AC Line Powered 1 Interdiction Products

47 Interdiction technology products from Blonder Tongue are the cable operator’s solution to enhance subscriber services, providing a more user- and operator-friendly system. Addressable off-premise interdic- tion units eliminate set-top converters from the residence and provide efficiency, security and control in system operations. The “interdiction” terminology comes from the fact that the interfering or jamming signal is introduced into the premium channel at the subscriber’s location, not at the headend as with conventional scrambling systems. There are three interdiction product lines: - VideoMask™ Interdiction (VMI) - Single Living Interdiction Unit (SLIU) - Subscriber Module Interdiction (SMI) formerly known as Scientific Atlanta addressable interdiction system. For each interdiction product line the following information is provided: 1. General Parts List 2. Specification Summary 3. System Design Considerations 4. Installation Guidelines 5. Unit Activation 6. Troubleshooting 7. Jamming Worksheet For more detailed information, please refer to Blonder Tongue’s full line catalog, the training seminar literature, or contact Blonder Tongue’s Technical Support Sales and Marketing Departments. 1. Interdiction Products VMI 1 VMI Interdiction Parts List 48 Below is a table listing part numbers of VMI equipment. P/N Component Complete Units 949x VMIU Complete Units 988x MDIU 8 Port Complete Units 962x MDIU 12 Port Complete Units 966x MDIU 16 Port Complete Units Housings 9402 VMIU Housings 9802-08 MDIU 8 Port Housings 9602-12 MDIU 12 Port Housings 9602-16 MDIU 16 Port Housings Modules 9452 RF Distribution Module; 112.7 Data Carrier 9460 Control Module 9461 Jammer Module (120-170 MHz) 9463 Jammer Module (216-350 MHz) 9465 Jammer Module (354-512 MHz) 9466 Jammer Module (498-596 MHz) Plug-Ins 9310-xx Directional Couplers 9375 Equalizers - Vertical, 750 MHz 9320 Attenuators 2. VMI - Specification Summary 1 VMI 49 Frequency Range Thru Line: 5 to 750 MHz Subscriber Output Port: 54 to 750 MHz Return Path: 5 to 30 MHz Output Level 55 MHz: +10 dBmV 550 MHz: +15 dBmV 750 MHz: +16 dBmV Nominal Gain/Loss 5 to 30 MHz (Reverse)(a): 10 dB 54 to 750 MHz (Forward)(b): -0.75 dB Carrier-to-Noise Ratio (CNR): 60 dB Composite Triple Beat (CTB): -60 dBc Jammer Module Coverage #9461A (Ch’s 14-22): 120 to 170 MHz #9463A (Ch’s 23-45): 216 to 350 MHz #9465A (Ch’s 46-72): 354 to 512 MHz #9466A (Ch’s 70-86): 498 to 596 MHz Data Carrier Frequencies: 104.75, 105.40, 108.90, 112.70 MHz Data Carrier Level (relative to visual): -10, ±5 dB Power Supply Voltage: 45 to 60 VAC Frequency: 50/60 Hz Equalizer Loss @ 550 or 750 MHz: 1.0 dB Values: -4, 0, 2, 5, 8, 11, 14, 17, 20 dB Attenuator Values: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18 dB (a) 0 dB DC (b) 0 dB DC, 0 dB ATT, 0 dB EQ. 3. VMI System Design VMI 1 VideoMask™ Interdiction Units (VMIU’s) can easily be 50 accommodated within standard distribution system designs, including both one-way and two-way architectures. Each VMIU has three (3) plug-in parameters (directional coupler, equalizer, and attenuator) that can be tailored to meet the exact system design requirements. The following sections contain the specifications needed to design a system using VMIU’s. Several design rules and examples have been included for reference. Architecture The VMIU plug-in parameters (DC, EQ & AT) are used to modify the incoming signal levels to match the Interdiction Unit requirements. VMIU’s expect signal levels to be +10/+15/+16 dBmV (50/550/750 MHz) using a 0 dB Directional Coupler, 0 dB Equalizer, and 0 dB Attenuator. A system block diagram follows.

RF Feeder Directional RF Feeder Input Coupler Output DC

5-750 MHz 5-750 MHz

Equalizer Attenuator L H EQ ATT

5-30 MHz 54-750 MHz

L H L H L H L H

5-750 MHz

Subscriber Subscriber Subscriber Subscriber #1 #2 #3 #4 1 3. VMI System Design VMI Directional Coupler 51 A plug-in Directional Coupler (DC) is used to attenuate the incoming signal to the levels expected by the VMIU. DCs are available in 0, 4, 8, 11, and 14 dB values, with 14 dB being the maximum recommended value for two-way system designs. This is due to the fact that both the forward (54 to 750 MHz) and reverse (5 to 30 MHz) path signals incur the loss of the tap leg of the DC. In order to minimize the loss incurred by the reverse path, VMIU’s include a plug-in Attenuator (AT). The AT loss is only incurred by the forward path signals, which allows the total insertion loss needed for the forward path to be split between the DC and the AT. The Tap Output port insertion loss is equal to the DC tap value (0 dB = 0 dB insertion loss). The RF Feeder Input to RF Feeder Output insertion loss specifications for the DCs are included.

Directional Coupler Values Two-Way Design: 0, 4, 8, 11, 14 dB One-Way Design: 0, 4, 8, 11, 14, 17, 20, 23, 26, 29, 32 dB Insertion Loss 04811141720 Encouraged not to use to 30 MHz: NA 2.7 1.5 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.4 dB minimize 50 MHz: NA 2.7 1.5 1.0 0.9 0.7 0.5 dB upstream 330 MHz: NA 3.2 2.1 1.3 1.1 1.1 0.8 dB insertion loss. 450 MHz: NA 3.5 2.4 1.6 1.3 1.3 1.0 dB 550 MHz: NA 3.8 2.5 1.9 1.5 1.4 1.2 dB 750 MHz: NA 4.3 3.0 2.4 1.9 1.8 1.7 dB 3. VMI System Design 1 Equalizer VMI 52 A plug-in Equalizer (EQ) is used to equalize the effects of cable attenuation on the incoming signal. 750 MHz EQs are available in 1 dB increments from -4 to +20 dB values. The EQ only affects the forward path signals (54 to 750 MHz). The insertion loss specifications for the EQ are included below.

VMI-CEQ7V 750 MHz Equalizers Tilt Comp. @ Loss @ Loss @ Loss @ EQ Value 750 MHz 50 MHz 550 MHz 750 MHz -4 -3.0 1.0 2.6 4.0 -3 -2.2 0.8 2.1 3.0 -2 -1.4 0.6 1.5 2.0 -1 -1.0 0.0 0.5 1.0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1 0.9 1.5 0.9 0.6 2 1.7 2.3 1.0 0.6 3 2.0 2.6 1.0 0.6 4 2.7 3.3 1.0 0.6 5 3.4 4.0 1.1 0.6 6 4.2 4.8 1.4 0.6 7 4.9 5.5 1.7 0.6 8 6.2 6.8 2.1 0.6 9 7.1 7.7 2.6 0.6 10 7.7 8.3 2.7 0.6 11 8.7 9.3 2.8 0.6 12 8.9 9.5 3.0 0.6 13 9.4 10.0 3.1 0.6 14 10.4 11.0 3.2 0.6 15 11.1 11.7 3.3 0.6 16 11.7 12.3 3.4 0.6 17 12.4 13.0 3.6 0.6 18 13.2 13.8 3.8 0.6 19 13.8 14.4 3.8 0.6 20 14.7 15.3 3.8 0.6 1 3. VMI System Design VMI Attenuator 53 A plug-in Attenuator is used in conjunction with the Directional Coupler to attenuate the incoming signal to the levels expected by the VMIU. Attenuators are available in 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, and 18 dB values. The Attenuator only affects the forward path signals (54 to 750 MHz). System Design Parameter Calculations The following design rules are provided to assist both the system designer and installer in selecting values for the three (3) plug-in parameters. DC, EQ, & AT - Selecting Values The values of the Directional Coupler, Equalizer and Attenuator are selected to provide the desired insertion loss and slope correction to meet the incoming signal requirements of the VMIU. In general, the Directional Coupler and Attenuator provide a flat response and the highest frequency used in the system design should be considered for the selection of the Directional Coupler (for example, in a 750 MHz design, the insertion loss value at 750 MHz should be used). A minimum of 1.5 dB of attenuation @ 750 MHz should be the smallest value used for the preliminary parameter selection to provide ade- quate headroom for the final signal level adjustment of the VMIU. In general, the steps below are taken to determine the three parameter values: 1. Determine the design frequencies (lo and hi) of the system 2. Based on the incoming signal level to the VMIU, determine the insertion loss needed in the directional coupler 3. Determine the Directional Coupler tap value 4. Calculate the tilt compensation needed from the Equalizer 5. Determine the Equalizer value 6. Calculate the remaining insertion loss needed from the Attenuator; adjust the equalizer if the remaining insertion losses are both negative 7. Determine the Attenuator value 3. VMI System Design 1 Directional Coupler, Equalizer, & Attenuator - VMI Preliminary Selection 54 The following example illustrates the formulas that are used to select the Directional Coupler, Equalizer and Attenuator values. Lo Freq. Hi Freq. Value Value Remarks a. System Design Frequency, MHz 55 750 b. Incoming Signal Level to VMIU, dBmV +26.0 +24.0 c. VMIU Signal Requirement, dBmV +10.0 +16.0 For system frequencies d. Insertion Loss Needed, dB 16.0 8.0 (b) - (c) e. Worst Case VMIU Loss, dB 0.0 -1.5 f. Adjusted Insertion Loss, dB 16.0 6.5 (d) + (e) g. Closest Directional Coupler 4.0 4.0 Directional Coupler Value (Note 1), dB Value Selected 1-51 ≤ (min f lo , f hi) h. Insertion Loss Needed in Addition to Directional Coupler, dB 12.0 2.5 (f) - (g) i. Tilt Compensation Needed 9.5 (h) lo - (h) hi j. Closest Tilt Compensation 9.4 Value from page 1-52 ≤ (i); @750 MHz k. Closest Equalizer (Note 2) 13 dB Equal.Value Selected l. Insertion Loss of Equalizer Selected, dB 10.0 0.6 Value from page 1-52 for (k) m. Insertion Loss Needed from Attenuator, dB 2.0 1.9 (h) - (l) n. Closest Attenuator Value, dB (Note 3) 1.0 round down (min m lo , m hi ) Directional Coupler 4 dB (g) Equalizer 13 dB (k) Attenuator 1 dB (n) Notes: 1. Select Directional Coupler with a tap value that is less than the smaller of the f lo or f hi values. 2. Calculate the tilt compensation needed by subtracting the value of h hi from h lo (h lo-h hi). On page 1-50, find a tilt compensation value that is less than or equal to the tilt compensation needed. Select that Equalizer value with the appropriate tilt compensation. 3. Select minimum value from m lo and m hi and round down to nearest whole number (or zero). If both insertion losses are negative, then adjust the equalizer to the next lower value and redo the calculation. 1 3. VMI System Design VMI Directional Coupler, Equalizer, & Attenuator - 55 Blank Worksheet A blank worksheet is provided below for calculating the DC, EQ, and ATT values. Lo Freq. Hi Freq. Value Value Remarks a. System Design Frequency, MHz b. Incoming Signal Level to VMIU, dBmV c. VMIU Signal Requirement, dBmV For system frequencies d. Insertion Loss Needed, dB (b) - (c) e. Worst Case VMIU Loss, dB 0.0 -1.5 f. Adjusted Insertion Loss, dB (d) + (e) g. Closest Directional Coupler Directional Coupler Value (Note 1), dB Value Selected from page 1-51 ≤ (min f lo , f hi) h. Insertion Loss Needed in Addition to Directional Coupler, dB (f) - (g) i. Tilt Compensation Needed (h) lo - (h) hi j. Closest Tilt Compensation Value from page 1-52 ≤ (i); @750 MHz k. Closest Equalizer (Note 2) Equalizer Value Selected l. Insertion Loss of Equalizer Selected, dB Value from page 1-52 for (k) m. Insertion Loss Needed from Attenuator, dB (h) - (l) n. Closest Attenuator Value, dB (Note 3) round down (min m lo , m hi ) Directional Coupler dB (g) Equalizer dB (k) Attenuator dB (n) Notes: 1. Select Directional Coupler with a tap value that is less than the smaller of the f lo or f hi values. 2. Calculate the tilt compensation needed by subtracting the value of h hi from h lo (h lo-h hi). On page 1-50, find a tilt compensation value that is less than or equal to the tilt compensation needed. Select that Equalizer value with the appropriate tilt compensation. 3. Select minimum value from m lo and m hi & round down to nearest whole number (or zero). If both insertion losses are negative, then adjust the equalizer to the next lower value & redo the calculation. 3. VMI System Design 1 Power Consumption VMI 56 Another design consideration for interdiction is powering. Below are the power consumptions of the VMI.

Current Consumption (mA) 1 Jammer w/2 Jammer w/3 Jammer Volts (VAC) Module Modules Modules

45.00 325 410 515

50.00 330 375 465

55.00 310 355 420

60.00 295 360 390

65.00 240 315 385

70.00 230 300 360

75.00 220 285 340

80.00 205 265 325

85.00 195 255 310

90.00 190 245 295 1 4. VMI Installation Guidelines VMI Directional Coupler, Equalizer, and 57 Attenuator - “As Built” After the VMI Unit is installed, the output levels at the subscriber out- puts should be measured and verified against the VMI Specifications. The three (3) plug-in parameters can be further tailored in the field to match the output levels as close to the Specification as possible. These “As-Built” values should then be fed back to the system designer for inclusion on the original system design maps. Balancing And Alignment Rules Directional Coupler 1 The maximum value for the plug-in Directional Coupler is 14 dB, in order to minimize the reverse path insertion loss. 2 VMIU’s in direct cascade (RF Feeder Output fed to RF Feeder Input) should not be configured with a 4 dB plug-in Directional Coupler in the first VMIU feeding a 4 dB plug-in Directional Coupler in the second VMIU (remember, the 4 dB Directional Coupler is actually a two-way splitter). A 0 dB plug-in Directional Coupler should be used in the second VMIU instead. 3 Do not select a plug-in Directional Coupler that exactly matches the insertion loss needed. Use 1.5 dB of attenuation at 750 MHz as a minimum and select a plug-in Directional Coupler based on the headroom afforded by this baseline attenuation. 4 The plug-in Directional Coupler affects both the forward and reverse path signals. 5 The plug-in Attenuator affects the reverse path signals only. 4. VMI Installation Guidelines VMI 1 Equalizer 58 1 VMIU’s that are located close to the nearest amplifier may require a plug-in Inverse Equalizer (4 dB) to compensate for the launch slope of the amplifier. 2 The plug-in Equalizer should be selected based upon the tilt compensation needed for the system design. Please note that the plug-in Equalizer value does not equal the insertion loss. 3 VMIU’s in direct cascade (RF Feeder Output fed to RF Feeder Input) typically require a higher value plug-in Equalizer in the second VMIU. This is due to the additional slope incurred in the Directional Couplers installed in both VMIU’s. 4 The plug-in Equalizer only affects the forward path signals. Attenuator 1 Use 1.5 dB of attenuation at 750 MHz as a minimum to provide headroom for final VMIU setup. 2 The plug-in Attenuator value should be selected based upon the additional insertion loss needed after equalization plus the 1.5 dB of attenuation used for headroom. 3 The plug-in Attenuator only affects the forward path signals and is used in conjunction with the Directional Coupler and Equalizer to provide the total insertion loss. 5. VMI Unit Activation 1 VMI 59 The VMI unit has factory default parameters that immediately activate all ports upon initial installation. There are no jamming frequencies assigned at the factory. This allows the full spectrum of channels to pass, “in the clear,” to the subscriber drop port. The VMIU will pass signal to the subscriber port “in the clear” until the iCentral control computer authorizes the unit with the appropriate level of service. Once you install both the interdiction unit and turn on the AC, the unit passes RF. Important!: There is no refresh timer for the VMIU! You must discon- nect ports which are not assigned to a subscriber with the iCentral! Key items to remember • Serial numbers and port addresses: - Report the proper serial number and port address to ensure authorization. The first 9 digits correspond to the serial number. The last 7 digits correspond to the hexadecimal address, which the central control computer uses to communicate to each subscriber port. - Make sure the address matches the port used in the installation. • Authorization: - Make sure the Customer Service Representative (CSR) authorizes the port address with the proper level of service. 6. VMI Troubleshooting 1 Diagnostic LED Codes VMI 60 Old Style New Style Error LED Flash LED Code Desc. Rate Indication No Error Steady ON Steady On No Error (w/o Tamper Switch) 7 flashes/10 seconds ------Calibration 14 flashes/5 seconds rapid flash on/off continuously EEPROM 7 flashes/5 seconds 1 fast flash every 3 seconds Communication 7 flashes/40 seconds 2 fast flashes every 3 seconds Unit Address 7 flashes/20 seconds 3 fast flashes every 3 seconds Tamper Switch 7 flashes/10 seconds 4 fast flashes every 3 seconds

Notes • LED is found on the control module (CM) • Old Style refers to CM revision B-E • New Style refers to CM revision F and later • Refer to timing diagrams on the next page for more details

Power Supply Pinout Pin# 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Voltage 28 VDC NOT 12 VDC GND 6.2 VDC GND 60 VAC Minimum 26.0 USED 11.4 6.1 45 Maximum 30.0 12.6 6.3 60 1 6. VMI Troubleshooting VMI Diagnostic LED Codes 61 Figure 1 Figure 2 Calibration Error LED Indication Tamper Error LED Indication

3 sec

LED OFF

LED on for 200 msec

2.00 V M 500 ms 2.00 V M 500 ms Signal +width 100 msec Signal +width 200 msec Signal -width 100 msec Signal -width 200 msec Rapid Flash Period 3 Seconds Figure 3 Communication Error LED Indication

3 sec

LED OFF

LED on for 200 msec

2.00 V M 500 ms Signal +width 200 msec Signal -width 200 msec Period 3 Seconds Figure 4 Figure 5 RF Pulse Switch Rev G RF Pulse Switch Rev RB

RF Switch OFF RF Switch OFF RF Switch ON RF Switch ON

5.3 sec 4.6 sec

2.00 V M 500 ms 2.00 V M 500 ms Signal +width 350 msec Signal +width 350 msec Signal -width 350 msec Signal -width 350 msec Pulse Subscriber Output Signal Pulse Subscriber Output Signal Off and On 8 Times/5.3 sec Off and On 7 Times/4.6 sec (This Sequence Executed Once Each Hour) (This Sequence Executed Once Each Hour) 7. VMI Jamming Worksheet VMI 1 VMI Interdiction Oscillators SLOTS 62 PROGRAM CH DWELL JAMMER 134123452 678 # TIME 94xx OFF-AIR 2 OFF-AIR 3 OFF-AIR 4 OFF-AIR 5 OFF-AIR 6 14 61-2 1 2 15 61-2 1 2 16 61-2 1 2 17 61-2 1 2 18 61-2 1 2 19 61-2 1 2 20 61-2 1 2 21 61-2 1 2 22 61-2 1 2 OFF-AIR 7 OFF-AIR 8 OFF-AIR 9 OFF-AIR 10 OFF-AIR 11 OFF-AIR 12 OFF-AIR 13 23 63 1 24 63 1 25 63 1 26 63 1 27 63 1 2 28 63 1 2 29 63 1 2 30 63 1 2 31 63 1 2 3 32 63 1 2 3 33 63 1 2 3 34 63 2 3 35 63 2 3 4 36 63 2 3 4 37 63 2 3 4 38 63 3 4 39 63 3 4 40 63 3 4 41 63 3 4 42 63 4 43 63 4 44 63 4 45 63 4 7. VMI Jamming Worksheet 1 VMI VMI Interdiction 63 Oscillators SLOTS PROGRAM CH DWELL JAMMER 134123452 678 # TIME 94xx 46 65 1 47 65 1 48 65 1 49 65 1 50 65 1 51 65 1 52 65 1 2 53 65 1 2 54 65 1 2 55 65 1 2 56 65 1 2 57 65 2 58 65 2 59 65 2 3 60 65 2 3 61 65 2 3 62 65 2 3 4 63 65 3 4 64 65 3 4 65 65 3 4 66 65 3 4 67 65 3 4 68 65 3 4 69 65 3 4 70 65 & 68 1 4 71 65 & 68 1 4 72 65 & 68 1 4 73 68 1 74 68 1 75 68 1 2 76 68 1 2 77 68 1 2 78 68 1 2 79 68 1 2 80 68 1 2 3 81 68 2 3 82 68 2 3 83 68 2 3 84 68 2 3 85 68 2 3 4 86 68 3 4 87 68 3 4 88 68 3 4 89 68 3 4 90 68 3 4 91 68 4 92 68 4 93 68 4 94 68 4 Single Living Interdiction Unit (SLIU) SLIU 1 64

Cable Office Billing SLIU System Modem VMI To Additional Headend Headends Location

iCentral Modem

Intelligent Transmitter (ITX)

BLONDER FREQUENCY DATA TONGUE 105.4 RF LABORATORIES,INC. LEVEL VMI-ITX SERIES VIDEOMASK INTELLIGENT TRANSMITTER

Single Living Interdiction Unit VideoMask MDIU Multiple Dwelling VideoMask Interdiction Unit 4 Port VMIU

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PREMIUM MOVIE

TV TV VCR

PREMIUM PREMIUM MOVIE MOVIE

PREMIUM PREMIUM Feature Presentation MOVIE Feature Presentation MOVIE

PREMIUM PREMIUM MOVIE MOVIE

Addressable Transmitter

108.2 MHz 4 Port Interdiction Unit 8 Port Interdiction Unit Through To SMI Additional 4 Port 8 Port Feeder SMIU SMIU

Individual Homes

VCR VCR

Apartment TVFeature Presentation TV Buildings PREMIUM MOVIE VCR VCR

PREMIUM TV TV VCR MOVIE TV TV

For the SLIU product line, the following information is provided: 1. General Parts List 5. Unit Activation 2. Specification Summary 6. Troubleshooting 3. System Design Considerations 7. Jamming Worksheet 4. Installation Guidelines 1. SLIU General Parts List 1 SLIU 65 Below is a table listing part numbers of SLIU equipment. P/N Component Complete Units 9112 SLIU-2 Integrated Unit 104.75 MHz Data Carrier 9113 SLIU-2 Integrated Unit 105.4 MHz Data Carrier 9114 SLIU-2 Integrated Unit 108.9 MHz Data Carrier 9115 SLIU-2 Integrated Unit 112.7 MHz Data Carrier Plug-ins 9377-xx Equalizer 860 MHz 9320-xx Forward or Reverse Attenuators 9321-xx Trim Networks 9378-xx Inverse Equalizer 860 MHz 2. SLIU Specification Summary SLIU 1 SPECIFICATIONS - SLIU 66 SUBSCRIBER PORT Values Units Bandwidth: 54 to 860 MHz Nominal Gain: 1.5 dB Flatness: ±1.5 dB Return Loss 16 dB Output Level 54 MHz: 10 dBmV 600 MHz: 16 dBmV 750 MHz: 17 dBmV 860 MHz: 18 dBmV Distortions (@ 77 Channel Loading) CTB: -60 dBc CSO: -60 dBc XMOD: -55 dBc Spurious: -60 dBc C/N: 59 dB AGC: ±3 dB RETURN PATH Bandwidth: 5 to 40 MHz Loss: 4dB Flatness: 2 dBpv Return Loss: 16 dB JAMMING OSCILLATORS 8 oscillators: 54 - 600 MHz Voltage Controlled Oscillator Frequency Range: VCO 1: 114-177 (ch. 14-22, 7, 99) MHz VCO 2: 179-249 (ch. 8-13, 23-28) MHz VCO 3: 252-321 (ch. 29-40) MHz VCO 4: 312-381 (ch. 39-50) MHz VCO 5: 372-453 (ch. 49-62) MHz VCO 6: 444-525 (ch. 61-74) MHz VCO 7: 516-597 (ch. 73-86) MHz VCO 8: 54-85 (ch. 2-6) MHz 2. SLIU Specification Summary 1 SLIU 67 DATA CARRIER Values Units Frequency: 104.75 MHz Level (relative to video): -10, ±5 dB Guard Band: ±300 kHz FM Deviation: ±60 kHz TALK BACK CARRIER Frequency: 10.7 MHz FSK FM Deviation: ±60 KHz Output Level (at minimum RF input, nominal FSK input): 40 dBmV OVERALL - ELECTRICAL Hum Modulation: <-60 dBc RF Leakage: Complies with FCC Part 76, Sub part K Power Requirements Voltage: 37-95 VAC Frequency: 50/60 Hz Current Consumption 90 VAC IN 150 mA 60 VAC IN 200 mA Power Passing to Port (optional): 300 mA Operating Temperature Range: -40° to +60° C Relative Humidity: 5-100 % OVERALL - MECHANICAL Housing Dimensions (L x H x W): 9.5 x 4.0 x 10.0 in. Weight: 6 lbs Mounting: Strand, Wall or Pedestal RF IN, RF OUT and AC IN Connectors: “F” type, female 3. SLIU System Design SLIU 1 68 Single Living Interdiction Units (SLIU’s) can easily be accommodated within standard distribution system designs, including both one-way and two-way architectures. Each SLIU has three (3) plug-in parameters (equalizer, forward attenuator (or trim network) and return attenuator) that can be tailored to meet the exact system design requirements. The following sections contain the speci- fications needed to design a system using SLIU’s. Several design rules and examples have been included for reference. Architecture The VMI plug-ins parameters (EQ , AT, and TN) are used to modify the incoming signal levels to match the SLIU requirements. The SLIU expects signal levels to be +10/+17/+18 dBmV (50/750/860 MHz) using a 0 dB Equalizer, and 0 dB Attenuator. A system block diagram follows.

RF Feeder Directional RF Feeder Input Coupler Output DC

5-860 MHz

FWD L H AT/or EQ 54-860 MHz TN 5-40 MHz

Return Path Switch H RTN Subscriber Drop AT L 1 3. SLIU System Design SLIU Equalizer 69 A plug-in Equalizer (EQ) is used to equalize the effects of cable attenuation on the incoming signal. 860 MHz EQs are available in 1 dB increments from -4 to +20 dB values. The EQ only affects the forward path signals (54 to 860 MHz). The insertion loss specifications for the EQ are included below.

EQ INSERTION LOSS TABLE Loss at Loss at Loss at EQ Value 51 MHz 550 MHz 750MHz -4 1 2.6 4 -3 0.8 2.1 3 -2 0.6 1.5 2 -1 0 0.5 1 00 00 1 1.5 0.9 0.6 2 2.3 1 0.6 3 2.6 1 0.6 4 3.3 1 0.6 5 4 1.1 0.6 6 4.8 1.4 0.6 7 5.5 1.7 0.6 8 6.8 2.1 0.6 9 7.7 2.6 0.6 10 8.3 2.7 0.6 11 9.3 2.8 0.6 12 9.5 3 0.6 13 10 3.1 0.6 14 11 3.2 0.6 15 11.7 3.3 0.6 16 12.3 3.4 0.6 17 13 3.6 0.6 18 13.8 3.8 0.6 19 14.4 3.8 0.6 20 15.3 3.8 0.6 3. SLIU System Design 1 Attenuator SLIU 70 A plug-in Attenuator is used in conjunction with the external Directional Coupler to attenuate the incoming signal to the levels expected by the SLIU. Attenuators are available in 1 dB increments in values from 0 to 18 dB. The Attenuator may be placed in the forward and/or return path. Trim Networks Instead of a forward path attenuator, a trim network (TN) may be used to compensate for non-linear system response and allow for forward path balancing. The trim networks are available in attenuation values of 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 dB and response connections of 3 and 6 dB. System Design Parameter Calculations The following design rules are provided to assist both the system designed and installer in selecting values for the three (3) plug-in parameters. EQ, AT & TN- Selecting Values The values of the Equalizer, Attenuator and/or Trim Network are selected to provide the desired insertion loss and slope correction to meet the incoming signal requirements of the SLIU. In general, the Attenuator provides a flat response. The Trim Network compensates for non-linear slope in the AGC range. 1 3. SLIU System Design SLIU Attenuator 71 In general, the steps below are taken to determine the three parameter values: 1. Determine minimum input levels based on your system design.

2. Measure RF input levels at Ch.2, Ch. 24 and highest channel (Ch. 78, 550 MHz).

3. Select appropriate EQ & FW AT/TN components - If Step 2 measurement same as map design, use map design value EQ & AT. - If Step 2 measurement level different from map design, select value from EQ & AT tables (for full AGC).

4. Measure RF Output - Verify RF tilt relative to jamming oscillators - If tilt is incorrect, adjust the EQ appropriately (a higher EQ if the tilt is too high, a lower EQ if the tilt is too low.

5 AGC voltage at TP5 - 3.1 Vdc (optimum); 3.0 - 3.2 (acceptable). - If reading is higher, add “1” to original feeder input level (value from step 2) & choose new Fwd AT. - If reading is lower, subtract “1” from original feeder input level (value from step 2) & choose new Fwd AT. 3. SLIU System Design 1 Power Consumption SLIU 72 The SLIU can be powered a number of ways:

1. House powered via 120VAC outlet: Power consumption 11.8W @ 24VAC (550 mA) 2. Auxiliary or Line Powered: Power consumption 8.0W @ 60VAC (200 mA) 8.8W @ 90VAC (150 mA) Below are the power consumptions of the SLIU:

Volts Curr. Watts 24.00 580 mA 11.8 60.00 200 mA 8.8 90.00 150 mA 8.0 1 4. SLIU Installation Guidelines SLIU Key Installation Steps 73 HomeControl Single Living Interdiction Unit (SLIU) Key Installation Steps: 1. Select power supply option, position P1 appropriately 2. Power the unit, from RF Input, Subscriber Port, or Auxiliary Port (default from the factory). 3. Measure RF Input Levels at the tap port of the external Directional Coupler (Channels 2, 24, & 78) Note: When measuring input levels, check adjacent channels for response flatness, use the highest value when selecting plug-in values Minimum Input Requirements • 9.0 dBmV @ 54 MHz • 11.0 dBmv @ 220 MHz • 15.0 dBmV @ 600 MHz • 16.0 dBmV @ 750 MHz • 17.0 dBmV @ 860 MHz 4. SLIU Installation Guidelines 1 Key Installation Steps SLIU 74

4. Determine Trim Network (TN), Forward Attenuator (AT) & Equalizer (EQ) SLIU slide card Note: When response is not linear, a trim network must be used to compensate for higher levels ("bumps") in the AGC range. 5. Plug-in appropriate EQ and Fwd AT (or TN) 6. Verify AGC Voltage 3.1 VDC optimum; 3.0 – 3.2 VDC acceptable 7. Verify unit RF Output Levels Subscriber Port Output • 10.0 dBmV @ 54 MHz • 12.0 dBmV @ 220 MHz • 16.0 dBmV @ 600 MHz • 17.0 dBmV @ 750 MHz • 18.0 dBmV @ 860 MHz 8. Adjust EQ and AT or TN (if necessary) 1 4. SLIU Installation Guidelines SLIU Power Selection 75 Power Supply

Power Select RF Board Equalizer

Forward Attenuator Return Attenuator

RF In RF Out

60/90 Aux Power

Jammer/Controller Board 4. SLIU Installation Guidelines 1 Power Selection SLIU 76

FEEDER POWER P1 P1 P1 P2 J 11 J 12 J 13 J 14

32

HOUSE POWER P1 P1 P1 P2 J 11 J 12 J 13 J 14

21

AUXILLARY POWER P1 P1 P1 P2 J 11 J 12 J 13 J 14 P1 P2 32

Position A

60/90 VAC Network Powering

Position B

26 VAC House Powering 1 4. SLIU Installation Guidelines SLIU Tightening Sequence 77 1 3

4 2

• Tightening: - Use a criss-cross pattern to tighten the housing bolts. - Tighten closure bolts between 5-7 ft. lbs. 5. SLIU Unit Activation SLIU 1 78 The SLIU unit has factory default parameters that immediately activate the output port upon initial installation. There are no jamming frequencies assigned at the factory. This allows the full spectrum of channels to pass, “in the clear,” to the subscriber drop port. The unit will pass signal to the subscriber port “in the clear” until the iCentral authorizes the unit with the appropriate level of service. Once you install both the interdiction unit and turn on the AC, the refresh timer starts. The factory default is 25 days. Important!: You must activate the subscriber port within the refresh timer period or the unit deactivates. Key items to remember • Serial numbers and port addresses: - Report the proper serial number and port address to ensure autho- rization. The first 9 digits correspond to the serial number. The last 7 digits correspond to the hexadecimal address, which the iCentral uses to communicate to the unit. • Reverse Path Activation: - The SLIU is capable of returning reverse signals from a CIU. The unit supports 5-40 MHz return. In addition to 5-40 MHz return, the unit also provides independent addressable on/off control of the reverse path for the subscriber port, when the reverse path switch is enabled by the iCentral. 1 6. SLIU Troubleshooting SLIU Key Items to Remember 79

• Fault Flags: - Tamper - Unit Time Out - Unit Address - Calibration - EEPROM • Fault Action: 1. Disconnect - Full RF disconnect, snow on all channels 2. Jam All Channels - All jammable channels are jammed 3. Pulse Disconnect - The RF has flashes of disconnects with normal video service NOTE: The fault action may be changed at any time, and implemented with a “Headend Initialization” command • Recommended Configuration - Fault Flags: Calibration, Tamper (if desired) - Fault Action: Pulse Disconnect The pulse disconnect has the following codes to identify which fault has occurred: • Tamper 1 Flash of Disconnect • Unit Time Out 2 Flashes of Disconnect • Unit Address 3 Flashes of Disconnect • Calibration 4 Flashes of Disconnect • EEPROM 5 Flashes of Disconnect 6. SLIU Troubleshooting 1 Key Items to Remember SLIU 80

• Recommended Configuration - continued - The flashes occur once every 12 seconds (Quick Flash Mode) or once every 10 minutes (Slow Mode) as defined in the iCentral. - The Quick Flash mode is optimum if a technician is in the field checking a unit. The Slow Mode is less punishing to the customer. - The LED is “on” solid when no fault has been detected. - If a fault has been detected, the unit LED will flash with the following codes (the same as the RF when in Pulse Disconnect Mode): • Tamper 1 Flash • Unit Time Out 2 Flashes • Unit Address 3 Flashes • Calibration 4 Flashes • EEPROM 5 Flashes - Except for the tamper mode, the LED will flash even if the fault flags are not set in the iCentral. - If the tamper mode flag is not set, the LED will stay “on” when the technician opens the unit. - The RF will flash only if the flag is set in the iCentral AND the fault occurs. 7. SLIU Jamming Worksheet 1 SLIU 81

SLIU Interdiction

Dwell Oscillator Oscillator Slot Assignment Program CH# Tier Time% Range 12345 678910 2 8 3 8 4 8 5 8 6 8 95 96 98 99 1 14 1 15 1 16 1 17 1 18 1 19 1 20 1 21 1 22 1 7 1 8 2 9 2 10 2 11 2 12 2 13 2 23 2 24 2 25 2 26 2 27 2 28 2 29 3 30 3 31 3 32 3 33 3 34 3 35 3 36 3 37 3 38 3 39 3 4 40 3 4 41 4 42 4 43 4 44 4 45 4 46 4 7. SLIU Jamming Worksheet SLIU 1 82

SLIU Interdiction Dwell Oscillator Oscillator Slot Assignment Program CH# Tier Time% Range 12345 678910 47 4 48 4 49 4 5 50 4 5 51 5 52 5 53 5 54 5 55 5 56 5 57 5 58 5 59 5 60 5 61 5 6 62 5 6 63 6 64 6 65 6 66 6 67 6 68 6 69 6 70 6 71 6 72 6 73 6 7 74 6 7 75 7 76 7 77 7 78 7 79 7 80 7 81 7 82 7 83 7 84 7 85 7 86 7 Subscriber Module Interdiction (SMI) 1 SMI 83

Cable Office Billing System Modem

To Headend Additional Addressable Transmitter Headends Location

iCentral Modem SMI 108.2 MHz Intelligent Transmitter (ITX)

BLONDER FREQUENCY DATA TONGUE 105.4 RF LABORATORIES,INC. LEVEL VMI-ITX SERIES VIDEOMASK INTELLIGENT TRANSMITTER

4 Port Interdiction Unit 8 Port Interdiction Unit Through To Single Living VideoMask Additional Interdiction 8 Port Feeder Unit MDIU 4 Port Multiple Dwelling SMIU SMIU Interdiction Unit

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Individual Homes

PREMIUM MOVIE VCR VCR TV TV VCR Apartment TVFeature Presentation TV Buildings PREMIUM MOVIE VCR VCR PREMIUM MOVIE

PREMIUM PREMIUM MOVIE Feature Presentation MOVIE TV TV VCR TV TV

PREMIUM MOVIE

For the SMI product line, the following information is provided: 1. General Parts List 2. Specification Summary 3. System Design Considerations 4. Installation Guidelines 5. Unit Activation 6. Troubleshooting 7. Jamming Worksheet 1. SMI General Parts List SMI 1 Below is a table listing part numbers of SMI equipment. 84 P/N Component 506561 Subscriber module w/fixed power passing capability 566024 Subscriber module w/ no power passing capability 564265 Subscriber module w/optional power passing capability 568839 Power passing removable jumper for module 564265 570201 DC and EQ reference card for 8-port unit 570202 DC and EQ reference card for 4-port unit 376602 -20 dB test connector 565339 4-port 750 MHz non-power-passing pedestal housing 565340 4-port 750 MHz non-power-passing strand housing 565337 8-port 750 MHz non-power-passing pedestal housing 565338 8-port 750 MHz non-power-passing strand housing 564783 4-port 750 MHz power-passing pedestal housing 564785 4-port 750 MHz power-passing strand housing 564769 8-port 750 MHz power-passing pedestal housing 564771 8-port 750 MHz power-passing strand housing 2. SMI - Specification Summary 1 SMI 85 Frequency Range Forward Path: 51 to 750 MHz Reverse Path: 5 to 40 MHz Minimum Feeder Input Levels: 51 MHz 550 MHz 750 MHz Full AGC 4-port 17.0 dBmV 23.0 dBmV 25.0 dBmV 8-port 20.5 dBmV 26.5 dBmV 28.5 dBmV No AGC 4-port 12.5 dBmV 18.5 dBmV 20.5 dBmV 8-port 16.0 dBmV 22.0 dBmV 24.0 dBmV Subscriber Port Output Level @ 750 MHz: 18 dBmV ±0.5 dB @ 550 MHz: 16 dBmV ±0.5 dB @ 51 MHz: 10 dBmV ±0.5 dB Carrier-to-Noise Ratio (CNR): 55 dB Composite Triple Beat (CTB) 550 MHz (77 channels): <-75 dBc 750 MHz (110 channels): <-68 dBc Voltage Controlled Oscillator Frequency Range VCO 1: 120.0 to 169.5 MHz VCO 2: 210.0 to 283.5 MHz VCO 3: 388.0 to 365.5 MHz VCO 4: 366.0 to 457.5 MHz VCO 5: 458.0 to 547.5 MHz Cable Power Input Voltage: 37 to 90 VAC Maximum Feeder Current: 15 A Power Passing to Port (optional): 250 mA Power Passing to Unused Feeder Port 4 Port: 1A 8 Port: 2A 3. SMI System Design SMI 1 Subscriber Module Interdiction Units (SMIU’s) can easily be accommo- 86 dated within standard distribution system designs, including both one- way and two-way architectures. Each SMIU has two (2) plug-in para- meters (directional coupler and equalizer) that can be tailored to meet the exact system design requirements. In addition, the SMIU has an automatic gain control (AGC) with a range of ±4.5 dB. The AGC’s func- tion is to maintain the correct RF level relative to the jamming carriers, despite variations in the feeder level. The following sections contain the specifications needed to design a system using SMIU’s. Architecture The SMIU plug-in parameters (DC & EQ) are used to modify the incoming signal levels to match the Interdiction Unit requirements. SMIU’s expects signal levels to be +10/+16/+18 dBmV (50/550/750 MHz) using a 0 dB DC and 0 dB EQ. A system block diagram follows. 1 3. SMI System Design SMI 750 MHz Directional Coupler (DC) Insertion Loss 87

DC Feeder(through) Insertion Loss Tap Loss Reverse Path Forward Path DC Value Stock # 5 MHz 40 MHz 51 MHz 550 MHz 750 MHz 0.0 291659 Terminating Terminating 1.0 291611 Terminating Terminating 2.0 378224 Terminating Terminating 3.0 378225 Terminating Terminating 4.0 562958 2.5 2.5 3.5 3.9 4.2 5.0 562959 2.4 2.4 3.5 3.9 4.2 6.0 562960 2.3 1.8 2.1 2.4 2.7 7.5 562961 2.3 1.8 2.1 2.5 2.7 9.0 562962 2.1 1.4 1.4 2.1 2.4 10.5 562963 2.1 1.4 1.4 2.1 2.4 12.0 562964 1.4 1.0 0.8 1.3 1.7 13.5 562965 1.4 1.0 0.8 1.3 1.7 15.0 562966 1.2 0.8 0.8 1.3 1.7 16.5 562967 1.2 0.8 0.7 1.1 1.4 18.0 562968 1.3 0.8 0.7 1.1 1.4 19.5 562969 1.3 0.8 0.7 1.1 1.4 21.0 562970 1.3 0.8 0.7 1.1 1.4 22.5 562971 1.3 0.8 0.7 1.1 1.4 24.0 562972 1.3 0.8 0.7 1.1 1.4 25.5 562973 1.3 0.8 0.7 1.1 1.4 27.0 562974 1.3 0.8 0.7 1.1 1.4 28.5 562975 1.3 0.8 0.7 1.1 1.4 30.0 562976 1.3 0.8 0.7 1.1 1.4 31.5 562977 1.3 0.8 0.7 1.1 1.4 3. SMI System Design 1 DC Coupled Port Loss SMI 88 DC Coupled Port Loss* Tap Loss Reverse Path Forward Path DC Value Stock # 5 MHz 40 MHz 51 MHz 550 MHz 750 MHz 0.0 291659 0.3 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.7 1.0 291611 0.8 1.3 1.7 1.7 1.7 2.0 378224 1.8 2.3 2.7 2.7 2.7 3.0 378225 2.8 3.3 3.7 3.7 3.7 4.0 562958 8.2 6.1 5.4 5.2 5.3 5.0 562959 8.8 7.0 6.3 6.4 6.7 6.0 562960 6.7 7.5 7.0 7.4 9.8 7.5 562961 7.7 8.4 8.0 8.3 10.6 9.0 562962 9.5 10.5 10.2 9.3 9.4 10.5 562963 0.4 11.3 11.1 10.0 9.9 12.0 562964 12.0 12.8 12.7 11.1 11.6 13.5 562965 13.5 14.3 14.2 12.3 12.2 15.0 562966 15.0 15.7 15.6 13.3 13.4 16.5 562967 16.4 17.1 17.0 14.8 14.6 18.0 562968 17.8 18.4 18.4 15.1 14.3 19.5 562969 19.6 20.2 20.2 16.4 15.6 21.0 562970 20.9 21.4 21.4 17.1 15.9 22.5 562971 22.3 22.9 22.9 18.3 16.9 24.0 562972 23.9 24.5 24.5 19.5 17.8 25.5 562973 25.5 26.1 26.2 21.5 20.3 27.0 562974 26.8 27.4 27.4 22.1 20.5 28.5 562975 28.3 28.8 29.0 22.8 20.4 30.0 562976 29.8 30.3 30.5 23.4 20.5 31.5 562977 30.9 31.3 31.6 23.7 20.4 *All forward and reverse DC coupled port losses include the additional loss of the diplex filter. 1 3. SMI System Design SMI 750 MHz Equalizer Insertion Loss Table 89 EQ Value Stock # 51 MHz 550 MHz 750 MHz -9.0 562996 2.7 9.1 10.4 -7.5 562995 1.9 7.5 8.5 -6.0 562994 1.4 5.9 6.2 -4.5 562993 1.6 4.4 4.8 -3.0 562992 0.1 2.7 3.0 -1.5 562991 0.1 1.3 1.5 0.0 566057 0.1 0.1 0.2 1.5 562978 1.9 1.2 0.9 3.0 562979 2.9 1.3 0.8 4.5 562980 4.1 1.5 0.8 6.0 562981 5.4 1.8 0.9 7.5 562982 6.5 1.9 0.7 9.0 562983 7.5 2.1 0.7 10.5 562984 8.8 2.5 0.9 12.0 562985 10.0 2.9 1.0 13.5 562986 11.4 3.4 1.3 15.0 562987 12.2 3.3 0.9 16.5 562988 13.6 3.8 1.0 18.0 562989 14.7 3.8 0.8 19.5 562990 15.6 4.0 0.9 3. SMI System Design 1 4-Port Power Consumption* SMI

*Measurements are adjusted to compensate for changes over temperature. 90 Housing Only w/1 Module w/2 Modules Volts Current Watts Current Watts Current Watts 35.00 0.09 2.35 0.17 5.35 0.26 7.74 40.00 0.08 2.45 0.16 5.27 0.23 7.85 45.00 0.08 2.56 0.14 5.18 0.20 7.95 50.00 0.07 2.64 0.13 5.34 0.19 7.99 55.00 0.07 2.73 0.13 5.50 0.18 8.02 60.00 0.07 2.88 0.12 5.50 0.17 8.04 65.00 0.06 3.04 0.11 5.50 0.16 8.06 70.00 0.06 3.04 0.11 5.71 0.15 8.25 75.00 0.06 3.04 0.10 5.92 0.15 8.44 80.00 0.07 3.15 0.10 6.01 0.14 8.52 85.00 0.07 3.25 0.10 6.10 0.14 8.61 90.00 0.07 3.36 0.10 6.19 0.13 8.69 w/3 Modules w/4 Modules 35.00 0.36 11.07 0.50 14.74 40.00 0.32 10.96 0.43 14.25 45.00 0.27 10.86 0.37 13.76 50.00 0.26 10.68 0.33 13.60 55.00 0.24 10.50 0.30 13.44 60.00 0.22 10.60 0.28 13.30 65.00 0.21 10.71 0.26 13.17 70.00 0.20 10.66 0.24 13.43 75.00 0.19 10.61 0.23 13.69 80.00 0.19 10.77 0.22 13.81 85.00 0.19 10.94 0.21 13.94 90.00 0.18 11.11 0.21 14.07 1 3. SMI System Design SMI 8-Port Power Consumption* 91 Housing Only w/1 Module w/2 Modules Volts Current Watts Current Watts Current Watts 35.00 0.18 5.25 0.26 7.81 0.36 10.33 40.00 0.17 5.20 0.24 7.79 0.32 10.36 45.00 0.15 5.15 0.21 7.77 0.28 10.40 50.00 0.14 5.27 0.20 7.89 0.26 10.50 55.00 0.13 5.40 0.19 8.02 0.25 10.61 60.00 0.13 5.48 0.18 8.23 0.23 10.71 65.00 0.13 5.57 0.18 8.44 0.22 10.82 70.00 0.13 5.85 0.17 8.63 0.22 11.08 75.00 0.13 6.13 0.17 8.82 0.21 11.34 80.00 0.13 6.44 0.16 9.12 0.21 11.66 85.00 0.13 6.76 0.16 9.43 0.21 11.98 90.00 0.13 7.08 0.16 9.74 0.20 12.31 w/3 Modules w/4 Modules w/5 Modules 35.00 0.44 12.92 0.57 16.74 0.67 19.78 40.00 0.40 12.92 0.50 16.24 0.58 19.29 45.00 0.35 12.92 0.43 15.75 0.50 18.80 50.00 0.50 18.80 0.50 18.80 0.46 18.71 55.00 0.30 12.96 0.36 15.65 0.42 18.63 60.00 0.28 13.11 0.34 15.77 0.39 18.71 65.00 0.27 13.27 0.32 15.90 0.37 18.80 70.00 0.26 13.56 0.30 16.03 0.36 19.01 75.00 0.25 13.86 0.29 16.17 0.35 19.22 80.00 0.24 14.10 0.28 16.31 0.33 19.46 85.00 0.23 14.35 0.26 16.45 0.31 19.70 90.00 0.23 14.60 0.25 16.59 0.30 19.95 3. SMI System Design 1 8-Port Power Consumption* SMI 92 w/6 Modules w/7 Modules w/8 Modules Current Watts Current Watts Current Watts Volts 0.80 22.58 0.87 25.73 0.97 28.81 35.00 0.71 22.39 0.75 25.12 0.84 27.96 40.00 0.62 22.20 0.64 24.52 0.71 27.11 45.00 0.57 22.02 0.58 24.18 0.65 26.84 50.00 0.52 21.84 0.53 23.84 0.59 26.57 55.00 0.48 21.68 0.50 23.86 0.55 26.81 60.00 0.45 21.53 0.47 23.89 0.51 27.05 65.00 0.44 21.70 0.45 24.10 0.49 27.02 70.00 0.43 21.88 0.43 24.31 0.47 26.99 75.00 0.41 22.09 0.41 24.53 0.45 27.21 80.00 0.39 22.30 0.39 24.76 0.44 27.43 85.00 0.37 22.51 0.38 24.99 0.43 27.66 90.00 1 4. SMI Installation Guidelines SMI Required tools and accessories 93 The table below lists the typical tools and accessories required for a safe installation process. Item Used for Torque wrench (in.-lbs and ft-lbs) Tightening the closure bolts and all screws Flatblade screwdriver, 0.187 in. Tightening seizure block screws maximum blade width Phillips-head screwdriver Tightening power supply retainer screws and subscriber module retainer screws 7/16 in. open-end wrench Tightening subscriber drop output F-connectors Coring tool or equivalent Preparing the feeder cable for connection to feeder port Hard-line connectors, Connecting the feeder cable to feeder port 5/8 in. standard threads Adjustable crescent wrench, size Tightening of hard-line connectors appropriate for hard-line to feeder port connector (You may need two wrenches, one for each end of the connector, depending on the connector type.) Propane torch or equivalent with Shrinking environmental protection heat shrink boot or fittings, and around connector environmentally protective tape Caution: Propane torch should not be used on drop cable. RF signal level meter Measuring input and output levels Hand-held digital multimeter Measuring test point voltages 4. SMI Installation Guidelines SMI 1 During installation, it is important you make the proper electrical connec- 94 tions and ensure the unit closes securely to prevent water damage. We recommend you review the “Key items to remember” below during an initial installation or upon subsequent opening and closing of the inter- diction housing. Key items to remember: • Splicing: - When splicing the hard-line cable into the interdiction housing, make sure the “stinger” in the hard-line body connector is cut in accordance with the appropriate “strip” guide adjacent to each port on the housing. CAUTION: Each port requires a different stinger length. • Tightening: - Use a calibrated torque wrench to tighten each nut, bolt, and connector according to the specifications listed in the following bullets. - Tighten the hard-line connector & stinger between 10 ft-lbs & 15 ft-lbs. - Tighten the seizure block screws between 9 in.-lbs and 11 in.-lbs. Make sure not to tighten these screws until you tighten the hard-line connector first. - Tighten the capture screws on the subscriber modules between 9 in.-lbs and 11 in.-lbs. - In an aerial-mounted unit, tighten the strand clamp bolts between 5 ft-lbs and 7 ft-lbs. - Tighten closure bolts between 5 ft-lbs and 7 ft-lbs in the appropriate sequence for both the 4-port & 8-port units. See the illustrations on the following page. 1 4. SMI Installation Guidelines SMI Torque Patterns 95

4-PORT Start Here 1 3

4 2

8-PORT Start Here 1 3

5

6

4 2 4. SMI Installation Guidelines 1 SMI Mounting Configurations SMI 96 There are two mounting configurations available for all 4-port and 8- port interdiction housings: • Strand-mounted The feeder cable enters one end of the unit and exits the opposite end. The unit has two strand clamps with bolts and uses a standard cable strand for mounting. • Pedestal-mounted The feeder cable enters and exits the unit on the same end. Key items to remember • Seizure board position can confirm mounting type: - The seizure board position is determined prior to shipment by the model code and part number. See “Strand-mount illustration (4-port)” and “Pedestal-mount illustration (4-port)” on the following pages. Note: We recommend you not handle the seizure board during installation. Repositioning the seizure board may affect the SMI unit’s performance. • Housing position may be modified: - Notice the housing has hinges on either side allowing you to modify for easy install. Depending on the type of installation, you may have to rotate the housing bottom, which holds the subscriber module, to place the drop-port connections in the best position for cable routing and maintenance. 1 4. SMI Installation Guidelines SMI SMI Mounting Configurations 97 • Feeder Cable Direction: - The two SMI unit seizure blocks are indicated in the figures below as J1 and J2. The recommended feeder direction of the SMI unit is with J1 as the Input Port and J2 as the Output Port 1. When either RF or AC is being terminated at the unit, the unit MUST have J1 as the input port (for more information see “Balancing and Alignment”). Otherwise, when neither the RF or AC is being terminated, the SMI units may have J2 as the Input Port if required for mounting purposes. NOTE: The directional coupler board is silk screened with an arrow which identifies the direction of signal flow (from the Input port to the Output port). Pedestal mount illustration (4-port)

DED MEN OM REC

J2 J1 J2 J1 Thru In In Thru Foward Foward Foward Foward Signal Signal Signal Signal 4. SMI Installation Guidelines 1 SMI Mounting Configurations SMI 98

Strand-mount illustration (4-port)

ED Signal ND Forward Direction ME OM Signal REC

J2 J1 Thru In

Forward Signal Signal Direction

J2 J1 In Thru 1 4. SMI Installation Guidelines SMI Balancing and Alignment 99 The distribution system design determines the initial selection of DC and EQ values. The actual feeder levels, however, may be different at the time of installation. To ensure the unit operates normally despite variations in feeder levels, it is recommended to balance each unit in the field using proper balancing techniques. Remember, the SMI unit has an AGC with a range of ±4.5 dB. Key items to remember • Locating P5 jumper: - The P5 jumper is stored during shipping in the DC pin holes on the seizure board. Find and remove this jumper; then, set it aside to use later. The key steps in • Determining actual signal level: balancing & aligning the unit are: - At the feeder input of the interdiction device, plug a -20 dB 1. Measure input levels test connector, part number with test connector (P/N) 376602, in place of the 2. Determine DC & EQ DC and measure the level at values with slide channel 2, 55.25 MHz and either cards & install channel 78, 562.25 MHz or 3. Verify unit set up by channel 116, 745.25 MHz. measuring AGC Add 20 dB to the measured voltage levels to compensate for 4. Measure output the attenuation in the test connector. levels 4. SMI Installation Guidelines 1 Balancing and Alignment SMI 100 • Determining actual signal level (continued): The minimum input level The minimum input level for a 4-port unit is: for an 8-port unit is: 17.0 dBmV @ 51 MHz 20.5 dBmV @ 51 MHz 23.0 dBmV @ 550 MHz 26.5 dBmV @ 550 MHz 24.0 dBmV @ 650 MHz 27.5 dBmV @ 650 MHz 25.0 dBmV @ 750 MHz 28.5 dBmV @ 750 MHz • Determining the correct DC and EQ value: - Use the appropriate DC and EQ reference cards, P/N 570201 for the 8-port or P/N 570202 for the 4-port, to determine the correct values that correspond to your system design. Contact Blonder Tongue if you do not have these cards. • The correct DC ensures that proper levels are present at the input to the AGC network. • The correct EQ ensures you achieve the proper uptilt to match the tilt of the jamming carriers. • Removing and replacing the seizure board cover: - Do not remove the seizure board cover until you are ready to move jumpers. - Make sure to replace the seizure board cover before you plug-in a DC and EQ. 1 4. SMI Installation Guidelines SMI Balancing and Alignment 101 The SMI unit has a series of jumpers whose position is determined by the RF and AC status of the unit. The selection of DC determines the RF status: values 0, 1, 2, or 3 dB are terminating and the remaining DCs (4-31.5 dB) are non-terminating DCs.

3

1 2PS

4

Scenario 1 Scenario 2 Scenario 3 Scenario 4 DC Value 4-31.5 dB 4-31.5 dB 4-31.5 dB 0, 1, 2, 3 dB AC Termination No Yes Yes Yes RF Termination No No Yes - Add 75 Yes - DC Ohm Term Term Input Seizure Block J1 or J2 J1 Only J1 Only J1 Only Jumper Configuration P1 - Leave P1 - Leave P1 - Pull P1 - Pull P2 - Leave P2 - Pull P2 - Leave P2 - Leave P5 - Discard P5 - Discard P5 - Install P5 - Install

• With a non-terminating DC (4-31.5 dB), determine which of the first three scenarios applies: 1) Scenario 1 - Both Power and RF are required at the feeder output: • Leave both the P1 and P2 jumpers in place on the seizure board. • Discard the P5 jumper. • J1 or J2 = Input or Output 4. SMI Installation Guidelines 1 Balancing and Alignment SMI 102 2) Scenario 2 - RF is required at the feeder output for the next unit in the cascade, but there is insufficient AC current to power the next unit: • Leave P1 jumper in place. • Remove the P2 jumper from the seizure board to block AC from the feeder output. Another power source must provide AC to the next unit in cascade. • Discard the P5 jumper. • J1 = Input; J2 = Output. 3) Scenario 3 - The unit is the “end-of-line“: • Remove P1 jumper. • Leave P2 jumper in place. • Install P5 jumper. • J1 = Input; J2 = Output. • Install a 75 W terminating output connector. 4) Scenario 4 - With a terminating DC (0, 1, 2, 3 dB): • Remove the P1 jumper on the seizure board to prevent AC current from reaching the feeder. • Leave the P2 jumper in place. • Install the P5 jumper into the appropriate place marked P5 on the seizure board. Remember, you previously removed P5 from the DC pin holes. • J1 = Input; J2 = Output. 1 4. SMI Installation Guidelines SMI Balancing and Alignment 103 • Installing the DC and EQ: - Plug the DC and EQ into the appropriate places on the seizure board. The silk-screen arrow on the DC should point in the same direction as the signal flow. • Measuring the AGC voltage: - Make sure to measure the AGC voltage at TP 3*. A measurement between 7.0 V DC and 8.4 V DC indicates the AGC is in the optimal range. • If the AGC voltage measurement is higher, add “1” to the original feeder input level values. • If the AGC voltage measurement is lower, subtract “1” from the original feeder input level values. Note: You determined the original feeder input values in the second bullet of this section. Use the DC and EQ charts, P/N 570201 for the 8-port or P/N 570202 for the 4-port, to select a new DC and EQ value. Plug in and re-measure the AGC voltage at TP3. Repeat this activity until you achieve the optimal AGC range. *Note: To identify TP3, look for the silk-screened reference indicator. See the “Motherboard illustration (4-port)” later in this section. 4. SMI Installation Guidelines 1 Balancing and Alignment SMI 104 • Measuring the subscriber module output level: - Measure the level at the subscriber module output. The level at the output should measure: • 10.0 dBmV ± 0.5 dB @ 51 MHz • 16.0 dBmV ± 0.5 dB @ 550 MHz • 17.0 dBmV ± 0.5 dB @ 650 MHz • 18.0 dBmV ± 0.5 dB @ 750 MHz

Seizure Board illustration (4-port)

J5 Seizure Block Equalizer

J4 Seizure Block

Directional Coupler J1 Seizure Block

P1 Power Jumper P5 Terminating Jumper J2 Seizure Block P2 Power Jumper

Above is an illustration of a seizure board in a 4-port SMI unit with a strand configuration. In a pedestal configuration, the seizure board position is oriented 90 degrees counterclockwise. 1 4. SMI Installation Guidelines SMI Balancing and Alignment 105 Below is an illustration of a motherboard in a 4-port SMI unit. The 8-port unit (not illustrated) contains two 4-port mother-boards. Motherboard illustration (4-port)

G-Male RF Motherboard Connectors to Subscriber Module Power Supply

TP3 AGC Edge Card G-Female Voltage Connectors for Connectors to Subscriber Drop Port Modules

The key steps in balancing & aligning the unit are: 1. Measure input levels with test connector 2. Determine DC & EQ values with slide cards & install 3. Verify unit set up by measuring AGC voltage 4. Measure output levels 4. SMI Installation Guidelines 1 Passing Power to the Home SMI 106 Some 750 MHz SMI units and subscriber modules are capable of pass- ing 37-90 V AC power to each subscriber port. This capability provides power to a telephony or data network interface unit (NIU)/customer interface unit (CIU) such as NORTEL CORNERSTONE or TELLABS... In order to pass power to the home, you must use a power passing subscriber module, a 750 MHz housing equipped with a power passing power supply and have a CIU in place. If you have the first two compo- nents and a CIU is not in place, power passes directly to the sub- scriber’s TV or VCR causing damage. Important! To avoid damaging the subscriber’s TV or VCR when no CIU is in place, use the following table to determine which subscriber module to install. Your selection is based on which 750 MHz housing/power supply combination you have.

If 750 MHz housing is You can use... equipped with a... non-power passing any subscriber module. power supply, power passing P/N 564265 (without optional power supply, power passing jumper installed), or P/N 566024 (no power passing capability). 1 4. SMI Installation Guidelines SMI Passing Power to the Home 107 The following are some key items to remember about passing power to the home: • If a CIU is not in the home: - Make sure during installation that power is not present at the subscriber port. Use the proper 750 MHz housing/power supply/subscriber module combination so not to pass power. • If a CIU is in the home: - Power passes from the subscriber port to the CIU, so install the optional power passing jumper P/N 568839 in the direction indicated on the subscriber module P/N 564265.

Caution: If no CIU is present at the subscriber drop, do not install a power passing subscriber ! module in a 750 MHz housing equipped with a power passing power supply or severe damage to the subscribers TV or VCR may result. 4. SMI Installation Guidelines 1 Passing Power to Unused Feeder Ports SMI 108 The 750 MHz interdiction housings are capable of passing power to the unused feeder port. The available port depends on whether the mount- ing configuration is strand or pedestal. Key items to remember • If you have a: - strand-mounted unit: • Loosen (J4) seizure block screw. - pedestal-mounted unit: • Find (J5) seizure block; then locate the hard-line tube connected to J5 seizure block. Loosen the seizure block screw located at the opposite end of the hard-line tube from J5 seizure block. • Installing the hard-line connector: - Make sure you place the hard-line connector (stinger) into the unused feeder port and tighten between 10 ft-lbs and 15 ft-lbs. • Tightening: - Make sure you re-tighten the seizure block screw (J4 or J5) between 9 in.-lbs and 11 in.-lbs.

Caution: Keep AC power off the feeder cable during ! installation of any line equipment. 5. SMI Unit Activation 1 SMI 109 The SMI unit has factory default parameters that immediately activate all ports upon initial installation. There are no jamming frequencies assigned at the factory. This allows the full spec- trum of channels to pass, “in the clear,” to the subscriber drop port once you install a subscriber module. The subscriber module will pass signal to the subscriber port “in the clear” until the iCentral authorizes the subscriber module with the appropriate level of service. Once you install both the interdiction unit and subscriber module and turn on the AC, the refresh timer starts. The factory default is 25 days. Important!: You must activate at least one subscriber port within the refresh timer period or all subscriber ports deactivate. Key items to remember • Subscriber module installation location and sequence: - Install the subscriber module into the appropriate port location. We recommend you install each subscriber module in sequence. • Serial numbers and port addresses: - Report the proper serial number and port address to ensure authorization. The first 9 digits correspond to the serial number. The last 7 digits correspond to the hexadecimal address, which the iCentral uses to communicate to each subscriber port. - Make sure the address matches the port used in the installation. 5. SMI Unit Activation SMI 1 • Subscriber modules and port locations: 110

- During an installation, always start with port 1 for the first subscriber module installation, port 2 for the second module, and so on. • Authorization: - Make sure the Customer Service Representative (CSR) authorizes the port address with the proper level of service. 1 5. SMI Unit Activation SMI Reverse Path Activation 111 The subscriber module when installed in a 750 MHz housing is capable of returning reverse signals from a CIU. The subscriber module supports either 5-30 MHz or 5-40 MHz return. The subscriber module that supports 5-40 MHz return also provides independent addressable on/off control of the reverse path for each subscriber port. Key items to remember • Activating the reverse path: - When activating the reverse path for an individual subscriber, make sure you clip the lead of the 75 Ω terminating resistor located on the reverse combiner board to allow passage of reverse signals. You will find the reverse combiner board located directly above the motherboard, held with two screws, and next to the power supply. Each subscriber port has a 75 Ω terminating resistor. - Make sure you plug-in the reverse path cable connector from the reverse combiner board into the rear of the subscriber module. • Measuring the output level of the reverse path signal: - Remove the DC and plug in the -20 dB test connector P/N 376602 and verify return path level (-10.5/14.5 for 4/8 pin unit). • Enabling reverse path: - Make sure the central control computer enables the reverse path switch for subscriber module P/N 564265 where appropriate. • Subscriber module removal: - If you remove a subscriber module, make sure you resolder the lead of the 75 W terminating resistor located on the reverse combiner board. All sub modules support 5-30 unswitched passive return except 564265.Part number 564265 supports switched 5-40 MHz return. 6. SMI Troubleshooting SMI 1 The SMI unit has several diagnostic indicators that provide feedback if 112 there is a failure or someone tampers with the unit. The indicators are video flashes on the subscriber’s television followed by a period of dis- connect. These indicators continue indefinitely until you take the appro- priate troubleshooting action. The information below lists the diagnos- tic indicator and the following information about them: • Conditions • Indicators • Subscriber ports affected • Action that resolves the condition Key items to remember • TAMPER--1 flash - With the tamper feature enabled, a tamper condition occurs when there is unauthorized entry into the interdiction unit. This condition: • Affects all subscribers ports • Results in all subscriber ports disconnecting and one flash of video every 9 seconds • Continues flashing in this disconnect state until the addressable control computer secures and refreshes the unit An addressable tamper override function in the central control computer allows the system operator to override the tamper condition for authorized entry. 6. SMI Troubleshooting 1 SMI 113 • REFRESH TIMER--2 flashes - The refresh timer condition occurs when the interdiction unit does not receive at least one valid addressable command within the refresh timer limit. This condition: • Affects all subscriber ports • Results in all subscriber ports disconnecting and two flashes of video every 9 seconds • Continues flashing in the disconnect state until the unit receives an addressed transaction for one of the subscriber ports The refresh timer period is a global system parameter defined from 3 to 25 days. The factory default is 25 days. The central control computer automatically schedules periodic authorized channel refreshes to ensure units are addressed at least twice within the refresh timer period. • VCO FAILURE--4 flashes - The VCO failure condition occurs when any or all of the five VCOs within a subscriber module fail self-calibration. This condition: • Affects only subscriber modules that fail self-calibration • Results in all failed subscriber modules disconnecting with four flashes of video every 9 seconds • Continues flashing until the VCO passes self-calibration or you replace the defective subscriber module The VCO re-calibration period can be set between 1 and 15 minutes. Factory default is 2 minutes. 7. SMI Jamming Worksheet 1 SMI Interdiction SMI Oscillators SLOTS PROGRAM CH DWELL # 134567892 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 114 # TIME OFF-AIR 2 OFF-AIR 3 OFF-AIR 4 OFF-AIR 5 OFF-AIR 6 14 1 15 1 16 1 17 1 18 1 19 1 20 1 21 1 22 1 OFF-AIR 7 OFF-AIR 8 OFF-AIR 9 OFF-AIR 10 OFF-AIR 11 OFF-AIR 12 OFF-AIR 13 2 23 2 24 2 25 2 26 2 27 2 28 2 29 2 30 2 31 2 32 2 33 2 34 2 35 3 36 3 37 3 38 3 39 3 40 3 41 3 42 3 43 3 44 3 45 3 7. SMI Jamming Worksheet 1 SMI SMI Interdiction 115 Oscillators SLOTS PROGRAM CH DWELL # 134567892 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 # TIME 46 3 47 3 48 4 49 4 50 4 51 4 52 4 53 4 54 4 55 4 56 4 57 4 58 4 59 4 60 4 61 4 62 4 63 4 64 5 65 5 66 5 67 5 68 5 69 5 70 5 71 5 72 5 73 5 74 5 75 5 76 5 77 5 78 5 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 USEFUL TECHNICAL DATA The Decibel The decibel (dB) provides a means of representing large power ratios 2 as manageable, small numbers, and allows the overall gains and losses in a module or a network to be calculated by addition and subtraction, 1 rather than by multiplication and division. The original unit is the Bel (named after Alexander Graham Bell). The decibel is one-tenth of a Bel. The power ratio of two power measure- ments is calculated as follows:

Ratio of power P1 to power P2, in dB: P dB = 10 ¥ log 1 P2

The power ratio of two voltage measurements is calculated as follows: Power ratio of voltage V1 to voltage V2, in dB: V dB = 20 ¥ log 1 V2

Voltage Confusion dBmV and dBµV expressions of power contain an upper case V. This does not mean they are expressions of voltage. They are expressions of power. When all the power scales (dBm, dBmV and dBµV) are laid next to each other, it is easy to see that each track on a dB for dB basis (see section 6; pages 2 and 3). Power Conversions dBmV A power measurement of ‘x dBmV’ indicates that a particular signal is x dB greater than (‘above’) 1 millivolt in 75 ohms. A negative 2 dBmV value indicates that the signal is x dB less than (‘below’) 2 1 millivolt in 75 ohms. To convert x millivolts to dBmV: dBmV = 20 log (x millivolts) dBµV Similarly, a measurement of ‘x dBµV’ indicates that the signal is x dB above one microvolt in 75 ohms. To convert x microvolts to dBµV: dBµV = 20 log (x microvolts)

To convert dBmV to dBµV, add 60 to the dBmV reading: x dBµV = x dBmV + 60 dBm A measurement of ‘x dBm’ indicates that a particular signal is x dB greater than (‘above’) 1 milliwatt. A negative dBm value indicates that the signal is x dB less than (‘below’) 1 milliwatt. To convert x milliwatts to dBm: dBm = 10 log (x milliwatts) Power Conversion (continued) A power level, in dBmV, can be converted directly to power in dBm, if the impedance, Z. is known: 2 To convert x dBmV directly to dBm: 3 x 10 dBm = 10 ¥ log 10 Z ¥ 1000

The inverse operation is also possible if impedance is known: To convert dBm directly to dBmV: x 10 dBmV = 10 ¥ log Z ¥ 1000 ¥ 10

Impedance Mismatch It frequently happens that the input impedance of a measuring device (spectrum analyzer; field strength meter, etc.) does not match the impedance of the system under test. In such a case, a correction must be made to the reading displayed on the instrument. Z Correction (in dB) = 10 ¥ log i Z s

Where Zi is the impedance of the instrument, and Zs is the impedance of the system under test. STANDARD RESISTOR COLOR CODES AND VALUES FIRST SECOND MULTIPLICATION BLACK =0 BLACK =0 SILVER MULTIPLY BY 0.01 BROWN =1 BROWN =1 GOLD MULTIPLY BY 0.1 2 RED =2 RED =2 BLACK MULTIPLY BY 1 ORANGE =3 ORANGE =3 BROWN MULTIPLE BY 10 YELLOW =4 YELLOW =4 RED MULTIPLY BY 100 4 GREEN =5 GREEN =5 ORANGE MULTIPLY BY 1000 BLUE =6 BLUE =6 YELLOW MULTIPLY BY 10000 VIOLET =7 VIOLET =7 GREEN MULTIPLY BY 100000 GRAY =8 GRAY =8 BLUE MULTIPLY BY 1000000 WHITE =9 WHITE =9 TOLERANCE GOLD = ± 5% Insulated SILVER = ± 10% Resistor Body NOBAND = ± 20%

± 5% Standard Resistor Values (Ω) Commonly available values. Values from 10 Ω to 22 MΩ by powers of 10. 1.0* 1.8* 3.3* 5.6* 1.1 2.0* 3.6 6.2 1.2* 2.2 3.9* 6.8* 1.3 2.4 4.3 7.5 1.5* 2.7* 4.7* 8.2 1.6 3.0 5.1 9.1 ±1% Standard Resistor Values (Ω) Values from 10 Ω to 22 MΩ by powers of 10. 10.0 13.3 17.8 23.7 31.6 42.2 56.2 75.0 10.2 13.7 18.2 24.3 32.4 43.2 57.6 76.8 10.5 14.0 18.7 24.9 33.2 44.2 59.0 78.7 10.7 14.3 19.1 25.5 34.0 45.3 60.4 80.6 11.0 14.7 19.6 26.1 34.8 46.4 61.9 82.5 11.3 15.0 20.0 26.7 35.7 47.5 63.4 84.5 11.5 15.4 20.5 27.4 36.5 48.7 64.9 86.6 11.8 15.8 21.0 28.0 37.4 49.9 66.5 88.7 12.1 16.2 21.5 28.7 38.3 51.1 68.1 90.9 12.4 16.5 22.1 29.4 39.2 52.3 69.8 93.1 12.7 16.9 22.6 30.1 40.2 53.6 71.5 95.3 13.0 17.4 23.2 30.9 41.2 54.9 73.2 97.6 SYSTEM CALCULATIONS Carrier/Cross Modulation (XM) 1. Cross Modulation for One Amplifier at Operating Level:

XM = XM +2 (Output Level - Reference Level) 3 REF

1 2. To Sum Identical Cross Modulation Ratios:

XMS = XM -20 ¥ log10 N

See charts & example (pages 3.13, 3.14, 3.15). 3. To Sum Different Cross Modulation Ratios:

-XM1 -XM2 -XMn 20 20 20 XM = -20 ¥ log10 10 +10 +10

See example (page 3.13). 4. Cross Modulation vs Channel Loading

Channel Loadnew -1 XMS = 20 ¥ log10 Channel Loadref -1

XM = Cross Modulation Ratio, expressed as a negative (-) number. Rule: 1 dB change of the output of an amplifier will change the cross modulation by 2 dB. Rule: For every double the number of amplifiers with identical cross modulation there is a 6 dB degradation in the total cross modulation. SYSTEM CALCULATIONS Carrier/Composite Triple Beat (CTB) 1. Composite Triple Beat for One Amplifier at Operating Level:

CTB = CTBREF +2 (Output Level - Reference Level) 3 2. To Sum Identical Composite Triple Beat Ratios: 2 CTBS = CTB - 20 log10 N See charts & example (pages 3.13, 3.14, 3.15). 3. To Sum Different Composite Triple Beat Ratios:

-CTB1 -CTB2 -CTBn 20 20 20 CTBS = -20 log10 10 +10 +10

See example (page 3.13). 4. Composite Triple Beat vs Channel Loading:

Beat Qtynew ∆CTB = 10 log10 Beat Qtyref

A 1 dB change of the output of an amplifier will change the CTB ratio by 2 dB. For every double the number of amplifiers with identical CTB, there is a 6 dB degradation in the total CTB ratio. SYSTEM CALCULATIONS Carrier/Single Second Order Distortion (C/SSO) 1. Single Second Order Beat for One Amplifier at Operating Level:

SSO = SSOREF +(Output Level - Reference Level) 3 2. To Sum Identical SSO Ratios: 3 SSOS = SSO - 10 ¥ log10 N See charts & example (pages 3.13, 3.14, 3.15). 3. To Sum Different SSO Ratios:

-SSO1 -SSO2 -SSOn 10 10 10 SSOS = -10 log10 10 +10 +10

See page 3.13 for explanation. A 1 dB change of the output of an amplifier will change SSO by 1 dB. The 10 log assumptions shown here for second order are conservative. Some engineers use 13 log or 15 log assumptions. SYSTEM CALCULATIONS Carrier/Composite Second Order Distortion (C/CSO)

1. Composite Second Order for One Amplifier at Operating Level: 3 CSO = CSOREF +(Output Level - Reference Level) 4 2. To Sum Identical CSO Ratios:

CSOS = CSO - 15 ¥ log10 N

See charts & example (pages 3.13, 3.14, 3.15). 3. To Sum Different CSO Ratios:

-CSO1 -CSO2 -CSOn 15 15 15 CSOS = -15 log10 10 +10 +10

See example (page 3.13). 4. CSO vs Channel Loading:

CSO Beat Qtynew ∆CSO = 10 log10 CSO Beat Qtyref

A 1 dB change of the output of an amplifier will change CSO by 1 dB. SYSTEM CALCULATIONS Composite Intermodulation Noise (CIN)

It is assumed that CIN is dominated by 3rd order distortion (CIN3). This is the case in systems with analog television 3 channels to 550 MHz and digital video above 550 MHz.

5 1. Composite Intermodulation Noise for One Amplifier at Operating Level.

CIN = CINREF +2 (Output Level - Reference Level) 2. To Sum Identical Composite Intermodulation Noise Ratios:

CINS = CIN - 20 log10 N See charts & example (pages 3.13, 3.14, 3.15). 3. To Sum Different Composite Intermodulation Noise Ratios: See page 3.13 for example.

-CIN1 -CIN2 -CIN3 20 20 20 CINS = - 20 log10 10 +10 +10

4. To Sum Carrier/Noise and Composite Intermodulation Ratios: -C -CIN /N 20 20 C/Ns = 10 log10 10 +10

Rule: CIN behaves like CTB in a cascade of amplifiers, but it adds to the C/N noise. SYSTEM CALCULATIONS Carrier/Hum Modulation (C/H)

1. To Sum Identical Carrier/Hum Ratios:

C/HS = C/H - 20 ¥ log10 N 3

See charts & example (pages 3.13, 3.14, 3.15). 6 2. To Sum Different Carrier/Hum Ratios:

-C/H1 -C/H2 -C/Hn 20 20 20 C/HS = - 20 ¥ log10 10 +10 +10

See page 3.13 for example. Note: Above calculations assume connection of all power supplies to the same powerline phase.

3. To Convert Percent Hum to C/H Ratio:

C/H (dB) = 20 ¥ log % Hum 10 100

4. To Convert C/H Ratio to % Hum:

-C/H 20 Percent Hum = 10 ¥ 100 SYSTEM CALCULATIONS Carrier/Noise

1. The Carrier/Noise contribution of a single amplifier when the Noise Figure (NF) is known: 3 C/No = Input Level + 59.4 - NF 7 2. To Sum Identical Carrier/Noise Ratios:

C/No = C/N -10 ¥ log10N

See charts & example (pages 3.13, 3.14, 3.15) 3. To Sum Different Carrier/Noise Ratios:

C C C - /N1 - /N2 - /Nn 10 10 10 C/NS = -10 ¥ log10 10 +10 +10

See page 3.13 for example. 4. Carrier/Noise Ratio vs Bandwidth:

Bandwidthnew ∆C/N = 10 ¥ log10

Bandwidthref N = Number of equal contributors NF = Noise Figure G = Gain -59.4 = Thermal Noise in 4 MHz Bandwidth (dBmV) Rule: For every 1 dB increase in input signal level, the C/N improves by 1 dB. For every double the number of amplifiers with identical Carrier/Noise Ratios there is a degradation of 3 dB in the total C/N. SYSTEM CALCULATIONS TVRO FORMULAS

1. System Gain Over Temperature G/T = Ag -10 Log (AT + LNAT) 3 Ag = Antenna Gain (dB) AT = Antenna Temperature (˚K) 8 LNAT = Low Noise Amp Temperature (˚K) 2. Carrier to Noise Ratio* C/N = G/T + EIRP -43

3. C/N for other RxBw 30 C/N = (10 Log ) X

4. Convert C/N to S/N* S/N = C/N +38

5. Declination Angle (Polar Mount Antenna)

-1 3964 SIN L Declination = tan 22300 + 3964 (1-cos L)

3964 = Radius of the Earth 22300 = Distance to Satellite Arc L = Site Latitude * RxBw = 30 MHz SYSTEM CALCULATIONS AZIMUTH AND ELEVATION ANGLES Antenna pointing angles can be calculated in degrees from true north from the following equations:

-1 3 Azimuth Angle = cos [-tanΦ/ tan Y] 9

Elevation Angle = tan-1 [(cos Y -0.15116)/ sin Y]

Y = cos-1 [cosΦ cos∆]

where ∆ is the absolute value of the difference between satellite and TVRO site longitudes and Φ is the site latitude.

NOISE TEMPERATURE & NOISE FIGURE Noise Noise Noise Noise Figure Temperature Figure Temperature (dB) (ûK) (dB) (ûK) 2.0 170 0.9 67 1.9 159 0.8 59 1.8 149 0.7 51 1.7 139 0.6 43 1.6 129 0.5 35 1.5 120 0.4 28 1.4 110 0.3 21 1.3 101 0.2 14 1.2 92 0.1 7 1.1 84 00 1.0 75 SYSTEM CALCULATIONS DETERMINING ACCEPTABLE PEAK-TO-VALLEY DEVIATION

To determine what degree of overall peak-to-valley deviation is acceptable for the Nth amplifier in a cascade, use this formula. 3 X (in dB) = N +1 10 10 Where x is equal to the acceptable P-V deviation and, N = number of amplifiers in cascade.

For example, what is the maximum acceptable peak-to- valley deviation at the 32nd amplifier in a cascade? X = 32 +1 = 4.2 dB 10

Thus, 4.2 dB is the maximum acceptable peak-to-valley deviation (highest peak to lowest valley in the broadband signal) at the 32nd amplifier. SYSTEM CALCULATIONS AMPLIFIER CASCADE FACTOR C/N + SSO CSO CTB & XMOD CASCADE (N) 10*LOG(N) 15*LOG(N) 20*LOG(N) 1 0.00 0.00 0.00 3 2 3.01 4.52 6.02 3 4.77 7.16 9.54 11 4 6.02 9 03 12.04 5 6.99 10.48 13.98 6 7.78 11.67 15.56 7 8.45 12.68 16.90 8 9.03 13.55 18.06 9 9.54 14.31 19.08 10 10.00 15.00 20.00 11 10.41 15.62 20.83 12 10.79 16.19 21.58 13 11.14 16.71 22.28 14 11.46 17.19 22.92 15 11.76 17.64 23.52 16 12.04 18.06 24.08 17 12.30 18.46 24.61 18 12.55 18.83 25.11 19 12.79 19.18 25.58 20 13.01 19.52 26.02 21 13.22 19.83 26.44 22 13.42 20.14 26.85 23 13.62 20.43 27.23 24 13.80 20.70 27.60 25 13.98 20.97 27.96 SYSTEM CALCULATIONS AMPLIFIER CASCADE FACTOR

The Amplifier Cascade Factor Chart (on previous page) is used to predict performance considering the contribution of various numbers of amplifiers. It assumes that all amplifiers are operated at the same level (input level for noise, output 3 level for distortion). This is generally the case in a Unity Gain Based System. 12 Example: What is the trunk CTB after 13 trunk amplifiers? Given: 1 Single trunk amplifier CTB specification is 87 dB @ 32 dBmV flat (from Manufacturers. specs.) 2 Trunk output is 25 dBmV, channel 2 Trunk output is 32 dBmV, channel 60 (7 dB linear tilt) Step 1 Re-rate performance of single amp based on actual operating level. Geometric tilt center = 28.5 dBmV Add .5 dB correction factor = 29 dBmV average level 32 - 29 = 3 dB x 2 (for CTB) = 6 dB 87 dB + 6 dB = 93 dB CTB @ 29 dBmV average level Step 2 Find cascade factor for CTB for 13 amps, on the chart = 22.28 dB Step 3 Subtract cascade factor from single amp operating performance 93 dB - 22.28 = 70.72 dB CTB = 70.72 dB after 13 amps SYSTEM CALCULATIONS EXAMPLE Note: Summing different ratios requires a grasp of the antilog concept. For brevity, the example shown is for CTB only, but the approach is identical for all system distortion and noise calculations.

3 Determine End Of Line CTB Given The Following: 13 10 Trunk CTB = 65 dBc 1 Bridger CTB = 60 dBc 3 Line Extender CTB = 58 dBc -65 -60 -58 20 20 20 Step 1. CTBs = 20 log (10 + 10 + 10 ) -3.25 -3.00 -2.90 Step 2. CTBs = 20 log (10 + 10 + 10 ) CTBs = 20 log (antilog -3.25 + antilog -3.00 + antilog -2.90) Note: To perform the operations in step 2, use the “inverse” log or “antilog” function on most calculators. Antilog (Inverse Log) is used to re-express the different exponent values to voltage so the amounts may be easily summed. Don’t forget the minus sign. -4 -3 -3 Step 3. CTBs = 20 log (5.62 x 10 + 1 x 10 + 1.26 x 10 ) -4 -4 -4 Step 4. CTBs = 20 log (5.62 x 10 + 10 x 10 + 12.6 x 10 ) -4 Step 5. CTBs = 20 log (28.12 x 10 ) CTB = 51 dBc

The 20 Log and 10 Log function derate charts & example on page 3.14, 3.15 & 3.16 may also be used to sum different ratios if a scientific calculator is not available. 20 LOG FUNCTION DERATE CHART (USE FOR CTB AND XMOD) diff SUBTRACTION VALUES (dB) 0.00 0.10 0.20 0.30 0.40 0.50 0.60 0.70 0.80 0.90 0 6.02 5.97 5.92 5.87 5.82 5.77 5.73 5.68 5.63 5.58 1 5.53 5.49 5.44 5.39 5.35 5.30 5.26 5.21 5.17 5.12 2 5.08 5.03 4.99 4.95 4.90 4.86 4.82 4.78 4.73 4.69 3 4.65 4.61 4.57 4.53 4.49 4.45 4.41 4.37 4.33 4.29 4 4.25 4.21 4.17 4.13 4.10 4.06 4.02 3.98 3.95 3.91 5 3.88 3.84 3.80 3.77 3.73 3.70 3.66 3.63 3.60 3.56 3 6 3.53 3.50 3.46 3.43 3.40 3.36 3.33 3.30 3.27 3.24 7 3.21 3.18 3.15 3.12 3.09 3.06 3.03 3.00 2.97 2.94 14 8 2.91 2.88 2.85 2.83 2.80 2.77 2.74 2.72 2.69 2.66 9 2.64 2.61 2.59 2.56 2.53 2.51 2.48 2.46 2.44 2.41 10 2.39 2.36 2.34 2.32 2.29 2.27 2.25 2.22 2.20 2.18 11 2.16 2.13 2.11 2.09 2.07 2.05 2.03 2.01 1.99 1.97 12 1.95 1.93 1.91 1.89 1.87 1.85 1.83 1.81 1.79 1.77 13 1.75 1.74 1.72 1.70 1.68 1.67 1.65 1.63 1.61 1.60 14 1.58 1.56 1.55 1.53 1.51 1.50 1.48 1.47 1.45 1.44 15 1.42 1.41 1.39 1.38 1.36 1.35 1.33 1.32 1.31 1.29 16 1.28 1.26 1.25 1.24 1.22 1.21 1.20 1.19 1.17 1.16 17 1.15 1.14 1.12 1.11 1.10 1.09 1.08 1.06 1.05 1.04 18 1.03 1.02 1.01 1.00 0.99 0.98 0.96 0.95 0.94 0.93 19 0.92 0.91 0.90 0.89 0.88 0.87 0.86 0.86 0.85 0.84 20 0.83 0.82 0.81 0.80 0.79 0.78 0.77 0.77 0.76 0.75 21 0.74 0.73 0.73 0.72 0.71 0.70 0.69 0.69 0.68 0.67 22 0.66 0.66 0.65 0.64 0.64 0.63 0.62 0.61 0.61 0.60 23 0.59 0.59 0.58 0.57 0.57 0.56 0.56 0.55 0.54 0.54 24 0.53 0.53 0.52 0.51 0.51 0.50 0.50 0.49 0.49 0.48 25 0.48 0.47 0.46 0.46 0.45 0.45 0.44 0.44 0.43 0.43 26 0.42 0.42 0.42 0.41 0.41 0.40 0.40 0.39 0.39 0.38 27 0.38 0.38 0.37 0.37 0.36 0.36 0.35 0.35 0.35 0.34 28 0.34 0.34 0.33 0.33 0.32 0.32 0.32 0.31 0.31 0.31 29 0.30 0.30 0.30 0.29 0.29 0.29 0.28 0.28 0.28 0.27 30 0.27 0.27 0.26 0.26 0.26 0.26 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.24 31 0.24 0.24 0.24 0.23 0.23 0.23 0.23 0.22 0.22 0.22 32 0.22 0.21 0.21 0.21 0.21 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.19 33 0.19 0.19 0.19 0.19 0.18 0.18 0.18 0.18 0.18 0.17 34 0.17 0.17 0.17 0.17 0.16 0.16 0.16 0.16 0.16 0.15 35 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.14 0.14 0.14 0.14 0.14 36 0.14 0.14 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.12 0.12 37 0.12 0.12 0.12 0.12 0.12 0.12 0.11 0.11 0.11 0.11 38 0.11 0.11 0.11 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 39 0.10 0.10 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.09 40 0.09 0.09 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08 See example on page 3.16 10 LOG FUNCTION DERATE CHART (USE FOR CNR AND SSO) diff. SUBTRACTION VALUES (dB) 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 0 3.01 2.96 2.91 2.86 2.81 2.77 2.72 2.67 2.63 2.58 1 2.54 2.50 2.45 2.41 2.37 2.32 2.28 2.24 2.20 2.16 2 2.12 2.09 2.05 2.01 1.97 1.94 1.90 1.87 1.83 1.80 3 1.76 1.73 1.70 1.67 1.63 1.60 1.57 1.54 1.51 1.48 4 1.46 1.43 1.40 1.37 1.35 1.32 1.29 1.27 1.24 1.22 3 5 1.19 1.17 1.15 1.12 1.10 1.08 1.06 1.04 1.01 0.99 6 0.97 0.95 0.93 0.91 0.90 0.88 0.86 0.84 0.82 0.81 7 0.79 0.77 0.76 0.74 0.73 0.71 0.70 0.68 0.67 0.65 15 8 0.64 0.63 0.61 0.60 0.59 0.57 0.56 0.55 0.54 0.53 9 0.51 0.50 0.49 0.48 0.47 0.46 0.45 0.44 0.43 0.42 10 0.41 0.40 0.40 0.39 0.38 0.37 0.36 0.35 0.35 0.34 11 0.33 0.32 0.32 0.31 0.30 0.30 0.29 0.28 0.28 0.27 12 0.27 0.26 0.25 0.25 0.24 0.24 0.23 0.23 0.22 0.22 13 0.21 0.21 0.20 0.20 0.19 0.19 0.19 0.18 0.18 0.17 14 0.17 0.17 0.16 0.16 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.14 0.14 0.14 15 0.14 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.12 0.12 0.12 0.12 0.11 0.11 16 0.11 0.11 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.09 17 0.09 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.07 0.07 0.07 0.07 18 0.07 0.07 0.07 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 19 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.04 20 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 21 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 22 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 23 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 24 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.01 25 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 See example on page 3.16 COMBINING TWO X-MOD OR CTB PERFORMANCE RATINGS (20 LOG) USING dB SUBTRACTION VALUES The 20 log & 10 log derate charts are used 10 Trunk CTB = 65 dBc to sum different ratios. The following 1 Bridger CTB = 60 dBc ex.ample demonstrates how: Line Extender CTB = 58 dBc Step 1 Sum Trunk and Bridger CTB 3 1.1 Find the dB difference between the two ratios (65-60=5 dB) 16 1.2 Look up the derate (dB Subtraction) for 5.0 dB difference in the chart (3.88 dB) 1.3 Derate the poorer of the two CTB ratios by this amount (60-3.9=56.1 dBc) Step 2 Sum the Sum of Trunk and Bridger from Step 1 with the line extenders 2.1 Find the dB difference between the two ratios (58-56.12=1.88) 2.2 Look up the derate (dB Subtraction) for 1.88 dB difference in the chart (5.12) (round 1.88 up to 1.9). 2.3 Derate the poorer of the two CTB ratios by this amount (56.12 - 5.12 = 51.0 dBc) Notice that this answer is the same as that arrived at on page 3.13 COMBINING TWO CNR OR SSO PERFORMANCE RATINGS (10 LOG) USING dB SUBTRACTION VALUES Example: Combine trunk and bridger CNR to find the resultant CNR at the Bridger output (no line extenders). Trunk CNR = 56.5 dB Bridger CNR = 65 dB dB difference = 65 - 56.5 = 8.5 dB dB subtraction figure = 0.6 dB Bridger output CNR = 56.5 - 0.6 = 55.9 dB So then, the resultant CNR measure is about 55.9 dB. BEAT PACKET QUANTITY 330 MHz 450 MHz 550 MHz 600 MHz 750 MHz 40 Channels 60 Channels 77 Channels 85 Channels 110 Channels Frequency CTB CSO CTB CSO CTB CSO CTB CSO CTB CSO 55.25 225 2 615 2 1104 2 1384 2 2465 2 61.25 240 2 640 2 1137 2 1421 2 2515 2 67.25 251 2 661 2 1167 2 1455 2 2561 2 77.25 36 25 56 45 73 62 81 70 106 95 83.25 36 24 56 44 73 61 81 69 106 94 121.25 368 2 868 2 1450 2 1774 2 2993 2 3 127.25 384 2 894 2 1485 2 1813 2 3044 2 133.25 398 2 918 2 1517 2 1849 2 3093 2 139.25 409 2 939 2 1547 2 1883 2 3139 2 17 145.25 420 2 960 2 1576 2 1916 2 3185 2 151.25 429 2 979 2 1604 2 1948 2 3229 2 157.25 438 2 998 2 1631 2 1979 2 3273 2 163.25 445 2 1015 2 1657 2 2009 2 3315 2 169.25 452 2 1032 2 1682 2 2038 2 3357 2 175.25 458 2 1048 2 1707 2 2067 2 3398 2 181.25 464 2 1064 2 1731 2 2095 2 3439 2 187.25 469 3 1079 3 1755 3 2123 3 3479 3 193.25 473 3 1093 3 1777 3 2149 3 3518 3 199.25 476 3 1106 3 1799 3 2175 3 3556 3 205.25 478 3 1118 3 1819 3 2199 3 3593 3 211.25 479 3 1129 3 1839 3 2223 3 3629 3 217.25 479 3 1139 3 1857 3 2245 3 3664 3 223.25 478 3 1148 3 1875 3 2267 3 3698 3 229.25 476 3 1156 3 1891 3 2287 3 3731 3 235.25 473 3 1163 3 1907 3 2307 3 3763 3 241.25 469 4 1169 4 1921 4 2325 4 3794 4 247.25 464 4 1174 4 1935 4 2343 4 3824 4 253.25 458 5 1178 5 1947 5 2359 5 3853 5 259.25 451 5 1181 5 1959 5 2375 5 3881 5 265.25 443 6 1183 6 1969 6 2389 6 3908 6 271.25 435 6 1184 6 1979 6 2403 6 3934 6 277.25 427 7 1184 7 1987 7 2415 7 3959 7 283.25 419 7 1183 7 1995 7 2427 7 3983 7 289.25 410 8 1181 8 2001 8 2437 8 4006 8 295.25 400 8 1178 8 2007 8 2447 8 4028 8 301.25 389 9 1174 9 2011 9 2455 9 4049 9 307.25 377 9 1169 9 2015 9 2463 9 4069 9 313.25 364 10 1163 10 2017 10 2469 10 4088 10 319.25 349 10 1156 10 2019 10 2475 10 4106 10 325.25 331 11 1148 11 2019 11 2479 11 4123 11 331.25 1139 11 2019 11 2483 11 4139 11 337.25 1129 12 2017 12 2485 12 4154 12 343.25 1118 12 2015 12 2487 12 4168 12 349.25 1106 13 2011 13 2487 13 4181 13 355.25 1093 13 2007 13 2487 13 4193 13 361.25 1079 14 2001 14 2485 14 4204 14 367.25 1064 14 1995 14 2483 14 4214 14 373.25 1048 15 1987 15 2479 15 4223 15 379.25 1031 15 1979 15 2475 15 4231 15 385.25 1013 16 1969 16 2469 16 4238 16 391.25 995 16 1959 16 2463 16 4244 16 397.25 977 17 1947 17 2455 17 4249 17 403.25 959 17 1935 17 2447 17 4253 17 409.25 940 18 1921 18 2437 18 4256 18 415.25 920 18 1907 18 2427 18 4258 18 Continued... FIBER OPTICS

SIECOR MIC™ CABLE FIBER IDENTIFICATION GUIDE

(SOLID) (DASHED) (STRIPED) 1 -1O 11 -20 21-30 4 1 Blue 11 Blue + Black Dash 21 Blue + Black Stripe 2 Orange 12 Orange+ Black Dash 22 Orange+ Black Stripe 1 3 Green 13 Green+ Black Dash 23 Green+ Black Stripe 4 Brown 14 Brown+ Black Dash 24 Brown+ Black Stripe 5 Slate 15 Slate+ Black Dash 25 Slate+ Black Stripe 6 White 16 White+ Black Dash 26 White+ Black Stripe 7 Red 17 Red+ Black Dash 27 Red+ Black Stripe 8 Black 18 Black+ White Dash 28 Black+ White Stripe 9 Yellow 19 Yellow+ Black Dash 29 Yellow+ Black Stripe 10 Violet 20 Violet+ Black Dash 30 Violet+ Black Stripe FIBER OPTICS

Standard Single Mode Fiber Wavelength Attenuation Dispersion 1310 nm 0.35 dB/km 3 ps/(nm•km) . 1550 nm 0.22 dB/km 19 ps/(nm•km)

Wavelength Division Multiplexers (WDM) Wavelengths 1310/1550 nm 4 Bandpass + 20 nm Insertion Loss < 0.5 dB 2 Directivity 2 60 dB

JDS Fitel Optical Connectors FC/APC Super FC/PC Insertion Loss 0.2 dB 0.2 dB Back Reflection -68 dB -45 dB FIBER OPTICS

FIBER LOSS VS PATH LENGTH Single Mode @1310 nm

4

3 FIBER LOSS (dB) 2.0 4.0 6.0 8.0 10.0 12.0 14.0 16.0 40.0 35.0 30.0 25.0 20.0 15.0 10.0 5.0 FIBER LENGTH (km) FIBER OPTICS

CONVERTING MW TO DBM Use the conversion table below, to convert milliwatts (mW) to decibel milliwatts (dBm). mW dBm mW dBm 0.1 -10.0 2.0 3.01 0.2 -6.99 3.0 4.77 4 0.3 -5.23 4.0 6.02 4 0.4 -3.97 5.0 6.99 0.5 -3.00 6.0 7.78 0.6 -2.20 7.0 8.45 0.7 -1.55 8.0 9.03 0.8 -0.96 9.0 9.54 0.9 -0.45 10.0 10.00 1.0 0.00 11.0 10.41 1.1 0.41 12.0 10.79 1.2 0.79 13.0 11.14 1.3 1.14 14.0 11.46 1.4 1.46 15.0 11.76 1.5 1.76 16.0 12.04 1.6 2.04 17.0 12.30 1.7 2.30 18.0 12.55 1.8 2.55 19.0 12.79 1.9 2.79 20.0 13.01 FIBER OPTICS TRANSMITTER/RECEIVER MATRIX Receivers 6 6 2 6 2 2 2 2 2 1 2 4 3 3 3 3 2 4 2 3 3 3 3 3

Transmitter FRDA Series (7400-xx) FIBR-S4A-860-P (7412-P) FIBR-S4A-860-PA (7412-PA) FILN-S3A-2050 (7532) FILN-S3A-2050-8 (7511-8) FILN-S3A-2050-16 (7511-16) FILN-S3A-2050-24 (7511-24) MIAR-U4T-11 (7452) MIAR-U4T-31 (7472) MIAR-U8T-11 (7451) MIAR-U8T-31 (7471) MIBR-M3T-25 (7432) MIBR-S4A-210 (7433) MIBR-S4A-415 (7425) MIBR-S4A-425 (7438) MIBR-S4A-860 (7434) SIAR-U4T-11(7452-S) SIAR-U4T-31(7472-S) SIAR-U8T-11(7451-S) SIAR-U8T-31 (7471-S) SIBR-M3T-25 (7432-S) SIBR-S4A-210 (7433-S) SIBR-S4A-415 (7425-S) SIBR-S4A-425 (7438-S) 4 FIBT-S3A-810 (7404-10) 1 X XX X FIBT-S3A-811 (7404-11) 1 X X X X 5 FIBT-S3A-812 (7404-12) 1 X X X X FIBT-S3A-819 (7404-09) 1 X X X X FIBT-S3A-886 (7403-06) 1 X XX X FIBT-S3A-887 (7403-07) 1 X XX X FIBT-S3A-888 (7403-08) 1 X XX X FILT-S3A-2050 (7531) 2 X X X X FILT-S3A-2050-8 (7501-8) 1 X X X X FILT-S3A-2050-12 (7501-12) 1 X X X X FILT-S3A-2050-16 (7501-16) 1 X X X X MIAT-M3T-11 (7442) 3 X X MIAT-M3T-31 (7462) 3 X X MIAT-M8T-11 (7441) 3 X X MIAT-M8T-31 (7461) 3 X X MIAT-S3T-11 (7443) 3 X X MIAT-S3T-31 (7463) 3 X X MIAT-S5T-11 (7444) 3 X X MIAT-S5T-31 (7473) 3 X X MIBT-M3T-25 (7422) 3 X X MIBT-S3A-210 (7423) 3 X X MIBT-S3A-415 (7424) 3 X X MIBT-S5A-425 (7428) 3 X X SIAT-M3T-11 (7442-S) 2 X X SIAT-M3T-31 (7462-S) 4 X X SIAT-M8T-11 (7441-S) 2 X X SIAT-M8T-31 (7461-S) 4 X X SIAT-S3T-11 (7443-S) 2 X X SIAT-S3T-31 (7463-S) 4 X X SIAT-S5T-11 (7444-S) 2 X X SIAT-S5T-31 (7473-S) 4 X X SIBT-M3T-25 (7422-S) 5 X X SIBT-S3A-210 (7423-S) 2 X X SIBT-S3A-415 (7424-S) 2 X X SIBT-S5A-425 (7428-S) 2 X X NOTES: (1) Power Supply Included (2) Uses Power Supply: ACCS-PS-170 (7419) Not Included (3) Uses Power Supply: MIPS-12B (7722B) Not Included (4) Uses Power Supply: ACCS-PS-200 (7418) Not Included (5) Uses Power Supply:ACCS-PS-90 (7417) Not Included (6) Powered via 60/90 VAC Power Supply FIBER OPTICS SINGLE MODE PRODUCT SELECTION TREE

Singlemode: Baseband,Broadband, or L-Band

Broadband: Baseband L-Band: 10 Ch (5-250 MHz) Video Only or Single or Multi-Output 15 Ch (5-350 MHz) Video/Audio/Audio 4 (950-2050 MHz) 25 Ch (5-350 MHz) 80 Ch (40-860 MHz) 110 Ch (40-860 MHz) 6 Single Output Trans: FILT-S3A-2050 Rcvrs: FILR-S3A-2050 Video/Audio/Audio FILN-S3A-2050-8 20 km or 70 km FILN-S3A-2050-16 10 Channel FILN-S3A-2050-24 Trans: MIBT-S3A-210 SIBT-S3A-210 Rcvrs: MIBR-S4A-210 SIBR-S4A-210 20 km Trans: MIAT-S3T-31 SIAT-S3T-31 Multi-Output: 15 Channel Rcvrs: MIAR-U4T-31 8, 12, 16, 24-Ports Trans: MIBT-S3A-415 SIAR-U4T-31 SIBT-S3A-415 Rcvrs: MIBR-S4A-415 SIBR-S4A-415 70 km 8-Output Trans: MIAT-S5T-31 Trans: FILT-S3A-2050-8 SIAT-S5T-31 Rcvrs: FILR-S3A-2050 25 Channel Rcvrs: MIAR-U4T-31 FILN-S3A-2050-8 Trans: MIBT-S3A-425 SIAR-U4T-31 FILN-S3A-2050-16 SIBT-S3A-425 FILN-S3A-2050-24 Rcvrs: MIBR-S4A-425 SIBR-S4A-425 12-Output Video Only Trans: FILT-S3A-2050-8 80 Channel 20 km or 70 km Rcvrs: FILR-S3A-2050 Trans: FIBT-S3A-886, FIBT-S3A-887 FILN-S3A-2050-8 FIBT-S3A-888 FILN-S3A-2050-16 Rcvrs: MIBR-S4A-860, FIBR-S4A-860-P FILN-S3A-2050-24 FIBR-S4A-860-PA 20 km All FRRA's and FRDA's Trans: MIAT-S3T-11 16-Output SIAT-S3T-11 Trans: FILT-S3A-2050-16 Rcvrs: MIAR-U4T-11 110 Channel Rcvrs: FILR-S3A-2050 SIAR-U4T-11 FILN-S3A-2050-8 Trans: FIBT-S3A-819, FIBT-S3A-810 FIBT-S3A-811, FIBT-S3A-812 FILN-S3A-2050-16 70 km FILN-S3A-2050-24 Rcvrs: MIBR-S4A-860, FIBR-S4A-860-P FIBR-S4A-860-PA Trans: MIAT-S5T-11 All FRRA's and FRDA's SIAT-S5T-11 Rcvrs: MIAR-U4T-11 SIAR-U4T-11 FIBER OPTICS MULTIMODE PRODUCT SELECTION TREE

Multimode: Baseband or Limited Broadband

4

Limited Broadband: 7 5 Channels Only Baseband: (5-250 MHz) Video Only or Trans: MIBT-M3T-25 Video/Audio/Audio SIBT-M3T-25 Rcvrs: MIBR-M3T-25 SIBR-M3T-25

Video Only: Video/Audio/Audio: 1.5 km or 15 km 1.5 km or 15 km

1.5 km 1.5 km Trans: MIAT-M8T-11 Trans: MIAT-M8T-31 SIAT-M8T-11 SIAT-M8T-31 Rcvrs: MIAR-U8T-11 Rcvrs: MIAR-U8T-31 SIAR-U8T-11 SIAR-U8T-31

15 km 15 km Trans: MIAT-M3T-11 Trans: MIAT-M3T-31 SIAT-M3T-11 SIAT-M3T-31 Rcvrs: MIAR-U8T-11 Rcvrs: MIAR-U4T-31 SIAR-U8T-11 SIAR-U4T-31 FIBER OPTICS MULTIMODE BROADBAND 5 CH. DESIGN TOOL

1. Determine the optimum input level to the Tx: Pick the point on the X-Axis that corresponds to the number of channels that you are going to put through the link. Follow this up until you intersect with the curve, follow this intersection to the Y-axis on the left. 4 This number is the optimum RF input level to the Transmitter. ______dBmV (#1) 8

2. What is your link budget? This is the sum of all the losses from the Tx to the Rx. _____dBm (#2) continued.... FIBER OPTICS MULTIMODE BROADBAND 5 CH. DESIGN TOOL

3. Determine the CNR of the link: Transmitter Output -7 dBm Link Budget (#2) - dBm Received Optical Power= dBm (#3.1) 4 Pick the point on the X-Axis that corresponds to the 9 received optical power (#3.1 above). Follow this number up until you intersect with the appropriate curve, follow this intersection to the Y-axis on the left. This number is the CNR of the link. ______dB (#3.2)

continued.... FIBER OPTICS MULTIMODE BROADBAND 5 CH. DESIGN TOOL

4. Determine the RF output level of the link:

Pick the point on the X-Axis that corresponds to the link budget (#2). Follow this up until you intersect with the curve, follow this intersection to the Y-axis on the left. This number is the link gain. ______dB (#4.1) 4 10

Transmitter RF Input ______dBmV (#1) Link Gain +______dB (#4.1) Receiver RF Output =______dBmV (#4.2) FIBER OPTICS SINGLE MODE BROADBAND 10 CH. DESIGN TOOL

1. Determine the optimum input level to the Tx:

Pick the point on the X-Axis that corresponds to the number of channels that you are going to put through the link. Follow this up until you intersect with the 4 curve, follow this intersection to the Y-axis on the left. 11 This number is the optimum RF input level to the Transmitter. ______dBmV (#1)

2. What is your link budget? This is the sum of all the losses from the Tx to the Rx. ______dBm (#2) continued.... FIBER OPTICS SINGLE MODE BROADBAND 10 CH. DESIGN TOOL

3. Determine the CNR of the link: Transmitter Output 3 dBm Link Budget (#2) - dBm Received Optical Power = dBm (#3.1) 4 Pick the point on the X-Axis that corresponds to the received optical power (#3.1 above). Follow this number 12 up until you intersect with the curve, follow this intersec- tion to the Y-axis on the left. This number is the CNR of the link. ______dB (#3.2)

continued.... FIBER OPTICS SINGLE MODE BROADBAND 10 CH. DESIGN TOOL

4. Determine the RF output level of the link:

Pick the point on the X-Axis that corresponds to the link budget (#3.1). Follow this up until you intersect with the curve, follow this intersection to the Y-axis on the left. 4 This number is the link gain. ______dB (#4.1) 13

Transmitter RF Input ______dBmV (#1) Link Gain +______dB (#4.1) Receiver RF Output =______dBmV (#4.2) FIBER OPTICS SINGLE MODE BROADBAND 15 CH. DESIGN TOOL

1. Determine the optimum input level to the Tx: Pick the point on the X-Axis that corresponds to the number of channels that you are going to put through the link. Follow this up until you intersect with the curve, follow this intersection to the Y-axis on the left. 4 This number is the optimum RF input level to the Transmitter. ______dBmV (#1) 14

20

18

16

14

12 Drive Level per Channel (dBmV) 10

8 1 10 100

Number of Channels Loading 2. What is your link budget? This is the sum of all the losses from the Tx to the Rx. ______dBm (#2) continued.... FIBER OPTICS SINGLE MODE BROADBAND 15 CH. DESIGN TOOL

3. Determine the CNR of the link: Transmitter Output 4 dBm Link Budget (#2) - ______dBm Received Optical Power = ______dBm (#3)

4 Pick the point on the X-Axis that corresponds to the 15 received optical power (#3 above). Follow this number up until you intersect with the curve, follow this inter- section to the Y-axis on the left. This number is the CNR of the link. 62 60 5 Channels 58 56 10 Channels 54 15 Channels 52 50 48 46 CNR (dB) 44 42 40 38 36 34 32 -14 -12 -10 -8 -6 -4 -2 0 2 4

Receiver Input Light Level (dBm) continued.... FIBER OPTICS SINGLE MODE BROADBAND 15 CH. DESIGN TOOL

4. Determine the RF output level of the link:

Pick the point on the X-Axis that corresponds to the link budget (#3). Follow this up until you intersect with the curve, follow this intersection to the Y-axis on the left. This number is the link gain. ______dB (#4) 4

16

Transmitter RF Input ______dB (#1) Link Gain +______dB (#4.1) Receiver RF Output =______dB (#4.2) FIBER OPTICS SINGLE MODE BROADBAND 25 CH. DESIGN TOOL 1. Determine the optimum input level to the Tx: Pick the point on the X-Axis that corresponds to the number of channels that you are going to put through the link. Follow this up until you intersect with the curve, follow this intersection to the Y-axis on the left. 4 This number is the optimum RF input level to the Transmitter. ______dBmV (#1)

17 22

20

18

16

14

12

10 Drive Level per Channel (dBmV)

8

6 1 10 100 Number of Channels Loading

2. What is your link budget? This is the sum of all the losses from the Tx to the Rx. ______dBm (#2) continued.... FIBER OPTICS SINGLE MODE BROADBAND 25 CH. DESIGN TOOL

3. Determine the CNR of the link: Transmitter Output 4 dBm Link Budget (#2) - ______dBm Received Optical Power = ______dBm (#3)

Pick the point on the X-Axis that corresponds to the 4 received optical power (#3 above). Follow this number 18 up until you intersect with the curve, follow this inter- section to the Y-axis on the left. This number is the CNR of the link.

continued.... FIBER OPTICS SINGLE MODE BROADBAND 25 CH. DESIGN TOOL 4. Determine the RF output level of the link:

Pick the point on the X-Axis that corresponds to the link budget (#3). Follow this up until you intersect with the curve, follow this intersection to the Y-axis on 4 the left. This number is the link gain. ______dB (#4)

19

Transmitter RF Input ______dB (#1) Link Gain +______dB (#4.1) Receiver RF Output =______dB (#4.2) FIBER OPTICS FIBT DESIGN TOOL 1. What is the acceptable C/N you want to see at the output of the fiber optic receiver? dB (#1)

2. Determine the optical input needed at the receiver to maintain your C/N from above. Find the C/N figure on the Y axis on the chart below. Follow that figure across until you come to the curve that corresponds to your 4 channel loading. Follow this intersection down to the X 20 axis to determine the optical input level. This is the level that you need to hit the receiver with in order to maintain the C/N that you picked in Step #1. dBm (#2)

5 Channels 10 Channels 24 Channels 40 Channels 78 Channels 110 Channels Carrier-to-Noise (dB)

Optical Input Power (dBm) continued.... FIBER OPTICS FIBT DESIGN TOOL

3. What is the link budget? This is the sum of all the losses from the Tx to the Rx. dBm (#3)

4. Determine the transmitter power necessary to complete the link: 4

21 Link Budget (#3) dBm Receiver Input (#2) + dBm Minimum Transmitter Output = dBm (#4)

You should round this number up to the next dBm to build in a margin of error to cover any unseen items in the link budget.

continued.... FIBER OPTICS FIBT DESIGN TOOL

5. Determine the RF input level needed at the transmitter. Find the channel loading figure on the X axis on the chart below. Follow that figure up until you come to the curve that corresponds to the series transmitter you are using. The top curve is the 7404 Series, the bottom is the 7403 Series. Follow this intersection across to the 4 Y axis to determine the RF input level. This is the level that you need to hit the transmitter with in order to 22 ensure a quality signal. This is the optimal RF level for your channel loading configuration. We will also use this number to predict the RF output level of the link dBmV (#5)

7404 Series Transmitters (9,10,11,12 dBm)

7403 Series Transmitters (6,7,8 dBm)

continued.... FIBER OPTICS FIBT DESIGN TOOL 6. Determine the RF output level of the receiver. Find the receiver optical input level on the X axis on the chart below. Follow that figure up until you come to the curve that corresponds to the series transmitter you are using. The top curve is the 7403 Series, the bottom is the 7404 Series. Follow this intersection across to the Y axis to determine the 4 link gain or loss. dB (#6.1) 23 7403 Series Transmitters (6,7,8 dBm)

7404 Series Transmitters (9,10,11,12 dBm)

Determine the receiver RF output level: Transmitter RF Input (#5) ______dB Link Gain or Loss (#6.1) +______dB Receiver RF Output =______dB (#6.2) FIBER OPTICS OPTICAL COUPLER DESIGN TOOL

Coupler Ports Ratio Loss (dB) 1 x 2 50/50 3.6/3.6 40/60 4.7/2.7 30/70 6.0/1.9 4

20/80 7.9/1.2 24 10/90 11.3/0.6 5/95 15.1/0.5 Coupler Ports Ratio Loss (dB) 1 x 3 33/33/33 6.0/6.0/6.0 40/30/30 4.7/6.4/6.4 50/25/25 3.6/7.3/7.3 60/20/20 2.7/8.4/8.4 70/15/15 1.9/9.6/9.6 80/10/10 1.2/11.3/11.3 Coupler Ports Ratio Loss (dB) 1 x 4 25% per port 7.3 per port Coupler Ports Ratio Loss (dB) 1 x 6 16.6% per port 9.7 per port Coupler Ports Ratio Loss (dB) 1 x 8 12.5% per port 10.8 per port FIBER OPTICS BROADBAND CATV LINK MULTIPLE RECEIVE SITES SINGLE MODE

110 Channel INPUT from Headend * Input Level Chart +8 dBmV * Channel 9,10,11,12 6,7,8 dBm Loading dBm Tx Tx 110 8 dBmV 3 dBmV 4 78 11 dBmV 4 dBmV FIBT-S3A-812 61 13 dBmV 5 dBmV Fiber Optic Transmitter 45 14 dBmV 7 dBmV 25 +12 dBm OUTPUT

FOC 23-14-U +4.3 dBm OUTPUT Fiber Optic Coupler, Rack Mount 4 Output

Single Mode Fiber <0.5 dB/km LOSS 4.3 km (2.7 MILES) To Remote Buildings

+2 dBm INPUT

FRDA-S4A-860-43 Fiber Receiver Distribution Amp.

+43 dBmV OUTPUT

To Building Distribution System

BROADBAND CATV LINK MULTIPLE RECEIVE SITES SINGLE MODE

BLONDER-TONGUE LABORATORIES, INC. DWN ENG. DWG. NO. ONE JAKE BROWN RD., OLD BRIDGE, NJ 08857 12/03/99 WNW PC-99294A FIBER OPTICS BROADBAND CATV/25 CH RETURN PATH ON 2 FIBERS SINGLE MODE

OUTPUT Level to * Input Level Chart 110 Channel INPUT Return Path Channel 9,10,11,12 6,7,8 dBm from Headend Processor Loading dBm Tx Tx +8 dBmV INPUT * 110 8 dBmV 3 dBmV 78 11 dBmV 4 dBmV SIBR-S5A-425 61 13 dBmV 5 dBmV 45 14 dBmV 7 dBmV Return Path Fiber Receiver 4 FIBT-S3A-812 Fiber Optic Transmitter +12 dBm OUTPUT 26

Single Mode Fiber <0.5 dB/km LOSS 4.3 km (2.7 MILES) to Remote Buildings

+2 dBm INPUT FRDA-S4A-860-43 SIBT-S5A-425 Fiber Receiver Return Path Distribution Amp. Fiber Transmitter To Building +43 dBmV OUTPUT Distribution System INPUT Level From Return Path Modulator

BROADBAND CATV/25 CHANNEL RETURN PATH ON 2 FIBERS SINGLE MODE

BLONDER-TONGUE LABORATORIES, INC. DWN ENG. DWG. NO. ONE JAKE BROWN RD., OLD BRIDGE, NJ 08857 12/03/99 WNW PC-99294G FIBER OPTICS BROADBAND CATV W/OPTICAL 25 CH RETURN PATH SINGLE MODE

OUTPUT Level to 110 Channel INPUT Return Path * Input Level Chart from Headend Channel 9,10,11,12 6,7,8 dBm Processor Loading dBm Tx Tx +8 dBmV INPUT * 110 8 dBmV 3 dBmV 78 11 dBmV 4 dBmV SIBR-S5A-425 61 13 dBmV 5 dBmV Return Path 4 45 14 dBmV 7 dBmV Fiber Receiver FIBT-S3A-812 +12 dBm OUTPUT 27 Fiber Optic Transmitter

FOC 23-14-U Fiber Optic Coupler +4.3 dBm OUTPUT Rack Mount 4 Output

Wave Division Multiplex WDM-1315 Single Mode Fiber <0.5 dB/km LOSS 4.3 km (2.7 MILES) to Remote Buildings Wave Division Multiplex WDM-1315 +2 dBm INPUT SIBT-S5A-425 FRDA-S4A-860-43 Return Path Fiber Receiver Fiber Transmitter Distribution Amp. To Building +43 dBmV OUTPUT Distribution INPUT Level From System Return Path Modulator

BROADBAND CATV W/OPTICAL 25 CHANNEL RETURN PATH SINGLE MODE

BLONDER-TONGUE LABORATORIES, INC. DWN ENG. DWG. NO. ONE JAKE BROWN RD., OLD BRIDGE, NJ 08857 12/03/99 WNW PC-99294B FIBER OPTICS VIDEO/AUDIO/AUDIO FIBER OPTIC LINK MULTIMODE

Nominal 1V P-P Video, 1V rms Stereo Audio INPUT ACCS-PS-200 4 AV Power Supply

SIAT-M3T-31 28 1310 nm Standalone Baseband Transmitter -15 dBm OUTPUT, Nominal

Multimode Fiber <1.8 dB/km LOSS 5+ km (3.1 MILES)

-24 dBm INPUT, Nominal

SIAR-U4T-31 ACCS-PS-170 1310 nm Standalone Power Supply Baseband Receiver AV Nominal 1V P-P Video, 1V rms Stereo Audio OUTPUT

VIDEO/AUDIO/AUDIO FIBER OPTIC LINK SINGLE MODE

BLONDER-TONGUE LABORATORIES, INC. DWN ENG. DWG. NO. ONE JAKE BROWN RD., OLD BRIDGE, NJ 08857 12/03/99 WNW PC-99294C FIBER OPTICS SINGLE POLARITY L-BAND, DUAL FIBER OPTIC LINK SINGLE MODE

950-1450 MHz

4 950-1450 MHz -31 dBm INPUT 29 ACCS-PS-170 ACCS-PS-170 Power Supply +0.41 dBm OUTPUT, FILT-S3A-2050 +0.41 dBm OUTPUT, Nominal L-Band Fiber Optic Nominal Transmitters

Single Mode Fiber Single Mode Fiber <0.5 dB/km LOSS <0.5 dB/km LOSS 2+ km 2+ km (1.2 MILES) (1.2 MILES) FILR-S3A-2050 L-Band Fiber Optic -0.5 dBm INPUT, Receivers -0.5 dBm INPUT, Nominal Nominal

950-1450 MHz 950-1450 MHz L-Band L-Band

SINGLE POLARITY L-BAND, DUAL FIBER OPTIC LINK SINGLE MODE

BLONDER-TONGUE LABORATORIES, INC. DWN ENG. DWG. NO. ONE JAKE BROWN RD., OLD BRIDGE, NJ 08857 12/03/99 WNW PC-99294D FIBER OPTICS STACKED L-BAND FIBER OPTIC LINK SINGLE MODE

Stacked LNB, 950-2050 MHz

4 -31 dBm INPUT FILT-S3A-2050 30 L-Band Fiber Optic ACCS-PS-170 Transmitter Power Supply +0.41 dBm OUTPUT, Nominal

Single Mode Fiber <0.5 dB/km LOSS 2+ km (1.2 MILES)

-0.5 dBm INPUT, Nominal FILR-S3A-2050 L-Band Fiber Optic Receiver ACCS-PS-170 Power Supply

950-1450 MHz L-Band to Distribution

STACKED L-BAND FIBER OPTIC LINK SINGLE MODE

BLONDER-TONGUE LABORATORIES, INC. DWN ENG. DWG. NO. ONE JAKE BROWN RD., OLD BRIDGE, NJ 08857 12/03/99 WNW PC-99294E FIBER OPTICS MULTI OUTPUT L-BAND FIBER OPTIC LINK SINGLE MODE

-54 TO -34 dBm OPTIMUM INPUT

FILT-S3A-2050-8 8 Output L-Band Fiber Optic Transmitter 4 or FILT-S3A-2050-12 12 Output L-Band Fiber Optic Transmitter 31 or FILT-S3A-2050-16 16 Output L-Band Fiber Optic Transmitter -10 dBm To Remote Buildings

Single Mode Fiber <0.5 dB/km LOSS Up To 4 km (2.5 MILES)

-12 dBm (OPTIMUM INPUT) FILN-S3A-2050-8 8 Output L-Band Fiber Optic Receiver or FILN-S3A-2050-16 16 Output L-Band Fiber Optic Receiver or FILN-S3A-2050-24 24 Output L-Band Fiber Optic Receiver -29/-22 dBm (950/2050 MHz) NOMINAL OUTPUT (8 Output Model)

MULTI OUTPUT L-BAND FIBER OPTIC LINK SINGLE MODE

BLONDER-TONGUE LABORATORIES, INC. DWN ENG. DWG. NO. ONE JAKE BROWN RD., OLD BRIDGE, NJ 08857 12/03/99 WNW PC-99294F BEAT PACKET QUANTITY 330 MHz 450 MHz 550 MHz 600 MHz 750 MHz 40 Channels 60 Channels 77 Channels 85 Channels 110 Channels Frequency CTB CSO CTB CSO CTB CSO CTB CSO CTB CSO 421.25 899 19 1891 19 2415 19 4259 19 427.25 877 19 1875 19 2403 19 4259 19 433.25 854 20 1857 20 2389 20 4258 20 439.25 829 20 1839 20 2375 20 4256 20 445.25 801 21 1819 21 2359 21 4253 21 451.25 1799 21 2343 21 4249 21 457.25 1777 22 2325 22 4244 22 3 463.25 1755 22 2307 22 4238 22 469.25 1731 23 2287 23 4231 23 475.25 1707 23 2267 23 4223 23 18 481.25 1681 24 2245 24 4214 24 487.25 1655 24 2223 24 4204 24 493.25 1628 25 2199 25 4193 25 499.25 1602 25 2175 25 4181 25 505.25 1575 26 2149 26 4168 26 511.25 1548 26 2123 26 4154 26 517.25 1519 27 2095 27 4139 27 523.25 1490 27 2067 27 4123 27 529.25 1459 28 2037 28 4106 28 535.25 1428 28 2007 28 4088 28 541.25 1394 29 1976 29 4069 29 547.25 1358 29 1946 29 4049 29 553.25 1915 30 4028 30 559.25 1884 30 4006 30 565 25 1851 31 3983 31 571.25 1818 31 3959 31 577.25 1783 32 3934 32 583.25 1748 32 3908 32 589.25 1710 33 3881 33 595.25 1670 33 3853 33 601.25 3824 34 607.25 3794 34 613.25 3763 35 619.25 3731 35 625.25 3698 36 631.25 3664 36 637.25 3629 37 643.25 3593 37 649.25 3556 38 655.25 3518 38 661.25 3479 39 667.25 3439 39 673.25 3398 40 679.25 3356 40 685.25 3313 41 691.25 3270 41 697.25 3227 42 703.25 3184 42 709.25 3140 43 715.25 3095 43 721.25 3049 44 727.25 3002 44 733.25 2954 45 739.25 2904 45 745.25 2851 46 FREQUENCY CHARTS CATV CHANNELS, North America

EIA Standard Incremental Harmonic Chan. Chan. Video Audio Video Audio Video Audio

T7 none 7.0000 11.5000 NA NA NA NA T8 none 13.0000 17.5000 NA NA NA NA T9 none 19.0000 23.5000 NA NA NA NA T10 none 25.0000 29.5000 NA NA NA NA T11 none 31.0000 35.5000 NA NA NA NA T12 none 37.0000 41.5000 NA NA NA NA 5 T13 none 43.0000 47.5000 NA NA NA NA T14 none 49.0000 53.5000 NA NA NA NA 1 2 02 55.2500 59.7500 55 2625 59.7625 54.0027 58.5027 3 03 61.2500 65.7500 61.2625 65.7625 60.0030 64.5030 4 04 67.2500 71.7500 67.2625 71.7625 66.0033 70.5030 A8 01 NA N A 73.2625 77.7625 72.0036 76.5036 5 05 77.2500 81.7500 79.2625 83.7625 78.0039 82.5039 6 06 83.2500 87.7500 85.2625 89.7625 84.0042 88.5042 A5 95 91.2500 95.7500 91.2625 95.7625 90.0045 94.5045 A4 96 97.2500 101.7500 97.2625 101.7625 96.0048 100.5048 A3 97 103.2500 107.7500 103.2625 107.7625 102.0051 106.5051 A2 98* 109.2750 113.7750 109.2750 113.7750 Cannot lock to comb A1 99* 115.2750 119.7750 115.2750 119.7750 ref: refer to FCC regs A 14* 121.2625 125.7625 121.2625 125.7625 120.0060 124.5060 B 15* 127.2625 131.7625 127.2625 131.7625 126.0063 130.5063 C 16* 133.2625 137.7625 133.2625 137.7625 132.0066 136.5066 D 17 139.2500 143.7500 139.2625 143.7625 138.0069 142.5069

* Means aeronautical channels visual carrier frequency tolerance ± 5KHz CATV CHANNELS, North America

EIA Standard Incremental Harmonic Chan. Chan. Video Audio Video Audio Video Audio E 18 145.2500 149.7500 145.2625 149.7625 144.0072 148.5072 F 19 151.2500 155.7500 151.2625 155.7625 150.0075 154.5075 G 20 157.2500 161.7500 157.2625 161.7625 156.0078 160.5078 H 21 163.2500 167.7500 163.2625 167.7625 162.0081 166.5081 I 22 169.2500 173.7500 169.2625 173.7625 168.0084 172.5084 7 07 175.2500 179.7500 175.2625 179.7625 174.0087 178.5087 8 08 181.2500 185.7500 181.2625 185.7625 180.0090 184.5090 9 09 187.2500 191.7500 187.2625 191.7625 186.0093 190.5093 5 10 10 193.2500 197.7500 193.2625 197.7625 192.0096 196.5096 2 11 11 199.2500 203.7500 199.2625 203.7625 198.0099 202.5099 12 12 205.2500 209.7500 205.2625 209.762 204.0102 208.5102 13 13 211.2500 215.7500 211.2625 215.7625 210.0105 214.5105 J 23 217.2500 221.7500 217.2625 221.7625 216.0108 220.5108 K 24* 223.2500 227.7500 223.2625 227.7625 222.0111 226.5111 L 25* 229.2625 233.7625 229.2625 233.7625 228.0114 232.5114 M 26* 235.2625 239.7625 235.2625 239.7625 234.0117 238.5117 N 27* 241.2625 245.7625 241.2625 245.7625 240.0120 244.5120 O 28* 247.2625 251.7625 247.2625 251.7625 246.0123 250.5123 P 29* 253.2625 257.7625 253.2625 257.7625 252.0126 256.5126 Q 30* 259.2625 263.7625 259.2625 263.7625 258.0129 262.5129 R 31* 265.2625 269.7625 265.2625 269.7625 264.0132 268.5132 S 32* 271.2625 275.7625 271.2625 275.7625 270.0135 274.5135 T 33* 277.2625 281.7625 277.2625 281.7625 276.0138 280.5138 U 34* 283.2625 287.7625 283.2625 287.7625 282.0141 286.5141

* Means aeronautical channels visual carrier frequency tolerance ± 5KHz CATV CHANNELS, North America

EIA Standard Incremental Harmonic Chan. Chan. Video Audio Video Audio Video Audio

V 35* 289.2625 293.7625 289.2625 293.7625 288.0144 292.5144 W 36* 295.2625 299.7625 295.2625 299.7625 294.0147 298.5147 AA 37* 301.2625 305.7625 301.2625 305.7625 300.0150 304.5150 BB 38* 307.2625 311.7625 307.2625 311.7625 306.0153 310.5153 CC 39* 313.2625 317.7625 313.2625 317.7625 312.0156 316.5156 DD 40* 319.2625 323.7625 319.2625 323.7625 318.0159 322.5159 EE 41* 325.2625 329.7625 325.2625 329.7625 324.0162 328.5162 5 FF 42* 331.2750 335.7750 331.2750 335.7750 330.0165 334.5165 GG 43* 337.2625 341.7625 337.2625 341.7625 336.0168 340.5168 3 HH 44* 343.2625 347.7625 343.2625 347.7625 342.0168 346.5168 II 45* 349.2625 353.7625 349.2625 353.7625 348.0168 352.5168 JJ 46* 355.2625 359.7625 355.2625 359.7625 354.0168 358.5168 KK 47* 361.2625 365.7625 361.2625 365.7625 360.0168 364.5168 LL 48* 367.2625 371.7625 367.2625 371.7625 366.0168 370.5168 MM 49* 373.2625 377.7625 373.2625 377.7625 372.0168 376.5168 NN 50* 379.2625 383.7625 379.2625 383.7625 378.0168 382.5168 00 51* 385.2625 389.7625 385.2625 389.7625 384.0168 388.5168 PP 52* 391.2625 395.7625 391.2625 395.7625 390.0168 394.5168 QQ 53* 397.2625 401.7625 397.2625 401.7625 396.0168 400.5168 RR 54 403.2500 407.7500 403.2625 407.7625 402.0201 406.5201 SS 55 409.2500 413.7500 409.2625 413.7625 408.0204 412.5204 TT 56 415.2500 419.7500 415.2625 419.7625 414.0207 418.5207 UU 57 421.2500 425.7500 421.2625 425.7625 420.0210 424.5210 VV 58 427.2500 431.7500 427.2625 431.7625 426.0213 430.5213

* Means aeronautical channels visual carrier frequency tolerance ± 5KHz CATV CHANNELS, North America

EIA Standard Incremental Harmonic Chan. Chan. Video Audio Video Audio Video Audio WW 59 433.2500 437.7500 433.2625 437.7625 432.0216 436.5216 XX 60 439.2500 443.7500 439.2625 443.7625 438.0219 442.5219 YY 61 445.2500 449.7500 445.2625 449.7625 444.0222 448.5222 ZZ 62 451.2500 455.7500 451.2625 455.7625 450.0225 454.5225 AAA 63 457.2500 461.7500 457.2625 461.7625 456.0228 460.5228 BBB 64 463.2500 467.7500 463.2625 467.7625 462.0231 466.5231 CCC 65 469.2500 473.7500 469.2625 473.7625 468.0234 472.5234 DDD 66 475.2500 479.7500 475.2625 479.7625 474.0237 478.5237 5 EEE 67 481.2500 485.7500 481.2625 485.7625 480.0240 484.5240 4 FFF 68 487.2500 491.7500 487.2625 491.7625 486.0243 490.5243 GGG 69 493.2500 497.7500 493.2625 497.7625 492.0246 496.5246 HHH 70 499.2500 503.7500 499.2625 503.7625 498.0249 502.5249 III 71 505.2500 509.7500 505.2625 509.7625 504.0252 508.5252 JJJ 72 511.2500 515.7500 511.2625 515.7625 510.0255 514.5255

KKK 73 517.2500 521.7500 517.2625 521.7625 516.0258 520.5258 LLL 74 523.2500 527.7500 523.2625 527.7625 522.0261 526.5261 MMM 75 529.2500 533.7500 529.2625 533.7625 528.0264 532.5264 NNN 76 535.2500 539.7500 535.2625 539.7625 534.0267 538.5267 000 77 541.2500 545.7500 541.2625 545.7625 540.0270 544.527C PPP 78 547.2500 551.7500 547.2625 551.7625 546.0273 550.5273 - 79 553.2500 557.7500 553.2625 557.7625 552.0276 556.5276 - 80 559.2500 563.7500 559.2625 563.7625 558.0279 562.5279 - 81 565.2500 569.7500 565.2625 569.7625 564.0282 568.5282 - 82 571.2500 575.7500 571.2625 575.7625 570.0285 574.5285 CATV CHANNELS, North America EIA Standard Incremental Harmonic Chan. Chan. Video Audio Video Audio Video Audio

- 83 577.2500 581.7500 577.2625 581.7625 576.0288 580.5288 - 84 583.2500 587.7500 583.2625 587.7625 582.0291 586.5291 - 85 589.2500 593.7500 589.2625 593.7625 588.0294 592.5294 - 86 595.2500 599.7500 595.2625 599.7625 594.0297 598.5297 - 87 601.2500 605.7500 601.2625 605.7625 600.0300 604.5300 - 88 607.2500 611.7500 607.2625 611.7625 606.0303 610.5303 - 89 613.2500 617.7500 613.2625 617.7625 612.0306 616.5306 5 - 90 619.2500 623.7500 619.2625 623.7625 618.0309 622.5309 - 91 625.2500 629.7500 625.2625 629.7625 624.0312 628.5312 5 - 92 631.2500 635.7500 631.2625 635.7625 630.0315 634.5315 - 93 637.2500 641.7500 637.2625 641.7625 636.0318 640.5318 - 94 643.2500 647.7500 643.2625 647.7625 642.0321 646.5321 - 100 649.2500 653.7500 649.2625 653.7625 648.0324 652.5324 - 101 655.2500 659.7500 655.2625 659.7625 654.0327 658.5327 - 102 661.2500 665.7500 661.2625 665.7625 660.0330 664.5330 - 103 667.2500 671.7500 667.2625 671.7625 666.0333 670.5333 - 104 673.2500 677.7500 673.2625 677.7625 672.0336 676.5336 - 105 679.2500 683.7500 679.2625 683.7625 678.0339 682.5339 - 106 685.2500 689.7500 685.2625 689.7625 684.0342 688.5342 - 107 691.2500 695.7500 691.2625 695.7625 690.0345 694.5345 - 108 697.2500 701.7500 697.2625 701.7625 696.0348 700.5348 - 109 703.2500 707.7500 703.2625 707.7625 702.0351 706.5351 - 110 709.2500 713.7500 709.2625 713.7625 708.0354 712.5354 - 111 715.2500 719.7500 715.2625 719.7625 714.0357 718.5357 - 112 721.2500 725.7500 721.2625 725.7625 720.0360 724.5360 CATV CHANNELS, North America

EIA Standard Incremental Harmonic Chan. Chan. Video Audio Video Audio Video Audio

- 113 727.2500 731.7500 727.2625 731.7625 726.0363 730.5363 - 114 733.2500 737.7500 733.2625 737.7625 732.0366 736.5366 - 115 739.2500 743.7500 739.2625 743.7625 738.0369 742.5369 - 116 745.2500 749.7500 745.2625 749.7625 744.0372 748.5372 - 117 751.2500 755.7500 751.2625 755.7625 750.0375 754.5375 - 118 757.2500 761.7500 757.2625 761.7625 756.0378 760.5378 - 119 763.2500 767.7500 763.2625 767.7625 762.0381 766.5381 - 120 769.2500 773.7500 769.2625 773.7625 768.0384 772.5384 5 - 121 775.2500 779.7500 775.2625 779.7625 774.0387 778.5387 6 - 122 781.2500 785.7500 781.2625 785.7625 780.0390 784.5390 - 123 787.2500 791.7500 787.2625 791.7625 786.0393 790.5393 - 124 793.2500 797.7500 793.2625 797.7625 792.0396 796.5396 - 125 799.2500 803.7500 799.2625 803.7625 798.0399 802.5399 - 126 805.2500 809.7500 805.2625 809.7625 804.0402 808.5402 - 127 811.2500 815.7500 811.2625 815.7625 810.0405 814.5405

- 128 817.2500 821.7500 817.2625 821.7625 816.0408 820.5408 - 129 823.2500 827.7500 823.2625 827.7625 822.0411 826.5411 - 130 829.2500 833.7500 829.2625 833.7625 828.0414 832.5414 - 131 835.2500 839.7500 835.2625 839.7625 834.0417 838.5417 - 132 841.2500 845.7500 841.2625 845.7625 840.0420 844.5420 - 133 847.2500 851.7500 847.2625 851.7625 846.0423 850.5423

- 134 853.2500 857.7500 853.2625 857.7625 852.0426 856.5426 - 135 859.2500 863.7500 859.2625 863.7625 858.0429 862.5429 - 136 865.2500 869.7500 865.2625 869.7625 864.0432 868.5432 CATV CHANNELS, North America

EIA Standard Incremental Harmonic Chan. Chan. Video Audio Video Audio Video Audio - 137 871.2500 875.7500 871.2625 875.7625 870.0435 874.5435 - 138 877.2500 881.7500 877.2625 881.7625 876.0438 880.5438 - 139 883.2500 887.7500 883.2625 887.7625 882.0441 886.5441 - 140 889.2500 893.7500 889.2625 893.7625 888.0444 892.5444 - 141 895.2500 899.7500 895.2625 899.7625 894.0447 898.5447 - 142 901.2500 905.7500 901.2625 905.7625 900.0450 904.5450 - 143 907.2500 911.7500 907.2625 911.7625 906.0453 910.5453 5 - 144 913.2500 917.7500 913.2625 917.7625 912.0456 916.5456 - 145 919.2500 923.7500 919.2625 923.7625 918.0459 922.5459 7 - 146 925.2500 929.7500 925.2625 929.7625 924.0462 928.5462 - 147 931.2500 935.7500 931.2625 935.7625 930.0465 934.5465 - 148 937.2500 941.7500 937.2625 941.7625 936.0468 940.5468 - 149 943.2500 947.7500 943.2625 947.7625 942.0471 946.5471 - 150 949.2500 953.7500 949.2625 953.7625 948.0474 952.5474 - 151 955.2500 959.7500 955.2625 959.7625 954.0477 958.5477

- 152 961.2500 965.7500 961.2625 965.7625 960.0480 964.5480 - 153 967.2500 971.7500 967.2625 971.7625 966.0483 970.5483 - 154 973.2500 977.7500 973.2625 977.7625 972.0486 976.5486 - 155 979.2500 983.7500 979.2625 983.7625 978.0489 982.5489 - 156 985.2500 989.7500 985.2625 989.7625 984.0492 988.5492 - 157 991.2500 995.7500 991.2625 995.7625 990.0495 994.5495 - 158 997.2500 1001.7500 997.2625 1001.7625 996.0498 1000.5498 CATV CHANNELS, United Kingdom (PAL; CCIR standard I) Channel width: 8MHz Video Audio Video Audio Video Audio 8.0 14.0 296.0 302.0 584.0 590.0 16.0 22.0 304.0 310.0 592.0 598.0 24.0 30.0 312.0 318.0 600.0 606.0 32.0 38.0 320.0 326.0 608.0 614.0 40.0 46.0 328.0 334.0 616.0 622.0 48.0 54.0 336.0 342.0 624.0 630.0 56.0 62.0 344.0 350.0 632.0 638.0 64.0 70.0 352.0 358.0 640.0 646.0 72.0 78.0 360.0 366.0 648.0 654.0 80.0 86.0 368.0 374.0 656.0 662.0 88.0 94.0 376.0 382.0 664.0 670.0 96.0 102.0 384.0 390.0 672.0 678.0 5 104.0 110.0 392.0 398.0 680.0 686.0 112.0 118.0 400.0 406.0 688.0 694.0 8 120.0 126.0 408.0 414.0 696.0 702.0 128.0 134.0 416.0 422.0 704.0 710.0 136.0 142.0 424.0 430.0 712.0 718.0 144.0 150.0 432.0 438.0 720.0 726.0 152.0 158.0 440.0 446.0 728.0 734.0 160.0 166.0 448.0 454.0 736.0 742.0 168.0 174.0 456.0 462.0 744.0 750.0 176.0 182.0 464.0 470.0 752.0 758.0 184.0 190.0 472.0 478.0 760.0 766.0 192.0 198.0 480.0 486.0 768.0 774.0 200.0 206.0 488.0 494.0 776.0 782.0 208.0 214.0 496.0 502.0 784.0 790.0 216.0 222.0 504.0 510.0 792.0 798.0 224.0 230.0 512.0 518.0 800.0 806.0 232.0 238.0 520.0 526.0 808.0 814.0 240.0 246.0 528.0 534.0 816.0 822.0 248.0 254.0 536.0 542.0 824.0 830.0 256.0 262.0 544.0 550.0 832.0 838.0 264.0 270.0 552.0 558.0 840.0 846.0 272.0 278.0 560.0 566.0 848.0 854.0 280.0 286.0 568.0 574.0 856.0 862.0 288.0 294.0 576.0 582.0 864.0 870.0 Color: 4.43361875 MHz Nicam Aurals Plus 552 KHz OFF-AIR CHANNELS, North America (CCIR standard M; NTSC) CHAN BW (MHZ) VIDEO CHROMA AUDIO Lo VHF 2 54-60 55.25 58.83 59.75 3 60-66 61.25 64.83 65.75 4 66-72 67.25 70.83 71.75 5 76-82 77.25 80.83 81.75 6 82-88 83.25 86.83 87.75 Hi VHF 7 174-180 175.25 178.83 179.75 8 180-186 181.25 184.83 185.75 9 186-192 187.25 190.83 191.75 10 192-198 193.25 196.83 197.75 11 198-204 199.25 202.83 203.75 12 204-210 205.25 208.83 209.75 5 13 210-216 211.25 214.83 215.75 UHF 9 14 470-476 471.25 474.83 475.75 15 476-482 477.25 480.83 481.75 16 482-488 483.25 486.83 487.75 17 488-494 489.25 492.83 493.75 18 494-500 495.25 498.83 499.75 19 500-506 501.25 504.83 505.75 20 506-512 507.25 510.83 511.75 21 512-518 513.25 516.83 517.75 22 518-524 519.25 522.83 523.75 23 524-530 525.25 528.83 529.75 24 530-536 531.25 534.83 535.75 25 536-542 537.25 540.83 541.75 26 542-548 543.25 546.83 547.75 27 548-554 549.25 552.83 553.75 28 554-560 555.25 558.83 559.75 29 560-566 561.25 564.83 565.75 30 566-572 567.25 570.83 571.75 31 572-578 573.25 576.83 577.75 32 578-584 579.25 582.83 583.75 33 584-590 585.25 588.83 589.75 34 590-596 591.25 594.83 595.75 35 596-602 597.25 600.83 601.75 36 602-608 603.25 606.83 607.75 37 608-614 609.25 612.83 613 75 38 614-620 615.25 618.83 619.75 OFF-AIR CHANNELS • North America CHAN BW (MHZ) VIDEO CHROMA AUDIO UHF 39 620-626 621.25 624.83 625.75 40 626-632 627.25 630.83 631.75 41 632-638 633.25 636.83 637.75 42 638-644 639.25 642.83 643.75 43 644-650 645.25 648.83 649.75 44 650-656 651.25 654.83 655.75 45 656-662 657.25 660.83 661.75 46 662-668 663.25 666.83 667.75 47 668-674 669.25 672.83 673.75 48 674-680 675.25 678.83 679.75 49 680-686 681.25 684.83 685.75 50 686-692 687.25 690.83 691.75 51 692-698 693.25 696.83 697.75 52 698-704 699.25 702.83 703.75 53 704-710 705.25 708.83 709.75 5 54 710-716 711.25 714.83 715.75 55 716-722 717.25 720.83 721.75 10 56 722-728 723.25 726.83 727.75 57 728-734 729.25 732.83 733.75 58 734-740 735.25 738.83 739.75 59 740-746 741.25 744.83 745.75 60 746-752 747.25 750.83 751.75 61 752-758 753.25 756.83 757.75 62 758-764 759.25 762.83 763.75 63 764-770 765.25 768.83 769.75 64 770-776 771.25 774.83 775.75 65 776-782 777.25 780.83 781.75 66 782-788 783.25 786.83 787.75 67 788-794 789.25 792.83 793.75 68 794-800 795.25 798.83 799.75 69 800-806 801.25 804.83 805.75 70 806-812 807.25 810.83 811.75 71 812-818 813.25 816.83 817.75 72 818-824 819.25 822.83 823.75 73 824-830 825.25 828.83 829.75 74 830-836 831.25 834.83 835.75 75 836-842 837.25 840.83 841.75 76 842-848 843.25 846.83 847.75 77 848-854 849.25 852.83 853.75 78 854-860 855.25 858.83 859.75 79 860-866 861.25 864.83 865.75 80 866-872 867.25 870.83 871.75 81 872-878 873.25 876.83 877.75 82 878-884 879.25 882.83 883.75 83 884-890 885.25 888.83 889.75 OFF-AIR CHANNELS • CCIR STANDARDS G,H,I,K, & L CHANNEL AUDIO Europe China BW (MHz) VIDEO G, H I K, L UHF band IV 21 13 470-478 471.25 476.75 477.25 477.25 22 14 478-486 479.25 484.75 485.75 485.25 23 15 486-494 487.25 492.75 493.75 493.25 24 16 494-502 495.25 500.75 501.75 501.25 25 17 502-510 503.25 508.75 509.75 509.25 26 18 510-518 511.25 516.75 517.75 517.25 27 19 518-526 519.25 524.75 525.75 525.25 28 20 526-534 527.25 532.75 533.75 533.25 29 21 534-542 535.25 540.75 541.75 541.25 30 22 542-550 543.25 548.75 549.75 549.25 31 23 550-558 551.25 556.75 557.75 557.25 32 24 558-566 559.25 564.75 565.75 565.25 33 566-574 567.25 572.75 573.75 573.25 5 34 574-582 575.25 580.75 581.75 581.25 35 Not defined 582-590 583.25 588.75 589.75 589.25 36 590-598 591.25 596.75 597.75 597.25 11 37 598-606 599.25 604.75 605.75 605.25 UHF band V 38 25 606-614 607.25 612.75 613.25 613.25 39 26 614-622 615.25 620.75 621.75 621.25 40 27 622-630 623.25 628.75 629.75 629.25 41 28 630-638 631.25 636.75 637.75 637.25 42 29 638-646 639.25 644.75 645.75 645.25 43 30 646-654 647.25 652.75 653.75 653.25 44 31 654-662 655.25 660.75 661.75 661.25 45 32 662-670 663.25 668.75 669.75 669.25 46 33 670-678 671.25 676.75 677.75 677.25 47 34 678-686 679.25 684 75 685.75 685.25 48 35 686-694 687.25 692.75 693.75 693.25 49 36 694-702 695.25 700.75 701.75 701.25 50 37 702-710 703.25 708.75 709.75 709.25 51 38 710-718 711.25 716.75 717.75 717.25 52 39 718-726 719.25 724.75 725.75 725.25 53 40 726-734 727.25 732.75 733.75 733.25 54 41 734-742 735.25 740.75 741.75 741.25 55 42 742-750 743.25 748.75 749.75 749.25 56 43 750-758 751.25 756.75 757.75 757.25 57 44 758-766 759.25 764.75 765.75 765.25 58 45 766-774 767.25 772.75 773.75 773.25 59 46 774-782 775.25 780.75 781.75 781.25 60 47 782-790 783.25 788.75 789.75 789.25 61 48 790-798 791.25 796.75 797.75 797.25 62 49 798-806 799.25 804.75 805.75 805.25 63 50 806-814 807.25 812.75 813.75 813.25 OFF-AIR CHANNELS • CCIR STANDARDS G,H,I,K, & L CHANNEL AUDIO Europe P.R. China BW (MHz) VIDEO G, H I K, L UHF band V 64 51 814-822 815.25 820.75 821.25 821.75 65 52 822-830 823.25 828.75 829.25 829.75 66 53 830-838 831.25 836.75 837.25 837.75 67 54 838-846 839.25 844.75 845.25 845.75 68 55 846-854 847.25 852.75 853.25 853.75 69 56 854-862 855.25 860.75 861.25 861.75 57 862-870 863.25 869.75 58 870-878 871.25 877.75 Not defined 59 878-886 879.25 885.75 60 886-894 887.25 893.75 61 894-902 895.25 901.75 5 62 902-910 903.25 909.75 12 CCIR STANDARDS B CHAN. BW (MHz) VIDEO CHROMA AUDIO UHF band IV 28 526-533 527.25 531.68 532.75 29 533-540 534.25 538.68 539.75 30 540-547 541.25 545.68 546.75 31 547-554 548.25 552.68 553.75 32 554-561 555.25 559.68 560.75 33 561-568 562.25 566.68 567.75 34 568-575 569.25 573.68 574.75 35 575-582 576.25 580.68 581.75 UHF band V 36 582-589 583.25 587.68 588.75 37 589-596 590.25 594.68 595.75 38 596-603 597.25 601.68 602.75 ------Other channels with 7 MHz spacing------67 799-806 800.25 804.68 805.75 68 806-813 807.25 811.68 812.75 69 813-820 814.25 818.68 819.75

Color Subcarriers: K 4.406 MHz; L 4.250 MHz; B, G, A, I 4.434 MHz FM Broadcast Channel Frequencies (MHz)

Channel Frequency Channel Frequency Channel Frequency 1 88.1 35 94.9 69 101.7 2 88.3 36 95.1 70 101.9 3 88.5 37 95.3 71 102.1 4 88.7 38 95.5 72 102.3 5 88.9 39 95.7 73 102.5 6 89.1 40 95.9 74 102.7 7 89.3 41 96.1 75 102.9 8 89.5 42 96.3 76 103.1 9 89.7 43 96.5 77 103.3 10 89.9 44 96.7 78 103.5 11 90.1 45 96.9 79 103.7 12 90.3 46 97.1 80 1039 5 13 90.5 47 97.3 81 104.1 14 90.7 48 97.5 82 104.3 13 15 90.9 49 97.7 83 104.5 16 91.1 50 97.9 84 104.7 17 91.3 51 98.1 85 104.9 18 91.5 52 98.3 86 105.1 19 91.7 53 98.5 87 105.3 20 91.9 54 98.7 88 105.5 21 92.1 55 98.9 89 105.7 22 92.3 56 99.1 90 105.9 23 92.5 57 99.3 91 106 1 24 92.7 58 99.5 92 1063 25 92.9 59 99.7 93 106.5 26 93.1 60 99.9 94 106.7 27 93.3 61 100.1 95 106.9 28 93.5 62 100.3 96 107.1 29 93.7 63 100.5 97 107.3 30 93.9 64 100.7 98 107.5 31 94.1 65 100.9 99 107.7 32 94.3 66 101.1 100 107.9 33 94.5 67 101.3 34 94.7 68 101.5 INTERNATIONAL CHANNEL STANDARDS

Country Color Broadcast Channel System Standard Frequencies VHF UHF Argentina PAL N N Amer Australia PAL B G Australian Austria PAL B G West Euro Bahamas NTSC M Amer Belgium PAL B H West Euro Bermuda NTSC M Amer Bolivia NTSC M M Amer Brazil PAL M M Amer 5 Canada NTSC M M Amer Chile NTSC M Amer 14 China PAL D Chinese China, Rep of NTSC M Amer Colombia NTSC M M Amer Costa Rica NTSC M Amer Denmark PAL B G West Euro Ecuador NTSC M Amer Egypt SECAM B West Euro Finland PAL B G West Euro France SECAM L L French Germany SECAM/PAL B G West Euro Greece SECAM B G West Euro Hong Kong PAL I West Euro Hungary SECAM D K East Euro Hungary SECAM D K East Euro India PAL B West Euro Indonesia PAL B West Euro Iran SECAM B G West Euro Iraq SECAM B West Euro Ireland PAL A I Irish INTERNATIONAL CHANNEL STANDARDS

Country Color Broadcast Channel System Standard Frequencies VHF UHF Israel PAL B G West Euro Italy PAL B G Italian Japan W M M JPN Jordan PAL B G West Euro Korea S. NTSC M M Amer Malaysia PAL B G West Euro Mexico NTSC M M Amer 5 Morocco SECAM B Morocco Netherlands PAL B G West Euro 15 New Zealand PAL B G NZ Norway PAL B G West Euro Panama NTSC M M Amer Peru NTSC M M Amer Philippines NTSC M Amer Poland SECAM D K East Euro Portugal PAL B G West Euro Romania SECAM D K East Euro Russia SECAM D K East Euro Singapore PAL B G West Euro Spain PAL B G West Euro Sweden PAL B G West Euro Switzerland PAL B G West Euro United Kingdom PAL I I West Euro Uruguay PAL N Amer USA NTSC M M Amer Venezuela NTSC M Amer CCIR TELEVISION TRANSMISSION CHARACTERISTICS FOR OFF- AIR CHANNELS

SYSTEM LINES FIELD LINE CHAN. VIDEO VID/SND VEST VISUAL AURAL Freq. Freq. Width B/W Spacing Sideb MOD MOD (Hz) (MHz) (MHz) (MHz) (MHz) (MHz) B/G 625 50 15,625 7/8 5 + 5.5 0.75 NEG FM C 625 50 15,625 7 5 + 5.5 0.75 POS AM D/K 625 50 15,625 8 6 +6.5 0.75 NEG FM H 625 50 15,625 8 5 + 5.5 1.25 NEG FM I 625 50 15,625 8 5.5 + 6.0 1.25 NEG FM 5 K1 625 50 15,625 8 6 + 6.5 1.25 NEG FM 16 L 525 50 15,625 8 6 +/- 6.5 1.25 POS AM M 525 60 15,734 6 4.2 + 4 5 0.75 NEG FM N 625 50 15,625 6 4.2 + 4.5 0.75 NEG FM

CCIR: Commité Consulatif International Radiocommunications

NTSC: National Television Systems Committee “Never Twice the Same Color”

PAL: Phase Alternating Lines “Pay for Additional Luxury”

SECAM: Sequential Color with Memory (Sequentiel Couleur Avec Memoire) “System Essentially Contrary to the American Method”

OIRT: Organisation Internationale Radiodiffusion - Television FREQUENCY SPECTRUM Land Mobile TV

Ham & Shortwave CB TV Channels FM Ham & Paging Ham Channels 1 95 9 T-7 T-8 T-9 T-10 T-11 T-12 T-13 234A-6 56A-5 A- 0 60 66 54 72 76 96 82 90 5.7 23.75 29.75 11.75 17.75 35.75 41.75 47.75 VHF Television Government Fixed & Mobile, Including Aero-Communications Ham Land Mobile 111213 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 3 J K L M N O P Q R S T U V V 198 216 222 252 258 204 210 228 234 240 246 264 270 288 294 276 282

5 Trouble Areas 14 15 16 17 18 17 470 488 494 476 482 Research & Other Ham Land Mobile 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69

CATV QQ RR SS TT UU VV WW XX YY ZZ AAA BBB CCC DDD EEE FFF GG 396 414 420 450 456 402 408 426 432 438 444 462 468 486 492 474 480

UHF Broadcast 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 602 620 626 656 662 608 614 632 638 644 650 668 674 692 698 680 686 CATV Channel Assignments

CATV 8788 89 90 91 92 93 94100 101102 103 104 105 106107 10 600 618 624 654 660 606 612 630 636 642 648 666 672 690 696 678 684

Cellular Systems (Public Mobile, Private Base & Public Base) CATV 126127 128 129 130 131 132 133134 135136 137 138 139 140 14 894 882 888 804 822 828 858 864 810 816 834 840 846 852 870 876 FREQUENCY SPECTRUM

FM FM Aircraft Radio, Voice Space Land Mobile Govt. Fixed VHF Television & Aeronavigation Research Ham Mobile 95 96 97 98 99 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 A-5 A-4 A-3 A-2 A-1 A B C D E F G H I 78910 96 132 138 120 126 144 150 168 174 156 162 180 186 102 108 114 192 198 s Harbor Navigation & Coast Guard Government Fixed & Mobile 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 V V AA BB CC DD EE FF GG HH II JJ KK LL MM NN OO PP 330 336 312 318 324 342 348 366 372 354 360 378 384 390 396 294 300 306

UHF Broadcast 7 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 5 530 536 512 518 524 542 548 566 572 554 560 578 584 18 590 596 602 494 506 500 CATV Channel Assignments 8 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 FF GGG HHH III JJJ KKK LLL MMM NNN OOO PPP QQQ RRR SSS TTT UUU VVV WWW XXX 528 534 510 516 522 540 546 564 570 552 558 576 582 588 594 600 492 498 504

UHF Broadcast 1 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 6061 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 734 740 716 722 728 746 752 770 776 758 764 782 788 794 800 806 698 704 710 CATV Channel Assignments 07 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 732 738 714 720 726 744 750 768 774 756 762 780 786 792 798 696 702 708 804

Radiolocation & Land Mobile Non-common Carrier Private Fixed Aircraft Radionavigation Paging

Experimental PCS System 40141 142 143 144 145 146 147 148 149 150 151 152 153 154 155 156 157 158 936 942 918 924 930 948 954 972 978 960 966 984 990 996 894 900 906 912 1002 CABLE TV CHANNEL FORMAT

NTSC High Edge of Channel

50 kHz Low Edge 5 of Channel Sound Carrier

19 Video (level is Carrier 17 dB below Color video Carrier carrier)

0 0.5 1.25 4.83 5.25 5.75 3.58 MHz 0.5 6 4 MHz MHz

4.5 MHz

6 MHz Channel Width

0.25 MHz FCC AERONAUTICAL BAND FREQUENCIES Used for Communication and Navigation

FCC AERONAUTICAL BAND

Navigation Band Communication Communication Navigational Communication 50 kHz Spaced Band 25 kHz Band 25 kHz Band 50 kHz Band 25kHz Carriers Spaced Carriers Spaced Carriers Spaced Carriers Spaced Carriers 5

20 108 118 137 225 328.6 335.4 400 MHz 121 156.8 243 Air Distress Emergency Ship Emergency Aircraft Signal-Required Survival-Required Survival-Required Offset 100 kHz Offset 50 kHz Offset 50 kHz 109.25 121,25 115.25 133.25 223.25 325.25331.25 337.25 400 MHZ 108 118 127.25 137 225 157.25 229.25 328.6 335.4 397.25

A-2 A-1 A B C G K L EE FF GG QQ

Required Required Required Offset Required Offset Required Offset Offset Offset 12.5 kHz ± 5 kHz 25 kHz ± 5 kHz 12.5 kHz 25 kHz±5 kHz 12.5 kHz±5 kHz ± 5 kHz OVERLAPPING CABLE TELEVISION BAND North American Satellite Frequency/Transponder Conversion Table

Panasmat Brazilsat A1 C-Band Alascom Aurora 2/GE Satcom C5 C-Band 144° West Longitude 139° West Longitude Transponder Transponder D/L D/L Polarity Channel U/L Freq. D/L Freq Polarity Channel U/L Freq. D/L Freq 1A (H) 1 5945 3720 1(V) 1 5945 3720 1B (V) 2 5965 3740 2 (H) 2 5965 3740 2A (H) 3 5985 3760 3 (V) 3 5985 3760 2B (V) 4 6005 3780 4 (H) 4 6005 3780 3A (H) 5 6025 3800 5 (V) 5 6025 3800 5 3B (V) 6 6045 3820 6 (H) 6 6045 3820 4A ( H) 7 6065 3840 7 (V) 7 6065 3840 21 4B (V) 8 6085 3860 8 (H) 8 6085 3860 5A (H) 9 6105 3880 9 (V) 9 6105 3880 5B (V) 10 6125 3900 10 (H) 10 6125 3900 6A (H) 11 6145 3920 11 (V) 11 6145 3920 6B (V) 12 6165 3940 12 (H) 12 6165 3940 7A (H) 13 6185 3960 13 (V) 13 6185 3960 7B (V) 14 6205 3980 14 (H) 14 6205 3980 8A (H) 15 6225 4000 15 (V) 15 6225 4000 8B (V) 16 6245 4020 16 (H) 16 6245 4020 9A (H) 17 6265 4040 17 (V) 17 6265 4040 9B (V) 18 6285 4060 18 (H) 18 6285 4060 10A (H) 19 6305 4080 19 (V) 19 6305 4080 10B (V) 20 6325 4100 20 (H) 20 6325 4100 11A (H) 21 6345 4120 21 (V) 21 6345 4120 11B (V) 22 6365 4140 22 (H) 22 6365 4140 12A (H) 23 6385 4160 23 (V) 23 6385 4160 12B(V) 24 6405 4180 24 (H) 24 6405 4180

Downlink polarization for each transponder denoted in parenthesis. North American Satellite Frequency/Transponder Conversion Table

GE Satcom C1 C-Band GE Satcom C4 C-Band 137° West Longitude 135° West Longitude Transponder Transponder D/L D/L Polarity Channel U/L Freq. D/L Freq Polarity Channel U/L Freq. D/L Freq 1(H) 1 5945 3720 1(V) 1 5945 3720 2 (V) 2 5965 3740 2 (H) 2 5965 3740 3 (H) 3 5985 3760 3 (V) 3 5985 3760 4 (V) 4 6005 3780 4 (H) 4 6005 3780 5 (H) 5 6025 3800 5 (V) 5 6025 3800 6 (V) 6 6045 3820 6 (H) 6 6045 3820 5 7 (H) 7 6065 3840 7 (V) 7 6065 3840 8 (V) 8 6085 3860 8 (H) 8 6085 3860 22 9 (H) 9 6105 3880 9 (V) 9 6105 3880 10 (V) 10 6125 3900 10 (H) 10 6125 3900 11 (H) 11 6145 3920 11 (V) 11 6145 3920 12 (V) 12 6165 3940 12 (H) 12 6165 3940 13 (H) 13 6185 3960 13 (V) 13 6185 3960 14 (V) 14 6205 3980 14 (H) 14 6205 3980 15 (H) 15 6225 4000 15 (V) 15 6225 4000 16 (V) 16 6245 4020 16 (H) 16 6245 4020 17 (H) 17 6265 4040 17 (V) 17 6265 4040 18 (V) 18 6285 4060 18 (H) 18 6285 4060 19 (H) 19 6305 4080 19 (V) 19 6305 4080 20 (V) 20 6325 4100 20 (H) 20 6325 4100 21 (H) 21 6345 4120 21 (V) 21 6345 4120 22 (V) 22 6365 4140 22 (H) 22 6365 4140 23 (H) 23 6385 4160 23 (V) 23 6385 4160 24 (V) 24 6405 4180 24 (H) 24 6405 4180

Downlink polarization for each transponder denoted in parenthesis. North American Satellite Frequency/Transponder Conversion Table

Panamsat Galaxy IR C-Band GE Satcom C3 C-Band 133° West Longitude 131° West Longitude Transponder Transponder D/L D/L Polarity Channel U/L Freq. D/L Freq Polarity Channel U/L Freq. D/L Freq 1(H) 1 5945 3720 1(V) 1 5945 3720 2 (V) 2 5965 3740 2 (H) 2 5965 3740 3 (H) 3 5985 3760 3 (V) 3 5985 3760 4 (V) 4 6005 3780 4 (H) 4 6005 3780 5 (H) 5 6025 3800 5 (V) 5 6025 3800 5 6 (V) 6 6045 3820 6 (H) 6 6045 3820 7 (H) 7 6065 3840 7 (V) 7 6065 3840 23 8 (V) 8 6085 3860 8 (H) 8 6085 3860 9 (H) 9 6105 3880 9 (V) 9 6105 3880 10 (V) 10 6125 3900 10 (H) 10 6125 3900 11 (H) 11 6145 3920 11 (V) 11 6145 3920 12 (V) 12 6165 3940 12 (H) 12 6165 3940 13 (H) 13 6185 3960 13 (V) 13 6185 3960 14 (V) 14 6205 3980 14 (H) 14 6205 3980 15 (H) 15 6225 4000 15 (V) 15 6225 4000 16 (V) 16 6245 4020 16 (H) 16 6245 4020 17 (H) 17 6265 4040 17 (V) 17 6265 4040 18 (V) 18 6285 4060 18 (H) 18 6285 4060 19 (H) 19 6305 4080 19 (V) 19 6305 4080 20 (V) 20 6325 4100 20 (H) 20 6325 4100 21 (H) 21 6345 4120 21 (V) 21 6345 4120 22 (V) 22 6365 4140 22 (H) 22 6365 4140 23 (H) 23 6385 4160 23 (V) 23 6385 4160 24 (V) 24 6405 4180 24 (H) 24 6405 4180

Downlink polarization for each transponder denoted in parenthesis. North American Satellite Frequency/Transponder Conversion Table

Loral Skynet Telstar 7 C-Band Loral Skynet Telstar 7 Ku-Band 129° West Longitude 129° West Longitude Transponder Transponder D/L D/L Polarity Channel U/L Freq. D/L Freq Polarity Channel U/L Freq. D/L Freq 1(H) 1 5945 3720 1(V) 1 14020 11720 2 (V) 2 5965 3740 2 (H) 2 14040 11740 3 (H) 3 5985 3760 3 (V) 3 14060 11760 4 (V) 4 6005 3780 4 (H) 4 14080 11780 5 (H) 5 6025 3800 5 (V) 5 14100 11800 6 (V) 6 6045 3820 6 (H) 6 14120 11820 5 7 (H) 7 6065 3840 7 (V) 7 14140 11840 8 (V) 8 6085 3860 8 (H) 8 14160 11860 24 9 (H) 9 6105 3880 9 (V) 9 14180 11880 10 (V) 10 6125 3900 10 (H) 10 14200 11900 11 (H) 11 6145 3920 11 (V) 11 14220 11920 12 (V) 12 6165 3940 12 (H) 12 14240 11940 13 (H) 13 6185 3960 13 (V) 13 14260 11960 14 (V) 14 6205 3980 14 (H) 14 14280 11980 15 (H) 15 6225 4000 15 (V) 15 14300 12000 16 (V) 16 6245 4020 16 (H) 16 14320 12020 17 (H) 17 6265 4040 17 (V) 17 14340 12040 18 (V) 18 6285 4060 18 (H) 18 14360 12060 19 (H) 19 6305 4080 19 (V) 19 14380 12080 20 (V) 20 6325 4100 20 (H) 20 14400 12100 21 (H) 21 6345 4120 21 (V) 21 14420 12120 22 (V) 22 6365 4140 22 (H) 22 14440 12140 23 (H) 23 6385 4160 23 (V) 23 14460 12160 24 (V) 24 6405 4180 24 (H) 24 14480 12180

Downlink polarization for each transponder denoted in parenthesis. North American Satellite Frequency/Transponder Conversion Table

Panamsat Galaxy 9 C-Band Panamsat Galaxy 5 C-Band 127° West Longitude 125° West Longitude Transponder Transponder D/L D/L Polarity Channel U/L Freq. D/L Freq Polarity Channel U/L Freq. D/L Freq 1(V) 1 5945 3720 1(H) 1 5945 3720 2 (H) 2 5965 3740 2 (V) 2 5965 3740 3 (V) 3 5985 3760 3 (H) 3 5985 3760 4 (H) 4 6005 3780 4 (V) 4 6005 3780 5 (V) 5 6025 3800 5 (H) 5 6025 3800 5 6 (H) 6 6045 3820 6 (V) 6 6045 3820 7 (V) 7 6065 3840 7 (H) 7 6065 3840 25 8 (H) 8 6085 3860 8 (V) 8 6085 3860 9 (V) 9 6105 3880 9 (H) 9 6105 3880 10 (H) 10 6125 3900 10 (V) 10 6125 3900 11 (V) 11 6145 3920 11 (H) 11 6145 3920 12 (H) 12 6165 3940 12 (V) 12 6165 3940 13 (V) 13 6185 3960 13 (H) 13 6185 3960 14 (H) 14 6205 3980 14 (V) 14 6205 3980 15 (V) 15 6225 4000 15 (H) 15 6225 4000 16 (H) 16 6245 4020 16 (V) 16 6245 4020 17 (V) 17 6265 4040 17 (H) 17 6265 4040 18 (H) 18 6285 4060 18 (V) 18 6285 4060 19 (V) 19 6305 4080 19 (H) 19 6305 4080 20 (H) 20 6325 4100 20 (V) 20 6325 4100 21 (V) 21 6345 4120 21 (H) 21 6345 4120 22 (H) 22 6365 4140 22 (V) 22 6365 4140 23 (V) 23 6385 4160 23 (H) 23 6385 4160 24 (H) 24 6405 4180 24 (V) 24 6405 4180

Downlink polarization for each transponder denoted in parenthesis. North American Satellite Frequency/Transponder Conversion Table

Panamsat Galaxy 10R Ku-Band Panamsat Galaxy 10R C-Band 123° West Longitude 123° West Longitude Transponder Transponder D/L D/L Polarity Channel U/L Freq. D/L Freq Polarity Channel U/L Freq. D/L Freq 1 (V) 1 14020 11720 1(V) 1 5945 3720 2 (H) 2 14040 11740 2 (H) 2 5965 3740 3 (V) 3 14060 11760 3 (V) 3 5985 3760 4 (H) 4 14080 11780 4 (H) 4 6005 3780 5 (V) 5 14100 11800 5 (V) 5 6025 3800 6 (H) 6 14120 11820 6 (H) 6 6045 3820 5 7 (V) 7 14140 11840 7 (V) 7 6065 3840 8 (H) 8 14160 11860 8 (H) 8 6085 3860 26 9 (V) 9 14180 11880 9 (V) 9 6105 3880 10 (H) 10 14200 11900 10 (H) 10 6125 3900 11 (V) 11 14220 11920 11 (V) 11 6145 3920 12 (H) 12 14240 11940 12 (H) 12 6165 3940 13 (V) 13 14260 11960 13 (V) 13 6185 3960 14 (H) 14 14280 11980 14 (H) 14 6205 3980 15 (V) 15 14300 12000 15 (V) 15 6225 4000 16 (H) 16 14320 12020 16 (H) 16 6245 4020 17 (V) 17 14340 12040 17 (V) 17 6265 4040 18 (H) 18 14360 12060 18 (H) 18 6285 4060 19 (V) 19 14380 12080 19 (V) 19 6305 4080 20 (H) 20 14400 12100 20 (H) 20 6325 4100 21 (V) 21 14420 12120 21 (V) 21 6345 4120 22 (H) 22 14440 12140 22 (H) 22 6365 4140 23 (V) 23 14460 12160 23 (V) 23 6385 4160 24 (H) 24 14480 12180 24 (H) 24 6405 4180

Downlink polarization for each transponder denoted in parenthesis. North American Satellite Frequency/Transponder Conversion Table

Loral Skynet Morelos 2 C-Band Loral Skynet Morelos 2 Ku-Band 120° West Longitude 120° West Longitude Transponder Transponder D/L D/L Polarity Channel U/L Freq. D/L Freq Polarity Channel U/L Freq. D/L Freq 1W/L (H) 1 5945 3720 1K (H) 1 14064 11764 1N (V) 2 5965 3740 2K (H) 2 14188 11888 1W/U (H) 3 5985 3760 3K(H) 3 14312 12012 2N (V) 4 6005 3780 4K (H) 4 14436 12136 2W/L (H) 5 6025 3800 5 3N (V) 6 6045 3820 2W/U (H) 7 6065 3840 27 4N (V) 8 6085 3860 3W/L (H) 9 6105 3880 5N (V) 10 6125 3900 3W/U (H) 11 6145 3920 6N (V) 12 6165 3940 4W/L (H) 13 6185 3960 7N (V) 14 6205 3980 4W/U (H) 15 6225 4000 8N (V) 16 6245 4020 5W/L(H) 17 6265 4040 9N(V) 18 6285 4060 5W/U (H) 19 6305 4080 10N (V) 20 6325 4100 6W/L (H) 21 6345 4120 11N (V) 22 6365 4140 6W/U (H) 23 6385 4160 12N (V) 24 6405 4180

Downlink polarization for each transponder denoted in parenthesis. North American Satellite Frequency/Transponder Conversion Table

SatMex SatMex 5 C-Band SatMex SatMex 5 Ku-Band 116.8° West Longitude 116.8° West Longitude Transponder Transponder D/L D/L Polarity Channel U/L Freq. D/L Freq Polarity Channel U/L Freq. D/L Freq 1(V) 1 5945 3720 1K (H) 1 14020 11720 2 (H) 2 5965 3740 2K (V) 2 14040 11740 3 (V) 3 5985 3760 3K (H) 3 14060 11760 4 (H) 4 6005 3780 4K (V) 4 14080 11780 5 (V) 5 6025 3800 5K (H) 5 14100 11800 6 (H) 6 6045 3820 6K (V) 6 14120 11820 5 7 (V) 7 6065 3840 7K (H) 7 14140 11840 8 (H) 8 6085 3860 8K (V) 8 14160 11860 28 9 (V) 9 6105 3880 9K (H) 9 14180 11880 10 (H) 10 6125 3900 10K (V) 10 14200 11900 11 (V) 11 6145 3920 11K (H) 11 14220 11920 12 (H) 12 6165 3940 12K (V) 12 14240 11940 13 (V) 13 6185 3960 13K (H) 13 14260 11960 14 (H) 14 6205 3980 14K (V) 14 14280 11980 15 (V) 15 6225 4000 15K (H) 15 14300 12000 16 (H) 16 6245 4020 16K (V) 16 14320 12020 17 (V) 17 6265 4040 17K (H) 17 14340 12040 18 (H) 18 6285 4060 18K (V) 18 14360 12060 19 (V) 19 6305 4080 19K (H) 19 14380 12080 20 (H) 20 6325 4100 20K (V) 20 14400 12100 21 (V) 21 6345 4120 21K (H) 21 14420 12120 22 (H) 22 6365 4140 22K (V) 22 14440 12140 23 (V) 23 6385 4160 23K (H) 23 14460 12160 24 (H) 24 6405 4180 24K (V) 24 14480 12180

Downlink polarization for each transponder denoted in parenthesis. North American Satellite Frequency/Transponder Conversion Table

SatMex Solidaridad F2 C-Band SatMex Solidaridad F2 Ku-Band 113° West Longitude 113° West Longitude Transponder Transponder D/L D/L Polarity Channel U/L Freq. D/L Freq Polarity Channel U/L Freq. D/L Freq 1N (V) 1 5945 3720 1K (H) 1 14030 11730 1W/L (H) 2 5965 3740 2K (H) 2 14091 11791 2N (V) 3 5985 3760 3K (H) 3 14152 11852 1W/U (H) 4 6005 3780 4K (H) 4 14213 11913 3N (V) 5 6025 3800 5K (H) 5 14274 11974 5 2W/L (H) 6 6045 3820 6K (H) 6 14335 12035 4N (V) 7 6065 3840 7K (H) 7 14396 12096 29 2W/U (H) 8 6085 3860 8K (H) 8 14457 12157 5N (V) 9 6105 3880 9K (V) 9 14043 11743 3W/L (H) 10 6125 3900 10K (V) 10 14104 11804 6N (V) 11 6145 3920 11K (V) 11 14165 11865 3W/U (H) 12 6165 3940 12K (V) 12 14226 11926 7N (V) 13 6185 3960 13K (V) 13 14287 11987 4W/L (H) 14 6205 3980 14K (V) 14 14348 12048 8N (V) 15 6225 4000 15K (V) 15 14409 12109 4W/U(H) 16 6245 4020 16K (V) 16 14470 12170 9N(V) 17 6265 4040 5W/L (H) 18 6285 4060 10N (V) 19 6305 4080 5W/U (H) 20 6325 4100 11N (V) 21 6345 4120 6W/L (H) 22 6365 4140 12N (V) 23 6385 4160 6W/U (H) 24 6405 4180

Downlink polarization for each transponder denoted in parenthesis. North American Satellite Frequency/Transponder Conversion Table

Telesat Anik E1 C-Band Telesat Anik E1 Ku-Band 111.1° West Longitude 111.1° West Longitude Transponder Transponder D/L D/L Polarity Channel U/L Freq. D/L Freq Polarity Channel U/L Freq. D/L Freq 1A (H) 1 5945 3720 T1(N) (V) 1 14017 11717 1B (V) 2 5965 3740 T2(N) (V) 2 14043 11743 2A (H) 3 5985 3760 T3(N) (V) 3 14078 11778 2B (V) 4 6005 3780 T4(N) (V) 4 14104 11804 3A (H) 5 6025 3800 T5(N) (V) 5 14139 11839 3B (V) 6 6045 3820 T6(N) (V) 6 14165 11865 5 4A ( H) 7 6065 3840 T9(N) (V) 9 14261 11961 4B (V) 8 6085 3860 T10(N) (V) 10 14287 11987 30 5A (H) 9 6105 3880 T17(N) (H) 17 14030 11730 5B (V) 10 6125 3900 T18(N) (H) 18 14056 11756 6A (H) 11 6145 3940 T19(N) (H) 19 14091 11791 6B (V) 12 6165 3940 T20(N) (H) 20 14117 11817 7A (H) 13 6185 3960 T27(N) (H) 27 14335 12035 7B (V) 14 6205 3980 T28(N) (H) 28 14361 12061 8A (H) 15 6225 4000 8B (V) 16 6245 4020 9A (H) 17 6265 4040 9B (V) 18 6285 4060 10A (H) 19 6305 4080 10B (V) 20 6325 4100 11A (H) 21 6345 4120 11B (V) 22 6365 4140 12A (H) 23 6385 4160 12B(V) 24 6405 4180

Downlink polarization for each transponder denoted in parenthesis. North American Satellite Frequency/Transponder Conversion Table

SatMex Solidaridad F1 C-Band SatMex Solidaridad F1 Ku-Band 109.2° West Longitude 109.2° West Longitude Transponder Transponder D/L D/L Polarity Channel U/L Freq. D/L Freq Polarity Channel U/L Freq. D/L Freq 1N (V) 1 5945 3720 1K (H) 1 14030 11730 1W/L (H) 2 5965 3740 2K (H) 2 14091 11791 2N (V) 3 5985 3720 3K (H) 3 14152 11852 1W/U (H) 4 6005 3780 4K (H) 4 14213 11913 3N (V) 5 6025 3800 5K (H) 5 14274 11974 5 2W/L (H) 6 6045 3820 6K (H) 6 14335 12035 4N (V) 7 6065 3840 7K (H) 7 14396 12096 31 2W/U (H) 8 6085 3860 8K (H) 8 14457 12157 5N (V) 9 6105 3880 9K (V) 9 14043 11743 3W/L (H) 10 6125 3900 10K (V) 10 14104 11804 6N (V) 11 6145 3920 11K (V) 11 14165 11865 3W/U (H) 12 6165 3940 12K (V) 12 14226 11926 7N (V) 13 6185 3960 13K (V) 13 14287 11987 4W/L (H) 14 6205 3980 14K (V) 14 14348 12048 8N (V) 15 6225 4000 15K (V) 15 14409 12109 4W/U(H) 16 6245 4020 16K (V) 16 14470 12170 9N(V) 17 6265 4040 5W/L (H) 18 6285 4060 10N (V) 19 6305 4080 5W/U (H) 20 6325 4100 11N (V) 21 6345 4120 6W/L (H) 22 6365 4140 12N (V) 23 6385 4160 6W/U (H) 24 6405 4180

Downlink polarization for each transponder denoted in parenthesis. North American Satellite Frequency/Transponder Conversion Table

Telesat Anik E2 C-Band Telesat Anik E2 Ku-Band 107.3° West Longitude 107.3° West Longitude Transponder Transponder D/L D/L Polarity Channel U/L Freq. D/L Freq/ Polarity Channel U/L Freq. D/L Freq/ 1A (H) 1 5945 3720 T1(N) (V) 1 14017 11717 1B (V) 2 5965 3740 T2(N) (V) 2 14043 11743 2A (H) 3 5985 3760 T3(N) (V) 3 14078 11778 2B (V) 4 6005 3780 T4(N) (V) 4 14104 11804 3A (H) 5 6025 3800 T5(N) (V) 5 14139 11839 3B (V) 6 6045 3820 T6(N) (V) 6 14165 11865 4A ( H) 7 6065 3840 T7(N) (V) 7 14200 11900 5 4B (V) 8 6085 3860 T8(N) (V) 8 14226 11926 5A (H) 9 6105 3880 T9(W) (V) 9 14261 11961 32 5B (V) 10 6125 3900 T10(W) (V) 10 14287 11987 6A (H) 11 6145 3940 T11(W) (V) 11 14322 12022 6B (V) 12 6165 3940 T12(W) (V) 12 14348 12048 7A (H) 13 6185 3960 T13(W) (V) 13 14383 12083 7B (V) 14 6205 3980 T14(W) (V) 14 14409 12109 8A (H) 15 6225 4000 T15(W) (V) 15 14444 12144 8B (V) 16 6245 4020 T16(W) (V) 16 14470 12170 9A (H) 17 6265 4040 T17(N) (H) 17 14030 11730 9B (V) 18 6285 4060 T18(N) (H) 18 14056 11756 10A (H) 19 6305 4080 T19(N) (H) 19 14091 11791 10B (V) 20 6325 4100 T20(N) (H) 20 14117 11817 11A (H) 21 6345 4120 T21(E) (H) 21 14152 11852 11B (V) 22 6365 4140 T22(E) (H) 22 14178 11878 12A (H) 23 6385 4160 T23(E) (H) 23 14213 11913 12B(V) 24 6405 4180 T24(E) (H) 24 14239 11939 T25(E) (H) 25 14274 11974 T26(E) (H) 26 14300 12000 T27(E) (H) 27 14335 12035 T28(E) (H) 28 14361 12061 T29(E) (H) 29 14396 12096 T30(E) (V) 30 14422 12122 Downlink polarization for each transponder T31(E) (H) 31 14457 12157 denoted in parenthesis. 32(E) (H) 32 14483 12183 North American Satellite Frequency/Transponder Conversion Table

GE GE-1 C-Band GE GE-1 Ku-Band 103° West Longitude 103° West Longitude Transponder Transponder D/L D/L Polarity Channel U/L Freq. D/L Freq Polarity Channel U/L Freq. D/L Freq 1(H) 1 5945 3720 1K (H) 1 14020 11720 2 (V) 2 5965 3740 2K (V) 2 14040 11740 3 (H) 3 5985 3760 3K (H) 3 14060 11760 4 (V) 4 6005 3780 4K (V) 4 14080 11780 5 (H) 5 6025 3800 5K (H) 5 14100 11800 5 6 (V) 6 6045 3820 6K (V) 6 14120 11820 7 (H) 7 6065 3840 7K (H) 7 14140 11840 33 8 (V) 8 6085 3860 8K (V) 8 14160 11860 9 (H) 9 6105 3880 9K (H) 9 14180 11880 10 (V) 10 6125 3900 10K (V) 10 14200 11900 11 (H) 11 6145 3920 11K (H) 11 14220 11920 12 (V) 12 6165 3940 12K (V) 12 14240 11940 13 (H) 13 6185 3960 13K (H) 13 14260 11960 14 (V) 14 6205 3980 14K (V) 14 14280 11980 15 (H) 15 6225 4000 15K (H) 15 14300 12000 16 (V) 16 6245 4020 16K (V) 16 14320 12020 17 (H) 17 6265 4040 17K (H) 17 14340 12040 18 (V) 18 6285 4060 18K (V) 18 14360 12060 19 (H) 19 6305 4080 19K (H) 19 14380 12080 20 (V) 20 6325 4100 20K (V) 20 14400 12100 21 (H) 21 6345 4120 21K (H) 21 14420 12120 22 (V) 22 6365 4140 22K (V) 22 14440 12140 23 (H) 23 6385 4160 23K (H) 23 14460 12160 24 (V) 24 6405 4180 24K (V) 24 14480 12180

Downlink polarization for each transponder denoted in parenthesis. North American Satellite Frequency/Transponder Conversion Table

GE Gtar 4 Ku-Band GE 4 C-Band 105° West Longitude 101° West Longitude Transponder Transponder D/L D/L Polarity Channel U/L Freq. D/L Freq Polarity Channel U/L Freq. D/L Freq 1(H) 1 14030 11730 1 (V) 1 5945 3720 2 (H) 2 14091 11791 2 (V) 3 5985 3760 3 (H) 3 14152 11852 3 (V) 5 6025 3800 4 (H) 4 14213 11913 4 (V) 7 6065 3840 5 (H) 5 14274 11974 5 (V) 9 6105 3880 6 (H) 6 14335 12035 6 (V) 11 6145 3920 5 7 (H) 7 14396 12096 7 ( H) 2 5965 3740 8 (H) 8 14457 12157 8 (H) 4 6005 3780 34 9 (V) 9 14044 11744 9 (H) 6 6045 3820 10 (V) 10 14105 11805 10 (H) 8 6085 3860 11 (V) 11 14166 11866 11 (H) 10 6125 3900 12 (V) 12 14227 11927 12 (H) 12 6165 3940 13 (V) 13 14228 11988 13L (V) 13 6185 3960 14 (V) 14 14349 12049 13U (V) 15 6225 4000 15 (V) 15 14410 12110 14L (V) 17 6265 4040 16 (V) 16 14471 12171 14U (V) 19 6305 4080 15L (V) 21 6345 4120 GE 4 Ku-Band 15U (V) 23 6385 4160 101° West Longitude 16L (H) 14 6205 3980 16U (H) 16 6245 4020 Transponder 17L (H) 18 6285 4060 D/L 17U (H) 20 6325 4100 Polarity Channel U/L Freq. D/L Freq 18L (H) 22 6365 4140 19 (H) 19 14040 11740 18U (H) 24 6405 4180 20 (H) 20 14120 11820 21 (H) 21 14200 11900 22 (H) 22 14280 11980 23 (H) 23 14360 12060 24 (H) 24 14440 12140

Downlink polarization for each transponder denoted in parenthesis. North American Satellite Frequency/Transponder Conversion Table

Panamsat Galaxy 4R C-Band Panamsat Galaxy 4R Ku-Band 99° West Longitude 99° West Longitude Transponder Transponder D/L D/L Polarity Channel U/L Freq. D/L Freq Polarity Channel U/L Freq. D/L Freq 1 (H) 1 5945 3720 1 (H) 1 14020 11720 2 (V) 2 5965 3740 2 (V) 2 14040 11740 3 (H) 3 5985 3760 3 (H) 3 14060 11760 4 (V) 4 6005 3780 4 (V) 4 14080 11780 5 (H) 5 6025 3800 5 (H) 5 14100 11800 5 6 (V) 6 6045 3820 6 (V) 6 14120 11820 7 (H) 7 6065 3840 7 (H) 7 14140 11840 35 8 (V) 8 6085 3860 8 (V) 8 14160 11860 9 (H) 9 6105 3880 9 (H) 9 14180 11880 10 (V) 10 6125 3900 10 (V) 10 14200 11900 11 (H) 11 6145 3920 11 (H) 11 14220 11920 12 (V) 12 6165 3940 12 (V) 12 14240 11940 13 (H) 13 6185 3960 13 (H) 13 14260 11960 14 (V) 14 6205 3980 14 (V) 14 14280 11980 15 (H) 15 6225 4000 15 (H) 15 14300 12000 16 (V) 16 6245 4020 16 (V) 16 14320 12020 17 (H) 17 6265 4040 17 (H) 17 14340 12040 18 (V) 18 6285 4060 18 (V) 18 14360 12060 19 (H) 19 6305 4080 19 (H) 19 14380 12080 20 (V) 20 6325 4100 20 (V) 20 14400 12100 21 (H) 21 6345 4120 21 (H) 21 14420 12120 22 (V) 22 6365 4140 22 (V) 22 14440 12140 23 (H) 23 6385 4160 23 (H) 23 14460 12160 24 (V) 24 6405 4180 24 (V) 24 14480 12180

Downlink polarization for each transponder denoted in parenthesis. North American Satellite Frequency/Transponder Conversion Table

Loral Skynet Telstar 5 C-Band Loral Skynet Telstar 5 Ku-Band 97° West Longitude 97° West Longitude Transponder Transponder D/L D/L Polarity Channel U/L Freq. D/L Freq Polarity Channel U/L Freq. D/L Freq/ 1(V) 1 5945 3720 1(V) 1 14028.5 11728.5 2 (H) 2 5965 3740 2 (H) 2 14035.0 11735.0 3 (V) 3 5985 3760 3 (V) 3 14089.5 11789.5 4 (H) 4 6005 3780 4 (H) 4 14096.0 11796.0 5 (V) 5 6025 3800 5 (V) 5 14136.0 11836.0 6 (H) 6 6045 3820 6 (H) 6 14142.5 11842.5 5 7 (V) 7 6065 3840 7 (V) 7 14167.0 11867.0 8 (H) 8 6085 3860 8 (H) 8 14173.5 11873.5 36 9 (V) 9 6105 3880 9 (V) 9 14201.0 11901.0 10 (H) 10 6125 3900 10 (H) 10 14204.5 11904.5 11 (V) 11 6145 3920 11 (V) 11 14229.0 11929.0 12 (H) 12 6165 3940 12 (H) 12 14236.0 11936.0 13 (V) 13 6185 3960 13 (V) 13 14258.0 11958.0 14 (H) 14 6205 3980 14 (H) 14 14266.5 11966.5 15 (V) 15 6225 4000 15 (V) 15 14291.0 11991.0 16 (H) 16 6245 4020 16 (H) 16 14297.5 11997.5 17 (V) 17 6265 4040 17 (V) 17 14322.0 12022.0 18 (H) 18 6285 4060 18 (H) 18 14328.5 12028.5 19 (V) 19 6305 4080 19 (V) 19 14353.0 12053.0 20 (H) 20 6325 4100 20 (H) 20 14362.0 12062.0 21 (V) 21 6345 4120 21 (V) 21 14384.0 12084.0 22 (H) 22 6365 4140 22 (H) 22 14390.5 12090.5 23 (V) 23 6385 4160 23 (V) 23 14415.0 12115.0 24 (H) 24 6405 4180 24 (H) 24 14423.0 12123.0 25 (V) 25 14444.0 12144.0 26 (H) 26 14452.5 12152.5 27 (V) 27 14477.0 12177.0 28 (H) 28 14483.5 12183.5

Downlink polarization for each transponder denoted in parenthesis. North American Satellite Frequency/Transponder Conversion Table

Panamsat Galaxy 3R C-Band Panamsat Galaxy 3R Ku-Band 95° West Longitude 95° West Longitude Transponder Transponder D/L D/L Polarity Channel U/L Freq. D/L Freq/ Polarity Channel U/L Freq. D/L Freq 1 (H) 1 5945 3720 1 (H) 1 14020 11720 2 (V) 2 5965 3740 2 (V) 2 14050 11750 3 (H) 3 5985 3760 3 (H) 3 14050 11750 4 (V) 4 6005 3780 4 (H) 4 14080 11780 5 (H) 5 6025 3800 5 (V) 5 14110 11810 5 6 (V) 6 6045 3820 6 (H) 6 14110 11810 7 (H) 7 6065 3840 7 (H) 7 14140 11840 37 8 (V) 8 6085 3860 8 (V) 8 14170 11870 9 (H) 9 6105 3880 9 (H) 9 14170 11870 10 (V) 10 6125 3900 10 (H) 10 14200 11900 11 (H) 11 6145 3920 11 (V) 11 14230 11930 12 (V) 12 6165 3940 12 (H) 12 14230 11930 13 (H) 13 6185 3960 13 (H) 13 14260 11960 14 (V) 14 6205 3980 14 (V) 14 14290 11990 15 (H) 15 6225 4000 15 (H) 15 14290 11990 16 (V) 16 6245 4020 16 (H) 16 14320 12020 17 (H) 17 6265 4040 17 (V) 17 14350 12050 18 (V) 18 6285 4060 18 (H) 18 14350 12050 19 (H) 19 6305 4080 19 (H) 19 14380 12080 20 (V) 20 6325 4100 20 (V) 20 14410 12110 21 (H) 21 6345 4120 21 (H) 21 14410 12110 22 (V) 22 6365 4140 22 (H) 22 14440 12140 23 (H) 23 6385 4160 23 (V) 23 14470 12170 24 (V) 24 6405 4180 24 (H) 24 14470 12170

Downlink polarization for each transponder denoted in parenthesis. North American Satellite Frequency/Transponder Conversion Table

Loral Skynet Telstar 6 C-Band Loral Skynet Telstar 6 Ku-Band 93° West Longitude 93° West Longitude Transponder Transponder D/L D/L Polarity Channel U/L Freq. D/L Freq Polarity Channel U/L Freq. D/L Freq 1(V) 1 5945 3720 1(V) 1 14028.5 11728.5 2 (H) 2 5965 3740 2 (H) 2 14035.0 11735.0 3 (V) 3 5985 3760 3 (V) 3 14089.5 11789.5 4 (H) 4 6005 3780 4 (H) 4 14096.0 11796.0 5 (V) 5 6025 3800 5 (V) 5 14136.0 11836.0 6 (H) 6 6045 3820 6 (H) 6 14142.5 11842.5 5 7 (V) 7 6065 3840 7 (V) 7 14167.0 11867.0 8 (H) 8 6085 3860 8 (H) 8 14173.5 11873.5 38 9 (V) 9 6105 3880 9 (V) 9 14198.0 11898.0 10 (H) 10 6125 3900 10 (H) 10 14204.5 11904.5 11 (V) 11 6145 3920 11 (V) 11 14229.0 11929.0 12 (H) 12 6165 3940 12 (H) 12 14235.0 11935.0 13 (V) 13 6185 3960 13 (V) 13 14260.0 11960.0 14 (H) 14 6205 3980 14 (H) 14 14266.5 11966.5 15 (V) 15 6225 4000 15 (V) 15 14291.0 11991.0 16 (H) 16 6245 4020 16 (H) 16 14297.5 11997.5 17 (V) 17 6265 4040 17 (V) 17 14322.0 12022.0 18 (H) 18 6285 4060 18 (H) 18 14328.5 12028.5 19 (V) 19 6305 4080 19 (V) 19 14353.0 12053.0 20 (H) 20 6325 4100 20 (H) 20 14359.5 12059.5 21 (V) 21 6345 4120 21 (V) 21 14384.0 12084.0 22 (H) 22 6365 4140 22 (H) 22 14390.5 12090.5 23 (V) 23 6385 4160 23 (V) 23 14415.0 12115.0 24 (H) 24 6405 4180 24 (H) 24 14421.5 12121.5 25 (V) 25 14446.0 12146.0 26 (H) 26 14452.5 12152.5 27 (V) 27 14477.0 12177.0 28 (H) 28 14483.5 12183.5

Downlink polarization for each transponder denoted in parenthesis. North American Satellite Frequency/Transponder Conversion Table

Panamsat Galaxy 11 Ku-Band Panamsat Galaxy 11 Ku-Band 91° West Longitude 91° West Longitude Transponder Transponder D/L D/L Polarity Channel U/L Freq. D/L Freq Polarity Channel U/L Freq. D/L Freq 1 (H) 1 14020 11720 37 (H) 37 14194 11144 2 (V) 2 14040 11740 38 (V) 38 14206 11156 3 (H) 3 14060 11760 39 (H) 39 14224 11174 4 (V) 4 14080 11780 40 (V) 40 14236 11186 5 (H) 5 14100 11800 6 (V) 6 14120 11820 Panamsat Galaxy 11 C-Band 7 (H) 7 14140 11840 91° West Longitude 5 8 (V) 8 14160 11860 9 (H) 9 14180 11880 Transponder 10 (V) 10 14200 11900 D/L 39 11 (H) 11 14220 11920 Polarity Channel U/L Freq. D/L Freq 12 (V) 12 14240 11940 1(H) 1 5945 3720 13 (H) 13 14260 11960 2 (V) 2 5965 3740 14 (V) 14 14280 11980 3 (H) 3 5985 3760 15 (H) 15 14300 12000 4 (V) 4 6005 3780 16 (V) 16 14320 12020 5 (H) 5 6025 3800 17 (H) 17 14340 12040 6 (V) 6 6045 3820 18 (V) 18 14360 12060 7 (H) 7 6065 3840 19 (H) 19 14380 12080 8 (V) 8 6085 3860 20 (V) 20 14400 12100 9 (H) 9 6105 3880 21 (H) 21 14420 12120 10 (V) 10 6125 3900 22 (V) 22 14440 12140 11 (H) 11 6145 3920 23 (H) 23 14460 12160 12 (V) 12 6165 3940 24 (V) 24 14480 12180 13 (H) 13 6185 3960 25 (H) 25 14014 10964 14 (V) 14 6205 3980 26 (V) 26 14026 10976 27 (H) 27 14044 10994 15 (H) 15 6225 4000 28 (V) 28 14056 11006 16 (V) 16 6245 4020 29 (H) 29 14074 11024 17 (H) 17 6265 4040 30 (V) 30 14086 11036 18 (V) 18 6285 4060 31 (H) 31 14104 11054 19 (H) 19 6305 4080 32 (V) 32 14116 11066 20 (V) 20 6325 4100 33 (H) 33 14134 11084 21 (H) 21 6345 4120 34 (V) 34 14146 11096 22 (V) 22 6365 4140 35 (H) 35 14164 11114 23 (H) 23 6385 4160 36 (V) 36 14176 11126 24 (V) 24 6405 4180 North American Satellite Frequency/Transponder Conversion Table

Panamsat Galaxy 7 C-Band Panamsat Galaxy 7 Ku-Band 91° West Longitude 91° West Longitude Transponder Transponder D/L D/L Polarity Channel U/L Freq. D/L Freq Polarity Channel U/L Freq. D/L Freq 1 (H) 1 5945 3720 1 (V) 1 14020 11720 2 (V) 2 5965 3740 3 (V) 3 14050 11750 3 (H) 3 5985 3760 4 (V) 4 14080 11780 4 (V) 4 6005 3780 5 (H) 5 14110 11810 5 (H) 5 6025 3800 6 (V) 6 14110 11810 6 (V) 6 6045 3820 7 (V) 7 14140 11840 5 7 (H) 7 6065 3840 8 (H) 8 14170 11870 8 (V) 8 6085 3860 9 (V) 9 14170 11870 40 9 (H) 9 6105 3880 10 (V) 10 14200 11900 10 (V) 10 6125 3900 11 (H) 11 14230 11930 11 (H) 11 6145 3920 12 (V) 12 14230 11930 12 (V) 12 6165 3940 13 (V) 13 14260 11960 13 (H) 13 6185 3960 14L (H) 54 14276 11976 14 (V) 14 6205 3980 14U (H) 64 14305 12005 15 (H) 15 6225 4000 15 (V) 15 14291 11991 16 (V) 16 6245 4020 16 (V) 16 14320 12020 17 (H) 17 6265 4040 17L (H) 57 14335 12035 18 (V) 18 6285 4060 17U (H) 67 14365 12065 19 (H) 19 6305 4080 18 (V) 18 14350 12050 20 (V) 20 6325 4100 19 (V) 19 14380 12080 21 (H) 21 6345 4120 20 (H) 20 14410 12110 22 (V) 22 6365 4140 21 (V) 21 14410 12110 23 (H) 23 6385 4160 22 (V) 22 14440 12140 24 (V) 24 6405 4180 24 (V) 24 14470 12170

Downlink polarization for each transponder denoted in parenthesis. North American Satellite Frequency/Transponder Conversion Table

Loral-Skynet Telstar 4 C-Band Loral-Skynet Telstar 4 Ku-Band 89° West Longitude 89° West Longitude Transponder Transponder D/L D/L Polarity Channel U/L Freq. D/L Freq Polarity Channel U/L Freq. D/L Freq/ 1(V) 1 5945 3720 1(V) 1 14030 11730 2 (H) 2 5965 3740 2 (H) 2 14043 11743 3 (V) 3 5985 3760 3 (V) 3 14090 11790 4 (H) 4 6005 3780 4 (H) 4 14103 11803 5 (V) 5 6025 3800 5 (V) 5 14150 11850 5 6 (H) 6 6045 3820 6 (H) 6 14163 11863 7 (V) 7 6065 3840 7 (V) 7 14210 11910 41 8 (H) 8 6085 3860 8 (H) 8 14223 11923 9 (V) 9 6105 3880 9A (V) 9L 14256 11956 10 (H) 10 6125 3900 9B (V) 9U 14286 11986 11 (V) 11 6145 3920 10 (H) 10 14284 11984 12 (H) 12 6165 3940 11 (V) 11 14333 12033 13 (V) 13 6185 3960 12 (H) 12 14346 12046 14 (H) 14 6205 3980 13A (V) 13L 14380 12080 15 (V) 15 6225 4000 13 (V) 13 14395 12095 16 (H) 16 6245 4020 13B (V) 13U 14410 12110 17 (V) 17 6265 4040 14 (H) 14 14408 12108 18 (H) 18 6285 4060 15A (V) 15L 14442 12142 19 (V) 19 6305 4080 15B (V) 15U 14472 12172 20 (H) 20 6325 4100 16A (H) 16L 14455 12155 21 (V) 21 6345 4120 16B (H) 16U 14485 12185 22 (H) 22 6365 4140 23 (V) 23 6385 4160 24 (H) 24 6405 4180

Downlink polarization for each transponder denoted in parenthesis. North American Satellite Frequency/Transponder Conversion Table

GE GE-3 C-Band GE GE-3 Ku-Band 87° West Longitude 87° West Longitude Transponder Transponder D/L D/L Polarity Channel U/L Freq. D/L Freq/ Polarity Channel U/L Freq. D/L Freq 1 (H) 1 5945 3720 1 (H) 1 14020 11720 2 (V) 2 5965 3740 2 (V) 2 14040 11740 3 (H) 3 5985 3760 3 (H) 3 14060 11760 4 (V) 4 6005 3780 4 (V) 4 14080 11780 5 (H) 5 6025 3800 5 (H) 5 14100 11800 6 (V) 6 6045 3820 6 (V) 6 14120 11820 5 7 (H) 7 6065 3840 7 (H) 7 14140 11840 8 (V) 8 6085 3860 8 (V) 8 14160 11860 42 9 (H) 9 6105 3880 9 (H) 9 14180 11880 10 (V) 10 6125 3900 10 (V) 10 14200 11900 11 (H) 11 6145 3920 11 (H) 11 14220 11920 12 (V) 12 6165 3940 12 (V) 12 14240 11940 13 (H) 13 6185 3960 13 (H) 13 14260 11960 14 (V) 14 6205 3980 14 (V) 14 14280 11980 15 (H) 15 6225 4000 15 (H) 15 14300 12000 16 (V) 16 6245 4020 16 (V) 16 14320 12020 17 (H) 17 6265 4040 17 (H) 17 14340 12040 18 (V) 18 6285 4060 18 (V) 18 14360 12060 19 (H) 19 6305 4080 19 (H) 19 14380 12080 20 (V) 20 6325 4100 20 (V) 20 14400 12100 21 (H) 21 6345 4120 21 (H) 21 14420 12120 22 (V) 22 6365 4140 22 (V) 22 14440 12140 23 (H) 23 6385 4160 23 (H) 23 14460 12160 24 (V) 24 6405 4180 24 (V) 24 14480 12180

Downlink polarization for each transponder denoted in parenthesis. North American Satellite Frequency/Transponder Conversion Table

GE GE-2 C-Band GE K2 Ku-Band 85° West Longitude 81° West Longitude Transponder Transponder D/L D/L Polarity Channel U/L Freq. D/L Freq Polarity Channel U/L Freq. D/L Freq 1 (V) 1 5945 3720 1(H) 1 14029.0 11729.0 2 (H) 2 5965 3740 2 (V) 2 14058.5 11758.5 3 (V) 3 5985 3760 3 (H) 3 14088.0 11788.0 4 (H) 4 6005 3780 4 (V) 4 14117.5 11817.5 5 (V) 5 6025 3800 5 (H) 5 14147.0 11847.0 5 6 (H) 6 6045 3820 6 (V) 6 14176.5 11876.5 7 (V) 7 6065 3840 7 (H) 7 14206.0 11906.0 43 8 (H) 8 6085 3860 8 (V) 8 14235.5 11935.5 9 (V) 9 6105 3880 9 (H) 9 14265.0 11965.0 10 (H) 10 6125 3900 10 (V) 10 14294.5 11994.5 11 (V) 11 6145 3920 11 (H) 11 14324.0 12024.0 12 (H) 12 6165 3940 12 (V) 12 14353.5 12053.5 13 (V) 13 6185 3960 13 (H) 13 14383.0 12083.0 14 (H) 14 6205 3980 14 (V) 14 14412.5 12112.5 15 (V) 15 6225 4000 15 (H) 15 14442.0 12142.0 16 (H) 16 6245 4020 16 (V) 16 14471.5 12171.5 17 (V) 17 6265 4040 18 (H) 18 6285 4060 19 (V) 19 6305 4080 20 (H) 20 6325 4100 21 (V) 21 6345 4120 22 (H) 22 6365 4140 23 (V) 23 6385 4160 24 (H) 24 6405 4180

Downlink polarization for each transponder denoted in parenthesis. North American Satellite Frequency/Transponder Conversion Table

GE Spacenet 4 Ku-Band GE Spacenet 4 C-Band 81° West Longitude 81° West Longitude Transponder Transponder D/L D/L Polarity Channel U/L Freq. D/L Freq Polarity Channel U/L Freq. D/L Freq 19 (H) 19 14040 11740 1(V) 1 5945 3720 20 (H) 20 14120 11820 1 (V) 3 5985 3760 21 (H) 21 14200 11900 3 (V) 5 6025 3800 22 (H) 22 14280 11980 4 (V) 7 6065 3840 23 (H) 23 14360 12060 5 (V) 9 6105 3880 24 (H) 24 14440 12140 6 (V) 11 6145 3920 5 7 (H) 2 5965 3740 8 (H) 4 6005 3780 44 9 (H) 6 6045 3820 10 (H) 8 6085 3860 11 (H) 10 6125 3900 12 (H) 12 6165 3940 13L (V) 13 6185 3960 13U (V) 15 6225 4000 14L (V) 17 6265 4040 14U (V) 19 6305 4080 15L (H) 21 6345 4120 15U (V) 23 6385 4160 16L (H) 14 6205 3980 16U (H) 16 6425 4020 17L (H) 18 6245 4060 17U (H) 20 6325 4100 18L (H) 22 6365 4140 18U (H) 24 6405 4180

Downlink polarization for each transponder denoted in parenthesis. North American Satellite Frequency/Transponder Conversion Table

GE GE-5 Ku-Band Panamsat SBS 4 Ku-Band 79° West Longitude 77° West Longitude Transponder Transponder D/L D/L Polarity Channel U/L Freq. D/L Freq Polarity Channel U/L Freq. D/L Freq 1 (V) 1 14030 11730 1 (H) 1 14025 11725 2 (H) 2 14043 11743 1* (H) 1 14030 11730 3 (V) 3 14091 11791 2 (H) 2 14074 11774 4 (H) 4 14104 11804 2* (H) 2 14080 11780 5 (V) 5 14152 11852 3 (H) 3 14123 11823 5 6 (H) 6 14165 11865 4 (H) 4 14172 11872 7 (V) 7 14213 11913 5 (H) 5 14221 11921 45 8 (H) 8 14226 11926 6 (H) 6 14270 11970 9 (V) 9 14274 11974 7 (H) 7 14319 12019 10 (H) 10 14287 11987 8 (H) 8 14368 12068 11 (V) 11 14335 12035 9 (H) 9 14417 12117 12 (H) 12 14348 12048 10 (H) 10 14466 12166 13 (V) 13 14396 12096 14 (H) 14 14409 12109 15 (V) 15 14457 12157 16L (H) 16 14455 12155 16U (H) 16 14495 12195

Downlink polarization for each transponder denoted in parenthesis. North American Satellite Frequency/Transponder Conversion Table

Panamsat Galaxy 6 74° West Longitude Transponder D/L Polarity Channel U/L Freq. D/L Freq 1(H) 1 5945 3720 2 (V) 2 5965 3740 3 (H) 3 5985 3760 4 (V) 4 6005 3780 5 (H) 5 6025 3800 6 (V) 6 6045 3820 5 7 (H) 7 6065 3840 8 (V) 8 6085 3860 46 9 (H) 9 6105 3880 10 (V) 10 6125 3900 11 (H) 11 6145 3920 12 (V) 12 6165 3940 13 (H) 13 6185 3960 14 (V) 14 6205 3980 15 (H) 15 6225 4000 16 (V) 16 6245 4020 17 (H) 17 6265 4040 18 (V) 18 6285 4060 19 (H) 19 6305 4080 20 (V) 20 6325 4100 21 (H) 21 6345 4120 22 (V) 22 6365 4140 23 (H) 23 6385 4160 24 (V) 24 6405 4180

* Frequency when using uplink less than 3.5 meter. North American Satellite Frequency/Transponder Conversion Table

Panamsat SBS 6 Ku-Band NahuelSAt Nahuel 1 74° West Longitude 71.8° West Longitude Transponder Transponder D/L D/L Polarity Channel U/L Freq. D/L Freq Polarity Channel U/L Freq. D/L Freq 1 (H) 1 14025 11725 1(V) 1 14030 11730 2 (V) 2 14049 11749 2 (H) 2 14043 11743 3 (H) 3 14074 11774 3 (V) 3 14091 11791 3L (H) 3 14062 11762 4 (H) 4 14104 11804 4L (V) 34 14086 11786 4 (V) 4 14098 11798 5 (V) 5 14152 11852 4U (V) 44 14110 11810 6 (H) 6 14165 11865 5 5 (H) 5 14123 11823 7 (V) 7 14213 11913 6L (V) 36 14135 11835 8 (H) 8 14226 11926 47 6 (V) 6 14147 11847 9 (V) 9 14274 11974 6U (V) 46 14159 11859 9L (V) 9 14259 11959 7 (H) 7 14172 11872 10 (H) 10 14287 11987 8L (V) 38 14184 11884 11 (V) 11 14335 12035 8 (V) 8 14200 11900 12 (H) 12 14348 12048 8U (V) 48 14208 11908 13 (V) 13 14396 12096 9 (H) 9 14221 11921 14 (H) 14 14409 12109 10 (V) 10 14245 11945 15 (V) 15 14457 12157 11 (H) 11 14270 11970 16 (H) 16 14470 12170 12 (V) 12 14294 11994 17 (V) 17 13777 11488.67 13L (H) 13A 14307 12007 19 (V) 19 13838 11549.67 13U (H) 13B 14331 12031 14L (V) 54 14331 12031 21 (v) 21 13899 11610.67 14 (V) 14 14343 12043 23 (V) 23 13958.67 11670.34 14U (V) 64 14355 12055 15 (H) 15 14368 12068 16L (V) 56 14380 12080 16 (V) 16 14392 12092 16U (V) 66 14404 12104 17 (H) 17 14420 12120 18L (V) 58 14429 12129 18 (V) 18 14441 12141 18U (V) 68 14453 12153 19L (H) 59 14454 12154 Downlink polarization for each transponder 19 (H) 19 14466 12166 denoted in parenthesis. 19U (H) 69 14478 12178 W ° 1 DBS W 118.9 ° North American Satellite ECHOSTAR W) C1 ° C-Band SATCOM A1 137.0 W ° W C-Band ° (144.0

C & Ku Band BRAZILSAT C4 C-Band 139.0 AURORA C-Band 2/SATCOM SATCOM 135.0 W ° W 1R ° C-Band GALAXY 133.0 C3 C-Band W SATCOM 131.0 ° 7 W ° 9 129.0 TELSTAR C/Ku-Band C-Band W GALAXY 127.0 ° 5 W ° C-Band GALAXY 125.0 10R Hybrid W) GALAXY 123.0 ° C/Ku-Band 2 W ° Hybrid MORELOS (120.0 C/Ku-Band 4 DBS W ° 119.35 ECHOSTAR 2 DBS W 119.05 ° ECHOSTAR 6 DBS W 119.0 ° ECHOSTAR 2 DBS W TEMPO ° 118.8 5 Hybrid W 116.8 SATMEX SATMEX C/Ku-Band ° F2 W Hybrid ° 113.0 C/Ku-Band E1 SOLIDARIDAD ANIK Hybrid W 111.1 C/Ku-Band °

1 5 DBS W ° 110.1 DIRECTV 5 DBS 110.0 W ECHOSTAR ° F1

Hybrid 48 W 109.2 ° C/Ku-Band SOLIDARIDAD E2 ANIK W) Hybrid ° 107.3 C/Ku-Band C1 W ANIK ° Ku-Band (106.3 4A GSTAR Ku-Band 105.0 W ° 1 GE W Hybrid 103 ° C/Ku-Band 1R DBS W ° DIRECTV 101.07 4 GE ( ) DENOTES INCLINED ORBIT Hybrid W 101.0 ° C/Ku-Band 2 DBS W 100.9 ° DIRECTV 3 DBS W DIRECTV 100.85 ° 4R Hybrid 99.0 W GALAXY ° C/Ku-Band 5 Hybrid 97.0 TELSTAR C/Ku-Band W ° 8 W 95.0 GALAXY Ku-Band ° 3R Hybrid 95.0 GALAXY C/Ku-Band W ° 6 Hybrid 93.0 TELSTAR C/Ku-Band W ° Hybrid W 91.0 ° C/Ku-Band GALAXY 11 7 Hybrid W 91.0 GALAXY ° C/Ku-Band DBS NIMIQ 91.0 W ° 4 Hybrid W 89.0 ° TELSTAR C/Ku-Band GE-3 Hybrid 87.0 W C/Ku-Band ° W) GE-2 ° Hybrid 85.0 K2 C/Ku-Band Ku-Band W SATCOM (81.0 ° W Hybrid 81.0 ° C/Ku-Band SPACENET 4 SPACENET GE-5 W ° W 79.0 Ku-Band ° 4 SBS D4 77.0 Ku-Band C-Band 76.0 COMSTAR W W ° ° 6 6 SBS C-Band 74.0 74.0 GALAXY Ku-Band W ° W ° 1 3 DBS 71.8 Ku-Band NAHUEL 61.5 ECHOSTAR ECHOSTAR DISH Network Video/Audio Programming Services

Echostar 1 = 148° DBS-Ku Echostar 4 = 119.35° DBS-Ku Echostar 2 = 119.05° DBS-Ku Echostar 5 = 110.0° DBS-Ku Echostar 3 = 61.5° DBS-Ku Echostar 6 = 119.0° DBS-Ku DISH Network Video/Audio Programming Services: 100 DISH NET NEWS 166 COUNTRY MUSIC TELEVISION 102 USA NETWORK 168 THE NASHVILLE NETWORK 104 COMEDY CENTRAL 169 NOGGIN 106 NICK AT NITE’S TV LAND 170 NICKELODEON/NICK AT NITE (EAST) 108 LIFETIME 171 NICKELODEON/NICK AT NITE (WEST) 110 TV FOOD NETWORK 172 DISNEY CHANNEL (EAST) 5 112 HOME & GARDEN NETWORK 173 DISNEY CHANNEL (WEST) 114 E! ENTERTAINMENT TELEVISION 174 TOON DISNEY 116 GAME SHOW NETWORK 176 THE CARTOON NETWORK 49 117 DISCOVERY PEOPLE 178 THE LEARNING CHANNEL 118 ARTS & ENTERTAINMENT 180 THE FAMILY CHANNEL 120 THE HISTORY CHANNEL 181 PAX TV 122 THE SCI-FI CHANNEL 182 DISCOVERY CHANNEL 124 BLACK ENTERTAINMENT TV 184 ANIMAL PLANET 129 BRAVO 191 ZDTV 130 AMERICAN MOVIE CLASSICS 200 CABLE NEWS NETWORK 131 ROMANCE CLASSICS/INDEPENDENT 202 HEADLINE NEWS FILM CHANNEL 204 COURT TV 132 TURNER CLASSIC MOVIES 205 FOX NEWS CHANNEL 135 BBC America 206 CNN FINANCIAL/CNN INTERNATIONAL 137 FX 207 BLOOMBERG INFORMATION TV 138 TURNER NETWORK TELEVISION 208 CNBC 140 ESPN 209 MSNBC 142 ESPNEWS 210 C-SPAN 143 ESPN CLASSIC 212 C-SPAN2 144 ESPN2 213 NASA CHANNEL 145 ESPN ALTERNATE 214 THE WEATHER CHANNEL 146 ESPN ALTERNATE 216 AMERICA’S VOICE 153 OUTDOOR CHANNEL 220 THE TRAVEL CHANNEL 160 MTV: MUSIC TELEVISION 222 HOME SHOPPING NETWORK 161 M2: MUSIC TELEVISION 224 SHOP AT HOME NETWORK 162 VH1 MUSIC FIRST 226 QVC DISH Network Video/Audio Programming Services

DISH Network Video/Audio Programming Services: 228 VALUE VISION 321 SHOWTIME 3 EAST 230 TBS 322 SHOWTIME EXTREME 232 KTLA 323 SHOWTIME BEYOND 234 WPIX 327 THE MOVIE CHANNEL EAST 235 KWGN 328 THE MOVIE CHANNEL WEST 236 WSBK 332 SUNDANCE CHANNEL 238 WWOR 333 FLIX 239 WGN 340 ENCORE EAST 241 NBC EAST 342 ENCORE WESTERNS 242 NBC WEST 350 STARZ EAST 5 243 CBS EAST 351 STARZ THEATER 244 CBS WEST 401 THE GOLF CHANNEL 50 245 ABC EAST 405 TV GAMES NETWORK 246 ABC WEST 412 MADISON SQUARE GARDEN 247 FOX EAST 413 FOX SPORTS NEW YORK 248 FOX WEST 414 FOX SPORTS ROCKY MOUNTAIN 249 PBS 415 FOX SPORTS ARIZONA 260 TRINITY BROADCASTING NETWORK 416 FOX SPORTS SOUTHWEST 261 EWTN 417 FOX SPORTS WEST 262 ANGEL ONE 418 FOX SPORTS MIDWEST 270 UNIVISION 419 FOX SPORTS BAY AREA 272 GALAVISION 420 FOX SPORTS SOUTH 300 HBO EAST 421 FOX SPORTS CHICAGO 301 HBO PLUS EAST 422 SUNSHINE 302 HBO SIGNATURE EAST 423 SPORTSCHANNEL FLORIDA 303 HBO WEST 424 HOME TEAM SPORTS 304 HBO PLUS WEST 425 FOX SPORTS OHIO 305 HBO FAMILY 426 FOX SPORTS NORTHWEST 310 CINEMAX EAST 427 FOX SPORTS CINCINNATI 311 CINEMAX WEST 428 FOX SPORTS PITTSBURGH 312 MOREMAX 430 FOX SPORTS DETROIT 318 SHOWTIME EAST 432 EMPIRE 319 SHOWTIME WEST 434 NEW ENGLAND SPORTS NETWORK 320 SHOWTIME 2 EAST 435 FOX SPORTS NEW ENGLAND DISH Network Video/Audio Programming Services

DISH Network Video/Audio Programming Services: 436 MIDWEST SPORTS CHANNEL 525 DISH-ON-DEMAND 451 ALTERNATE 1 531 DISH-ON-DEMAND 452 ALTERNATE 2 532 DISH-ON-DEMAND 453 ALTERNATE 3 533 DISH-ON-DEMAND 495 TeN 534 DISH-ON-DEMAND 496 EXTASY 535 DISH-ON-DEMAND 497 PLAYBOY 581 TRACKPOWER 498 PLAYBOY EN ESPANOL 582 TRACKPOWER 499 PLEASURE 585 THE RACING NETWORK 5 500 DISH-ON-DEMAND PROMOS 586 THE RACING NETWORK 501 DISH-ON-DEMAND PROMOS 587 THE RACING NETWORK 51 502 DISH-ON-DEMAND 588 THE RACING NETWORK 503 DISH-ON-DEMAND 592 NTV 504 DISH-ON-DEMAND 593 NTV PLUS 505 DISH-ON-DEMAND 596 GLOBO (Portuguese) 506 DISH-ON-DEMAND 600 RAI 507 DISH-ON-DEMAND 602 MEGAcosmos 508 DISH-ON-DEMAND 603 ERT Sat 509 DISH-ON-DEMAND 604 ANTENNA TV 510 DISH-ON-DEMAND 606 TV5 511 DISH-ON-DEMAND 608 TV POLONIA 512 DISH-ON-DEMAND 610 ZEE TV 513 DISH-ON-DEMAND 611 ZEE TV 514 DISH-ON-DEMAND 612 TV ASIA 515 DISH-ON-DEMAND 613 TV ASIA 516 DISH-ON-DEMAND 615 RTPI 517 DISH-ON-DEMAND 617 ZEE GOLD 518 DISH-ON-DEMAND 620 TELEMUNDO 519 DISH-ON-DEMAND 621 DISCOVERY EN ESPANOL 520 DISH-ON-DEMAND 622 GEMS 521 DISH-ON-DEMAND 625 TV CHILE 522 DISH-ON-DEMAND 626 CBS TELENOTICIAS 523 DISH-ON-DEMAND 627 SUR 524 DISH-ON-DEMAND 628 FOX SPORTS WORLD ESPANOL DISH Network Video/Audio Programming Services

DISH Network Video/Audio Programming Services: 629 HTV 710 WTAE - ABC Pittsburgh 630 MTV-S 711 WSB - ABC Atlanta 631 CINE LATINO 712 WLS - ABC Chicago 632 GRAN CANAL LATINO 713 WFAA - ABC Dallas 633 CD - LATINO POP 715 WFAA - ABC Dallas 634 CD - VIVA MARIACHI 716 KGO - ABC San Francisco 635 CD - FIESTA MEXICANA 717 KNXV - ABC Phoneix 636 CD - LATINO STYLES 718 KMGH - ABC Denver 637 CD - MIAMI MIX 719 KTVX - ABC Salt Lake City 638 CD - TEJANO 720 KOMO - ABC Seattle 5 639 TV JAPAN 721 KSTP - ABC Minneapolis 650 ART 723 WXYZ - ABC Detroit 52 651 ART MOVIES 725 WUSA - CBS Washington, D.C. 652 LBC 726 WBBM - CBS Chicago 653 ALJAZEERA 727 WBZ - CBS Boston 654 CHANNEL KOREA 728 WBZ - CBS Boston 655 RADIO MARIA SPANISH 729 WUSA - CBS Washington, D.C. 658 RADIO MARIA ITALY (Italian) 730 WCBS - CBS New York City 660 RADIO FRANCE INTERNATIONALE 731 WGNX - CBS Atlanta 662 POLSKIE RADIO PROGRAM 1 732 WFOR - CBS Miami 663 POLSKIE RADIO PROGRAM 3 733 KDKA - CBS Pittsburgh 664 RADIO MARIA POLAND (Polish) 734 WFOR - CBS Miami 668 AL ZIKR 735 KDKA - CBS Pittsburgh 669 ART MUSIC 736 WGNX - CBS Atlanta 700 WJLA - ABC Washington, D.C. 737 WBBM - CBS Chicago 701 WLS - ABC Chicago 738 KTVT - CBS Dallas 702 WCVB - ABC Boston 740 KTVT - CBS Dallas 703 WCVB - ABC Boston 741 KPIX - CBS San Francisco 704 WJLA - ABC Washington, D.C. 742 KPHO - CBS Phoneix 705 WABC - ABC New York City 743 KCNC - CBS Denver 706 WSB - ABC Atlanta 744 KUTV - CBS Salt Lake City 707 WPLG - ABC Miami 745 KIRO - CBS Seattle 708 WTAE - ABC Pittsburgh 746 WCCO - CBS Minneapolis 709 WPLG - ABC Miami 748 WWJ - CBS Detroit DISH Network Video/Audio Programming Services

DISH Network Video/Audio Programming Services: 750 WRC - NBC Washington, D.C. 787 WFLD - FOX Chicago 751 WMAQ - NBC Chicago 788 KDFW - FOX Dallas 752 WHDH - NBC Boston 790 KDFW - FOX Dallas 753 WHDH - NBC Boston 791 KTVU - FOX San Francisco 754 WRC - NBC Washington, D.C. 792 KSAZ - FOX Phoneix 755 WNBC - NBC New York City 793 KDVR - FOX Denver 756 WXIA - NBC Atlanta 794 KSTU - FOX Salt Lake City 757 WTVJ - NBC Miami 795 KCPQ - FOX Seattle 758 WPXI - NBC Pittsburgh 796 WFTC - FOX Minneapolis 5 759 WTVJ - NBC Miami 798 WJBK - FOX Detroit 760 WPXI - NBC Pittsburgh 815 KJZZ - UPN Salt Lake City 53 761 WXIA - NBC Atlanta 830 WGBH - PBS Boston 762 WMAQ - NBC Chicago 835 WGBH - PBS Boston 763 KXAS - NBC Dallas 870 WPVI - ABC Philadelphia 765 KXAS - NBC Dallas 871 WKRN - ABC Nashville 766 KRON - NBC San Francisco 872 KTRK - ABC Houston 767 KPNX - NBC Phoneix 874 KMBC - ABC Kansas City 768 KUSA - NBC Denver 877 KYW - CBS Philadelphia 769 KSL - NBC Salt Lake City 878 WTVF - CBS Nashville 770 KING - NBC Seattle 879 KHOU - CBS Houston 771 KARE - NBC Minneapolis 881 KCTV-CBS Kansas City 773 WDIV - NBC Detroit 884 WCAU - NBC Philadelphia 775 WTTG - FOX Washington, D.C. 885 WSMV - NBC Nashville 776 WFLD - FOX Chicago 886 KPRC - NBC Houston 777 WFXT - FOX Boston 888 KSHB - NBC Kansas City 778 WFXT - FOX Boston 891 WTXF - FOX Philadelphia 779 WTTG - FOX Washington, D.C. 892 WZTV - FOX Nashville 780 WNYW - FOX New York City 893 KRIV- FOX Houston 781 WAGA - FOX Atlanta 895 WDAF - FOX Kansas City 782 WSVN - FOX Miami 950 NEW COUNTRY 783 WPGH - FOX Pittsburgh 951 COUNTRY CLASSICS 784 WSVN - FOX Miami 952 COUNTRY CURRENTS 785 WPGH - FOX Pittsburgh 953 JUKEBOX GOLD 786 WAGA - FOX Atlanta 954 70S SONGBOOK DISH Network Video/Audio Programming Services

DISH Network Video/Audio Programming Services: 955 ADULT FAVORITES 9411 NORTHERN ARIZONA UNIVERSITY 956 ADULT CONTEMPORARY 9412 UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA 957 ADULT ALTERNATIVE 9413 DELLL 958 HOT HITS 9414 MAYERSON ACADEMY 959 CLASSIC ROCK 9415 FREE SPEECH TV 960 MODERN ROCK ALTERNATIVE 9416 GOOD SAMARITAN NETWORK 961 POWER ROCK 962 NON-STOP HIP HOP 963 URBAN BEAT 964 LATIN STYLES 5 965 FIESTA MEXICANA 966 EUROSTYLE 54 967 JAZZ TRADITIONS 968 CONTEMPORARY JAZZ FLAVORS 969 ACOUSTIC CROSSROADS 970 CONTEMPORARY INSTRUMENTALS 971 CONCERT CLASSICS 972 LIGHT CLASSICAL 973 EASY INSTRUMENTALS 974 BIG BAND ERA 975 CONTEMPORARY CHRISTIAN 976 KIDTUNES 977 NEW AGE 978 BLUES 979 REGGAE 988 SHOWROOM PROMOTIONS 990 LDS RADIO NETWORK 9400 RESEARCH TV 9401 HITN 9402 PBS YOU 9403 BYU 9410 LINKMEDIA DIRECTV Video/Audio Programming Services DIRECTV 1R = 101.07˚W DIRECTV 1 = 110.1˚W DIRECTV 2 = 100.9˚W DIRECTV 6 = 118.8˚W DIRECTV 3 = 100.85˚W DIRECTV Video/Audio Programming Services: 100-199 DIRECT TICKET Pay-Per-View 273 Bravo Movies & Events 278 Discovery Health Channel 200 DIRECTV BIG EVENTS 280 The Learning Channel (TLC) 201 Customer Service Update 282 Animal Planet 202 CNN 290 Disney Channel (East) 203 Court TV 291 Disney Channel (West) 204 Headline News 292 Toon Disney 5 205 CNN/Sports Illustrated 296 Cartoon Network 206 ESPN 299 Nickelodeon/Nick at Nite (East) 55 207 ESPNEWS 300 Nickelodeon/Nick at Nite (West) 208 ESPN2 301 TV Land 212 DIRECTV This Month ON SPORTS 307 WGN Superstation 220 DIRECTV Sports Schedule 309 Game Show Network 229 Home & Garden Television (HGTV) 311 Fox Family Channel 231 Food Network 313 Discovery People 233 Travel Channel 315 TRIO 236 E! Entertainment Television 317 QVC 240 Home Shopping Network (HSN) 325 The Nashville Network (TNN) 242 USA Network 327 Country Music Television (CMT 244 SCI FI Channel 329 Black Entertainment Television (BET) 245 TNT 331 MTV 247 TBS Superstation 333 MTV2 248 FX 335 VH1 249 Comedy Central 339 MuchMusic 252 Lifetime 350 C-SPAN 254 American Movie Classics (AMC) 351 C-SPAN2 256 Turner Classic Movies (TCM) 353 Bloomberg Television 258 fXM: Movies from Fox 354 ZDTV 260 Romance Classics 355 CNBC 264 BBC America 356 MSNBC 265 A&E Network 358 CNNfn/CNN International 269 The History Channel 360 Fox News Channel DIRECTV Video/Audio Programming Services DIRECTV Video/Audio Programming Services: 362 The Weather Channel 530 Encore Mystery 364 All News Channel 531 Encore True Stories 366 Newsworld International 532 Encore Action 368 The Health Network 533 Encore WAM! 370 ValueVision 537 SHOWTIME East 372 Trinity Broadcasting Network (TBN) 538 SHOWTIME Two 380 CBS East* 539 SHOWTIME Three 381 CBS West* 540 SHOWTIME West 382 NBC East* 542 SHOWTIME Extreme 383 NBC West* 544 The Movie Channel East 384 PBS* 545 The Movie Channel West 5 386 ABC East* 547 FLIX 387 ABC West* 549 Sundance Channel 56 388 FOX East* 550 Independent Film Channel (IFC) 402 Univision 593 DIRECT TICKET® Pay Per View Previews 404 Galavision 594 DIRECTV BIG EVENTS 500 DIRECTV Platinum Presents 595 PLAYBOY TV 501 HBO 600 DIRECTV Platinum Presents 502 HBO Plus 601 DIRECTV This Month ON SPORTS 503 HBO Signature 603 DIRECTV Sports Schedule 504 HBO West 605 The Golf Channel 505 HBO Plus West 606 ESPN Classic 507 HBO Family 607 Speedvision 508 HBO Family West 608 Outdoor Life Network 512 Cinemax East 613 FOX Sports World 513 Cinemax MoreMAX 620 FOX Sports New England 514 Cinemax West 621 Madison Square Garden (MSG) 520 STARZ! East 623 New England Sports Network (NESN) 521 STARZ! West 624 FOX Sports New York 522 STARZ! Theater East 626 Empire Sports Network 523 STARZ! Theater West 628 FOX Sports Pittsburgh 526 Encore East 629 Home Team Sports (HTS) 527 Encore West 630 FOX Sports South 528 Encore Love Stories 632 Sunshine Network 529 Encore Westerns 634 SPORTSCHANNEL Florida DIRECTV Video/Audio Programming Services DIRECTV Video/Audio Programming Services: 636 FOX Sports Detroit 816 Music Choice Metal 637 FOX Sports Ohio 817 Music Choice Alternative Rock 638 FOX Sports Cincinnati 818 Music Choice Progressive 639 FOX Sports Chicago 819 Music Choice Classic Rock 641 Midwest Sports Channel (MSC) 821 Music Choice Soft Rock 643 FOX Sports Southwest 822 Music Choice Hit List 645 FOX Sports Rocky Mountain 823 Music Choice '80s 647 FOX Sports Midwest 824 Music Choice '70s 649 FOX Sports Arizona 825 Music Choice Solid Gold Oldies 651 FOX Sports Northwest 828 Music Choice Today's Country 5 652 FOX Sports West 829 Music Choice Classic Country 653 FOX Sports West 2 830 Music Choice Big Band 57 654 FOX Sports Bay Area 831 Music Choice Singers & Standards 699 DIRECTV Sports Schedule 833 Music Choice Easy Listening 700 DIRECTV This Month ON SPORTS 834 Music Choice Classical Masterpieces 701 NFL SUNDAY TICKET EXTRA 836 Music Choice Classical Light 703 NFL SUNDAY SNAP 838 Music Choice Atmospheres 704-717 NFL SUNDAY TICKET™ 839 Music Choice Jazz Light 723-733 NBA LEAGUE PASS 840 Music Choice Jazz 723-727 WNBA SEASON PASS 841 Music Choice Blues 740-750 NHL® CENTER ICE® 842 Music Choice Gospel 753 DIRECTV Sports Schedule 843 Music Choice Contemporary Christian 754-768 MLB EXTRA INNINGSSM 770-779 ESPN GamePlan 780-793 ESPN FULL COURT 794-799 MLS/ESPN SHOOTOUT™ 802 Music Choice Showcase I 804 Music Choice New Releases 805 Music Choice American Originals 806 Music Choice Sounds of the Seasons 808 Music Choice World Beat 811 Music Choice R&B Hits 812 Music Choice Dance 813 Music Choice Channel X 814 Music Choice Rap Bell ExpressVu Video/Audio Programming Services Nimiq 91°West Longitude Bell ExpressVu Programming Services: 100 SOCIETE RADIO CANADA (CBFT) 137 SUPER ECRAN - MONTREAL MONTREAL 150 BELL EXPRESSVU FRENCH 101 SOCIETE RADIO CANADA PAY PER VIEW PREVIEWS (CBUFT) VANCOUVER 151 BELL EXPRESSVU FRENCH 102 RESEAU D'INFORMATION PAY PER VIEW MONTREAL 152 BELL EXPRESSVU FRENCH 103 TELEVISION QUATRE SAISONS PAY PER VIEW (CFJP) - MON. 153 BELL EXPRESSVU FRENCH 104 CFTM - MONTREAL PAY PER VIEW 5 105 CFTM - MONTREAL 154 BELL EXPRESSVU FRENCH 107 LE CHANNEL NOUVELLES PAY PER VIEW (NUVLE) MONTREAL 155 BELL EXPRESSVU FRENCH 58 108 RESEAU DE SPORT - MONTREAL PAY PER VIEW 109 MUSIQUE PLUS - MONTREAL 156 BELL EXPRESSVU FRENCH 110 MUSIMAX - MONTREAL PAY PER VIEW 111 TELETOON FRENCH - EDMONTON 157 BELL EXPRESSVU FRENCH 112 TELETOON FRENCH WEST - PAY PER VIEW EDMONTON 158 BELL EXPRESSVU FRENCH 113 CANAL FAMILLE - MONTREAL PAY PER VIEW 114 CANAL D - MONTREAL 159 BELL EXPRESSVU FRENCH 115 CANAL SAVOIR - MONTREAL PAY PER VIEW 116 TELEQUEBEC - MONTREAL 169 BELL EXPRESSVU FRENCH 117 TELEVISION FRANCAIS ADULT PAY PER VIEW ONTARIO TORONTO 171 CANAL INDIGO - MONTREAL 118 TV5 - LE TELEVISION 172 CANAL INDIGO - MONTREAL INTERNATIONALE -MONT. 195 XPRS CHANNEL 119 CANAL VIE - MONTREAL 196 XPRS CHANNEL 125 L'ASSEMBLEE NATIONALE DU 197 XPRS CHANNEL QUEBEC - QUE. 198 XPRS CHANNEL 126 CABLE PUBLIC AFFAIRS CHANNEL 199 THE XPRS CHANNEL (FRENCH) 200 CBC HALIFAX (CBHT) 130 METEO MEDIA - MONTREAL 201 CTV ST. JOHN'S - (CJON) 135 SUPER ECRAN - MONTREAL 202 ATV - ST. JOHN - CTV - (CJCH) 136 SUPER ECRAN - MONTREAL 203 ATLANTIC SATELLITE NETWORK HALIFAX Bell ExpressVu Video/Audio Programming Services

Bell ExpressVu Programming Services: 206 CTV - OTTAWA 334 L.A. SUPERSTATION 208 CTV - MONTREAL 390 JOCKEY CLUB - PAY PER VIEW 210 CBC TORONTO - (CBLT) 391 JOCKEY CLUB - PAY PER VIEW 212 CTV - CFTO - TORONTO 400 THE SPORTS NETWORK - TORONTO 213 CIII - GLOBAL TORONTO 402 REGIONAL FEEDS 214 CITY TV - TORONTO 403 EXPRESSVU NHL CHANNEL 215 ONTV - HAMILTON 405 CTV SPORTSNET ONTARIO 216 THE NEW VR - BARRIE 406 CTV SPORTSNET EAST 5 218 CFMT - TORONTO 407 CTV SPORTSNET PACIFIC 221 ITV - EDMONTON - (CITV) 408 CTV SPORTSNETWEST 222 THE A-CHANNEL - EDMONTON 411 NHL CHANNEL - PAY PER VIEW 59 223 CTV - EDMONTON 412 NHL CHANNEL - PAY PER VIEW 224 CBRT - CALGARY 413 NHL CHANNEL - PAY PER VIEW 227 CICT - CALGARY 7 414 NHL CHANNEL - PAY PER VIEW 231 CBC - WINNIPEG 415 NHL CHANNEL - PAY PER VIEW 232 GLOBAL - WINNIPEG 416 NHL CHANNEL - PAY PER VIEW 233 CTV- WINNIPEG 417 NHL CHANNEL - PAY PER VIEW 240 CBC - VANCOUVER- CBUT) 418 NHL CHANNEL - PAY PER VIEW 241 CTV VANCOUVER - (CHAN) 419 NHL CHANNEL - PAY PER VIEW 242 GLOBAL - VANCOUVER 420 NHL CHANNEL - PAY PER VIEW 243 VTV - VANCOUVER - (CIVT) 430 HEADLINE SPORTS - HLS - TORONTO 300 WHDH - BOSTON 431 SPEEDVISION - STANFORD, CA 301 WCVB - BOSTON 432 THE GOLF CHANNEL - ORLANDO, FLOR 302 WBZ - BOSTON 433 THE OUTDOOR LIFE NETWORK 303 WFXT - BOSTON OLN - TORONTO 320 CHICAGO SUPERSTATION 434 THE DISCOVERY CHANNEL - TORONTO 321 BOSTON SUPERSTATION (VPN) 435 THE HISTORY CHANNEL - TORONTO 322 NEW YORK SUPERSTATION (WB11) 436 THE LEARNING CHANNEL - 323 ATLANTA SUPERSTATION (TBS) WASHINGTON, DC 330 KING - SEATTLE 437 COURT NETWORK - NEW YORK 331 KOMO - SEATTLE 438 VISION - TORONTO 332 KIRO- SEATTLE 439 CROSSROADS TV SYSTEM (CTS) 333 KCPQ - SEATTLE BURL, ONT. Bell ExpressVu Video/Audio Programming Services

Bell ExpressVu Programming Services: 440 CANADIAN LEARNING TELEVISION 462 WOMEN'S TELEVISION NETWORK TORONTO WINNIPEG 441 ABORIGINALS PEOPLES TV NET 470 MUCH MUSIC - TORONTO WINNIPEG 471 MUCH MORE MUSIC - TORONTO 442 WGBH - BOSTON 472 COUNTRY MUSIC TELEVISION 443 KCTS - SEATTLE CALGARY 444 TELEVISION ONTARIO - (CICA) 473 BET - WASHINGTON, DC TORONTO 479 GAMESHOW - BURBANK, CA 445 KNOWLEDGE NETWORK - 480 YOUTH TELEVISION - TORONTO 5 VANCOUVER 481 YOUTH TELEVISION - TORONTO 446 SCN - SASKATCHEWAN 482 THE FAMILY CHANNEL - EDMONTON 447 ACCESS - EDMONTON 483 THE FAMILY CHANNEL - EDMONTON 60 448 GLOBAL AFFILIATE - PRIME 484 TREEHOUSE TV - TORONTO TORONTO 486 TELETOON - EDMONTON 449 GLOBAL AFFILIATE - PRIME 487 TELETOON - EDMONTON 450 ARTS AND ENTERTAINMENT 490 CHILDREN'S PAY PER VIEW NEW YORK 491 CHILDREN'S PAY PER VIEW 451 BRAVO! - TORONTO 492 CHILDREN'S PAY PER VIEW 452 SHOWCASE TELEVISION 500 CABLE NEWS NETWORK - ATLANTA, TORONTO GEORGIA 453 SHOWCASE TELEVISION 501 BBC WORLD NEWS - ENGLAND TORONTO 502 HEADLINE NATIONAL NEWS - ATLANTA 454 THE SPACE NETWORK - TORONTO 503 CABLE PULSE 24 - TORONTO 455 THE COMEDY NETWORK 504 CABLE NAT. BROADCASTING CORP. TORONTO NEW JERSEY 456 THE COMEDY NETWORK - WEST 505 CTV NEWS NET - TORONTO 457 THE NASHVILLE NETWORK - 506 REPORT ON BUSINESS TV - HAMILTON NASHVILLE 507 STAR NETWORK - TORONTO 458 THE LIFE NETWORK - TORONTO 510 CABLE PUBLIC AFFAIRS - TORONTO 459 THE HOME AND GARDEN NETWORK 511 CBC NEWSWORLD - TORONTO TORONTO 512 THE WEATHER NETWORK - 460 THE HEALTH NETWORK - TORONTO LOS ANGELES 513 THE SHOPPING CHANNEL - 461 THE FOOD NETWORK - NEW YORK TORONTO Bell ExpressVu Video/Audio Programming Services

Bell ExpressVu Programming Services: 600 THE SUPERCHANNEL - EDMONTON 710 BELL EXPRESSVU 601 THE SUPERCHANNEL - EDMONTON PAY PER VIEW - TORONTO 602 THE SUPERCHANNEL - EDMONTON 711 BELL EXPRESSVU 603 MOVIE MAX - EDMONTON PAY PER VIEW - TORONTO 604 MOVIE MAX2 - EDMONTON 712 BELL EXPRESSVU 605 MOVIE PIX - TORONTO PAY PER VIEW - TORONTO 610 THE MOVIE NETWORK - TORONTO 713 BELL EXPRESSVU 611 THE MOVIE NETWORK - TORONTO PAY PER VIEW - TORONTO 5 612 THE MOVIE NETWORK - TORONTO 714 BELL EXPRESSVU 613 THE MOVIE NETWORK - TORONTO PAY PER VIEW - TORONTO 614 THE MOVIE NETWORK - TORONTO 715 BELL EXPRESSVU 61 667 VENUS INFORMATION CHANNEL PAY PER VIEW - TORONTO 668 PLAYBOY - BEVERLY HILLS 716 BELL EXPRESSVU 669 BELL EXPRESSVU ADULT PAY PER VIEW - TORONTO PAY PER VIEW PREVIEWS 717 BELL EXPRESSVU 700 BELL EXPRESSVU PAY PER VIEW - TORONTO PAY PER VIEW PREVIEWS 718 BELL EXPRESSVU 701 BELL EXPRESSVU PAY PER VIEW - TORONTO PAY PER VIEW - TORONTO 719 BELL EXPRESSVU 702 BELL EXPRESSVU PAY PER VIEW - TORONTO PAY PER VIEW - TORONTO 720 BELL EXPRESSVU 703 BELL EXPRESSVU PAY PER VIEW - TORONTO PAY PER VIEW - TORONTO 751 BELL EXPRESSVU 704 BELL EXPRESSVU ADULT PAY PER VIEW PAY PER VIEW - TORONTO 752 BELL EXPRESSVU 705 BELL EXPRESSVU ADULT PAY PER VIEW PAY PER VIEW - TORONTO 753 BELL EXPRESSVU 706 BELL EXPRESSVU ADULT PAY PER VIEW PAY PER VIEW - TORONTO 754 BELL EXPRESSVU 707 BELL EXPRESSVU ADULT PAY PER VIEW PAY PER VIEW - TORONTO 760 VIEWER'S CHOICE 708 BELL EXPRESSVU PREVIEWS - TORONTO PAY PER VIEW - TORONTO 761 VIEWER'S CHOICE - TORONTO 709 BELL EXPRESSVU 762 VIEWER'S CHOICE - TORONTO PAY PER VIEW - TORONTO Bell ExpressVu Video/Audio Programming Services

Bell ExpressVu Programming Services:

763 VIEWER'S CHOICE - TORONTO 923 GALAXIE ENVIRONMENT / ENVIRON- 764 VIEWER'S CHOICE - TORONTO NMENT 851 FAIRCHILD - TORONTO 924 GALAXIE POP CLASSICS / CLAS- 852 FAIRCHILD WEST SIQUES POPULAIRES 853 TELATINO NETWORK- TORONTO 925 GALAXIE ALL BAROQUE / BAROQUE 854 SOUTH ASIAN NETWORK - 926 GALAXIE CLASSIC MASTERS / NEWMARKET GRANDS CLASSIQUES 855 DEUTSCHE WELLE - GERMANY 927 GALAXIE CHAMBER MUSIC / 890 TDTV MUSIQUE DE CHAMBRE 5 892 BUSINESS TV 928 GALAXIE THE 80'S 901 GALAXIE ROCK 929 GALAXIE KIDS STUFF 902 GALAXIE NEW ROCK 930 GALAXIE MOUSSES MUSIQUE 62 903 GALAXIE ADULT ALTERNATIVE 960 CBC RADIO ONE 904 GALAXIE POP ADULT 961 RADIO-CANADA (RADIO AM) 905 GALAXIE AMBIENT LOUNGE FRANCAIS 906 GALAXIE RHYTHM MACHINE 962 CBC RADIO TWO 907 GALAXIE HIT LIST 963 RADIO-CANADA (CHAINE CUL- 908 GALAXIE NEW COUNTRY TURELLE FM) 909 GALAXIE COUNTRY CLASSICS 964 THE FAN 590 - ALL SPORTS RADIO - 910 GALAXIE FRANCO COUNTRY TORONTO 911 GALAXIE FRANCO ROCK 965 DEUTSCHE WELLE RADIO 1 912 GALAXIE FRANCO ROMANCE 966 DEUTSCHE WELLE RADIO 2 913 GALAXIE FRANCO SUCCES 967 NEWSWORLD VOICE PRINT DATA 914 GALAXIE NOSTALGIE PROGRAMMING 915 GALAXIE BIG BAND SWING 968 Q107 - TORONTO 916 GALAXIE JAZZ MASTERS / GEANTS 969 CKAC AM - MONTREAL DE JAZZ 970 CJRT FM - TORONTO 917 GALAXIE JAZZ NOW / JAZZ ACTUEL 971 CLASSICAL 96 FM - TORONTO 918 GALAXIE BLUES TIME 972 WAHSA FM 919 GALAXIE FOLK ROOTS 973 CJAD AM - MONTREAL 920 GALAXIE GLOBAL VILLAGE / 974 WRN FM MUSIQUES DE MONDE 975 COUNTRY FM 105 - CALGARY 921 GALAXIE ROCKANDROLL 976 POWER FM 97.5 - WINNIPEG 922 GALAXIE SMOOTH AWAY / EVASION 977 NEW ROCK EDGE 102 - TORONTO 980 RADIO IGA (FOR BUSINESS ONLY) WSNet Video/Audio Programming Services T6 = 93°West Longitude

WSNet Programming Services:

WSNet 1 WSNet 2 (Transponder 15 vert. 1241 L-band) (Transponder 27 vert. 1427 L-band) 200 ESPN 232 E! EAST 202 ESPN ALTERNATE 234 COURT TV 223 TBS 247 WEATHER 225 USA EAST 260 OXYGEN 5 227 DISCOVERY EAST 263 FOOD 229 A&E 280 AMC 300 ODYSSEY 63 240 CNN 301 Nickelodeon East 302 Toon 350 CMTV

WSNet 3 (Transponder 18 horz. 1278.5 L-band) 221 FX EAST 243 MSNBC 244 CNBC 245 CNN FN 262 DIY 315 HSN 345 VH1 EAST 355 BET WSNet Video/Audio Programming Services

T6 = 93°West Longitude

WSNet Programming Services: WSNet 4 WSNet 5 (Transponder 10 horz. 1154.5 L-band) (Transponder 8 horz. 1123.5 L-band) 222 TNT EAST 220 TNN EAST 224 WGN 233 GALAVISION EAST 226 LIFETIME EAST 317 TV LAND 228 TLC EAST 319 BOOMERANG 241 HEADLINE NEWS 322 DISNEY EAST 5 249 C-SPAN 480 RUSSIAN NETWORK 250 C-SPAN2 64 307 ANIMAL PLANET 308 TRAVEL 340 MTV EAST TV STATIONS

Florence WOWL-TV 15 14 NB 0 KDMD 33 32 HS 0 LEGEND WYLE 2 20 WB Bethel KYUK-TV 4 3 PB 0 AB Indicates ABC WFIQ 36 22 PB - Dillingham * 2 9 * 0 CB Indicates CBS Gadsden WNAL-TV 44 45 CB + Fairbanks KATN 2 18 AB, NB Indicates NBC WTJP 60 26 IN 0 NB + FO Indicates Fox Huntsville WHNT-TV 19 59 CB 0 KFXF 7 22 FO + KUAC -TV 9 24 PB + UP Indicates UPN WHIQ 25 24 PB + WAAY-TV 31 32 AB + KTVF 11 26 CB, WB Indicates WBN WZDX 54 49 FO 0 NB + HS Indicates HSN Huntsville-Decatur *1328*+ TB Indicates TBN WAFF 48 41 NB - Juneau KTOO-TV 3 6 PB 0 KJUD 8 11 AB, UN Indicates Univision Louisville WGIQ 43 42 PB + Mobile WKRG-TV 5 27CB + NB 0 TE Indicates Telemundo WALA-TV 10 9 FO + Ketchikan KNEB 4 13 CB, 5 AB 0 PB Indicates PBS WPMI 15 26 NB + *98*0 ED Indicates Educational WMPV-TV 21 20 TB + North Pole KJNP-TV 4 20 TB + 65 IN Indicates Independent WEIQ 42 18 PB 0 Sitka KTNL 13 2 CB 0 Montgomery WSFA 12 57 NB 0 * DATA Pending ARIZONA ▼▲ ✪ ▼ Indicates Channel WCOV-TV 20 16 FO 0 WAIQ 26 14 PB + Flagstaff KNAZ-TV 2 22 NB 0 Number Column KTFL 4 18 * + ▲ Indicates HDTV WHOA-TV 32 51 AB 0 WMCF-TV 45 46 IN - KCFG 9 28 * 0 Channel Number KWBF 13 27WB 0 Column Mount Cheaha State Park WCIQ 7 56 PB - Green Valley KXGR 46 47 * 0 ✪ Indicates Frequency Opelika-Auburn Kingman KMOH-TV 6 19 WB - Allocation Position 0 ±10 KHz WSWS 66 31 WB 0 Lake Havasu City ALABAMA ▼▲ ✪ Ozark WDFX-TV 34 33 FO - KMCC 34 35 * + Anniston WJSU-TV 40 58 AB - Selma WAKA 8 55CB - Mesa KPNX 12 36 NB - Bessemer WDBB 17 18 FO 0 Troy WRJM-TV 67 48 * 0 Phoenix KTVK 3 24 IN + Birmingham TuscaloosaWCFT-TV 33 34 AB 0 KPHO-TV 5 17 CB - WBRC-TV 6 50 FO - Tuskegee * 22 24 * - KAET 8 29 PB + W81Q 10 53 PB - ALASKA ▼▲ ✪ KSAZ-TV 10 23 FO - WVTM-TV 13 52 NB - Anchorage KTUU-TV 2 18 NB - KNXV-TV 15 14 AB - WTTO 21 28 IN - KTBY 4 20 FO - KPAZ-TV 21 20 TB 0 WBMG 42 30 CB + KYES 5 22 UP, KTVW-TV 33 34 UN 0 WABM 68 36 UP + WB 0 KUTP 45 26 UP 0 Demopolis WIIQ 41 19 PB 0 KAKM 7 24 PB - KASW 61 49 FO, Dothan WTVY 4 36 CB 0 *926*- WB 0 WDHN 18 21 AB 0 KTVA 11 28 CB - Prescott KUSK 7 25 IN 0 Dozier WDIQ 2 59 PB - KIMO 13 30 AB - Sierra Vista KWBA 58 44 * 0 TV STATIONS

Tolleson KAJW 51 52 * 0 Bakersfield KGET 17 25 NB 0 Merced KNSO 51 38 WB 0 Tucson KVOA 4 31 NB - KERO-TV 23 10 AB - Modesto KUVS 19 18 UN - KUAT-TV 6 30 PB + KBAK-TV 29 33 CB 0 Monterey KION 46 32 CB - KGUN 9 35 AB - KUZZ-TV 45 55 UP + Novato KWOK 68 17 * 0 KMSB-TV 11 25 FO 0 Barstow KHIZ 64 44 IN 0 Oakland KTVU 2 56 FO + KOLD-TV 13 32 CB - Calipatria KAJB 54 50 * 0 Ontario KHSC 46 47 HS 0 KTTU-TV 18 19 UP - Ceres KBSV 23 15 ED 0 Oxnard KADY 63 24 UP + KUAS-TV 27 28 PB - Chico KHSL-TV 12 43 CB - Palm Springs KMIR 36 46 NB - KHRR 40 41 TE 0 KCPM 24 36 NB + KESQ 42 52 AB 0 Yuma KYMA 11 41 NB - Clovis KGMC 43 44 WB 0 Paradise KCVU 30 20 UP 0 KSWT 13 16 CB, Concord KTNC-TV 42 63 IN 0 Porterville KKAG 61 48 IN 0 TE + Corona KVEA 52 39 TE 0 Ranchos Palos Verdes ▼▲ ✪ ARKANSAS Cotati KRCB 22 23 PB - KMCC 44 51 * + Arkadelphia KETG 9 46 PB + El Centro KVYE 7 22 UN + Redding KRCR-TV 7 14 IN 0 5 El Dorado KTVE 10 27 * - KECY-TV 9 48 FO + KIXE-TV 9 18 PB 0 Fayetteville KAFT 13 45 PB - Eureka KIEM-TV 3 16 NB - Riverside KRCA 62 69 IN 0 KHOG-TV 29 15 AB + KVIQ-TV 6 17 CB - Sacramento KCRA 3 35 NB 0 66 Fort Smith KFSM-TV 5 18 CB - KEET 13 11 PB + KVIE 6 53 PB 0 KPOM-TV 24 17 NB + KBVU 29 28 FO 0 KXTV 10 61 AB 0 KHBS 40 21 AB - Fort Bragg KFWU 8 15 AB - KCMY 29 48 HS - Hot Springs KVTH 26 14 IN 0 Fresno KVPT 18 40 PB + KPWB 31 21 UP - Jonesboro KAIT-TV 8 58 AB - KSEE 24 16 NB 0 KTXL 40 55 FO - KTEJ 19 20 PB - KFSN-TV 30 9 AB + Salinas KSBW 8 43 NB + KTVJ 48 49 * + KJEO 47 14 CB 0 KCBA 35 13 FO - Little Rock KETS 2 47 PB - KAIL 53 7 UP 0 KSMS 67 31 UN - KARK-TV 4 32 NB 0 Hanford KFTV 21 20 UN 0 San Bernadino KSCI 18 61 IN - KATV 7 22 AB - Huntington Beach KVCR 24 26 PB - KTHV 11 12 CB + KOCE 50 48 PB - KZKI 30 38 IN 0 KLRT 16 33 FO - Los Angeles KCBS 2 60 CB 0 San Diego KFMB 8 55 CB 0 KVUT 42 43 * 0 KNBC 4 36 NB 0 KGTV 10 25 AB 0 Mountain View KTLA 5 68 WB 0 KPBS 15 30 PB 0 KEMV 6 35 PB - KABC 7 8 AB 0 KNSD 39 40 NB 0 Newark KLEP 17 26 ED 0 KCAL 9 43 IN 0 KUSI 51 18 UP 0 Pine Bluff KVTN 25 24 IN - KTTV 11 65 FO 0 KSWB 69 19 WB 0 KASN 38 39 UP - KCOP 13 66 UP 0 San Francisco KRON 4 57 NB - Rogers KFAA 51 50 NB - KWHY 22 42 IN 0 KPIX 5 28 CB + Springdale KSBN-TV 57 39 IN 0 KCET 28 59 PB 0 KGO 7 24 AB - CALIFORNIA ▼▲ ✪ KMEX 34 35 UN 0 KQED 9 34 PB + Anaheim KDOC-TV 56 32 IN - KLCS 58 41 PB - KDTV 14 29 UN 0 Arcata KAEF 23 22 AB 0 *6836* - KOFY 20 19 WB - TV STATIONS

KTSF 26 27 IN - KRDO 13 24 AB 0 WEDY 65 39 PB 0 KMTP 32 33 PB + KXRM 21 22 FO, New London WTWS 26 34 IN + KCNS 38 39 IN 0 UP 0 Norwich WEDN 53 45 PB 0 KBHK 44 45 UP - Denver KWGN 2 34 WB 0 Waterbury WTXX 20 12 UP 0 Sanger KMSG 59 36 TE 0 KCNC 4 35 CB - DELAWARE ▼▲ ✪ San Jose KNTV 11 12 AB + KRMA 6 18 PB - Seaford WDPB 64 44 PB 0 KICU 36 52 IN 0 KMGH 7 17 AB 0 Wilmington WHYY 12 55 PB 0 KSTS 48 49 TE - KUSA 9 16 NB - WTGI 61 31 IN 0 KTEH 54 50 PB 0 KTVD 20 19 UP 0 DISTRICT OF KLXV 65 41 IN 0 KDVR 31 32 FO 0 COLUMBIA ▼▲ ✪ San Luis Obispo KRMT 41 40 ED 0 Washington WRC 4 48 NB - KSBY 6 15 NB + KCEC 50 51 IN 0 WTTG 5 6 FO - KTAS 33 34 0 KUBD 59 44 TE 0 WJLA 7 39 AB + 5 San Mateo KCSM 60 59 PB 0 Durango KREZ 6 17 CB + WUSA 9 34 CB 0 Santa Ana KTBN 40 53 TB 0 Fort Collins KFCT 22 21 FO - WDCA 20 35 UP + Santa Barbara KEYT 3 27 AB - Glenwood Spnngs WETA 26 27 PB - 67 KREG 3 23 CB - *3822*0 WHMM 32 33 PB + Grand Junction Santa Maria KCOY 12 19 CB + WBDC 50 51 WB 0 KFQX 4 15 * + Santa Rosa KFTY 50 54 IN - FLORIDA ▼▲ ✪ Stockton KOVR 13 25 CB + KREX 5 2 CB - Boca Raton KQCA 58 46 UP 0 KJCT 8 7 AB - WPPB-TV 63 44 * 0 KFTL 64 62 HS 0 KKCO 11 14 NB + Bradenton WFCT 66 42 IN 0 Twentynine Palms KRMJ 18 16 PB + Cape Coral WFTX 36 35 FO 0 KVMD 31 23 * 0 Longmont KDEN 25 26 * 0 Clearwater WCLF 22 21 IN 0 Tijuana-San Diego Montrose KREY 10 13 CB + XETV 6 FO Pueblo KOAA 5 27 NB 0 Clermont WKCF 18 17 WB - XEWT 12 IN KTSC 8 29 PB 0 Cocoa WTGL 52 51 IN 0 Vallejo-Fairfield Steamboat Springs W8CC 68 30 ED 0 KPST-TV 66 30 HS 0 KSBS 24 10 IN + Daytona Beach Ventura KSTV 57 49 WB + Sterling KTVS 3 23 CB 0 WESH 2 11 NB - Visalia KMPH 26 28 FO CONNECTICUT ▼▲ ✪ WNTO 26 49 IN 0 Fort Lauderdale KNXT 49 50 ED Bridgport WHAI 43 42 IN - WSCV 51 52 TE 0 Watsonville KCAH 25 58 ED + WEDW 49 52 PB - Fort Myers WINK 11 53 CB + ▼▲ ✪ COLORADO Hartford WFSB 3 11 CB + WBBH 20 15 NB + Boulder KTVJ 14 15 HS 0 WHCT-TV 18 46 IN - WGCH 30 31 PB 0 Broomfield KBDI 12 36 PB 0 WEDH 24 32 PB 0 Fort Pierce WTCE 21 38 ED - Castle Rock KWHD 53 47 IN 0 WTIC 61 5 FO + WTVX 34 50 UP, Colorado Springs New Britain WVIT 30 35 NB + WB 0 KKTV 11 10 CB 0 New Haven WTNH 8 10 AB + Fort Walton Beach WBNE 59 6 WB + WFGX 35 25 IN 0 TV STATIONS

WPAN 53 40 IN 0 WFTV 9 39 AB 0 Athens WGTV 8 22 PB 0 WAWD 58 49 * 0 WMFE 24 23 PB - WNGM 34 48 IN 0 Gainesville WUFT 5 36 PB - WZWY 27 14 * Atlanta WSB 2 39 AB 0 WCJB 20 16 AB 0 WOFL 35 22 FO + WAGA 5 27 FO - High Springs WGFL 53 28 * + WRBW 65 41 UP 0 WXIA 11 10 NB + Hollywood WYHS 69 47 HS 0 Palm Beach WFGC 61 49 IN 0 WTBS 17 20 IN - Inverness * 64 34 * 0 Panama City WJHG 7 41 NB + WPBA 30 21 PB 0 Jacksonville WJXT 4 42 CB + WMBB 13 19 AB 0 WATL 36 25 WB 0 WJCT 7 38 PB 0 WPGX 28 29 FO - WGNX 46 19 CB - WTLV 12 13 NB + WFSG 56 38 PB 0 WATC 57 38 ED + WJKS 17 34 AB 0 Panama City Beach WUPA 69 43 UP 0 WAWS 30 32 FO + WPCT 46 47 IN 0 Augusta WJBF 6 42 AB + WTEV 47 19 UP - Pensacola WEAR 3 17 AB WRDW 12 31 CB - WJEB 59 44 ED 0 WSRE 23 31 PB 0 WAGT 26 30 NB 0 5 Key West WWFD 8 12 IN 0 WHBR 33 34 IN + WFXG 54 51 FO - WJTC 44 45 UP 0 WEYS 22 3 IN + Bainbridge WTLH 49 50 FO 0 68 Lakeland WWWB 32 19 WB 0 St. PetersburgWTSP 10 24 CB - Baxley WUBI 34 35 UP + Lake Worth WHBI 67 46 * 0 WTTA 38 57 IN 0 Brunswick WBSG 21 24 WB 0 Leesburg WACX 55 40 IN 0 WTOG 44 59 UP + Chatsworth WCLP 18 33 PB - Live Oak WFXU 57 48 * - Sarasota WWSB 40 52 AB 0 Cochran WDCO 29 7 PB + Melbourne WBSF 43 20 HS + Tallahassee WFSU 11 32 PB - Columbus WRBL 3 15 CB 0 WIRB 56 48 IN 0 WTXL 27 22 AB + WTVM 9 47 AB + Miami WPBT 2 19 PB 0 WTWC 40 2 NB + WJSP 28 23 PB 0 WFOR 4 22 CB 0 Tampa WEDU 3 54 PB 0 WLTZ 38 35 NB + WTVJ 6 30 NB 0 WFLA 8 7 NB - WXTX 54 49 FO + WSVN 7 8 FO - WTVT 13 12 FO - Cordele WSST 55 51 IN + WPLG 10 9 AB + WUSF 16 34 PB 0 Dalton WELF 23 16 TB 0 WLRN 17 18 PB - WFTS 28 29 AB 0 Dawson WACS 25 26 PB 0 WLTV 23 24 UN - WBHS 50 47 HS 0 Macon WMAZ 13 45 CB + WBFS 33 32 UP 0 Tequesta WPBF 25 16 AB 0 WGXA 24 16 FO + WCTD 35 21 IN 0 Tice WRXY 49 33 IN 0 WMGT 41 40 NB + WDZL 39 20 WB 0 Venice WBSV-TV 62 25 IN 0 WGNM 64 50 UP - WHFT 45 46 TB + West Palm Beach Monroe WHSG 63 44 TB 0 Naples WZVN 26 43 AB - WPTV 5 55 * 0 Pelham WABW-TV 14 2 PB - WTVK 46 45 UP 0 WPEC 12 13 CB 0 Perry WPGA 58 32 AB + New Smyma Beach WFLX 29 28 FO + Rome WTLK 14 51 IN + WCEU 15 33 PB + WXEL 42 27 PB + Savannah WSAV 3 39 NB + Ocala WOGX 51 31 FO - GEORGIA ▼▲ ✪ WVAN 9 46 PB - Orange Park WJXX 25 10 AB - Albany WALB 10 17 NB 0 WTOC 11 15 CB 0 Orlando WCPX 6 58 CB - WFXL 31 30 FO - WJCL 22 23 AB 0 TV STATIONS

Thomasville WCTV 6 52 * 0 IDAHO ▼▲ ✪ East St. Louis Toccoa WNEG 32 24 IN - Boise KBCI 2 25 CB 0 WHSL 46 47 * 0 Valdosta WGVP 44 43 UP - KAID 4 21 PB + Freeport WIFR 23 41 CB 0 Waycross WXGA 8 18 PB + KTVB 7 26 NB 0 Harrisburg WSIL 3 34 AB 0 Wrens WCES 20 36 PB - Caldwell KNIN 9 10 UP - Jacksonville WSEC 14 15 PB 0 HAWAII ▼▲ ✪ Coeur d’Alene KCDT 26 56 PB + Joliet WGBO 66 53 UN + Hilo KHBC 2 22 NB 0 Filer KBGH 19 18 ED - LaSalle WWTO 35 10 TB 0 *419*0 Idaho Falls KIDK 3 36 CB 0 Macomb WMEC 22 21 PB + KGMD 9 8 CB 0 KIFI 8 9 AB + Marion WTCT 27 17 IN 0 KHAW 11 21 FO 0 Lewiston KLEW 3 32 CB - Moline WQAD 8 38 AB 0 KHVO 13 18 AB 0 Moscow KUID 12 33 PB - WQPT 24 23 PB - KWHH 14 23 WB + Nampa KIVI 6 22 AB 0 Mount Vernon *3231*+ KTRV 12 27 FO + WCEE 13 21 IN + 5 *3839*+ Pocatello KPVI 6 23 NB - Olney WUSI 16 19 PB - Honolulu KHON 2 22 FO + KISU 10 17 PB 0 Peoria WHOI 19 40 AB 0 69 KITV 4 40 AB - Twin Falls KMVT 11 16 CB 0 WEEK 25 57 NB + KFVE 5 23 IN 0 KIPT 13 24 PB - WMBD 31 30 CB + KGMB 9 8 CB - KXTF 35 34 AB, WTVP 47 46 PB - KHET 11 18 PB + FO 0 WAOE 59 39 * + KHNL 13 35 NB - ILLINOIS ▼▲ ✪ Quincy WGEM 10 54 NB - KWHE 14 31 IN 0 Aurora WEHS 60 59 HS 0 WTJR 16 32 TB + KIKU 20 19 IN 0 Blomington-Normal WQEC 27 34 PB + KAAH 26 27 IN 0 WYZZ 43 28 FO 0 Rock Island WHBF 4 58 CB + KBFD 32 33 IN 0 Carbondale WSIU 8 40 PB 0 Rockford WREX 13 54 NB 0 KAIE 38 39 * 0 Champaign WCIA 3 48 CB + WTVO 17 16 AB - KWBN 44 43 ED WICD 15 41 NB - WQRF 39 42 FO 0 Kailua-Kona KLEI 6 25 IN 0 Charleston WEIU 51 50 PB + Springfield WICS 20 42 NB + Kaneohe KAPA 66 41 * 0 Chicago WBBM 2 3 CB - WCFN 49 53 CB - Lihue * 8 12 * - WMAQ 5 29 NB 0 WRSP 55 44 FO + *217 * - WLS 7 52 AB 0 Urbana WILL 12 33 PB - *2728* - WGN 9 19 WB + WCCU 27 26 FO 0 *6745*0 WTTW 11 47 PB 0 INDIANA ▼▲ ✪ Wailuku KGMV 3 24 CB 0 WYCC 20 21 PB 0 Angola WINM 63 12 TB 0 KAII 7 36 FO 0 WCIU 26 27 IN 0 Bloomington WTTV 4 53 IN 0 KMEB 10 30 PB 0 WFLD 32 31 FO 0 WTIU 30 14 PB - KMAU 12 29 AB 0 WCFC 38 43 IN - WCLJ 42 56 TB + KOGG 15 16 NB 0 WSNS 44 45 TE 0 WIIB 63 27 IN + KWHM 21 20 WB 0 Decatur WAND 17 18 AB 0 Elkhart WSJV 28 58 FO + 27 28 * 0 WFHL 23 22 IN - Evansvillle WTVW 7 28 FO 0 33 34 * 0 WNIN 9 54 PB + TV STATIONS

WFIE 14 58 NB - Davenport KWQC 6 56 NB + Salina KAAS 18 17 FO + WEHT 25 59 AB - KLJB 18 49 FO + Topeka KTWU 11 23 PB 0 WEVV 44 45 CB 0 KQCT 36 34 PB + WIBW 13 44 CB + Fort Wayne WANE 15 4 CB + Des Moines KCCI 8 31 CB - KSNT 27 26 NB 0 WPTA 21 24 AB + KNID 11 50 PB + KTKA 49 48 AB 0 WKJG 33 19 NB - WHO 13 19 NB - Wichita KSNW 3 45 NB - WFWA 39 40 PB - KDSM 17 16 FO, KAKE 10 21 AB - WFFT 55 36 FO 0 UP + KSAS 24 25 FO - Gary WPWR 50 51 UP *6326* - KWCV 33 34 * 0 WYIN 56 56 PB + Dubuque KFXB 40 43 AB 0 KENTUCKY ▼▲ ✪ Hammond WJYS 62 36 IN + Fort Dodge KTIN 21 25 PB 0 Ashland WKAS 25 26 PB - Indianapolis WRTV 6 25 AB 0 lowa City KIIN 12 45 PB + WTSF 61 45 IN + WISH 8 9 CB - KWKB 20 25 * - Beattyville WLJC 65 7 TB 0 WTHR 13 46 NB - Mason City KIMT 3 42 CB + Bowling Green 5 WFYI 20 21 PB - KYIN 24 18 PB + WBKO 13 33 AB 0 WHMB 40 26 IN 0 Ottumwa KYOU 15 14 FO + WKYU 24 18 PB - WXIN 59 45 FO - Red Oak KHIN 36 35 PB 0 WKNT 40 16 FO + 70 WTBU 69 44 ED 0 Sioux City KTIV 4 41 NB - WKGB 53 48 PB - Kokomo WTTK 29 54 IN - KCAU 9 30 AB 0 Campbellsville Lafayette WLFI 18 11 CB 0 KMEG 14 39 CB 0 WGRB 34 19 FO - Marion WNDY 23 32 WB 0 KSIN 27 28 PB - Covington WCVN 54 24 PB + Muncie WIPB 49 52 PB 0 KPTH 44 49 * 0 Danville WDKY 56 4 FO, Richmond WKOI 43 30 TB + Waterloo KWWL 7 55 NB + UP 0 Salem WFTE 58 57 UP + KRIN 32 35 PB - Eizabethtown WKZT 23 43 PB + South Bend WNDU 16 42 NB 0 KANSAS ▼▲ ✪ Harlan WAGV 44 51 * - WSBT 22 30 CB 0 Colby KLBY 4 15 AB 0 Hazard WKHA 35 16 PB + WNIT 34 35 PB - Ensign KBSD 6 5 CB + WYMT 57 12 CB - WHME 46 48 IN 0 Fort Scott * 20 40 * + Lexington WLEX 18 20 NB + Terre Haute WTWO 2 36 NB + Garden City KSNG 11 17 NB + WKYT 27 59 CB - WTHI 10 24 CB 0 KUPK 13 18 AB - WTVQ 36 40 AB 0 WBAK 38 39 FO 0 Goodland KBSL 10 14 CB 0 WKLE 46 42 PB 0 Vincennes WVUT 22 52 PB - Great Bend KSNC 2 22 NB 0 Louisville WAVE 3 47 NB - IOWA ▼▲ ✪ Hays KBSH 7 20 CB - WHAS 11 55 AB + Ames WOI 5 59 AB 0 KOOD 9 16 PB 0 WKPC 15 17 PB 0 Burlington KJMH 26 41 FO - Hutchinson KPTS 8 29 PB 0 WBNA 21 8 WB - Cedar Rapids KGAN 2 51 CB 0 KWCH 12 19 CB 0 WLKY 32 26 CB - KCRG 9 52 AB - *3635*+ WDRB 41 49 FB + KFXA 28 27 FO + Lakin KSWK 3 23 PB 0 WKMJ 68 38 PB + KTVC 48 47 IN - Lawrence KMCI 38 39 IN 0 Madisonville WLCN 19 20 IN - Council Bluffs KBIN 32 33 PB 0 Pittsburg KOAM 7 30 CB + WKMA 35 42 PB - TV STATIONS

Morehead WKMR 38 15 PB + Shreveport KTBS 3 28 AB - WWPB 31 44 PB 0 WAOM 67 21 * - KSLA 12 17 CB 0 WJAL 68 16 WB + Murray WKMU 21 36 PB + KLTS 24 23 PB - Oakland WGPT 36 54 PB + Newport WXIX-TV 19 29 * + KMSS 33 34 FO 0 Salisbury WBOC 16 21 CB + Owensboro WKOH 31 29 PB - KSHV 45 44 UP, WCPB 28 56 PB - Owenton WKON 52 44 PB + WB + WMDT 47 53 AB, Paducah WPSD 6 32 NB + Slidell WUPL 54 24 UP + NB 0 WKPD 29 41 PB 0 West Monroe KARD 14 36 FO - MASSACHUSETTS ▼▲ ✪ WDKA 49 50 UP 0 KMCT 39 38 IN + Adams WCDC 19 36 AB 0 Pikeville WKPI 22 24 PB - MAINE ▼▲ ✪ Boston WGBH 2 19 PB + Somerset WKSO 29 14 PB + Augusta WCBB 10 17 PB - WBZ 4 30 CB + LOUISIANA ▼▲ ✪ Bangor WLBZ 2 25 NB - WCVB 5 20 AB - Alexandria KALB 5 35 NB 0 WABI 5 19 CB + WHDH 7 42 NB + 5 KLPA 25 26 PB + WVII 7 14 AB - WFXT 25 31 FO + KLAX 31 32 AB + Biddeford WMEA 26 45 PB - WSBK 38 39 UP 0 71 Baton Rouge WBRZ 2 42 AB 0 Calais WMED 13 15 PB - WGBX 44 43 PB 0 WAFB 9 46 CB - Lewiston WPME 35 39 * - WABU 68 32 IN + WLPB 27 22 PB + Orono WMEB 12 22 PB - Cambridge WLVI 56 41 WB 0 WVLA 33 34 NB - Portland WCSH 6 44 NB - Lawrence WMFP 62 18 IN 0 WGMB 44 45 FO + WGME 13 38 CB + Marlborough WHSH 66 23 HS 0 Columbia KAQY 11 57 * + WPXT 51 4 FO + New Bedford * 6 49 * + Lafayette KATC 3 28 AB + Poland Spring WLWC 28 22 * - KLFY 10 56 CB 0 WMTW 8 16 AB - Norwell WHRC 46 52 IN + KADN 15 16 FO 0 Presque Isle Springfield WWLP 22 33 NB 0 KLPB 24 23 PB 0 WAGM 82 16 CB, WGGB 40 55 AB 0 Lake Charles KPLC 7 53 NB - NB, WGBY 57 58 PB + AB 0 KLTL 18 20 PB - Vineyard Haven WMEM 10 20 PB + WZBU 58 40 IN + KVHP 29 30 FO - ▼▲ ✪ Monroe KNOE 8 55 CB + MARYLAND Worcester WUNI 27 29 UN 0 KLTM 13 19 PB - Annapolis WMPT 22 42 PB + WYDN 48 47 * + New Orleans WWL 4 30 CB + Baltimore WMAR 2 52 AB + MICHIGAN ▼▲ ✪ WDSU 6 43 NB 0 WBAL 11 59 NB - Alpena WCML 6 57 PB 0 WVUE 8 29 FO 0 WJZ 13 38 CB + WBKB 11 13 CB 0 WYES 12 11 PB 0 WHSW 24 41 HB + Ann Arbor WBSX 31 33 HS + WHNO 20 14 IN - WBFF 45 46 FO 0 Bad Axe WUCX 35 15 PB 0 WGNO 26 15 AB 0 WNUV 54 40 WB 0 Battle Creek WOTV 41 20 AB + WLAE 32 31 PB + WMPB 67 29 PB - WILV 43 44 IN - WNOL 38 39 WB + Fredrick WFPT 62 28 PB 0 Bay City WNEM 5 22 CB - WCCL 49 50 HS 0 Hagerstown WHAG 25 55 NB - Cadillac WWTV 9 40 CB 0 TV STATIONS

WCMV 27 58 PB 0 Saginaw WEYI 25 30 NB - Rochester KTTC 10 36 NB 0 WGKI 33 47 FO, WAQP 49 48 TB - KXLT 47 46 IN - UP 0 Sault Ste. Marie St. Cloud KXLI 41 40 IN 0 Clumet WBKP 5 18 AB - WGTQ 8 56 AB 0 Thief River Falls Cheboygan WTOM 4 14 NB + WWUP 10 49 CB + KBRR 10 57 FO 0 Detroit WJBK 2 58 FO + Traverse City Walker KCCW 12 20 CB - WDIV 4 45 NB 0 WPBN 7 50 NB + Worthington KSMN 20 15 PB 0 WXYZ 7 41 AB - WGTU 29 31 AB - MISSISSIPPI ▼▲ ✪ WDWB 20 21 WB + University Center Biloxi WLOX 13 36 AB + WKBD 50 14 UP - WUCM 19 18 PB + WMAH 19 35 PB + WTVS 56 43 PB 0 Vanderbilt WGKU 45 59 FO 0 Booneville WMAE 12 55 PB - ▼▲ ✪ WWJ 62 44 CB 0 MINNESOTA Bude WMAU 17 18 PB + East Lansing WKAR 23 55 PB - Alexandria WCCO 7 24 CB 0 Columbus WCBI 4 35 CB - Escanaba WJMN 3 48 CB + KSAX 42 14 AB 0 Greenvile WXVT 15 17 CB - 5 Flint WJRT 12 36 AB - Appleton KWCM 10 31 PB - Greenwood WFUM 28 52 PB - Austin KAAL 6 33 AB, WABG-TV 6 54 AB + 72 WSMH 66 16 FO - FO - WMAO-TV 23 26 PB + Grand RapidsWOOD 8 7 NB + KSMQ 15 20 PB - Gulfport WXXV 25 48 FO - WZZM 13 39 AB + Bemidji KAWE 9 18 PB 0 Hattiesburg WHLT 22 23 CB 0 WXMI 17 19 FO 0 Brainerd KAWB 22 28 PB 0 Holly Springs WBUY 40 41 TB 0 WGVU 35 11 PB + Duluth KDLH 3 33 CB 0 Jackson WLBT 3 51 NB 0 Iron Mountain WDSE 8 38 PB 0 WJTV 12 52 CB + WDHS 8 22 IN - WDIO 10 43 AB, WAPT 16 21 AB 0 FO + Jackson * 18 34 * + WMPN 29 20 PB + KNLD 21 17 IN + Kalamazoo WWMT 3 2 CB - WDBD 40 41 FO + Hibbing WIRT 13 36 AB, WGVK 52 5 PB + Laurel WDAM 7 28 NB 0 WLLA 64 45 IN 0 FO - Mankato KEYC 12 38 CB 0 Meridian WTOK 11 49 AB - Lansing WLNS 6 59 CB - WMAW 14 47 PB 0 WSYM 47 38 FO + Minneapolis-St. Paul KTCA 2 34 PB - WMDN 24 25 CB - WLAJ 53 51 AB - WGBC 30 31 NB - Manistee WCMW 21 17 PB 0 WCCO 4 32 CB + KSTP 5 50 AB - Mississippi State Marquette WLUC 6 35 NB - WMAB 2 38 PB + WNMU 13 33 PB 0 KMSP 9 26 UP + Natchez WNTZ 48 49 FO + Mount Clemens KARE 11 35 NB - Oxford WMAV 18 36 PB 0 WADL 38 39 IN + KTCI 17 16 PB 0 Tupelo-Columbus Mount Pleasant KLGT 23 22 WB + WTVA 9 57 NB - WCMU 14 56 PB 0 WFTC 29 21 FO + WLOV 27 16 FO 0 Muskegon WTLJ 54 24 TB + KVBM 45 44 HS 0 MISSOURI ▼▲ ✪ Onandaga WILX-TV 10 57 * - Redwood Falls KRWF 43 27 AB 0 Cape Girardeau TV STATIONS

KFVS 12 57 CB 0 KULR 8 11 NB 0 North Platte KNOP 2 22 NB - KBSI 23 22 FO 0 Bozeman KCTZ 7 16 FO - KPNE 9 16 PB + Columbia KOMU 8 36 NB + KUSM 9 20 PB 0 Omaha KMTV 3 45 CB 0 KMIZ 17 22 AB - Butte KXLF 4 15 CB 0 WOWT 6 22 NB + Hannibal-Quincy KTVM 6 2 NB + KETV 7 20 AB 0 KHQA 7 29 CB - KWYB 18 19 AB 0 KXVO 15 38 WB 0 Jefferson City KRCG 13 12 CB 0 Glendive KXGN 5 15 CB, KYNE 26 17 PB 0 KNLJ 25 20 IN 0 NB + KPTM 42 43 FO, Joplin KODE 12 43 AB + Great Falls KRTV 3 44 CB + UP + KSNF 16 46 NB 0 KFBB 5 39 AB + Scottsbluff KSTF 10 29 CB - KOZJ 26 25 PB - KTGF 16 45 NB 0 Superior KSNB 4 34 AB + Kansas City WDAF 4 34 FO 0 Hardin KHMT 4 19 FO + NEVADA ▼▲ ✪ KCTV 5 24 CB + Helena KAQR 10 29 NB + Elko KENV 10 8 NB - 5 KMBC 9 14 AB + KTVH 12 14 NB 0 Henderson KVVU 5 24 FO + KCPT 19 18 PB + Kalispell KCFW 9 38 NB - Las Vegas KVBC 3 2 NB 0 KSHB 41 42 NB - Lewistown * 13 21 * 0 KLAS 8 7 CB - 73 KINB 50 51 IN - Miles City KYUS 3 13 CB, KLVX 10 11 PB + KSMO 62 47 UP + NB - KTNV 13 17 AB - Kirksville * 3 33 * - Missoula KPAX 8 35 CB - KINC 15 16 UN + Poplar Bluff KPOB 15 18 AB + KUFM-TV 11 27 ED + KUPN 21 20 UP + St. Joseph KQTV 2 53 AB - KECI 13 40 NB - KFBT 33 32 WB + KTAJ 16 21 TB - KTMF 23 36 AB - Paradise KBLR 39 38 TE + ▼▲ ✪ St. Louis KTVI 2 43 FO 0 NEBRASKA Reno KTVN 2 32 CB 0 KMOV 4 56 CB - Albion KLKE 24 23 AB + KRNV 4 33 NB 0 KSDK 5 35 NB - Alliance KTNE 13 24 PB - KNPB 5 15 PB 0 KETC 9 39 PB 0 Bassett KMNE 7 15 PB - KOLO 8 23 AB 0 KPLR 11 26 WB - Grand Island KGIN 11 32 CB - KRXI 11 41 FO 0 KNLC 24 14 IN + KTVG 17 19 FO, KAME 21 22 UP + KDNL 30 31 AB + UP 0 KREN 27 26 WB + Sedalia-Warrensburg Hastings KHAS 5 21 NB - Winnemucca KWNV 7 12 * + KMOS 6 15 PB 0 KHNE 29 14 PB + NEW HAMPSHIRE ▼▲ ✪ Hayes Center KWNB 6 18 AB 0 Springfield KYTV 3 44 NB + Berlin * 40 15 PB - KOLR 10 52 CB 0 Kearney KHGI 13 35 AB 0 Lexington KLNE 3 26 PB + Concord WNBU 21 33 IN + KOZK 21 23 PB - Lincoln KLKN 8 31 AB + Derry WNDS 50 35 IN - KDEB 27 28 FO - KOLN 10 25 CB + Durham WENH 11 57 PB 0 KSPR 33 19 AB 0 KUON 12 40 PB - Keene WEKW 52 49 PB + MONTANA ▼▲ ✪ McCook KSNK 8 12 NB - Littleton WLED 49 48 PB + Billings KTVQ 2 17 CB - Merriman KRNE 12 17 PB 0 Manchester WMUR 9 59 AB, FO - KSVI 6 18 AB, Norfolk KXNE 19 16 PB + FO 0 Merrimack WGOT 60 34 IN + TV STATIONS

NEW JERSEY ▼▲ ✪ Roswell KOBR 8 38 NB 0 WNBC 4 28 NB 0 Atlantic City WWAC 53 46 IN + KBIM-TV 10 41 CB - WNYW 5 44 FO + WACI 62 49 * + KRPV 27 28 IN - WABC-TV 7 45 AB 0 Burlington WGTW 48 27 * - Santa Fe KASA-TV 2 27 FO + WPIX 11 33 WB + Camden WNJS 23 22 PB + KCHF 11 10 IN - WNYE-TV 25 24 PB 0 Montclaire WNJN 50 51 PB + KAUO 19 29 * - WPXN-TV 31 30 IN - New Brunswick Silver City KOVT 10 12 AB + North Pole WPTZ 5 14 * 0 WNJB 58 18 PB 0 NEW YORK ▼▲ ✪ Norwood WNPI-TV 18 23 PB 0 Newark WNET 13 61 PB - Albany WTEN 10 26 AB - Plattsburg WCFE-TV 57 38 PB 0 WNJU 47 36 TE + WNYT 13 15 NB 0 Poughkeepsie WHSE-TV 68 53 HS 0 WXXA-TV 23 4 FO WTBY 54 27 TB + Newton WMBC-TV 63 8 IN 0 WMHQ 45 43 PB 0 Riverhead WLNY 55 57 IN + Patterson WXTV 41 40 UN - Amsterdam WOCD 55 50 IN 0 Rochester Secaucus Batavia WAQF 51 53 * - WROC-TV 8 45 CB 0 5 WWOR-TV 9 38 UP + Bath * 14 20 * - WHEC-TV 10 58 NB 0 Trenton WNJT 52 43 PB - Binghamton WOKR 13 59 AB - Vineland WHSP-TV 65 66 HS - WBNG-TV 12 7 CB - WXXI-TV 21 16 PB 0 74 West Milford WMGC-TV 34 4 AB 0 WUHF 31 28 FO, WFME-TV 66 29 ED 0 WICZ-TV 40 8 FO - UP + Wildwood WSKG 46 42 PB + Schenectady WRGB 6 39 CB 0 WMGM-TV 40 36 NB 0 Buffalo WGRZ-TV 2 33 NB 0 WMHT 17 34 PB + NEW MEXICO ▼▲ ✪ WIVB-TV 4 39 CB 0 Smithtown Albuquerque WKBW-TV 7 38 AB + WHSI-TV 67 23 HS 0 KOB-TV 4 26 NB + WNED-TV 17 43 PB 0 Springville WNGS 67 46 IN + KNME-TV 5 25 PB + WNEQ-TV 23 32 PB 0 Syracuse KOAT-TV 7 21 AB + WUTV 29 14 FO, WSTM-TV 3 54 NB - KRQE 13 16 CB + UP - WTVH 5 47 CB - KNAT 23 22 TB - WNYO-TV 49 34 IN - WIXT 9 17 AB - KAZQ 32 17 ED + Carthage-Watertown WCNY-TV 24 25 PB + KLUZ-TV 41 42 UN + WWNY-TV 7 35 CB, WNYS-TV 43 44 UP + KASY-TV 50 51 UP 0 NB - WSYT 68 19 FO - Carlsbad KOCT 6 19 AB - Coming WYDC 48 50 UP, Utica WKTV 2 29 NB - Clovis KVIH-TV 12 20 AB - WB + WUTR 20 30 AB + Farmington KOFT 3 29 * 0 Elmira WETM-TV 18 2 NB + WFXV 33 27 FO 0 KOBF 12 15 NB + WENY-TV 36 55 AB - Watertown Hobbs KHFT 29 17 UP + Garden City WLIW 21 22 PB - WNPE-TV 16 41 PB 0 Las Cruces Jamestown WNYB 26 27 TB + WWTI 50 21 AB + KRWG-TV 22 23 PB - Kingston WRNN-TV 62 21 IN + NORTH CAROLINA ▼▲ ✪ KZIA 48 28 UP + New York WCBS-TV 2 56 CB 0 Asheville WLOS 13 56 * - Portales KENW 3 32 PB + TV STATIONS

WHNS 21 57 * + New Bern WCTI 12 48 AB + KMCY 14 15 AB - WUNF-TV 33 25 PB 0 Raleigh-Durham Pembina KNRR 12 15 FO 0 WASV-TV 62 45 UP, WRAL-TV 5 53 CB 0 Valley City KXJB-TV 4 38 CB - WB 0 WLFL 22 57 FO 0 Willston KWSE 4 51 PB 0 Belmont WJZY 46 47 UP + WRAZ 50 49 WB + KUMV-TV 8 52 NB - Burlington WAAP 16 14 IN 0 Roanoke Rapids KXMD-TV 11 14 CB - Chapel Hill WUNP-TV 36 39PB - OHIO ▼▲ ✪ WUNC-TV 4 59 PB + Rocky Mount Akron WAKC-TV 23 59 IN + Charlotte WBTV 3 23 CB 0 WRMY 47 15 IN - WEAO 49 32 PB + WSOC-TV 9 34 AB + Washington WBNX-TV 55 30 WB - WCCB 18 21 FO 0 WITN-TV 7 32 NB 0 Alliance WNEO 45 46 PB + WCNC-TV 36 22 NB 0 Wilmington WWAY 3 46 AB - Athens WOUB-TV 20 27 PB 0 WTVI 42 24 PB + WECT 6 54 NB 0 Bowing Green 5 Columbia WUND-TV 2 20 PB 0 WSFX-TV 26 30 FO - WBGU-TV 27 56 PB + Concord WUNG-TV 58 44 PB 0 WUNJ-TV 39 29 PB - Cambridge Wilson WRAY-TV 30 42 IN - 75 Durham-Raleigh WOUC-TV 44 35 PB - WTVD 11 52 AB + Winston-Salem Canton WDLI 17 39 TB - WRDC 28 27 UP + WXII 12 31 * 0 WOAC 67 47 IN 0 Fayetteville WKFT 40 38 IN + WUNL-TV 26 43 PB + Chillicothe WWHO 53 46 UP 0 WFAY 62 36 FO 0 WXLV-TV 45 29 AB 0 Cincinnati WLWT 5 35 NB - ▼▲ ✪ Goldsboro WNCN 17 55 NB - NORTH DAKOTA WCPO-TV 9 10 AB 0 Greensboro Bismarck KBME 3 22 PB 0 WKRC-TV 12 31 CB 0 WFMY-TV 2 51 CB - KFYR-TV 5 31 NB 0 WCET 48 34 PB - WUPN-TV 48 33 UP - KXMB-TV 12 23 CB - WSTR 64 33 UP - WLXI-TV 61 32 TB 0 KBMY 17 16 AB - Cleveland WKYC 3 2 NB 0 Greenville WNCT-TV 9 10 CB - Devils Lake WEWS 5 15 AB + WYDO 14 21 FO 0 WDAZ-TV 8 59 AB + WJW 8 31 FO 0 WUNK-TV 25 23 PB 0 Dickinson KXMA-TV 2 19 CB + WVIZ 25 26 PB + Hickory WHKY-TV 14 40 IN - KQCD-TV 7 18 NB 0 WQHS 61 34 HS 0 High Point KDSE 9 20 PB 0 Columbus WCMH 4 14 NB - WGHP-TV 8 35 * - Ellendale KJRE 19 20 PB - WSYX 6 13 AB + Jacksonville Fargo WDAY-TV 6 21 AB 0 WBNS 10 11 CB + WUNM-TV 19 44 PB 0 KVLY-TV 11 58 NB + WTTE 28 36 FO, WFXZ-TV 35 34 * 0 KFME 13 39 PB 0 UP - Kannapolis WAXN 64 50 IN - KVRR 15 19 FO - WOSU 34 38 PB 0 Lexington WBFX 20 19WB, Grand Forks KGFE 2 56 PB 0 Dayton WDTN 2 50 AB 0 FO 0 Jamestown KJRR 7 14 FO - WHIO 7 41 CB + Linville WUNE-TV 17 54 PB 0 Minot KSRE 6 57 PB + WPTD 16 58 PB + Lumberton WUNU 31 25 PB 0 KMOT 10 58 NB - WKEF 22 51 NB + Morehead City WFXI 8 24 FO + KXMC-TV 13 45 CB - WRGT 45 39 FO, TV STATIONS

UP 0 KTBO 14 15 TB - KOIN 6 40 CB + Lima WLIO 35 20 NB - KOKH 25 24 FO - KGW 8 46 NB - WTLW 44 57 IN + KOCB 34 33 CB - KOPB 10 27 PB 0 Lorain WUAB 43 28 UP 0 KTLC 43 40 PB + KPTV 12 30 UP 0 Mansfield WMFD 68 12 IN - KSBI 52 51 IN 0 KNMT 24 45 TB + Newark WSFJ 51 24 IN 0 KMNZ 62 50 IN + Roseburg KPIC 4 19 CB + Oxford WPTO 14 28 PB + Okmulgee KGLB 44 28 * - KROZ 36 18 WB 0 Portsmouth WHCP 30 17 * 0 Shawnee KAQS 30 29 * 0 KMTX 46 45 NB + WPBO 42 43 PB - Tulsa KJRH 2 56 NB + Salem KBSP 22 20 HS 0 Sandusky WGGN 52 42 TB 0 KOTV 6 55 CB + KWBP 32 33 WB 0 Shaker Heights KTUL 8 58 AB - PENNSYLVANIA ▼▲ ✪ WOIO 19 10 CB 0 KOED 11 38 PB - Allentown WLVT 39 62 PB 0 Springfield WTJC 26 18 HS + KOKI 23 22 FO 0 WFMZ 69 46 IN 0 Steubenville WTOV 9 57 NB + KTFO 41 42 UP + Altoona WTAJ 10 32 CB - 5 Toledo WTOL 11 17 CB - KWHB 47 48 IN 0 WATM 23 24 AB - WTVG 13 19 AB 0 KWMJ 53 49 IN 0 WKBS 47 46 IN 0 76 WNWO 24 49 NB - OREGON ▼▲ ✪ Bethlehem WBPH 60 59 IN - WGTE 30 29 PB + Bend KOAB 3 11 PB + Clearfield WPSX 3 15 PB + WUPW 36 46 FO - KTVZ 21 18 NB + Erie WICU 12 52 NB 0 WLMB 40 5 * 0 Coos Bay KCBY 11 21 CB 0 WJET 24 58 AB 0 Youngstown WFMJ 21 20 NB - KMTZ 23 22 NB + WSEE 35 16 CB + WKBN 27 41 CB 0 Corvallis KOAC 7 39 PB - WQLN 54 50 PB + WYTV 33 36 AB, 0 Eugene KEZI 9 14 AB + WFXP 66 22 FO + FO KVAL 13 25 CB 0 Greensburg WPCB 40 50 IN + Zanesville WHIZ 18 40 NB - KMTR 16 17 NB + Harrisburg WHP 21 4 CB + OKLAHOMA ▼▲ ✪ KEPB 28 29 PB - WHTM 27 57 AB - Ada-Ardmore KTEN 10 26 AB, KLSR-TV 34 26 UP 0 WITF 33 36 PB + NB, Klamath Falls KOTI 2 40 NB - Hazleton WWLF 56 9 FO 0 FO + KFTS 22 33 PB + Jeanette WNPA 19 30 WB + Bartlesville KDOR 17 14 TB + KDKF 31 29 AB 0 Johnstown WJAC 6 34 NB 0 Cheyenne KWET 12 8 PB + La Grande KTVR 13 5 PB + WWCP 8 29 FO - Claremore KRSC 35 36 ED 0 Medford KOBI 5 15 NB 0 Lancaster WGAL 8 58 NB - Enid KAFU 20 18 * - KSYS 8 42 PB + WLYH 15 23 CB + Eufaula KOET 3 31 PB 0 KTVL 10 35 CB + Philadelphia KYW 3 26 CB 0 Lawton KSWO 7 23 AB + KDRV 12 38 AB + WPVI 6 64 AB - Oklahoma City KMVU 26 27 FO, WCAU 10 67 NB 0 KFOR 4 27 NB - UP 0 WPHL 17 54 WB - KOCO 5 16 AB 0 Pendleton KAUP 11 4 * - WTXF 29 42 FO 0 KWTV 9 39 CB - Portland KATU 2 43 AB 0 WYBE 35 34 PB - KETA 13 32 PB + TV STATIONS

WPSG 57 32 UP 0 WRLK 35 32 PB + KSFY 13 29 AB + Pittsburgh KDKA 2 25 CB - WACH 57 48 FO - KTTW 17 7 FO - WTAE 4 51 AB + Conway WHMC 23 58 PB + KCSD 23 24 PB 0 WPXI 11 48 NB 0 Florence WBTW 13 56 CB + KAUN 36 48 * - WQED 13 38 PB - WPDE 15 16 AB - *4647*0 WQEX 16 26 PB 0 WWMB 21 20 UP 0 Vermillion KUSD 2 34 PB + WPTT 22 42 WB 0 WJPM 33 45 PB + TENNESSEE ▼▲ ✪ WPGH 53 43 FO + Greenville WYFF 4 59 NB - Chattanooga WRCB 3 55 NB + Reading WTVE 51 25 HS 0 WGGS 16 52 IN + WTVC 9 35 AB 0 Red Lion WGCB 49 30 IN + WNTV 29 9 PB 0 WDEF 12 47 CB + Scranton WNEP 16 49 AB - Greenwood WNEH 38 18 PB 0 WTCI 45 29 PB 0 WYOU 22 13 CB - Hardeeville WTGS 28 27 FO - WDSI 61 40 FO - WOLF 38 31 FO + Myrtle Beach WFXB 43 18 FO + Cleveland WFLI 53 42 UP 0 5 WVIA 44 41 PB - Rockhill WNSC 30 15 PB + Cookeville WCTE 22 52 PB 0 WSWB-TV 64 32 * 0 WFVT 55 39 WB - WKZX 28 36 WB + 77 Wilkes-Barre WBRE 28 11 NB 0 Spartanburg WSPA 7 53 CB + Crossville WBXX-TV 20 50 WB + Williamsport WILF 53 29 FO - WRET 49 43 PB 0 Greenveville WEMT 39 38 FO - York WPMT 43 47 FO 0 Sumter WRJA 27 28 PB - Hendersonville RHODE ISLAND ▼▲ ✪ WQHB 63 38 * - WPGD 50 51 IN 0 Block Island SOUTH DAKOTA ▼▲ ✪ Jackson WBBJ 7 43 AB + WOST-TV 69 17 * 0 Aberdeen KABY 9 28 AB - WMTU 16 39 UP + Providence WJAR 10 51 NB + KDSD 16 17 PB - Jellico WPMC 54 23 IN - WPRI 12 13 CB + Brookings KESD 8 18 PB 0 Johnson City WJHL 11 58 CB - WSBE 36 21 PB 0 Eagle Butte KPSD 13 24 PB 0 Kingsport WKPT 19 27 AB 0 WNAC 64 54 FO + Florence KDLO 3 25 CB - Knoxville WATE 6 26 AB 0 SOUTH CAROLINA ▼▲ ✪ Huron KTTM 12 22 FO + WVLT-TV 8 30 CB 0 Allendale WEBA 14 33 PB 0 Lead KIVV 5 26 FO - WBIR 10 31 NB + Anderson WFBC 40 14 WB 0 KHSD 11 27 AB + WKOP 15 17 PB - Beaufort WJWJ 16 44 PB - Lowry KQSD 11 15 PB - WTNZ 43 34 FO + Charleston WCBD 2 59 NB + Martin KZSD 8 20 PB - Lebanon WJFB 66 44 IN 0 WCIV 4 53 AB 0 Mitchell KDLT 5 26 NB + Lexington WLJT 11 47 PB 0 WCSC 5 52 CB + Pierre KPRY 4 19 AB 0 Memphis WREG 3 28 CB - WITV 7 49 PB - KTSD 10 21 PB + WMC 5 52 NB + WTAT 24 40 FO 0 Rapid City KOTA 3 22 AB + WKNO 10 29 PB + WMMP 36 35 UP + KEVN 7 18 FO + WHBQ 13 53 FO + Columbia WIS 10 41 NB - KBHE 9 23 PB 0 WPTY 24 25 AB 0 WLTX 19 17 CB + KCLO 15 16 CB - WLMT 30 31 UP 0 WOLO 25 8 AB - Reliance KPLO 6 14 CB - WFBI 50 51 HS + Sioux Falls KELO 11 32 CB 0 Murfreesboro WHTN 39 38 IN + TV STATIONS

Nashville WKRN 2 27 AB - Conroe KTFH 49 5 IN KMBH 60 38 PB 0 WSMV 4 10 NB + KHIM 55 42 * + Houston KPRC-TV 2 35 NB - WTVF 5 56 CB 0 Corpus Christi KUHT 8 53 PB 0 WDCN 8 46 PB + KIII-TV 3 47 AB - KHOU-TV 11 31 CB + WZTV 17 15 FO + KRIS-TV 6 50 NB 0 KTRK-TV 13 32 AB - WUXP 30 21 UP + KZTV 10 18 CB - KETH 14 24 ED 0 WNAB 58 23 WB + KEDT-TV 16 22 PB 0 KTXH 20 19 UP 0 Sneedville WSJK 2 41 PB + KORO 28 27 UN - KRIV 26 27 FO 0 TEXAS ▼▲ ✪ Dallas KDFW-TV 4 35 FO + KHTV 39 38 WB - Abilene KRBC-TV 9 29 NB + WFAA-TV 8 9 AB 0 KZJL 61 44 IN 0 KTAB-TV 32 24 CB + KERA-TV 13 14 PB + Irving KHSX-TV 49 48 HS 0 Alvin KHSH-TV 67 36 HS - KDFI-TV 27 36 IN - Jacksonville Amarillo KACV-TV 2 21 PB + KDAF 33 32 WB + KETK-TV 56 22 NB 0 KAMR-TV 4 19 NB 0 KXTX-TV 39 40 IN 0 Juarez-El Paso 5 KVII-TV 7 24 AB 0 KDTX-TV 58 45 TB 0 XEPM-TV 2 IN KFDA-TV 10 9 CB 0 Decatur KMPX 29 30 IN 0 XEJ-TV 5 IN 78 KCIT 14 15 FO, Del Rio KTRG 10 28 * 0 XHIJ-TV 44 TE UP + Denton KDTN 2 31 PB 0 Katy KNWS-TV 51 52 IN + Arlington KINZ 68 42 IN 0 Eagle Pass KVAW 16 18 TE + Kerrville KRRT 35 17 WB + Austin KTBC-TV 7 56 FO + El Paso KDBC-TV 4 16 CB 0 Killeen KAKW 62 23 UP, KLRU 18 22 PB + KVIA-TV 7 17 AB 0 WB 0 KVUE-TV 24 33 AB 0 KTSM-TV 9 18 NB 0 Lake Dallas KLDT 55 43 * 0 KXAN-TV 36 21 NB 0 KCOS 13 29 PB 0 Laredo KGNS-TV 8 15 NB, KEYE-TV 42 43 CB - KFOX-TV 14 15 FO 0 AB 0 KNVA 54 49 WB 0 KINT-TV 26 25 UN + KVTV 13 14 AB 0 Baytown KVVV 57 41 IN + KSCE 38 39 ED - KLDO-TV 27 19 TE - Beaumont KFDM-TV 6 21 CB - KJLF-TV 65 51 WB 0 Llano KXAM-TV 14 27 NB - KBMT 12 50 AB - Fort Worth KXAS-TV 5 41 NB + Longview KFXK 51 52 FO, KITU 34 33 ED - KTVT 11 19 CB - UP - Belton KNCT 46 47 PB - KTXA 21 18 UP - Lubbock KTXT-TV 5 39 PB - Big Spring KFWD 52 51 TE - KCBD-TV 11 44 NB 0 KWAB-TV 4 33 NB - Fredericksburg KLBK-TV 13 40 CB - Blanco * 52 45 * + *238*+ KPTB 16 25 IN + Brownsville KVEO 23 24 NB 0 Galveston KLTJ 22 23 ED 0 KAMC 28 27 AB 0 Bryan KBTX-TV 3 59 CB 0 KTMD 48 47 TE - KJTV 34 35 FO - KAMU-TV 15 12 * - Garland KUVN 23 24 UN 0 Lufkin KTRE 9 43 AB 0 KYLE 28 29 FO 0 Greenville KTAQ 47 46 IN + McAllen KNVO 48 30 UN 0 College Station Harlingen KGBT-TV 4 31 CB + Midland KMID 2 26 AB - KAMU-TV 15 12 PB KLUJ 44 34 ED 0 Nacogdoches KLSB-TV 19 18 NB - TV STATIONS

Odessa KOSA-TV 7 31 CB - UTAH ▼▲ ✪ Harrisonburg KWES-TV 9 15 NB - Cedar City KSGI-TV 4 14 IN 0 WHSV-TV 3 49AB, KPEJ 24 23 FO - Ogden KULC 9 35 PB + FO - KOCV-TV 36 22 PB + KOOG-TV 30 29WB 0 Lynchburg WSET-TV 13 56 AB 0 KMLM 42 43 IN 0 Provo KBYU-TV 11 39 PB - WJPR 21 20 FO - Port Arthur KJAC-TV 4 40 NB - KZAR-TV 16 17 * 0 Manassas WVVI 66 36 IN + Rio Grande City Salt Lake City KUTV 2 34 CB - Marion WMSY-TV 52 42 PB 0 KAIO 40 20 * 0 KTVX 4 38 AB - Norfolk WTKR 3 58 CB + Rosenberg KXLN-TV 45 46 UN 0 KSL-TV 5 36 NB + WTVZ 33 38 FO 0 San Angelo KACB-TV 3 16 NB - KUED 7 40 PB - WJCB 49 14 IN - KIDY 6 19 FO 0 KSTU 13 28 FO + Norton WSBN-TV 47 32 PB - KLST 8 11 CB + KJZZ-TV 14 27 UP - Petersburg WRIC-TV 8 22 AB 0 San Antonio St. George KUSG 12 9 * 0 Portsmouth WGNT 27 19 UP 0 5 KMOL-TV 4 58 NB 0 VERMONT ▼▲ ✪ Portsmouth-Norfolk- KENS-TV 5 55 CB 0 Burlington WCAX-TV 3 53 CB 0 Newport News WAVY-TV 10 31 NB + KLRN 9 20 PB - WVNY 22 16 AB + 79 Richmond WTVR-TV 6 25 CB + KSAT-TV 12 48 AB + WETK 33 32 PB - WWBT 12 54 NB - KHCE 23 16 ED - WFFF-TV 44 43 FO + WCVE-TV 23 24 PB 0 KABB 29 30 FO + Hartford WNNE-TV 31 25 NB 0 WRLH-TV 35 26 FO + KWEX-TV 41 40 UN + Rutland WVER 28 56 PB + WCVW 57 44 PB - KVDA 60 39 TE + St. Johnsbury WVTB 20 18 PB - Roanoke WDBJ 7 18 CB - Sherman KXII 12 20 CB 0 Windsor WVTA 41 24 PB 0 WSLS-TV 10 30 NB 0 Snyder KPCB 17 10 IN - VIRGINIA ▼▲ ✪ SweetwaterKTXS-TV 12 20 AB 0 WBRA-TV 15 3 PB + Arlington WTMW 14 15 HS - Temple KCEN-TV 6 50 NB + WFXR-TV 27 17 FO + Ashland WUPV 65 47WB 0 Texarcana KTAL-TV 6 15 * 0 WEFC 38 36 IN - Bristol WCYB-TV 5 28 NB + Tyler KLTV 7 38 AB 0 Staunton WVPT 51 19 PB - Charlottesville Victoria KVCT 19 34 FO + Virginia BeachWVBT 43 29 WB + WVIR-TV 29 32 NB - KAVU-TV 25 15 AB 0 ▼▲ ✪ WHTJ 41 14 PB - WASHINGTON Waco KWTX-TV 10 53 CB + *6447*+ Bellevue KBGE 33 32 IN + KXXV 25 26 AB + Danville WDRL-TV 24 41 UP - KBEH 51 50 * + KCTF 34 20 PB + Fairfax WNVC 56 57 ED 0 BellinghamKVOS-TV 12 35 IN + KWKT 44 57 FO - Front Royal WVPY 42 21 PB 0 KBCB 24 19 * 0 Weslaco KRGV-TV 5 13 AB - Goldvein WNVT 53 30 PB 0 Centralia KCKA 15 19 PB + Wichita Falls Grundy WLFG 68 49 IN 0 Everett KONG-TV 16 31 * - KFDX-TV 3 28 NB + Hampton- Kennewick KVEW 42 14 AB + KAUZ 6 22 CB - KJTL 18 17 FO, Norfolk WVEC-TV 13 41 AB - Pasco KEPR-TV 19 20 CB - UP - WHRO-TV 15 16 PB 0 Pullman KWSU-TV 10 17 PB - Richland KNDU 25 26 NB 0 TV STATIONS

KTNW 31 30 PB 0 Martinsburg WSHE 60 12 IN + WCGV 24 25 UP + Seattle KOMO-TV 4 38 A 0 Morgantown WNPB 24 33 PB - WVCY 30 22 IN 0 KING 5 48 NB + Oak Hill WOAY 4 50 AB 0 WMVT 36 35 PB 0 KIRO 7 39 CB 0 Parkersburg WTAP 15 49 NB - WDJT 58 46 CB 0 KCTS 9 41 PB 0 Weston WDTV 5 58 CB 0 Park Falls WLEF 36 47 PB - KTZZ 22 25 WB + Wheeling WTRF 7 56 CB 0 Racine WJJA 49 48 HS + KHCV 45 44 * + WISCONSIN ▼▲ ✪ Rhinelander WJFW 12 16 NB + Spokane KREM 2 57 CB - Appleton WACY 32 59 UP + Superior KSNB-TV 6 19 * + KXLY 4 54 AB - Chippewa Falls Suring WSCO 14 21 IN - KHQ 6 55 NB - WEUX 48 49 FO 0 Wausau WSAW 7 40 CB - KSPS 7 39 PB + Eagle River WYOW 34 17 AB 0 WAOW 9 29 AB 0 KSKN 22 38 HS 0 Eau Claire WEAU 13 39 NB + WHRM 20 24 PB + KAYU 28 29 FO, WQOW 18 15 AB 0 WYOMING ▼▲ ✪ UP - Fond Du Lac Casper KTWO 2 17 NB, 5 Tacoma KSTW 11 36 UP + WMMF-TV 68 44 * 0 WB + KCPQ 13 18 FO - Green Bay WBAY 2 23 AB + KGWC 14 15 CB - 80 KTBW 20 14 TB 0 WFRV 5 56 CB + KFNB 20 18 AB, KBTC 28 26 PB 0 WLUK 11 51 FO + FO - KWDK 56 42 * 0 WGBA 26 41 NB + Cheyenne KGWN 5 30 CB, AB + Vancouver KPDX 49 48 FO - WPNE 38 42 PB 0 KLWY 27 28 FO - Wenatchee KCWT 27 56 * 0 Janesville WJNW 57 32 * + Yakima KNDO 23 16 NB + KKTU 33 11 NB, Kenosha WHKE 55 40 IN - WB - KIMA 29 52 CB + La Crosse WKBT 8 53 CB + KAPP 35 34 AB 0 Jackson KJWY 2 14 NB 0 WXOW 19 14 AB + Lander-Riverton KYVE 47 21 PB 0 WLAX 25 17 FO 0 WEST VIRGINA ▼▲ ✪ KCWC 4 8 PB 0 WHLA 31 30 PB 0 KGWL 5 7 CB 0 Bluefield WVVA 6 46 NB - Madison WISC 3 50 CB 0 Rawlins KFNR 11 9 AB - WLFB 40 14 * - WMTV 15 19 NB 0 Riverton KFNE 10 16 AB + Charleston WCHS 8 55 AB + WHA 21 20 PB - Rock Springs KGWR 13 19 CB 0 WVAH 11 19 FO, WKOW 27 26 AB - Sheridan KSGW 12 21 AB + UP + WMSN 47 11 FO + WKRP-TV 29 39 * 0 Manitowoc * 16 19 * + Clarksburg WBOY 12 52 NB + Mayville WWRS-TV 52 43 * 0 WLYJ 46 28 IN - Menomonie WHWC 28 27 PB - Grandview WSWP 9 53 PB - Millwaukee WTMJ 4 28 NB - Huntington WSAZ 3 23 NB + WITI 6 33 FO 0 WOWK 13 54 CB + WMVS 10 8 PB + WPBY 33 34 PB + WISN 12 34 AB 0 Lewisburg WVSX 59 48 FO - WVTV 18 61 WB - OHM’S LAW & JOULE’S LAW Ohm’s Law Joule’s Law V = IR P = IV V = voltage in volts P = power in watts I = current in amperes I = current in amperes R = resistance in ohms V = voltage in volts

Equations Summary of Ohm’s & Joule’s Laws

C P ur 6 r, 2 P re e = I R = n V V t 1 w = , o = IV R I P V2 P = = R R P = P = 2 V I I R o , l = IR V t 2 = e a V I c g = n e = PR P a , ist V Res TABLE OF CONVERSIONS The following table lists the conversions between voltage and power measurements for the range of signal levels commonly encountered in Broadband networks. The equations described on the first three pages of section 2 were used in the compilation of this table.

mV dBmV dbµV dBm mV dBmV dbµV dBm 0.0010 -60 0 -108.75 0.0447 -27 33 -75.75 0.0011 -59 1 -107.75 0.0501 -26 34 -74.75 0.0013 -58 2 -106.75 0.0562 -25 35 -73.75 0.0014 -57 3 -105.75 0.0631 -24 36 -72.75 0.0016 -56 4 -104.75 0.0708 -23 37 -71.75 0.0018 -55 5 -103.75 0.0794 -22 38 -70.75 0.0020 -54 6 -102.75 0.0891 -21 39 -69.75 0.0022 -53 7 -101.75 0.1000 -20 40 -68.75 0.0025 -52 8 -100.75 0.1122 -19 41 -67.75 0.0028 -51 9 -99.75 0.1259 -18 42 -66.75 0.0032 -50 10 -98.75 0.1413 -17 43 -65.75 6 0.0035 -49 11 -97.75 0.1585 -16 44 -64.75 0.0040 -48 12 -96.75 0.1778 -15 45 -63.75 2 0.0045 -47 13 -95.75 0.1995 -14 46 -62.75 0.0050 -46 14 -94.75 0.2239 -13 47 -61.75 0.0056 -45 15 -93.75 0.2512 -12 48 -60.75 0.0063 -44 16 -92.75 0.2818 -11 49 -59.75 0.0071 -43 17 -91.75 0.3162 -10 50 -58.75 0.0079 -42 18 -90.75 0.3548 -9 51 -57.75 0.0089 -41 19 -89.75 0.3981 -8 52 -56.75 0.0100 -40 20 -88.75 0.4467 -7 53 -55.75 0.0112 -39 21 -87.75 0.5012 -6 54 -54.75 0.0126 -38 22 -86.75 0.5623 -5 55 -53.75 0.0141 -37 23 -85.75 0.6310 -4 56 -52.75 0.0158 -36 24 -84.75 0.7079 -3 57 -51.75 0.0178 -35 25 -83.75 0.7943 -2 58 -50.75 0.0200 -34 26 -82.75 0.8913 -1 59 -49.75 0.0224 -33 27 -81.75 1.0000 0 60 -48.75 0.0251 -32 28 -80.75 1.1220 1 61 -47.75 0.0282 -31 29 -79.75 1.2589 2 62 -46.75 0.0316 -30 30 -78.75 1.4125 3 63 -45.75 0.0355 -29 31 -77.75 1.5849 4 64 -44.75 0.0398 -28 32 -76.75 1.7783 5 65 -43.75 TABLE OF CONVERSIONS mV dBmV dbµV dBm mV dBmV dbµV dBm 1.9953 6 66 -42.75 158.4893 44 104 -4.75 2.2387 7 67 -41.75 177.8279 45 105 -3.75 2.5119 8 68 -40.75 199.5262 46 106 -2.75 2.8184 9 69 -39.75 223.8721 47 107 -1.75 3.1623 10 70 -38.75 251.1886 48 108 -0.75 3.5481 11 71 -37.75 273.8420 48.75 108.75 0 3.9811 12 72 -36.75 281.8383 49 109 0.25 4.4668 13 73 -35.75 316.2278 50 110 1.25 5.0119 14 74 -34.75 354.8134 51 111 2.25 5.6234 15 75 -33.75 398.1072 52 112 3.25 6.3096 16 76 -32.75 446.6836 53 113 4.25 7.0795 17 77 -31.75 501.1872 54 114 5.25 7.9433 18 78 -30.75 562.3413 55 115 6.25 8.9125 19 79 -29.75 630.9573 56 116 7.25 10.0000 20 80 -28.75 707.9458 57 117 8.25 11.2202 21 81 -27.75 794.3282 58 118 9.25 6 12.5893 22 82 -26.75 891.2509 59 119 10.25 14.1254 23 83 -25.75 1000.0000 60 120 11.25 3 15.8489 24 84 -24.75 1122.0185 61 121 12.25 17.7828 25 85 -23.75 1258.9254 62 122 13.25 19.9526 26 86 -22.75 1412.5375 63 123 14.25 22.3872 27 87 -21.75 1584.8932 64 124 15.25 25.1189 28 88 -20.75 1778.2794 65 125 16.25 28.1838 29 89 -19.75 1995.2623 66 126 17.25 31.6228 30 90 -18.75 2238.7211 67 127 18.25 35.4813 31 91 -17.75 2511.8864 68 128 19.25 39.8107 32 92 -16.75 2818.3829 69 129 20.25 44.6684 33 93 -15.75 3162.2777 70 130 21.25 50.1187 34 94 -14.75 3548.1339 71 131 22.25 56.2341 35 95 -13.75 3981.0717 72 132 23.25 63.0957 36 96 -12.75 4466.8359 73 133 24.25 70.7946 37 97 -11.75 5011.8723 74 134 25.25 79.4328 38 98 -10.75 5623.4133 75 135 26.25 89.1251 39 99 -9.75 6309.5734 76 136 27.25 100.0000 40 100 -8.75 7079.4578 77 137 28.25 112.2018 41 101 -7.75 7943.2823 78 138 29.25 125.8925 42 102 -6.75 8912.5094 79 139 30.25 141.2538 43 103 -5.75 10000.0000 80 140 31.25 RETURN LOSS, REFLECTION COEFFICIENT, AND VOLTAGE STANDING WAVE RATIO (VSWR) Return Loss Reflection VSWR Return Reflection VSWR Loss (dB) Reflection Coefficient (%) Loss (dB) Coefficient (%) 0.0 4.3 100.00 20.0 10.00 1.222 0.5 2.2 94.41 34.753 20.5 9.44 1.208 1.0 1.26 89.13 17.391 21.0 8.91 1.196 1.5 .74 84.14 11.610 21.5 8.41 1.184 2.0 .45 79.43 8.724 22.0 7.94 1.173 2.5 .28 74.99 6.997 22.5 7.50 1.162 3.0 .17 70.79 5.848 23.0 7.08 1.152 3.5 .11 66.83 5.030 23.5 6.68 1.143 4.0 .07 63.10 4.419 24.0 6.31 1.135 4.5 .04 59.57 3.946 24.5 5.96 1.127 5.0 56.23 3.570 25.0 5.62 1.119 5.5 53.09 3.263 25.5 5.31 1.112 6.0 50.12 3.010 26.0 5.01 1.106 6.5 47.32 2.796 26.5 4.73 1.099 7.0 44.67 2.615 27.0 4.47 1.094 7.5 42.17 2.458 27.5 4.22 1.088 8.0 39.81 2.323 28.0 3.98 1.083 6 8.5 37.58 2.204 28.5 3.76 1.078 9.0 35.48 2.100 29.0 3.55 1.074 4 9.5 33.50 2.007 29.5 3.35 1.069 10.0 31.62 1.925 30.0 3.16 1.065 10.5 29.85 1.851 30.5 2.99 1.062 11.0 28.18 1.785 31.0 2.82 1.058 11.5 26.61 1.725 31.5 2.66 1.055 12.0 25.12 1.671 32.0 2.51 1.052 12.5 23.71 1.622 32.5 2.37 1.049 13.0 22.39 1.577 33.0 2.24 1.046 13.5 21.13 1.536 33.5 2.11 1.043 14.0 19.95 1.499 34.0 2.00 1.041 14.5 18.84 1.464 34.5 1.88 1.038 15.0 17.78 1.433 35.0 1.78 1.036 15.5 16.79 1.404 35.5 1.68 1.034 16.0 15.85 1.377 36.0 1.58 1.032 16.5 14.96 1.352 36.5 1.50 1.030 17.0 14.13 1.329 37.0 1.41 1.029 17.5 13.34 1.308 37.5 1.33 1.027 18.0 12.59 1.288 38.0 1.26 1.025 18.5 11.89 1.270 38.5 1.19 1.024 19.0 11.22 1.253 39.0 1.12 1.023 19.5 10.59 1.237 39.5 1.06 1.021 RETURN LOSS RATIO (RLR) RLR (dB) VSWR 0 30.00 (SWR - 1) RLR (dB) = -20 ¥ log10 10.00 (SWR +1) 6.00

4.00 -5 3.00 % Reflection RLR (dB) = -20 ¥ log10 ( ) 2.50 100

2.00 -10 1.70 Z75 + Zx RLR (dB) = -20 ¥ log10 (see note) 1.60 Z75 - Zx 1.50 -15 6 1.40 (SWR - 1) 1.30 % Reflection = ¥ 100 5 (SWR +1) -20 1.20 2 (VSWR +1) 1.15 Loss (Reflection) = 10 ¥ log 4(VSWR ) -25 1.10 The column marked Loss (Reflection), on page 6.5, indicates the insertion loss that is attributable to the 1.08 amount of signal reflected at the device input. -30 1.06

1.05 RL 20 1.04 E 10 +1 -35 SWR = max SWR = RL Emin 1.03 10 20 -1

-40 1.02 Note: In a 75-Ohm transmission line. CONVERSION FACTORS

SIGNAL LEVELS 0 dBm = + 48.75 dBmV /75 ohms 0 dBW = + 78.75 dBmV /75 ohms 0 dBmV = 60 dBµV

PREFIXES milli (m) = 1/1,000 micro (µ) = 1/1,000,000 nano (n) = 1/1,000,000,000 pica (p) = 1/1,000,000,000,000 6 kilo (k) = 1,000 6 mega (M) = 1,000,000 giga (G) = 1,000,000,000

ENERGY / HEAT 12,000 BTU = One Ton 1 Watt / hour = 3.415 Btu 1 horsepower = 746 Watts 1 atmosphere = 14.6 pounds per square inch °Fahrenheit = (9/5 x °C) + 32 °CELSIUS = 5/9 x (°F - 32) CONVERSION FACTORS

VOLUME 1 cubic yard = 27 cubic feet 1 cubic inch = 16.38716 cubic centimeters 1 cubic meter = 1.307943 cubic yards 1 US gallon = 3.7853 liters 1 US gallon = 128 fluid ounces 1 US gallon = 0.8327 Imperial Gallons 1 liter = 61.025 cubic inches 1 liter = 1000 cubic centimeters 6 WEIGHT 7 1 pound = 16 ounces 1 pound = 453.592 grams 1 kilogram = 2.20462 pounds 1 kilogram = 1000 grams 1 ton = 2000 pounds 1 ton = 907.185 kilograms 1 metric ton = 2205 pounds CONVERSION FACTORS

LINEAR 1 mile = 5280 feet 1 mile = 1.60935 kilometers 1 kilometer = 3280.83 feet 1 kilometer = 0.621 miles 1 kilometer = 1000 meters 1 meter = 39.37 inches 1 meter = 3.281 feet 1 meter = 100 centimeters 1 centimeter = 10 millimeters 6 1 centimeter = 0.394 inches 1 millimeter = 1000 microns 8 1 micron = 1000 nanometers 1 foot = 30.48 centimeters 1 inch = 25.4 millimeters 1 inch = 1000 mils 1 mil = 25.4 microns 1 micron = 0.3937 mil 1 yard = 36 inches CONVERSION FACTORS Degrees, Fahrenheit to Celsius F 0 -1 -2 - 3 -4 - 5 - 6 - 7 - 8 9 -40 -40.0 -40.6 -41.1 -41.7 -42.2 -42.8 -43.3 -43.9 -44.4 -45.0 -30 -34.4 -35.0 -35.6 -36.1 -36.7 -37.2 -37.8 -38.3 -38.9 -39.4 -20 -28.9 -29.4 -30.0 -30.6 -31.1 -31.7 -32.2 -32.8 -33.3 -33.9 -10 -23.3 -23.9 -24.4 -25.0 -25.6 -26.1 -26.7 -27.2 -27.8 -28.3 0 -17.8 -18.3 -18.9 -19.4 -20.0 -20.6 -21.1 -21.7 -22.2 -22.8 +0 1 2 3 4 56 7 8 9 0 -17.8 -17-.2 -16.7 -16.1 -15.6 -15.0 -14.4 -13.9 -13.3 -12.8 10 -12.2 -11.7 -11.1 -10.6 -10.0 -9.4 -8.9 -8.3 -7.8 -7.2 20 -6.7 -6.1 -5.6 -5.0 -4.4 -3.9 -3.3 -2.8 -2.2 -1.7 6 30 -1.1 -0.6 0.0 0.6 1.1 1.7 2.2 2.8 3.3 3.9 9 40 4.4 5.0 5.6 6.1 6.7 7.2 7.8 8.3 8.9 9.4 50 10.0 10.6 11.1 11.7 12.2 12.8 13.3 13.9 14.4 15.0 60 15.6 16.1 16.7 17.2 17.8 18.3 18.9 19.4 20.0 20.6 70 21.1 21.7 22.2 22.8 23.3 23.9 24.4 25.0 25.6 26.1 80 26.7 27.2 27.8 28.3 28.9 29.4 30.0 30.6 31.1 31.7 90 32.2 32.8 33.3 33.9 34.4 35.0 35.6 36.1 36.7 37.2 100 37.8 38.3 38.9 39.4 40.0 40.6 41.1 41.7 42.2 42.8 110 43.3 43.9 44.4 45.0 45.6 46.1 46.7 47.2 47.8 48.3 120 48.9 49.4 50.0 50.6 51.1 51.7 52.2 52.8 53.3 53.9 130 54.4 55.0 55.6 56.1 56.7 57.2 57.8 58.3 58.9 59.4 140 60.0 60.6 61.1 61.7 62.2 62.8 63.3 63.9 64.4 65.0 150 65.6 66.1 66.7 67.2 67.8 68.3 68.9 69.4 70.0 70.6 160 71.1 71.7 72.2 72.8 73.3 73.9 74.4 75.0 75.6 76.1 170 76.7 77.2 77.8 78.3 78.9 79.4 80.0 80.6 81.1 81.7 TEMPERATURE CONVERSION NOMOGRAPH

¡C ¡F +70 +150 +60 +140 +130 FAHRENHEIT, °F +50 +120 +110 9 +40 °F = °C x + 32 +100 ()5 +90 +30 +80 6 +70 CELSIUS, °C +20 10 +60 °C = 5 (°F – 32) +10 +50 9 +40 0 +30 KELVIN, °K +20 -10 +10 °K = °C + 273 0 -20 -10 -20 -30 -30 -40 -40 WIRE GAUGE DATA (AWG) AWG Diameter Area, circular Ohms per 1000 ft. Weight per mils, d mils, d2 at 20°C, or 68° F 1000 ft. (lbs.) 0000 460.00 211,600 0.04901 640.5 000 409.64 167,805 0.06180 508.0 00 364.80 133.079 0.07793 402.8 0 324.86 105.534 0.09827 319.5 1 289.30 83,694 0.1239 253.3 2 257.63 66.373 0.1563 200.9 3 229.42 52,634 0.1970 159.3 4 204.31 41,743 0.2485 126.4 5 181.94 33,102 0.3133 100.2 6 162.02 26,250 0.3951 79.46 7 144.28 20,817 0.4982 63.02 8 129.49 16,768 0.6282 49.98 9 114.43 13,094 0.7921 39.63 10 101.89 10,382 0.9989 31.43 11 90.742 8,234.1 1.260 24.93 12 80.808 6,529.9 1.588 19.77 13 71.961 5,178.4 2.003 15.68 14 64.084 4,106.8 2.525 12.42 6 15 57.068 3,256.8 3.184 9.858 16 50.820 2,582.7 4.016 7.818 11 17 45.257 2,048.2 5.064 6.200 18 40.303 1,624.3 6.385 4.917 19 35.890 1,288.1 8.051 3.899 20 31.961 1,021.5 10.15 3.092 21 28.465 810.10 12.80 2.452 22 25.347 642.47 16.14 1.945 23 22.571 509.45 20.36 1.542 24 20.100 404.01 25.67 1.223 25 17.900 320.41 32.37 0.9699 26 15.940 254.08 40.81 0.7692 27 14.195 201.50 51.47 0.6100 28 12.641 159.79 64.90 0.4837 29 11.257 126.72 81.83 0.3836 30 10.025 100.50 103.2 0.3042 31 8.928 79.71 130.1 0.2413 32 7.950 63.20 164.1 0.1913 33 7.080 50.13 206.9 0.1517 34 6.305 39.75 260.9 0.1203 35 5.615 31.53 329.0 0.0954 36 5.000 25.00 414.8 0.0757 37 4.453 19.83 523.1 0.0600 38 3.965 15.72 059.6 0.0476 39 3.531 12.47 831.8 0.0377 40 3.145 9.89 1049 0.0299 CURRENT RATINGS FOR ELECTRONIC CABLES The maximum continuous current rating for an electronic cable is limited by conductor size, number of conductors contained within the cable, maximum temperature rating of the cable, and environmental conditions such as ambient temperature and air flow. To use the current capacity chart, first determine conductor size, temperature rating, and number of conductors from the applicable product description for the cable of interest. Next, find the current value on the chart for the proper temperature rating and conductor size. To calculate the maximum current rating/conductor, multiply the chart value by the appropriate conductor factor. The chart assumes cable is surrounded by still air at an ambient temperature of 25˚ C. Current values are in RMS Amperes and are valid for copper conductors only. 100 90 80 70 60 50

40

30

20 6

35û C Temp. Rise 10 12 9 Above Ambient 8 7

Current (In Amperes) Current (In 6 5 10û C Temp. Rise 4 Above Ambient

3

2

1 28 26 24 22 20 18 16 14 12 10 8 Conductor Size (in AWG) No. of Conductors** Factors NOTE: Current ratings are intended as general guidelines for low power **Do not 1 1.6 count electronic communications and control shields 2 - 3 1.0 applications. Current ratings for power unless 4 - 5 .8 applications generally are set by used 6 - 15 .7 regulatory agencies such as UL, CSA, as a NEC, and others. conductor 16 - 30 .5 . CABLE SUBSTITUTION CHART (PER NEC*) Type MP = Fire Resistant Multipurpose Cables Level Type CM = 4 Test NEC ARTICLES (Highest) Requirements 800 725 760 820 Communications Cables Type CL2, CL3 = Class 2 and Class 3 PLENUM MPP Remote Control, Signaling 4 CMP and Power Limited Cables CL3P UL-910 NFPA-262 FPLP CATVP Type FPL = (STEINER CL2P TUNNEL) Power-Limited Fire Alarm Cables RISER MPR Type CATV = 3 CMR Community Antenna CL3R UL-1666 Television and Radio (VERTICAL FPLR CATVR SHAFT) CL2R Distribution Cables 6 Type OFN = GENERAL MPG Non-conductive Optical MP PURPOSE CMG CM Fiber Cables 13 2 PLTC Type OFC = FPLP CATV UL-1581 CL3 Conductive Optical Fiber (VERTICAL TRAY Cables OR CSA FT 4) CL2 Type PLTC = Power-Limited Tray Cables

RESIDENTIAL CMX Type CMG = CATVX 1 (LOWEST) CL3X A CM Which Passes CSA FT4 UL-1581 VW-1 CL2X (VERTICAL Type MPG= FLAME) A MP Which Passes CSA FT4 Under certain conditions these cables can be substituted [NEC 760-51 (A), (B), & (G).] Type OFNG= A OFN Which Passes Cables indicated can be substituted. CSA FT4 Type OFCG= *National Electrical Code and NEC are registered trademarks of the National A OFC Which Passes Fire Protection Association, Inc., Quincy, MA. CSA FT4 COMMON CATV SYMBOLS

Headend HUB Location

Amplifier Feedforward Amplifier

hileg Amplifier With Bridging Amplifier With Subscriber Distribution Subscriber Distribution

Bridging Amplifier With Terminating (non-bridging) Subscriber Distribution Amplifier With Subscriber Distribution

AC Power A-B Switch Block

Feeder Line Equalizer 2 Way Splitter 7 Directional Coupler 1 3 Way Splitter (Dot Indicates Directional High Output Leg) Coupler High Loss Leg 4 Way Splitter 1 2 Optical Splitter With Level Assignments 3 2x % loss 2-way Optical Optical 3x Splice Couplers 3-way % loss Locations

4x % loss 4-way COMMON CATV SYMBOLS

0.412 Inch Cable Standby Power Supply 0.500 Inch Cable 0.750 Inch Cable Power Inserter 1.000 Inch Cable Power Supply

Termination Tap # Ports 14 16 Interdiction 83 Unit Symbol Fixed Attenuator Eq. Att.

14 Terminating Tap # 1 Output Tap

Stand Alone # 2 Output Tap Status Monitor

# 4 Output Tap 7 Splice

2 6 Output Tap Transmitter #

Receiver # 8 OutputTap

Male Optical Connector Figure Eight Female Optical Cable Fiber Cable F# With Number Representations Of Fibers DIGITAL “L-BAND” DISTRIBUTION SYMBOLS

VH VH 22/27 22/27 T Multiswitch Amplifier SMS 3400 LDA 28-2 T T = =

VHT A 18VB 13V

Multiswitch 18/24 18/24 SMS 3810 Amplifier DC IN LDAP-24 = = =

VHT 26/29 Amplifier LDA 36 DC Multiswitch T DC SMK 3340

VHT 20 Amplifier 7 Multiswitch LA124-20 LA 3310 LA922-20 3

VHT DC Booster Amp Multiswitch 10 LPA-10 LPI 3300

Power Inserter LPI 2200 Power Supply: Multiswitch = LPI 188Ps

Amplifiers PS120-1218; PS120-12; LPI 122PS; LPI 183PS DIGITAL “L-BAND” DISTRIBUTION SYMBOLS

1 Port Dir. Coupler Trunk Grade 8 DCL-108 = Splitter LPD-2

1 Port Trunk Grade 12 Dir. Coupler DCL-112 Splitter LPD-2p

1 Port 16 Dir. Coupler Trunk Grade DCL-116 Splitter LPD-3p

1 Port 20 Dir. Coupler Trunk Grade DCL-120 = Splitter = = LPD-4 1 Port Dir. Coupler 24 DCL-124 Trunk Grade Splitter LPD-4p 2 Port 12 Dir. Coupler DCL-212 Trunk Grade Splitter 2 Port ===== LPD-6 16 Dir. Coupler DCL-216 7 Trunk Grade Splitter 2 Port LPD-6p 4 20 Dir. Coupler DCL-220 Trunk Grade 2 Port Splitter 24 Dir. Coupler ======LPD-8 DCL-224

4 Port Trunk Grade 12 Dir. Coupler Splitter DCL-412 LPD-8p

4 Port 16 Dir. Coupler DCL-416

4 Port Diplexer 20 Dir. Coupler LUV 2150 DCL-420

4 Port Terminator 24 Dir. Coupler LTF 2150 DCL-424 CABLE AND EQUALIZER FORMULAS 1. CABLE LOSS RATIO The ratio of cable attenuation at two frequencies is approximately equal to the square root of the ratio of the two frequencies.

Cable Loss Ratio = f 1 f 2

Example: To calculate the approximate cable loss at 55 MHz when the loss at 450 MHz is 20 dB,

55 Attenuation (at 55 MHz) = 450 x 20 = 6.99 dB

2. TILT TO CABLE LOSS To convert tilt (differential in signal level between end frequencies of the cable bandpass) to cable loss at the highest frequency: Tilt (dB) 8 dB of Cable = f 1 1- 1 f 2 Example: To calculate the cable loss at the highest frequency when the measured tilt is 12 dB between 55 and 450 MHz

12 dB of Cable = = 18.45 dB 55 1- 450 CABLE AND EQUALIZER FORMULAS 3. EQUALIZER LOSS AT ANY FREQUENCY To calculate the equalizer loss at any frequency, the following formula may be used:

f Loss at f1 = Eq. Value - (( Eq. value x 1 ) -1) f 2 Example: To calculate the loss of an equalizer for 20 dB of cable at 450 MHz at a frequency f1 of 55 MHz,

Loss at 55 MHz = 20 - ((20 x 55 ) -1) = 14.01 dB 450

8

2 CABLE-LOSS CONVERSION CHART Use this chart to f 2 f 2 find a cable span’s f1 f2 f1 f2 attenuation at a (MHz) (MHz)f 1 (MHz) (MHz) f 1 new frequency if 220 270 1.108 400 440 1.049 you already know 220 300 1.168 400 500 1.118 220 330 1.225 400 550 1.173 its attenuation at 220 400 1.348 400 600 1.225 one frequency. 220 440 1.414 400 750 1.369 220 500 1.508 400 860 1.466 If you know the 220 550 1.581 400 1000 1.581 cable loss at f1 220 600 1.651 and want to find 270 300 1.054 440 500 1.066 270 330 1.106 440 55O 1.118 the corresponding 270 400 1.217 440 600 1.168 loss at a higher 270 440 1.277 440 750 1.306 frequency f2 270 500 1.361 440 860 1.398 multiply the loss 270 550 1.427 440 1000 1.508 at f by the 270 600 1.491 1 300 330 1.049 500 550 1.049 conversion factor. 300 400 1.155 500 600 1.095 The result is the 300 440 1.211 500 750 1.225 cable loss at f2. 300 500 1.291 500 860 1.311 300 550 1.354 500 1000 1.414 If you know the 300 600 1.414 330 400 1.101 550 600 1.044 cable loss at f2 8 and want to find 330 440 1.155 550 750 1.168 330 500 1.231 550 860 1.250 3 the corresponding 330 550 1.291 550 1000 1.348 loss at a lower 330 600 1.348 1000 1250 1.118 frequency f1 330 750 1.508 1000 1500 1.225 divide the loss at 330 860 1.614 1000 1750 1.323 330 1000 1.741 1000 2000 1.414 f2 by the conver- 1000 2150 1.466 sion factor. The result is the cable Example: If a cable span attenuates a 220 MHz signal by 10 dB, by how much will it attenuate a 300 MHz signal? loss at f1. Loss at 300 MHz = Loss at 220 MHz x conversion factor = 1O dB x 1.168 = 11.68 dB CABLE LOSS AND TEMPERATURE This equation calculates the percentage of change in cable attenuation (loss) caused by a temperature change: % change in cable loss = 1.1% per 10°F This equation calculates the change in cable loss in a span of cable, expressed in dB. change in cable loss (in dB) = standard loss x % change in cable loss

Example: If the standard loss is 22 dB* when the temperature is 70°F and the temperature drops to -40°F, what is the change in attenuation for that cable span? 1. Determine the number of degrees of temperature change. T = T2 - T1 = (-40°F) - 70°F = (-110° F) 2. Find the percent change in cable loss. % change = 1% per 10°F x (-110°F) 8 = (1%/10°F) x (-110°F) = - 11% 4 3. Find the dB change in the span’s loss. Change in cable loss (in dB) = -11% x 22 dB = -2.42 dB So, if the span’s loss was 22 dB at 70°F it becomes 22 dB + (-2.42 dB) = 19.58 dB at -40°F. Changes in cable loss accumulate over multiple cable spans and can cause performance degradation if not controlled by AGC/ASC units. TYPICAL CABLE ATTENUATION CHART IN dB/100 FEET @ 68 °F (20 °C) Frequency Drop Cable SemiFlex Cable (MHz) RG59 RG6 RG7 RG11 412 500 625 750 875 1000 565 700 840 1160 5 0.77 0.57 0.56 0.36 0.20 0.16 0.13 0.11 0.09 0.08 0.14 0.11 0.09 0.07 55 1.88 1.50 1.22 0.95 0.68 0.55 0.45 0.37 0.32 0.29 0.47 0.37 0.32 0.24 211 3.59 2.87 2.29 1.81 1.35 1.08 0.89 0.73 0.64 0.58 0.93 0.74 0.64 0.48 250 3.89 3.12 2.49 1.98 1.49 1.19 0.98 0.81 0.70 0.64 1.03 0.82 0.70 0.53 270 4.05 3.24 2.59 2.06 1.55 1.24 1.02 0.84 0.73 0.67 1.07 0.85 0.73 0.56 300 4.27 3.43 2.74 2.17 1.64 1.31 1.08 0.89 0.78 0.72 1.13 0.90 0.77 0.59 330 4.50 3.61 2.89 2.29 1.73 1.38 1.14 0.94 0.82 0.76 1.19 0.95 0.82 0.63 350 4.64 3.72 2.98 2.36 1.78 1.43 1.18 0.97 0.84 0.78 1.23 0.98 0.84 0.65 400 4.88 4.00 3.20 2.53 1.91 1.53 1.27 1.05 0.91 0.84 1.32 1.05 0.91 0.70 450 5.30 4.28 3.41 2.69 2.03 1.63 1.35 1.12 0.97 0.90 1.40 1.12 0.97 0.75 500 5.50 4.51 3.61 2.85 2.15 1.73 1.43 1.18 1.03 0.96 1.49 1.19 1.03 0.80 550 5.90 4.76 3.80 3.01 2.26 1.82 1.51 1.25 1.09 1.01 1.56 1.25 1.09 0.84 600 6.18 4.98 3.99 3.16 2.37 1.91 1.58 1.31 1.14 1.06 1.64 1.31 1.14 0.89 750 6.96 5.62 4.50 3.58 2.68 2.16 1.79 1.48 1.29 1.21 1.85 1.49 1.30 1.01 870 7.54 6.09 4.87 3.90 2.90 2.35 1.95 1.61 1.41 1.33 2.01 1.62 1.41 1.11 8 950 7.90 6.39 5.11 4.10 3.03 2.49 2.04 1.72 1.50 1.35 2.15 1.75 1.51 1.15 1000 8.09 6.54 5.25 4.23 3.13 2.53 2.11 1.74 1.53 1.44 2.17 1.75 1.53 1.20 5 1200 8.91 7.18 5.77 4.71 3.44 2.83 2.32 1.96 1.72 1.55 2.45 2.00 1.72 1.33 1450 9.82 7.89 6.34 5.29 3.81 3.12 2.61 2.16 1.90 1.81 2.66 2.13 1.90 1.52 1750 10.92 8.74 6.93 5.95 4.23 3.47 2.92 2.41 2.13 2.03 2.96 2.36 2.13 1.71 1850 11.23 8.99 7.13 6.12 4.36 3.60 2.97 2.52 2.22 2.07 3.13 2.57 2.23 1.74 2000 11.67 9.34 7.41 6.36 4.55 3.76 3.12 2.64 2.32 2.11 3.27 2.69 2.33 1.82 2150 12.10 9.69 7.68 6.60 4.74 3.92 3.24 2.75 2.43 2.21 3.41 2.81 2.44 1.91 Loop 59.9 39.6 26.8 19.5 2.5 1.7 1.1 0.8 0.4 1.3 0.9 0.9 0.6 0.3 Resist. Note: Loop resistance shown in ohms/1000 ft. 75 OHM ATTENUATOR TABLE & EQUATIONS

Loss T-Attenuator Pi-Attenuator (dB) Resistor (Ω) Resistor (Ω) abcd 0.5 2.16 1302.16 2606.49 4.32 1.0 4.31 650.00 1304.32 8.65 1.5 6.46 432.14 870.75 13.02 2.0 8.60 322.86 654.32 17.42 2.5 10.72 257.01 524.75 21.89 3.0 12.82 212.89 438.60 26.42 4.0 16.97 157.24 331.46 35.77 5.0 21.01 123.36 267.73 45.60 6.0 24.92 100.40 225.71 56.03 7.0 28.69 83.70 196.09 67.20 8.0 32.29 70.96 174.21 79.27 9.0 35.72 60.89 157.49 92.38 10.0 38.96 52.70 144.37 106.73 11.0 42.02 45.92 133.87 122.49 12.0 44.89 40.22 125.32 139.87 13.0 47.56 35.35 118.27 159.11 14.0 50.05 31.17 112.39 180.46 15.0 52.35 27.55 107.44 204.21 16.0 54.48 24.39 103.25 230.67 17.0 56.43 21.62 99.67 260.18 18.0 58.23 19.19 96.60 293.15 9 19.0 59.87 17.04 93.96 330.01 20.0 61.36 15.15 91.67 371.25 1 aa d b c c

T-Attenuator Pad PI-Attenuator Pad 75 OHM ATTENUATOR TABLE & EQUATIONS The equations necessary to calculate the resistance values in ohms (Ω) for T and Pi pad Attenuators are as follows: n/ n/ 10 20 -1 10 20 +1 a = z n / c = z n/ 10 20 +1 10 20 -1

n 2n / /20 10 20 z 10 -1 b = 2z 2n d = n /20 2 /20 10 -1 10 where: n = loss in dB z = impedance value in Ω To obtain resistance values at various impedances, simply multiply the resistances by the impedance value.

2 Example: /20 Given n = 2.0, 10 -1 1.259 -1 a = 75 2 / = 75 calculate the 10 20 +1 1.259 +1 resistance 9 values = 75 (0.1146) = 8.60 Ω for a 75 Ω 2 2 T-Attenuator: /20 10 1.259 b = 2(75) 2x2 / = 150 10 20 -1 1.585 -1 = 150(2.152) = 322.86 Ω GHOSTS Ghosts are duplicates of the reproduced picture located to the right or left of the picture. Ghosts displaced to the left are generally due to ingress , for example, direct pick up. Assuming ghosts are not present in the signals at the headend, ghosts displaced to the right are generally indicative of impedance mismatches in the system, for example, devices with poor return loss. The following will help to find the cause of a ghost that is displaced to the right. d d X = x (V ) x 25845 ft. D P

D 25845 = constant derived from speed of light x scan time for horizontal line X = distance in feet between the source of reflection and re-reflection d = displacement of ghost on TV set in inches D = horizontal width of TV set in inches Vp = Velocity of Propagation referenced to free air Example: TV screen, D = 24 inches wide Ghost image, d = 0.16 inches wide 9 Velocity of propagation for cable, Vp = 0.88

3 X = (25845 ft) x (0.16 in) x (0.88) = 152 ft between devices 24 in. Once distance X is calculated, check the system maps for both (1) the circumstance where there are devices that are approximately distance X apart and (2) that the circumstance is between to the signal source and the location where the ghost is being viewed. ECHO RATING GRAPH TIME DELAY (ns) DISTANCE (ft) @ .88 VP GHOST VISIBLE 864 345 173 8642 200 400 NOT GHOST VISIBLE 100 1000 10000 100000 86.4 9 50

43.2 4 10 0 -5 -10 -15 -20 -25 -30 -35 -40 -45 -50 RATIO OF REFLECTED TO DESIRED SIGNAL (dB) SIGNAL TO INTERFERENCE LIMITS NON-COHERENT CARRIERS 6

Sound Carrier 5

Color Carrier NOT VISIBLE VISIBLE 234

9 Video Carrier

5 1 CHANNEL BANDPASS (MHz) CHANNEL BANDPASS 0 -40 -30 -58 -50 AMPLITUDE BELOW VIDEO CARRIER (dB) ERROR CORRECTIONS CHART Use this table to find the error correction when measuring levels within 10 dB of the noise floor. For example, measuring a level 7 dB above the noise floor would give a display error of 1 dB. 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 DISPLAY SIGNAL ABOVE NOISE LEVEL (dB) DISPLAY 9

2 6 1 0 1 0 4 3 2 7 6 5 8

DISPLAY ERROR (dB) HETERODYNE MODULATOR CHANNEL "12" PICTURE 45.75 MHZ CHANNEL "2" OUTPUT MODULE CONVERTER Fv Fc MODULATOR AUDIO / VIDEO / AUDIO VIDEO "IF" 9 SOUND 7 41.25 MHZ VIDEO AUDIO "IF" AUDIO AUDIO HETERODYNE PROCESSOR CHANNEL "12" PICTURE 45.75 MHZ OUTPUT MODULE CONVERTER "IF" INPUT MODULE SOUND CONVERTER 41.25 MHZ "IF" LOOP 9

8 CHANNEL "2" BROADBAND RF NETWORK POWERING In order to properly design AC powering, several things must be considered: • What AC voltage will provide the best performance / least number of power supplies? • What AC voltage can the network's active components use for powering? • What are the operating voltages, minimum and maximum, of all network devices? • Current Draw - Know the product nuances eg 1. Linear supplies may draw more current when a lower input voltage tap is selected and vice versa. 2. True switching supplies automatically draw less current for a higher input voltage and vice versa. Scanning the SMI interdiction charts on pages 1-65 thru 1-67 should help. • What is the AC current passing capacity of all network devices, active and passive? • Will any power be required for customer premise devices? • Will additional powering requirements be needed later, such as RF return amplifiers? • To what percentage of efficiency will you be loading your power supplies?* * Efficiency rating (how much of the maximum available current to use). Rule of thumb is an 80% efficiency rating • Will your power supplies have battery backup (standby) and if so, how much running time will you expect to achieve before battery depletion? • Will you try to locate your power supplies along key locations of the 9 electric company's power grid? Example: If a customer's electric service goes down, will they still have Broadband signals or can you 9 coordinate the two losses of service? • Will you have special designs such as express feeder, where only trunk but no distribution plant will have any AC voltage or current present? (does not allow for powering of subscriber devices). • Will you have separate power supplies for distribution plant to power short amplifier cascades and interdiction units and/or subscriber devices? This leaves the power supplies for fiber optic nodes and trunk amplifiers longer standby run time. BROADBAND RF NETWORK POWERING It is best that the current from a power supply is distributed equally to the 'input' side and 'output' side of the power inserter. The reason is that devices added to one side of the power inserter will not lower the voltages to devices on the other side. This allows more 'reach' per power supply; more devices can be powered than if there is a single cable extending only in one direction. It is critical to remember that an AC power supply is powering devices that are both upstream (toward headend) and downstream (away from headend). Adding active devices to a cable increases the total current draw through that cable, reducing voltages to all active devices due to the IR loss of the cable. (It is critical to remember that when an additional active component is added to a cable, voltages and current must be recalculated for every active device fed from that side of the power inserter.) Here is a simple powering design using some known quantities. (fig. 1) 1,200 feet

Figure 1 PSA-5998 15 Ampere Capacity 60 VAC

AMPLIFIER 'A'

1. The voltage from the power supply in figure 1 is 60 VAC. 2. Amplifier 'A' in figure 1 draws 1.0 ampere of current. 9 3. The loop resistance of the cable in figure 1 is 1.7 ohms per 1000'. 10 • The loop resistance of the span of cable in figure 1 is calculated by multiplying 1.7 ohms by 1.2 thousand feet to achieve 2.04 ohms. • The voltage drop through the cable will equal 1.0 ampere X 2.04 ohms or 2.04 volts. • The voltage at amplifier 'A' will be 60 VAC minus 2.04 VAC or 57.96 volts AC. BROADBAND RF NETWORK POWERING Adding another amplifier beyond amplifier 'A' has this effect on the design: (fig. 2)

1,200 feet 1,400 feet

PSA-5998 A B 15 Ampere Capacity 60 VAC AMPLIFIER 'A' AMPLIFIER 'B'

Figure 2 1. Amplifier 'B' in figure 2 draws 2.5 amperes of current. • The loop resistance of the second span of cable is calculated by multiplying 1.7 ohms by 1.2 thousand feet to achieve 2.38 ohms. • The current draws of the two amplifiers are added totaling 3.5 amperes. • The voltage drop through the first span of cable increases to 7.14 volts because the current drawn by amplifier 'B' must also flow through it. The second span of cable will only carry the current drawn by amplifier 'B'. • The current draw through the second span of cable is 2.5 amperes (amplifier 'B' only) X 2.38 ohms = 5.95 volts. 9 • The voltage at amplifier 'A' becomes 60 VAC minus 7.14 VAC or 52.86 volts AC. 11 • The voltage at amplifier 'B' will be 52.86 VAC minus 5.95 VAC or 46.91 volts AC. A diagram of a more complicated network powering design for one half of the power inserter is shown in figure 3. BROADBAND RF NETWORK POWERING POWER SUPPLY

PSA-5998 15 Ampere Capacity 60 Loaded to VAC 12.0 Amperes 15 A 42.97V Required LOOP @ 0.375A 0.375A RESISTANCE 1.36 800' 0.51V FOR SPAN POWER 43.5V INSERTER 59.8V 53.7V 48.6V 0.75A 1.36 800' 1.02V Assume 2.04 2.04 2.04 5.0 Amperes 1200' 1200' 1200' Current Drawn 3.0A 2.5A 2.0A From Similar 6.12V 5.1V 4.08V Distribution System 0.75A 1.36 800' 1.02V VOLTAGE DROP 43V Required 44.5V THIS SPAN 0.375A @ 0.5A 1.36 800' TOTAL CURRENT 0.51V IN THIS SPAN

Figure 3 .500 AL COAX LOOP RESISTANCE = 1.7 OHMS/1000' Power Supply Locating Hints: • Basically approach the design by moving from the last active device, toward the anticipated power supply location. • Begin with the assumption that the minimum voltage plus saftey margin (start voltage) will be delivered to the last active device. • Use the cable span loop resistance from the last active device to calculate the voltage drop of the span. Calculate the additional voltage drop for each additional active device moving device by device and span by span. • Add the current draw from all active devices until each side of the power inserter accounts for roughly 40% of the total rated power supply current capacity, while ensuring that the sum of all the voltage drops and the start voltage does not exceed the power supply rated output voltage. 9 • To check the design perform the calculations again, starting at the power supply and moving away from it. 12 • Design system so that the power supply’s total current is near the manufacturers efficiency ratings (roughly 80% of maximum). • Maintain voltages above the minimum active device requirements. • Make sure your power supply locations can be reached easily for maintenance and repair and can be legally installed. • Plan for new subdivisions. Leave extra powering available for them. CUMULATIVE LEAKAGE INDEX Cumulative Leakage Index (CLI), also referred to as a “figure of merit” measurement, is a method for assessing the leakage integrity of a cable plant. The cable operator demonstrates compliance with a cumulative signal leakage index by showing either that:

≤ ≤ 10 log I3000 -7 or: 10 log I∞ 64

using either: n E 2 n I = 1 ∑ i or: I =1 ∑ E 2 3000 ¿ 2 ∞ ¿ i i=1 Ri i=1 where:

2 2 2 Ri = ri + (3000)

and where: r = Distance in meters (m) between the leakage source and the center of the cable system. ø = Fraction of the system cable length actually examined for leakage sources. The fraction is equal to the strand miles tested divided by total 10 strand miles. R = Slant height distance (m) from leakage source i to a point 3,000 meters 1 above the center of the cable system. E = Electric field strength in microvolts per meter (µV/m) measured 3 meters from leak i. n = Number of leaks found with a field strength ≥ 50 µV/m. CUMULATIVE LEAKAGE INDEX The following formula may be substituted to determine the CLI figure of merit. Compliance is attained if the formula yields a figure of merit less than or equal to 64.

M n p ∑ 2 ≤ 10 log n iLi 64 Md i=1

where: Mp = Total Plant Miles (miles) Md=Total Plant Miles Driven (miles) n = Number of leaks with the same level L = Level of the leak in microvolts per meter (µV/m) k = Number of different levels Example: Given the following information about a cable system, determine the CLI. Mp = Total plant miles = 1500 miles Md = Plant miles driven = 1350 miles Number of leaks and level of each in µV/m = n1 =300 leaks @ L1 = 50 µV/m n2 = 30 leaks @ L2 = 100 µV/m n3 = 3 leaks @ L3 = 450 µV/m 2 2 2 Sum of: niLi +n2L2 +n3L3 = 10 (300 x 50 x 50) + (30 x 100 x 100) + (3 x 450 x 450) = 750000 + 300000 + 607500 = 1657500 2 CLI = 10 log (1.11 x 1657500) = 10 log (1839825) = 62.65 ≤ 64 MAXIMUM LEAKAGE LEVELS The following table gives the maximum leakage levels at the given channels and voltage level. Ch# Visual 20 µV/M 50 µV/m Ch# Visual 20 µV/M 50 µV/m Carrier (dBmV) (dBmV) Carrier (dBmV) (dBmV) T-7 7.0000 -17.33 -9.37 25 229.2625 -47.63 -39.67 T-8 13.0000 -22.70 -14.74 26 235.2625 -47.85 -39.90 T-9 19.0000 -26.00 -18.04 27 241.2625 -48.07 -40.11 T-10 25.0000 -28.38 -20.42 28 247.2625 -48.29 -40.33 T-11 31.0000 -30.25 -22.29 29 253.2625 -48.50 -40.54 T-12 37.0000 -31.79 -23.83 30 259.2625 -48.70 -40.74 T-13 43.0000 -33.09 -25.13 31 265.2625 -48.90 -40.94 2 55.2500 -35.27 -27.31 32 271.2625 -49.09 -41.13 3 61.2500 -36.17 -28.21 33 277.2625 -49.28 -41.32 4 67.2500 -36.98 -29.02 34 283.2625 -49.47 -41.51 5 77.2500 -38.18 -30.22 35 289.2625 -49.65 -41.69 6 83.2500 -38.83 -30.87 36 295.2625 -49.83 -41.87 14 121.2625 -42.10 -34.14 37 301.2625 -50.00 -42.04 15 127.2625 -42.52 -34.56 38 307.2625 -50.17 -42.22 16 133.2625 -42.92 -34.96 39 313.2625 -50.34 -42.38 17 139.2500 -43.30 -35.34 40 319.2625 -50.51 -42.55 18 145.2500 -43.67 -35.71 41 325.2625 -50.67 -42.71 19 151.2500 -44.02 -36.06 42 331.2625 -50.83 -42.87 20 157.2500 -44.36 -36.40 43 337.2625 -50.98 -43.02 21 163.2500 -44.68 -36.72 44 343.2625 -51.14 -43.18 22 169.2500 -44.99 -37.04 45 349.2625 -51.29 -43.33 7 175.2500 -45.30 -37.34 46 355.2625 -51.43 -43.48 8 181.2500 -45.59 -37.63 47 361.2625 -51.58 -43.62 10 9 187.2500 -45.87 -37.91 48 367.2625 -51.72 -43.76 10 193.2500 -46.15 -38.19 49 373.2625 -51.86 -43.91 3 11 199.2500 -46.41 -38.45 50 379.2625 -52.00 -44.04 12 205.2500 -46.67 -38.71 51 385.2625 -52.14 -44.18 13 211.2500 -46.92 -38.96 52 391.2625 -52.27 -44.31 23 217.2500 -47.16 -39.20 53 397.2625 -52.41 -44.45 24 223.2500 -47.40 -39.44 54 403.2500 -52.54 -44.58 MAXIMUM LEAKAGE LEVELS Ch# Visual 20 µV/M 50 µV/m Ch# Visual 20 µV/M 50 µV/m Carrier (dBmV) (dBmV) Carrier (dBmV) (dBmV) 55 409.2500 -52.66 -44.70 87 601.2500 -56.00 -48.05 56 415.2500 -52.79 -44.83 88 607.2500 -56.09 -48.13 57 421.2500 -52.91 -44.96 89 613.2500 -56.18 -48.22 58 427.2500 -53.04 -45.08 90 619.2500 -56.26 -48.30 59 433.2500 -53.16 -45.20 91 625.2500 -56.34 -48.39 60 439.2500 -53.28 -45.32 92 631.2500 -56.43 -48.47 61 445.2500 -53.40 -45.44 93 637.2500 -56.51 -48.55 62 451.2500 -53.51 -45.55 94 643.2500 -56.59 -48.63 63 457.2500 -53.63 -45.67 100 649.2500 -56.67 -48.71 64 463.2500 -53.74 -45.78 101 655.2500 -56.75 -48.79 65 469.2500 -53.85 -45.89 102 661.2500 -56.83 -48.87 66 475.2500 -53.96 -46.00 103 667.2500 -56.91 -48.95 67 481.2500 -54.07 -46.11 104 673.2500 -56.99 -49.03 68 487.2500 -54.18 -46.22 105 679.2500 -57.06 -49.11 69 493.2500 -54.29 -46.33 106 685.2500 -57.14 -49.18 70 499.2500 -54.39 -46.43 107 691.2500 -57.22 -49.26 71 505.2500 -54.49 -46.54 108 697.2500 -57.29 -49.33 72 511.2500 -54.60 -46.64 109 703.2500 -57.37 -49.41 73 517.2500 -54.70 -46.74 110 709.2500 -57.44 -49.48 74 523.2500 -54.80 -46.84 111 715.2500 -57.51 -49.55 75 529.2500 -54.90 -46.94 112 721.2500 -57.59 -49.63 76 535.2500 -54.99 -47.04 113 727.2500 -57.66 -49.70 77 541.2500 -55.09 -47.13 114 733.2500 -57.73 -49.77 78 547.2500 -55.19 -47.23 115 739.2500 -57.80 -49.84 79 553.2500 -55.28 -47.32 116 745.2500 -57.87 -49.91 80 559.2500 -55.38 -47.42 117 751.2500 -57.94 -49.98 10 81 565.2500 -55.47 -47.51 118 757.2500 -58.01 -50.05 82 571.2500 -55.56 -47.60 119 763.2500 -58.08 -50.12 4 83 577.2500 -55.65 -47.69 120 769.2500 -58.15 -50.19 84 583.2500 -55.74 -47.78 121 775.2500 -58.21 -50.25 85 589.2500 -55.83 -47.87 122 781.2500 -58.28 -50.32 86 595.2500 -55.92 -47.96 123 787.2500 -58.35 -50.39 MAXIMUM LEAKAGE LEVELS Ch# Visual 20 µV/m 50 µV/m Ch# Visual 20 µV/M 50 µV/m Carrier (dBmV) (dBmV) Carrier (dBmV) (dBmV) 124 793.2500 -58.41 -50.45 142 901.2500 -59.52 -51.56 125 799.2500 -58.48 -50.52 143 907.2500 -59.58 -51.62 126 805.2500 -58.54 -50.58 144 913.2500 -59.64 -51.68 127 811.2500 -58.61 -50.65 145 919.2500 -51.73 -51.73 128 817.2500 -58.67 -50.71 146 925.2500 -59.75 -51.79 129 823.2500 -58.73 -50.78 147 931.2500 -59.81 -51.85 130 829.2500 -58.80 -50.84 148 937.2500 -59.86 -51.90 131 835.2500 -58.86 -50.90 149 943.2500 -59.92 -51.96 132 841.2500 -58.92 -50.96 150 949.2500 -59.97 -52.01 133 847.2500 -58.98 -51.03 151 955.2500 -60.03 -52.07 134 853.2500 -59.05 -51.09 152 961.2500 -60.08 -52.12 135 859.2500 -59.11 -51.15 153 967.2500 -60.13 -52.18 136 865.2500 -59.17 -51.21 154 973.2500 -60.19 -52.23 137 871.2500 -59.23 -51.27 155 979.2500 -60.24 -52.28 138 877.2500 -59.29 -51.33 156 985.2500 -60.29 -52.34 139 883.2500 -59.35 -51.39 157 991.2500 -60.35 -52.39 140 889.2500 -59.40 -51.45 158 997.2500 -60.40 -52.44 141 895.2500 -59.46 -51.50 Determine the maximum leakage levels by using the following equation:

E L = 20log 21Ä 10 where: 5 L = Maximum leakage level (dBmV) E = Voltage Ä = Visual Carrier Frequency (MHz) HIGHLIGHTS OF FCC RULES & REGULATIONS PART 76 !

This section is a summary of FCC specifications that CATV systems are required to meet. This section was created so technicians and engi- neers could have a ready reference at their fingertips. All specifications in this handbook were taken from Title 47 Telecommunications, part 76.605 from the FCC. It spells out the rule, standard, number of channels to be tested, frequency of testing, and equipment needed to perform each test. The intention of this section is to summarize FCC specifications it is not intended to replace them. Consult the current editions of all specifica- tions and regulations for complete and detailed requirements.

10

6 AERONAUTICAL OPERATIONAL REQUIREMENTS Frequency Offsets All carrier signals or signal components carried at an average power level equal to or greater than 10 -4 watts in a 25 kHz bandwidth in any 160 microseconds period must operate at frequencies offset from cer- tain frequencies which may be used by aeronautical radio services operated by FCC licensees or by the United States Government or its Agencies. The following table summarizes the frequency offset requirements. Frequency Offsets Frequency Band(Standard and IRC Offset Tolerance 118-137, 225-325.6 and 335.4-400 MHz 12.5 kHz ±5 kHz 108-118 and 328.6-335.4 MHz 25.0 kHz ±5kHz

For Harmonically Related Carrier (HRC) systems, the fundamental fre- quency from which the visual carrier frequencies are derived should be a multiple of 6.0003 MHz ±1 Hz.

10

7

http://www.fcc.gov/Bureaus/Cable/WWW/aeronaut.html AERONAUTICAL FREQUENCY NOTIFICATIONS Cable operators planning to use the frequencies in the communications and navigational frequency bands must notify the FCC prior to the activation of these frequencies. The aeronautical operational require- ments in the aeronautical bands are contained in 47 CFR Sections 76.610-76.616. Each notification shall include an FCC Form 159. ❏ Legal name and local address of the cable television operator; ❏ The names and FCC identifiers (e.g. CA0001) of the system communities affected; ❏ The names and telephone numbers of local system officials who are responsible for compliance with 76.610, 76.611, and 76.612 through 76.616 of the rules; ❏ Carrier and subcarrier frequencies and tolerance, type of modulation and the maximum average power levels of all carriers and subcarriers occurring at any location in the cable distribution system; ❏ The geographical coordinates of a point near the center of the cable system, together with the distance (in kilometers) from the designated point to the most remote point of the cable plant, existing or planned, which defines a circle enclosing the entire cable plant; ❏ A description of the routine monitoring procedure to be used; ❏ The cumulative leakage index derived under 76.611 (a)(1) or the 10 results of airspace measurements derived under 76.611 (a)(2), including a description of the method by which compliance with the 8 basic signal leakage criteria is achieved and the method of calibrating the measurement equipment. Use FCC Form 320 to submit the results. HIGHLIGHTS OF FCC RULES & REGULATIONS PART 76

Visual carrier center frequency See charts in Section 5 (pages 5.1, 5.2, & 5.3). Tolerance: aeronautical channels ± 5 KHz indicated by asterisk. For all other channels no spe- cific tolerance indicated by FCC. Good engineering practice ± 10 KHz for non broadcast. Local VHF broadcasts carried “on channel” should be zero frequency tolerance. See option 14 Section 1, page 1.8.

Rule 76.605 (a)(2) Aural carrier center frequency Standard 4.5 MHz 5 kHz at subscriber terminal & out put of modulating or processing equipment Number Of Channels 4 channels minimum, plus 1 channel for every 100 MHz or fractional increase: 5 Channels/54-216 MHz 6 Channels/54-300 MHz 7 Channels/54-400 MHz 8 Channels/54-500 MHz Frequency Of Testing Two times per year Type Of Equipment Spectrum analyzer, frequency counter, or automated testing system

Rule 76.605 (a)(3) Minimum visual carrier level Standard 0 dBmV at subscriber terminal and 10 3.0 dBmV at end of 100 ft. drop cable connected to tap 9 Number Of Channels All NTSC or similar video channels Frequency Of Testing Two times per year Type Of Equipment SLM system analyzer, spectrum analyzer, or automated test system HIGHLIGHTS OF FCC RULES AND REGULATIONS PART 76

Rule 76.605 (a)(4) Visual carrier level 24 hour variation Standard Not to vary more than 8 dB within any six month interval (measured before the converter) Number Of Channels All NTSC or similar video channels Frequency Of Testing In July / August and January / February, 1 test each channel every 6 hours for each 24 hour test Type Of Equipment SLM, system analyzer, spectrum analyzer, or automated test system

Rule 76.605 (a)(4)(i) Maximum signal level of adjacent channel Standard Within 3 dB of any visual carrier within 6 MHz Number Of Channels All NTSC or similar video channels Frequency Of Testing In July / August and January / February, 1 test each channel every 6 hours for each 24 hour test 10 Type Of Equipment SLM system analyzer, spectrum analyzer, or automated test system 10 HIGHLIGHTS OF FCC RULES AND REGULATIONS PART 76

Rule 76.605 (a) (4) (ii) Minimum/maximum bandwidth visual carrier level Standard Within 10 dB of the visual signal on any other channel on a cable system of up to 300 MHz. A 1 dB increase in level separation for each additional 100 MHz of bandwidth 11 dB for a 400 MHz System 12 dB for a 500 MHz System 13 dB for a 600 MHz System Number Of Channels All NTSC or similar video channels Frequency Of Testing In July / August and January / February, 1 test each channel every 6 hours for each 24 hour test Type Of Equipment SLM, system analyzer, spectrum analyzer, or automated test system

Rule 76.605 (a) (4) (iii) Maximum visual carrier level Standard A maximum level that will not overload the 10 subscribers terminal or receiver Number Of Channels All NTSC or similar video channels 11 Frequency Of Testing Two times per year Type Of Equipment SLM, system analyzer, spectrum analyzer, or automated test system HIGHLIGHTS OF FCC RULES & REGULATIONS PART 76

Rule 76.605 (a)(5) Aural carrier level Standard 10 dB to 17 dB below the associated visual signal level. Baseband converter: 6.5 dB to 17 dB below the associated visual-signal level Number Of Channels All NTSC or similar video channels Frequency Of Testing Two times per year Type Of Equipment SLM system analyzer, spectrum analyzer, or automated test system

Rule 76.605 (a)(6) Amplitude characteristic of a single CATV channel

Standard ± 2 dB from -0.75 MHz to 5.0 MHz from the channels bottom boundary at tap and before converter (prior to Dec. 30, 1999) above lower boundary frequency of CATV channel (referenced to average of the highest and lowest amplitudes) Number Of Channels 4 channels minimum, plus 1 channel for every 100 MHz or fractional increase: 5 Channels/54-216 MHz 6 Channels/54-300 MHz 10 7 Channels/54-400 MHz 8 Channels/54-500 MHz 12 Frequency Of Testing Two times per year Type Of Equipment Sweep transmitter/receiver, spectrum analyzer, or automated test system HIGHLIGHTS OF FCC RULES & REGULATIONS PART 76

Rule 76.605 (a)(7)(ii) Carrier to noise (C/N) 76.605 (a)(7)(iii) Carrier to noise (C/N) Standard Carrier to noise shall not be less than: 1) 40 dB (June 30,1993-June 30, 1995) 2) 43 dB (As of July 1,1995) Number Of Channels 4 channels minimum, + 1 channel for every 100 MHz or fractional increase: 5 Channels/54-216 MHz 6 Channels/54-300 MHz 7 Channels/54-400 MHz 8 Channels/54-500 MHz Frequency Of Testing Two times per year Type Of Equipment SLM system analyzer, spectrum analyzer, or automated test system

Rule 76.605 (a)(8)(i) Visual signal-to-coherent beats Standard Not less than 51 dB for non-coherent (standard) CATV systems Or not less than 47 dB for coherent (HRC/IRC) CATV systems Number Of Channels 4 channels minimum, plus 1 channel for every 100 MHz or fractional increase: 5 Channels/54-216 MHz 10 6 Channels/54-300 MHz 7 Channels/54-400 MHz 13 8 Channels/54-500 MHz Frequency Of Testing Two times per year Type Of Equipment SLM system analyzer, spectrum analyzer, or automated test system HIGHLIGHTS OF FCC RULES & REGULATIONS PART 76

Rule 76.605 (a)(9)(i)(ii) Terminal isolation Standard Not less than 18 dB (manufacturer’s specification) and sufficient to prevent subscriber-caused terminal reflections Number Of Channels 4 channel minimum, plus 1 channel for every 100 MHz or fractional increase: 5 Channels/54-216 MHz 6 Channels/54-300 MHz 7 Channels/54-400 MHz 8 Channels/54-500 MHz Frequency Of Testing Two times per year Type Of Equipment Manufacturer’s specifications

Rule 76.605 (a)(10) Hum Standard Not to exceed 3% of visual signal level Number Of Channels Only on a single channel with a single unmodulated carrier Frequency Of Testing Two times per year Testing Type Of Equipment SLM system analyzer, spectrum analyzer, or automated test system 10

14 HIGHLIGHTS OF FCC RULES & REGULATIONS PART 76

Rule 76.605 (a)(11)(i) Chrominance luminance delay Standard ± 170 ns Number Of Channels 4 channels minimum, plus 1 channel for every 100 MHz or fractional increase: 5 Channels/54-216 MHz 6 Channels/54-300 MHz 7 Channels/54-400 MHz 8 Channels/54-500 MHz Frequency Of Testing once every 3 years Testing Type Of Equipment Vectorscope, waveform monitor, or automated test system

Rule 76.605 (a)(11)(ii) Differential gain Standard Not to exceed ± 20% Number Of Channels 4 channels minimum, plus 1 channel for every 100 MHz or fractional increase 5 Channels/54-216 MHz 6 Channels/54-300 MHz 7 Channels/54-400 MHz 8 Channels/54-500 MHz 10 Frequency Of Testing once every 3 years Testing 15 Type Of Equipment Vectorscope, waveform monitor, or automated test system HIGHLIGHTS OF FCC RULES & REGULATIONS PART 76

Rule 76.605 (a)(11)(iii) Differential phase Standard Not to exceed ± 10 degrees Number Of Channels 4 channels minimum, plus 1 channel for every 100 MHz or fractional increase: 5 Channels/54-216 MHz 6 Channels/54-300 MHz 7 Channels/54-400 MHz 8 Channels/54-500 MHz Frequency Of Testing once every 3 years Type Of Equipment Vectorscope, waveform monitor, or automated test system

Rule 76.605 (a)(12) RF signal leakage Standard < 54 MHz = 15 mV/m @ 30 m 54-216 MHz = 20 mV/m @ 3 m >216 MHz = 15mV/m @30m Number Of Channels 4 channels minimum, plus 1 channel for every 100 MHz or fractional increase: 5 Channels/54-216 MHz 6 Channels/54-300 MHz 7 Channels/54-400 MHz 10 Frequency Of Testing Two times per year 16 Type Of Equipment SLM, system analyzer, or spectrum analyzer and dipole, leakage field strength meter BROADBAND COMMUNICATION DESIGN & PERFORMANCE STANDARDS Parameter IEEE 802.7 MAP FCC C/L Delay ± 170 ns Differential Gain ± 20% Differential Phase ± 10 degrees Headend Input Level- Outbound +54 dBmV +54 dBmV User Outlet Level- +10 dBmV ≥0 dBmV & Outbound ≥3.0 dBmV @ 100’ Drop User Input Level- Inbound +54 dBmV +54 dBmV Path Loss - Outbound 44 ± 5 dB 44 ± 3 dB Design Accept 44 ± 6 dB Oper. Path Loss- Inbound 44 ± 5 dB Same as Outbound CNR - Outbound 43 dB 43 dB 43 dB CNR - Inbound 41 dB 40 dB CTB - Outbound 53 dB 51 dB (47 dB HRC) CTB - Inbound 53 dB CSO - Outbound 51 dB (47 dB HRC) 3 IM - Outbound 78 dB 60 dB @66 51 dB dBmV Input (47 dB HRC) 3 IM - Inbound 78 dB 60 dB @66 dBmV Input 10 2 IM - Outbound 60 dB 60 dB 51 dB (47 dB HRC) 17 2 IM - Inbound 60 dB 60 dB X-MOD; Outbound 53 dB X-MOD - Inbound 53 dB Hum Distortion 2% 1.5% (37 dB) 3% (Incidental Modulation) BROADBAND COMMUNICATION DESIGN & PERFORMANCE STANDARDS Parameter IEEE 802.7 MAP FCC Signal Leakage 76.605(a)12 54 MHz 15 µV/m @ 54 to216 MHz 30m same same >216 MHz 20 µV/m @ 3 m 15 µV/m @ 30 m Frequency Response- Peak to Valley 0.17 dB 1 MHz 1.0 dB 1.5 dB ± 2 dB 6 MHz 1.5 dB 2.0 dB 12 MHz 2.0 dB 2.0 dB 18 MHz ≤ 3.0 dB between adjac. carriers Entire inbound or outbound ≤ 3 dB or ≤10 dB/300 MHz frequency range N/1 0 + 1.5 dB ≤11 dB/400 MHz ≤12 dB/500 MHz etc. Return Loss 16 dB Amplifiers/Passives 16 dB Semi-rigid coaxial cable reel 30 dB Semi-rigid coaxial cable 26 dB installed 26 dB Flexible coaxial cable, reel 26 dB Flexible coaxial cable, installed Isolation Outlet to Outlet 25 dB 25 dB 18 dB 10 @ > 10 MHz 18 WAVELENGTH & ANTENNAS 1. Vertical antenna separation Antennas for different frequencies mounted on a common mast should be separated by at least the length of the longest element of the largest antenna. 2. Wavelength in λ (in) = 11,811 inches is given by: F (MHz)

3. Approximate length of a quarter wave whip antenna in inches is given by: λ 2775 λ = Wavelength = F = Frequency, MHz 4 F

4. Distance to the horizon is given by: Optical D = 1.23 H Radio D = 1.41 H

Assume smooth earth D = Distance, statute miles H = Height, feet 5. Maximum Line of Sight is Given by: Optical D = 1.51H TR + 1.51H

Radio D = 2H TR + 2H

6. Radio Frequency Propagation 11 In free space, it is approximately 186,000 mi/sec or 982 ft/msec. 1 Multiply by the velocity of propagation to determine the distance in coaxial cable. DIPOLE ANTENNA EQUATIONS Shown below is a typical half-wave dipole antenna. The radiation pattern of a Hertz dipole antenna is perpendicular to the axis of the antenna. In directions other than the optimum directions, the antenna is ineffective. λ L

To calculate the wavelength of a signal, λ or the dipole length, L, or the frequency, f, of a half-wave dipole antenna, use the following three formulas: λ = kc f

λ L = f = kc 2 λ where: λ = Wavelength (m) k = Velocity Factor c = Speed of light = 3 x 108 (m/s) 11 f = Frequency (Hz) L = Length of the Dipole (m) 2 MULTIPLEXERS

Passed Rejected Rejected Passed

Low Pass Filter High Pass Filter

BTY-LP-BB & BTY-UHF-BB

VHF UHF 2 7 4 9 MUVF 5 11 13 LB HB

MXF Base & Filters MLHF

MUVF MLHF VHF UHF HB LB VU HL

VHF & UHF HB & LB

DSV L-Band Low High Low High 5-30 MHz 54-860 MHz 5-806 MHz 956-2150 MHz 11 LH LH

3 Combined Combined 5-860 MHz 5-2150 MHz ANTENNA - GENERAL INFORMATION Factors Which Determine The Quality Of Reception: A) Distance to transmitter B) Height of transmitting antenna C) Transmitter power D) Transmitter frequency (TV channel) E) Type of receiving antenna F) Height of receiving antenna G) Terrain between the transmitter and receiving antenna H) Obstacles between the transmitter and receiving antenna (tall buildings, water tower, etc.) Major Characteristics: Gain: Indicates the amount of received signal level increase as compared to reference antenna. (usually a resonant dipole) Bandwidth: The range of frequencies (TV channels) over which the antenna is designed to operate. In principle, there are two types of antennas: 1) Broadband 2) Single-Channel Impedance: Home type antennas are usually 300 OHMs and commercial antennas are usually 75 OHMs. Pattern: Generally consists of two components, beam width and front to back ratio. Refer to diagram. -3 dB

BEAM WIDTH

11

B A 4 FRONT TO BACK RATIO = A - B ANTENNA STACKING Methods to Increase Received Signal Level

VERTICAL HORIZONTAL

B X X

C

B = 2/3 C = 1

QUAD ARRAY

0.8

0.8

DIAMOND ARRAY

1.6

1.6 11

5 NOTE: Refer to ANTENNA SPACING chart for dimensions ANTENNA SPACING Mounting Channelized Antennas on the Same Mast

VERTICAL HORIZONTAL

D

D

D = Min. 1/2 of lower channel D = .12 min. of lower channel Optimum is 2/3 of lower channel

TOWER MOUNTING

B/2

B

B/2

A

11

6 NOTE: Refer to ANTENNA SPACING chart for dimensions ANTENNA SPACING CHART

Dimension Notes: Channel A B C D A) The minimum No. 2/3 λ 1 λ 1/2 λ horizontal 2 113 138 208 104 spacing 3 101 125 188 94 between 4 91 115 172 86 5 78 100 150 75 the tower 6 72 93 139 70 structure and FM 72 80 120 60 the antenna 740446733 crossbar. 839436532 937426231 B) The 10 36 40 61 30 recommended 11 35 39 59 29 vertical spacing 12 34 38 57 29 for a gain 13 34 37 55 28 of 3 dB. Dimensions are in inches B/2)The minimum vertical spacing between the antenna crossbar and adjacent mechanical structures. C) The recommended horizontal spacing for a gain of 3 dB. D) The minimum spacing between antennas of different channels and is the figure given for the antenna with the lowest frequency Formulae: One Wavelength in space ...... λ (inches) = 11811 Freq. in MHz One Wavelength in 75 Ohm coax (solid) . . .λ (inches) = 7783 Freq. in MHz One Wavelength in 75 Ohm coax (foam) . . .λ (inches) = 9565 11 Freq. in MHz Antenna Nulling (finding H) ...... d (λ) =1 7 2 sin φ ANTENNA PHASING Chart No. II Signal Nulling φ° λ(inches)

UNDESIRED 2 208 DESIRED 3 188 0 4 172 5 150 6 139 X X FM 120 767 865 962 10 61 H 11 59 12 57 13 55

DESIRED Chart No. III UNDESIRED φ°d(λ) φ°d(λ) 5 5.733 50 0.653 0 10 2.88 55 0.610 15 1.931 60 0.577 20 1.462 65 0.551 25 1.183 70 0.532 30 1.000 75 0.517 35 0.871 80 0.507 40 0.777 85 0.502 45 0.707 90 0.500 Instructions: 1. Determine angle “φ“ using a field strength meter, compass, and a single channel antenna. 2. Locate angle “φ“ in chart No. III and determine d(λ); multiply λ(inches) in chart No. II to find the spacing of “H”. 3. Both antennas must be identical, facing in the same direction, in the same horizontal plane and both be right side up. 11 4. For angles not listed, d(λ) = 1 8 2 sin (φ) PRE-AMP NOISE FIGURE VS CARRIER TO NOISE (4 MHz BW) Input Signal Noise Figure (dB) Level 2 3 45678910 -30 27 26 25 24 23 22 21 20 19 -29 28 27 26 25 24 23 22 21 20 TASO -28 29 28 27 26 25 24 23 22 21 (TELEVISION -27 30 29 28 27 26 25 24 23 22 -26 31 30 29 28 27 26 25 24 23 ALLOCATION -25 32 31 30 29 28 27 26 25 24 STUDY -24 33 32 31 30 29 28 27 26 25 -23 34 33 32 31 30 29 28 27 26 ORGANIZATION) -22 35 34 33 32 31 30 29 28 27 GRADES -21 36 35 34 33 32 31 30 29 28 -20 37 36 35 34 33 32 31 30 29 -19 38 37 36 35 34 33 32 31 30 EXCELLENT 46 DB -18 39 38 37 36 35 34 33 32 31 -17 40 39 38 37 36 35 34 33 32 FINE 36 DB -16 41 40 39 38 37 36 35 34 33 -15 42 41 40 39 38 37 36 35 34 PASSABLE 30 DB -14 43 42 41 40 39 38 37 36 35 MARGINAL 25 DB -13 4 43 42 41 40 39 38 37 36 -12 45 44 43 42 41 40 39 38 37 INFERIOR 19 DB -11 46 45 44 43 42 41 40 39 38 -10 47 46 45 44 43 42 41 40 39 -9 48 47 46 45 44 43 42 41 40 -8 49 48 47 46 45 44 43 42 41 A SNR OF 36 DB -7 50 49 48 47 46 45 44 43 42 -6 51 50 49 48 47 46 45 44 43 MEANS A FINE -5 52 51 50 49 48 47 46 45 44 PICTURE TO AN -4 53 52 51 50 49 48 47 46 45 -3 54 53 52 51 50 49 48 47 46 AVERAGE VIEWER, -2 55 54 53 52 51 50 49 48 47 -1 56 55 54 53 52 51 50 49 48 0 575655545352515049 A 30 dB 1 585756555453525150 2 595857565554535251 RATIO MEANS A 3 60 59 58 57 56 55 54 53 52 PASSABLE PICTURE 4 616059585756555453 5 62 61 60 59 58 57 56 55 54 AND SO ON. 6 63626160595857 5655 11 7 646362616059585756 8 656463626160595857 9 9 666564636261605958 10 67 66 65 64 63 62 61 60 59 Contact List CORPORATE OFFICE: One Jake Brown Rd., Old Bridge, NJ 08857 TEL: 732-679-4000 • TEL: 800-523-6049 FAX: 732-679-4353 • WEB: www.blondertongue.com DIRECTOR OF INTERNATIONAL SALES Eric Patterson 4670 NW 97th Place, Miami, FL 33178 TEL.: 305-856-3842 FAX: 305-856-4681 e-mail: [email protected] DISTRIBUTOR SALES MANAGER Edward Curreri 9435 Galecrest Dr., Cincinnati, OH 45231 TEL: 513-931-0324 • FAX: 513-931-2265 e-mail: [email protected] INSIDE SALES MANAGER Lynne Russo - Home Office TEL: 800-523-6049 x 4261 e-mail: [email protected] EASTERN REGIONAL SALES MANAGER Bob Portmess 5563 Sunfish Bay Circle, P.O. Box 374, Tully, NY 13159 TEL: 315-696-6150 FAX: 315-696-6160 [email protected] EASTERN REGION INSIDE SALES Marc Lassman - Home Office TEL: 800-523-6049 x 4374 e-mail: [email protected]

12

1 Contact List CENTRAL REGIONAL SALES MANAGER Bob Peterson 3555 Layton Ave, Cudahy, WI 53110 TEL: 414-744-4300 • FAX: 414-744-4200 e-mail: [email protected] CENTRAL REGION INSIDE SALES Tom Lowden - Home Office TEL: 800-523-6049 x 4375 e-mail: [email protected] WESTERN REGIONAL SALES MANAGER Chuck Fitzer 4705 Della Robbia Court Fair Oaks, CA 95628 TEL: 916-863-6238 • FAX: 916-863-6239 e-mail: [email protected] WESTERN REGION INSIDE SALES Nicole Ellis TEL: 800-523-6049 x 4376 e-mail: [email protected] MARKETING MANAGER Emily Nikoo - Home Office TEL: 800-523-6049 x 4213 e-mail: [email protected] PRODUCT MANAGERS Cliff Fox - Home Office Headend TEL: 800-523-6049 x 4209 Data & Telephony over Cable e-mail: [email protected] 18 GHz John Zirkel - Home Office Interdiction TEL: 800-523-6049 x 4269 Test e-mail: [email protected] Jerry Budge - Home Office Fiber 12 TEL: 800-523-6049 x 4372 L-Band e-mail: [email protected] Distribution 2 Contact List

TECHNICAL SUPPORT MANAGER (SYSTEM ENGINEERING) Steve Hegge - Home Office TEL: 800-523-6049 x 4358 e-mail: [email protected] SYSTEM ENGINEERING Ken Kovach - Home Office TEL: 800-523-6049 x 4305 e-mail: [email protected] Jerry Nekrasz- Home Office TEL: 800-523-6049 x 4264 e-mail: [email protected] Wes Waite - Home Office TEL: 800-523-6049 x 4266 e-mail: [email protected]

©2001 Blonder Tongue Laboratories, Inc. All Rights Reserved. Specifications are subject to change without notice. VideoMask is a trademark of Blonder Tongue Laboratories, Inc. DISH Network is a trademark of Echostar Communications Corporation. DirecTV and DirecPC are trademarks of Hughes Network Systems, Inc. DigiCipher is a trademark of Motorola Corporation. All other Trademarks are the property of their respective owners. 12 3 CATV REFERENCE GUIDE UPDATE Just fill out this card to receive updates to the CATV reference guide

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