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A Method to Accommodate Backward Compatibility on the Learning Application-Based Transliteration to the Balinese Script
(IJACSA) International Journal of Advanced Computer Science and Applications, Vol. 12, No. 6, 2021 A Method to Accommodate Backward Compatibility on the Learning Application-based Transliteration to the Balinese Script 1 3 4 Gede Indrawan , I Gede Nurhayata , Sariyasa I Ketut Paramarta2 Department of Computer Science Department of Balinese Language Education Universitas Pendidikan Ganesha (Undiksha) Universitas Pendidikan Ganesha (Undiksha) Singaraja, Indonesia Singaraja, Indonesia Abstract—This research proposed a method to accommodate transliteration rules (for short, the older rules) from The backward compatibility on the learning application-based Balinese Alphabet document 1 . It exposes the backward transliteration to the Balinese Script. The objective is to compatibility method to accommodate the standard accommodate the standard transliteration rules from the transliteration rules (for short, the standard rules) from the Balinese Language, Script, and Literature Advisory Agency. It is Balinese Language, Script, and Literature Advisory Agency considered as the main contribution since there has not been a [7]. This Bali Province government agency [4] carries out workaround in this research area. This multi-discipline guidance and formulates programs for the maintenance, study, collaboration work is one of the efforts to preserve digitally the development, and preservation of the Balinese Language, endangered Balinese local language knowledge in Indonesia. The Script, and Literature. proposed method covered two aspects, i.e. (1) Its backward compatibility allows for interoperability at a certain level with This study was conducted on the developed web-based the older transliteration rules; and (2) Breaking backward transliteration learning application, BaliScript, for further compatibility at a certain level is unavoidable since, for the same ubiquitous Balinese Language learning since the proposed aspect, there is a contradictory treatment between the standard method reusable for the mobile application [8], [9]. -
Suspicious Identity of U+A9B5 JAVANESE VOWEL SIGN TOLONG
L2/19-003 Suspicious identity of U+A9B5 JAVANESE VOWEL SIGN TOLONG Liang Hai / 梁海 <[email protected]> Aditya Bayu Perdana / <[email protected]> ꦄꦢꦶꦠꦾ ꦧꦪꦸꦥꦢꦤ 4 January 2019 1 Acknowledgements The authors would like to thank Ilham Nurwansah and the Script Ad Hoc group for their feedback. Ilham Nurwansah also kindly provided the Sundanese samples (Figure 2, 3, 4, and 5). 2 Background In the original Unicode Javanese proposal L2/08-015R Proposal for encoding the Javanese script in the UCS, the character tolong (U+A9B5 JAVANESE VOWEL SIGN TOLONG) was described as a vowel sign that is used exclusively in the Sundanese writing system with three major use cases: 1. Used alone as the vowel sign o 2. As a part of the vowel sign eu: <vowel sign ĕ, tolong> 3. As a part of the letters and conjoined forms of reu/leu: <letter / conjoined form rĕ/lĕ, tolong> Table 1. Sundanese tolong usage according to the original proposal Written form ◌ ◌ꦵ ◌ꦼ ◌ꦼꦵ ◌� ◌�ꦵ A9C0 PANGKON A9BC PEPET Encoding (A9B5 TOLONG) A989 PA CEREK (A9B5 TOLONG) (A9B5 TOLONG) Transcription a o ĕ eu rĕ reu Pronunciation [a] [o] [ə] [ɤ] [rə] [rɤ] See also the note under Table 2. However, tolong appears to be merely a stylistic variant of tarung (U+A9B4 JAVANESE VOWEL SIGN TARUNG), therefore the disunification of tolong from tarung is likely a mistake. 3 Proposal The Unicode Standard needs to recommend how the inappropriately disunified character U+A9B5 JAVANESE VOWEL SIGN TOLONG should be handled. 1 In particular, clarification in the names list and the Core Specification is necessary for explaining the background of the mis-disunification and recommending how both the tarung and tolong forms for both the Javanese and Sundanese languages should be implemented. -
A Buddhist Monk's Journeys to Heaven and Hell
A Buddhist Monk’s Journeys to Heaven and Hell Jana Igunma British Library102 Phra Malai, the Buddhist saint known for his legendary travels to heaven and hell, has long fi gured prominently in Thai religious treatises, works of art, and rituals – particularly those associated with the afterlife. The story is one of the most popular subjects of nineteenth-century illustrated Thai manuscripts. The earliest examples of these Thai manuscripts date to the late eighteenth century, though it is assumed that the story is much older, being based on a Pali text from Sri Lanka. Phra Malai is mentioned in a Burmese inscription from the thirteenth century, and anonymous Northern Thai versions of the story may go back to the sixteenth century. In nineteenth-century Thailand, it became a very popular chanting text for weddings and funerals. 102 The Thai manuscripts which are the subject of this article have been digitized with the support of the Royal Thai Government to celebrate the Auspicious Occasion of the 80th Birthday Anniversary of His Majesty King Bhumibol Adulyadej of Thailand, 5th December 2007. The digitized manuscripts are made available online at the library’s Digital Manuscripts viewer www.bl.uk/manuscripts. 65 The Journal of Monks reciting the story would often embellish and dramatize their tellings, contrary to the behavioral rules for monks which were introduced during the nineteenth century. By the end of the nineteenth century monks were banned from performing Phra Malai recitations. As a result, former monks who had left the Sangha often delivered the popular performances, dressed up as monks for the occasion, unconstrained by the rules of proper behavior for the real monks. -
Cqmejj · -Uhhrersity
$9uth¢a$t Mia JTogtam -1986-:13.ulletin CQmeJJ · -Uhhrersity ' - SEAP ARCHIVE COPY DO NOT REMOVE This publication has been made possible by the generosity of Robert and Ruth Polson. Southeast Asia Program 1986 Bulletin Cornell University Contents From the Director . 2 Badgley Appointed Curator of the Echols Collection . .. .. .. .. 3 Filming Javanese Manuscript Collections in Surakarta . 4 Microcomputers and the Study of Southeast Asia. .. 6 Celebrating Our Founder's Birthday.............. .... ... 7 Interview with Dr. Hendrik M. J. Maier..................... ... .. 9 Retirements. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. I 2 Program Publications . 13 About Program People . 14 Thursday Luncheon Speakers .. .. .. .. I 4 Faculty and Staff Publications. .... ... .. .. .. 14 Lauriston Sharp Prize. 14 Social Science Research Council Fellowships . 15 Resident Faculty . .. .. .. 15 Visiting Faculty .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 15 Visiting Fellows. 15 Graduate Students in Field Published by the Southeast Asia Program, Research . 15 Cornell University, 1987 Graduate Students in Residence, Edited by Stanley J. O'Connor Spring 1986................ 15 Full-Year Asian Language Designed by Deena Wickstrom Concentration . I 6 Produced by the Office of Publications Services, Advanced Indonesian Abroad Cornell University Program. .... .......... 16 Recent Doctoral Dissertations The photograph of John H. Badgley was taken by Helen Kelley and of Hendrik M. J . Maier, by Margaret Fabrizzio. by SEAP Students........... 16 Recent Dissertations and Cover design after a woodcut of cloves from 1ratado das drogas e Theses on Southeast Asia by medicinas das indias Orientais, by Crist6vao da Costa Other Students at Cornell.. 16 from the Director Dear Friends, year we were fortunate to have Professor Charnvit Kasetsiri, vice rector of Thammasat University, come to Last year I noted that the Southeast Asia Program was teach the Thailand Seminar. -
Theravada Buddhist Treasures at the British Library
San San May, Jana Igunma. Buddhism Illuminated: Manuscript Art from South-East Asia. Seattle: University of Washington Press, 2018. Illustrations. 256 pp. $65.00, cloth, ISBN 978-0-295-74378-3. Reviewed by Jinah Kim (Harvard University) Published on H-Asia (August, 2020) Commissioned by Sumit Guha (The University of Texas at Austin) Theravada Buddhist Treasures at the British Library As a legacy of British colonial rule in different attested in the British Library, the strength is in parts of Asia, the British Library is a prime re‐ Thai and Burmese materials, the former thanks to search destination for many scholars working on Ginsburg’s legacy and the latter owing to the colo‐ Asia. The library’s Southeast Asian manuscript nial rule of Myanmar as a province of British In‐ holdings are perhaps not the strongest outside dia following three Anglo-Burman wars (1824-26, Southeast Asia, as the British Empire’s direct rule 1852-53, 1885). A brief discussion of codicological did not go beyond today’s Myanmar in mainland features introduces two main types of Southeast Asia. The strength of the Southeast Asian manuscripts prepared and used in traditional collection has been steadily growing since the Southeast Asia: the pothi-format that held together 1970s, thanks to the late Dr. Henry D. Ginsburg loose folios of palm-leaflet or tree bark with cords (1940-2007), who dedicated his career to studying or metal sticks, a format that originates from the Thai manuscripts and promoting Thai art and cul‐ Indian subcontinent, and the concertina-format ture. The publication of Buddhism Illuminated: or folding book (known as parabaik in Burmese Manuscript Art from Southeast Asia helps make and samut khoi in Thai), also known as accordion this important collection of manuscripts more type, which probably originates from China. -
Improvement Accuracy of Recognition Isolated Balinese Characters with Deep Convolution Neural Network
Journal of Applied Intelligent System (e-ISSN : 2502-9401 | p-ISSN : 2503-0493) Vol. 4 No. 1, 2019, pp. 22 – 27 Improvement Accuracy of Recognition Isolated Balinese Characters with Deep Convolution Neural Network Ida Bagus Teguh Teja Murti*1 Universitas Pendidikan Ganesha, Jalan Udayana No 11 Singaraja Bali 8116, (+62362) 22570 E-mail : [email protected]*1 *Corresponding author Abstract - The numbers of Balinese script and the low quality of palm leaf manuscripts provide a challenge for testing and evaluation for character recognition. The aim of high accuracy for character recognition of Balinese script,we implementation Deep Convolution Neural Network using SmallerVGG (Visual Geometry Group) Architectur for character recognition on palm leaf manuscripts. We evaluated the performance that methods and we get accuracy 87,23% . Keywords - Classfication, Deep Neural Network, Balinese Characters, Visual Geometry Group 1. INTRODUCTION Isolated handwritten character recognition (IHCR) has been the subject of vigorous research in recent years. Some populer methods in this case are CNN for recognition numbers in the MNIST digits image database [1] . There are challenges in character recognition in some scripts, such as Chinese characters [2] and Balinese characters [3] , which have more characters than numbers in MNIST. Beside numbers character there is issue in recognition character in document made palm leaf manuscript that is the condition of document has been degenerated. Therefore the researcher must carry out the process of digitizing the palm leaf manuscript, automatic analysis and the indexing system of the script simultaneously. The activity goal is bring added value to digital palm leaf manuscripts by developing tools for analyzing, developing and accessing quickly and efficiently script content. -
Tai Manuscripts and Early Printed Books at the Library of Congress
Tai Manuscripts and Early Printed Books at the Library of Congress Ryan Wolfson-Ford Arizona State University Abstract—This article provides a comprehensive survey of Tai manuscripts held at the Library of Congress in Washington, D.C., USA. New items in the collection are highlighted. Some sense of the scope of the collection is also provided. The collection represents an important resource for researchers and the scholarly community. More importantly, it is a vital historical repository of the varied, but interrelated textual traditions and mental worlds of the Tai peoples. Introduction There are over 100 manuscripts in the Tai collection held at the Library of Congress Asia Division including many fine examples of illuminated or “painted” manuscripts. There are also rare early printed books from the 19th century documenting the emergence of printing. The oldest dated manuscript in the collection is an Old Lao manuscript dated 1194 of the lesser era, which corresponds roughly to 1832 in the Gregorian calendar. This collection documents a literate culture which has existed for centuries, but which still remains poorly known in the West. To the degree that this is due to a lack of original sources this collection contributes to making the Tai peoples of mainland Southeast Asia better known, and in their own unmediated words. The Tai manuscripts and early printed books of this collection are written in a variety of languages: Thai, Lao, Kham Mư̄ ang (Northern Thai), Shan, Tai Khoēn and Pāli. Besides Thai and Lao, the texts are written in a number of modern and esoteric scripts including Thai, Lao, Old Lao, Khǭm and various forms of Tham. -
1 Brahmi Word Recognition by Supervised Techniques
Preprints (www.preprints.org) | NOT PEER-REVIEWED | Posted: 5 June 2020 doi:10.20944/preprints202006.0048.v1 Brahmi word recognition by supervised techniques Neha Gautam 1*, Soo See Chai1, Sadia Afrin2, Jais Jose3 1 Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology, University Malaysia Sarawak 2 Institute of Cognitive Science, Universität Osnabrück 3Amity University, Noida, India *[email protected] [email protected] Abstract: Significant progress has made in pattern recognition technology. However, one obstacle that has not yet overcome is the recognition of words in the Brahmi script, specifically the recognition of characters, compound characters, and word because of complex structure. For this kind of complex pattern recognition problem, it is always difficult to decide which feature extraction and classifier would be the best choice. Moreover, it is also true that different feature extraction and classifiers offer complementary information about the patterns to be classified. Therefore, combining feature extraction and classifiers, in an intelligent way, can be beneficial compared to using any single feature extraction. This study proposed the combination of HOG +zonal density with SVM to recognize the Brahmi words. Keeping these facts in mind, in this paper, information provided by structural and statistical based features are combined using SVM classifier for script recognition (word-level) purpose from the Brahmi words images. Brahmi word dataset contains 6,475 and 536 images of Brahmi words of 170 classes for the training and testing, respectively, and the database is made freely available. The word samples from the mentioned database are classified based on the confidence scores provided by support vector machine (SVM) classifier while HOG and zonal density use to extract the features of Brahmi words. -
Download Catalogue
ARTWORK * AUTOGRAPHS & DOCUMENTS ELIZABETH’S AUCTIONS Sale 151 Ephemera and Books Monday, March 19, 2018 at 6:00PM The Auburn Elks 754 Southbridge St., Auburn, Mass. Preview: 3:00PM to 6:00PM LOT DESCRIPTION PRINTS * HISTORICAL ARCHIVES * SHEET MUSIC * BILLHEADS & LETTERHEADS * TRADE HISTORY* THE SALE WILL BEGIN WITH PICK LOTS OF BOOKS AND OTHER MILITARY * CIVIL WAR * PAMPHLETS * POSTERS * UNCATALOGUED INTERESTING MATERIAL . ADVERTISING * POSTAL HISTORY * PHOTOGRAPHS TRAVEL * MANY LARGE LOTS OF POSTCARDS 001 [Abraham Lincoln (3)] Three prints: “Abraham Lincoln,” ___________________________________________________________ Published by William Smith, Philadelphia. Large folio lithograph, 22”x28.” ca 1861. * “Death of President Lincoln. At Washington D.C., 010 American postcards (450-500). New England city and town April 15, 1865.” Currier and Ives, NY, 1865. Medium folio, 16”x12”. views, holidays, topicals including ships, expositions, realphoto, etc. Mild damp stains. * Novelty portrait of Lincoln, by N. Chasin. 16”x18”. Early to linen periods. Fine. (est. $100-150) Figural details composed of words from speeches. Cropped.* Must be seen. (est. $100-150) 011 American postcards (300-325). New England local views, including Massachusetts, New Hampshire, and Connecticut; holiday and 002 [Abraham Lincoln] “The Nation in Tears, In Memoriam.” topical cards. Early and white-border periods. VG overall. Music by Konrad Treuer, Words by R.C. ca 1865 by W. Jennings (est. $100-150) Demorest. 9.5”x11.5” folio sheet with large wood-cut portrait of Lincoln. Archival tape repairs. Must be seen. (est. $125-175) 012 American postcards (425-450). US local views, holidays, exposition and transportation topicals. Early to chrome periods. Fine. 003 Action Comics, illustration art. -
Balinese Latin Text Becomes Aksara Bali Using Rule Base Method
I Putu Agus Eka Darma Udayana et. al., International Journal of Research in IT, Management and Engineering, ISSN 2249-1619, Impact Factor: 6.123, Volume 07 Issue 05, May 2017, Page 1-7 Balinese Latin Text Becomes Aksara Bali Using Rule Base Method I Putu Agus Eka Darma Udayana1, Made Sudarma2, and I Nyoman Satya Kumara3 1(Magister Program of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Udayana University Graduate Program, Sudirman Denpasar, Bali-Indonesia) 2,3(Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Udayana University Jimbaran Campus, Bali-Indonesia) Abstract: Lontar is one of the cultural heritage which has information about history of Balinese civilization in the past away. Problems encountered today are that the lontar are not well maintained. While, the lontar that used as letter of Balinese alphabet will be worn out soon, because it doesn’t have good endurance for long time. The exploiting of technology is one of media that can be used as a solution to solve the problems. The digitalization process of letter Balinese alphabet can be done by rewrite the script of that lontar in Balinese alphabet by using translation script with Rule Base and Levenshtein Distance Approach. The exploiting of technology will make the lontar becoming digital form and it won’t be worn out when the lontar is kept safe for long time and information that consisted in lontar can be protected for long time. Keywords: Translitation, rule base, levenshtein distance, aksara bali. I. INTRODUCTION Aksara Bali (Balinese Alphabet) is a symbol visual system that showed in a media, it has function to uncover the elements that expressing a language(Sudarma et al., 2016). -
Introduction to Old Javanese Language and Literature: a Kawi Prose Anthology
THE UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN CENTER FOR SOUTH AND SOUTHEAST ASIAN STUDIES THE MICHIGAN SERIES IN SOUTH AND SOUTHEAST ASIAN LANGUAGES AND LINGUISTICS Editorial Board Alton L. Becker John K. Musgrave George B. Simmons Thomas R. Trautmann, chm. Ann Arbor, Michigan INTRODUCTION TO OLD JAVANESE LANGUAGE AND LITERATURE: A KAWI PROSE ANTHOLOGY Mary S. Zurbuchen Ann Arbor Center for South and Southeast Asian Studies The University of Michigan 1976 The Michigan Series in South and Southeast Asian Languages and Linguistics, 3 Open access edition funded by the National Endowment for the Humanities/ Andrew W. Mellon Foundation Humanities Open Book Program. Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: 76-16235 International Standard Book Number: 0-89148-053-6 Copyright 1976 by Center for South and Southeast Asian Studies The University of Michigan Printed in the United States of America ISBN 978-0-89148-053-2 (paper) ISBN 978-0-472-12818-1 (ebook) ISBN 978-0-472-90218-7 (open access) The text of this book is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ I made my song a coat Covered with embroideries Out of old mythologies.... "A Coat" W. B. Yeats Languages are more to us than systems of thought transference. They are invisible garments that drape themselves about our spirit and give a predetermined form to all its symbolic expression. When the expression is of unusual significance, we call it literature. "Language and Literature" Edward Sapir Contents Preface IX Pronounciation Guide X Vowel Sandhi xi Illustration of Scripts xii Kawi--an Introduction Language ancf History 1 Language and Its Forms 3 Language and Systems of Meaning 6 The Texts 10 Short Readings 13 Sentences 14 Paragraphs.. -
Framework of Jawatex
IJCSNS International Journal of Computer Science and Network Security, VOL.10 No.4, April 2010 219 Framework of JawaTeX Ema Utami1, Jazi Eko Istiyanto2, Sri Hartati3, Marsono4, Ahmad Ashari5 1Information System Major of STMIK AMIKOM Yogyakarta Ring Road Utara ST, Condong Catur, Depok Sleman Yogyakarta 2,3,5Doctoral Program in Computer Science of Postgraduate School Gadjah Mada University Graha Student Internet Center (SIC) 3rd floor Faculty of Mathematic and Natural Sciences Gadjah Mada University Sekip Utara Bulaksumur Yogyakarta. 55281 4 Sastra Nusantara Major of Culture Sciences Gadjah Mada University Humaniora ST No.1, Bulaksumur, Yogyakarta Summary Transliteration is a substitution letter by letter from one alphabet to another, free from how to actually speak those characters or it can 1. Introduction be called a letter substitution or transliteration. Currently there are already two Javanese characters of true type font. To use the fonts This paper is influenced by the research of Free/Open in writing Javanese characters, users must have knowledge about Source Software Localization (FOSS) [11] to develop how to read and write Javanese. No researcher has already developed algorithm to handle writing Javanese character for x software based on where the software is built. According to and q Latin characters, aritmetic operand, special symbols (except The Localization Industry Standards Association (LISA), period, coma and double quote), multiple consonant (more than Localization encloses product building that is appropriate two sequence consonants), also cannot handle roman numbering to target culture (region and language) where the poducts system. are sold [7]. Research in China, Japan dan Korea (CJK) This paper explains how JawaTeX is designed.