The American Legion [Volume 128, No. 6 (June 1990)]

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The Magazine for a Strong America Vol. 128, No. 6 June 1990 ARTICLES KILLER BEES TheAfrican bee threatens lives and the U.S. beekeeping industry. By Dakota Livesay 14 WASHINGTON'S DIRTY, LITTLE SECRET

The Social Security trust masks the nation's deficit. By William Ecenbarger 18

IS YOUR PENSION SAFE? The "golden years"for some may not be so golden. 20 A TOUGH ROWTO HOE BUT IMPROVING An interview with Agriculture Secretary Clayton Yeutter. 22 THE PENTAGON'S PERESTROIKA U. S. defenses may have to be restructured in the 1990s. By Timothy Stanley 24 CAREER CHANGE FOR CASTRO?

Cuba's boss is an island in the communist world. By Dr. TimothyAshby 26 THE SILENT SENTINELS • ** mm GIs buried atNormandygave us more than their lives. ByCapt.RickWaddell 28 A VICTORY NOT TO BE FORGOTTEN The legacy ofthe Korean War on its 40th anniversary. By Gen. Richard G. Stilwell 30 a ... STAND BY OUR FLAG ASSAULT ON OLD GLORY The Legion responds to a controversial Supreme Court ruling. F-3

A VOICE OF REASON AND CLARITY IN AMERICA A Supreme CourtJustice dissentsfrom the majority. F-8 22 HOW CONGRESS STOLE THE FLAG AMENDMENT An insider details congressional shenanigans. By Rep. Charles Douglas F-1D A BEDROCK PRINCIPLE OF FREE SPEECH An eminentjurist dismisses the "slippery slope" argument. By Robert H.Bork F-11 THE LEGION CHALLENGE A call to action in the questfor aflag-protection amendment. F-15 DEPARTMENTS

LETTERS 4 VETERANS UPDATE 31 VETERANS ALERT 38

COMMANDER'S MESSAGE 8 YOUR AMERICAN LEGION 32 PARTING SHOTS 60

BIG ISSUES 12 LEGION NEWS 34

COVER NestEgg. Illustration by Bill Cigliano.

The American Legion Magazine, a leader among national general-interest publications, is published monthly by The American Legion for its 3 million members. These military-service veterans, working through 16,000 community-level posts, dedicate themselves to God and country and traditional Amer- ican values; strong national security; adequate and compassionate care for veterans, their widows and orphans; community service; and the wholesome development of our nation's youths.

JUNE 1990 1 2

America's Most Loved "Songs of Faith!" Tennessee TENNESSEE 1 ERNIE FORD FOR GOD AND COUNTRY Ernie Editorial Offices

700 N. Pennsylvania St. Sings P.O. Box 1055 22 Indianapolis, IN 46206 Favorite 317-635-8411 Hymns. Ford Miles S. Epling National Commander Now in one stirring, double-length collection of the great sacred songs comes the rich baritone voice of Daniel S. Wheeler Tennessee Ernie Ford to touch you and your family in a very Publisher/Editor-in-Chief 22 Ail-Time Favorite Hymns on special way. Tennessee Ernie brings his own deep faith to these all- Records, Tape and Compact Disc time favorites and sings them more beautifully than you have ever Joe Stuteville heard them before. Managing Editor OLD TIME RELIGION • MY FAITH You get such wonderful songs of faith and inspiration as THE LOOKS UP TO THEE • WHAT A Raymond H. Mahon OLD RUGGED CROSS ... HOW GREAT THOU ART ... FRIEND WE HAVE IN JESUS • Associate Editor ABIDE WITH ME ... OLD TIME RELIGION ... 22 in all! It is BRINGING IN THE SHEAVES • truly a soul-stirring collection sung by Tennessee Ernie Ford, with T. Douglas Donaldson JUST AS I AM, WITHOUT ONE special meaning for all of us - those great hymns and songs to give Assistant Editor PLEA • THE OLD RUGGED you hope and strength each day of your life. CROSS • HIS EYE IS ON THE Ken Scharnberg "A collection for you and yours to treasure forever!" Assistant Editor SPARROW • JESUS, KEEP ME NEAR THE CROSS • I LOVE TO [plus a FREE GIFT ... yours tor sending us your order within 30 days! Anthony Miller TELL THE STORY • BLEST BE NO-RISK COUPON Assistant Editor THE TIE THAT BINDS • NEARER /THTHE GOOD MUSIC RECORD CO., Dept. TN-02-60 Simon Smith MY GOD TO THEE • HOLY. 352 Evelyn Street, P.O. Box 909, Paramus, NJ 07653-0909 | Art Director • I HOLY, HOLY NEED THEE YES, riease rush the TENNESSEE ERNIE FORD COLLECTION for me to pre- • EVERY HOUR THE CHURCH IN view for 30 days without obligation. I understand that I may return the albums William L. Poff THE WILDWOOD • SWEET for any reason whatsoever and receive a full refund. Make check or money Production Manager order payable to Good Music Record Company. (NY & NJ res. add sales tax.) HOUR OF PRAYER • WHERE Send Record Albums Send Cassette Tape Send Compact Disc COULD I GO (BUT TO THE Advertising Director $12.98 $12.98 $14.98 LORD) • GREAT THOU ART HOW (Enclose $1 .50 for mailing and handling per item.) Donald B.Thomson • ABIDE WITH ME • SHALL WE CHARGE IT! VISA MASTERCARD The American Legion Magazine GATHER AT THE RIVER • P.O. Acer No. Exp. Date Box 7068 ALMOST PERSUADED • IN THE Indianapolis, IN 46207 Name GARDEN • WONDROUS LOVE 317-635-8411 Address NOT IN STORES Publisher's Representatives MAIL COUPON TODAY A: ® Good Music Record Co . Inc -J Fox Associates, Inc. Chicago: 31 2-644-3888 Their Funniest Radio Shows Ever Broadcast!} New York: 212-725-2106 Los Angeles: 213-487-5630 Detroit, Ml: 313-543-0068 Atlanta: 404-252-0968 Amos 'n Andy San Francisco: 41 5-989-5804 London: 01 -385 881 16 Famous Original Radio Broadcasts The American Legion On 4 Long-Play Cassettes Or 3 Compact Discs! Magazine Commission Milford A. Forrester, Chairman, Greenville, SC; U.S. Supreme Court Rules In Your Favor To Make J.H. Morris, Vice Chairman, Baton Rouge, LA; These Shows Available For First Time Ever! James R. Kelley, National Commander's Rep- resentative, Wayne, PA; George F. Ballard, The Amos 'n Andy Radio Show was the most listened-to show in the history of radio! Belleville, IL; J. Leslie Brown Jr., Louisville, KY; And now. thanks to a history- making U.S. Supreme Court ruling, all of their most classic pre- Joseph Chase, Hatboro, PA; Richard J. Cherry, World-War II broadcasts can finally be heard again. In this first-time-ever available col- Toledo, OH; Donald Conn, South Bend, IN; lection you get 16 original Amos 'n Andy radio shows, considered by many to be the James W. Conway, Charlestown, MA; Lincoln funniest ever to hit the airwaves. Cox, Kirby, WV; Orval E. Faubus, Conway, AR;

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Help Needed prominent anti- Vietnam War senators in the United States today talks about also treated Rowe disgracefully civil defense as it relates to nuclear war I urge all veterans to ask their con- because he publicly denounced their because no such protection is feasible. gressmen to support S.B. 982 and H.R. anti-war activism, which had caused We should channel our money into solu-

2295 . Lawmakers must be made aware him much grief while he was a prisoner tions that will work to prevent a nuclear that the list of diseases included in P.L. in South Vietnamese jungles. holocaust, such as the Strategic 100-321, the Radiation-exposed Veter- Ray H.Smith Defense Initiative. ans' Compensation Act, is incomplete Anderson, S.C. A national general-interest magazine and the time limitation for conditions to such as The American Legion surface — within 30 years of expo- Seldom have I read so much truth in Magazine should print opposing sure — is too short. I hope veterans so few words. Col. Nick Rowe was, views when publishing such controver- join me in this campaign to receive indeed, a symbol of American patri- sial articles as this one. adequate care for ourselves, our chil- otism in its truest form. I won't detract George Mace dren and our grandchildren. Many of us from the respect I feel for this hero by Waynesboro, Pa. suffer from health problems related to mentioning the name of that other ionizing radiation, but our government fellow. May the mournful notes of Anzio has refused to acknowledge our prob- "Taps" be the swan song to all of those I am bitterly disappointed that the lems. who served honorably. author of "Battle Report: Anzio" Kenneth Kendall James C. Emanuel (March) neglected to mention our 95th Portage, Ind. Pineville, La. Evacuation Hospital that was bombed by the Germans at Anzio. The doctors Col. Rowe The only comparison between Abbie and nurses and medics did a fantastic His book was on the shelf gathering Hoffman and Col. Nick Rowe would job under the worst conditions, and I dust, obscured by the more trendy have to be one of opposites. One was a believe they should have been men- tomes past renters left in our vacation defender of his country; the other was a tioned. I was there. apartment. The cover proclaimed it to critic who, nonetheless, remained in the Wesley Tanner be "must reading." And so it was. My country he openly criticized. One has Riverton, Wyo. hours spent with the author drew me to wonder how he could stand to live back across time to share the infantry- here. Personally, I am ashamed to say I man's worst nightmare: languishing as live in the county in Pennsylvania Anthem a tortured POW. I felt I had come to I'm a sixth grader at Harpursville where Hoffman last lived. I would have know Col. James Nicholas Rowe. His Middle School, and I think the National preferred living in Col. Rowe's neigh- "Five Years To Freedom" chronicled his Anthem should remain the "Star- borhood. awful experience, revealing an ordinary Spangled Banner" because it expresses Eileen Trofi man struggling to survive under patriotic sentiment toward our country. Warrington, Pa. extraordinary circumstances. His mur- The flag is a symbol of the freedom we der in 1989 was an irony cruel beyond have won through wars, and we would measure. But I am heartened that not be a free country if we don't stand Stephen Banko Ill's article ("Two Uncivil Defense up for what we believed in, even though Kinds Of Hero," March) honored Col. Our government rightly gave up the it meant going to war. "America the Rowe before his story passes into the strategy of nuclear bomb shelters and Beautiful" is a pretty song that

limbo of history. mass evacuations almost 30 years ago describes how our country looks, but I

Stan Strauss based on cold, hard facts that neither don't think it is what our country is all New York approach is a viable solution for saving about. Our National Anthem should tell

lives. Jon Basil Utley ("Uncivil what our country stands for, not what it We have many heroes like Col. Defense," March) and many others looks like. Rowe, but our society and especially make the mistake of comparing an all- Hannony Schutt our media often fail to emphasize true out nuclear attack with Hiroshima. This Harpursville, N.Y.

American heroes. I thank you for print- cannot be done because outside help ing this article and Stephen Banko III was available after that attack, but such

for writing it. A job well done. will not be the case in a total nuclear Belleau Wood Floyd W. Lucas Jr. conflict. This article contains so many The article, "Battle Report: Belleau Hickory, N.C. blatant half-truths that all should be Wood, "(January) by Vernon Pizer refuted. The only thing to be gives the 5th and 6th Marines attached "Two Kinds Of Hero" points out very accomplished by initiating another to the 2nd U.S. Infantry Division an nicely the media's perverse adulation bomb shelter program in this country is overdose of credit. No doubt, the of misfits in our society, while the the expenditure of billions of dollars Marine brigade did a most heroic and media almost totally ignore real heroes building burial vaults and cre- courageous job in all of World War I,

- other combat Si li as Col. Nick Rowe. I would add to matoriums by an unsuspecting people but not any more than Stephen Banko's article that several who believe they are protected. No one units.

AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE ii . ( . THE GREATEST WAR STORIES EVER TOLD

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HEARTS AND MINDS MACARTHUR: THE DEFIANT GENERAL COMBAT 'NAM WORLD WAR 1: SEEDS OF WAR VIETNAM REQUIEM THE RED BARON How the U.S became trapped American superhero in three Action footage of fighting Marines The first major war on film. Award-winning stories of 5 vet- The legend of Germany's great- of with est life. in a war that couldn't be wars and his inevitable through the worst Vietnam How it began. ,_, erans, combat footage. WWI ace comes to won. 1225072 downfall. 6626012 9638842 0262032 8608092 1344032 MEN OF BRONZE: BLACK AMER- VIETNAM: CHRONICLE OF A WAR VISIONS OF WAR: BERLIN 1945 DESERT VICTORY THE FIGHTING GENERALS TOURING CIVIL WAR BATTLEFIELDS ICAN HEROES OF WORLD WAR 1 Shattering portrait of the world's Russian footage of devastating Montgomery defeats Rommel's WWII's greatest — including Authentic guides to battles and The story of the 369th combat daring Afrika Bradley, Patton, MacArthur, portraits of the men who fought first "TV war." _ battle for Berlin. _ Korps. regiment. 8400092 D 3516012 4616082 9735032 Stillwell. 9640802 them. 1343042 MEIN KAMPF HELL OVER KOREA D-DAY PLUS 40 YEARS HITLER'S MASTER RACE: THE MAD THE BATTLE OF THE BULGE PATTON: THE MAN BEHIND THE MYTH DREAM OFTHES.S. Bloody struggle where trapped The beginnings and triumphs of The rise and fall of Hitler The bloody ground battles, and Reminiscences by men who fought, the first jet dogfights. plus tributes by world leaders. The brutal and elite warrior cult U.S. forces turned defeat into America's hard-driving WWII and Nazism. i— 3125042 U 9636862 3247072 in action. 6630052 victory. 9642882 general. 6627002 KAMIKAZI: MISSION OF DEATH TELEVISION'S VIETNAM RISE AND FALL OF THIRD REICH ENTERTAINING THE TROOPS THE BATTLE FOR NORTH AFRICA HITLER: PORTRAIT OF A TYRANT Japanese suicide pilots hurl "The Real Story" and "The The definitive pictorial history. Hollywood All-Stars play for the Rommel's elusive Afrika Korps The diverse and strange influ- themselves at U.S. fighting vs. Montgomery and Patton. Impact of the Media." All German film. ,_, troops overseas. ,_, ences on his life. ,_, ships. 6632032 8607002 2561072 8604032 9641892 6628092 CHURCHILL: THE PRIVATE WAR BATTLE HELL VIETNAM DEAR AMERICA: LETTERS HOME TRIUMPH OF THE WILL ROMMEL: THE STRANGE DEATH KOREA: THE FORGOTTEN WAR The inside story of Britain's Incredible American combat FROM VIETNAM The agony of war Leni Riefenstahl's classic film OF THE DESERT FOX The frustrations of stalemate. The footage, plus captured Viet through letters of of the 1934 Nazi The tragic end of Germany's great- defiant war leader. -„„„„„„ i— impossiblevictory. 6629082 U Cong film. 9639832 those who served. 6671052 LJ Party Congress. 3918052 est military hero. 6631042 Q 5707052 jj Letters The

According to the book Third Division, Non-Surgical which was written by 3rd Division personnel immediately after the armistice and published by M. Dumont Schauberg in Cologne, Germany, the Solution 7th U.S. Infantry was also involved in the Belleau Wood battle. I also take issue with Pizer stating For Impotence that the enemy was completely cleared from Chateau-Thierry. Some Germans donned U.S uniforms and continued Simple, effective and safe, And no treatment has proven to be fighting. So, we were quite nervous ErecAid System® can put safer in over 15 years of use. when we'd see any stranger in our area. in past with- ErecAid is impotence your System medically I also want to refute the last two para- out the risk and expense of surgery approved and available with a graphs about how at Belleau Wood, the or drugs. An excellent first step, prescription for under S400. When Germans were finally halted and forced ErecAid System may be the only medically necessary, ErecAid to retreat. That is absolutely false. The step you will ever have to take. System is approved for reimburse- Germans were not halted at Belleau ment by some Medicare and com- A SIMPLE NATURAL-LIKE Wood; they mounted their last offensive mercial insurance carriers. METHOD, EFFECTIVE AND at midnight July 14. The 38th U.S. For more information call SAFE ErecAid System mimics the Infantry Regiment of the 3rd U.S. Divi- our Toll-Free Information Line natural process more closely than sion took the brunt of this German 1-800-438-8592 -U.S. any other technique and can end offensive and stopped it the same day it 1-800-356-4676 - Canada the worry of impotence. Thou- began. This was the real turning point sands of users have found the Osbon Medical Systems of World War I. The Germans com- P.O. Drawer 1478, Dept. 20 Osbon Technique of vacuum ther- menced retreating on July 16. apy greater than 90% effective. Augusta, GA 30903 I was in the line with Battery B, 18th Field Artillery, and as a forward artil-

lery observer, I was at the position taken by the 38th Infantry and saw the ErecAid System exhausted men in the deep trenches. I remained with the battery until July 20, by Osbon 1918, when I went to our battalion first aid station for relief from quarter-sized The leading choicefor impotence management mustard gas burns. But I returned to duty in time to participate in the St. Mihiel offensive Sept. 12, 1918. Joseph P. Juric

Spring Valley, III.

Born On The 4th The movie "Born On The Fourth of

July" carries a message to its viewers of gross misrepresentation and sensa- tionalized conditions at VA hospitals that is simply not correct. The callous- ness exhibited by VA personnel in the movie is an injustice to the dedicated VA medical personnel who serve veterans' needs well. The Vietnam veterans depicted in the movie are, moreover, a slur on all Vietnam veterans. In my opinion, Oliver Stone owes an apology to VA and its personnel, as well as all Vietnam veterans, for abuse of the privilege of poetic license. Eel Carroll Los Angeles

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SCIENTIFIC FRAUD AND MORE VOODOO RESEARCH

T'S been said that CDC ignores self reports, or for every credibility dismisses them as scientifically gap there is a gulli- unreliable. bility fill. Congress Chairman Montgomery went and the Depart- on to say: "The findings of this ment of Veterans and all reputable studies are

Affairs attest to convincing. There is nothing to that by their will- show decisively that there are ingness to believe long-term adverse health whatever "findings" the Centers effects as a result of exposure to for Disease Control reports Agent Orange." about the connection between Decisively? illness and exposure to Agent Since when did studies have Orange. to show "decisively" that vet- CDC's latest foray into voo- erans have been harmed? What doo research was nothing less happened to the congressional than wholesale scientific fraud. philosophy to extend to vet- Yet Washington and the media erans the "benefit of the managed to suspend judgment doubt"? Even without that and fully embrace CDC's latest directive, according to one New offering: the Selected Cancers York Times reporter, Richard Study. Severo, "If Vietnam veterans Major newspapers and net- cannot prove beyond a shadow works who covered the study of doubt what Agent Orange has

reported precisely what had done to them, it is because been fed to them by CDC, and people within government added a few token comments of made such proof impossible to dissent from the Vietnam Vet- obtain." erans of America and The Amer- Reputable study? ican Legion. But there was no By CDC's own admission, mistaking the thrust of their both in congressional testimony reports: there is no link between cancer index to determine how much the vet- and in an article published in a medical

and exposure to Agent Orange. Not erans had actually been exposed to journal, it is either unwilling or incap- much investigative reporting in evi- Agent Orange. CDC had no way of able of conducting a comprehensive dence here. knowing the extent or duration of expo- Agent Orange study. Yet, suddenly, a Even Rep. G.V. "Sonny" Montgom- sure. Instead, CDC used the very study burst upon the scene with find-

ery, chairman of the House Committee technique it had roundly condemned ings purporting to be the definitive on Veterans' Affairs, joined the throng when used by others: "self reporting." negative answer about the long-term of admirers when he declared: "The That means they took the veterans' health effects of exposure to Agent

f indings of this comprehensive study of word for it. Orange.

Vietnam veterans have shed much light As I look over the record, I find it The history of this is interesting. In on whether military personnel in Viet- interesting to note that whenever find- 1979, Congress mandated the VA to nam may have incurred any further ings based on self reports are negative — conduct a study to determine the long- long-term health effects due to expo- meaning they don't help veterans, as in term health consequences, if any, of sure to Agent Orange and other herbi- this case — CDC emphasizes that self exposure to Agent Orange. After four cides." reports are valid scientific tools. How- years of stalling and bungling, VA

Comprehensive? ever, when the information yielded by decided it couldn't get the job done. So,

CDC studied a grand total of 166 such reports is positive, as when they by inter-agency agreement, it was Vietnam veterans with cancers, and showed that the wives of Vietnam vet- turned over to CDC, along with at least they didn't even develop an exposure erans have more miscarriages, then $63 million in funding.

8 AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE THE L I V I N Cm S Li§0 F OUR NATION'S FREEDOM i MM E Al MAJESTY

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STATE/ZIP_._ 85087-384 The Franklin Mint CDC proposed a large epidemiologi- believing that it did, in fact, study the responses": let's reason together and cal study based on exposure to Agent effects of exposure to Agent Orange, work out our differences. Enough is

Orange. In addition, it fashioned a and found nothing amiss. enough! Apparently some in Washing- study to determine the general physical Well, nothing amiss except one ton don't realize that real, live people and psychological health experience of statistic that was so overwhelming it are dying all across the country from Vietnam veterans. CDC planned to couldn't be shunted aside: Vietnam vet- rare disorders that shouldn't be occur- supplement the Agent Orange study erans in general have a 50 percent higher ring. They aren't statistics; they are with a Selected Cancers Study, an "add- incidence of non-Hodgkins lymphoma flesh and blood human beings who did on," as it were. (NHL) — a very rare cancer of the lym- their duty when their country called.

Then this reputable institution phatic system. But, as CDC was quick I've said it before: Vietnam veterans declared that it was unable to conduct to point out, it "found no evidence that are being studied to death in the name the Agent Orange study it had pro- the increased risk of NHL might be of science and politics. We don't need posed. Couldn't find enough veterans. related to Agent Orange." another atomic-veteran chapter in our Couldn't prove exposure. Couldn't do Of course it didn't. CDC wasn't nation's history. This insanity must this; couldn't do that. looking for that. Based on the study's cease. That's pretty interesting, especially Look at the record on Agent Orange. so since the Army and the National Congress mandates a study. VA fumbles

Academy of Sciences developed a com- the ball. CDC picks it up. CDC piddles prehensive record of Agent Orange away at least $63 million and no one sprayings in Vietnam, and they can even questions where the money went. document which units were exposed. CDC ignores Congress' mandate to do Moreover, CDC had these records in its CDC'S an Agent Orange study, and finally possession. Even though CDC couldn't conducts a study not related to Agent find a study group of qualified veterans CANCER STUDY Orange. The findings, dubious at best, with the $63 million it had to do the job, LAMELY SUGGESTS are released and the Washington band- The American Legion and Columbia wagon quickly fills with people ready to University were able to do so with much THERE IS NO LINK applaud and lay this chapter behind us. less than $100,000. Meanwhile, the Air Force conducted Our results underwent scientific peer BETWEEN AGENT its Ranch Hand Study, altered the review and were published in the presti- results, falsely reported the findings, an gious scientific journal Environmental ORANGE AND hardly anyone murmured a complaint. Research. Our study used nearly 7,000 Dr. James Clary, who blew the Vietnam veterans, half of whom served CANCER IN VIET- whistle on that one, asserted what we in Vietnam, some in areas identified already know: herbicides made with and verified by DoD records as having NAM VETERANS. dioxin can kill you. He admitted that been sprayed with Agent Orange. The the chemical companies cut corners other half, the control group, were vet- making the military version of Agent erans who had not served in Vietnam. Orange, greatly increasing its potency. In laymen's terms, we compared "However," he said, "because the mate- apples to apples, hid nothing, and let rial was to be used on the enemy, none the chips fall where they may. That's of us were overly concerned. We never called scientific integrity. I challenge hypothesis, CDC concluded that the considered a scenario in which our own CDC to operate in the same manner. elevated rate of NHL was caused by personnel would become contami- Get out of the press release business being a Vietnam veteran! What CDC nated." and back into science, and make its should have said was it couldn't tell if We're not talking about a state secret protocol and data subject to the same there was a relationship because: (1) it here. Any reasonably intelligent person scientific scrutiny it demands of all wasn't conducting an Agent Orange can figure out that poison isn't good for others. Furthermore, when CDC study; (2) its entire sample of 166 you. Maybe that's why the chemical declared that it couldn't conduct an cancer-stricken veterans was too small companies settled the class-action suit

Agent Orange study, it should have done to draw definite conclusions; and (3) it for $180 million, which was filed the honest thing: returned the money, couldn't ascertain anything statistically against them by some Agent-Orange dropped the project, and let the govern- significant from its other findings either. exposed veterans. It may seem like a lot ment find someone else. Secretary of Veterans Affairs Edward of money, but the average victim Not so. Unable to conduct the main J. Derwinski certainly spoke the truth received less than $3,000. study, CDC decided to do the add-on, when he said the VA was authorizing Dr. Clary went on to say: "As time which was supposed to be based on the compensation for NHL based not on progresses, and additional evidence is study it couldn't do. Here's where hon- science, but on compassion. Had the forthcoming, it will be increasingly esty did finally rear its head, if ever so Secretary been forced to rely on science, difficult to deny the relationship briefly: CDC flatly stated that its latest CDC would have been unable to help between dioxin and non-Hodgkins lym- study — the add-on Selected Cancers him. phoma and soft-tissue sarcoma." Study - is NOT an Agent Orange study. What's going on here? Difficult, but not impossible. Having made that assertion, however, Everytime this charade replays itself, CDC just did it and Washington, CDC proceeded to interpret findings in the leaders of veterans' organizations including the VA— which is now taking sui h a way as to lead laymen into are counseled to give "measured Please turn to page 51

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SHOULD TAXPAYERS 1 SOCIAL SECURITY CONTRIBUTIONS BE REDUCED?

Sen. Daniel Patrick Moynihan, D-New York Sen. Richard Shelby, D-Alabama

In January, I introduced ^ The secret is out. legislation to cut Social ^^If J For years, the Social Security contribution YES I ^1^^ Security Trust Fund has rates and return Social Security to pay- been used to mask the true size of our as-you-go financing. This legislation federal deficit. This so-called "smoke would strengthen the Social Security and mirrors" tactic affects the deficit system, restore honesty and integrity to estimates. It is unclear if anyone could federal finances, and provide a fair tax swallow the true number— now in the cut to 132 million working Americans. neighborhood of $200 billion.

The Social Security tax rate increased Jan. 1 to 6.2 percent I am against any change in the current system that could from 6.06 percent, excluding 1 .45 percent for Medicare. My result in a reduction in hard-earned Social Security benefits legislation repeals this increase retroactively and would now or at anytime in the future. A report compiled by the further cut the rate on Jan. 1, 1991 , to 5. 1 percent. This General Accounting Office (GAO) points out the sensitive would mean a $55 billion tax cut for working people in 1991 nature of the Social Security trust in relationship to the state and the amount would be greater in future years. For a typical of the economy. The GAO reminds us that an unforeseen, working couple, this would be a $500 tax cut next year. serious recession can cause the balance of the trust to fall Your Social Security contributions are paying for general rapidly, while a boom can cause reserves to accumulate government needs; they are not being saved for the retirement of equally as fast. This point is all too evident in light of the state the baby-boom generation. This is intolerable. Rather than con- of the economy and the Social Security trust between 1977 tinue this practice, we must go back to pay-as-you-go financing. and 1983. Social Security was financed on a pay-as-you-go basis for Experts have agreed that a reasonable reserve for any decades before 1983. Under this method, payroll tax rates unforeseen economic crisis would be a balance within a are scheduled at the levels necessary to finance benefits and range of 100 percent to 150 percent of annual expenditures. maintain a year's reserve of benefits. My legislation would Under current law, the Social Security reserves are projected establish Social Security contribution rates that would finance to reach $500 billion in 1993 and $12 trillion by 2030. While benefits and maintain a year's reserve for the next 75 years. we have begun the process of building these reserves, we are In 1983, Congress decided to create large Social Security currently only at a balance of about 77 percent of annual surpluses to save for the future. This was a good idea, but this expenditures. Caution is the key if we are to ensure the well- success has been eclipsed by the budget deficits of the 1980s being and security of generations to come. and 90s. The only way Social Security surpluses can increase The plan to roll back the Social Security tax should sound national savings is to eliminate the deficit. But this, the the alarm among legislators and the 39 million Social federal government has not done. Rather, we have used the Security beneficiaries around the country. The proposal has surpluses to finance and hide deficits in the budget. the potential to destroy the fairness and equity that have been

This practice violates the integrity of the trust funds. It the cornerstones of the Social Security system for more than also is unfair because income tax cuts for the rich and payroll half a century. tax increases for everyone else have left middle-income We must take Social Security off-budget and promote its workers bearing a disproportionate burden. growth. A plan that would include investing the Social Many experts agree: The General Accounting Office; the Security Trust Fund in government bonds, municipal bonds Democratic commissioners on the National Economic Com- and corporate securities would not only foster a reasonable mission; and Robert J. Myers, Chief of Social Security for 23 reserve, capable of sustaining an unforeseen economic crisis, years and one of the founders of the Social Security system. but would also pump a great deal of money back into our All recommend that we go states, cities and towns. back to pay-as-you-go if we YOUR OPINION COUNTS, TOO The overall result would be can't save the surpluses. Let's a Social Security system Senators and congressmen are interested in constituent view- listen the experts and end that will survive and con- to points. You may express your views by writing The Honorable (name), the shameful practice of using U.S. Senate, Washington, D.C. 20510, or The Honorable (name), U.S. tinue to protect our Amer- Social Security revenues to House of Representatives, Washington, D.C. 20515. ican workers well into the finance budget deficits. next century.

12 AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE — ' , 1

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for survival changed them over the centuries. Bees brought to Europe were culti- vated for their ability to gather and store honey, allowing them to survive the cold European winters and provide honey for human consumption. Because the European bee was pro-

KILLER tected by beekeepers, it became BEES domesticated and developed into a prolific honey producer. 'NOT THE MOVIE Europeans brought the honey bee to the United States in 1622. As the Euro- peans moved south, they took the bee They didn't come from outer space with them. Unfortunately, the Euro- pean bee, genetically suited for colder but killer bees are now sweeping temperatures, found it difficult to sur- through Mexico and are expected to vive and produce honey in the tropics. In the mid 1950s, the Brazilian gov- swarm into Texas this summer ernment hired Dr. W.H. Kerr, a German geneticist, to develop a bee more suited to the tropics. Kerr decided to cross- breed the African bee, more suited for the tropics, with the European bee. While the European bee was becoming more domesticated, the African bee was becoming more aggressive. In Africa there was no beekeeping industry. Any time people or animals wanted honey, they simply found a hive and

destroyed it. The African bee became extremely protective of its hive, and

because it realized any honey it stored

would only be taken away, it used all of

its honey for producing other bees. Kerr was successful in developing queens that were better adapted to the tropics. However, in his eagerness, he didn't study the queens long enough to realize they still maintained many of their undesirable African traits, such as aggressiveness, preference for the wild, and desire to produce other bees rather than honey.

Because of its ability to create up to BUSY BODIES — Covering a distance of about 300 miles each year, African killer 20 hives for each European bee's one, bees wiped out the honey industries in South and Central America. and superior adaptability to the tropics, the African bee virtually wiped out the Brazilian honey industry. States between now and early 1991 In search of more resources, the Afri- By Dakota Livesay He and other U.S. beekeepers have can bee moved north through Latin traced the slow, northward trek of the America at a rate of 300 miles per year. T AGE 56, when most bees over the past five years, and have Its arrival in each country was followed businessmen are look- talked to beekeepers in South and Cen- by fields of abandoned hives, and a ing forward to retire- tral America, where honey production crisis in the bee industry. "The incredi- ment. Bill Vandcrput is has dropped by nearly 70 percent. Van- ble thing is that over the past 32 years preparing to face the dcrput, owner of 5,000 hives, hopes while interacting with large numbers greatest crisis of his that he and his fellow beekeepers can of European bees, the African bee career. take the sting out of the killer bees' isn't getting modified," says Dr. Orley Vandcrput, one of the effect on the U.S. honey industry. Taylor, entomologist at the University largest beekeepers in The African or "killer bee" and the Please turn page

America, is bracing for the invasion of U.S. honey bee originated in the tropics the African "killer bees," which are of Africa and southern Asia. How- Dakota Livesay is a free-lance writer spe- expected to swarm into the United ever, environment and nature's quest cializing in outdoor and wildlife issues.

14 AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE "

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Phone ( ) _ Very Sincerely, OrvilleM. Thomas, Oklahoma Electric Mobility, 1 Mobility Plaza, Dept. 2553, Sewell, NJ 08080 iL J —

of Kansas. Dr. John Thomas, entomologist for Texas A & M, believes the African bees, in their constant drive for survival, are naturally selecting the more aggressive queens and are therefore maintaining a pure strain. In an effort to stop the African bee's progress north, the U.S. and Mexican governments established a cooperative program. Because of the mountainous Mexican terrain, the African bee had to move through two narrow strips of land along the gulf and Pacific coasts. So the two governments decided to set a series of traps in those areas to stop the bee's progress. However, according to Taylor, "They moved through the areas faster than they did in Central America. They went through those zones as if they didn't exist." Although the United States and KING — Although it's 15 percent smaller than the regular bee, the African Mexico were unable to stop the bees, STING killer bee (L) is more aggressive and prone to attack with little warning. 30,000 swarms were caught and killed 72 percent of them were African bees— and their pace was slowed down. It is just a matter of when the African but experts agree the southern United According to Taylor, the most effective bees will be coming across the border States will become infested. Some way to deal with the African bee from Mexico. Anita Collins, research experts believe the bee can't survive in problem is a public education program. leader for the U.S. Department of places such as Kansas, Oklahoma and "We're not talking about a massive Agriculture's Tropical Agriculture Lab- Minnesota. Others say almost all areas life and death problem here. We're oratory in Wesaco, Texas, believes the of the nation could be infested with talking about isolated incidents, most bees' arrival is imminent. African bees. of which can be avoided with common "Based on the severity of the weather When the African bee enters a coun- sense." this winter, the African bee could enter try, there is a typical five-year cycle. Common sense, he says, begins by Texas early this summer," she said. Dr. During the first year there is no prob- avoiding unnecessary contact with the

Thomas, however, believes it may be as lem; toward the end of the second year African bee. Be careful when in areas late as the spring of 1991 . "Whenever there may be some isolated problems; where bees nest: in cavities, the hollow they arrive, the bees will probably get the third and fourth year is when most of trees, under the eaves of houses, or here before the bucks to control them," incidents occur. Because of public edu- piles of trash. Thomas said. cation, the number of incidents decline If you see bees coming in and out of

Texas has developed a plan, but it has after the fifth year. a hole, back off. You may see only six no money to carry it out. "We don't bees, but there can be 40,000 in the even have a laboratory in the United KEEP the African bee away cavity. States for the study and identification of TOfrom their hives, U.S. beekeepers Warns Taylor, "They can literally put the invading bees," said Thomas. must increase their efforts in con- 5,000 bees in the air in a minute and a Unfortunately, the physical differ- trolled breeding. To prevent the half, stinging everything within a 100 ences between the African bee and the Africanized bees from using their yards in a matter of a couple of European bee can only be detected in a honey to produce more bees, U.S. minutes." laboratory. The African bee is about 10 beekeepers will have to visit their hives Collins recommends carrying a can to 15 percent smaller than its European every 10 days instead of once a month. of insect repellant. If African bees are cousin, but even experts are unable to And eradication teams from fire depart- sprayed with the repellant, it drives tell the difference in the field. ments and other agencies will be called them away. But the repellant doesn't

The biggest difference is the African in to destroy any wild colonies. work effectively when sprayed on your bee's aggressiveness. Although its sting Because bees will become more clothes or body, she added. is no more venomous than the Euro- aggressive, experts advise people to Taylor believes people should not pean bee, the African bee attacks 30 stay out of the fields during pollination fear the African bee "invasion," but times faster, and inflicts 10 times more time. But Collins' biggest fear is that learn to adapt to the situation. stings. people might demand legislation "If rattlesnakes were coming across Fortunately, the African bee hasn't against beekeeping. Vanderput believes the border, and we had never seen them been able to overcome its need for a it is very realistic to expect beekeeping before, we would be reacting the same temperate climate. Cold weather and will be banned within city limits; he way we are to the African bee. But we the lack of desire to store honey for says hives will have to be kept out of live with rattlesnakes, and we will do winter survival may eventually hault sight and away from people. the same with these bees. It is just a the African bee's northward advance, What do experts recommend? matter of learning how to do it.

if, AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE !

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WASHINGTON'S DIRTY LITTLE SECRET

The Social Security surplus is being used to mask the real size of the federal budget deficits, many experts claim. A $55 billion surplus set aside for the future retirement of baby boomers now exists only in the memory of a computer.

fits. That money is financing the day- ByWilliam Ecenbarger to-day expenses of the federal government and masking the true size of the national debt. ILLIONS of Americans The situation is complex, but the have opened their first bottom line is that the Social Security paychecks of the new surplus, designed to help finance the decade to find their take- retirements of the postwar generation, home pay was less than it exists only in the magnetic memory of was before. The culprit is a computer in Parkersburg, W. Va., 230 increased "FICA" or miles west of Washington, D.C. Social Security with- Those 75 million baby boomers holding. born between 1946 and 1964 have been The discovery, though unpleasant, a "problem" all along. First they over- was nothing new; it was the 21st time crowded the public schools, then they Social Security payroll taxes have been flooded college campuses, next they increased since the program began in took their degrees and overwhelmed the 1935. Among spending for federal pro- job market, and now they threaten to grams, Social Security is second only to bring the Social Security program to its defense. knees. Not only are there more of What began as a nibble a half-cen- them — they comprise about one-third tury ago has become a nasty bite. Under ENDING THE FARCE? — Sen. Daniel P. of our population — but they are going the latest changes, Social Security takes Moynihan of New York wants to to live longer than their predecessors. 7.65 percent of the first $51 ,300 of an Social Security taxes. reduce Close on their heels is the "baby individual's income or a maximum of bust" generation, those born between $3,924. At the beginning of the 1980s, 1965 and 1980 when the birthrate nose- the maximum was $1 ,820. system for the retirement of the "baby dived. The effect of this generation is Most of this increase is the result of boom" generation, which will begin now being felt at fast food restaurants, the program's 1983 restructuring, about 2010 and continue to sorely where there isn't enough young people designed to prepare the Social Security strain the program for years. to work the grills and cash registers. Fair enough. But the most unsettling The combination of the baby boom

William Ecenbarger is a free-lance writer aspect of the situation is that the extra and baby bust spells trouble for whose articles have appeared in numerous money from the higher payroll taxes is Social Security. In 1950, there were 16 national magazines. not being set aside to pay future bene- workers for every Social Security

AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE NEST EGG— Many experts believe that the solution seemed at hand: Beginning swelling Social Security reserves, sup- baby boomers won't be able to depend immediately, Social Security would posedly destined for the future retirees, on Social Security to help them through take in far more than it paid out, thereby has been used to disguise the true their retirement years. accumulating a nest egg for the baby extent of the federal deficit.

boomers. Here's how it works. At the begin- beneficiary; by 1965 that ratio had But almost immediately, federal ning of 1990, the federal budget deficit dropped to four people paying into the budget planners began a practice was listed officially as $141 billion, but system to finance the benefits of one. that has come to be known as if you strip away its Social Security By 2010, there will be only three Amer- "Washington's dirty little secret." The Please turn to page 46 icans working for every two retired baby boomers. "What you put into the Social Secu- THOSE NAGGING NOTCH YEARS rity system is babies, and what you get out is money," said Ben Wattenberg, IN ONE of its less auspicious people had already begun receiving demographics analyst for the American actions of this century, Congress in benefits. Enterprise Institute. "Those nice baby- 1972 attempted to adjust Social Congress then set up a new for- boom yuppies forgot to put babies into Security benefits to reflect the mula for the 1917-21 group and the system." impact of inflation, but the lawmak- made it effective immediately, rather Warnings of an Social impending ers made what has since been called than phasing it in over five or six Security catastrophe began about 10 an "accounting error." years to ease the impact. Thus, two years ago, and President Ronald Reagan It was not until five years later workers born only days apart — for in 1983 sought to sidestep the politi- that Congress realized to its horror example Dec. 31, 1916, and Jan. 2, cally explosive issue with an old that the computation used was 1 9 1 7 — who held the same jobs at Potomac evasion — a bipartisan study grossly over-compensating retirees the same pay and paid the same commission. But to the surprise of born between 1912 and 1921 for payroll tax into the system, could the acted wisely. many, commission inflation, threatening to quickly receive benefits that vary by as much Concerned that the system faced an bankrupt the entire system. as $2,000 a year. However, the aver- immediate deficit of $150 million to With as little fanfare as possible, age difference in benefits is about $200 million that would grow each the Congress eliminated this $28 a month. year, the proposed payroll commission windfall for people born between This disparity became known as a tax increases to build reserves for the 1 9 1 7 and 1 92 1 . But the windfall was "notch," and Americans born baby-boom generation. Until now, kept intact for those born between between 1917 and 1921 became Social Security had operated on a pay- 1912 and 1916, because these Please turn to page 46 as-you-go basis. Congress agreed, and I u

PENSION SAFE?

people who come along By Christopher Drew behind us and THOUSANDS have to pay for it borders on criminal," and Michael Tackett said Rep. Rod Chandler of Washington, OF WORKERS a key member of two House subcommit- tees on health and demographic issues. HE expectation held by They will have to pay, but so will we. Americans for nearly two HAVE DISCOVERED I think we will find ourselves with a generations — that a life- greatly reduced standard of living in the time of work and loyalty THAT TAKEOVERS early 21st century." would lead to a guaranteed A five-month Chicago Tribune exami- pension and comfort in re- CAN CREATE A nation has found: tirement—is melting away. • Thousands of companies are As the nation's economic SUBSTANTIAL LOSS replacing their retirement plans with T dominance wanes and riskier pension programs and less medical costs soar, many companies generous health benefits— or nothing at are backing away from pension and IN PENSION all. The reductions are coming as more health programs that enabled workers Americans are retiring than ever before in the postwar era to retire earlier than BENEFITS. and are living longer. their forebearers and step into old age • More than half the nation's work- with greater security. ers are not covered by any pension plan

The cutbacks are jeopardizing the II, also has hastened the changes. and one-sixth have no health insurance. notion that people who earn a middle- One clear result is that tens of mil- Most work for small high-technology class wage should remain comfortable lions of people in their middle years and and service firms, which create the in retirement and that those who strug- in the huge baby boom generation— most jobs but are less likely than man- gle to lift themselves out of poverty everyone age 25 to 43 years old— will ufacturers to provide benefits. should not have to worry about falling have to save more for their own retire- • People who retire early are vulner- back into it. ments at a time when many are strug- able to cuts in the health insurance they After watching the pension system gling to buy a house and/or send their need until they qualify for Medicare at help today's retirees become the first children to college. age 65. They may search in vain for elderly generation to maintain a largely The cuts also are rekindling the private insurance, or face costs of up to independent lifestyle, workers have debate about whether Congress should $2,000 a year for coverage. come to consider company-sponsored require all companies to provide pen- • With the dramatic rise in the stock pension and retirement health plans sions and health insurance or whether market fueling the worth of pension almost sacrosanct. the government could — or should — plans in the 1980s, 12,000 companies But this assumption is built on a absorb a larger share of the burden. have taken more than $20 billion from fragile foundation. Once these baby boomers begin to those funds to use for other purposes, No law requires a company to pro- retire early in the next century, a leaving some plans without a cushion to vide either pension or health benefits. reduced system of private pensions and weather a drop in the value of their The decline of unions, which fought to health programs could strain Social investments. make retirement benefits common in Security and public health programs, • Pension plans have become more the prosperous decades after World War clouding the economic future of vulnerable to fraud because of smaller generations to follow and trig- inadequate government regulation, particularly in the securities industry, Reprinted by permission, '1'rihunc Medici Serv- gering conflict between old and young. ices, I WO. "What we're doing literally to the where wrongdoing is hardest to detect.

AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE Transportation, public utilities Business services 63.3% 25.9%] | | AT RISK? — The percentage of workers Mining Retail trade covered by pensions fell from 55.7 percent in 1979 to 49.5 percent today. 58.3% 1 19.7% | Manufacturing Entertainment, recreation saving or spending money will com-

56.6% | 19.4% | I pound their problems. Professional Perso nal services Because baby boom workers are much more prone to change jobs or 50.7% | 11.1 move in and out of the work force than Finance, insurance, real estate Agriculture, forestry, their parents, many can't meet the legal 48.2% fisheries 1 | requirement of five years of service Wholesale trade needed to qualify for benefits at companies that still offer traditional pen- 41 .8% | \ Source: U.S. Bureau of the Census sion plans that pay a set level of

monthly benefits for life. And although the savings plans, such For some people, the changes "That was the one thing my wife and as the 401(k), allow capital to accumu- already have been devastating. I had said: 'Come what may, we're late more quickly and allow shorter- "You really do feel betrayed," said going to be covered medically. Well, all term employees to take their money Charles Fletcher, 60, whose former of a sudden, you're not covered. It with them when changing jobs, studies employer, American Forest Products, makes you very, very angry." show people save only 30 percent of the based in Martell, Calif., canceled all Others still working will not feel the money they receive in such lump sum health coverage for retired workers impact of the changes for years. But payouts. shortly after Fletcher learned he had many also will find that some of their "I think we will be working until we leukemia. own choices about changing jobs and Please turn to page 44

JUNE 1990 21 AMERICAN FARMING A TOUCH ROW TO HOE BUT IMPROVING

The death of small family farms has begun to slow and farmers are gradually beginning to regain a share of the world markets. The 1990 Farm Bill will try to make that share larger.

FEW years ago, it was learned that the number of A The health of American agriculture is closely tied to America 's familyfarms was shrinking at a phenom- world markets and heavily dependent on foreign pur- enal rate. Many farmers abandoned what had chases of our products. Our farmers have to compete against been a family business as the costs to raise and subsidies of other nations, particularly the European Com- harvest crops skyrocketed beyond their means. munity. As a result, our exports deteriorated tremendously in Wliolesale auctions offarms and equipment became 1985 and 1986, and we dramatically lost our share of world commonplace, and were most visible throughout the markets. For example, our share of the world's grain trade Midwest. fell to 35 percent in 1985 from nearly 60 percent in the late "Agriculture will probably continue to lose 1970s. This situation has begun to improve because of the people, but the pace has slowed, " said Secretary ofAgriculture 1985 Farm Bill, coupled with more aggressive sales efforts Clayton Yeutter. In an interview with The American Legion on the part of the administration. We have now begun to Magazine, Yeutter talks about this issue, and topics rangingfrom regain our share of world markets. Today, our share of the selling U.S. farm products abroad to foreign investment in farm world's grain trade is back to about 50 percent. land in the United States. Q. Then, are exports the major area you're concentrat- American Legion Magazine: secretary Yeutter, there ing on to put U.S. farming on a more solid footing? seems to be many farm problems— overproduction and A Yes, we hope to develop additional export opportunities shrinking markets, massive government subsidies, farmer and solidify our presence in the international market- bankruptcies, soil erosion and chemical contamination. place through negotiations and more aggressive selling. And Many wonder if farming hasn't slid into a state of perma- to the extent we are successful, we, along with the rest of the nent crisis. Just how bad is the situation? world, can then reduce government subsidies to farmers.

Secretary Yeutter: i t's difficult to generalize about a Q. How much do these subsidies total? field as diversified as agriculture, not to mention one which Agriculture subsidies have cost $10 billion to $15 is subjected to the vagaries of weather and other risks. But A billion during the past couple years. But if you include the farming situation is definitely better today than several other government aids to farming, such as drought assistance years ago. Agriculture has gone through vast changes in this during the past two years, the total is probably closer to century, in technology and in human terms, as well as in $20 billion. government policies and market conditions. Aggregated, we had two good years in 1 9X7 and 1988. In addition, 1 989 was a good year financially, though not quite as profitable as the Q. Do you see any chance of finally eliminating such a past two years because of drought effects. burden on the U.S. treasury? A We must maintain some kind of a safety net for our Q. What remains the biggest problem? farmers who are forced to compete against their foreign

AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE to > . \ i

and allow farmers to respond more readily to market signals 'I believe our should be promoted. More specifically, less rigidity in farmers are acreage limitation programs, an accessible stocks policy, and second to price supports that do not interfere with market prices are policy objectives. These farm policy goals would help us none when it maintain our negotiating position during the final year of the comes to General Agreements on the Tariffs and Trade (GATT) negotiations, and they would be consistent with the U.S. GATT efficient commitment to move toward freer world agricultural trade. production Farm policy should address farmers' underlying risks by and competi- providing a safety net, but the level of support must be carefully balanced against the mandated obligation to tive pricing.' balance the federal budget.

Q. Because of the vast support of agriculture production by other governments, the world today is awash in farm counterparts on an unfair basis. We must try to negotiate a products, except for notable shortfalls in communist gradual reduction of subsidies so that competitive conditions nations. Can we really hope to sell more abroad under such become fairer. As long as we are up against predatory trade conditions of oversupply? practices on the part of other nations, we have to protect A First, we are trying through the ongoing Uruguay round ourselves; otherwise, we would simply abandon our position of agricultural negotiations to level the playing field in in world markets, and our farmers would suffer. international farm competition and put the world on a greater reliance on market orientation, which is in everyone's

Q. What will be the major thrust of the upcoming farm interest. I believe our farmers are second to none when it legislation? comes to efficient production and competitive pricing. A A continuation of the market-oriented thrust initiated Second, populations are increasing and, at the same time, . by the 1 985 Farm Bill will be a major goal of the 1 990 much of the world goes hungry, which means there are many Farm Bill. The increased response to market forces made opportunities to increase the worldwide agriculture market. possible by the 1985 act was largely responsible for expanded American farmers certainly could count on getting their farm markets and economic recovery in the farm sector. We share of this economic expansion under more equal competi- want to improve on that record and ensure that U.S. farmers tion. can compete in the international marketplace in the next decade. Policies that enhance competitiveness, maintain and Q- The number of people on our farms is now about improve our natural resources and environmental quality, Please turn to page 48

JUNE 1990 23 1

DEFENSE THE PENTAGON'S Perestroika

billion advance attack submarine. By TimothyW. Stanley SOVIET A better approach is to ask what components of national defense are essen- CUTBACKS IN tial to provide flexibility in an uncertain are the landmarks future. Certain elements appear to com- I that guided Western pol- MILITARY mand some consensus. eONEicies during the Cold War: SPENDING First, we continue to need an I a divided Europe; a super- adequate strategic nuclear deterrent power standoff, with con- HAVE FORCED OUR against the Soviet Union. A START tinued rivalry in a largely agreement will save little in the short bipolar world; and reliance DEFENSE PLANNERS run, as both sides seek to retain the on peace through strength. most invulnerable and modern systems If the Cold War really is TO LOOK AT WAYS under its limitations. But if true over, why go on paying for military strategic stability is established in an strength, especially now that economic environment of mutual confidence, power looks like the key to the future? TO STREAMLINE OUR then one key dynamic of the arms race The answer is the very uncertainties will be eliminated. With a verified I unleashed by the new developments OWN FORCES. arms-control regime at, say, half the and the risks to stability if both super- warheads now deployed, or 6,000, the powers enter a phase of competitive United States could do with a smaller, disengagement from the world's many billion from the defense budget over cheaper mix of Trident submarine-

remaining problems. five years, which could reduce military launched ballistic missiles, cruise mis- I In this disorienting environment, personnel to about 1.5 million, from siles, and land-based Minuteman III

predictions of what may happen tend to the present 2. 1 million. plus mobile MX or Midgetman mis- mix with more subjective views of what Such a cut would not really be a siles. Manned bombers, a mix of B-ls should take place. My prediction is that "peace dividend," because that can and B-52s, with perhaps a few B-2s to sharply lower U.S. defense budgets are only be the difference between the perfect stealth technology, would be I inescapable, barring some world money actually spent and some higher reoriented toward non-general war con- upheaval and assuming a continuation number that might have been approp- tingencies. of present East-West trends. The major riated under different circumstances. The Strategic Defense Initiative bal- concern is how to achieve an orderly How might a given level of defense listic-missile defense program would reduction to sustainable and cost-effec- expenditure best be allocated? Getting probably survive only in a research and tive levels. an objective answer reflecting the long- development phase to hedge against In quantitative terms, there is already term national interest will be difficult. Soviet cheating on any applicable talk in Washington of eventually mov- Left to Congress, one cynic remarked, accords, and if a system were deployed

ing to about two-thirds of present force our defense might resemble a car with at all, presumably in agreement with 1

levels and expenditures, stabilizing at four well-greased wheels but no engine. the Soviet Union, it would be cut back about 3 percent of the GNP— down Left to the Pentagon, the budget would to deal only with Third World or acci- from the 5.2 percent today. The Con- tend to be a compromise by the highly dental threats. gressional Budget Office has listed competitive military services. Despite Second, modern conventional gen-

various options for cuts of up to $80 "unification" more than 40 years ago, eral purpose forces will become even fli each still seeks to preserve its favored more important. Most U.S. force plan- Timothy W. Stanley is president of the Inter- weapons systems and missions, such as ning has been driven by the scenario of J national Economic Studies Institute in the B-2 stealth bomber at more than a major conventional East- West war I Washington, D C. $500 million per plane or the Navy's $1 starting in Europe, which would have to

24 AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE —

BACK TRACK Growing problems at home have forced the Soviet Union to cut their troop strength in Czechoslovakia and elsewhere.

be rapidly reinforced from the United European build-up, the active duty base States and would require expensive sea- might be cut from 18 to 12 Army divi- land protection. sions; the Navy to about 180 principal The collapse of the Warsaw Pact as a surface combatants from 230, with military entity, plus the defensive orien- three aircraft carrier task forces on tation of Soviet "new thinking" make station in the Atlantic, Pacific and this case increasingly unlikely, espe- Mediterranean, backed up by six, for a cially as the Soviets militarily withdraw total of nine instead of today's 14. The from Eastern Europe and their home Air Force, with a smaller general forces shrink. Warning time has been nuclear role but more responsibility for vastly increased, and the West would rapid response and mobility, might cut have notice of any renewed threat via its active tactical combat wings from 25 the political upheavals in the Soviet to as few as 20. Most of the equipment Union that would almost certainly pre- involved in such reductions could go cede it. To be sure, substantial U.S. into reserve or be mothballed. forces would remain in Europe for the Both foreign and domestic political foreseeable future for what President pressures are mounting against deploy- Bush calls "stability" reasons. But this ing large numbers of U.S. forces might ultimately be as few as 100,000 abroad. These objections are reinforced men, about one-third of present levels by budgetary and balance-of-payments and roughly half the goals already dis- considerations. The trend will be for cussed by Bush and Gorbachev. Equip- smaller foreign deployments, which, in ment for six divisions already is turn, increases the importance of positioned in Europe, for which the mobility and sea-and-air lift, selected manpower could be airlifted. overseas prepositioning of stocks, and TOP GUN— America's presence in NATO If US. planning assumptions were contingency basing arrangements. nations might be reduced to 100,000 in sized can be done to use U.S. flag ships reduced to two small-to-medium More the 1990s. Third World contingencies, or one Please turn to page 50

JUNE 1990 25 CAREER CHANGE FOR CASTRO?

The worldwide wave of democracy

is engulfing the Castro regime as the Cuban people become more disenchanted with the dictator's iron-fisted hold on them.

By Dr. Timothy Ashby

UBAN dictator Fidel Cas- tro's beard must be growing grayer by the hour as he watches the crumbling of the Soviet empire and RED STORM RISING— Despite outward appearances of "socialist solidarity," the the electoral demise of the Kremlin has never had a good relationship with Castro. The Soviet media have Sandinistas in Nicaragua. criticized Castro's foreign policy and the $5 billion Soviet aid Cuba receives Although the 63-year-old annually. "Maximum Leader" of Cuba hopes his repressive regime is immune from the tidal wave of freedom appearances of "socialist solidarity," came to power, Moscow and Havana which is transforming Eastern Europe, the Kremlin's leadership has never had moved onto divergent paths. his worst fears may soon be realized. a good relationship with Castro. In the Castro was wary of Gorbachev's When Moscow— Berlin, Bucharest or late 1960s, for example, Castro reform program from its inception, but Prague — sneezes, Cuba inevitably antagonized the Soviets to such an during the past year, Castro has grown catches the perestroika flu. extent that they seriously considered recklessly insulting about glasnost and In an ironic twist of history, Castro's removing him. Instead, the decision perestroika, calling them "complete decision 30 years ago to isolate Cuba was made to "tame" the Cuban dictator garbage" and describing Gorbachev and from the United States and align his by applying economic and political his supporters as "disgusting." In retali- regime with the Soviet Union probably pressure. Since then, Castro has operation, the Soviet media, with the bless- will backfire. In spite of outward ated as a semi-independent actor within ings of the Kremlin, have begun certain limits defined by Moscow. This criticizing Castro's behavior as well as Dr. Timothy Ashby is the director of the arrangement worked reasonably well the $5 billion in aid the Soviet Union Office ofMexico and the Caribbean at the when Soviet and Cuban interests con- sends Cuba each year. Last December, U.S. Department of Commerce. verged, but when Mikhail Gorbachev for example, an adviser to the Soviet

AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE Communist Party's Central Committee to his corrupt dictatorship. In December The Soviet Union alone supplies 71 complained in a Moscow News article 1989, a newsletter published by The percent of Cuba's imports and takes that, "We buy Cuban Economist in London 86 percent of its exports. Cuban sugar for a price four reported that Moscow officials therefore viewed the results of times the world average." is now only shipping COMECON's January 1990 meeting as More recently, Moscow enough petroleum to catastrophic, because the organization News said the availabil- CASTRO Cuba to supply the decided to gradually abolish its tradi- ity of Soviet military aid banned island's domestic needs. tional barter arrangements and move had "stimulated Cuban In prior years, the toward a free market system based on adventurism in foreign two Soviet Cubans re-exported Western currency values by the end In an indirect Soviet oil the of 1991. policy." publications to earn reference to Castro, the money needed to pay for Last August, Castro took the extraor- same article stated that because imports as well as to dinary step of banning two Soviet publi- many Third World recip- handle their $6.5 billion cations, the weekly Moscow News and ients of foreign aid are they promoted debt to Western creditors. monthly Sputnik, because they pro- "characterized by author- the so-called The Economist reported moted democracy and the American way itarian and dictatorial that Cuba's revenue of life. The Soviet periodicals infuriated methods of government, 'American from Soviet crude oil re- Castro to such an extent that he attacked by personality cults, by exports fell from $621 them again in a speech last Dec. 7, way of life.' cruel suppression of million in 1 985 , the alleging that they were asking "the opposition and by cor- year Gorbachev came to USSR to join in the Yankee blockade ruption." power, to nothing in against Cuba." Ironically, the U.S. gov-

Gorbachev evidently 1989. The Kremlin also ernment's/?^^ Marti is now broadcast- has lost patience with is reportedly pressing ing to Cuba excerpts from the banned Castro and has begun Cuba to repay more than Soviet publications. reducing economic aid $10 billion in debts. As 1990 began, relations between Because Soviet cereal and flour ship- Cuba and its traditional Soviet-bloc ments did not arrive as scheduled in allies soured further. In early January, November, December and January, the Please turn to page 52 Castro regime tightened bread ration- ing and increased the price of eggs. East German and Polish ships also were officially "delayed," and Cuba's citrus exports were reduced. As a result, the Cubans were forced to spend their scarce, hard-currency resources to obtain products they normally acquired via barter. In an attempt to accustom his people to greater economic hardship, Castro warned his people that they can no longer count on Soviet aid to arrive "like clockwork."

About 87 percent of Cuba's trade is with the members of COMECON, the Soviet-bloc trade organization.

JUNE 1990 THE SILENT n

Dear Editor: rows, I contemplated their morale, their motivations, I am still serving on active duty, and I am not a Legion member, their sacrifices. What had brought them to serve here? Why had although I avidly read my father-in-law 's issues ofyour magazine. As I they been sent? What were they before searched your title pagefor the editorial address, I noticed the passage that their service— bakers, farmers, factory dedicates the Legion to God, country, and traditional American values. workers? Did they have a purpose for This reminds me of an opinion piece written in the spring of ] 987 by the still guarding these bluffs? The legend on the stone column marking the unit's columnist Mary McGrory in which she lauded Amy Carter as being place of duty offered a simple reply: perhaps the only member of the younger generation to have any social "Their graves are the permanent and conscience. Yet, during the last decade in which I have worn a uniform, I visible symbol of their devotion and have seen thousands ofyouths serving their country, risking their lives in their sacrifice in the common cause of humanity." the United States, Europe, Latin America and Asia. Most felt a sense of Peace with freedom? Perhaps mere that desire commitment wentfar beyond the for the educational benefits or words, but on the beach below the hun- job security that the cynics tell us are the main lures to modern military dreds of rows of white crosses and Stars

service. Celebrating that commitment by the young and linking it to the of David, each representing a member of the garrison, was a scene that I still sacrifices of the past was a major reason I wrote this essay. cannot adequately put into words. Capt. RickWaddell Crowds of Frenchmen and tourists U.S. Army Corps ofEngineers splashed, laughed and played in the rolling surf. Oblivious to the ever-vigil- ant "silent sentinels" above, the crowds

frolicked, enjoying the gift of life. Just THIS age of moral rela- ing above the approaches to Normandy behind and a little above the beach, a

tivity, I am not sure what is Beach. Their fortress was a simple open scarred, graffiti-clad, urine-soaked meant by "peace with free- expanse of ground without walls or concrete bunker bore sole, silent testi-

dom," but I know what I battlements. That day, the unit, com- mony to the conflict in which the gar- nNhave seen. I have stood on posed of the forever young, was drawn rison had earned its honor and gained high ground in two hemis- up in formation as usual on a broad its permanent assignment. pheres and surveyed arenas apron of grass. These soldiers, repre- For a fleeting moment, the beach of conflict— one new, the sentatives of a unique nation's resolute scene gave meaning to the "peace with other ancient. In these will, would never return to their various freedom" slogan. In that ephemeral arenas, the fate of peace and freedom backgrounds or homes, never partici- moment of clarity, the free and happy was, and will be, decided by men such pate in a victory celebration, never as ourselves. again taste the freedom they secured. Capt. Rick Waddell won a George

I once visited the permanent U.S. They will stand watch over the beach Washington Honor Medal from the Valley garrison in France. This unit, several forever. Forge Freedoms Foundation for this 1988

thousand strong, stood tall and glisten- As I walked inspecting their upright essay.

AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE people on the beach were proof that the An easy definition of "peace with sacrifices born by those "silent senti- freedom," the cornerstones of our way nels" were not in vain. Their continuing of life, is elusive for today's soldier. presence also serves as a stark reminder Surely, though, the answer must lie in to those of us who might forget that the actions of those such as the "Silent peace and freedom are mutually depen- Sentinels" who preceded us in uniform, dent, and as a warning to any who and the simple tradition of honor and would tamper with either. sacrifice that is their legacy to us. A hemisphere away, I stood on a wet, wind-swept Central American ridge looking into Nicaragua, a land many have called a Utopia. Between me and The free and that benighted country was an ill- happy people on defined line, on one side freedom, on the other side tyranny, on neither side the beach were peace. No doubt, this was the wavering, jagged edge of freedom. Unfortunately, proof that the far too many are unsure on which side sacrifices borne the freedom falls, or whether peace should mean victory for our side or the by the "silent other. Such confusion may be our dead- liest enemy. For certain, from the safety sentinels" of of my ridge, the zone extending for a Normandy were few kilometers on either side of the frontier below was the home of the not in vain. antithesis of peace.

COMPARING the view from that Honduran ridge with the view from France tells me that "peace with freedom" is a challenge only met at great sacrifice. Two generations ago, the members of the U.S. garrison in France paid the ultimate price to restore peace and regain freedom in their time. In our time, our nation is faced with a darkness every bit as great as that which faced our fathers and grandfathers. We who now serve may be called upon to pay the next installment on the price. We are bound in this way to the Amer- ican soldiers of the past. They have passed the standard to us, and we shall carry on.

JUNE 1990 29 gents of 20 other Free World nations) against the Asian communist nations supported by the remainder of the A VICTORY NOT communist orbit. America alone cycled 1.5 million of its sons and daughters through the Korean theater. Like their allied comrades, these patriots accepted all manner of privation, put life on line repeatedly, struggled •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••a* through the harshest of terrain, endured terrible extremes of weather, and The courage ofAmericans suffered enormous casualties. Overall, and they performed in the best tradition of South Korean troops in the land of our armed forces. Yet, when the guns fell silent because of a military armis- the morning calm" slammed the door tice, the opposing sides were virtually shut on communism. at the start line of the conflict. A stalemate. Was MacArthur right? No. Wars are waged for objectives defined by our elected leaders. The overriding political objectives set by President Truman and maintained by President Eisenhower were to restore the territorial integrity of the Republic of Korea and to ensure the freedom of its 40 million people. A collateral objective was to stop, once and for all, the advance of communism by force of arms. Thanks to the collective courage and sacrifices of those 1.5 million Americans, and South Koreans and other allies arrayed alongside them, these objectives were attained in full. There were even greater consequences. In early 1950, a milestone national security policy created a concept for frustrating Moscow's quest for world domination. However, the major investments required to imple- ment the concept were given scant attention; indeed, in the existing FRONT Although the war lasted only 37 months, more than 54,000 LINES— domestic environment, there was no American troops were killed in Korea by an endless wave of North Korean and support by Congress or the public. The Chinese soldiers. Korean experience soon changed attitudes, driving home the lesson that a day of war costs more than a year of pre- President Truman to commit U.S. vention. By Gen. Richard G. Stilwell Armed Forces — unprepared as they Thus, in the immediate aftermath of were — to the defense of South Korea. the war, we built powerful, balanced The United Nations Security Council military capabilities and the global ORTY years ago this called upon member nations to do system of alliances that we know today. month, the North Korean likewise. In what was perhaps his finest American resolve has been the glue of army, trained, equipped hour, the President had begun events that security framework while our and ahctted by the Soviet that would determine the shape of armed forces, including substantial Union, struck south across America's national security posture forward deployments, have provided the 38th parallel, bent on and the course of East Asia for the next the muscle. Dividends from that steady overrunning the entire Kor- four decades. course are now being reaped in Eastern ean peninsula. This flagrant For the next 37 months, the peninsula Europe. act of aggression impelled was engulfed in the violence and East Asia, given its potential and its destruction of a major war that pitted dangers, became central to this (icn. Richard G. Stilwell, who retiredfrom the United Nations Command (with strategic posture. Visible American the Army in 1976, served in World War II predominantly American and South military power and security guarantees and the Korean and Vietnam wars. Korean forces, but including contin- Please turn to page 49

AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE

COMMANDER'S MESSAGE i

our youth in Vietnam , but we returned with a commitment to our friends who will be forever young. Our commitment is not to their memory alone, but also to the ideals and values they died believing in. I'm not

ashamed to admit it; our flag, to me, is the living symbol of all those things, good and true, that my buddies laid down their lives for. In life,

they respected it and loved

what it stands for.

And in death, it draped their caskets in honored glory, and in memory of who they were, what they did, and

why they did it. When someone burns that

flag, or spits on it, or tram-

ples it, then he is desecrating not just the flag, but also the memory of those brave men and women. To accord such repugnant acts of disrespect and defiance, constitutional protection based on some legal interpretation of "free speech" defies logic and must not be permitted to continue. "We, the people" have the right and the obligation to protect our flag by adopting By NatIonaI CoMMANdER MiUs S. EpliNq a narrowly drawn constitutional amendment which will settle this issue once and for all. Statutes which existed

prior to Texas v. Johnson have HENEVER been overturned. Congress' in I am Wash- attempt to draft new flag- Banner ington, D.C., protection legislation now Jl go to the faces the constitutional chal- ^^^^^B Vietnam Vet- lenge we predicted it would. erans Memorial to spend a The only sure course is the LibERiy, few moments with my bud- one that made the most sense Of dies. During that quiet time from the beginning: amend

near dawn, I remember each the Constitution. The articles

of them as they were. As I in this special issue provide touch each name on the Wall, the information you need to Syivibol Of I can still see their faces and help us accomplish this hear their voices. We were so objective. young, so full of life. Death Our flag deserves this pro- had not touched us, and we tection. It is the torch the SACRifiCE bore no scars of battle. poet spoke of that we the Dying was a concept as living must hold high and abstract as patriotism, yet pass on to future generations. each of us— as had the gener- We have a commitment to ations before us— soon came those who are no longer with to understand the meaning of us, as well as to those who both. Those of us who even- will follow us, to Stand By

tually made it home had left Our Flag.

F-2 AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE ASSAULT ON

A year has passed since the Supreme Court said that flag burning was freedom of speech. Legionnaires have spearheaded an ongoing 'positive protest/ enlisting an army of mainstream Americans who demand the U.S. Flag be protected from desecration.

UMMER siz- the Legion was confronted zled on the by a troubling issue involv- sidewalks out- ing the U.S. Flag. A few side Dallas City months before the court Hall where decision, Gierke publicly a handful of denounced a School of Art demonstrators Institute of Chicago exhibit gathered to that encouraged visitors to protest the con- walk across a U.S. Flag dis- vening of the 1984 Republi- played on the floor. "Many can National Convention. Gold Star mothers cherish One of the protesters, Greg- the carefully folded bundle ory Lee Johnson, doused the of red, white and blue as the U.S. Flag with kerosene and only link to their sons and

set it on fire. The crowd daughters who gave their chanted, "America, the lives serving the nation," he red, white and blue, we spit said. "Their memory is on you!" mocked by this display of so- Johnson was later con- called art." victed of violating Texas' The display caused out- flag-desecration law, a deci- rage, but the Supreme Court sion that was subsequently decision on flag-burning was overturned in the state appel- the catalyst that caused late courts. Five years later, Legionnaires to rally round the U.S. Supreme Court the flag more than ever.

handed down a decision that FLAG BURNER — Scoff Tyler of Chicago was arrested The Texas v. Johnson deci- would stun most of the immediately after testing the Flag Protection Act of 1989. sion, in effect, ruled that a nation, especially the 3.1 federal statute and flag- million members of The desecration laws in 47 other American Legion. Justice William H. Rehnquist, Sandra states and the District of Columbia In a 5-4 ruling on June 21,1 989, one Day O'Connor, Byron R. White and were unconstitutional. Three alterna- week after Flag Day, the court said that John Paul Stevens (see page F-8, this tives loomed: Congress could pass Johnson's action was protected as free section). another federal statute protecting the speech under the First Amendment of "As a veteran, my first reaction to U.S. Flag; a constitutional amendment the U.S. Constitution. Majority justices the decision is anger, but that anger could be adopted; or, lawmakers could were William J. Brennan Jr., Harry A. turns to sadness," said then-Nat'l "bravely do nothing," as former Sol- Blackmun, Anthony M. Kennedy, Thur- Cmdr. H.F "Sparky" Gierke. "This is a icitor General Charles Fried testified good Marshall and Antonin Scalia. sad day for America." before a congressional committee.

Dissenting votes were cast by Chief It wasn't the first time in 1989 that After conferring with constitutional

AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE F-3 T A N D BY HSOUR FLAB

experts, the Legion concluded the only said they disagreed with the Supreme Zelda Gingrich, 75, a member of

way to protect the U.S. Flag was Court decision; 64 percent said they Post 730, Harrisburg, Pa. , was recuperat- through ratification of a narrowly would support a constitutional amending from a broken leg when she heard drawn constitutional amendment, ment to make flag burning illegal; 70 about the drive. She donned her blue cap which simply would give the U.S. Flag percent said they didn't believe an and immediately began to canvass her special status and make its physical amendment would jeopardize their neighborhood for signatures. desecration a crime. freedom of speech. Meanwhile, despite earlier predic-

Ironically, the opinions written by The Legion survey was consistent tions circulated in the media, it was Justices Kennedy and Brennan, who with other national polls. A USA TODAY becoming clear that the flag issue was voted with the majority, showed the poll showed that 69 percent of Amer- not about to go away and that Congress

amendment to be the only true remedy. icans favored the constitutional amend- would have to deal with it. The same Kennedy wrote: "Sometimes we must ment. three choices faced by the Legion now make decisions we do not like. We make Malcolm S. Forbes Jr., writing in loomed before lawmakers: they could them because they are right, right in the Forbes magazine last summer, put flag pass a federal statute, or adopt a con- sense that the law and Constitu- burning and its protection into its stitutional amendment that would

tion . . . compel the decision." simplest terms: "It is a crime to deface require two-thirds approval in both Brennan wrote: "There is, moreover, or destroy U.S. currency. It is against houses and the approval of 38 state no indication ... in the text of the the law to mutilate your own mailbox. legislatures. And of course, they had

Constitution . . . that a separate juridi- It is illegal in most of the country to the option to "bravely do nothing." cal category exists for the American burn leaves. If the law can protect dol- Amazingly, that choice gained support. " flag . . . lar bills, dead leaves and mail boxes, While some didn't wholeheartedly

The Legion's call for the amendment why is it unconstitutional to protect the support the latter option, they weren't

was echoed by President George Bush American flag?" Clearly, that was the totally opposed to it either. They and several members of both major crux of the whole controversy. wanted to boldly do something, but not political parties in Congress. But the The positive protest Gierke much. Nevertheless, within a month of best way to garner support for the spearheaded had also taken root around the court's decision, the House amendment is through a grass-roots the nation. More than 22,000 petitions Judiciary subcommittee on Civil and campaign. were distributed to Legion Depart- Constitutional Rights had received "I urge each Legionnaire and all ments, Posts and Auxiliary Units. proposals for 38 constitutional amend-

Americans who disagree with the court Legionnaires in Indiana's 1 1th Dis- ments and three flag-protection bills. ruling on flag burning to begin a posi- trict circulated petitions and handed out Clearly, there were many who knew tive protest." Gierke said. miniature U.S. Flags to truckers and what course of action would actually While the Legion began to map out motorists at an Indianapolis truck stop get the job done. its strategy in the quest for the amend- over the Fourth of July weekend. Mem- As support for an amendment con-

ment, it also sought to take the pulse of bers of Pete Willner Post 298, Cedar- tinued to grow, so did opposition to the America by commissioning a nation- burg, Wis., collected 5,173 signatures measure. A task force of the American wide Gallup Poll throughout all of July. in their community — a town with a Bar Association said that either a law or

Among the 1 ,000 surveyed: 95 percent total population of 9,005. amendment would start the nation down a "slippery slope" of banning other forms of expression considered offensive by some Americans. THE FL/ 3 STAFF "We most assuredly stand on a slippery slope if we, as a nation, are not THROUGHOUT the years, The 1 ,000 copies. sufficiently moved to respond when our • American Legion has sponsored Know Your America. A 64-page most sacred symbol is desecrated," a strong and effective flag education study course in Americanism, responded Gierke, also an attorney and program. Legion officials spear- including information about the U.S. justice on the North Dakota State headed the drafting and adoption of Flag. Costs 75 cents per copy or Supreme Court. the first U.S. Flag Code in 1924. As $83.75 per 125 copies. The initial petition drive launched by • part of its ongoing commitment, the Our Country's Flag. A 20-page the Legion was coming to a climax as Legion offers these flag-education comic book about the history, sig- the organization prepared for the 71st publications, available in individual nificance and treatment of the U.S. National Convention in Baltimore, near copies or in bulk: Flag. Available only in quantities of historic Fort McHenry where Francis • Let's Be Right On Flag Etiquette. 100 copies for $39.95. Scott Key wrote the "Star-Spangled This pamphlet explains the U.S. Flag For orders up to $25, add $3 Banner." Code and proper flag display. Costs postage and handling; $25.01 to By that time, tens of thousands of 40 cents per copy, or $32 for 100 $50, $4; $50.01 to $75, $5; $75.01 signatures on petitions were arriving copies. to $100, $7.50; $100.01 and more, daily at National Headquarters in Indi- • The Flag Code. This information $10. Orders should be sent to The anapolis. Earlier, Gierke had called for sheet shows how to properly display American Legion National Emblem each Legion Post to establish a Flag the U.S. Flag. Costs 10 cents per Sales, P.O. Box 1050, Indianapolis, Honor Guard Committee to help coor- copy; $8 for 100 copies; $65 for IN 46206. dinate the petition drive and promote flag awareness in the community.

F-4 AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE WE WANT YOU THE American Legion needs other Americans to join in the crusade for a constitutional amendment to outlaw the physical desec-

ration of the U.S. Flag. All it takes is a willingness to become a member of The American Legion Citizens Flag Honor Guard. Anyone can join this group. A donation of $5, $10, $25 or whatever you can afford, automatically qualifies you for membership in the honor guard. The money will be used to defray the increasing costs of publicizing the need for a constitutional amendment. In return, each member receives a sticker that proudly proclaims "Stand By Your Flag." Send donations to The American Legion National Headquarters, CFHG, P.O. Box 1817, Indianapo- lis, IN 46206-1817.

know they opposed flag desecration and wanted them to vote for an amendment. More than 8,000 telephone calls flooded lawmakers for two days and shut down one Washington telephone exchange the first afternoon. Delegates were shown a specially produced Legion video, "Stand By Our Flag," that featured actor Larry Wil- cox, who starred in the television series "CHiPs" and also served with the Marines in Vietnam. Wilcox was a distinguished guest at the convention and was joined by other flag-amendment supporters, including Maryland Rep. Helen Bentley, New Hampshire Rep. Charles "Chuck" Douglas (see page F-10, this section), leaders of the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks and U.S. Jaycees. Before the start of the convention, Legionnaires had the chance to weigh POLITICAL PYROM ANI AC — Four Seattle residents were charged with violating arguments for either a flag amendment the Flag Protection Act, which a federal judge later ruled to be unconstitutional. or statute by legal experts writing in the September issue of The American Legion Magazine. On the eve of the convention, Gierke "The U.S. Flag is not a Republican The choice of the delegates was clear scheduled a news conference in the flag or a Democrat flag," Gierke said. when they unanimously adopted Res. Mansfield Room at the U.S. Capitol. "It belongs to all Americans. And 355 (Americanism), supporting the Flanked by Senators Robert Dole of mainstream America demands that the flag amendment. The mandate grew out Kansas and John Warner of Virginia, as U.S. Flag be protected." of 32 resolutions passed earlier at well as House members from both par- The Legion had a special telephone Department conventions. There was no ties, Gierke presented the lawmakers bank installed at the Baltimore Conven- turning back in the Legion's campaign. with petitions bearing more than 1 mil- tion Center so that delegates could con- Already, the path to the amendment lion signatures. tact their congressmen and let them was being blocked by some in Con-

AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE F-5 ,

OUR FLAG

gress. Less than a week after the Legion convention, the House scheduled a vote on H.R. 2978, the Flag Protection Act of 1989. Newly elected Nat'l Cmdr. Miles S. Epling was promised by House leaders that a debate on the constitutional amendment would be held at a later date. At press time — six months later — no such debate has occurred or is planned. The law which passed in the House

by a vote of 37 1 -43 was then sent to the Senate, where a few amendments were added to the statute, then returned to the House of Representatives. The House accepted the changes, and on Oct. 12, the Flag Protection Act of 1989 passed 413-0. Based on that vote, some wondered what happened to the support for the amendment backed by many lawmakers. Apparently, a deal had been struck. Supporters were told CALL TO ACTION — Actor Larry Wilcox (L) was among the 8,000 at the Baltimore that if they voted for the Flag Protection convention who called their congressmen to seek support for the flag amendment.

Act of 1989, even if they opposed it as the best solution, then debate on the amendment would be scheduled at a the bill, and it automatically became still being circulated as the year came to later date — the same promise made to law. a close and more than 1 Vi million Epling. (See page F-10). Many already were lining up to test Americans had added their names to In October, the Legion's flag cam- the new statute, which called for a fine the roll of those demanding a flag paign was stepped up. Flag Honor of $1 ,000 and a maximum jail term of amendment. Guard committees and key Department one year for anyone convicted of inten- As both Gierke and Epling predicted, Legionnaires pressed state lawmakers tionally desecrating the U.S. Flag. the new law didn't survive the review of

for help. As a result, several state legis- Moments after the new law went into the courts. On Feb. 21 , 1990, U.S. Dis- latures adopted memorial resolutions, effect at midnight, Oct. 28, a strange trict Judge Barbara J. Rothstein dis- urging Congress to send the flag assortment of disgruntled Vietnam missed charges against the four Seattle amendment back to the states for ratifi- veterans, Marxists and neo-Nazis defendants. One of the accused, Darius cation. gathered outside the Washington state Strong, celebrated the decision by rip-

As the fight continued throughout house in Seattle, and set fire to 1 ,000 ping a U.S. Flag from his jacket and the nation, members of the Legion's tiny paper flags and a larger flag that burning it on the steps of the court- National Executive Committee met in had been ripped down from a nearby house. "If you love America, you Indianapolis for the 1989 Fall Meeting. postal office. Four were arrested and should burn the flag," he told reporters. Again, a special telephone bank was charged with violating the Flag Protec- Two weeks later, U.S. District Judge installed at National Headquarters and tion Act of 1989. June Green in Washington, D.C., dis- NECmen and other Department leaders Two days after the Seattle incident, missed charges against Tyler and his called their senators and urged them to three men were arrested for burning the two co-defendants, also ruling that the support S.J. Res. 180 calling for a flag U.S. Flag outside the U.S. Capitol. One Flag Protection Act of 1 989 was uncon- amendment. More than 800 telephone of those arrested was Scott Tyler, the stitutional. calls were made, and apparently had artist responsible for the infamous flag The decisions came as no surprise to some measurable effect: Although the exhibit at the Chicago Art Institute. the Legion and others. From the begin- measure had the majority vote of 5 1 -48 Nancy Kent, spokeswoman for the ning, the court had made it clear that it failed to garner the necessary two- trio, dared police officers to arrest the you either accord the U.S. Flag special thirds majority needed for passage. men. "Test your statute and take it back status through an amendment or you "I'm extremely disappointed by the to the Supreme Court," she taunted the impinge upon a citizen's right to free Senate action on the flag amendment," officers. When further questioned speech. Epling said. "The Flag Protection Act of about her views about the flag and the "Most in Congress are attorneys who

1 989 is a faulty bill which does nothing country, Kent replied, "I personally know the law very well," Epling said. for our flag. No federal law can overrule hate America." "They should've known that the Flag the Supreme Court, whose only author- Legionnaires continued their fight. Protection Act of 1989 would never ity is the Constitution. The new law will In December, a new publication of the hold up in court. Overturning Supreme be ruled unconstitutional if ever put to Americanism Commission, The Flag Court decision by legislative fiat just the judicial test." Earlier, Epling had Staff, made its debut and was distributed isn't possible." called on the White House to veto the to Flag Honor Guard committees The Flag Protection Act calls for an flag law. Bush refused to veto or sign throughout the country. Petitions were expedited review of the measure to the

AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE Supreme Court, bypassing the federal appellate-court system. The reason for the provision was to obtain the SENATE RES. 180 speediest review possible, which was promised by the law's supporters, if the Flag Protecti on Act was ruled Constitutional to Protect the U.S. Flag unconstitutional. House leaders, most Amendment notably some who didn't want the flag controversy to become a "political Vntp Momo ^tatp Vntp issue," filed the expedited review, asking rdl ly iNdl I it- O IcUt? i cii ly the Supreme Court to schedule argu- Heflin AL D Yes Baucus MT D No ments in October 1990. The maneuver Shelby AL D Yes Burns MT R Yes all but guaranteed the high bench would Murkowski AK R Yes Exon NE D Yes not render a decision until after Stevens AK R Yes Kerrey NE D No Nov. 6 — election day for all House DeConcini AZ D Yes Bryan NV D Yes members. McCain AZ R Yes Reid NV D Yes After this maneuver was discovered Bumpers AR D No Humphrey NH R No and the House its it debated options, Pryor AR D No Rudman NH R No voted to withdraw the petition and Cranston CA D No Bradley NJ D No refile, omitting the request for the Wilson CA R *Absent Lautenberg NJ D No October hearing. On March 30, the Armstrong CO R Yes Bingaman NM D No Supreme Court it announced would Wirth CO D No Domenici NM R Yes hear arguments on May 14 on the con- Dodd CT D No D'Amato NY R Yes stitutionality of the Flag Protection Act. Lieberman CT D No Moynihan NY D No A decision is not expected until late Biden DE D No Helms NC R Yes summer. Roth DE R Yes Sanford NC D No "Now there's no avoiding the inevita- Graham FL D No Burdick ND D Yes ble," Epling said. "The U.S. Flag will Mack FL R Yes Conrad ND D No be an issue congressmen will be forced Fowler GA D Yes Glenn OH D No to deal with in their re-election cam- Nunn GA D Yes Metzenbaum OH D No paigns this fall, if the Supreme Court Inouye HI D No Boren OK D No rules as expected. Matsunaga HI D No Nickles OK R Yes "I'm just a country boy from West McClure ID R Yes Hatfield OR R No Virginia and I don't see this as a politi- Symms ID R Yes Packwood OR R No cal issue," Epling continued. "There's Dixon IL D Yes Heinz PA R Yes nothing political about the U.S. Flag. IL Specter Simon D , No PA R No You either support protecting the flag or Coats IN R Yes Chafee Rl R No you don't. You either stand for an Lugar IN R Yes Peil Rl D No amendment, or stand for you doing Grassley IA R Yes Hollings SC D Yes nothing. I can guarantee you that no Harkin IA D No Thurmond SC R Yes congressman of mine will 'bravely do Dole KS R Yes Daschle SD D No nothing' and still get my vote come Kassebaum KS R Yes Pressler SD R Yes November, and Fm sure a lot of veter- Ford KY D Yes Gore TN D No ans feel as I do." McConnell KY R Yes Sasser TN D No year A has passed since the con- Breaux LA D Yes Bentsen TX D Yes troversial Texas v. Johnson ruling was Johnston LA D Yes Gramm TX R Yes handed down by the U.S. Supreme Cohen ME R No Garn UT R Yes Court. A federal law of dubious merit Mitchell ME D No Hatch UT n YpcICO was rushed through Congress and now Mikulski MD D No Jeffords VT R No faces relegation to the dustbin of his- Sarbanes MD D No Leahy VT D No tory, once the Supreme Court rules on Kennedy MA D No Robb VA D Yes the Flag Protection Act of 1989. Kerry MA D No Warner VA R Yes The only certain thing today is that Levin Ml D No Adams WA D No it's legal to set fire to or spit on Old Riegle Ml D No Gorton WA R No Glory, if you're making a political state- Boschwitz MN R Yes Byrd WV D Yes ment. And it's legal to drop the national Durenberger MN R No Rockefeller WV D Yes banner on the floor and encourage Cochran MS R Yes Kasten Wl R Yes others to trample it, if you dare call it Lott MS R Yes Kohl Wl D No art. Bond MO R Yes Simpson WY R Yes simple, carefully drawn A amend- Danforth MO R No Wallop WY R Yes ment that protects the U.S. Flag and nothing more can douse the flames of 'Senator Pete Wilson was not on the floor at the time of the vote. such misguided zealots forever.

AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE F-7 STAND BY OUR FLAG A VOICE OF REASON AND CLARITY IN AMERICA

T'S obvious why the tide be considered just another species of of flag-burning resentment THE CASE symbolic speech under the logical appli- seems highest among The cation of the rules that the court has American Legion," Okey HAS NOTHING TO DO developed in its interpretation of the Ifionu wrote in an article First Amendment in other contexts, this for the L.A. Times-Wash- case has an intangible dimension that ington Post Service. WITH DISACREEABLE makes those rules inapplicable. "People who lost friends, "A country's flag is a symbol of got maimed and barely IDEAS. IT INVOLVES more than 'nationhood and national escaped death defending their country unity.' It also signifies the ideas that know an unpatriotic act when they see DISACREEABLE CON- characterize the society that has chosen one," said Ifionu, referring to the that emblem as well as the special his- nationwide outcry of Legionnaires over DUCT THAT DIMINISHES tory that has animated the growth and recent acts of flag desecration. "Nations power of those ideas. The fleur-de-lis that have no Legionnaires should and the tricolor both symbolized invent them. They are among the best THE VALUE OF A 'nationhood and national unity,' but custodians of a nation's most cher- they had vastly different meanings. The ished ideals," said the visiting Nigerian NATIONAL ASSET/ message conveyed by some flags— the journalist. swastika, for example — may survive

Ifionu wrote the article after long after it has outlived its usefulness attending The American Legion as a symbol of regimented unity in a National Convention in Baltimore last held the law unconstitutional, based on particular nation. right year, where she witnessed Legionnaire the of free speech. "So it is with the American flag. It is after Legionnaire address the conven- Supreme Court Associate Justice more than a proud symbol of the cour- tion floor to voice disgust over recent John Paul Stevens wrote one of the age, the determination, and the gifts of acts of flag desecration and the U.S. dissenting opinions. Stevens, like nature that transformed 13 fledgling Supreme Court's ruling protecting such Legionnaires, believes that flag colonies into a world power. It is a acts. burning is wrong. In his dissenting symbol of freedom, of equal opportu- Ifionu saw the flames of indignation opinion he wrote: nity, of religious tolerance, and of good- in the eyes of every Legionnaire in will for other people who share our

Baltimore. Flag burning is wrong. To the Court analyzes this case, it aspirations. The symbol carries its mes- the Legion, it's a reprehensible act by Aspresents the question whether the sage to dissidents both at home and immature ingrates to draw attention to State of Texas, or indeed the federal abroad who may have no interest at all their warped sense of values. government, has the power to prohibit in our national unity or survival. Unfortunately, desecration of the the public desecration of the American "The value of the flag as a symbol

flag was upheld by the high court of the flag. The question is unique. In my cannot be measured. Even so, I have no

land on June 21 , 1989, when it ruled in judgment, rules that apply to a host of doubt that the interest in preserving that

Texas v. Johnson that f lag burning is a other symbols, such as state flags, value for the future is both significant form of political expression protected armbands, or various privately pro- and legitimate. Conceivably that value by the freedom of speech guarantees of moted emblems of political or com- will be enhanced by the court's conclu- the First Amendment. mercial identity, are not necessarily sion that our national commitment to By a 5-4 decision, the Supreme Court controlling. Even if flag burning could free expression is so strong that even

F-8 AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE The flag is a symbol of freedom, of equal opportu-

nity, of religious tolerance, and of good will for other peoples who share our

dreams. It also sends a message to our foes.

not a case in which the fact that 'it is the speaker's opinion that gives offense' provides a special 'reason for according

it constitutional protection.' The case has nothing to do with 'disagreeble

ideas. ' It involves disagreeable conduct that, in my opinion, diminishes the value of an important national asset. "The court is therefore quite wrong in blandly asserting that respondent 'was prosecuted for his expression of the United States as ultimate guarantor that an available, alternative mode of dissatisfaction with the policies of this of that freedom is without power to expression— including uttering words country, expression situated at the core prohibit the desecration of its unique critical of the flag— be employed. of our First Amendment values.' The

symbol. But I am unpersuaded. The "It is appropriate to emphasize cer- respondent was prosecuted because of creation of a federal right to post bul- tain propositions that are not implicated the method he chose to express his dis- letin boards and graffiti on the by this case. The statutory prohibition satisfaction with those policies. Had he Washington Monument might enlarge of flag desecration does not 'prescribe chosen to spray paint — or perhaps the market for free expression, but at a what shall be orthodox in politics, convey with a motion picture pro- cost I would not pay. Similarly, in my nationalism, religion, or other matters jector—his message of dissatisfaction considered judgment, sanctioning the of opinion or force citizens to confess on the facade of the Lincoln Memorial, public desecration of the flag will tar- by word or act their faith therein.' The there would be no question about the nish its value — both for those who statute does not compel any conduct or power of the government to prohibit his

cherish the ideas for which it waves and any profession of respect for any idea or means of expression. The prohibition for those who desire to don the robes of any symbol. would be supported by the legitimate

martyrdom by burning it. That tarnish "Nor does the statute violate 'the interest in preserving the quality of an is not justified by the trivial burden on government's paramount obligation of important national asset. Though the

free expression occasioned by requiring neutrality in its regulation of protected asset at stake in this case is intangible, communication.' The content of given its unique value, the same interest respondent's message has no relevance supports a prohibition on the desecra- whatsoever to the case. The concept of tion of the American flag. 'desecration' does not turn on the sub- "The ideas of liberty and equality stance of the message the actor intends have been an irresistible force in to convey, but rather on whether those motivating leaders like Patrick Henry, who view the act will take serious Susan B. Anthony and Abraham Lin- offense. Accordingly, one intending to coln, schoolteachers like Nathan Hale convey a message of respect for the flag and Booker T. Washington, the Philip-

by burning it in a public square might pine Scouts who fought at Bataan, and nonetheless be guilty of desecration if the soldiers who scaled the bluff at he knows that others— perhaps simply Omaha Beach. If those ideas are worth because they misperceive the intended fighting for— and our history demon-

message— will be seriously offended. strates that they are— it cannot be true Indeed, even if the actor knows that all that the flag that uniquely symbolizes possible witnesses will understand that their power is not itself worthy of pro- he intends to send a message of respect, tection from unnecessary desecration. he might still be guilty of desecration if "I respectfully dissent." FLAG HATER — Gregory L. Johnson he also knows that this understanding And according to a nationwide exercises his right to "freedom of speech." does not lessen the offense taken by Gallup poll conducted in July 1989, 95 some of those witnesses. Thus, this is percent of Americans dissent, too.

AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE F-9 T A N D BY HSOUR FLAB

nity to offer alternatives to the bill. We were never permitted a vote on a con- HOW CONGRESS STOLE stitutional amendment. On July 26, 1989, two days after this bill was printed, the chairman of the House Judiciary Committee took up the question of whether to adopt H.R. THE FLAG AMENDMENT 2978. On that day the ranking Republi- can on the subcommittee, Rep. James Sensenbrenner Jr. of Wisconsin, offered a constitutional amendment but was ruled out of order. The hearing had The House of Representatives never had the chance been advertised in good faith as "a hear- to vote on a constitutional amendment which ing on the statutory and constitutional responses to the Supreme Court deci- mostAmericans have said they would support. sion in Texas v. Johnson." In fact, the chairman of the subcommittee and the chairman of the full committee had made a decision to steal the flag amend- By Rep. Charles Douglas ment from us. On July 27, 1 too, offered a constitutional amendment, but the

committee refused to consider it. ANY of us remember As I said on July 27, "I think this the childhood game of committee does a disservice to the "Capturing the Flag." people and to the House, the people's Unfortunately for House, in denying the right to vote, America last summer, debate and exercise our First Amend- a group of grown men ment rights to talk about a constitu- and women played a tional amendment. It is odd to see the game that was tanta- First Amendment used as a prior mount to stealing the restraint against 435 people who will flag from the American people. now be unable to debate a constitu- After the Supreme Court struck tional amendment." down a Texas flag-protection statute, The clique then used its next par- Americans from all walks of life, and liamentary trick on the floor. The bill especially the 3.1 million members of was put on the Suspension Calendar, The American Legion, sought congres- which means that no amendments are sional action for an amendment to pro- permitted and the choice is merely to tect the flag from desecration. Under FLAG LOVER — New Hampshire Rep. suspend the rules and pass the bill, our system of government, the Con- Douglas filed a petition to force Con- which takes a two-thirds vote, or to not gress to vote on the amendment. stitution may be amended if two-thirds suspend the rules. The bill was brought of the House and Senate and three- up in a way where no amendments fourths of the 50 state legislatures could be offered. Members of the approve the amendment. heard support from constitutional House, on Sept. 12, passed a statute, By an overwhelming 70 percent, a scholars and the U.S. Justice Depart- rather than a constitutional amendment Gallup poll taken for The American ment for a constitutional amendment. because they had no alternative. The Legion concluded that the Constitution The proposed amendment, backed by amendment alternative was supported could be amended to protect the flag 160 Republicans and Democrats, is by virtually every veterans' group, the without infringing on First Amendment H.J. Res. 350. American people, the President and the liberties. However, this tremendous With the clear support of the Amer- Justice Department. But, ironically in

outpouring of support was stopped ican people and the President, one our democracy, it was never voted upon. dead in its tracks by a small congres- would think Congress would have acted In February, the federal court in Seat- sional clique that shut off debate on the to debate the three alternatives: amend- tle struck down the new flag protection floor of the House. ment, statute, or nothing. The Civil and law as being unconstitutional. The Within a month after the Supreme Constitutional Rights Subcommittee of Supreme Court will follow with the Court decision, the House Judiciary the House Judiciary Committee closed same decision, because a constitutional

Committee had before it three bills to its hearings on July 20 after five days of ruling of the court cannot be changed change the federal flag laws, in addition testimony. by a statute. to 38 different constitutional amend- The following Monday, H.R. 2978 We need to stop the games in Con- ments. This is the way the system is appeared, bearing a printing date of gress and get a vote on the amendment. supposed to work. The committee par- July 24. This bill had never been in front Write your congressmen and urge ticipated in five days of hearings in July of us. Those of us who participated in them to sign my petition to force a vote to consider the various proposals. We the hearings were not given the opportu- on H.J. Res. 350 and protect the flag.

F-10 AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE A Bec1rocI< PRiNciplE Of LJpiLi O la mm m mJm

It has been said that we shouldn't amend the U.S. Constitution to protect the flag. But the fact

is an amendment would restore the rights of the people without harming freedom of speech

siveness and fragmentation, which By Robert H. Bork makes all the more crucial the preserva- tion of the one symbol we share as an expression of our community, the HHP^H|| AM pleased to testify American flag. I at the invitation of this Two solutions have been proposed. H HH committee concerning the One is a statute, the other a constitu- H Hh proposals to restore tional amendment. If anything at all is to Congress and the to be accomplished, it must be by states the power to amendment. No statute will accomplish H HH prevent the physical anything other than delay. The choice 1 desecration of the before you is not between a statute and MmAmmSmt American flag. an amendment. The choice is between There is no need to begin with a tri- accomplishing nothing and an amend- bute to the flag. Reverence for the flag ment. If Chief Justice John Marshall's is the reason we are here. But it is not 1803 decision in Marbury v. Madison merely that Americans revere the flag means anything, it means you may not that makes this subject so important. If overturn a decision like this by statute. Only a constitutional amendment will Robert H. Bork testified before the be effective. Senate Judiciary Committee Aug. 2, 1989, It is repeatedly said that we should urging support of a constitutional amend- not tamper with the Constitution. But ROBERT H. BORK ment to protect the U.S. Flagfrom physical the fact is that the amendment would desecration. In his remarks, he addressed not alter, but rather would restore the the right to free speech under the First First Amendment to the Constitution. It Amendment and how that right would not a multitude of individuals are also to be is wholly unrealistic to suppose that bejeopardized by aflag-protection amend- a community, they must have symbols every decision of the Supreme Court, ment. Bork warned the committee that a by which they live, symbols that no matter how wrong, represents the mere flag-protection statute was doomed express their identity as a community. real Constitution. Texas v. Johnson is a to fail. His incisive testimony before the The United States is a large and increas- decision that probably no other

Senate committee is reprinted here in its ingly diverse and pluralistic society. In Supreme Court in our history would

entirety. that there is always the danger of divi- have reached. Given that fact, the con-

AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE F-11 "

OUR FLAG stitutional amendment before you spleen, was simply hatred of the United one supposes, the federal government would "tamper" not with the historic States. He was and is entirely free to or a state government could punish such Constitution, but with a decision that a hate the United States and to express actions as delivering a political message switch in just one vote would have his hatred in a hundred ways other than over television in obscenities, or express- caused to go the other way. by burning the flag. In fact, he and his ing a political viewpoint from a sound Johnson holds that flag burning is a fellow demonstrators did express their truck at two o'clock in the morning in a mode of expression protected by the hatred by chanting, "America, the red, residential neighborhood, or making a First Amendment's guarantee of the white, and blue, we spit on you," while point by engaging in indecent public freedom of speech. The majority's the flag burned. He was not prosecuted behavior. Yet if the rationale of the analysis, however, does not support that for that chant and no one suggests that Johnson decision were consistently conclusion. he could be. The First Amendment applied, none of these actions could be The first proposition relied upon by guarantees his freedom to speak in that prevented or punished. the five-Justice majority in Johnson manner. Under the Texas statute, Those are all powerful methods of was: "Ifthere is a bedrock principle under- Johnson was free to engage in any form expressing an attitude. Why does the lying the First Amendment, it is that govern- of rhetoric about the flag and the repub- First Amendment allow them to be ment may not prohibit the expression ofan lic it represents, to use any form of punished? Simply because the commu- idea simply because society finds the idea insulting words or gestures he cared to. nity finds them extremely offensive itself offensive or disagreeable. " The diffi- He was simply not free to desecrate the methods of making points that could be culty is that this "bedrock principle" flag physically. made in hundreds of other ways. Simply had no application to the question While the First Amendment allows because putting out of bounds a few before the court. The Texas statute in the expression of any opinion or emo- means of expression in no way question did not suppress any idea at tion, it has never been interpreted to threatens the American system of free- all. Johnson's idea, if it deserves to be allow any and all means of expressing dom of speech. called an idea rather than a venting of them. Even after the Johnson decision, We know that the physical desecration of the American flag is like the use of obscenities or of indecent behavior to express an idea. We know that because AMERICAN LEGION RES. 355 of the wave of public outrage that followed the Supreme Court's decision in at National Convention of The THE following resolution was passed the Johnson. We know that because forty- resolution is American Legion in Baltimore, Md., Sept. 5-7, 1989. The eight states and the United States had the consolidation of 32 resolutions from 30 Departments calling for a enacted laws prohibiting the physical constitutional amendment to protect the flag of the United States from desecration of the flag. desecration. The resolution passed without one dissenting vote. The other proposition upon which the Supreme Court majority rested fares WHEREAS, The Constitution of the WHEREAS, Protection of the flag of the no better. That proposition was the United States provides many readily avail- United States from desecration can only be able methods of expression which can be assured by the enactment of a constitutional familiar "slippery slope" argument. used as a form of protest; and amendment; and But there was no slippery slope here. WHEREAS, There exist federal and state WHEREAS, The American Legion The majority opinion stated: penal codes to protect the flag of the United spearheaded the development and adoption "To conclude that the government may States from desecration, and of the United States Flag Code and the permit designated symbols to be used to WHEREAS, The Supreme Court of the several laws enacted to protect the flag of United States, in Texas v. Johnson, decided communicate only a limited set of mes- the United States; now, therefore, be it that individual June 21 , 1989, ruled an sages would be to enter territory having no RESOLVED, By The American Legion in could not be prosecuted for desecrating the National Convention assembled in Balti- discernible or defensible boundaries. flag of the United States, as such an act was more, Maryland, September 5, 6, 7, 1989, Could the government, on this theory, constitutionally protected as a freedom of that The American Legion express its speech under the First Amendment to the prohibit the burning of state flags? Of unequivocable opposition to allowing United States Constitution; and copies the presidential seal? the desecration of the flag of the United States; of Of WHEREAS, This ruling establishes a In evaluating these choices and, be it further Constitution? precedent which may invalidate all existing under the First Ajnendment, how would we state and federal laws which have been RESOLVED, The American Legion enacted to protect the flag of the United encourage its members and all American decide which symbols were sufficiently through States from such malicious abuse and desec- citizens to wage a "positive protest" special to warrant this unique status? To do a petition drive in support of the adoption ration; and so, we would be forced to consult our own WHEREAS, Neither our Founding and ratification of a constitutional amend- political preferences, and impose them on Fathers, members of Congress and state ment, giving the Congress the power to enact legislation to protect the citizenry, in the very that the First legislators, nor any responsible person in narrowly drawn the way displaying the history of our republic, ever intended flag of the United States, and by Amendmentforbids us to do. the flag of the United States on a daily basis; that anybody should be allowed to desec- This argument is wide of the mark. rate and mutilate the very flag, which has and, be it finally The justices need not have consulted Stood as a beacon of hope to the oppressed RESOLVED, That The American Legion their political preferences to people of the world; and petition the governments of the United own WHEREAS. The flag of the United States States and the 50 states, seeking the adop- decide that the flag is a unique symbol is a living symbol of all our freedoms, tion and ratification of a constitutional any more than they need consult their morally obligating all responsible amendment giving the Congress the power citizens own preferences to decide that govern- in preserve, protect and venerate the flag of to enact narrowly drawn legislation to ment may punish indecent behavior. the United States; and protect the flag of the United Stales. The community's standards decide the

F-12 AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE HERE was no First Amendment problem with punishing the desecration of the flag.

ment absolutist. If those justices would have empowered the United States and the states to prohibit the desecration of the flag, we need have no fear of doing so. An amendment can bring us back to what the Constitution has always been understood to mean, but no statute can undo the harm caused by Texas v. Johnson. That is true for more than one reason. First, the Supreme Court looks to the legislative history of statutes to see if they are attempts to accomplish what the court's rulings prohibit. That means that by the very fact of holding these hearings the statute proposed is doomed. At this very moment, we are making a record that the proposed statute is designed to evade the Johnson ruling, and that is enough to guarantee the statute will be struck down. Second, when an act is done for the purpose of expression, a statute forbid-

ding that act will be upheld only if the government can point to what the court calls a "compelling governmental interest." What interest has the government in preventing the burning of the

flag? Only an interest in preventing its desecration, and the court said in the question for the court in both a copy of the Constitution, or the flag of Johnson decision itself that preventing instances, and there are objective New Jersey. The American people have desecration is not a compelling means for determining those standards. thus demonstrated through consistent interest. Mr. Johnson has formed an No other object even remotely resem- conduct over many years that the flag of emergency flag burning committee. He bles the flag as the symbol of our iden- the United States is a symbol different and others will defile the flag in a tity as a nation. Forty-eight states and from all others. hundred ways. When he burns his next the United States have not enacted sta- I have said that probably no previous flag, or does whatever else his perverse tutes prohibiting the burning of copies Supreme Court majority would have imagination may suggest, the courts of the Constitution. Copies of the Con- decided Texas v. Johnson as this one did. will strike down any statute you pass; stitution do not fly over public build- Chief Justice Earl Warren and Justices we will all be right back where we are ings and are not lowered to half mast Hugo Black and Abe Fortas all stated today. when a national leader dies. Nobody very forcefully that there was no First I urge your favorable consideration salutes the presidential seal. Nobody Amendment problem with punishing of an amendment that would restore the pledges allegiance to the presidential the desecration of the flag. Those were rights of the American community seal. Marines did not fight their way justices who were very protective of without harming in the slightest the across Iwo Jima and up Mount free speech. Indeed, Hugo Black freedom of speech that is central to all Suribachi to raise the presidential seal, described himself as a First Amend- other freedoms.

AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE F-13 PROUDLY DISPLAY THE UNITED STATES FLAG

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STAND BY III FLAG

The sooner the vote, the better. Many in Congress apparently think the Amer- ican people have a very short memory. They honestly believe that a mid-sum- nil n sj on mer vote will be forgotten in time for an early November election. We must not allow this blatant thwarting of the will of the American people to happen. The

time for action is now: • Encourage your state legislators to CHALLENGE adopt memorial resolutions, which urge Congress to send the constitutional amendment back to the states for ratification. • Continue with our petition drive CCORDING to the Gal- The third option — pass a narrowly calling for a constitutional amendment. lup Poll, which the The drawn constitutional amendment — was Every Post has blank copies of the peti- American Legion com- clearly the rational and most effective tion, or you can order them directly missioned in July 1989, choice. The Supreme Court, in its deci- from National Headquarters. 95 percent of the Ameri- sion, had cited the lack of special • Encourage your neighbors to join can people disagreed with protective status for the flag in the the Citizens Flag Honor Guard so they the Supreme Court's deci- Constitution. The court pointed the way will receive up-to-date information

sion in Texas v. Johnson. for the American people to resolve this about the campaign as well as a decal Virtually every one of us problem for all time. proclaim, "Stand By Our Flag." Any thought it was wrong that burning the Obviously, if legislation would work, donations sent to American Legion

U.S. Flag was being construed as the it was preferable to the onerous task of National Headquarters. CFHG, PO. exercise of free speech. The American amending the Constitution. Our con- Box 1817, Indianapolis, IN 46206- people want our flag protected, and stitutional experts persuaded us that it 1817 will help defray expenses and that's why 48 states, the District of would not work, so we spread the word even Columbia and the federal government pursued the sure course further. had laws in place outlawing flag dese- from the beginning. • Telephone, tele- cration. Now it appears cer- graph or write your con- All of them were struck down, of tain that the Supreme gressional Representa- course, by the high court's interpreta- Court will rule that the NO MORE tive and Senators urging tion of free political expression. "We, Flag Protection Act of hearings, no them to support a consti- the people" were then left with three 1989 is unconstitu- tutional amendment. • choices: tional. It would seem open debate . . Circulate informa- • Do nothing, thereby making flag that, since the people tion and petitions door just a desecration legal; have made it patently to door, urging friends • Enact legislation in an attempt to clear that we want the blitzkrieg and neighbors to make circumvent the ruling; or flag protected, Con- their voices heard. • Adopt and ratify a narrowly drawn gress would respond to vote. • Invite your Repre constitutional amendment conferring the ruling by passing sentative and the candi- special protective status to our flag. legislation enabling the date opposing him to After reviewing the options, The states to ratify the debate this issue or American Legion determined that the necessary constitutional explain what each first option — doing nothing — was amendment. would do to carry out unconscionable: too many brave men Don't bet on it! the will of the people. and women have sacrificed their lives Already those who supported the More information about how to do this is for what our flag stands for to allow idea of "bravely doing nothing," and being sent to Legion Posts nationwide. others to freely desecrate Old Glory who considered the people's demon- • Most important, no matter what and denigrate the value of these pat- strations of love of country and love of you do, please start now. Once this riots' lives. flag as nothing more than "an emo- issue heats up again, politicians will

The second option — enacting more tional orgy over a symbol," are drawing move quickly to give it short shrift, legislation — was palatable, but we up their plans to launch a blitzkrieg vote while counting on the memories of the believed futile. Never in our history has as soon as the court's decision is people being short. it been possible to overrule the Supreme handed down. No more hearings, no • Fly your flag proudly and encour- Court by legislative fiat. The court open debate, no consultation with the age every citizen and every business spoke and it seemed very unlikely that voters back home; just an immediate establishment to do likewise. yet another law, no matter how well vote. Of course, the vote will be fol- Even in this era of strange values and intentioned, could overcome the basic lowed by a well-orchestrated media growing apathy, there are still ideals conflict cited by the court — the right of campaign to ensure the people that and values woith fighting to preserve, free expression was paramount to the some fringe elements of society were and the United States Flag is one of need to protect the flag. making a mountain out of a molehill. them. Stand By Our Flag.

AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE F-15 F SIE8/ARMSTRONG ROBERTS

PLEDGE OF ALLEGIANCE

I pledge allegiance to the flag of the United States ofAmerica and to the Republic for which it stands, one Nation under God, indivisible, with liberty andjustice for all. Veterans update

louse and Senate Veterans' Affairs committees default rate was abnormally high. have submitted VA budget proposals for fiscal year 1991 that "That's just not the case," Hubbard said. "The overall would substantially increase medical spending. foreclosure rate is 5.04 percent for VA-backed loans. It's not The House committee recommended that the FY 1991 enough to justify the erosion of a benefit earned by honorable budget be increased $729 million more than the adminis- service in the armed forces. It's patently unfair to require that tration's request of $30.5 billion. The Senate committee all veterans make a 4 percent down payment when a relatively proposed $1.32 billion more in appropriations for VA small proportion of VA loans are a problem." programs. The administration also proposed changes in acquisition "Both committees have demonstrated a more realistic procedures of property on defaulted loans. Currently, the approach in the funding of important services for veterans," holder of a defaulted loan has the option to convey the said Charles Pesso, chairman of the Legion's Legislative property to VA only if the "net value" exceeds the total Commission. indebtedness, minus the amount of the guarantee— or if a Among the House committee's proposed spending: larger bid was made for the property as a minimum amount • $96 million more for contract nursing-home care. permitted under state law. Net value was defined as the fair • $69 million more and an additional 990 medical workers market value, less the cost of buying and disposing of the for VA outpatient clinics. property and related expenses. • $40 million more for VA medical research and an addi- Hubbard said VA is studying changes to federal regulations tional 1 ,000 employees. to allow for release or partial release of a debt before fore- The Senate budget proposal calls for: closure, applicable when the loan default is not because of • An additional $275.8 million for VA medical care. The fraud, misrepresentation or bad faith, and when the default is Senate version would increase funding for the treatment of beyond the control of the original veteran borrower. If these homeless veterans with AIDS and the veterans Homeless regulations are adopted, they will solve a long-standing Chronically Mentally 111 program, and restore VAs contract inequity exposed to Congress last September by Legion offi- nursing-home care. cials. • $300 million more for additional major medical construction, most of which would be used to replace the Palo Alto VA Medical Center, devastated by the October 1989 earthquake in northern California. To Stem the Shortage of health professionals in its • $50 million to fund an additional 550 staff positions for ranks, VA has launched a nationwide campaign to attract an expanded role in the treatment VA of AIDS. nurses, pharmacists and other medical specialists to its 172- Both committees rejected the administration's proposal to hospital network. increase the Loan Guaranty mortgage VA Home indemnity "Our goal is to attract those who do not know much about fee and a proposed 4 percent downpayment for VA loan VA or what we have to offer in the way of professional guaranties. growth, education and other benefits," said VA Secretary Edward Derwinski. VA currently employs 192,000 in the Veterans Health Services and Research Administration, which includes 37,000 registered nurses, 3,500 pharmacists,

Legislative proposals being considered on and 1 ,200 physical and occupational therapists. Capitol Hill would both weaken and improve VAs Home The year-long campaign is being advertised in major Loan Guaranty Program, an American Legion official newspapers and trade publications across the country and testified on Capitol Hill. emphasizes VAs historic mission of service to veterans, as "The most controversial is a plan to eliminate the program well as employment advantages of a VA career. for manufactured homes," James Hubbard, director of the VA long has been forced to compete against the more Economic Division, said during recent testimony before the lucrative private hospitals, which tend to offer higher salaries

House subcommittee on Housing and Memorial Affairs. and benefits. Currently, there is a national shortage of nurses, "This program originally was to help low-income, Vietnam- a problem especially acute at VA hospitals. era veterans. It now is mainly used by armed forces mem- One of the ways VA is working to attract more nurses and bers, because 50 percent or more of the loans are made to physical and occupational therapists is by offering scholar- active -duty personnel." ships. Awards are made to students in the final year of an VAs Inspector General reports the foreclosure rate on associate degree in nursing, third- and fourth-year students manufactured homes is 27 percent. "We find this rate totally in bachelor's and master's degree programs in nursing, and unacceptable," Hubbard said. "Unless some other method both therapy fields. for tightening underwriting standards can be developed, the Recipients receive tuition, education expenses and a Legion would not oppose termination of this program." monthly stipend of $621. In exchange, participants must However, one proposal affecting veterans' home loans is work as full-time registered nurses or therapists in a VA being adamantly opposed by the Legion. The administration medical center for one year for each year of scholarship is seeking legislation to require veterans to make a 4 percent support. down payment on any home loan of more than $25,000. The Additional information is available by calling VA at (202) Legion believes the requirement would be justified if the 233- 3652.

JUNE 1990 31 Your American legion

junior colleges are eligible for the loans. Depending on credit worthiness and financial needs, students may borrow $2,000 to $10,000 per academic year for up to five years. Announced to Legionnaires during the 1990 Washington Conference, the program began accepting applications ScholARship Program in the spring. INB National Bank earmarked $5 million to fund the loans, and United Student Aid Funds Inc. screens applicants, and administers and The Legion Option 4 Loan Program guarantees the loans. provides college-bound students with Borrowers have up to 15 years to repay loans and may choose a standard alternative sources of financing. repayment plan or a deferred-principal repayment plan. The rate of interest on these variable-interest-rate loans may not exceed 18 percent. Repayment usually begins within 45 days of dis- bursement, and a deferred-principal plan allows students to make interest- only payments while in school. "We hope that, through the combination of the loan program, Need A Lift? and the electronic search service, more students will be able to afford a college education and be able to make informed decisions about which college to attend," said Haynie. For 39 years, the Legion has published Need A Lift?, an inexpensive, yet comprehensive, scholarship listing. The latest edition of Need A Lift? offers an application for a low-cost, electronic scholarship search service, which provides students with a list of scholar- — Lift? scholarship hand- DIPLOMATS For nearly 40 years, the Legion's Need A ships, grants and loans for which they book has helped high-school graduates find many sources of tuition aid. may be eligible. Made possible through the Legion's long-standing relationship with National College Services Ltd., who have loans. Students from California to West the electronic scholarship search costs STUDENTSexhausted all regular Virginia can benefit from this pro- only $13, much less than comparable means of obtaining money gram." services. The search matches students' for college now have The American Legion/Option 4 Loan application information with scholar-

another place to turn, Program is the third link in The Amer- ship computer files to provide a list thanks to the initiative of ican Legion Education Assistance that's a time-saving and an inexpensive The American Legion. Program, which includes Need A Lift? alternative to other more-expensive but The Legion, INB Na- and a new low-cost electronic scholar- not necessarily up-to-date computer tional Bank, National ship search service. searches. Updated periodically during College Services Ltd. and Student Aid "The Legion now can offer students a the year, the National College Services Funds Inc. have established a nation- comprehensive, one-stop education data base offers hundreds of thousands wide program to provide loans to assistance program," said Dr. W. of scholarship listings. students who might otherwise be Firman Haynie, chairman of the "You could expect to pay $45 to $60 unable to afford a college education, Legion's Committee on Education. for a similar service," Haynie said. f unds are provided through the newly "The American Legion/Option 4 Loan To use the search, students must created American Legion/Option 4 Program should be considered an complete an application, which is Loan Program. alternative or supplement to traditional included in Need A Lift? or is avail- "The American Legion/Option 4 forms of financial assistance, such as able from The American Legion

Loan Program is unique," said Nat ' 1 parental aid, scholarships and grants." Americanism and Children & Youth Cmdr. Miles S. Epling. "There is no Students enrolled in, or accepted to, Division. The computer matches stu- other nationwide source for education four-year educational institutions or Please turn to page 54

AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE .

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Boy Scouts' Eagle Program Soars High

With Legion Help

- E G I O N youngsters in Scout troops, NAIRES long Cub Scout packs and Explorer have been strong posts. supporters of "The American Legion and the Boy Scouts Boy Scouts long have been of America and now have a partners in patriotism and new way to recognize youths promoting wholesome pro- who achieve Scouting's grams for young people," said highest honor. Gary Sammons, chairman of The Legion recently began the Americanism Commis- a special honor program for sion, which oversees Legion Freerman and boys attaining Eagle Scout. involvement in Scouting pro- PARTNERS— Indianapolis Scoutmaster Ed Nat'l Adjutant Robert Spanogle review Eagle program. A certificate of recognition grams. Delegates to the first is now available through Legion National Convention the Legion's Americanism in Minneapolis in 1919 and Children & Youth adopted a resolution to pro- $2,000 are awarded to first, provide food to the hungry. Division and can be awarded vide support to the Boy second and third-place run- The American Legion believes to any Eagle Scout in a Scouts. ners-up. these concerns are imporant, Legion-sponsored troop, and One of the better-known In a recent letter to Chief and we will pledge our sons or grandsons of Legion- ways the Legion has sup- Scout Executive Ben Love, resources to fight these prob- naires. ported Scouting has been congratulating BSA on its lems." For years, the Legion has through its scholarship fund 80th birthday, Nat'l Cmdr. For further information supported Scouting by spon- for college-bound Eagle Miles S. Epling reaffirmed about the recognition certi- soring troops, and many Scouts. Each year, an Amer- the Legion's commitment to ficate, write Scouting, Legionnaires have served as ican Legion Scout of the Year Scouting programs. "We Americanism and Children Scout leaders and program receives an $8,000 scholar- stand beside you in the fight & Youth Division, The assistants. Each year, Legion ship, awarded over a four-year to curb drug abuse, teen-age American Legion, P.O. Box Posts sponsor about 60,000 period. Scholarships of suicide, child abuse and to 1055, Indianapolis, IN 46206.

Children learn about citizens' Legion has undertaken such a Coloring Book Tells rights in this illustrated, easy- project. In 1987, the organiza- to-understand coloring book. tion produced a coloring book commemorating the bicenten- "The book can be enter- nial celebration of the Con- Bill Of Bights Story taining in many ways, but the stitution. goal is to educate children," The Bill of Rights Coloring said Dr. W. Firman Haynie, ANY young they now have the chance to Book is available through chairman of the Legion's people don't learn. National Emblem Sales, The National Committee on Edu- know the origin A coloring book about the American Legion, P.O. Box cation. "Anyone can learn of the rights first 10 amendments to the 1050, Indianapolis, IN 46206. from the book, but the tar- they enjoy be- Constitution, better known as Books can be purchased in geted group for the book is 7 cause of the U.S. Constitu- the Bill of Rights, has been lots of 100 for $15 or $100 per to 10 years of age." tion, but thanks to a new developed by the Legion's 1 ,000. The price includes

American Legion program, Americanism Commission. It isn't the first time the shipping.

"A AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE Legion news

renewed their member- Legionnaires Raise Money ships," said Post Cmdr. John Former Okla. Hyatt. "They were sad to see the Post burned down, and To Rebuild Fire-gutted Post they wanted to do something Adjutant Oies to help." Hyatt estimated the IKE the fabled Post members sifted through After Illness damage at more than phoenix that the charred remains to $200,000 and at press time, rises anew, recover the few items that the Post had demolished the ORMER Okla- C r i s p u s could be salvaged. L gutted remains and was homa Depart- Attucks Post 59 "It was quiet as it could planning to purchase ment Adjutant of Grand Rapids, Mich. , has be when I left that night," adjacent lots for expansion. C.J. Wright Jr., risen from the ashes after its said Post Finance Officer The Post already has 68, Ketchum, Post home burned down. Rich McGregory. "All we raised money for the Okla., died April 4 after a In November 1989, a could do was watch it burn." rebuilding by sponsoring a lengthy illness. blaze swept through the However, the Post's spirit jazz festival, featuring some A Navy veteran of World Post, and firefighters battled was rekindled in those ashes, of the state's best musicians. War II, Wright was adjutant the fire for two hours. When McGregory said. They then Donations from other Posts from 1970 to 1988. He was a the flames were snuffed out, began the arduous task of have also been received, 45-year member of Ketchum the 50-year-old, two-story rebuilding. "Since the fire, Hyatt said. Post 40, and served in several building was gutted. Many some of our former members The rebuilding plans have leadership positions in the been made at the homes of District, Department and Post 15 members; Howard T. National levels. He is sur- Summers, Post historian, has vived by his wife, Idella been keeping track of the Wright. extensive Burial was in the national William F. BETTER TIMES paperwork in his REFUNDS home. cemetery at Fort Gibson, "We're all working Okla. Memorial contributions FULL refunds are avail- together," said. be made to Claremore Lenker, Former able to Legionnaires Summers may and American Legion "We will have another Post Veterans Center, Claremore, Auxiliary members who home." Okla. subscribed to the defunct Better Times magazine in ILLIAM F. 1985. {Lenker, 66, Subscribers who have Sioux Falls, not already filed for Special Legion Detail S. D. , died claims should write to: Pays i March 20 after National Judge Advocate, a lengthy illness. The American Legion, Final Tribute To Veterans Lenker was Chairman of P.O. Box 1055, Indianap- the Legion's Veterans olis, IN 46206. Please Affairs and Rehabilitation enclose a copy of the can- ITH defense volunteered for the detail, Commission for 22 years. He celed check (front and budget cuts which includes a color guard stepped down from that back) and a copy of any seriously and rifle detachment. position last year, and the other correspondence or ; curtailing the Nat'l Cmdr. Miles S. National Executive documentation of the availability of Epling recently presented Committee appointed him subscription. military honor guards for each member of the funeral Chairman Emeritus last veterans' burials, Legion detail with National October. volunteer groups such as the Commander hat pins in A pilot assigned to the Northeast Oklahoma recognition of their service. 305th Bomb Group of the Commander of South Funeral Detail are "The detail's devotion to 8th Air Force during World Dakota in 1960, following in increasingly in demand. mutual helpfulness on behalf War II, Lenker was a 44-year the footsteps of his father, Last year the Oklahoma of veterans and their families member of Sioux Falls Post who served as Department contingent provided military in northeast Oklahoma 15, where he served as Post Commander in 1926. honors for 75 deceased certainly deserves Commander in 1951. He Lenker is survived by his veterans. About 60 emulation," Epling said. was elected Department wife Mary Ann. Legionnaires have

JUNE 1990 35 National Emblem Sales Presents Convention Decanter Legion 1990 American Depicts Legion Limited Edition Headquarters Commemorative Ceramic

in Celebration of the NLY 5,000 were cast and once they're gone, they're 72nd Annual American Legion gone forever. They appeal to collectors, and some O day may be worth hundreds National Convention of dollars. - - Indianapolis, Indiana August 24 30, 1990 They are the commemorative decanters of The American Legion's 72nd Final refinements are being made in this true COLLECTOR EDITION National Convention, which will be ceramic depiction of The American Legion National Headquarters held this August in Indianapolis, the

Building in Indianapolis, Indiana. Legionnaires and their families will hometown of The American Legion's be touring this landmark during National Convention festivities and this National Headquarters. The decanter is fashioned of the head- ceramic reproduction of the in the likeness quarters building. building will be a fitting "It seemed only fitting that the remembrance of Legion offer something entirely unique their visit. for this occasion," said Frank Johnston, 4Hh chairman of the Legion's Emblem Committee. "The historic significance of the building represents the growth of The American Legion. The decanter will serve as an excellent reminder to those who attended the 1990 convention." Completed in 1950, the current headquarters building at 700 N. Pennsylvania 90 C0l Ave. is occupied by the administrative offices of the National Commander, the Custom made * 3S"» National Adjutant and several Legion in the United States divisions, including Americanism, expressly for The American Legion, Children and Youth, Internal Affairs,

it will become a collector's item as no more than 5,000 will be made. Public Relations, Emblem Sales and The American Legion Magazine. ORDER NOW. Don't be disappointed. Just $25.95 each. This The building also is home of attractive souvenir will certainly sell out early. Combine friends' orders the National Library and Emil A. to economize on shipping charges. Just complete the coupon below, Blackmore Museum. enclose payment and mail to: National Emblem Sales, Dept. M690, The four-story structure is in the The American Legion, P.O. Box 1050, Indianapolis, IN 46206. heart of downtown Indianapolis over- * looking a spacious grass mall and the * cenotaph, which honors Indiana's war Name * dead. Across the mall is The American Legion National Auxiliary Headquar- Street ters and Department of Indiana Head- City State Zip quarters. Nearby, the august Indiana World War Memorial pays tribute to the Send Commemorative Ceramics $25.95 each. @ men and women from the Hoosier state (How many) * * who served in America's wars. Enclosed is my check or charge my: * Decanters can be purchased using VISA Master Charge Card # the order blank in the Emblem Sales . catalog, the order form on this page, or Shipping ft Handling Expires * writing a letter. The price is 1 $4 00 by simply 2 $5 00 $25.95 plus $3 for shipping. Remember, 3 $7 50 Signature 4 or more \M, (Hi there are only a limited number of commemorative decanters available. Shipments will begin approximately July 1. 1990. Add local sales tax where applicable. *

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Veterans alert

17th Airborne Div. Assn. (July-Washington) Edward Mundy, Box 642, Graham. NC 27253 (91 9) 226-5220 Siergiej, 62 Forty Acre Mtn. Rd., Danbury, CT 0681 54th Med. Bn. (WWII) (Sept-Canton, OH) Roy Hoekstra,

OUTFIT REUNIONS (203)748-3958 Rt. 1 , Box 32, Barnesville, MN 5651 4 (21 8) 493-4255 18th Coastal Arty (Aug-Celina, OH) Charles Justus, 58th Engr. Treadway Bridge Co. (July-Petersburg, WV) Outfit Reunion notices should be submitted on offical 625Yaronia Dr.. Columbus, OH 4321 4 (614) 268-2566 Richard Perry, Box 389, Lowell, OH 45744 (614) 896- forms. To obtain forms, send a self-addressed, stamped 20th Combat Engr. Assn. (Aug-Atlanta) Fred Miller, 19 3150 envelope to: O R. Form, The American Legion Townsend St., Fitchburg, MA01420 (508) 343-9165 60th Inf., 9th Div., Co. M (WWII) (Sept-Pidgeon Forge, Magazine, P.O. Box 1055, Indianapolis, IN 46206. 21st AVN Engrs. (Aug-Carlisle. PA) Calvin Eckert, 305 TN) Robert Bovanizer, 14 Sabre Park, Niagara Falls. Because of printing schedules, notices must be received Meadow Trl., Dillsburg, PA 1 701 9 (71 7) 766-651 NY 14304 (716) 297-6205 at least five months before reunions are held. Notices are 21st Evac. Hospital (Aug-Warsaw, IN)Tom McGrath, Rt. 60th Provost MP Det. (WWII) (Oct-Minneapolis) Elmer published on a first-come, first-served basis, only one 3, Box 940A, Knox, IN 46534 (21 9) 772-3597 Olson, 44 Maynard St., St Paul, MN 551 1 7 (61 2) 489- time per unit per year. 22nd General Hospital (Aug-Eugene, OR) Bettie 2891 Spurgeon, 57 Carthage, Eugene, OR 97404 (503) 60th Signal Rad. lntl./60 Sig. Svc. Co. (ASA) (Sept- 688-5294 Nashville, TN) Donald Woods. NE 263 Tahuya River 22nd QM Car Co. (Oct-Baltimore) Jennings Brinsfield, Dr., Tahuya, WA 98588 (206) 275-5304 3830 Spring Meadow Dr., Ellicott City, MD 21 043 (301 61st Signal Bn. (WWII) (Sept-Nashville, TN) William Army 461-5021 Johnson, 325 Lincoln Ave., Valparaiso, FL 32580 (904) 23rd Inf. Rgt., 2nd Inf. Div. Assn. (Korea) (July-Carlise, 678-4363 PA) Wally Woods, 1902 Buckthorn Ln., Reston, VA 62nd AAA, C Btry. (WWII) (Oct-Lake George, NY) E.F (Aug-Columbus, GA) Wayne Hair, 1st Cav. Oiv. Assn. 22901 (708) 860-4090 Snyder, 1 Cooper, Greenwich, NY 12834 (518) 692- 228- 302 N. Main, Copperas Cove, TX 76522 (817) 25th Div. Vets (S.A.S.C.) (Sept-Nashville, TN) Robert 7885 91 10 Muzzy, 809 Forston Dr.,Takoma Park, MD 2091 2 (301) 67th Field Hospital (Sept-Las Vegas) William Doeppe, (Aug-Springfield, IL) Clarence 1st MP Co. (1948-51) 434-0192 624 Brandy Creek Dr., Mechanicsville, VA 231 1 1 (804) Romig. 1503 E. Michigan Ave., Urbana, IL 61 801 (217) 26th Inf., 1st Div., K Co. (June-Pittsburgh) Pat Korff, 746-7144 367-7731 1165 Jefferson Rd., Pittsburgh, PA 15235 (412) 373- 69th Inf. Div. Assn. (Aug-Valley Forge, PA) Clarence 2nd Bn., 303rd Inf., 97th Div., Medics (Sept-Kansas 0839 Marshall, 101 Stephen St., New Kensington, PA 15068 City, MO) James Vossmer, 300 Mission Creek Dr., Box 27th Combat Engrs. (Oct-Levittown, PA) William (412)335-3224 422- 1 3483, Edwardsville, KS 661 1 3 (91 3) 5111 Simon, 4502 New Falls Rd., Levittown, PA19056(215) 69th Recon. Troop (Oct-New Orleans) Charlie Fox, Div. (Sept-Louisville. KY) 2nd Med. Bn., 9th Arm'd 547-231 2110 Spencer Rd., Silver Spring, MD 20910 (301 ) 585- Cletus Swanson, 1452 Nevada Ave., Minneapolis, MN 27th Div. Assn. (Oct-Anniston, AL) Joseph Nader, 125 6384

540-0725 1 476-781 55426 (612) Elliott Ave. , Yonkers. NY 0705 (914) 72nd Chem. Mtr. Bn., Co. C/560th AAA Bn., Co. C 3rd Arm'd Div. (WWII) (Sept-Reno, NV) Leroy Hanne- 27th Inf., 25th Div., Co. G (Sept-Eureka Springs, AR) (Sept-Albemarle, NC) Pete Whitley, Rt. 6, Box 714, man. Box 61 743, Phoenix, AZ 85082 (602) 840-0398 Bud Long, 1808 Jacobs, Ft. Smith, AR 72903 (501) Albemarle, NC 28001 (704)982-1272 3rd Chemical Mtr. Bn. (July-Atlanta) Quentin Unger. 646-9204 76th Inf. Div. Assn. (Oct-San Antonio) Elliott Cutler Jr., 6016 Torrey Pines Dr.. Ocala, FL 32672 (904) 624- 28th Inf. Div. Vets (Sept-Ft. Indiantown Gap. PA) 28th Jackson Ave., Rt. 2, Box 68, New Windsor, NY 12550 0937 Div. Heritage Assn., 14th & Calder Sts., Harrisburg, PA (914) 496-6808 3rd Oper. Signal Co. (Oct-Kerrville, TX)Thomas Gaden, 17103 (717) 787-7605 80th Gen. Hospital (WWII) (Oct-Raleigh, NC) George 404 N. Irving, Ponca City, OK 74601 (405) 765-8609 30th Signal Hv. Const. Bn. (Oct-Knoxville, TN) Kenneth Allred, Box 235, Bonlee, NC 2721 3 (91 9) 837-5883 3rd Ord. MM Co, (WWII) (Sept-Toledo, OH) Richard Swartz, 4717 Amherst Ave., Binghamton, NY 13903 81st Inf. Div. (WWII) (Aug-Chicago) Robert Schweihs, Heferle, 2321 Castlewood Dr., Toledo. OH 4361 3 (419) (607)723-1974 2842 S. Emerald Ave., Chicago, IL 60616 (312) 225- 472-2884 34th Gen. Hospital (Aug-La Crosse, Wl) Robert Sterner, 4062

3rd Ptn., 553rd Engr., B Co. (July-Estes Park, CO) Ray Box 1 27, Lansing, IA 521 51 (319) 538-41 96 83rd General Hospital (WWII) (Sept-Sarasota, FL) Lee 774-2452 Boudoin, Rt. 1 , Lake Arthur, LA 70549 (31 8) 34th Inf. Rgt., 24th Div., L Co. (Oct-Wheeling, WV) Fossen, 457 Magellan Dr., Sarasota, FL 34243 (813) 3rd Sq., 17th Air Cav. (Sept-Louisville. KY) Bobby Frank Reimel, 59 High St., Montrose, PA 18801 (717) 755-7646 Marcum, 835 Faulkner's Lane, Harrodsburg, KY40330 278-2356 85th Ord. Co. HMTK (July-Gunnison, CO) Paul Cowgill,

(606) 236-8065 35th Inf. Rgt., 25th Inf. Div., Co. L (Oct-Guntersville, 8 Phyllis Ln., Gunnison, CO 81 230 (303) 641 -1 1 31 5th Arm'd Div. (Midwest) (Sept-Lexington, NE) James AL) R.L. Roper, 140 Roper Rd., Hendersonville. NC 89th Div. Soc. (WWII) (Sept-Kansas City, MO) Leonard Burrell, 9245 N.W. Rochester Rd., Topeka, KS 66617 28739 (704) 692-2279 Schaefer, 3523 Haden Dr., Independence, MO 64055 (913)288-1534 35th TC (AAM) Co. (1952-55) (Aug-Atlanta) William (816)373-4722 6th Inf. Assn. (July-St. Louis) Paul Smil|anich, 4069 Dougherty, Box 9727, Atlanta, GA 3031 91st Chemical Mtr. Co. MTZ (June-Bremen, IN) Adam Green Park Rd.. St. Louis, MO 63125 (314) 544-3395 36th Cav. Recon., Troop C (WWII) (Sept-Memphis, TN) Repsher, Box 144, Stanhope. NJ 07874 (201) 347- 6th Inf. Div. Arty., HQ & HQ Btry. (WWII) (Sept- Henry Cothern, 3445 Northmoor Ave., Memphis, TN 1270

Cincinnati) Charles Stevens, 1 1 05 Rosetree Lane, 38128 (901)377-0256 94th Med. Gas Treatment Bn. (Aug-Asheville, NC) Cincinnati, OH 45230 (513) 232-1003 36th Spec. Serv. Co. (CBI) (Oct-Omaha, NE) Thomas James Anderson, 552 Conner Creek Dr., Fishers, IN 6th US Inf. Div. (Aug-Columbus, GA) William Ruf, 105 Hohanek, 2517 N. 56th St., Omaha, NE 68104 (402) 46038 (317) 842-4882 Walnut Dr., Enterprise, AL 36330 (205) 347-5547 553-8238 94th Signal Co. (Sept-Cincinnati) Norman Peterson,

7th Cav. Regt., H.M. Co. (1949-50) (Sept-Grand 37th Div. Vets Assn. (Aug-Columbus, OH) 37th Div. Vets 31 1 1 Formosa Ave., Orlando, FL 32804 (407) 898- Rapids, Ml) Jack Couch, 5144 15th Ave. S., Min- Assn., 65 S. Front St. Rm. 707, Columbus, OH 43215 6707 neapolis, MN 55417 (612) 822-6622 (614) 228-3788 95th Med. Gas Treat. Bn. (Aug-Peoria, IL) Walter Gantz, 7th Conv. Hospital (Sept-Pittsburgh) John Dayton, 37th Ord. Co. (WWII) (Oct-Cape May, NJ) Tony Gailes, 829 Palm St., Scranton. PA 18505 (717) 347-9354 1905 Menold Dr.. Allison Park, PA 15101 (412) 366- 481 Dawson Ave., Pittsburgh, PA 16202 (412) 734- 96th General Hospital (n.p.) (Oct-St. Louis) Louis 5726 3275 Taylor, 1402 S. Diamond Ave., Jacksonville. IL 62650 7th F.A. Assn. (Sept-New York) John Handy. 64 Benz St., 38th Engr. Rgt. (C) (Sept-Lancaster, PA) R.J. Prayer, (217)245-8056

Ansonia, CT 06401 (203) 735-751 1 137 Center Court, Harrisburg, PA 171 1 1 (717) 657- 99th/97th F.A., HQ Co., 8th Army (WWII) (Oct-Fallon, 9th Arm'd Div., 27th AIB (July-Rome, NY) Richard 2255 NV) William Humphries, Box 1102, Fallon, NV 89406

Ballou. 1 1 Wolcott St., Camden, NY 13316 (315) 245- 38th Ord. MM Co. (1941-45) (Sept-Aberdeen, MD) (702) 423-6601 2800 Derio Dalasta, 536 Daventry Rd., Berwyn, PA 19312 103rd Signal Co. (Aug-St. Louis) Paul Grant, 105 Oak 9th Arm'd Engr. Bn., 9th Arm'd Div. (Sept-Overland 38th Signal Bn. (WWII & 82-89) (Sept-Cherry Hill, NJ) St., Rutledge, MO 63563 (816) 883-5323 Park, KS) J.D. Shankel, 7212 W. 72nd St., Overland Bill Foiles, Box 5567, Columbia, SC 29250 (803) 771- 104th Combat Engr. Bn. (Sept-Nashville, TN) Stanley Park, KS 66204 (913) 722-0724 6208 Sagen, 2205 Weston St., LaCrosse, Wl 54601 (608) 9th Inf. Rgt. Manchu Assn. (July-Las Vegas) Ray 39th Replacement Bn. (Sept-Buffalo, NY) George 788-5073

Tarabusi, Box 1 186, Englewood, FL 34295 (813) 475- Zicaro, 30Tanglewood Dr., Lancaster, NY 14086(716) 106th Cav. (Sept-Chicago) Bob Person, 2 S 656 Kenil- 6063 684-3466 worth, Glen Ellyn, IL 60137 (708) 469-0835 9th Inf., 2nd Div., D Co. (June-Omaha, NE) Gerald 39th Signal Hv. Const. Bn. (WWII) (Sept-Ronkom- 106th Ord. Co. (1950-55) (Aug-Springfield, MO) Robert

Becker, 4658 Godfrey Rd.. Pompano Beach, FL33067 koma, NY) Frank Malassa, 77 E. End Ave., Hicksville, Weeks, Rt. 6, Box 1 35A, Rogers, AR 72756 (305) 753-8007 NY11801 (516)931-2843 107th AAA, B Btry. (Aug-Clinton, SC) Boyd Holtzclaw,

9th Ord. Bn. (Nov-Las Vegas) Jack Goodlive, 1810 40th Combat Engr. Assn. (Aug-Lakeland, FL) Iner 41 1 N. Broad St., Clinton, SC 29325 (803) 833-1069 Kenwood Dr., Orrville, OH 44667 (216) 682-6348 Swanson, Foxwood Lake Est., #565, 4444 US Hwy. 108th Inf., K Co. (WWII) (Oct-Hornell, NY) Lawrence 10th Arm'd Div. Assn. (Aug- Detroit) Samuel Murow, Bay 98N, Lakeland, FL 33809 (813) 858-9444 McCarthy, 335 Charles St.. Hornell, NY 14843 (607) Port, Ml 48720 (517) 656-3551 40th Tank Bn., 4th Inf. Div. (1951-53) (July-Gil- 324-3770

10th U.S. Inf. Assn. (Aug-Florence, KY) C.H. Willord, bertsville, KY) Edgar Parker, Rt. I, Sandoval, IL 62882 110th Inf. Regt., 28th Inf. DIv., Co. A (Korea) (Aug- St Ypsilanti, Ml 41 198 (313) 483-9801 Uniontown, PA) Jack Mcshane, Rt. 2, Box 71, Belle 1502 Melvine , (618)247-3111

11th Inf. Rgt. (Sept-Indianapolis) Lilly Torres, 8000 41st Inf. Div. Assn. (Sept-Portland, OR) Everet Fer- Vernon, PA 1 5012 (412) 929-B123 Indianapolis, IN 46256 (317) 849-3000 Portland, OR 97229 (503) 110th Inf. Rgt., 28th Div., Co. B (Korea) (Sept-New Sargent Rd , brache, 12990 N.W Sue,

1 2th USASA Fid. Sta. (Sept-Las Vegas) William Straka, 646-1625 Brighton, PA) Earle Esworthy, 1160 Elm St., Monaca, 43964 537- Edward Polanski, 1406 774-1522 1 203 Kennelworlh Ave , Toronto, OH (614) 43rd AVN DIv. (Aug-Niantic, CT) PA 15061 (412) Wallingford, 06492 (203) 269-4565 1 12th Cavalry (Midwest) (Sept-Joliet, IL) Lionel Carter, 2982 Durham Rd , CT 13th Arm'd DIv. (Ocl-Downers Grove, IL) James 44th Evac. Hospital (July-Rochester, NY) Joseph 1621 Cleveland St., Evanston, IL 60202 (708) 475- McAllister, 10354 S Talman. Chicago, IL 60655 (312) Brandt, 473 Sharon Dr., Rochester, NY 14626 (716) 8882 233-3672 225-0768 112th Evac. Hospital (WWII) (Oct-Greencastle. IN)

14th Inf. Rgt., 25th DIv. (1951-52) (Sept-Wabash, IN) 46th Engr. Const. Bn. (Sept-Springfield, IL) Marvin Paul Jackson, Rl. 1 . Box 364, Greencastle, IN 46135

I: i lii'/v/n ;m;"// Mnrisfonrj SI Wabash, IN46992 Hoot, 14929 E. 98th St. No., Owasso, OK 74055 (918) (317) 739-6522 (219)563-4296 272-8803 113rd Ord. Co. M.M. (Sepl-Denver) Ben Underwood, 14th Transportation Bn., 4th Div. (Late 50'8-Early 46th Signal Hvy. Const. Bn. (Aug-Harrisonburg, VA) 7903 E. Hampden Circle, Denver, CO 80237 (303) 60 s) (June-Niagara Falls. NY) Rudi Smith, 75 Leonard Wise. 4505 Hargrove Rd., Camp Springs, MD 773-2490

0401 1 729- Evac. Hospital (WWII) (Sepl-Dover, DE) Gilbert Hennessey Ave , Brunswick, ME (207) 20748 (301) 423-4221 114th 5630 50th Gon. Hospital (WWII) (Aug-Burlington, NC) Jim Quillen, 308 Samuel Paynter Dr., Dover, DE 19901

'if, AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE Veterans alert

(302) 734-7026 Keaster, 6425 13th St., Sacramento, CA 95831 314th Inf. 79th Div., Co. G (WWII) (Oct-Lake Ozark, 116th Engr., 41st Inf. Div.. NG (Sept-Boise, ID) Dick 165th Inf., 27th Div. (WWII) (Sept-Lafayette, IN) Gilbert MO) J.N. Matthews, 1 220 Major Dr., Jefferson City. MO Dooley, 1516 W. Hays St., Boise, ID 83702 (208) 343- Record, Rt. 4, Box 50, Frankfort, IN 46041 (317) 654- 65101 (314) 635-5887 1125 6295 314th Inf., Co. G, Weapons Platoon (June-St. Louis) 120th Ord. Co. (MM) (Oct-Pauls Valley, OK) Denzel 174th Field Arty Bn. (Nov-Sandusky, OH) Arthur Raymond Erickson, 2907 Highcrest Rd., Rockford, IL Williamson, 113 McClure, Pauls Valley, OK 73075 Sudbrink, 1830 Mills St., Sandusky, OH 44870 (419) 61107(815)398-3402 (405) 238-2136 625-9700 323rd Inf., 81st Div., B Co. (Sept-Killeen, TX) Wesley 121st QM Supply Co. (Nov-Hickory, NC) Larry Eckard, 179th Inf., 45th Div., Co. D (WWII & Korea) (Aug- Gotcher, 1305 East Ave G, Killen.TX 76541 Box 51 45, Hickory, NC 28603 (704) 256-6274 Norman, OK) Ray Wall, 8508 S. Ross Ave., Oklahoma 324th Inf. Rgt., 44th Div. (WWII) (Aug-Lanham, MD) 124th/154th Inf. Rgts., 31st Div., Service Co. (Nov-St. City, OK 73154 (405) 681-5945 Lawrence Hendricks, 2190 Sibley St., St. Charles, MO Augustine, FL) Joseph Wall, 3544 6th Ave.. Council 181st QM Dpt. Co., Supply (Nov-Hickory, NC) Larry 63301 (314) 724-4984 Bluffs, IA51501 (712) 323-5287 Eckard, Box 51 45, Hickory, NC 28603 (704) 256-6274 331st F.A. Bn., 86th Div., HQ Btry (Sept-Greensboro, 125th AAA Gun Bn. (July-Columbus, OH) Clarence 190th/200th F.A. Bns., 190th F.A. Grp. (July- York, PA) NC) Richard Behrends, 22 Forest Lake Rd.,

43213 Duttinger, 1 1 1 7801 (71 286- 299-9007 Vollmer, 940 Plum Ridge, Columbus, OH (614) Wes Box 1 , Sunbury, PA 7) Greensboro, NC 27407 (919) 866-2574 2708 335th Rgt., 84th Inf. Div., G Co. (Sept-Greers Ferry. AR) Jaffee, 127th AAA Gun Bn. (WWII) (Sept-Boston) Ted 191st Signal Repair Co. (Sept-Yarmouth, MA) Arthur Romie Cole, Rt. 1 , Box 92, Greers Ferry, AR 72067 32 Perrault Rd., Needham Hts., MA 021 94 (817) 444- Gallagher, 39 CedarCircle, Randolph, MA 02368(617) (501)825-7113 4540 963-3347 338th Inf., 85th Div., Co. E (Aug-Essington, PA) Walter

128th Inf., 32nd Div., Service Co. (Sept-Neillsville, Wl) 196th L.I.B. Assn. (Ohio) (Aug-Mansfield, OH) Dale Fife, 1 07 Seneca St., Lester, PA 1 9029 (215) 521-3646 Delbert Struble, Rt. 2, Box 75, Neillsville, Wl 54456 Flickinger, 332nd St., Rt. 95, Rt. 2, Jeromesville, OH 339th Inf. Rgt., 85th Div. (All units) (Aug-Louisville.

368-3861 1 1 (715) 743-2519 44840 (419) KY) Alfred Dunfee, Box 88A, Rt. , Chestertown, NY 129th AAA Gun Bn. (WWII) (Sept-Manitowoc, Wl) 197th AAA AW Bn. (Oct-Louisville, KY) William Case, 12817 (518) 494-4009 (41 394- Charles Bowe, 61 5 Calumet Ave. , Kiel, Wl 53042 4) 05151 St. Rt. 33A, St. Marys, OH 45885 (419) 345th Engrs., Co. F (Sept-Alma, AR) Clyde LaBorde, Rt

894-3402 4994 1 , Box 473. Alma, AR 72921 (501 ) 474-5959 130th Inf., 33rd Div., L Co. (Sept-Springfield, IL) R.T. 198th AAA AW Bn. (Sept-Louisville, KY) David 348th Ord. Dpt. Co. (Aug-Canton. OH) Ted Eichel- Gibson Jr., 512 2nd St., Elizabeth, PA 15037 (412) Dumeyer, 3231 Cawein Way, Louisville, KY 40220 berger, 318 N.Wood St., East Canton, OH 44730 (21 6) 384-4315 (502)451-4747 488-0205 131 st Truck Co. (Oct- York, PA) Harold Casper, 633 State 199th Light Inf. Bde., 1 2th Inf., 5th Bn, C&D Cos. (Aug- 355th Engr. G.S. Rgt. (Oct-Nashville, TN) John Geran, 562-7881 Washington) Steven Keiser, Rt. 2, Box 30A, Fordyce, Apt. Mill Villa, Rd., Lexington, St., Hamburg, PA 19506 (215) 101 , Clays 3345 Post KY 132nd Inf., Americal Div., Cannon Co. (WWII) (Oct- NE 68736 (402) 388-4945 40503 (606) 223-8064 Moline, IL) Alvin Wagner, 1856 53rd St., Moline, IL 202nd AAA AW Bn. (Sept-Hickory, NC) Elmer 356th AAA SLT Bn. (WWII) (Sept-Las Vegas) Elmer

61265(309)797-6385 Krebsbach, 3361 Lynne Ave., Flint, Ml 48506 (313) Peters, Box 1 44, Glidden, IA 51 443 (712) 659-3684 133rd Inf., 34th Div., Anti-tank Co. (WWII) (Sept-Sioux 736-5683 359th Engrs., F Co. (Sept-Evansville, IN) Raymond City, IA) Robert Burdick, Rt. 2, Box 218, Sioux City, IA 202nd Coastal Arty AA Rgt. (Sept-San Antonio) Roger Schroeder, 1001 N. Schroeber Ln., Evansville, IN 51106(712)276-6056 McCabe, 7400 Edgemere Blvd., El Paso, TX 79925 47712 (812) 985-2816 133rd Inf., 34th Div., B Co. (Aug-Waterloo, IA) Arthur (915)778-0632 361st Engr. Rgt. (SS) Assn. (Oct-St. Petersburg, FL) 50701 Bill Rt. Van Erem, 514 S. Hackett Rd , Waterloo. IA 203rd F.A. Bn. (Sept-Tulsa, OK) Cottingham, 1, Alfred Pierz, 8858 S. Albany Ave., Evergreen Park, IL (319)232-4841 Box 307, Big Cabin, OK 74332 (918) 782-3759 60642(312)424-1787 134th Inf., 35th Div. (Sept-Topeka, KS) James Graff, Rt. 204th QM Bn., Co. B (Sept-Skokie, IL) Edward Bender, 382nd AAA AW Bn. (Sept-Fond du Lac, Wl) Robert 1, Box 54, Middletown, IL 62666 (217)445-2570 2226 Central Rd.. Glenview, IL 60025 (708) 724-6859 Bump, Rt. 3, Box 92A, Fontana, Wl 53125 (414) 275- 134th Inf., 35th Div., Co. D (WWII) (July-North Platte, 216th Chem. Service Co. (Sept-Omaha, NE) Ardeen 5451 NE) Edward Supanchick, 214 S. Willow, North Platte, Zierott, Rt. 2, Box 74C, Hampton, NE 68843 (402) 725- 383rd Anti Tank Co., 96th Inf. (Sept-Bowling Green, NE 69101 (308)532-4061 3353 KY) Clay Joiner, 928 1/2 Elm St., Bowling Green, KY 138th Combat Engr. Bn. (Oct-Oklahoma City) James 231st Station Hospital (Oct-Asheville, NC)T.J. Howard, 42101 (502) 842-3878 Cutillo, 100 11th St. S., Brigantine, NJ 08203 (609) 571 5 Wadsworth Bypass, Arvada, CO 80002 (303) 386th Inf. Rgt., 97th Div., L Co. (Oct-Louisville, KY) 266-4445 423-0864 Gene Gray, 406 Lone Beech Rd., Monticello, IL 61856 141st Tank Bn. (Sept-Laramie, WY) Charles Cooper, 233rd Engr. (C) Bn. (Sept-Colorado Springs, CO) Art (217) 762-4596 2467 Overland Dr., Laramie, WY 82070 (307) 745- Charbonnel, 2891 Keystone Cir., Colorado Springs, 387th Rgt., 97th Div., M Co. (Oct-Chicago) Joseph 8275 CO 8091 8 (71 9) 593-7978 Majeski, 108 Cranford Ave., Linden, NJ 07036 (201) 141st/935th FA Bns. (Sept-New Orleans) E. Benezech 235th FAObserv. Bn. (Aug-Davenport, IA) Jack Barber, 486-2140 Jr., 1200 Friscoville Ave., Arabi, LA 70032 (504) 271- 504 Crestview Dr., Madison, Wl 5371 6 (608) 222-2705 389th AAA Bn. (WWII) (Sept-Charleston, SC) Wendell 5150 235th Gen. Hospital (Sept-Spokane, WA) William Irmer, Parrott, 2735 Hwy 15 S.. Sumter, SC 29150 (803) 481- 142nd F.A. Assn. (June-Fayetteville, AR) Gene Locklar, W. 5325 Lawton Rd., Spokane, WA 99204 (509) 624- 2456

Box 742, Little Rock, AR 72203 (501 ) 664-31 64 2056 389th F.A. Bn., 97th Div. (Sept-Cleveland) Bob Evans, 144th AAA AW Bn. (Korea) (Aug-Leroy, IL) Phillip Moss. 239th Combat Engrs. (Sept-Columbus, OH) Charles 30140 Barjode Rd., Willowick, OH 44095 (216) 944- Box 161 Leroy, IL 61 752 (309) 962-9274 Justus, 625 Yaronia Dr., Columbus, OH 43214 (614) 0962 148th Arm'd Signal Co. (Sept-Atlantic City, NJ) Thomas 268-2566 398th Regt., 100th Div., F Co. (Oct-Orlando, FL) Ralph Materazzo, 28 Halifax St., Jamaica Plain, MA 02130 244th/259th/633rd CA, 9th Rgt., NYNG (Sept-Virginia Johnson, 980 Whitmire Dr., Melbourne. FL 32935

(617) 524-7763 Beach, VA) Dick Baer, 71 1 E. 1 1th St., #8A. New York (407) 254-4722 148th Engr. Combat Bn. (WWII) (Oct-Washington, PA) City, NY 10009 (212) 677-3968 400th AAA (AW) Bn. (Sept-Kansas City, MO) Merlin Leroy Sten, 1396 Beech St. Ext., Washington, PA 251 st Station Hospital (Sept-Cleveland) Donald Sauer, Schmidt, 102 E. 6th St., Dell Rapids, SD 57022 (605)

15301 (412)225-9452 1 1 53 Old Rockside, Parma, OH 441 31 (21 6) 459-1 904 428-3103 148th F.A. Bn. (Sept-Boise, ID) Norman Polley, Box 25, 256th F.A. Bn., A/B/C/Sv/HQ Btrys. (Sept-Lockport, 409th Inf., 103rd Div., D Co. (Sept-Branson, MO) Ward Fruitland, ID 8361 9 (208) 452-4505 NY) Lester Merritt, 3880 Lockport Olcott Rd., Geier, 1010 S. Oak St., California, MO 65018 (314) 148 Inf. Rgt., 37th Div. (Aug-Port Clinton, OH) Florian Lockport, NY 14094 (716) 439-5875 796-2756

Podach, 1 1 568 W. Twp. Rd. 84, Fostoria, OH 44830 257th Ord. MM Co. (Sept-Marion, OH) Robert Farrell, 413th AAA Gun Bn. (Aug-San Antonio) Jack Post, 1 170 (419)435-6090 1900 Cheryl Ln., Frankfort, IN46041 (317)659-2419 Westmoreland, Ste. 308, El Paso, TX 79925 (915) 778- 1 48th Inf., 37th Div., Anti-Tank Co. (Aug-Defiance, OH) 279th Inf., Co. G (Sept-Bristow. OK) Louis Harding, Rt. 9411

Marion Crossland, Rt. 2, Napoleon, OH 43545 (419) 1 , Box 51 4, Bristow, OK 7401 0 (91 8) 367-9292 424th F.A. Bn. (Korea) (Sept-Indianapolis) Martin 762-5214 281st Engr. Combat Bn. Assn. (Sept-Asheville, NC) Logan, 1105 Ridge Rd., Carmel, IN 46032 (317) 846- IN) Gaffney, 29342 489- 151st Rgt., 38th Div. L Co. (WWII) (Aug-Terre Haute, Albert Cline, Box 501 , SC (803) 1244 James Truitt, 3507 College Ave., Terre Haute, IN 47803 6528 428th MPEG Co. (WWII) (Aug-Atlanta) John Burson, (812)235-2761 282nd F.A. Bn. (Aug-Cleveland) A. Hansen, Box 326, N. 544 Macedonia Ch. Rd., Oxford, GA 30267 (404) 786- 152nd Inf., 38th Div., L Co. (Aug-Warsaw, IN) Don Kreis, Royalton, OH 44133 (216) 582-2562 2219 Rt. 1, Box 249, Milford, IN 46542 (219)658-9319 284th Combat Engr. Bn. (Oct) George Kingston, 11 446th AAA AW Bn. (WWII) (Sept-Morton, MS) W.T.

152nd Station Hospital (Aug-Galion, OH) O.G. Neg- Morgan St., Newport, Rl 02840 (401 ) 846-2020 Tramel, Box 85. Raleigh, MS 391 53 (601 ) 782-4326 rete, 561 Kroft St., Galion, OH 44833 (41 9) 468-4378 289th Sig. Co., 4th E.S.B. (July-Tionesta, PA) John 456th Parachute F.A. Bn. (WWII) (Oct-Ft. Bragg, NC)

1 55th Inf., 31 st Div., E Co. (July-Cleveland, MS) George Stoneburg, 1900 Lanewood Ln., Plymouth, MN 55447 Herman Alley, 1 1 1 Ivanhoe Ln., Brownwood.TX 76801

Kelly, Box 369, Cleveland, MS 38732 (601 ) 843-8393 (612) 473-4567 (915) 643-2921 156th F.A. Bn., 44th Inf. Div. (Sept-Philadelphia) Ed 301st Ord. Rgt., 4th Bn., 976th Ord., N Co. (Sept-Ft. 463rd Ord. Evac. Co. (Oct-Frankenmuth, Ml) Ed Kubash, 4465 Red Arrow Hwy., Stevensville, Ml 49127 Worth, TX) E.E. Ray. 3809 Mmot, Ft. Worth, TX 76133 Nashatka, 4335 Regan Rd., Bay City. Ml 48706 (517) (616)429-3973 (817)292-6259 684-0191 157th Engr. (C) Bn. (WWII) (Aug-Lancaster, PA) Roland 301st Signal Oper. Bn. (WWII) (Sept-New Kensington, 465th F.A. Bn., A/B, Hvy. Arty. (WWII) (Oct-Hyannis, Clayton, 912 Log College Dr., Warminster, PA 18974 PA) Harold Hugan, Rt. 2, Torentum, PA 15084 (412) MA) Roy Johnson, Box 142, Southwick, MA 01077 (215)675-0752 224-4634 (413)569-6443 158th F.A. Bn., 45th Div., C Btry. (Korea) (June- 302nd Inf., 94th Div., L Co. (Oct-Canadensis, PA) 467th AW Bn., C Btry. (Oct-Amana, IA) Dal Estes, 115 Weatherford, OK) David Tautfest, 100-102 W. Main, Charles Misner, 216 Bombay Ave., Westerville, OH W.Torrance Ave., Pontiac. IL61764 (815) 842-1523 Weatherford, OK 73096 (405) 772-5581 43081 (614)891-4357 479th Amph. Trk Co., 1st Engr. Spec Bde. (Sept- 160th General Hospital (WWII) (Sept-Pittsburgh) 304th Inf. Assn., 76th Div. (Oct-San Antonio) Haig Nashville. TN) Arlie Bates. 1407 Stainback Ave..

Vittorio Zippi, 744 Sellers Ave., Jeannette, PA 1 5644 Bogosian, 109 State Sir PI., Red Bank, NJ 07701 (201) Nashville, TN 37207 (615) 262-01 59 (412) 523-4794 741-5958 485th QM Refrig. Co. (mbl) (Sept-Harrisburg, PA) 160th Inf., 40th Div., K Co. (WWII) (Sept-Tooele, UT) 304th Station Hospital (Sept-Meriden, CT) Frank Robert Klingeman, 222 Paxtang Ave., Harrisburg, PA

Tom Willis, 388 S. 4th St.. Tooele, UT 84074 (801 ) 882- Hordich, 1241 PinchotPI., Bronx, NY 10461 (212)829- 17111 (717)564-5267 0936 6085 494th AAA Gun Bn. (Sept-Hendersonville. NC) Robert 160th Inf., A Co. (Sept-Madison, Wl) Franklin Kempf, 306th Field Hosp. (Sept-Allentown, PA) Richard Miller, 222 Turtle Lane, Hendersonville, NC 28739 6083 Hwy. 60 E., Hartford, Wl 53027 (414)673-5516 Daugherty, Box 934, Eldridge, CA 95431 (707) 996- (704)693-8015 163rd AAA Bn., Btry B (Sept-Sacramento, CA) Charles 7714 Please turn page

JUNE 1990 39 1) 9 1 ,

Veterans alert

501st AAA Gun Bn., C Btry. (Sept-Greensburg, PA) 2148 951st/183rd FA Bns. (July-Boise, ID) Earl McLeod, Adam Coback, 404 Lee Dr.. Baltimore, MD 21228 632nd TD Bn., Recon Co. (WWII) (Oct-Lafayette, LA) 1 71 8 E. Ash, Caldwell. ID 83605 (707) 545-6242

(301)747-4604 Wilbert Conques, Rt. 1 , Box 90, Carencro, LA 70520 967th QM Service Co. (6th Engr. Spec. Bgde.) (Sept- 502nd AAA Bn. (Sept-Monroeville. PA) James Seibert, (318)896-6445 Richmond, VA) Donald Bloomquist, 8415 Pamela, 1310 Valley View Ave., Wheeling. WV 26003 (304) 242- 645th Engr. Combat Bn. (Sept-Pittsburgh) William Richmond, VA 23229 (804) 282-4678 5153 Berry Jr., 431 Enright Ct., Pittsburgh, PA 15206 (412) 971st Engr. Maint. Co. (WWII) (Aug-BelFair, WA) W D 503rd MP Bn., 3rd Army, Co. B (June-Portsmouth, NH) 363-3681 Campbell, E3520 Hwy. 302, BelFair, WA 98528 (206) Dennis Adusky, Elm Rd., Rt. 2, Box 729, Gatlinburg, 661st Tank Destroyer Bn. (Aug-Valley Forge, PA) 275-4313 TN 37738 (61 5) 436-5834 William Beswick, Box 576, West Point, VA 231 81 (804) 974th Engr. Maint. Co. (Aug-Berea, KY) Oneal LeMay. 504th AAA Gun Bn. (WWII) (Oct-South Bend, IN) 843-2696 1277 Fork Church Rd., Lancaster, KY 40444 (606) Robert Janssens, 2228 Parkview PI., South Bend, IN 692nd TD Bn. (Aug-Ragland, AL) Don Crawford, Rt. 2, 792-6061

46616(219)234-6117 Box 1 08, Millville, PA 1 7846 (71 7) 458-5343 977th Ord. Co., 301st Ord. Rgt., 4th Bn., O Co. (Sept- 505th MP Bn. (WWII) (Sept-Nashville, TN) Vincent 696/697th Engr. P.D. Cos. (Oct-Philadelphia) William Santa Fe, NM) Avery Sage, 6671 Plantation Way. Petringa, 55 Bradshaw St., Medford, MA 021 55 Trethewey, 5405 Cumberland Rd., Minneapolis, MN Cincinnati, OH 45224 (513) 522-1982

505th Parachute Inf. Rgt., I Co. (WWII) (Oct-Ft. Bragg, 55410 (612) 926-0531 989th F.A. Bn. (WWII) (Sept-Madison, IN) Freddy NC) Howard Melvin, 4208 St. Paul Way, #107, Con- 702nd Tank Bn. (Red Devils) (Sept-Hazelton, PA) Bennett, 147 Rigdon Rd., Aberdeen, MD 21001 cord, CA 9451 8 (415) 798-0379 George Kupetz, Rt. 1, Box 213, New Ringgold, PA 995th F.A. Bn. (Sept-Harrisburg, PA) John Wilson, 4475 509th Arm'd F.A. Bn. (Aug-Atlanta) William Hughes, 17960(717)943-2517 Winfield St., Harrisburg, PA 17109 (717) 545-1462 2409 Rhineland Ct., Atlanta, GA 30345 (404) 634- 709th Tank Bn. (WWII) (Oct-Lexington, KY) James 1284th Combat Engr. Bn. (WWII) (Oct-Bordentown, NJ)

8324 Rogers, 900 Outlook Ridge Ln., Villa Hills, KY 41017 Emilio Tirado, Rt. 1 , Box 37A, New Egypt, NJ 08533 509th Engr. (P-B) (Aug-Omaha, NE) Richard Trapp, 528 (606)331-4237 (609) 758-8331 S. 1 0th St., Geneva, NE 68361 (402) 759-3659 713th MP Bn. (WWII) (Oct-Saddle Brook, NJ) William 1589th HQ Service Unit (July-Indianapolis) Keith 509th Parachute Inf. Assn. (July-Washington) Charles Fegley, 104 Under Cliff Ct., Ridgewood, NJ 07450 Haase, 5520 Edlou Place, Indianapolis, IN 46226 Doyle, 20 Wharf Ln., Kingston, MA 02364 (607) 585- (201)444-2724 (317) 547-1280 2060 722nd Engr. Dpt. Co. (Sept-Clayton, NY) Robert Krug, 1651st Ord. Supply & Maint. Co. (AVN), 34th Air

510th Engr., Lt. Pontoon Co. (Sept-Conway, AR) 11 TacomaAve.. Buffalo, NY 14216 (716) 874-5732 Service Grp. (Sept- Hereford, TX) Burton Blair, Rt. 1,

Elwood Lenz, 9430 Metcalf PI., Milwaukee, Wl 53222 722nd Railway Oper. Bn. (Sept-Chattanooga, TN) Box 1 1 1 0. Valley Springs, SD 57068 (507) 755-6633

(414) 462-1120 Robert Seeley, 527 Gaines St., Elmira, NY 1 4904 (607) 1905th Engr. AVN Bn. (Aug-Decatur, IL) Gene Althoff, 516th Signal Corps (June-Branson, MO) Dow Duncan, 734-7782 676 W. Division St., Decatur, IL 62526 (21 7) 877-1958 Box 204, Boone, IA 50036 (515) 432-5657 727th Amph. Tractor Bn. (WWII) (Aug-Amarillo, TX) 3014th Ord. Assn. (Oct-Raleigh, NC) Harry Steward, 26

Billy 34-1 Ct. 1 519th Engr. Maint. (Sept-Independence, MO) Carl Pyeatt, Rt. 8, Box 2, Amarillo, TX 791 1 8 (806) Glenside , Buffalo, NY 4223 (71 6) 832-5406

Kilian, 1 84 S. Grace St., Lombard, IL 601 48 (31 2) 627- 622-0091 3062nd QM Bakery Co., Mbl. Spec. (Oct-Gatlinburg,

2652 733rd Engr. Dpt. Co. (Sept-Denver) Nick Biesecker, 420 TN) William Johnston, 1 103 Dodge St., Bedford, IA 524th MP Bn., C Co. (Sept-Hays, KS) Glenn Miller, 732 N. Chestnut St., Apt 406, Avalon, PA 15202 (412) 761- 50833(712)523-2723 3rd, WaKeeney, KS 67672 (913) 743-6347 5259 3482nd Ord. MAM Co. (WWII) (Aug-Santee, SC) O.T 529th F.A. Bn. (Aug-EI Paso, TX) Tommy Thompson, 736th Tank Bn. (Sept-San Diego) Marv Hollenbeak, Ardis, Box 362, Summerton, SC 291 48 (803) 485-4325 3503 Atlas Ave., El Paso. TX 79904 (91 5) 751 -8073 27776 Quiet Hollow Ln., Escondido, CA 92026 (619) CID Agents Assn. (Nov-Atlanta) Louise Head, 3613 F.A. Barber, Concord Ct. 529th Observ. Bn. (Sept-Madison, Wl) Jack 749-6961 , Augusta, G A 30906 (404) 798-0588 504 Crestview Dr., Madison, Wl 5371 6 (608) 222-2705 736th Tank Bn., A Co. (Aug-Seymour, IN) Richard Ft. Leavenworth Disciplinary Barracks (June-

535th QM Co. (S & R) (Sept-Tacoma, WA) Robert Steeb, Rt. 1 , Box 1 07A, Paris Crossing, IN 47270 (81 2) Leavenworth, KS) James Favreau, Rt. 1 , Box A1 Zurfluh, 10245 46th Ave. S.E., Olympia, WA 98503 873-6667 Easton, KS 66020 (206)459-7718 739th AAA Gun Bn. (WWII) (Sept-St. Louis) Robert Merrill's Marauders Assn. (Support Grps.) (Sept- 543rd EB&SR, Co.B (All amphib) (Oct-Poconos, PA) Hepps, 130Girard PI., Kirkwood, MO 631 22 (314) 965- Savannah, GA) Raymond Lyons, 11244 N. 33rd St., Tom Carmella, 39 Gold St., East Stroudsburg, PA 3948 Phoenix, AZ 85028 18301 (717)421-9997 754th F.A. Bn. (Oct-Las Vegas) R.A. Smith, 20740 W. O'Reilly Gen. Hospital (Sept-Springfield, MO) Ed

547th Engr. (C) Bn. (Aug-Tacoma. WA) Dan Allen, 91 1 343rd St., Wilmington, IL 60481 (815)476-6635 Harper, 3400 Magnolia Ave., St. Louis, MO 631 18 Forest Ave. S.W.,Tacoma, WA 98498 (206) 582-4649 760th F.A. Bn. (Oct-Tucson, AZ) Kenneth Spongberg, (314)772-9056 550th Signal Base Dpt. Co. (Sept-San Antonio) Louis 21 15 W. Window Rock Dr., Tucson, AZ 85745 (602) Rhin et Danube Assn. (WWII/France) (Oct-Montreal) Giordano, 32 Irving St., Old Tappan, NJ 07675 (201 624-0727 Don Seedborg, 1915 Cedar Ave., Long Beach, CA 664-6192 760th Tank Bn. (Sept-Knoxville, TN) Ray Keaton, Rt. 3, 90608(213)591-4075 F.A. DeFillipo, San Francisco Port of Embarkation, APO/V-Mail Sta. 557th Bn. (WWII) (Oct-Lynn, MA) Arman Box 51 . Tazewell. IN 37879 (61 5) 626-731 178 Ocean St., Lynn, MA 01 902 (617) 598-9291 769th MP Bn., A Co. (Oct-San Antonio) William Parrish, (June-Tulsa, OK) Max Doty, 5255 S. Irvington PL, 564th F.A. Bn., 71st Div., Btry B (Sept-Loveland, OH) 110 Beechwood Dr., Madison His., VA 24572 (804) Tulsa, OK74135 (918) 622-5384 Charles Fink, 10816 Schlottman Rd., Loveland. OH 929-8202 U.S. Armored Forces (Marines invited) (Nov-Ft. Myer, 45140 (513) 683-7839 772nd T.D. Bn. (Sept-Aberdeen, SD) Garland Johnson, VA) Duke Wolf, 210 E. Fairfax St., Apt. 500, Falls 565th AAA AW Bn. (Sept-St. Louis) George Harber, 110 E. 1st St. S., Melrose, MN 56352 (612) 256-4058 Church, VA 22046 (703) 532-0776 2781 Pierce Dr. No.. Macon, GA31204 775th Field Arty (WWII) (Sept-Louisville, KY) Marcus WAC Vets Assn. (Aug-Las Vegas) Martha Lamort, 1 340

574th/595th S.A.W. Bns. (Sept-Birmingham, AL) D.M. O'Hare, 60 Sheridan Ave., Ft. Thomas, KY 41 075 (606) Bayonne Ave.. Whiting, NJ 08759 (201 ) 350-81 76 Van DeVeer, 3454 Manor Ln. 204, Birmingham, AL 441- 3690 35209(205)879-4440 777th Tank Bn. (Aug-King of Prussia, PA) Vernon Wirth, 578th Engr. (C) Bn., 40th Inf. Div. (Sept-Torrance, CA) 8330 W. Concordia Ave., Milwaukee, Wl 53222 (414) Fred Wilkes, 22827 Elm Ave., Torrance, CA 90505 442- 9664 (213)325-0137 778th Engr. Petro. Dist. Co. (Aug-Minneapolis) Oliver 593rd EB&SR, HQ & HQ Co., Medics/A&B Cos. (WWII) Younger, 417 Greenvale Ave., Northfield, MN 55057 Navy (Sept-Overland, KS) John McGrath, 2239 Mary (507) 645-8407 Catherine Dr., Shively, KY 4021 6 (502) 448-31 18 786th E.P.D. Co. (Sept-Rapid City, SD) Howard Landy, 602nd F.A. Bn. Pk. (WWII) (Sept-Memphis, TN) A R. 705 8th St. N.W., Grand Rapids, MN 55744 (414) 452- 3rd Seabee Bn. (WWII) (Aug-St. Louis) Ray Flint, 1264

Keesee, 1 1 0 Ridgemonl Rd., Helena, AR 72342 (501 9133 Wilton Lane, Kirkwood, MO 631 22 (314)822-1229 338-8792 820th Tank Destroyer Bn. (Sept-Kissimmee, FL) 5th Spec. NCB (Sept-San Diego) H.L. Smallwood, 1038 605th Tank Destroyer Bn. (Sept-Findlay, OH) Larry George Verbeke, 16085 Veronica, E. Detroit, Ml 48021 Forest Ridge Dr., Newberry, SC 29108 (803) 276-0601 Montgomery, 120 E. 1st Ave., Plainwell, Ml 49080 (313) 779-8046 11th Spec. Seabees (Oct-Chattanooga, TN) Martha

(616) 685-8729 821st AVN Engrs, Co. A ( July-Streator, IL) Daniel Lee, 1 1 9 McFarland Ave., Chattanooga, TN 37405 609th Ord. Base Arm. Maint. Bn. (Sept-Colorado Schlecht, Box 413, Woodruff, Wl 54568 (715) 356- (615) 267-0264

Springs, CO) Paula Sheagley, Box 1 1 850, Pueblo, CO 3437 16th Seabee Assn. (Sept-Santa Rosa, CA) C.E. Platts. 81001 (719) 544-7878 822nd Tank Destroyer Bn. (Sept-San Antonio) Joseph 85007 Servis Berry Ln., Eugene, OR 97405 (503) 344- 609th T.D. Bn. (Sept-Wilmington, NC) George Funke, Tricomi, 119 Mill Creek Rd., Niles, OH 44446 (216) 3953

1 19th (Oct-Kiamesha Lake, NY) Herbert McCallen, 3260 Oakford Rd. , Trevose, PA 9047 652-1179 NCB 610th Tank Destroyer Bn. (Oct-Orlando, FL) George 838th Ord. Dpt. Co. (WWII) (Aug-Dayton, OH) Bernard 97 Lawrence Park Crest, Bronxville, NY 10707 Zicaro, 30Tanglewood Dr., Lancaster, NY 14086 (716) Kersting, 7912 Elmhurst Ave., Baltimore, MD 21234 26th NCB (Sept-Niagara Falls, NY) Harry Friedrich, 426- 684-3466 (301) 668-3569 3671 Mockingbird Ln., Dayton, OH 45430 (513) 611th Engr. L.T. Equip. Co. (Aug-Squim, WA) Art Paris, 2117 841st Engr. AVN Bn. (WWII) (Oct-Jackson, MS) M O. 877 Hendrickson Rd., Squim, WA 98382 (206) 683- 34th Special Seabees (June-Pittsburgh) W.H. Foster, Davis, 1644 E. Northside Dr., Jackson, MS 3921 2370 Dayna Way, Merced, CA 95340 723-2483 5297 (601)366-5317 (209) 611th Ord Bn., H&S/E/F/G/H Cos. (Sept-Lockport, NY) 41st Spec. Seabees (Sept-Colorado Springs, CO) Earl 842nd AVN Engr. Bn. ( Aug-Moundsville, WV) Steve Martin Zimmer, 427 Washburn St. 1 Buckingham, 3705 W. Floyd Ave., Denver, CO 80236 , Lockport, NY 4094 Nemeth, 50 5th St., McMechen, WV 26040 (304) 232- (716)433-5782 (303) 936-0596 7042 612th QM Bakery Bn., 156/1 57/1 58/1 59th Cos. (Sept- 50th NCB (Sept-Daytona Beach, FL) Robert Leathers, 853rd Engr. AVN Bn. (Sept-Huntington. WV) Charles Cincinnati) John Radenheimer, 2808 Sanhurst Dr., 116 Krest St.. Madera, CA 93637 (209) 661 -7128 Edwards, 151 Iroquois Trail, Ona, WV 25545 (304) Cincinnati, OH 45239 (513) 931-6042 62nd Seabees (Sept-Kansas City, MO) Veldemar 736-4042 1 IA 50439 495-6239 615th Ord. Bn. (Oct-Sandusky, OH) August Lombardo, Johanson, Box 91 , Goodell, (515) Ord. (Oct- Bush kill PA) Kenneth 861st (HAM) Co. , 38 W Chestnut St., Norwalk, OH 44857 (419) 668- 69th NCB (Oct-Cape May, NJ) Eric Arenberg, 1 04 Stone 15th St., Altoona, 943- 6605 Rhodes, 2800 PA 16601 (814) St. .Box 385, Stone Harbor. NJ 08247 (609) 368-2498 627th QM Refrlg. Co. (WWII) (Sept-Richmond, IN) Ed 0708 71st Seabees Assn. (Aug-Asheville, NC) Karl Crouch, Held, 1212 Linwood Ave., Columbus, OH 43206 (614) 864th Engr. Avn. Bn. (Sept-Seattle) Bob George, 1723 505 E. Main St.. Wallace, NC 28466 (919) 285-4203 443-2239 Beechwood Blvd., Marion, IN 46952 (317) 664-1086 96th NCB (Aug-Mobile, AL) Hazel Solarski, 139 631st Tank Destroyer Bn. (Oct-Jackson, MS) William 945th F.A. Bn. (Oct-Columbia, SC) George Buck, 726 Ravenhead, Houston, TX 77034 (713) 944-2305 Randolph, Box 700, Jackson, MS 39212 (601) 371- 50th St., Des Moines, IA 5031 2 (515) 255-4269 100th NCB (WWII) (Oct-Jackson, MS) Joe Wood, 501

40 AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE 1 , 9 96 7

Veterans alert

North St., Brandon, MS 39042 (601 ) 825-5433 UDT11 (WWII) (Nov-Ft. Pierce, FL) Billy Ferguson, 1213 Charles Hutson, 450 Clover Rd., Etters, PA 17319 107th Seabees (Sept-Long Beach, CA) Frank Rose, El Camino, Ponca City, OK 74604 (405) 765-71 1 (717) 938-3759

1 140F Arcadia Ave., Arcadia, CA91006 (818) 446- UNTC, Newport, Rl, Co. 51 (1950) (Sept-Gettysburg, USS Feland APA 11 (Sept-Gettysburg, PA) Sam Rice, 0409 PA) Roy Shoop, 108 Maple Lane, Watsontown, PA 238 Freeport Rd., Butler, PA 16001 (412) 287-1089 113th Seabees (Sept-Portland, OR) Gilbert Irps, 3156 17777 (717)538-1150 USS Fiske DE 143 (Aug-Baltimore) Robert White, 21

) 477-01 51 Waldron Rd., Kankakee, IL 60901 (815)937-9698 USN Base Hospital #18 (Guam) (Aug-South Bend, IN) Cross Trees Rd. . Bricktown, NJ 08723 (201 114th NCB/627th/628th/629th CBMUs (Sept- Kenneth Kelver, 419 N. Beach Rd., Osceola, IN 46561 USS Flint CL 97 (Sept-Denver) Robert Irwin, 1321 Bloomington, MN) Fred Smith, 9219 15th Ave., S. #1, (219) 674-8259 Maplewood Ave., Norfolk, VA 23503 (804) 587-1 840 Bloomington, MN 55425 (61 2) 881 -1 198 USS Albany CA 1 23/CG 1 0 (1 946-80) (Aug-Albany, NY) USS Frazier DD 607 Assn. (Sept-Norfolk, VA) Loren 115th Seabees (WWII) (Sept-Indianapolis) Edward Hilton Dana, 3799 S. Banana River Blvd. #3507, Troxel, 20236 23rd PI. N.W., Seattle, WA 98177 (206) Plummer, 5023 E. Naomi St., Indianapolis, IN 46203 Cocoa Beach, FL 32931 (407) 784-061 542-3612 (317)359-6990 USS Albert W. Grant DD 649 (Sept-Harrisburg, PA) USS Galveston CLG 3 (Sept-Nashville, TN) Edward

116th Seabees (Sept-Milwaukee) Albert Dearing, 3170 Arnold Olson, 416 E. Evergreen Rd., Lebanon, PA Kerner, Box 283, Norristown, PA 1 9404 N. 104th St., Wauwatosa, Wl 53222 (414) 258-8906 17042 USS Gendreau DE 639 (Aug-Baltimore) W. Price, 2006 (Sept-Atlantic City, NJ) Dr. Imperial, 63052 (31 464-5251 137th/139th/3rd Spec. Seabees USS Allen M. Sumner DD 692 (June-Rochester, NY) Winter Haven , MO 4) Robert O'Reilly, 23 Osborne Rd., Somers Point, NJ Joe Gall, 56 Amsterdam St., Tonawanda, NY 14150 USS George E. Badger DD 196/APD 33 (Oct- 08244(609)927-4616 (716)692-2697 Washington) William O'Donnell, 8805 Magnolia Dr.,

143rd NCB/ABCD (Aug-Pittsburgh) Walter Frenz, 131 USS Anderson DD411 (Sept-San Diego) James Lanham, MD 20706 (301 ) 552-31 75

Tanner Ave., Burlington, NJ 08016 (609) 386-6926 Anderson, 4754 Printwood Ct., San Diego, CA 921 1 USS Guadalcanal CVE 60 & DEs 133-1 34-1 35-1 49-665 ABSD No. 2 (WWII) (Sept-Wisconsin Dells, Wl) Thomas (619) 279-1678 (Sept-St. Louis) Jack Dutton, 5530 Winchelsea Dr., Tangney, 3961 Hwy G, Wisconsin Dells, Wl 53965 USS Andromeda AKA 15 (WWII) (Oct-Daytona Beach, Normandy, MO 63121 (314)522-3975 (608)253-3771 FL) Alex Ptasienski, 11 Maplewood Ave., Elmwood USS Hank DD 702 (Nov-Myrtle Beach, SC) Paul Zimmer,

Acorn 34 (Aug-San Antonio) William Sedon, 702 2nd St., Park, NJ 07407 (201 ) 797-2894 Box 858, Murrells Inlet, SC 29576 (803) 651 -9865

Donnellon, NJ 0881 2 (201 ) 968-2560 USS Anthedon AS 24 (Sept-Las Vegas) Joseph Gula, USS Helm DD 388 (Sept-Denver) William Brinkmeier, Acorn 7-Segi, Point & Emirau (Oct-San Antonio) Roy 4813 Lancewood Ave., Las Vegas, NV 891 10 (702) 6480 Field St., Arvada, CO 80004 (303) 423-6963 McBridge, 163 Highland Terr., League City, TX 77573 453-1481 USS Henley DD 391 (Aug-Appleton, Wl) Roy Anglen, (713)332-2680 USS Arizona Assn. (Dec-Tucson, AZ) H.F. Zobel, 4044 Box 3, Hume, IL 61 932 (21 7) 887-2372 American Battleship Assn. (Oct-Moscow, Russia) Loma Riviera Cir., San Diego, CA 921 10 (619) 222- USS Hilbert DE 742 (Oct-Boca Raton, FL) Anne McCar-

1 Diego, 921 1 thy, St. Tewksbury, 01876 658- David Graham, Box 1247, San CA 7758 26 Vernon , MA (508) (619) 271-6106 USS ATA 185 (Koka) (Sept-Orlando, FL) Thomas Flynn, 8894 AMMF's (La Guardia Field/1943) (Nov-Las Vegas) 821 3 S. Albany, Chicago IL 60652 (312) 436-051 USS Hinsdale APA 120 (Oct-Houston) J R. Foyt Sr.,

Leonard Pulsipher, 2328 Brady Ave., Las Vegas, NV USS Atamaha CVE 18 (Oct-San Antonio) Alex Saied, 1 61 4 Huge Oaks, Houston, TX 77055 (71 3) 465-6927 89101 (702)642-2803 Box 720, Childress, TX 79201 (81 7) 937-2314 USS Hoe SS 258 (Sept-Orlando, FL) Harry Flagg, 7003 Boat Pool 14(Emirau)/Boat Pool 15(Manus ls.)/SLCU USS Ault DD 698 (WWII) (Oct-Charleston, SC) Jim 23rd Ave. W., Bradenton, FL 34209 (813) 792-6916 18 (Oct) Earl Neagles, 71 97 Spring Hill Dr., Spring Hill, Clark, 4 N. Morgan Ave., Havertown, PA 19083 (215) USS Honolulu CL 48 (Oct-Omaha, NE) H E. Case, 5548 FL 34606 (904) 683-4380 789-6901 N. 61st., Omaha, NE 68104 (402) 571-6460 Bobcat Bn. (Seabees) (Sept-Lancaster, PA) Albert USS Baron DE I66 (Aug-Baltimore) Henry Pacheco, 69 USS Hope AH 7 (Sept-Nashville, TN) Rew Wilson, Box

Traugott, 274 Lysander Dr., Rochester, NY 1 4623 (71 6) Fox Hill Ave., Bristol, Rl 02809 (401 ) 253-8994 3613, Eureka, CA 95502 (707) 442-7744 359-3193 USS Begore APD 127 (Nov-Ft. Myers, FL) Earl Larose, USS Hopping DE 155/APD 51 (Sept-Providence, Rl) Carrier Air Grp. 2/VF 23/24/63/64/65 (Korea) (July- 19394 Sun Air Ct., N. Ft. Myers, FL 33903 (813) 543- Charles Buice, 1401 Leheigh Ct., Winston-Salem, NC Santa Rosa, CA) Raymond Andrews, Box 750786, 5341 27103(919)725-5694 Petaluma, CA 94975 (707) 763-5257 USS Bennington CV/CVA/CVS 20 (Sept-Norfolk, VA) USS Jaccard DE 355 (Sept-Lancaster, PA) Arden Koski, CBMU 508 (Later B Co., 85th NCB) (Oct-Las Vegas) Rupert Marshall, 6 McKee Ave., Monessen, PA 15062 3132 Baybriar Rd., Dundalk, MD 21222 (301) 284- Willard Allen, 5513 Eastern Ave., Las Vegas, NV89119 (412) 684-5732 1756 (702)736-3601 USS Birmingham CL 62 (Aug-Denver) Mary Jeffreys, USS James E. Craig DE 201 (Oct-St. Petersburg Beach,

CBMU 539 (Sept-Omaha, NE) James Smith, Box 4209, 1 22 John St., Chester, IL 62233 (61 8) 826-4432 FL) W.O. Easton, 10600 Village Dr., Unit 104D, St. Louis, MO 63163 (314) 534-8931 USS Bountiful AH 9 (Sept-Nashville, TN) Louis Keena, Seminole, FL 34642 (813) 398-2563 CBMU 594 (Sept-Indianapolis) George Beaman, 2619 Box 203. Hamilton, ND 58238 USS Jeffers DD 621/DMS 27 (Oct-Nashville, TN) Shakespeare Dr., Indianapolis, IN 46227 (317) 888- USS Brazos (Sept-Nashville, TN) Harold Crockett, Warren Hilton, 209 S. Hall St., Morrison, IL 61270 2147 Covey Ct., Alcoa, TN 37701 (615) 983-1 677 (815)772-2422 ComSer Div. 101 (Oct-Charleston, SC) Leo Bishop, Box USS Brinkley Bass DD 887 (Aug-Nashville, TN) Robert USS Johnston/USS Hoel (WWII) (Sept-St. Paul, MN) 300, Delaware Water Gap, PA 1 8327 (71 7) 424-5891 Shetsan, 347 W. Lee Side St., Glendora, CA91740 Joseph Check, 4420 Churchill St., Shoreview, MN NAS Opalocka, FL, Education Dept. (1944-46) (Oct- (818) 335-8040 55126(612)483-5962 Myrtle Beach, SC) Albert Markovich, 2802 Cleveland USS Bunker Hill CV 17 (Sept-Las Vegas) James Gager, USS Kitkun Bay CVE 71, VC 5/63/91 (WWII) (Sept-

St., McKeesport, PA 15132 (412) 678-7641 3760 Pecan Ln., Las Vegas, NV891 1 5 (702) 452-0763 Minneapolis) H A. Londeen, 61 12Crescent Dr., Edina, Lion Four Navy 3205 (Sept-Long Beach, CA) Hal USS Canfield DE 262 (Aug-Baltimore) Harry Detwiler, MN 55436 (612) 929-1918 Wenick, 4301 N. Ramsey Rd. A1-6, Coeur d'Alene, ID BoxO, La Platta, MD 20646 (301) 934-9167 USS LaGrange APA 124 (Nov-Orlando, FL) Stanley 83814 (208) 765-2608 USS Chase DE 158 (Sept-Chicago) Henry Sanders, 19 Paul, 230 Hamilton Ave., Bethlehem, PA 18017 (215) Sandy Hook, MIUW units, NJ (1945-89) (Summer) Bradford Dr., Salem, NH 03079 (603) 893-0451 866-2262 Patrick O'Brien, 58 Duchess Ct., Freehold, NJ 07728 USS Chepachet AO 78 (Aug) George Deming, 3123 USS Langley CVL 27 (Sept-Charleston. SC) A.

NAS "Twin Cities" Minnesota (Aug-Minneapolis) Kirk Anderson Ct., Clio, Ml 48420 Chagaris, 1 1 Bourn Ave., Hampton, NH 03842 (603) Johnson, 7325 14th Ave. S., Richfield, MN 55423 (612) USS Chevalier DD 451 (Oct) Kurt Bocian, 24853 96th 926-7545 866-7194 Ave. So., Kent, 98031 854-51 90 Latimer APA 152 (Sept-Topeka, KS) George #1 , WA (206) USS NAS New York (Marines included) (Oct-Las Vegas) G. USS Chilula ATF 1 53 (Oct-Winston-Salem, NC) Charles Heffel, 929 Court St., Clay Center, KS 67432 (913) Giacalone, Box 7687, Redlands, CA 92375 (71 4) 798- Buice, 1401 Leheigh Ct., Winston-Salem, NC 27103 632-3384 1871 (919) 725-5694 USS LCI (L) 702 (1944-45) (Sept-Jackson, WY) George NAS Widbey Island, Comm. Gang (1952-56) (Sept- USS Colorado BB 45 (Sept-San Antonio) Joe Ware, Rt. Soukup, 3810 S. 14th St., Omaha, NE 68107 (402)

Bremerton, WA) Joshua Cook, 5307 St., Hwy 303 N.E., 2, Box 1 01 A, Bertram, TX 78605 (51 2) 355-2273 733-4502 Lot 120, Bremerton, WA 98310 (206) 479-8074 USS Cross DE 448 (Aug-Nashville, TN) Paxton Cate, USS LCI (L) 732 (Sept-Norfolk, VA) James Faulkner, Box NATS Ferry Wing/VRF/VRS 1, ACU (Officers/Pilots) 4824 Cate Rd., Strawberry Plains, TN 37871 (615) 417, Mathews, VA23109 (804) 725-3600 (Oct-San Diego) James Thompson, 6760 Erin Cir. 933-5078 USS LCS (L) 111 (Sept-Norfolk, VA) Jack Cox, 621 Zephyrhills, FL 33541 (813) 788-6367 USS Crowley DE 303 (Sept-Cleveland) Steve Rajnicek, Mulberry St., Millville. NJ 08332 (609) 825-3387

Nav. Repair Unit 135 (Sydney, Australia/WWII) (July- 1 21 8 Ethel Ave., Lakewood, OH 44107 (216) 228-1 284 USS LCS (L) 128 (Aug-Charleston. SC) Bruno Campag- William Wise, Rt. Box Jasper, Harold nari, Rd., Olean, 14760 372- Jasper, AL) 3, 491 , AL USS Dawson A PA 79 (Sept-Emporia, KS) 1809 Dugan NY (716) 35501 (205) 384-5258 Prochaska, Rt. 3, Box 132, Dunlap, KS 66848 (316) 1780 NavSecGruAct, Kamiseya, Japan (Admin) (1962-69) 787-2227 USS Leon APA 48 (WWII) (Oct-Annapolis, MD) Sam

(Aug-Myrtle Beach, SC) Gus Leinbohm, Box 4192, USS Decker DE 47 (Aug-Baltimore) Harry Kolanko, Seidel, Box 1 08, Salisbury, MD 21 801 (301 ) 742-51 32 Albany, NY 1 2204 (518) 869-8260 2311 Cassidy Dr., Bethel Park, PA 15102 (412) 833- USS Lewis DE 535 (Sept-Albuquerque. NM) Elmer Navy Fire-Fighters, F Assn. (Sept-Omaha, NE) Bruno 3948 Sailer, 1507 Rockwood Dr., Alamogordo, NM 88310 Schleuter, Box 214, Valentine, NE 69201 (402) 376- USS DeLong DE 684 (Oct-Orlando, FL) Joseph (505) 434-2921 (WWII) (Sept-Gatlinburg, TN) Edwin 2085 Sapolosky, 42 William St., E. Hartford, CT 061 08 (203) USS LSM 202 Navy Hurricane Hunters (Oct-Pensacola, FL) Hur- 528-6131 Gloer, 1518 Hickory St., Fremont, OH 43420 (419) ricane Hunters, Inc., 2818 Cedarcrest Dr., Orange 332-2717 USS Dyson Assn. (Oct-Omaha, NE) E.B. Fulkerson, Rt. Park, FL 32073 (904) 264-6078 USS LSM 220 (June-Norfolk, VA) John Mastandrea, Rt. 14, Box 182, Johnson City.TN 37615 (615) 282-1236 Navy Seabee Veterans of America (Aug-Sarasota. FL) 4, Hafler Rd., Bethlehem, PA 18015 (215) 838-7161 USS Edgar G. Chase DE 16 (Sept-San Francisco) Elmo Eugene Owens, 391 Bucknell Rd., Venice, FL 34293 USS LSM 24 (Aug-Long Beach, CA) Thomas Miller, 549 Allen, 5125 Old Canton Rd., #205, Jackson, MS (513)493-2660 Hart St., Orange, CA 92667 (714) 532-1 125 39211 (601)956-7255 NMCB-74 (Vietnam) (Nov-Gulfport, MS) Tom Egan, 440 USS LSM 444 (June-Norfolk, VA) Virgil Martin, 410 USS Elokomin AO 55 (Oct-Mystic, CT) Angelo Trippy, 6th Ave. , Pleasant Grove, AL 351 27 (205) 744-9702 Valerie Ct., Essexville, Ml 48732 Creek Rd., No. Tonawanda, NY Seabees (Sept-Evansville, IN) William Baechle, Station 5425 Tonawanda USS LST 1026 (Sept-Hyannis, MA) Ralph Edwards, 424 11420(716)625-6112 B, Box 61 84, Evansville, IN 4771 2 (81 2) 422-4960 Commerce Rd., Barnstable, MA 02630 (508) 362- Submarine Rescue Vessels (Oct-Pensacola, FL) Pete USS English DD 696 (1945-55) (July-Norfolk, VA) 9778 Poisson, 1500 3rd Ave., #33, Chula Vista, CA 92011 Warren Butman, 6 Cherry Ave., Falconer, NY 14733 USS LST 1091 (Sept-New Orleans) Charles Cooley, Box (619)426-9893 USS Everett F. Larson DD 830 (Aug-Fall River, MA) 358, Boaz, AL 35937 (205) 593-3802 Tin Can Sailors (NC) (Sept-Wilmington, NC) Richard Robert Whyte, 91 Marion St.. Scituate, MA 02066 USS LST 125 (Sept-St. Louis) Robert French, 9974 Post, 3410 Bethel Rd., Wilmington, 28409 (617) 545-9322 Dr. Streetsboro, 44241 626-3581 NC (919) Dolores , OH (21 6) 395-0918 USS Fairview EPCER 850 (Sept-Harrisburg, PA) Please turn page

JUNE 1990 41 7 9 45 5 ) ,

Veterans alert

USS LST 171 (Oct-Hagerstown, MD) Huber Bock Jr., Dominic Aliberti, 335 Aura Rd., Clayton, NJ 08312 Hoffman, 35444 Ave. "H", Yucaipa, CA 92399 (714) 1751 Preston Rd., Hagerstown, MD 21740 (301) 739- (609)881-0262 795-5318 8462 USS Raleigh CL 7 (Aug-Everett, WA) William Norton, VB-108 (Oct-San Antonio) Floyd Harrison, 7359 Haven- USS LST 357 (Oct-St. Louis) George Wiley, 2057 61 24 S. Cultus Bay Rd., Clinton, WA 98236 (206) 321 - brook Dr., San Antonio, TX 78227 (512) 673-81 63

Cambridge Ave., College Park, GA 30337 (404) 767- 5703 VC 42 (Oct-San Diego) Daniel Partain, 1 5075 Valley 5705 Razorbac* USS SS 394 (WWII) (Sept-Orlando, Vista Blvd , Sherman FL) . Oaks, CA 91 403 (81 8) 995-3974 USS LST 49 Assn. (Oct-Charleston, SC) Frank Reeves, George Atkinson, 4835 Key Madeira Dr., Titusville, FL VC 7/31 (Sept-Clarksville, IN) G.C. Bandy. Box 944, Rt. 4, Box 1 300, Ava, MO 65608 (41 7) 683-2440 32780 (407) 269-5955 Delta Junction, AK 99737 (907) 895-4536 USS LST 498 (Oct-Jacksonville Beach, FL) L.W. Brown, USS Reeves DE 156/APD 52 (Sept-Denver) Richard Vietnam Brown Water Navy (Operation Gamewarden)

Box 26, Starkville, MS 39759 (601 ) 323-41 26 Koster, Box 354, Cawker City, KS 67430 (913) 781- (Aug-Charleston, SC) Dave Crockett, Box 5523, USS LST582 (Sept-Nashville, TN) Ed Novak, 2904 Hiss 4486 Virginia Beach, VA 23455 (804) 397-8967

Ave., Baltimore, MD 21234 (301 ) 665-5953 USS Renshaw DD/DDE 499 (Sept-New Bern, NC) R.C. VP 24/VA(HM) 13/VPHL 4/VPB 104 (BATMEN) (Oct- USS LST 610 (Oct-Reno, NV) Gordon Wahlberg, 17881 Harrell Jr., Rt. 2, Box 240, Mt. Olive, NC 28365 (919) Patuxent River. MD) J.L. Burke, 106 Red Oak Rd., Silver Pine Dr., Penn Valley, CA 95946 (916) 432-3894 658-9239 Lexington Park, MD 20653

USS LST 688 ( Aug-St. Louis) Carl Knauff, 1 399 Salem USS Ringgold DD 500 (Oct-Tampa, FL) Henry Higgin- VP/VPB 146 (Sept-San Antonio) Harry Haines Jr., Box

St., Aurora, CO 8001 1 (303) 366-3321 botham, 623 Westover St., Tampa, FL 33803 (813) 29, Monmouth, ME 04259 (207) 933-4519 USS LST 757 (Oct-Nashville, TN) John Stephens, 658 646-6485 VP/VPB 54 (1 942-45) (Oct-Pensacola, FL) R.A. Teubert, Cumberland Hills Dr., Hendersonville, TN 37075 (615) USS Ringness APD 100 (Oct-Norfolk, VA) John Korba, 20462 Running Spring Ln., Huntington Beach, CA 822-1675 1449 Lakeside Rd., Virginia Beach, VA 23455 (804) 92646(714)962-0076 USS LST859 (July-Vincennes, IN) Lee Hunter, 2 Pin Oak 464-1394 VPB 127 (Aug-Washington) Terrance Gilroy, 32 Smith Dr., Vincennes, IN 47591 (812) 882-2943 USS Rockingham APA 229 (Aug-Louisville, KY) Hugh St., Dannemora, NY 12929 (518) 492-7581 USS LST 883 (Sept-St. Paul, MN) Marvin Odell, 3116 Sellers. Rt. 2, Box 141, Dixon, KY 42409 (502) 639- VPB 151 (WWII) (Sept-Minneapolis) Ross Shadinger, 4804 W. 60th St. Oakdale Dr.. St. Paul, MN 551 1 5 (61 2) 777-2893 5182 , Edina, MN 55424 (61 2) 927-8991 USS LST 888/LCT 1414 (Sept-Phoenix, AZ) E.P. Terry, USS Russell DD 414 (Sept-Charleston, SC) W. VS 55 (Sept-Dayton, OH) Bob Croman, 5014 Elberta

1452 Ardenview Dr., Arden Hills, MN 551 12 (612) 633- Singleterry, 4544 62nd St. , San Diego, CA 921 1 5 (61 9) Ave., Canton, OH 44709 (216) 494-0673 1305 582-1337 VX 2 Air Unit (June-Traverse City, Ml) Gary Henderson, USS LST 910 (Sept-St Louis) Edward Simmons, 54 USS Saginaw Bay, CVE 82, VC 78/88 (Oct-Charleston, 610 W. 13 Mile Rd., Madison Heights, Ml 48071 (313) Dandy Dr., Cos Cob, CT 06807 SC) Earl Homman, 4220 Old Mill Rd., Lancaster, OH 589-3943 USS LST 943/968 (Sept-St. Louis) Jerry Bizefski, W- 43130 (614) 654-1651 4416 Cty. Hwy. X, Wausaukee, Wl 54177 (715) 732- USS Salem CA 139 (Marines included) (Sept-Norfolk, 6084 VA) Robert Daniels, Box 34303, Indianapolis, IN USS M.L. Abele DD 733 (Sept-Bloomington, MN) 46234 (317)271-6850 William Army Air Forces Richardson, 541 7 Grand Ave. S., Minneapolis, USS Salisbury Sound AV 13 (July-New Orleans) Paul MN 55419 (612) 825-8661 Punzo, 3512 Summerset Dr., New Orleans, LA 701 31 USS Manatee AO 58 (Oct-Pocono Mts. PA) Jack Werner, USS Samaritan AH 10 (Sept-Nashville, TN) James 5th Station Hospital (June-St. Louis) W.H. Seabock. 1622 Tremont St., Allentown, PA 18102 (215) 434- Wilhoit, 107 S. Cherokee Ave., Clinton, MO 64735 Ave. N.E., Hickory, 9244 USS San Francisco CA 38 (Aug-Reno, NV) Ed Wittier, 21029th NC 28601 (704)324-6464 6th A.R.U.F. (Aug-Cincinnati) William Blockley. 301 USS Manlove DE 36 (Sept-San Jose, CA) J.T. Box 5206, Clearlake, CA 95422 (707) 994-1 61 Yuma Ct., Boulder City, NV89005 (702) 293-5676 Richardson, Rt. R, Box 5626. Corning, CA96021 (916) USS Saranac AO 74 (Aug-San Antonio) Henry 6th Troop Carrier Bill 585-2480 Almaguer, 2174 Waverly, San Antonio, TX 78228 (512) Sq. (1942-45) (Sept-Dayton. OH) USS Mansfield DD 728 (Oct-Charleston, SC) Robert 435-4728 Hibner, 643 Crestmont Dr., Dayton, OH 45431 (513) 254-3964 Schools, 3955 Monza Dr., Richmond, VA 23234 (804) USS Saratoga CV 3 Assn. (Oct-Las Vegas) PR. Tonelli, 271-1551 Box 304, Sedona, AZ 86336 (602) 282-4084 8th A.F. Historical Society (NJ Chapter) (July-McGuire AFB, NJ) William 139 Knapp Ave., Clifton, USS Mark AKL 12 (Vietnam) (July) Al Kubon, 3704 USS Saufley DD 465 (Aug-New London, CT) William Good, NJ 07011 (201)478-0929 Randy Lane, Danville, IL 61 832 (21 7) 446-0542 Downie Sr., 30 Greentree Dr., Waterford, CT 06385 USS Marsh DE 699 (Aug-Baltimore) John Cullinan. (203)442-6979 18th Dpt. Supply Sq./Air Supply Div. (Aug-Cincinnati) CD. Schmidt Jr., Box 20, Lowell, OH 45744 (614) 896- 2920 Karen Dr., Chesapeake Beach, MD 20732 (301) USS Schroeder DD 501 (Oct-New Orleans) Pat Haffey, 2116 257-6322 Rt. 1 , Box 32, New Hampton, MO 64471 (816) 439- USS Mason DE 529 (Aug-New York) James Graham. 2175 19th Air Dpt. Grp., HQ/Supply/Repair Sqs. (Oct- Fairborn, OH) N.J. Anderson, Box 133, West Milton, 115 Frederick Ave.. Roosevelt, L.I., NY 11575 (516) USS Seekonk AOG 20 (July-New York) Ralph Di Meo, 45383 (51 698-4325 546-0103 253 Raymond St., Hasbrouck Hts., NJ 07604 (201) OH 3) 21 st/22nd USS McCaffery DD 860 (Sept-San Diego) Emmet Reed, 288-8840 T.C. Sqs. (Charter members) (June-Col- orado Springs, CO) Floyd Smith, Box 1605, Eagle 4116 Gait St., San Diego, CA921 17 USS Selfridge DD 357 (Oct-Pensacola, FL) C.E. River. 99577 694-941 USS McCall DD 400 (Sept-Denver) Ted Zygadlo. 22770 Chambers, 551 E. Jefferson Ave., Lake Charles, LA AK (907) 32nd Bomb Sq., 301st Bomb Grp. (H) (WWII) (Sept- S. Tamiami Trail, #200, Estero, FL 33928 (813) 947- 70605(318)477-1567 Minneapolis) Dr., 0004 USS Shelby APA 105 (Sept-Nashville, TN) James Frye, Wilton Syverson, 6108 Valewood Minnetonka, 55345 (61 934-9544 USS McConnell DE 163 (Sept) Ben Fricks, 800 Sylvan 4405 Center Dr., Florence, AL 35630 (205) 764-2738 MN 2) 33rd Air Ave., Bridgeport, CT 06606 USS Sigsbee DD 502 (Oct-Baltimore) Simon Hertzler, Dpt. Grp. (Oct-Warner Robins, GA) Herbert Cooper, 643 Reynosa Ct., Bereh, OH 4401 234- USS Meredith DD 890 (Fall) Joseph Sufczynski, 812 2725 Cordley St.. Fitchburgh, Wl 53711 (608) 271- 7(216) Oakleigh 3743 9007 Beach Rd , Baltimore, MD 21222 (301) 477- 5535 USS Suwannee CVE 27 (Oct-Cleveland) Charles 38th Repair Sq., A.D.G. (Oct-Amarillo. TX) Charles Sulkala, 808 Neponset St., Norwood, MA 02062 USS Minneapolis Assn. (Oct-Las Vegas) Glenn Zubyk, 305 E. 2nd St.", Girard, OH 44420 (216) 545- 39th Ftr. Sq., 35th Ftr. Grp. (Oct-Las Vegas, NV) Nelson Stephens, 2455 Cheviot Dr., Ft. Collins, CO 80526 6716 Thompson, 9170 E. 8th St., (303)482-6026 USS Takelma (Sept-Forsyth, MO) Harry Starr, 2404 Tucson. AZ 85710 (602) 885-9782 USS Missouri Assn. (Aug-Providence, Rl) Angelo Woodville Rd., Bryan, TX 77803 (409) 778-1994 50th Air Serv. Sq., 324th Air Serv. Grp., 5th AF (WWII) Goffredo, 1 105 Jerry Ave., Schenectady, NY 12303 USS Taussig DD 746 (Sept- Warwick, Rl) Vincent (Sept-Cape Girardeau, MO) Vincent Miget Jr., Rt. 6, (518)355-6515 Esposito, 7 Astronomy Ln., Levittown, NY 1 1 756 (516) Box Jackson, 63755 243-8201 USS Nickolas DD/DDE 449 (Oct-Orlando, FL) Harold 579-4449 127, MO (314) 61st Trp. Carrier Sq., 314th Trp. Carrier Grp. (WWII) Wallace, 2123 S. 34th Ln., Okeechobee, FL 34974 USS Terror CM 5 (Sept-Omaha, NE) Vic Blume, Rt. 3,

(Sept-Indianapolis) Doversberger, Rt. 1 , Box (813) 763-7165 Box 30, Clarinda, IA51632 (712) 542-3028 Gene 61 Tipton, IN 46072 (317) 675-681 USS Northampton (Oct-Las Vegas) Earl Kelley, 2350 USS Thatcher DD 514 (Oct-Pensacola, FL) Robert 66th Airdrome Sq. (Oct-Charlottesville, VA) Malcolm Maine Ave „ Long Beach, CA 90806 (21 3) 426-4805 Hartley, 288 Roxalana Hills Dr., Dunbar, WV 25064 Finley, Charlottesville, 295- Box , VA 22905 USS O'Bannon DD/DDD 450 (Sept-Phoenix, AZ) (304) 766-7497 5641 (804) 0395 Robert Martin, 21613 137th Dr., Sun City West. AZ USS Thomas Jefferson APA 30 (Aug-Wheeling, WV) 66th Ftr. Sq. (Sept-Rapid City. SD) Ken Lewis, Star Rl., 85375 (602) 546-1748 Robert Smith, 428 Water St., Benwood. WV 26031 Box 27A, Hill City, 57745 574-2877 USS Omaha CL 4 (Sept-Orlando, FL) Burton Jones, (304)232-8116 SD (605) 89th Troop Carrier Grp., 24/25/26/30/31 st Sqs. (WWII) 1 Virginia Topeka 67 (1 944-49) (Aug-New Orleans) 245 Swallow Dr , Beach. VA 23456 (804) 427- USS CL James (Sept-Indianapolis) Wayne Handy, 9889 Shelbyville 2436 Wilson, 1022 W. Abbott St., Muncie, IN 47303 (317) Rd., Indianapolis, IN 46259 (31 7) 862-451 1 288-3949 USS PC 1 20 (Sept) Clyde Miller, Rt. 1 . Box 272, 302nd Airdrome Sq. (Sept-Crivitz, Wl) J.U. Hodges, Bethalto. IL 62010 USS Topeka CLG 8 (Aug-San Diego) D E. Cass. 3028 18055 Shady Lane, Flint, TX 75762 (214) 561-3318 USS PC 477 (Peter Charlie) (Sept-Put-in-Bay, OH) Art Bonita Woods Dr., Bonita, CA 92002 307th Ftr. Sq., 31st Ftr. Grp., 15th AF (WWII) (Oct- Dunkelberger, 1 138 Rana Villa Ave., Camp Hill, PA USS Van Valkenburgh DD 656 (Oct-Albuquerque, NM) Louisville, KY) R.W. Kidwell, 7612 Floydsburg Rd., 1701 1 (717) 761-2473 William Graham, 3124 W. Campbell Rd.. Lakeland, FL Crestwood, KY 4001 4 241-4584 USS Philippine Sea CV47 Assn. (Aug-Charleston. SC) 33809(813)859-1386 (502) 313th Air Transport Sq. (WWII) (Oct-Fairborn, OH) Chuck Davis, Box 597, Levittown, PA 1 9057 (21 5) 946- USS Varuna AGP 5 (Sept-Tampa, FL) Wilbur Spero, William Schmidt, 26610 Kalmia Ave., Moreno Valley, 3836 6728 Erin Cir, Zephyrhills, FL33541 (813) 788-6812 CA 92360 (714) 242-4038 USS Phoenix CL 46 (Sept-Reno, NV) Andy Wilson, 618 USS Vincennes CA 44/CL 64/CG 49 (Aug-Vincennes, 320th Bomb Grp. (B-26s) (Sept-New Orleans) Stu St. 295-381 Main , Vader, WA 98593 (206) IN) Robert Nelson, 124 N. Bennett St., Geneva, IL Rowan, 1 08 Aspen, Hereford, TX 79045 (806) 364- USS Pocomoke & Sqs./VMF 15 (Marines Included) 60134 (708) 232-6232 4015 (Oct-Memphis, TN) Suzanne Moore, 9020 Capital of USS Wilkes DD 441 (WWII) (Nov-Newport, Rl) Herbert 322nd Bomb Grp. (M)/449th/450th/451 st/452nd

Texas Hwy N , Ste 240, Austin, TX 78759 (800) 527- Rommel, 77 Bridge St., Newport, Rl 02840 Wi Bomb Sqs. (Aug-Colorado Springs. CO) B E. Forrest, USS Wlllmarth DE 638 (Aug-Baltimore) James Deeton, 3213 Oakbrook Dr., Del City, OK 731 15 (405) 677- USS Providence CL 82/ComCruDlv 10 Staff (1945-49) 9342 Rose Ave.. Montclair, CA91763 (714) 626-0660 0458

|;l I I ) lim W(.'l'|hlm;in. /0<1 '.oillh IV W USS YMS 84 (Oct-Norfolk, VA) Robert Irwin, 1321 368th Ftr. Grp. (All personnel) (Oct-Newport, Rl)

view Ave , Dade City, FL 33525 (31 2) 832-2387 Maplewood Ave., Norfolk, VA 23503 George Sutcliffe, Box 580, Greenville, Rl 02828 (401 USS R L. Wilson DD/DDE 847 (Sopt-Williamsburg, VA) USS Zellin APA 3 (Sept-La Conner, WA) Thomas 949-3500

42 AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE 1

Veterans alert

375th Trp. Carrier Grp. (Sept-Valley Forge, PA) Eugene 89th Airdrome Sq. (Sept-Williamsport, PA) Howard Banana Fleet Marines (Oct-Mobile, AL) HankThalgott, Diemand, 625 S. Wheaton Ave., Wheaton, IL 601 87 Peterson, 723 Arch St., Williamsport, PA 17701 (717) Box 95, Oxford, FL 32684 (904) 748-2587 (708) 668-9575 323-5866 Marine Det.. USS Philippine Sea CV 47 (1946-60) 398th Bomb Grp. (Sept-Oshkosh, Wl) George Hilliard, 90th Bomb Grp. (H), 5th AF (Oct-lndianapolis) Paul (Sept-Williamsburg, VA) Ralph Lund, 10 Cottage Ave., 7841 Quartermaine Ave., Cincinnati, OH 45236 (513) White, 6055 Manning Rd.. Indianapolis, IN 46208 Staten Island, NY 1 0308 (71 8) 984-9261 891-8533 (317)299-2237 Marine Detach./USS Saratoga CVE 3 (Oct-Las Vegas) 414th Bomb Sq., 97th Bomb Grp. (H) (Aug-Lexington, 92nd Bomb Grp. (H) (Sept-Sacramento, CA) John Arnold Hall, 102 Halcyon, Charlestown, IN 47111

KY) Al Moszyk. 901 N. York Dr., T.H. 2, Essexville, Ml Kleinsorg, 1 145 Oxford Rd., Burlingame, CA 94010 (812) 256-2015 48732 (517) 892-3326 (415)343-9169 Montford Point Marine Assn. (July-Philadelphia)

450th Bomb Grp. (Cottontails) (Sept-Orlando, FL) 93rd Trp. Carrier Sq., 439th T.C. Grp. (Sept-Oshkosh, Brooks Gray, Box 1 2546, Philadelphia, PA 1 91 51 Robert Gernand, 1054 San Remo Rd., St. Augustine, Wl) Tom Morris, 456 St. George's Ct., Satellite Beach, Nat'l Marine Corps League (Aug-Sacramento, CA) Bill

FL 32086 (904) 797-7348 FL 32937 (407) 773-6960 King, Box 1 1 44, Modesto, CA 95353 (209) 524-4238 45lst Bomb Grp. (H) (WWII) (Sept-Omaha, NE) Robert 304th Ftr. Sq., 337th Ftr. Grp. (Sept-San Antonio) Radio Intell. Platoons (Sept-San Diego) Dolph Reeves,

Karstensen, 1032 S. State St., Marengo, IL 60152 Charles Aikman, 1 41 5 Nabors Ln., Odessa, TX 79761 Box 923, Alpine, CA 92001 (61 9) 445-571 (813) 665-4710 (915)362-1619 VMJ/VMR 353/MAG 15/Camp Kearney (Kwajalein) 456th Bomb Sq. (M) (Oct-Nashville, TN) Thomas Curtin, 342nd Air Serv. Sq. (Oct-Plymouth, MA) Charles (Aug-Youngstown, OH) Achille Marchiori, 2633 N. 116-13 103rd Ave., Richmond Hill, NY 1 1419 (718) Brunhoelzl, 204 Cooper St., Courtdale, PA 18704 Melvina Ave., Chicago, IL 60639 (312) 622-0264 849-7596 (717) 287-1608 VMSB 331 (Sept-Scranton, PA) Merlin Phillips, 713

458th Bomb Grp., 8th AF (Sept-Dayton, OH) D.A. 351st Bomb Grp. (WWII/England) (June-Kansas City, Dragon Rd., Clarks Summit, PA 1 841 1 (71 7) 587-2034 Trivette, 1791 Utica Dr., Kettering, OH 45439 (513) MO) Ben Schohan, 398 Catawba Ave., Westerville, OH VMSB 341 (Aug-Wheeling, WV) Steve Rovnak, 22 299-7125 43081 (614) 882-8410 Stratford Rd. , Wheeling, WV 26003 (304) 233-4268 463rd Bomb Grp., 15th Wing, 15th AAF (Nov-Colorado 355th Fighter Grp., 8th AF (WWII) (Sept-Williamsburg, Springs, CO) Michael Geller, 7246 S. Birch St., VA) Bob Kuhnert, 4230 Shroyer Rd., Dayton, OH Littleton, CO 801 22 45429(513)294-2986 467th Service Sq. (Sept-Whitesville, NC) Charles Ross, 390th Bomb Grp. (Aug-Dayton, OH) G.K. Biel, Box Coast Guard 110 69th St., Darien, IL60559 (312) 920-0341 1 25A, Dayton, OH 45449 (513) 433-4233 487th Bomb Grp (H) (July-Omaha, NE) Donald 410th Bomb Grp. (WWII) (Oct-Myrtle Beach, NCJTaylor

Denbeck, 1 N. 8th St., Rt. 1 O'Neill, 28 , NE 68763 Kessler, 7401 Westlake Terr., Bethesda, MD 20817 Ammo Loading Detail, Port Edwards, BC (June- 488th Bomb. Sq. (M) (Sept-Tucson, AZ) W.W. Johnston, (301) 588-3040 Seattle) Walter Kubley, 655 Main St., #302. Edmonds, 1762 Cresta. Tucson, 299- Camino AZ 85718 (602) 442nd A.F. Reserve Assn. (June-Richard-Gebaur AFB, WA 98020 (206) 775-5830 1974 MO) Joe Blair, 3214 E. 104th St., Kansas City, MO Coast Guard Constr. Units 26/211/390 (Sept-Aurora, 500th Ser Sq., 54th ASG (WWII/Tezgoan/lndia) (Oct- 64137 (816) 761-5001 NE) Earl Dick, Rt. 2, Box 5A, Aurora, NE 68818 (402) Knoxville, TN) Joseph Bell, 553 Tuna Marine Village, 447th Sub Depot/351 st B.G. (WWII) (Sept-Dayton, OH) 694-2539 Corpus Christi, TX 7841 8 (51 937-1 061 2) Fred Larsen, 608 Frank Satterfield Rd., Perry, GA Grays Harbor Patrol Base (Aug-Hoquiam, WA) Vern 504th Bomb Grp. (VH), B-29 (Sept-Portsmouth, NH) Art 31069(912)987-3570 Mueller, 21414 95th W., Edmonds, WA 98020 (206) Tomes, 2409 Dr. Burnsville, Oakwood , MN 55337 (612) 456th Bomb Grp. (H) (WWII) (July-Newton, MA) James 776-4414 435-5406 Watkins, 11415 Minor Dr., Kansas City, MO 64114 Patrol Frigate Assn. (Oct-St. Louis) Roberta Shotwell, 780th Bomb Sq., 465th Bomb Grp. (Sept-Reno, NV) (913)942-5594 622 Southgate Ave., Daly City, CA 94015 (415) 756- Bernard Bezinover, Box Northridge, 107, CA91328 619th/620th TAC CON Sqs. (Pleiku, VN) (Sept) Keith 7931 871st Signal Co., 56th ADG (Guam-WWII) (Sept- Schwarzer, Box 1 992, Atascadero, CA 93423 (805) USCG LCI Crews/Flotillas 4/10/35 (ETO/PAC) (Nov- Madison, Wl) Riley Gelbach, 2545 Crestview Dr., 461-1304 Nashville, TN) Ralph Gault, 14733 Clark St., Dolton, IL Beloit, Wl 5351 1 (608) 362-5602 679th/703rd/1022nd/1536th/1 539th Ord. Cos. (WWII) 60419 1352nd AAFBU, Search & Rescue (Sept) C.W. Robin- (Oct-Las Vegas) Nate Frankel, 1609 Almara Circle, USS Falgout DE 324 (WWII) (Aug-Baltimore) Gus son, 625 E. Daisy Ln., New Albany, IN 47150 (812) Louisville, 40205 459-1 051 KY (502) Meyer, 610 Susan Rd., Oakville, MO 63129 (314) 846- 945-6205 3450th Tng. Sq. (adm) (Sept-Cheyenne, WY) J.W. 8779 Aviation Cadet Class 42-X (Aug-Colorado Springs, CO) Tabler, 6456 Hemingway Rd., Dayton, OH 45424 (513) USS Hunter Liggett (Aug-Reno, NV) L.R. Senk, 31441 FK. Lane, Box 5092, El Dorado Hills, CA 95630 (916) 233-9851 Monterey Ave., S. Laguna Beach, CA92677 (714) 499- 677-3863 3912th Air Base Sq. (Wyton RAF Sta./1 950-53) (July- 3421 C.C.A.A.F. (Glider Test) (Aug-Wilmington, OH) James San Diego) Bill Parkhurst, Tulsa, 01 Box 2881 , OK 741 USS Joyce DE/DER 317 (Oct-Charleston, SC) Joe Wixson, 316 S. Walnut St., Wilmington, OH 45177 (918)446-6400 Helminger, 1513 Huron Ave., Metairie, LA 70005 (504) (513)382-4275 6147th Tact. Cont. Grp. (Mosquitoes) (Sept-Myrtle 831-1454 McCook AAF Base (Military/civilians) (Sept-McCook, Beach, John Webster, 610 1st Ave. N., Surfside SC) USS LST 18 (Oct-Champaign, IL) Charles Kelly, 1124N. NE) Al White, McCook AAB Hist. Soc, Box B-29, Beach, 29577 238-0560 SC (803) State St., Monticello, IL 61856 (217) 762-9256 McCook, NE 69001 (308) 345-4234 (June-Ft. Ryker, B-58 Hustler Assn. Worth, TX) Ken 448 USS Machias PF 53, Escort Div. 33 (Sept-Charleston, P-40 Warhawk Pilots Assn. (Sept-Hampton, VA) Bob Meadowhill, Ft. Worth, TX 761 26 249-2877 (817) SC) John Jones, 806 Helene St., Wantagh, NY 11793 Klump, 1 443 Big Bethel Rd., Hampton, VA 23666 (804) Pilot Class 54-M (Sept-Reno, NV) Leonard Ashburn, (516) 731-0442 766-3485 4523 W. 16th St.. Box 22608, Indianapolis, IN 46222 USS Mills DE383 (Aug-Baltimore) Thomas Nichols, 145 P-51 Mustang Pilots Assn. (Oct-Santa Maria, CA) Pete 248-9880 (317) Highview Dr., Versailles, KY40383 (606) 873-3355 Hardiman, 3233 San Pedro Way, Union City, CA 94587 USS Rhodes DE 384 (Sept-Cape May, NJ) Irvin Blas- (415)487-2391 zynski, 7060 Monroe St., Niles, IL 60648 (708) 967- Pilot Class 43H (George Field) (Aug-Vincennes, IN) 8232 Joe Cathcart, 933 Plateau Parkway, Nashville, TN Marines 37205(615)352-9540 Tomah Radio School (Aug-Tomah, Wl) Laura Bishop, 1st Corps, M.T. VAMC (1 35), Tomah, Wl 54660 (608) 372-1 727 Bn., "Old" Co. C (Solomons) (Sept- Decatur, IL) Bill Pickering, 364 Holton Rd., La Porte, In Miscellaneous 46350(219)326-1424 1st Provisional Marine Bgde. (Sept-San Antonio) Brigade Committee, Box 530322, Austin, TX 78753 Airways & Air Comm. Serv. (Oct-Reno, NV) Ray Arnold, Air Force (512)836-0458 7524 Blue Stone, Reno, NV 8951 1 (702) 853-9537 2nd Bn., 1st Rgt., 1st Mar Div., F Co. (WWII) (Oct- American Ex-POWs/OH (Aug-Cincinnati) Raymond Branson, MO) Dale Decker, 816 Northrup PI., Fort Bolkelman, 361 5 White Oak, Dr., Cincinnati, OH 45247 5th Comm. Grp., 934th Signal Bn. (Oct-Knoxville, TN) Dodge, IA 50501 (513)385-3057 Charles Crank, 9854 Glenwood, Overland Park, KS 2nd Bn., 7th Marines, Co. D (Korea) (Oct-St. Louis) Al CBI Hump Pilots/Support Personnel (Sept-Virginia 66212 (913) 381-3885 Bradshaw, HC 4, Box 114, Edgar Springs. MO 65462 Beach, VA) Jan Thies, Box 458, Poplar Bluff, MO 7th Bomb Grp. (Oct-Tucson, AZ) Harry Russell, 220 (314)435-6420 63901(314)785-2420 Placita Pera, Green Valley, AZ 85614 (602) 625-81 84 3rd Amph. Trac. Bn. (WWII) (Oct-Las Vegas) Peter CBI Veterans Assn. (Sept-Dallas) Norman Larsen, 15th Tac. Recon. Sq. (WWII) (Oct-Syracuse, NY) Carl Paradise, 21018 Lakeland Ave., St. Clair Shores, Ml 5401 Bonnie Wayne St., Ft. Worth, TX 761 17 (817)

Barton, 51 4 Chestnut St., Fulton, NY 1 3069 (315) 592- 48081 (313)777-2784 498-2148 5170 3rd Arm'd Amph. Bn., 1st Mar. Div.(WWII) (Sept-St. Civilian Conservation Corps (GA) (Sept-Pine Moun- 19th Bomb Sq., 22nd Bomb Wing (March AFB) (July- Charles, MO) James Miller, 400 Hackberry Ln., Truth or tain, GA) Rev. Gordon Fincher, 160 Holly Lane,

Wilmington, NC) Robert Brown, 21 1 7 E. Lake Shore Consequences, NM 87901 (505) 894-2496 Athens, GA 30606 (404) 546-0544 Dr., Wilmington, NC 28401 (919)763-9580 3rd Bn., 10th Marines, 2nd Mar. Div. (WWII) (Aug- Guadalcanal Campaign Vets (Oct-Fayetteville, NC) 24th Combat Mapping Sq. (Sept-Cincinnati) Joseph Dubuque, IA) Donald Chappell, Short Cut Rd., Gene Keller, 4043 Standish, St., Kalamazoo, Ml 49008 Humbert, 490 Glenn St., Washington, PA 15301 (412) Bloomington, Wl 53804 (608) 794-21 69 (616) 344-0265 222-2922 3rd Bn., 1st Rgt., 1st Mar. Div., M/HQ Cos. (WWII) Korean War Veterans/MN (Chapter 1) (Sept- 28th Photo Recon. Sq. (Sept-Williambsburg, VA) Ray (Sept-Columbus, OH) George Peto Jr., 5427 Willow- Bloomington, MN) Ed Valle, 1639 Stillwater Ave., St. Ott, 24 High Acres Rd., Ansonia, CT 06401 (203) 734- wood Rd., Columbus, OH 43229 (614) 885-4288 Paul, MN 55106 (612) 771-5237 3433 3rd/4th Defense Bn. (WWII) (Aug-Reno, NV) Joe Nat'l Organ, of World War Nurses (Aug-lndianapolis) 54th FIS (1953-57) (Aug-Rapid City, SD) Bill Newell, Rt. Walsh, Box 99-2453, Redding, CA 96099 (916) 246- Ethel Redfield, 569 S. Main St., Red Lion, PA 17356 2, Box Neche, 3438 (717) 244-9132 361 , ND 58265 (701 ) 886-7779 58th Ftr. Control Sq. (Aleutians/WWII) (Sept-Kansas 23rd Marines, 4th Div., Regt. Weapons Co. (WWII) Northwest Panama Canal (Aug-South Bend, WA) Al

City, MO) William Smith, 1 12 Western St., Leaven- (Oct-Bedford, PA) Paul Policastro, 2722 North Bend Richardson, Box 206-R, Naselle, WA 98638 (206) 484- worth, KS 66048 (913) 682-5897 Rd., Apt. 1, Cincinnati, OH 45239 (513) 681-9843 7722 75th Ftr. Sq., 23rd Ftr. Grp., 14th AF (China/WWII) 23rd Rgt., 4th Mar. Div., F Co. (Navy included/WWII) St. Louis Last Man's Club (June-St. Louis) Alvie Owens (Sept-New Orleans) Myron Levy, 11933 Claychester (Sept-Myrtle Beach, SC) Irby Hipp, 1033 Myrtle Dr., Jr., 203 St. Joseph, O'Fallon, MO 63366 (314) 281- Dr., Des Peres, MO 63131 Rock Hill, SC 29730 (803) 327-4424 8932

JUNE 1990 43 resources at Whitman Corp., a PENSIONS Chicago-based diversified company that recently revamped its benefit pro- Continuedfrom page 21 grams to cut costs and place more of the risk on future retirees. "It's a question of expectations," added Jeff Clayton, former adminis- die." said John Ohnemus, a 32-year-old trator of the U.S. Labor Department's SMALL stockbroker in Little Rock, Ark. Pension and Welfare Benefits Adminis- The coalescing of these problems has tration. "Americans expect too much. prompted a number of experts to call They want a nice house, a nice car, nice ENGINE for an overhaul of the nation's retire- clothing and a lot of retirement income, ment system. too." "I've become convinced that the pri- The intensity of the debate reflects vate is the crucial role that employer-paid pen- Work part time, full time — pension system irretrievably right at home— we help flawed," said Merton Bernstein, a law sions and health insurance have come you every step of the way. professor at Washington University in to play in the retirement picture.

No doubt about it. . . as a small engine pro, you can cash St. Louis and co-author of two books Four in every 10 retired individuals, in on the huge demand for qualified men in one of Amer- on retirement policy. "Life is and nearly six of 10 elderly couples, use ica's fastest growing industries. You'll be able to command change, top hourly rates of from $25.00 to $30.00 per hour — and but the private pension system isn't monthly checks from corporate or pub- that's just for labor. A simple tune-up earns as much as $49.95 for less than an hours work, and parts, engines geared to change." lic pension plans to augment Social and accessories will add even more to the profits. Bernstein said the nation's politi- Security benefits and personal savings. Plenty of business waiting for qualified men. cal leaders will make sure that Social The rest live on Social Security, which 65,000,000 Small Engines Are In Use Today! Security key health for by itself provides only a poverty-level That's the official count from the Engine Service Assn., and programs and one-million new engines are being built each month. the elderly will survive. He also income, and whatever savings they can With fully accredited Foley-Belsaw training, you can soon or keep past typical have the skills and knowledge to make top money ser- believes that lawmakers will need to muster— working vicing these engines. People will seek you out and pay expand such programs to make up for retirement ages. you well to service their lawnmowers. tillers, edgers, power rakes, garden tractors, chain saws, minibikes, growing gaps in private coverage. The postwar expansion of Social snowmobiles, generators, go-carts, paint sprayers, Despite these dangers, President Security benefits and the creation of the snowblowers ... the list is almost endless. Bush, most members of Congress and Medicare and Medicaid health pro- even many workers have paid little grams in the mid-1960s rescued many attention to the issue. of the nation's elderly from grave In fact, in the struggle to lower the health risks and abject poverty.

federal budget deficit, the White House But it was the explosive growth in and Congress may have contributed to pension payments that enabled mem- the problems in recent years by bers of the middle class to look forward eliminating some of the tax incentives to maintaining active, independent life- pri- Professional Tools and Equipment, PLUS 4 H.P. Engine that had encouraged the growth of styles in retirement.

ALL YOURS TO KEEP. . . All at No Extra Cost. vate pensions. But the trend toward earlier retire- NO EXPERIENCE NECESSARY! Business leaders also are calling for a ment—and the increase in average life You don't need to be a 'born mechanic or have any prior experience. You can master this profitable trade right at home moratorium on further changes in pen- expectancy, to 71 for men and 78 for

in . . your sparetime. Lessons are fully illustrated . so clear you can't go wrong, and with our famous learn-by-doing' method sion laws until the Bush administration women — also have made financing you get practical 'hands-on' experience. We also show you and Congress sort out how taxpayers, pensions and health benefits a much how to get business, what to charge, where to get supplies wholesale... all the inside tricks of the trade you need to employers and individuals should more expensive proposition. assure success right from the start. divide the responsibility. Most employers have gotten stingier Send for FREE Facts -Do It TODAY! "I think this whole area does need to about giving cost-of-living increases to NO Obligation-NO Salesman Calls! be looked at in terms of a comprehen- pensioners. People who worked for 30 You risk nothma by accepting this offer to see how easily you can learn the skills you need to increase sive pension policy, and that's a tall years at some of the nation's wealthiest your income in a high-profit business of your own. order," said Labor Secretary Elizabeth companies are sitting by helplessly as Just fill in and mail coupon below (or send postcard Dole. the buying power of pensions as small with name and address) to receive full information by return mail. In all, 19 million retired individuals as $100 a month erodes under the i k . in RUSH COUPON TODAY FREE last year collected $45 billion pen- steady pressure of inflation. Foley-Belsaw Institute BOOKLET! sion benefits from private companies Cuts in medical coverage also have 6301 Equitable Rd. Send lor your Depl and billion from government exposed retirees to new hardships. 51838 copy today! $40 Kansas City, Mo 64120 employers, which also have begun Even many people 65 and older who Tfoley-belsaw institute tightening retirement programs. qualify for Medicare are having to pay 6301 Equitable Dept. 51838 /Mmsik\ _ Rd , leaders also say they I Kansas City. Mo 64120 Many business hundreds or thousands of dollars more cannot afford to keep providing the kind each year in medical bills to replace i ] YES, please send me the FREE booklet that gives full details about starting my own business In Small of lucrative benefits that workers came coverage cut by their companies.

Engine Repair I understand there is No Obligation and to expect during the economic But it is today's young and middle- that No Salesman will call on me. resurgence after World War II. age workers who face the greatest risk. | NAME "The conditions we are operating The percentage of employers offer- I ADDRESS under as a nation are different than in ing any kind of retirement plans has the past when we could afford to pay plunged during the last decade as the

I CITY for entitlements, when we were living dynamic focus of the US. economy has STATE ZIP high on the hog," said Ray Werntz, shifted from manufacturing to service assistant vice president for human and high-technology firms.

44 AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE The percentage of workers covered Under the newer savings and stock companies with stock plans attempt to by pensions plans has fallen nearly plans, employers make annual pay- ease this problem by using stock that every year since 1979, from 55.7 per- ments to an account in the name of each cannot drop below a certain value. cent to 49.5 percent, and that number is worker and leave it up to him to make But John Zalusky, an AFL-CIO likely to keep falling, experts at the sure it builds for his retirement. economic research official, said "a Census Bureau say. Some companies began the stock worker uses his basic skills — his

This means that more than 45 million ownership plans to increase their labor — for one employer, so it is a very of the 89 million workers between the defenses against unwanted takeovers. risky choice for him to have all his ages of 25 and 64 are receiving no help But most experts warn that the stock investments tied up in the stock of the from their employers in setting aside plans leave workers more vulnerable same company." retirement money. than traditional pension programs if "Take a look at who the largest com- The patchwork nature of pension and their company's stock price plunges. panies were in each decade of this cen- health coverage stems from one basic Federal law prohibits traditional — tury," Zalusky said. "Who would ever characteristic: Employer participation but not the stock — plans from investing have thought that Lockheed would is voluntary. more than 10 percent of their monies in (nearly) go broke or that Chrysler No law requires employers to offer the stock of their own companies. Some would nearly go belly up? pensions or health insurance to workers or retirees, and once a company decides to provide such benefits, government offers only limited help in ensuring that workers receive their expected level of benefits. Some of the deepest cutbacks have occurred as a result of the mergers and acquisitions that have made life at most corporations much less stable. Thousands of workers have found that takeovers can lead to substantial losses in benefits, as executives juggle benefit formulas to make them conform between new and old subsidiaries. When Richard Nichols' longtime employer sold its paper products division, the new owner cut benefits at Nichols' division to bring them into line with other subsidiaries. The 54-year- Revolutionary String MOWER Cuts Grass and Weeds old supervisor saw the value of his possible early retirement benefit plunge from $22,000 a year to $12,000 a year. "They treated me like somebody SIX FEET TALL! who'd left the company," he said. "I Now you don't have to worry about grass powerful and precise, less dangerous to your back and didn't leave the company — they left and weeds "getting ahead of you" when you to your plants. me." riding go away on vacation or fail to mow every •Ideal to use with mowers for all finish-up Companies ranging from General mowing and trimming...or for all mowing and trim- couple of weeks... or, about rocks, roots, Motors, the nation's largest, to some of ming of smaller or vacation properties. You'll love stumps or bumps damaging your expen- the smallest are requiring both active having the DR™ MOWER/TRIMMER in addi- sive steel-bladed push or riding mower! workers and retirees to pay higher tion to any mowers, trimmers or sicklebars you may deductible amounts or a greater share of now have ~ or in place of one or more of them! •The Revolutionary DR™ TRIMMER/MOWER most doctor and hospital bills. uses heavy-duty Nylon Cords instead of steel blades! PLEASE MAIL COUPON Particularly galling to some retired •You can mow practically anything - anywhere - BELOW for the whole wonderful people is that employers have become without fear or worry. And SAVE TIME by mow- DR™ TRIMMER/MOWER stingier as rising stock and bond mar- ing outlying or rough areas only once or twice a sea- story by return First kets have lifted the value of the assets in son...instead of once every week or two! Class Mail! FIVE the nation's 900,000 corporate and •The DR is also a marvelous TRIMMER ON Models, 2 to 4 public pension funds from $825 billion WHEELS ! Far easier to start, less tiring to use than Horsepower, in 1980 to trillion, $2.7 an awesome any hand-held trimmer you've ever seen. Much more with or without nearly sum equal to the national debt. Electric Most large companies still build their "What the DR™ cannot do... Starting^ " m ^ _2 _ *wocnp,inc~ (1) It cannot cut woody material (small saplings etc). It retirement programs around such tradi- l 'YES! Please rush details of all five DR™ tional pension plans. can, however, cut first year growth of sumac, brambles.berry I TRIMMER/MOWER Models including prices, canes etc. (2) In some conditions it cannot cut as FAST as specifications, "Off-Season" Savings But the formulas of nearly all tradi- and now a steel blade; like a hand-saw, you can't force the DR. But I in effect. I understand there is no obligation tional plans provide the most rewards to and that no salesman will call. Thank you. because it has no deck the DR will never clog -even if the I people who stay at their one company grass is soaking wet... or even if it's SIX FEET TALL! Name entire isn't I careers. A middle-income worker (3) The DR really practical for cutting much more than Address

an acre or two unless you have plenty of time; but it is ideal could receive only half as I much in pen- City. State ZIP for mowing and trimming those areas where even much larg- sion benefits if he works for several I To: COUNTRY HOME PRODUCTS, Dept. A4906A er equipment cannot go. employers instead of one. F^Road^BoxS^ChaTlotte, VT 05445 I j

JUNE 1990 45 I '

ernment spends a lot more than it takes MAKE UP TO SOCIAL SECURITY in through income and excise taxes an because President George Bush doesn't W HOUR Continuedfrom page 19 want to raise those taxes, and Congress doesn't want to reduce spending. itmuY-eauw Indeed, a recent study by economists km mm m m hKMfe* Mark Crain of George Mason Univer- YtaCnDoltmi mask, it comes out to $206 billion. sity and Michael Marlowe of California That's a difference of $55 billion, and Polytechnic State University found that it's easily explained. During the last the 1983 Social Security tax increases fiscal year, Social Security collected actually have stimulated federal spend- Never before have money-making opportunities been so $287 billion in payroll taxes but paid ing. great for qualified Locksmiths. Now lucrative regular lock and key business has multiplied a thousandfold as only $232 billion in benefits, leaving Many experts believe the fiscal millions seek more protection against zooming crime. Yet there s only one Locksmith lor every 17,000 peo- $55 billion to be set aside for the baby sleight-of-hand may delay a final ple! Train FACT at Home — Collect CASH PROFITS Right Away. You're in business ready to earn up to boomers, but that money became part reckoning with the deficit. James $26.00 an hour a few days after you begin Foley- Belsaw's shortcut training. Take advantage of today's of a deficit-reduction gimmick. Buchanan, the Nobel Prize-winning unprecedented opportunities in Locksmitfting for year- round EXTRA INCOME in spare time — or full time in a "Washington's dirty little secret is economist, said the 1983 reforms, well- high-profit business of your own. Hundreds we've trained have done it. So can YOU! All tools plus profes- that the Social Security Trust Fund is intentioned as they were, were nothing sional Key Machine given you with course. These plus practice materials and equipment, plus simple, illus- being siphoned off to mask the true more than a political solution to the trated lessons, plus expert supervisionjjlus business- TOOAY building guidance will enable you to KEEP THE MONEY scale of the federal deficit," said Sen. deficit problem. COMING INI Ideal for retirement — good jobs, too. 30 DAY NO F. "In a very SEND FOR EXCITING FACTS — NO OBLIGATION I MSKTHUL Ernest Hollings of South Carolina. real sense," Buchanan PRO KEY MACHINE YOURS TO KEEP rEE All SPECIAL TOOLS f AND EQUIPMENT Charles Bowsher, director of the said, "the fiscal crisis that appeared on Tbb machlna can add up to INCLUDED COO a month to your li General Accounting Office, the non- the way to resolution (in 1984) was coma. .. It won't coat you a pamry oztn nrtth your partisan watchdog and investigative simply postponed for up to three dec- training. FOLEY'BELSAW INSTTT FIND OUT ABOUT T agency of Congress, accused Congress ades by the Social Security changes.

6301 EQUITABLE HD , DEFT 1 1821 RUSH COUPON TODAY KANSAS CITY, NO. 64120 and the administration of using "smoke The wage-salary earners subject to There is NO OBLIGATION * NO SALESMAN Will Call -ever! and mirrors" to conceal the extent of the these increased payroll taxes were FOLEY- BELSAW INSTITUTE deficit. tricked by the dual-counting illusion PLEASE RUSH FREE BOOK -Key, ft i

ADDRESS . Union and Japan. But the federal gov- situation seems perilous. Stephen

CITY-STATE-ZIP . rWASPTRAPl THOSE NAGGING NOTCH YEARS fytfakes Eating Outside a Pleasure^ Continuedfrom page 19 Myers, former chief actuary of the known as "notch babies." However, system and the foremost authority |^S^'" ^lil^^^BK Han£Hang From 1 Tree Limb, Pole or Homej the Social Security Administration on Social Security. Myers said rais- to 9' OH Ground I disputes the claim that those born in ing the benefits would be an I the notch years receive less benefits inequity. "The real problem is that I than people born before or after those persons who were born before I these years. A publication from 1917 and who worked well beyond

I Social Security states: "In fact, age 62 after 1978 receive undue people born in 1971-21 are eligible windfalls," Myers said. "Those born for a transitional benefit computa- after 1916 are now being equitably tion, which may provide a benefit treated, consistent with the intent of that is higher than the benefit they Congress, and receive proper benefit would receive under the new-law amounts." I computation .... They have an In October 1989, the National

Open Trap, ^ I advantage over the people born after Executive Committee of The Amer- Add Water, /f- Sugar& 1 92 1 , who are eligible only for bene- ican Legion adopted Res. 1 support- Liquid C"^^^ fits figured under the new system." ing the increase. Determent C^^V As the notch babies began retiring "The American Legion recog- |a simple, yet 100% effective wa^oThTyou7yar^f^«ps^enoTl Jackets and Hornets. Just add sugared water to attract wasps andi in 1982, Congress' gaffe became nizes that a large number of veterans la little liquid detergent to coat their wings. Wasps can't resist. I clear. The controversy blossomed of World War II and of the Korean They fly up trap - - once in, there' s no escape. They fall into waterl land drown Hang one or several of these ingenious traps near your' after a series of highly emotional and Vietnam wars and their depen- patio or deck Get so much more en|oyment . . especially whenl "Dear Abby" columns in 1983 and survivors either 'eating or cooking out. Take along on picnics or when camping out. dents and have been |a simple solution safe and foolproof. Comes with hangmg| 1 984, and ever since there have been or will be affected by the 1977 wires Measures6" across. Sturdy, Hi- Impact construction Use. proposals to restore benefits to Imore than one for more infested areas. | the amendments to the Social Security No 8173- Wasp Trap S4 88 the notch babies — a move estimated Act," the resolution stated. Two Only $9 - Three Only $12 - Four Only $15 « to cost $67 billion over a 10-year The resolution also called for ^Mail Order with check, cash or money order. Include $2.%| period. action through "responsible legisla- (postage & handling fee (non- refundable). Allow 4-6 weeks| Congress is unlikely to approve tion," difficult task in light of the -delivery. All merchandise shipped under no risk, 30 day home« a trial NYS residents must include local sales tax. Send order to:| the increased benefits, chiefly for cost to the already beleaguered

FOSTER- TRENT INC., DEPT. 200 -FX, | reasons stated last year by Robert J. Social Security system. |29 BEECHWOOD AVE., NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801j

AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE .

Moore of the Heritage Foundation, a ment benefits" Porter said, "the U.S. eral tax revenues, as there is in most Washington-based, conservative think should refund each and every year the European countries. This has meant the tank, said: "All that is in the reserve total amount of Social Security taxes entire burden is in reality carried by fund is a stock of IOUs from the treas- not needed for current benefits into employees, because employers pass ury." individual Social Security retirement their tax burden to their workers in the Robert Mclntire, director of Citizens accounts for every U.S. worker. The form of lower wages. for Tax Justice, said one practical result government would adjust the worker's • The pay-as-you go approach of the current budget policy is that "the claim on the Social Security reserve to means current workers pay the pensions government has been funded by a very reflect the amount of his or her retire- of retired workers. Private pensions are regressive tax." ment income that would come from his organized to have funds invested before The Social Security payroll tax hits or her retirement accounts." retirement with earnings paying a major ordinary Americans far harder than it Basically, there are problems with portion of the benefits. hits the rich. This year, for example, the the Social Security system that need to What is under way in Washington person making $1 million will pay no be addressed: today is something that has been more than the person making $51 ,300. • Not all working Americans are needed for years — a re-examination of The maximum individual payment is included in the system. About 10 per- the economical underpinnings of the $3,924, and is the same for small cent, including all federal employees Social Security system. Its seems cer- businessmen, blue-collar workers with and all others who derive their entire tain that Social Security will survive the two jobs, million-dollar athletes and incomes from investments, have been process. No social welfare program in billionaires on the Forbes 400 List. outside the system since 1935. American history has been so impor- Indeed, a working couple in America • There is no contribution from gen- tant or appears so resilient. probably pays more than the billionaire because both husband and wife could pay the maximum, or near it. £^the same system If you count the amount employers N.O.W. ™ Amazing New "\as used by pay into Social Security, which indi- dentists rectly comes out of each worker's pay, INSTANT nearly two-thirds of all Americans now pay more in Social Security taxes than TEETH WHITENER they do in income taxes. As for the much-ballyhooed federal tax reductions of the Reagan years, only the INSTANT WHITE wealthiest 10 percent of Americans, jC)ATURAIJ0XYGEN(Si>HITENER] with average incomes of $1 13,000 a year, have received an actual reduction in their federal tax burden since 1980. You'llSeeResults Sen. Daniel P. Moynihan of New York has introduced legislation that would reduce Social Security taxes by Afterfust TheFirst Use A more than $60 billion during the next This same system used two years. Moynihan, a member of the by dentists charging ...or its FREE! HUNDREDS 1983 commission that recommended This same three-part system used by OF DOLLARS dentists at a eost oi hundreds of the higher taxes to build a baby-boomer Removes All Stains is NOW AVAILABLE dollars is now available for use in the Why spend or $49" surplus, believes the intent of the Including Nicotine.. comfort of your home — at great savings. increases has become a political tool to You'll see results after only the first Coffee application. An amazing improvement obscure the national debt. The budget OURS in the brightness of your smile can be ONLY 95 policies are defended by Bush adminis- vours with "INSTANT WHITE" *19 tration officials, who say there is no safer investment of the surplus funds than in IOUs from Uncle Sam. However, the Moynihan plan was endorsed by Robert J. Myers, who helped create the Social Security system in 1934 and was its chief actuary BEFORE AFTER FIRST USE AFTER 3 MONTHS for 23 years. "The time has arrived \ when the financing of the Old Age, 4 PART SYSTEM , — MONEY BACK GUARANTEE Survivors and Disability Insurance pro- 1. The Conditioning Pre-Rinse INSTANT WHITE, Dep t. 9351 gram should be rationalized, stabilized 2. The Safe Natural Oxygen Bleach 300 McCann Street Nashville, TN 37210 3. The White Pigmentation Polishing Creme and made crystal clear by going on a Please send me the "INSTANT WHITE" Teeth Whitener System 4. The Final Rinse on a money back guarantee if not absolutely delighted— EVEN pay-as-you-go basis, as proposed by AFTER 30 DAYS. I enclose only $19.95 gWiMiiiiroiniiiiiw Sen. Moynihan," Myers said. SAVE!($10)Two systems for $29.95 NOT A 30 DAY SUPPLY— §! Please add $3.00 Postage and Handling for any order Rep. John Porter of Illinois has BUT A FULL 60 DAY SUPPLY I Credit Card Buyers—Call: (615) 254-7230 suggested that each year the Social OUR AMAZING GUARANTEE § Tennessee residents add sales tax Enclosed is my check or M 0 fori OR, charge to my VISA mastercard Use for 30 days ji Security surplus be refunded into Indi- Exp Date _ — if you don't see fantastic results is vidual Retirement Accounts. Name _ = — retu rn for a full product refund, la! Address — "To prevent Congress from spending WHWWBSSM Wi'pi'WWiwaiiiiiiiiHiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiWiiiiiiml City State - Zip the reserve and to preserve it for retire- ^ All orders processed promptly Shipment guaranteed witnm 60 days 5 1990 ADM j

JUNE 1990 47 SEND US YOUR OPINIONS Lowest Price FARMING The American Legion Magazine interviews high-ranking government Continued from page 23 offi- Anywhere cials to promote discussion and debate, and to let you know their stance on issues Brilliant Uncirculated so you can make well-informed decisions at the ballot box. According to Secretary of Morgan Silver Dollars 5 million. Is it fair to ask 98 percent of Agriculture Clayton Yeutter, American the population to continue spending so As low farming conditions are improving. The much to help the remaining 2 percent? American Legion Magazine wants 00 Yes, at least in the short run. This $17. A your opinion on the question: Based on is an imperfect world, and it your experiences, do you believe the Amer- each would be grossly unfair to our agricul- ican family farm will be able to survive tural community if they were to be OUR beyond the next decade? Send your letters abandoned at the same time other gov- to OPINIONS, The American Legion COST ernments are lavishly supporting their Magazine, P.O. Box 1055, Indianapolis, farmers. We cannot leave our agricul- IN 46206. tural community dangling in the wind and exposed to the unfair trade prac- Why are we giving away guaranteed tices of other nations. We have to mint-state Morgan silver dollars at our counter such practices— and that costs Alt is a serious problem but, fortu- cost? Simple: to get you to try us. And we'll money. Farming is also so subjected to nately, less serious than a few even pay the postage. While supplies last, the uncertainties of weather and other years ago. The 1985 Farm Bill con- we'll sell new customers guaranteed Mint- risks that it is unlikely we would ever tained a number of provisions designed State U.S. Morgan silver dollars at: 1 coin for want to reduce such aid to zero. Obvi- to improve conservation— setting aside $20, 5 for $95, 20 for $375 or 60 for $1 ,020. ously, society as a whole has a lot at marginal or vulnerable land and con- Limit 60. Order #11654. No dealer orders. stake in keeping our agricultural sector verting it to grasses and trees. We now All coins are early dates. 30-day return healthy and productive. have over 30 million acres in the reserve privilege. To order by credit card, call toll- that is infinitely better protected free 1-800-451-4463 at any time. Or send Q- You've estimated that farm sub- against erosion than before. This is a your check or money order to: International sidies and trade protectionism around major change and a great investment in Coins & Currency, Inc. 1 1 E. State St., Box the world cost the future for U.S. farming. There are 218, Dept. 1494, Montpelier, VT 05601. a staggering $150 billion to Orders subject to acceptance. annually, which must be a fair other provisions designed keep measure of the political clout of farmers from busting sod and putting farmers everywhere. How realistic are marginal lands in production. This year the chances of ending increasing sub- is the deadline for having all farms sidies and protectionism? participating in government programs A Well, the best single argument for to have a concrete conservation plan in doing so is the vast burden such effect, and it looks as though we're on inefficiencies impose on the world. schedule. This is truly a major achieve- Negotiations in this field are a lot like ment. disarmament talks. No nation wants to at Incredible Savings !

( disarm unilaterally. Nor to unilaterally Q. Is the family farm doomed to 00 $149. Value end its farm export subsidies, either. extinction or can it be saved? Will i But if we can all move together, we can farming continue to lose people to CLASSIC WORLD-WIDE FAVORITES progress. urban centers? l probably con- Style 8101 NOW ONLY A Agriculture will I Q Foreign investors are buying a lot tinue to lose people but the pace of valuable U.S. farm land. Is this a has slowed. We've already gone Style 8102 I serious problem? through most of the difficult market

SAVE EVEN MORE! I believe in free and open invest- adjustment processes. We've also | A 2 PAIRS FOR . ment, just as I believe in free and reached the stage where there are many $8995 | open trade, so we should not dis- more economies of scale to be gained courage foreign investment in agricul- by consolidating farms, and this is why ture any more than in our industrial or the process has slowed. financial sectors. The conditions, So the answer is that the family farm though, should be that we have equal is now alive and well. The worst of the access to investment and trade oppor- financial crisis has passed. We've tunities in other nations. That's the kind worked out a lot of the bugs in our

of world we all should seek, for this is agricultural policies, and I believe that the way to create more goods and given progress in international negotia- YES! Genuine leather uppers AND full leather soles for long, comfortable wear — at fantastic direct to you higher living standards for everyone. At tions the American farmer can look savings! Popular wing-tip and straight oxford style shoes After all, in Black or Brown Sizes 7 to 12 Thousands of satisfied the same time, we must be concerned if forward to better days ahead. customers world-wide 1 Order direct from factory outlet investment patterns become distorted. U.S. farming is the most progressive today 1 Satisfaction guaranteed or money back TO ORDER State style 8, size, and Color Send Check, Money Order, and intensively developed in the

MasterCard or VISA It only and Exp Add $3 95 per pr. for Q- about soil erosion? Are we world — actually, the envy of the hipping/handling Include Phone Number. The What °"Oxford, Co. 2780 Gateway Dr. Pompano Bch., losing this great national resource to world — and we're going to stay that I 3306933 Tel. (305) 968-4110 I HI wind, water and other agents? way. D

48 AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE !

KOREA YOU DON'T NEED page 30 Continuedfrom CASTRO'S PERMISSION TO ENJOY THE UNIQUE HAVANA FLAVOR! provide the shield behind which an infusion of American aid, coupled with CUBAN-SEED-LEAF CIGARS FOR Asian work ethic, will spark the sus- THE MAN WHO THOUGHT HE tained growth which will shortly usher COULDN'T AFFORD THEM! in the Century of the Pacific. The I'll send them to you from Tampa, the fine cigar capital of the world Sample the cigars in Republic of Korea is the most spectacu- my new Sterling Sampler and enjoy a

wonderful new smoking sensation. I'll lar example of the remarkable, region- include a generous sampling of vintage- wide successes achieved by this combi- leaf, long-filler and cut-filler cigars, all perfectly blended for mildness and flavor. nation. That nation is already a major These superb smokes are made with expertly blended Cuban-seed-leaf tobaccos grown and cured the player in world affairs, confident of its old Cuban way in Honduras from seed smuggled out of Cuba They're mild, flavorful and extremely satisfying to the cigar smoker who's destiny. Yet our work there is not done. looking for something new. something better, something exceptionally tasty Experts The still-divided Korean peninsula can't tell them from Havanas You won't be able to either, when you try them Natural wrapper If you're ready for a luxuriously enjoyable smoking experience, try them now. is the vortex of Northeast Asia; the Armistice Agreement remains our MY OFFER TO HrHOMPSON CIGAR CO. oept bbi71 responsibility. Pending North Korean CIGAR LOVERS 5401 Hangar Ct., Box 30303, Tampa, FL 33630 , I I'll send you postpaid a selec- O.K., TOM! Ship me the Sterling Sampler under your money-back guarantee renunciation of its aggressive designs, | | lion of 42 factory-fresh for only $10.90.

American forces on the ground perform cigars —vintage-leaf long-filler Check for $10.90 enclosed (Fla. residents add 6% sales tax) Charge $10.90 to my OVISA . MasterCard American Express Diners Club PLEASE PRINT and cut-filler smokes. If these a unique, non-transferable role. cigars aren't all expected, you Credit Card No Exp Dale Time and distance improve perspec- return the unsmoked ones by United Parcel or Parcel Post tives. It is now indisputable that the within 30 days and I'll refund Korean intervention was pivotal in post- your money. No questions World War II history; and the policies asked. Your delivered cost is only $10.90 for 42 factory- and initiatives that followed were of fresh. Cuban-seed-leaf cigars. OFFER GOOD IN U S ONLY immense benefit to the United States LT and its allies. CREDIT CARD USERS TOLL-FREE 1-800-237-2559 The American men and women who SPEED DELIVERY BY CALLING IN FLORIDA, CALL: 1-800-282-0646 crossed the Pacific to defend a people they had never met in a land they had never known cannot take credit for all that has transpired these past 40 years. But their collective heroism and for- HOT AS THE titude, from the stout defense of the Pusan perimeter onward, was the indispensable achievement, without DEVIL! which South Korea would have fallen. They can stand tall in pride. They won big! And every American has reason to applaud and support the congressionally mandated national Korean War Veterans Memorial to be created in On hot summer days the their honor. Contributions should be interior of your parked car sent to the Korean War Memorial Fund, can become a 200-degree P.O. Box 2372, Washington, D.C. BLAST FURNACE. 20013-2372. You know the feeling: you park your car in the hot sun, and when you return, trudging across a hot

parking lot, you open the car door and are greeted by a heat explosion. The solution: Turn the hot sun to TAPS your advantage with the revolutionary AutoVent. This Solar Powered VEHICLE VENTILATOR Taps Notices mention, whenever possible, those slips easily onto any roll-up window. Its solar panel converts sunlight into electricity to run a small, Legionnaires who have held high national or department yet powerful fan. The fan VENTS OUT stale, hot air, and DRAWS IN fresh, cooler air. Completely office in the Legion or the U.S. government, or who have exchanges the air in your vehicle every 1 5 minutes No wires, no batteries... just FREE POWER from attained other forms of national prominence. the sun to ventilate your car, truck, RV or van. Fits windows from 17.5" to 24" wide. Lightweight, "creature Roy M. Amos, IN Department Commander (1 953-54). maintenance free, weatherproof and impact resistant. Use AutoVent to increase your Elton Ashton, ID National Executive Committeeman comforts" and to Reduce Strain On Your Car's Air Conditioning System, Protect Expensive (1976-82), Alternate National Executive Commit- Electronic Equipment From Excessive Heat And Preserve Upholstery And Dashboard. One year teeman (1972-74), Department Commander (1971- With Auto Vent it's no sweat. Order by mail just $29.95 72), Department Vice Commander (1 969-70). warranty, money back guarantee. TODAY Sanford Baskin Ellis, HI Alternate National Executive with each add'l unit $26.50 each. Add $3.50 shipping per order. ©1990 Committeeman (1983-85), Department Commander (1967-68), Department Vice Commander (1965-67; MC/Visa & COD orders DutchGuard, Dept. VH-4 69-72). R. Robert Filter, National Historian (1973-74). CALL TOLL FREE P.O. Box 411687 Hamilton Frederick Fischer, ME Department Comman- 1-800-821-5157 Kansas City, MO 64141 der (1978-79).

JUNE 1990 49 flexible high-speed SR-7 1 "Blackbird" serving in the "ready" reserves than for reconnaissance aircraft. those in inactive status or National DEFENSE The most important aspect of a Guard units designed mainly for home Continuedfrom page 25 "lean-but-mean" posture would be a defense or expecting call-up only in a major capability for force augmentation national mobilization. Even with such or "regeneration." After all, any incentives plus better training, fully assumptions we make now about future equipped reserve forces come much and airlines with a higher priority Soviet policies may prove wrong. Gor- cheaper than their active duty equiva- reserve program for emergencies. bachev could be replaced by hard-liners lents. Roughly, for each Army or Expanded command, control and or civil conflict might erupt in the Marine division shifted to reserve communications plus intelligence will Soviet Union or Eastern Europe and status, another can be created in that be needed as the single-threat focus of threaten adjacent countries. Unforesee- status with the savings generated over the Soviet Union diminishes. Several able hazards could develop in China, three to five years. But ratios are less for arms-control accords will need exten- the Near East or elsewhere. Navy and Air Force units. We should sive verification. To achieve more of What we need is a much larger, experiment with different combinations what Gen. Charles de Gaulle termed an readier, and better-equipped reserve of wholly reserve elements and units "all-directions" orientation, U.S. structure for all services — most of with active cadres for training and defenses will have to place special which should be subject to a call-up by maintenance purposes. emphasis on global intelligence and the President without a congressionally Another prerequisite of force regen- that context, national satellite systems. In one declared defense emergency. eration virtually ignored in current might question the retirement of the This implies higher incentives for those budget debates is the maintenance of a defense industrial base responsive to

our needs, whether or not it is all PROVEN EFFECTIVE located in the United States. Included here is stockpiling of intermediate goods and machine tools as well as strategic materials, and this maintenance means keeping some critical plants on standby in a reinvigorated THOUSANDS HUUhMIS. REPORT SPIDERS, approach to contingency mobilization. TO REPbL ROACHES, ANTS AND GUARANTEED It will cost money to retain such expan- SQUIRRELS, ETC. FLEAS GONE! MICE, BATS, sion capacity, but much less than the UL LISTED #42J9 EPA EST #47260-CA-02, expense of producing a flow of SPECIAL PURCHASE unneeded military hardware or exces- NOW sive stocks and spares. ONLY 19 Finally, the United States should retain an advantage in military technologies, meaning a healthy research and development establishment. This will not be easy as defense budgets decline, contractors shift to civilian markets and foreign competition grows. The defense budget may have to pick up some of the slack, a sound investment in the future if accom- This is the ultrasonic device registered by the panied by needed improvements in Canadian Agriculture Department for sale in gov- WARNING! If You Read Canada as a repellent for both rats and mice (PCP ernment-industry-labor cooperation. Nothing Else, Read This! Reg. -19674)! This — and not any "cheap" ACT Just plug it in. Don't confuse our top-rated UL- imitation — is made by the manufacturer recog- and watch Without getting into details of mili- TRASONIC Pest Repeller, tested and nized with membership in the National Pest Con- it work! assembled in the USA, by Sonic Tech- tary costing, good management and trol Association, And this is the pest repeller that nology, a leader in Ultrasonic devices, with those non-work- elimination of waste should make it has always offered a FULL 90-DAY UNCONDI- ing, cheap imitations advertised elsewhere for less than $10' TIONAL GUARANTEE... tested and possible to fit such an expandable force MONEY-BACK Our ULTRASONIC PEST REPELLER guarantees you safe, assembled in the USA! fast, affordable pest repelling capability and is backed by our structure into the reduced defense 90-day unconditional money-back guarantee. budgets we must expect. The future DEAD VERMIN IN TRAPS ARE DISGUSTING AND POISONS ARE DANGEROUS! CALL TOLL FREE 1 "800-874-3337 American defense profile could be characterized as high quality, centrally Now DRIVE UNWANTED PESTS OUT OF YOUR U.S. Consumer — Dept. PL- 228 located, smaller, readier, faster and HOME SAFELY - with powerful pulsating ultra- 2721 U.S. 19 N., Suite 173, Palm Harbor, FL 34684 sonic sound that only the pests can hear. If you cheaper forces— plus rapid expandabil- YES! I want to keep my home free from these have a problem with mice, rats and other un- pests. Please rush me my Ultrasonic Pest ity, enhanced global surveillance, and, wanted pests, the ULTRASONIC PEST REPELLER Repeller for only $19,77 plus $2.95 postage can repel them starting immediately by broad- of course, adequate but stable nuclear and handling on your 90-day unconditional casting high-frequency sound waves at 32 to 62 deterrence. Such flex i 1 ibity should money-back guarantee. KHZ (or 32,000 to 62,000 cycles per second) SAVE - 2 Repellers only $35 plus $3.95 S&H. serve us and our key allies well in the that people and pets can't hear... but that make I I Whole House Special! 5 Repellers $75 Postpaid! rodents and other pests affected by ultrasound flux of future uncertainties. But if we is 1 Enclosed $ FL & Ml res. add Sales Tax. scatter It's completely harmless to dogs, cats, proceed helter-skelter, alternating hold- Charge it! Visa AMEX Exp. Date_ birds, fish or farm animals. And you can use it MC the-line with slash-and-burn mentalities, SAFELY AND EFFECTIVELY in houses, apart- Card# ments, offices, barns, stables — even boats and Name we could wind up with the worst possi- RVs 1 Remember— when it's warm outside, that's Address ble combination: economic waste and when they breed ORDER TODAY' ".1990 CSI City State, Zip_ .J military weakness.

AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE Edward J. Derwinski (OO) posturing, for our buddies who are suf- Secretary of Veterans Affairs fering because of things they were COMMANDER 810 Vermont St.,N.W. exposed to in Vietnam while they were Continuedfrom page 10 Washington, DC. 20420 doing their duty. Tell him we need a scientific program If we must conduct more studies, let's conducted by scientists with no connec- conduct real studies right out in the tion to the government to answer the open and make sure the deck hasn't actions because we have a "kinder, very answerable questions about the been stacked from the start. It's time to gentler administration" — took one, health of Vietnam veterans and the end all of this voodoo research and big, collective gullibility gulp. In effect, effects of their exposure to Agent scientific fraud. CDC said: "Hey guys, we're not doing Orange and other herbicides. It's time for those in Washington to an Agent Orange study because one Tell him we also need a political pro- do their duty as we did ours. And you can't be done. But this is what we found gram to rectify the wrongs that have might mention to the Secretary, if those out about Agent Orange exposure from already been done in the name of science people who are now in Washington the study we can't do." and medicine. And tell him we need aren't willing to do that, maybe it's also Then this reputable study throws in some real compassion, not just political time for a change there. the red herring about Navy personnel at sea actually having a higher rate of cancers than those who served in the jungle. ^VIETNAM VETERANS MEMORIAL FUND'S Official CDC is trying very hard to convince us that Vietnam probably causes cancer, but not Agent Orange. Hogwash! This is nothing but scientific sleight of hand. VIETNAM We know it and so does CDC. Any university student who tried to pull off a stunt like that would flunk 'EMEMBERED both statistics and science, and would memorative Belt Buckle probably be expelled for cheating. This Actual size 2'/>" x 3" whole scenario would be laughable if CDC wasn't accorded such credibility, and if this situation weren't so deadly serious. "Kinder, gentler administration." Only "Based not on science, but on compassion." Derwinski's words keep ringing $ in my ears, and the question keeps pop- ping up: How about extending some of 10 that compassion to those other 36,000 Delivery veterans and their families who have Guaranteed

1" filed haven't, r-J- }l nJ- to the first claims, and to those who J V r \

I CITY problems yet, let the Secretary know attesting to the silver and gold content, its STATE/ZIP Limited Edition status and the donation | who you are. Write directly to him so 1990 CS. INC. © Sculpture. E£. HART and V.V.M.F. made to the WMF in your name. I© 1984 All Rights Reserved. the CDC will be able to find you, too:

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the Cuban government expelled Michal Cermak, a correspondent from Czecho- CUSHIONS slovakia's state radio, for crime of the Just slip HEEL CUSHIONS inside reporting in a "completely distorted your shoes and see how much better you feel... A must for any- and almost provocative manner." The one with reporter had evaluated Cuba's economic • Heel pain • Lower back pain crisis and compared the situation to that • Heel spurs • Sore knees • Shin splints • Aching ankles experienced by Czechoslovakia and • Leg pain • Thigh pain Romania. Cermak had concluded that Now... Move Around Without Pain, En- "Cuba is experiencing the calm before joy Walking Again And Feel Inches Taller! the storm." In retaliation, the Czech Heel Cushions offers the promise of relief from ions. Soft, non-bulky design; fits all adult sizes. government announced that Cermak pain, and help in preventing future problems. They mold to your foot (calluses and all!), can be Comfortable, lightweight pads cushion your heels, switched from one pair of shoes to another. would be transferred to Buenos Aires, so painful shock waves can't radiate through the media . American your whole body. Jusf think . . Every time you 30 DAY FREE TRIAL... FULLY GUARANTEED! and Czech Latin take a step, the pressure on your heel is equal Fantastic Shock Absorbers for your hard-working headquarters would be based there, to 3 times your body weight! If you run, stress feet... or return within 30 days for a full refund increases to 4 times your weight.) (except ship. & hdlg.). Our policy is to process instead of Havana. all orders promptly. We charge your credit card is shipped. notified to the of mass No Sore Legs . . . Great For Athletes, Homemakers, Po- only when order Delays Cuba has yet see type promptly. Shipment guaranteed within 60 days. licemen, Waitresses, Salesmen, Every Active Person! demonstrations that brought Eastern Thousands have gotten help from Heel Cush- HANOVER HOUSE®, Hanover, PA 17333 Europe's communist governments to SATISFACTION GUARANTEED — ORDER TODAY! police HANOVER HOUSE? Dept. HHZ-6492 Hanover, PA 17333-0003 their knees. Castro's secret con-

Yes, please rush my HEEL CUSHIONS (Z522482)) right Acct.No.. . tinue to brutally suppress any dissent. away, on full money-back guarantee. Exp. Date . (Please print) o Disaffection is growing in all sectors One pair for only $5.88 plus $1.25 ship. & hdlg. TWO pairs for just $10.88 plus $1.95 ship. & hdlg. Name. of Cuban society, however, especially Address _ among the youth. Vandalism, robberies Enclosed is $ (CA, NV, PA, NJ res. add sales tax) and work absenteeism is reported to be CHARGE MY: VISA MasterCard City Discover Card American Express State/Zip on the rise in Havana. A record number of Cubans are again risking their lives to escape to Florida in small boats and crude rafts. Castro, fearful of the "sub- versive" effect of Eastern European uni-

versities, is reducing the number of Cuban students sent to school in the Soviet bloc. According to Armando Valladares, a former Cuban political prisoner who now leads the U.S. delegation to the United Nations Human Rights Com- mission. Last February, Valladares predicted that the Castro government could not "resist the current tide of history and that military men would lead the island toward democracy." Since the July 1989, show trial and execution of the popular Cuban Gen. "I guess I come from the old school with an old-fashioned work ethic. Arnaldo Ochoa Sanchez and other I don't turn out parts just for the sake of turning out parts. I want Cuban officers on trumped-up drug them to always be as good as they can be. Quality? Is there any other charges, Castro has questioned the loyalty of his military. Wdy. AptxtuHilicoptirpmluaitiit.Culvcrai)! The Soviet-trained Ochoa was a McDonnell Doughs employees like Jim Noble are charactered by much-decorated veteran of combat in their continuous search for excellence, a search that results in products Africa, one of Cuba's rare, true heroes and services that exhibit the rewards ofexcellence -high quality and whose men adulated him. Ochoa was a Borisov, performance, efficient, cost-competitive, and lasting. crony of Lt. Gen. Gennadiy chief of the Soviet Defense Ministry's External Relations Directorate, which

is responsible for military aid to Cuba, and Castro may have feared a Moscow- inspired coup. Castro's brother, Cuban Defense Minister Raul Castro, may also have AfCDO«A/ELt DOUGLAS liquidated Ochoa to remove him as a A company of leaders. rival for leadership after the older

52 AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE Castro's death. Fidel reportedly is suffering from lung cancer. Last October, all the generals in the armed forces were Oon ordered to sign letters of allegiance to Raul Casto, as if there was some doubt PLORtDA, about their loyalty. This January, the Castro brothers temporarily halted rbtirbmbnt/ Cuban troop withdrawals from Angola. Learn how you can retire to sun-kissed Florida Although they asserted that this was play golf FREE for the rest of your life and even use done to express displeasure with the your own golf cart for a nominal trail fee. pace of the peace process, an alternate If you have ever considered Florida Retirement, this full length explanation is fear that the 50,000 com- 1 /2 hour TV Program is a must. It takes you on a tour of Florida's veterans provide the force for bat would most successful, self-contained Active Adult Community. a coup attempt. Shows you... The Soviets have continued to sup- Site Built Homes from Low 30 s to the 60 s • Free Golf Courses and ply Cuba with a variety of modern Country Clubs • Recreational Facilities, our Bowling Center, and weaponry, including tanks, naval ves- Private Restaurants • The Community's Banking, Shopping, Medical and Security Facilities • The Active Retirement Lifestyle sels and aircraft such as the MiG-29 You owe it to yourself to learn how you can enjoy this luxurious fighter-bomber. This supply line has leisure lifestyle on your fixed retirement budget by letting us bring this raised questions about Gorbachev's video tape tour of The Villages of Orange Blossom Gardens into the sincerity in seeking better relations comfort of your own living room. All you to to receive your Vz hour TV Program is with the United States. The truth is that have do FREE fill out the coupon below or call our toll free number. Your tape will much of this material has been "in the be rushed to you, all postage charges prepaid. pipeline" for several years because of bilateral assistance agreements between THE VILLAGES OF ORANGE BLOSSOM GARDENS Call Toll-Free and the Soviet Union. As noted DEPT. TV-5G Cuba 1-800-621-5559 1200 AVENIDA CENTRAL • LADY LAKE, FL 32159 earlier, the Soviet military has a close 1-800-972-5858 NAME In Illinois call: relationship with the professional armed or rush coupon to get forces of Cuba; many senior officers on ADDRESS your FREE Vz hour both sides attended Soviet military CITY FLORIDA academies together. The Kremlin also STATE _ZIP_ VIDEO TAPE! continues to maintain about 7,500 of its PHONE (Void where prohibited. NJA# 10387046 FL.) military personnel in Cuba. A possible scenario for the end of the Castro regime would begin with strikes and food riots as Cuban industry grinds Push-Button Starting • QUIET to a halt because of a lack of oil and WHISPER spare parts, while food supplies dwindle and people are reduced to the starvation Electric TRIMMER level. Internal security forces would begin a bloody crackdown, thousands ON WHEELS! would be shot or imprisoned while the Finally, in world watches in outrage. a •Starts instantly - just plug in and trim. situation reminiscent of Romania, the NO gas, NO fumes, NO hassle!

Cuban armed forces would intervene •Runs QUIETLY - no loud exhaust to bother and depose the Castro brothers after you or nearby neighbors! overwhelming the secret police. •ROLLS light as afeather- NO A military junta would take power to lifting, NO strain, so much easier and less tiring than any maintain order during the slow transi- trimmer you have to carry! tion to a multi-party democracy and a •There's never been an free market, economic system. If this easier trimmer to use! •Plus, works both happens, the United States must with- as a TRIMMER hold recognition of the provisional gov- andasaMOWER! ernment until all Soviet military forces Trims around shrubs, have been withdrawn and Cuba has flower beds and borders ...mows whole lawns, even conclusively halted support for armed overgrown grass and weeds with ease. revolution everywhere in the world. It's the only machine you need ifyou have a fairly small lawn! Once the shackles of Castro's out- fvFCI PtoQco nich ™mnlata FDPC nPTAII C Q h™ it tho"l So, WHY HASSLE YES! Please rush complete FREE DETAILS about the dated Marxist-Leninist doctrine are ALL-ELECTRIC DR™TRIMMER/MOWER plus with under-powered electric trimmers specifications and prices of larger gas powered Manual removed, Cuba can be expected to Electric Starting, and "PRO"Models with "Off-Season" (or any trimmer you have to carry) become one of the most prosperous Savings now in effect. OR with small-wheels mowers? Name nations in Latin America because of its Please mail coupon at right Address proximity to the United States, its farm today for FREE DETAILS City lands, industries tourist attractions. and of the Revolutionary State ZIP It appears only a matter of time now ALL-ELECTRIC DR™ TO: COUNTRY HOME PRODUCTS Dept. A4906B, Box Ferry Road before the people awaken 89, Cuban from TRIMMER/MOWER! [ChariotteJ/T C1990 CHP.Inc. _05445______j their 30-year nightmare.

JUNE 1990 53 !

counselors, Need A Lift? also includes YES YOU CAN SCHOLARSHIPS information on American Legion and Auxiliary scholarships; aid and assist- Continuedfrom page 32 ance for veterans and their dependents make $18.00 to $30.00 an hourl from military organizations; federal — work full time or part time, right at home. scholarships and state and federal aid operate a CASH business where 90C of every for veterans and their dependents; dollar is CASH PROFIT! dents' interests with scholarships for and information on careers, student which they are eligible and likely to employment and cooperative education We'll send you a FREE Lifetime Security Fact Kit — yours to keep with no obligation receive. programs. — that gives you the details on being your In addition to offering the electronic Need A Lift? may be ordered for $2 own boss with a Foley-Belsaw Full-service scholarship search application, the per copy prepaid. Bulk orders of 100 Saw and Tool Sharpening Shop. 39th edition of Need A Lift? contains copies can be purchased for $150 plus YES YOU CAN have independence and make good money. But you have to WRITE new information on about 1 ,400 col- $10 shipping and postage. Orders NOW to get your FREE Lifetime leges, including entrance requirements, should be sent to National Emblem Security Fact Kit. f* costs of room and board, application Sales, The American Legion, P. O. Box Mail the / f§|| deadlines and financial aid forms 1050, Indianapolis, IN 46206. For coupon below. / UfFTHHf I needed. more information about The American Distributed annually to more than Legion/Option 4 Loan Program, call "*•"«"«* WMJrrjy" " security / J 100,000 parents, students and guidance 1-800-321 -VETS. FACT KIT / <£k / Foley-Belsaw Co. I m^Sr I 20900 I Equitable Rd , Dept. 6301 A / Kansas City. Mo. 64120 I J

Foley-Belsaw Co. p^i^A / *» 6301 Equitable Rd., Dept. 20900 I i Lg Kansas City, Mo. 64120 I Harry A. Schwartz (1988), Lonnie E. Beal Sr., James

YES, I want to know more! Please rush my C. Geter, Walter B. Harris Jr., Hubert F. Huggins, FREE Lifetime Security Fact Kit. LIFE MEMBERSHIPS Charles E. Huggins, Willard J. Ogle, Allen R. Ponthieux, J. P. Powell, James E. Reichel, Charles Life Membership notices are published for Legion- W. Smith, John H. Speir, John H. Speir Jr. (1989) Name naires who have been awarded Life Memberships by their Post 10, Natchitoches, LA posts. John F. Donovan (1989) Post 383, South Boston, MA Address Life membership notices must be submitted on official Frank P. Cortesa (1989) Post 1 53, Park Ridge, NJ forms which may be obtained by sending a self-addressed, Conrad Schmidt (1989) Post 286, Pine Hill, NJ City State Zip stamped envelope to: Life Memberships, The American Nicholas V. Alimecco (1989) Post 306, Middlesex. NJ Legion Magazine, P.O. Box 1 Indianapolis, IN 46206 Gibbsboro, NJ 055, Rodger Bechtel (1 989) Post 371 , Area Code' Phone John Kordiyak (1987), John Holmes, Arthur J. Andrew J. Affrunti (1989) Post 21 7, Gilroy, CA Woodward (1989) Post 323, Granville, NY Robert C. Schmidt (1977), Jacob L. Stiener (1982), Norman H. Kuhn, Raymond J. LaPlante, Milton C. John F. Kinsler (1984), Frank Shay (1985), Kenneth Mansfield, Earl F. Rassel, Robert V. Sadler Sr., Byrne, Russell Maxwell (1988), George Carpentier Herold W. Schlesinger, H.B. Schneggenburger, Post 58, Dunnellon, FL Charles P. Schwartz, William E. Schwing, Robert E. Advertisement (1989) Lucius Johnson (1989) Post 296, Marietta, GA Stedler, Joseph C. Tomczak, Herbert H. Webber Thomas A. Evans Sr. (1989) Post 600, Chicago, IL (1988) Post 356, Kenmore, NY Don't Blame Philip C. Buhler (1989) Post 21 8, Algiers, LA Giovanni P. Casale, Andrew J. Frazier, Gustave Charles V. Irwin, Herman Jacquez, Raymond J. Pautz, Leo Wasii (1988) Post 783, Maspeth, NY Swetish A. Light, Charles F. Lux, (1989) Post 51 , Buchanan, Ml Walter Chowaniec, Eugene Your Age For Richard A. Carlson (1 989) Post 41 3, Grand Blanc, Ml Joseph W. Tenbrink Jr., William L. Thomas (1989) George Yochmann (1 989) Post 86, Bethpage, NY Post 1376, New Hartford, NY Rodney O. Baker, Clyde A. Boyd, William J. Cantillon, Michael Bungo (1984), James R. Brown, Arthur Jock Poor Hearing. Richard A. Carney, Cletus G. Fries, Dr. Robert D. Sr. (1989) Post 424, Bellwood, PA Wesleyville, PA Hamsher, James F. Kramer Sr., Frank L. Mathieu, Jack E. Abele (1989) Post 571 , Arthur P. Morsch, Roy A. Werth Sr., Lawrence J. Billy Lee (1990) Post 9, Byrdstown, TN Chicago, 111—A free offer of special inter- Wirth (1 989) Post 87, Dansville, NY Lewis F. Chapman (1984), Burton J. Conway, Ashby est to those who hear but do not under- Richard J. Drummer, Nathaniel W. Engelbert, Albert H. Estep, William A. Gaumer, William F. Hastings, W. stand words has been announced by F. Frainier, Gerard L. Frainier (1988), Cortland D. Winfield Meadors, John N. Neese, Gary A. Beck, Domminc Cassata, George C. Decker (1989) Rhinehart Sr., Jimmy R. Myers Sr., Orville E. non-operating model of the Beltone. A Post 356, Kenmore, NY Ryman, Robert L. Strickler, William W. Wilkins, Guy most popular canal hearing aid in Harry G. Bombard, Frank Cobb, Harold Furnia, C. Wine III, Guy C. Wine Jr. (1990) Post 166, New Wilfred Laundry, Louis Sorrell Post 504, Au Market, VA America today will be given absolutely (1989) Sable Forks, NY Edward J. Nagle (1 989) Post 52. LaCrosse, Wl free to anyone who sends for this free Herman Marino, Arnold McDonald, Richard Merta, Frank J. Rockenstire (1990) Post 308, Hollywood, FL model now. Russell Wright (1989) Post 553, South Glens Falls, Paul J. Brault (1987), Paul A. Morin (1988) Post 337. NY Chicopee, MA Send for this model, it will show you Ashby, William J. Farmer (1989) Post 893, Old Forge, NY Melvin E. Ingerson (1989) Post 361 , MA how tiny hearing help can be. It is not a Edwin Traylor (1989) Post 1039, Central Islip, NY Willard T. Eggerman (1988) Post 372, Lockwood, MO Alexander Gaston (1989) Post 1045, Fishers Island, NY Rene B. Adams (1989) Post 1 57, Brooklyn, NY real hearing aid and it's yours to keep free. Albert D. Cole Jr. (1989), Raymond A. Leonhard Clyde C. Dillon (1989) Post 204, Medina, NY The act ual aid weighs less than an eighth (1990) Post 1050, Mineola, NY Arthur R. Baitz, Edward K. Blair, Harold Bolden Jr., Joseph Conforti, Guldo D'Avi (1990) Post 1443, James J. Burke, Edwin Butz, John R. Carleton, of an ounce, and it fits completely into Greenwood Lake, NY William J. Davern, James A. Gelose, Donald C. the ear canal. Russell F. Trlpl, Henry A. Vogt (1989), Post 1529, Hartley, Clarence W. Hoffman, Robert A. Jufer, These models are free, so we suggest Buffalo, NY Nobert H. Kaufman, Harold A. Krupp, George W. Paul J. Even, James P. Flege, Edward N. Miller (1989) Lane, Edward L. Luberacki, Frank G. Lyons, Jack L. you write for yours now. Again, we repeat, Post 69, Reading, OH Maccagnano, Joseph J. Marks, James A. Moll, there is no cost, and certainly no obliga- Howard Ellis Mitchell (1989) Post 223. Gage, OK Delton H. Ossman, George F. Schneider, Richard W. Pollacci Charleroi, PA Weber, William G. Young, Lavern J. Zastrow (1990) tion. All hearing problems are not alike Charles (1989) Post 22, Charles J. Sherrange (1989) Post 105, North East, PA Post 264, Tonawanda, NY and some cannot be helped by a hearing Robert E. Brown (1988) Post 295, Brownsville, PA Joseph J. Paris (1990) Post 1 790, Rochester, NY aid but many can. So, send for your free William A. Frank, John C. Shoop (1989) Post 648, C. Richard Fox, George R. Snoke (1990) Post 290, Halifax, PA Columbiana, OH model now. Thousands have already been Robert T. Gray (1987), Billy Hlx, Walter E. Hughes, Walter J. Hellerman (1989) Post 179, Yeadon. PA mailed, so be sure to send your name, ad- Bobby Jones, James Markham, Jess Poag, Henry William L. Fulton, Joan E. Hastings, Charles H. P. Moser, M. Strong Post 455, dress and phone number today to Dept. Rivers, Oscar Rublo, Frank Watson, John Young Denwood (1990) (1988) Post 88, Donelson.TN Stewartstown, PA 1 4798, Beltone Electronics, 4201 West Harold G. Polley (1989), Post 277, Placentia, CA Joseph Atroslc, Daniel J. Deasy, William A. Gels, Victoria Street, Chicago, Illinois 60646. Sidney G. Foster, Lulgl Vlles (1989) Post 724, Weott, Charles A. Hassler, George A. Kempt, Lawrence J. CA Morgan, Joseph J. Roach (1989) Post 823, In California, your local authorized Kenneth E. Spence (1989) Post 4, Pocatello, ID Pittsburgh, PA Beltone dispenser may call. Joseph G. Szubka, William P. Tomczak (1989) Post Robert Fulker (1989), John E. Hayes, Don Mogen ©I'i'wi IMiihic neuronics C orporation 493, Chicago, IL (1990) Post 24, Aberdeen, SD

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.SILVER WAR NICKELS . TABLE PADS MARTIN'S FLAG CO. ^WT All Eleven Different Dates ""Jf" ASK ABOUT ALL KINDS - ALL SIZES - PROMPT SHIPMENT ^ 1942 thru 1945 only $9.95 LEAF SPECIAL Ask for our colorful catalog for 1990 SATISFACTION GUARANTEED! FREE Write or Call: FREE HOLDER! FREE PRICE LISTS! P SAVEto 70°/o (800) 992-3524 (U.S.) CHESS COIN (800) 248-3524 (Iowa) Factory Priced From DEPT. 13, WYOMING, PA 18644-153 P.O. BOX 1118 - FORT DODGE, IOWA 50501-1118 $29.95 Compare at 99 95 Quality Pad • Any Normal Size nonmirw 1 (800) 428-4567 under table 1 FACTORY DIRECT TABLE PAD COMPANY CfEAN AIR FO^YOUrTpOsfoVwORKpTaCE "I Clear smoke from the air with a Smokemaster I JAPANESE SWORDS WANTED commercial or industrial air cleaner. I ARMOUR, ANTIQUE JAPANESE GUNS, ETC. Supplies Call 1-800-328-0787 I Cell Cleaner for FREE brochure or I ordering information. AOKI CO., TOKYO, JAPAN - NOW HAS OFFICES IN U.S. Parts for I MN residents call: Highest Prices Paid! Japanese Price Much Higher Than U.S. Price, many brands (612) 544-4426 I we will exceed all legitimate offers. Try us! I AOKI CO., LTD. - Attn. Mr. Takeda Air Quality Engineering, Inc. 23441 GOLDEN SPRINGS, SUITE 292 I 3340 Winpark Drive, Minneapolis, MN 55427 DIAMOND BAR, CA 91765 J Phone: 714-860-5137 • 1-800-232-2654

AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE 7 ' Legion shopper

$79.95 THE ORIGINAL $49.95 FIVE FOREIGN Value TS45 Spec/a/ I'LL PAY YOU BANK NOTES only 50* < • Side lever Cocking • Adult Type • 177 Cal. • 800 FPS 300 Yard Range • Hardwood Stock • Rifled Barrel • All Metal Parts Blued • Adjustable Sights $9,785.01 This is the regular steel 1943 Penny THIS THE ULTIMATE IN CHINESE AIR RIFLES Only 4 found to FOR date made Manufactured from high quality materials. Exquisite slightly ditlerent PENNY! workmanship. Excellent accuracy. accidentally It Money! Money! Money! makes the world go i Will you be the "» around. Here's a collection of real foreign money lucky "SW that will bring you around to the exciting world of Foreign Bank Note Collecting. Travel back ml $1,000,000 HUNT FOR RARE COINS!

time to WW II with a Japanese occupation note. Just look at the price ranges paid lor certain:

+ Excellent Target & Training Rifle. Receive a strange little note from Hong Kong, Gold Coins before 1933 $38,500 00 * Order now and receive 200 rounds df ammo free. along with 3 other notes from Indonesia, China & Half-pennies before 1909 3,600 00 Bulgaria, all for only 50'. Also receive fine bank Pennies before 1956 5,100.00 Nickels before 60 day money back guarantee notes from our approval service, buy only what 1946 8,000 00 Dimes before 1965 6,200 00 Orders shipped within 24 hours. Credit Card & phone you like, return balance. Order yours now! Quarters before 1964 4,800 00 orders call 1-800-726-1696 M-F 9-5. Compasseco, RO. Jamestowh Stamp Co., Inc. Half Dollars before 1947 5.750 00 427, 801 Taylorsville, Bloomfield, KY 40008. Add $4 shp. Dept. B60AL Dollars before 1940 12,000 00 each. KY OH, & IN res. add 5% sales tax. Jamestown, NY 14701-0019 Foreign Coins before 1948 17,550 00 BUY FROM A LIFE MEMBER Member ASDA • APS Hold onto your coins until you check them against my OFFICIAL ILLUSTRATED Coin Catalog. Right now you may have a fortune hidden in everyday coins in your pocket, purse, piggy bank, or attic. Coins don't have to be old to TELL THE WORLD YOU SERVED! be extra valuable! Over a million dollars paid last year alone s s to lucky owners of coins dated as recent as 1963! My

Make 25to 100 per hour OFFICIAL Coin Catalog lists the big cash profits I'll pay you From $98 on hundreds of U.S. and Foreign coins... identifies the rare n PRECIOUSjnetal with coins and dates and how to spot them! Cash in on the Coin Bonanza. Send today for our OFFICIAL COIN CATALOG and Yes, it's really possible by making — receive FREE Bonus Report TO COIN FOR- and selling bright, colorful Badge- "HOW YOUR A-Minit buttons. Buttons are TUNE", they may reward you with thousands of extra dol-

proven money-makers at fairs, lars Mail $2.99 plus $1.00 lor rush delivery, TODAY! SAVE ARMY-NAVY -*Vl flea markets, conventions, or OVER $3.00! Mail $9.95 plus $3.00 shipping tor lull year AIR FORCE- MARINES ^ anywhere people congregate. subscription (4 quarterly editions). 30-day Money Back They're fast and easy to make Guarantee if not delighted. PRESTIGE RINGS you'll wear with pride Worlds largest with Badge-a-Minit and selection ol military rings Over 1000 combinations Visa or inexpensive! MATT NUMISS, Dept. AM-690 MasterCard Money Back Guarantee' Send for a FREE Full color 37 Brampton Road, Box 458, Great Neck, NY 11022 or Send SI for full color catalog today catalog and idea book, , send for a Starter Kit, only T-J JEWELRY CO. $29.95 plus $1.75 shipping Box 2730- LFO Apache Junction, AZ 8521 (IL residents add $1.87 tax) (successors 10 Royal Military Jewelryl Badge-A-Minit. Dept. AL690 224-2090 348 North 30th Rd . Box 800. LaSalle. ML 61301. Phone (815) AMERICAN LEGION CUT-ABOUT KNIFE

factory ADJUSTABED Comfort DIRECT f\ , Electric Hand Control from Zippo • FLAGS, BANNERS f) Lifetime Warranty ONLY • As Low as $25 a month $14.95 DECORATIONS postpaid Ready made • Made to order At Below Wholesale Prices For FREE Catalog Number Call 1-800-628-3524 76268 Single blade-Thinline carroT-TOP inDusTries mc. design No pocket P.O. Box 820 • Hillsborough, NC 27278 bulge— Guaranteed Full Color Legion emblem NATIONAL EMBLEM SALES, Dept. SM20, P. O. Box 1050, Indiana- polis, IN 46206 Super Power...Super Value!

Super Scout® delivers 24-volt power to carry 250 lbs. up a 25% incline & travel easily on soft terrain. Highly maneuverable, indoors & out. Disassembles for lightweight portability. Packed with deluxe features... $200 all standard at Super Scout's® unbeatable $500,000 price! Medicare coverage available. PAID TOLL FREE 800-435-5119 Send for FREE information today! French Art Glass n.alk , Daum) and Tiffam Lamps also wanted.

| DEPT. LS-690 I will exceed all legitimate offers by 25% for swords N P.O. Box 1064 I wish to add to my collection. BU2KE C. Mission. KS 66222 David E. J. Pepin — Member NBTHK, Tokyo, Japan Dept. AM, P.O. Box 354, Grant Park, IL 60940 TOLL-FREE 1-800-255-4147. MEMBER of AMERICAN LEGION

JUNE 1990 57 '

Legion shopper

LEGIONNAIRES New QUARTERMASTERI YOUR VINTAGE ^Si^ SURVIVAL wrist watch wBS& BOOT Armed COULD BE WORTH nMpif 1 KNIFE Forces $100,000 - the Men OT ONLY * W'HOSKXDlN WATCH SHOWN: S 95 Catalog THE DOOR ^^S^S 12 18KS1 5,000 1 4 K $1 0,000 STEfc, S3.000 gS^y, • Add $1.05 Hndl. Flight Coll for other watch prices. Top prices paid for Rolex, Jackets Patek, Vacheron, Carrier, Audemars, Movado, Breirling, • Patches and Universal Geneve watches of any kind. Exact price depends on style of case, dial, originality and condition. Model • Ribbons P K-99-A ADVENTUBE SPORTSWEAR To sell a watch call: 1 (800) 922-4377 or • Medals (813) 896-0622. For free appraisals write: Double edge 440 stainless • Insignia steel blade. FuM tang one • Display Boxes piece construction. Leather HESS INVESTMENTS sheath with quick release Send $3.00 Fc r Full Color Catalog To: Home Office: One Fourth Street North, Suite 965 snap and metal boot/belt St. Petersburg, Florida 33701 clip. Money Back Guaranteed THE QUARTERMASTER If Not Fully Satisfied" WESTBURY SALES CO., DEPT BK-6-AL Dept. AL6, 750 Long Beach Blvd. 156 Post Ave., Westbury, New York 11590 Long Beach, CA 90813 NOW! HERNIA RELIEF,. GSsrSUPPORTO/TRUSS

Celebrate July 4th & All Events U.S. MILITARY CAPS The same baseball caps sold aboard U.S. Navy warships. They are navy blue

with gold embroidery, full (not meshjiack) and adjustable![one size fits all). CARBIDE CANNON two pads Ms l»M right and double 29?° postage & handling

Mammoth Cannons All-ln-One garment is a pair of shorts, an abdominal and Shoot With Terrific Boom! Have bang-up J scrotal support, as well as an unsurpassed truss for reducible | time special at events. inguinal hernia. "Elasto-Band" wraps around body at point of Uses powdered carbide ammo. Hundreds ^iW ^SS? hernia for secure and comfortable protection. Washable. Buy " BSTTtlSHIPS: IOWA, NEW JERSEY. MISSOURI, WISCONSTIOEW of shots for few cents. All metal Ni^^vjigi^ 17 4 25 two for $35.00 plus $3.50 postage. Send hip measure and YORK, TEXAS. ARIZONA, CALIFORNIA, WEST VIRGINIA, WASHINGTON. construction with large, rugged ^vsggs**^ style thown AIRCRAFT CARRIERS: MIDWAY. CORAL SEA, FORRESTAL, SARATOGA. check to: Guarantee. cast iron wheels. Machined brass mechanism for easy loading Money Bock RANGER, INDEPENDENCE, KITTY HAWK, CONSTELLATION, ENTERPRISE, & firing. Authentic turn-of -century military design. Handsome Piper Brace Co., 811 Wyandotte, P.O. AMERICA, JOHN F. KENNEDY, NIMITZ. EISENHOWER. VINSON, ROOSEVELT Box 807 decor when not in usa Made in USA to last a lifetime Available RETIRED: NAVY, MARINES, COAST GUARD. ARMY AIR FORCE. in 3 sizes: 9" Cannon (#7387 - $29.98); 17" Cannon Dept. AL50ST Kansas City, Mo. 64141 EMBLEM: NAVY (officer), (officer retired), (C.P.0.-E-9. E-8. E-7). (C.P.O .-. (#7384- $59.98) & 25" Cannon (#7389 - $74.98) have VISA & MC are OK. Give No. & Exp. Date retired - E-9 retired. E-8 retired, E-7 retired), (wings - pilot, flight officer, automatic loading & rapid firing. The larger the cannon t;he flight crew), (submarine dolphins), (seabees), (seals), MARINES, COAST louder the boom! Carbide Ammo, about 100 shots, $3.98; GUARD, ARMY, AIR FORCE, and TOP GUN. 3 packs for $9.98. Add $4. 50 ship. /hand, per cannon. Send CUSTOM: Any ship not listed above or any military unit is available as a check, money order or phone (813) 747-2356. Visa, Master- custom cap. The minimum quantity for a custom cap is two per ship or unit Card, Amex accepted. Florida residents add 6% sales tax. (both with eggs or both without eggs). Custom caps must be ordered in even Money back guarantee. Johnson Smith Co., Dept. B-389 numbers The top line is twenty spaces maximum and the bottom line is twelve P. O. Box 25500, Bradenton, FL 34206-5500. spaces maximum. EMBLEMS ARE NOT AVAILABLE ON CUSTOM CAPS.

Caps are $12.00 each or $14.00 each with scrambled eggs. Add $2.50 for shipping. CA residents add 6%. Allow eight weeks for delivery. No CODs

HAMPTON COMPANY, Dept. T. P.O. Box 3643, Tustin, CA 92681

FACTORY DIRECT! HERNIA RELIEF PAST COMMANDER INTAGLIO PRECIUM RING •Medicare Reimbursible AVOID OPERATION! in a new high-lustre alloy of gold, silver and •Push Button Control Since 1919 the IMK Hernia palladium which makes the new look in •Lifetime Warranty Support has provided pain- American Legion rings. Past Commander is relief millions. Doctor pre- to only office available. Order No. 74182 at scribed at no cost to you. CALL TOLL FREE $225.00 plus$10shipping and handling. Give (if qualified w/medicare.) order National 1-800-835-2246 ext. 83 FOR FREE INFO WRITE ring size. Mail check and to Legion, Dept. For FREE Information and Prices IMK 19 W. 34th St Rm. 9154. Emblem Sales, The American New York. N Y 10001 IN 46206. AMERICAN HEALTH MANUFACTURING M201 ,PO. Box 1050, Indianapolis, Dept. AL, P.O.Box 16287, Baltimore MD 21210

NEST BE GONE ft ^ Spray can holder for — MAGIC CHAMOIS

I (FULL SIZE AND MINIATURE) Will fit any pole or broom handle. Ad|ust 'A Great tor Cars. Boats, R V 's, Kitchens, to any can, pull string & spray Mail check, SENT 1ST CLASS MAIL $1 00 Golt, Swimming, Camping, Backpacking, etc BHOUI DEfl PA rCHES WINGS BADGE VISA or MasterCard » - $8.75 (includes

NMGNiA if jFN T IF If, AT ION HOOK', f rr. shipping) Oiwr I.OOO.OOO sold In IEM9 48 PAGE CATALOG f 7 to list* urry duraMr SENT 1ST CLASS MAIL \2 00 Temple Tool Die, Inc. You'll lour Ihrm nnrl i/oit BOTH CATALOGS 12 50 & I 32 Library St., Allenstown, NH 03275 grl our Money Bach Ousmnlae OUINCY SALE IN l Chamois (27*201 lot only »i OO 3 1 H I PO BOX 700113- AL t (603) 485-3521 — MADE U.S.A. H.M L TULSA OK LA 74170 BRONZE STAB

VOUR OWN ZODIAC Call for a FREE catalog!1 SIGN IMPRINTED Special buys on hydraulics, motors, I ON riNE OUALITY QUARTZ LADIES 8. MEN S WATCHES. Buy FACTORY- DIRECT ! winches, air compressors, spraying sj mhotmoth m mmm mmhhh^ YOU MUST BE PLEASED OR equipment, security systems, more! If MONEY BACK GUARANTEE IN battery 'OpRrfitnd scooter puts moro NEW., 30 DAYS FOR • 38 OO PLUS fun into hf«...u*f! it at home, go shopping, SURPLUS CENTER I *) •3 00 SHIPPING t HANDLING visit friends, travel. Lightweight, fit', all ALLOW 4 TO 0 WEEKS FOR Call 24 Hours A Day, 7 Days A Week OEUVERY ft car trunks. Money Back Guarantee! 3 JENNINGS IMPORTS STRUCK CORP.»Dept: AM60S 800-228-3407 |J 116b Per edits Line Rd » 1 507 r.l 'j • Browntvilla Tsui 78521 UAIiliUUfi, Wl SO I V M P.O. Box lUtm-AL Limoln, Nl MIVII

V; AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE 1

PEACE OF MIND SECURITY! CHAIN BURGLAR Control Water Weeds Amazing new Underwater Harvesting Tool! IMPOTENCE the WATERWEEDER Harvester ALARM "Works just like a SCARES INTRUDERS AWAY VIRTUALLY EVERY MAN THAT hedgetrimmer underwater"^^. SUFFERS FROM IMPOTENCE CAN BE HELPED WITH... THE ENCORE SYSTEM THE NEW PATENTED SAFE

EFFECTIVE ALTERNATIVE TO Cut aquatic vegetation from a boat, from a dock or simply by wading in from shore. Control weed SURGERY, DRUGS OR INJECTIONS growth the environmentally safe way. • Satisfaction Guaranteed or money backl LOUD AUDIBLE ALARM Our ENCORE™ System is a Call or write today for FREE information package. • EASY TO INSTALL TOLL FREE 1-800-552-1217 safe, easy to use, technique TM • PROTECTS ENTRYS

designed to improve the quality Wotcrydc Product^ Corp. • STURDY - STRONG of your life by supplementing P.O. Box 876. Lake Matiopac. New York 10S41 • ALLOW 4-6 WEEKS the loss of natural function. FOR DELIVERY In some states Medicare or MAKE CHECK PAYABLE TO: insurance will reimburse cents INDIAN-LINCOLN J.P.K. ASSOCIATES TOLL FREE you if you have a doctor's P.O. BOX 1 20-271 -I v By the POUND! 1 OWaMaS^ statement of medical need. EAST HAVEN, CT 06511 25 to 100 years old! Mm'-- V -V PLEASE ACCEPT MY ORDER FOR ONE CHAIN FOR FREE BROCHURE AND Unsorted bank sacks BURGLAR ALARM - $1 0.95 Plus H & S $2.25. 2 stored for many years. DISCOUNT PRICE FOR OR MORE AT INFORMATION CALL TOLL FREE: $1 0.45 each. Plus H & S $2.25. Offered grab bag' style. VISA MASTERCHARGE

• 1-800-221-6603 Sample Rag 1 25) S5 NAME ON CARD 1 lb' lappiox 1301 - S22 ACCT. NO. 5 lbs • lappiox 6501 S99 EXPIRATION DATE OR WRITE TOj| '« SIGNED LIBERTY & BUFFALO NICKELS DATE NAME — (PRINT CLEARLY) By the POUND! , ENC0RE.inc. ADDRESS _ APT_ MEDICAL PRODUCTS 45 to 100 ytars old 1 CITY _ ZIP_ Unsorted accumulation held SEND CHECK OR MONEY ORDER - NO C.O.D. lor many years Ideal group 4820 U.S.42 • Dept AL • Louisville, KY • 40222-6355 that increases in value yearly!

Sample mixed bag (25) - S10

- I lb lapprox 90 pcsl S35

"Add $2.50 lb. for pstg ins. & handling. ELECTROPEDIC® ADJUSTABLE BEDS All Major Credit Cards Accepted. Order direct from the Electropedic ' Factory HOBBIES UNLIMITED, Dept. AL6 WWII Twin $949 (Reg. $1299) 14755 Ventura Blvd., Box 1-680 Since 1964. Full $1249 (Reg. $1599) Sherman Oaks, California 91403 IQueen $1549 (Reg. $1899) I— 30 Day Money Back Guarantee —I LEGIONNAIRES Dual $1898 (Reg. $2598) TOLL FREE THE BOOK ENIGMA is a concise 1-800-551-2010 chronological account of the major - 1-800-443-5758 Money Back Guarantee PROSTATITIS engagements in the Pacific and Atlan- tic; its worldwide aftermath particu- CONSTIPATION SOLVED! larly in Japan. How did the attack at $10 for 30 DAY SUPPLY 1 If you are suffering from frequent urina- Pearl Harbor come about? The deci- tion, especially at night, back, hips, leg pain, -SUPER DIETERS TEA- sive part played by our ability to read PLEASANT TASTING* FAST ACTING nervousness and fatigue, it may be signs of Price includes s/h the military code used by the Germans Check. Money order. Visa. M/C. AmEx or Dis. prostate infection. Include Account No. and Exp. Date Rectal pain, burning and itching are most and Japanese. The Soviets today and OR CALL 1-800-233-0774 likely indications of internal hemorrhoids, a their plans for World Conquest despite Vitamin House painful condition in both men and women. ^0(minceton_P_ike •J^enceville._NJ 08648_ Glasnost. J A time tested, non-surgical treatment

method is available for these conditions. Limited pre-publication edition. The Excelsior Institute Clinic will send 2%" MAPLE TEES Mail check payable to Reliant Pub- PRO TEES REDUCED RATES! you a FREE BOOK that explains how these iwith small head lishers Inc. for $9 plus $ l .95 handling 1 Line Imprint problems may be corrected without surgery. 250 $ 950 and postage (NY residents add 7 Vi% 500 $ 16.95 Send for book today. 25.95 1000 $ Excelsior Institute Clinic sales tax) with cut out box below to: 5000 $109.95 1 10 E. Broadway, Dept. 104E Send Check To: FREIGHT INCLUDED Reliant Publishers Inc. HOUSE OF TEES 12 Colors Excelsior Springs, MO 64024 P.O. Box 5000 Dept. 706 23 Letters & Spaces P.O. Box 607 Dover, N.J. 07801-5000 NJ Tax - 6% Southold, NY ll 97

(print for return of book)

HAT PINS - PATCHES - FLAGS All Types • All Sizes 600+ MILITARY DESIGNS FLAGS All Made In The U.S.A. Name FREE 24 Poge ILLUS CATALOG U.S.A. • State • International • Custom-Made WE DO CUSTOM WORK • Miniatures • Historical • Poles, too Deoler Inquires Welcome Address Over 5000 flags in stock HOOVER'S MFG. CO. Write or phone for free brochure City 4015AL Progress Blvd. V PERU, IL 61354 V THE FLAG FACTORY (815) 223 11 59, Ask For David 4156L Library Rd./Rte. 88 • Pittsburgh. PA 15234 • 1-800-521-FLAG State Zip

JUNE 1990 59 "

Parting shots

Obit Bit "I was reading the obituaries," one

friend said to another, "and I noticed a strange thing: People seem to die in alphabetical order."

Re-Walled Once the Berlin Wall is demolished, will another wall be erected to com- memorate where the wall once stood?

Starting Price Have you seen those ads for cars that start at $15,000? How much are the cars if they don't start?

Compact Disc, Expanded Noise Some of those heavy-metal bands'

'Ha! I knew you 'd come crawling back to me. compact discs sound so lifelike, it seems you can almost reach out and strangle the musicians. Open Ears Micro Series

'"Daddy, can I pierce my ears a third "I recently bought my first VCR and time?" asked a twice-pierced daughter. accidentally connected it to our micro- Couch Potato Technology "Honey, why, for Heaven's sake, do wave oven," the electronic klutz said. "I'm on the cutting edge of technol- you want to get your ears pierced a third "But I watched The Winds of War in six ogy," boasted the TV jockey from his time?" minutes." couch. "Even my remote control oper- "To keep up with my brother, of ates by remote control." course." Faulty Will The multi-millionaire who left all his Fare Measure Hacking Cough money to earthquake research was Each year, the continents drift an "My computer has a virus." the com- generous to a fault. inch farther apart. Maybe that's why puter hacker said. "But I bought it a airfares have been rising. modem so it can call in sick."

Slice Of Life "You know," mused a gentleman to Crashing By Design his friends, "life expectancy is 78 for For years, auto designers have tried women and 72 for men. So, when I'm to make a crash-proof car, but they keep 71,1 plan to get a sex-change opera- running into a brick wall. tion."

New News Fool's Expressway There's so much fast-breaking news; "There's a fool born every minute, last night a network interrupted a news and most of them seem to end up in flash for a news flash. front of you on the highway.

Knowledge Acknowledged Educational Stimulation

If a little knowledge is a dangerous "My daughter's sex education class "I've always said, 'where there's a will

thing, Washington, D.C., must be one didn't worry me," the concerned father there 's a way. ' And the wayfor me was the of the most dangerous places on Earth. said, "until they scheduled a field trip." $27 million my old man left me in his will.

60 AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE The last windshield wiper you'll ever buy. We guarantee it!

Never change another windshield wiper blade for as long as you own your car.

Wiper blades so superior they're guaranteed for as long as you own your car.

OFFICIAL NOTICE These are the ORIGINAL TRIPLEDGE™ LIFETIME Amazing WIPERS Don't be fooled by cheap imitations!! TRIPLEDGE WIPERS The ORIGINAL WIPER BLADE Tripledge Wiper Blades LIFETIME WIPERS TRIPLEDGE WIPERS are made from DuPont Have 3 Wiper Edges Nordel®—the same material used in 50,000 mile Never Buy Another Pair radial tires—making them virtually indes- tructible. Resistant to sun, heat, smog and sub- of Wiper Blades! zero temperatures, TRIPLEDGE LIFETIME WIPERS will never tear, crack, split, rot, dry out Three quality wiping edges in each direction. 1. Clearing or stick or freeze to your windshield. WE The first edge clears off water or snow, the Edge for weather second removes bugs, road film and dirt and GUARANTEE IT. Don't wait bad Cleaning 2. Squeegee to replace your current inferior wipers. ORDER finally the third edge squeegees your wind- Edge Edge shield clean. The distinctive barrel-shaped your set of TRIPLEDGE LIFETIME WIPERS Clearing edge— removes most 're thefirst only wiper blades center resists distortion and won't "chatter" ...NOW! They and rain or snow without touching car. like ordinary blades. The multi-claw super guaranteedfor as long as you own your the glass. structure distributes pressure evenly so You must be delighted with your purchase, or Cleaning edge—gets bugs, road return it for a prompt and full refund. TRIPLEDGE™ LIFETIME WIPERS con- film and dirt. you may form to the curve of your windshield, for a Squeegee edge—wipes glass CHARGE IT! PHONE TOLL FREE completely clean wipe better than conventional wiper blades. 1-800-522-3131 (24 HRS, 7 DAYS')

Ltd., Dept. 570-187, Drive Safely . .Our Wipers Keep Your MAIL TRIPLEDGE, RBM Windshield Clean Through Any TO: Box 1 330, Westbury, NY 1 1 595 Yes, please send me Pairs of TRIPLEDGE™ Kind of Bad Weather! LIFETIME WIPERS.

Why throw away good money after bad? That's what happens 1 Pair $19.95 + $4.50 Shipping when you buy ordinary wipers which may not last six months. SAVE ON 2 Pair $37.90 + $4.50 Shipping Ordinary wiper blades are made from inferior rubber and 2 OR 3 Pair $55.85 + $4.50 Shipping quickly deteriorate from sunlight and chemicals. They tear, MORE Rear Wipers $10.95 ea. + $2.50 Shipping crack, streak, smear and stick or freeze to your windshield. BE the Car Care Council advises that failing to replace your SAFE, Car #1 YEAR. MAKE MODEL current wipers in time will not only create a severe driving Car #2 YEAR _ MAKE MODEL hazard, but can also damage your windshield with wiper Car #3 YEAR _ MAKE MODEL scratches. Rear Wipers? Car #1 Car #2 Car #3

Total Enclosed $ Make check to RBM Ltd. In NY.CA add sales tax. or CHARGE VISA MASTERCARD. Enter 13 or 16 numbers below:

Card# I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I

Expire Date (Mo.) (Yr.). (R58760-01) Mr/Mrs/Ms/Miss

Easy, do-it-yourself installation. Each pair is custom fit to Address your make and model car, truck or van—domestic and foreign. Fits virtually any make, any year. City State Zip

You're at the top of your game —

DRESS THE PART ! COMMAND RESPEC1 * Razor-sharp crease! Made in U.S.A. Quality! * Wash & wear Tropical Weight woven polyester! * Dressier quarter-top front pockets! * Button-thru back pocket tab! * Narrower, more stylish belt loops!

, * Ban-Rol® no-roll inner waistband! To get yours, use this Wonder Slacks easy order form and send today! TropicalWONDERWeight SLACKS 3 for 37.25 4 for 49.1

WAISTS: 30 32 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 'BIG MEN'S PLEASE ADD $2 PER PAIR FOR 46 48 50 52 54 YOUR EXACT INSEAM: 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34

WM»T WH«T HOW HABAND 0E2 SLACKS WHIST? INSHHI7 mum 265 N. 9th Street B Paterson, NJ 07530 NAVY Ym! Send C BROWN pairs for D SAGE

which I enclose G SLATE plus $2.95 Q GREY postage 8t handling. R TAN

MY CHECK ENCLOSED Visa MasterCard Exp. data .

Card » 100% SATISFACTION GUARANTEED OR MONEY BACK ANY TIME!

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band Address Apt •h Stiff! .\v rst-y 07510

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