GOVERNMENT OF TAMILNADU PUBLIC WORKS DEPARTMENT WATER RESOURCES DEPARTMENT

INSTITUTE OF HYDRAULICS AND HYDROLOGY POONDI -602023.

WATERSIIED MANAGEMENT BOARD DIVISION POLLACHI

SEDIMENTATION STUDIES IN KAMARAJSAGAR RESERVOIR (SECOND CAPACITY SURVEY) Under DRIP

I.H.ll. REPORT No: 3/2017 For official use onlY

201 7 Poondi - 602 021 Fehruary GOVERI\MENT OF TAMILNADU PUBLIC WORI(S DEPARTMENT WATER RESOURCES DEPARTMENT

INSTITUTE OF ITDRAIJLICS AND IIYDROLOGY POONDT 602023.

WATERSHED MANAGEMENT BOARD DIVISION Y POLLACHI

SEDIMENTATION STI.]DIES IN KAMARAJSAGAR RESERVOIR

(SECOND CAPACTTY SURVEY) Under DRIP

I.H.H.REPORT No: 3/ 2017

For official use only

v Poondi 602023 February 2017

-lt OFFICERS INCHARGE OF THE STUDY

CHIEF ENGINEERS, P.W.D., W.R.D. Design, Research and Constuction Support, Chennai

ET.D.KHALEEL AHAMED, B.8., F.I.E., F.I.V., (i/c) ET.A.YENKATACHALAM, 8.E., (Hons).!IBA., ET.RVIJAYARAGHAVAII, M.8., (Struct).,F.I.E.,F.I.V.,

SPECIAL CHIEF ENGINEER / DIRECTOR, P.W.D., W.R.D. Institute of Hydraulics & Hydrology, Poondi

ET.ICVALARMAIIII, B.8.,

E)GCUTIVE ENGINEERS, P.W.D., W.R.D. Watershed Management Board, Pollachi

ET.M.GNANASEKA& 8.E.,

ET.S.PRABHAKARAN, B.E.,(i/c)

ASSISTANT EXECUTIVE ENGINEE& P.W.D.. W.R.D. Watershed Management Board Sub Division, Mettur.

ET.P.ELANGOVAI\, B.E.,

ASSISTANT ENGINEER, P.W.D., W.R.D. Watershed Management Board Section, Mettur.

ET.I.SLIBRAMAM, M.E., WATERSHED MANAGEMENT BOARD CONDUCTING SEDIMENTATION STUDIES IN KAMARAJSAGAR RESERVOIR IN SECOND CAPACITY STJRVEY (Under DRIP) CONTENTS

Chapter Title Page No.

I SYNOPSN 1 1.0 GENERAL 2

II KAMARAJSAGAR RESERVOIR 9

2.0 Introduction 9

2.1 Sources of sediment 9

2.2 Economic Importance of Sedimentation analysis 10

2.3 Reservoir Sedimentation l1

2.1 Control of Sedimentation l2

2.5 Objectives of the Study l2

III 3.0 GENERAL 13

3.1 Climate of The Nilgiris 13 3.2.0 Location of the Kamarajsagar Reservoir t7 3.2.1 Kamaraj sagar Reservoir General 17

3.2.2 Description of 18 ,1' Salient Features of Kamarajsagar Reservoir l9

3.2.4 Rainfall 20

M.0 General - Sedimentation studies 22 4.1 Methodology 22 4.2.0 Catahment Area map 23 4.2.t Water spread area map 23

4.2.2 Reconnaissance survey 23 4.3. Topographic survey 24 4.4 Hydrographic survey to find out the present bed level 25 v 4.5 Collection of Soil Sample and their analysis 26 4.6 Preparation of Contour map 26 4.7 Computation of Capacity 26 4.8 Analysis of the Data 28 4.9 Sedimentation Rate 28 4.9.1 Depth Vs Capacity Relationship 29 4.9.2 Trap Efficiency 29 4.9.3 Life of Reservoir 30 v CONCLUSION 33 List ofPhotographs 34 ly List of Annexures 38 List of Figures 43

t

t

L 1

SYNOPSIS

The Capacity Survey has been taken up by Watershed Management Board Scheme under Dam Rehabilitation Improvement Project @RIP) in Kamaraj Sagar Reservoir in Nilgiris District, Tamilnadu in the year of 2015-2016. The object of this study is to zrssess the quanturn of silt deposited" present capacity and useful life of the

Reservoir. The result of this capacity survey is compared with that of the original data during the construction in 1963.

This report narrates briefly about the need of the study, methodology adopted

besides the hydraulic features and rainfall in detail. Preparation of the contour map and computation of the present capacity are clearly brought out in this report. The rcsults are analyzed for the Sedime ation rate, Depth versus Capacity relationship, l- Trap Efficiency and Useful life of reservoir,

The capacity of the reservoir as on 2016 is #ilffi M.cum as against rhe original Capacity (1963) ffi M.cum. Total quantity of sediment deposited in between 1963 and 2016 (54years) ir ffi. The average annual silting load is 0.00326 M.cum / year. The average annual silting rate per Sq.Km is 0.00074 M.cum / year / Sq.Km. As per analysis the trap efliciency of Kamaraj Sagar reservoir is76%oin the year 2016. The useful life of reservoir is estimated l0l years.

{, v v \, C}IAPTER I \, 1.0 General The Watershed Management Board Division was formed in 1973 Vide G.OMs No 857 PW Dept Dated 26 May 1973 to conduct sedimentation \r, survey and watershed studies for the selected reservoirs/Tanks in Tamilnadu. From (1975), (- inception so far the Sedimentation and watershed studies for the lollowing reservoirs/tanks had been completed.

\- I Phase (1975 to l9E5) Estimate Rs.39.00 Lakhs. \- (As per G.O.Ms.No.l704 PWD dated,26.ll.1974) L LEmerald Avalanche (I Capacity survey _ NrLctRrs DtsrRrcT) ! 2.Kundha Reservoir (I & II Capacity survey _ NrLctNS DISTRTcT) \, 3.Pegumbahalla Reservoir (I & II Capacity survey _ NrLGrRrs DrsrRrcT) 4.Piliur Reservoir (I Capacity survey - coTMBAToRE DrsTRrcr) S.UpperBhavani Reservoir (I Capacity survey _ NILGTRIS DrsrRrcr) 6.KrishnagiriReservoi(I,II&[ capacity s,rvey-KRrsHNAGrRr ! Drs.rRrcr) T.Sathanur Reservoir (I & II Capacity survey TIRUvANNAMALAT Drsr) ( - S.Vaigai Reservoir (I,II& III Capacity survey _ rHENr DrsTRrcr) \, g. (I & II Capacity survey - cotMBAToRE DrsTRlcr) ! l0.Meuur Reservoir (I & II Capacity survey _ sALEM DISTRICT)

\, I l.Manimuthar Reservoir (I Capacity survey _ TIRUNELVELI DrsrzucT) ! l2.LowerBhavani Reservoir (III & IV capacity survey - ERoDE DrsrRrcr)

II Phase (1985 to 1997) Estimate Rs.25S.00 Lakhs. rv (As pwD per G.o.Ms.No.925 dated 8.4.1986, Est.Rs.r26 rakhs &G.o.Ms.No. 25 tv pW (Rt) dated g.1.1999, Revised Est. Rs.255 Lakhs) \- r.AmaravathyReservoir(I & IlCapacity survey {.IMBAT.RE DlsrRrcr) L 2.Thirumoorthy Reservoir (I & II capacity survey - coTMBAToRE Drsr) rv 3.w iingdon Reservoir (I & II capacity survey - cuDDALoRE DrsrRrcr) \- 4. (I Capacity survey _ DTNDIGUL DrsrRrcr) 5.Barur (I _ \- Tank Capacity survey KRTSHNAGTRT DTSTRTCT) 6.parson Vafley Reservoir (I & tr capacity survey - NrLGrRrs DrsrRrcr) 7. Lake (I Capacity survey _ NrLGrRrs DrsTRrcT) 3

8.Ponnaniar Reservoir (I & II Capacity survey - TRTCHY DTSTRTCT) 9.Kaveripakkam Tank (I & II Capacity survey - vELLoRE DrsrRtcr) l0.Ponhimund Reservoir G & [I Capactty survey - NrLGtRts DTsTRICT) I LUppar Reservoir (I & il Capacity survey - ERoDE DrsrRrcr) l2. (I & II Capacity survey - KANvAKUMART DISTRTcT) l3.Manjalar Reservoir (I & II Capacity survey - THENr DISTRTcT) l4.Mukurthy Reservoir (I Capacity survey - NTLGIRTs DrsTRrcT) l5.Perunchani Reservoir (I Capacity survey - KANvAKIMART DTsTRICT) l6.Veeranam tank (I Capacity survey - cuDDALoRE DTsTRICT) lT.Wallajah Tank (I Capacity survey -cuDDALoRE DrsrRrCT) fII Phase (1997 to 2001) Estimate Rs.25.00 Lakhs under WRCp (part D (As per G.O.Ms.No.347 PW(Rl)Dept. dated 19.06.1997) l.Varathamanadi Reservoir (I Capacity survey - DINDTGUL DrsrRrcr) 2.Glenmorgan Reservoir (I Capacity survey _ NTLGIRTs DISTRTcT) 3.Maruthanadhi Reservoir (I Capacity survey - THENr DrsrRrcr) 4.Chittar - I Reservoir (I Capacity survey - KANvAKITMART DrsrRrcT) 5.Perumal Tank (I Capacity survey - cuDDALoRE DrsrRrcr) 6.Chittar - II Reservoir (I Capacity survey - KANvAKUMAzu DrsrRrcr) T.Palar-Porandalar Reservoir(I Capacity survey _ DTNDIGUL DISTRTcT) S. Reservoir (I Capacity survey - NTLGTnIS DrsrRrcr) 9. pW(Rl (As per G.O.Ms.No.56 )Dept. dated 6.2. I 99g for Rs.1.90 lakhs) (I Capacity survey - TTRUvALLLUR DrsrRrcr)

IV Phase (2001 to 2003) Estimate Rs.18.00 Lakhs under WRCp (part II) (As per G.O.Ms.No.l03 PW(RI)Dept. dated 1.3.2002)

l.Kudhiraiyar Reservoir (I Capacity survey _ DTNDTGUL DrsrRrcr)

2.Kamarajsagar Reservoir (I Capacity survey _ NTLGIRTs DTsTRICT) 3.Pardppalar Reservoir (I Capacity survey _ DrNDrcuL DrsrRrcr) 4.Gadana Reservoir (I Capacity survey _ TIRUNELVELT DrsTRrcr) 5.Gomuki Reservoir (I Capacity survey _ cuDDALoRE DrsrRrcr) 4

From the inception year of 1975 up to 1996, Central and State funds were provided for the above studies. For 3rd & 4th Phase during the year 1997 ro 2003, the above studies fbr 14 reservoirs were conducted under water Resources consolidation

Project (WRCP) aided by World Bank vide G.O. Ms. No.347 pW (Rl) Dept dated 19.06.1997 WRCP (Part- l). V Phase (2003 to 2007) Estimate Rs.80.00 Lakhs

(As per G.O.Ms.No.645 PW(Rl)Dept. dared 5.12.2003)

l.Kadamba Tank (I Capacity & Watershed study- TUTrcopJN DrsTzucr)

2.Manimuthar Reservoir (III Capacity- TIRUNELvELT DISTRTcT)

3.Maravakandi Reservoir (I Capacity & Watershed study- NrLcrRrs DrsrRlcr) 4.Mukkurthi Reservoir Reservoir (II Capacity - NrLGrRrs DrsTRrcr) 5.Maduranthagam Tank (I Capacity&Watershed study- CHENGULPATTU DrsT) 6.Sathanur Reservoir (III Capacity - TTRUvANNAMALAT DrsrRrcT) T.Kodaganar Reservoir (I Capacity & Watershed study - DrNDrcuL DrsrRrcT) S.Mettur Reservoir (III Capacity by Conventional - sALEM DrsrRrcr) 9.Aliyar Reservoir (III Capacity- coTMBAToRE DrsTRrcr) l0.Amaravathi Reservoir (III Capacity- coTMBAToRE DtsrRrcr) I l.Krishnagiri Reservoir (IV Capacity - rnrsHNAGrRt DrsTRrcr) The above studies for all the Reservoirs/Tanks were completed. For

Sathanur Reservoir-IBS survey completed upto +21 I .98M (FRL+222.20) V Phase (2007 ro 30.09.2009) Estimate Rs.34.00 Lakhs

The following six reservoirs had been taken for Sedimentation survey and watershed studies at an estimated amount of Rs.34 Lakhs as per the G.O.(2D) No.29 Pw (Rl) Dept dated ll-07-2008 for 2007-2009. The proposal contains Sedimentation survey and watershed Studies for selected five Reservoirs by conventional method and by Remote Sensing for Sathanur Reservoir.

l.Moyar Reservoir (instead of Pillur Reservoir) (I Capacity Survey _ NILGIRIS DISTRICT) 2.Thirumurthy Reservoir (III capacity Survey - coTMBAToRE DrsrRtcr) 3.Manjalar Reservoir (III Capacity Survey - THENr DtsTRtcr) 4.Pechiparai Reservoir (III Capacity Suvey - rauyAKUMARr DrsrRrcT) S.Veedur Reservoir (I Capacity Survey - vrLr-upuRAM DrsrRrcr) 5

6.Sathanur Reservoir(IllcapacitySurveybyRemote sensing - TIRUVANNAMALAI DISTRICT) Due to non completion of sedimentation survey for the above reservoirs within the stipulated time that is 31-03-2009, the Govemment approved the extension of time upto 30-09-2009 vide in c.O. (D) No.229 PW (R1) Dept dated 22-06-2009. The above works had been completed on 30-09-2009 in all respects, except Sathanur Reservoir.

VI Phase @rom 01.10.2009 to 31.03.2011) Estimate Rs.26.50 Lakhs The tbllowing six reservoirs was taken for sedimentation survey and watershed studies at an estimate cost of Rs.26.50 Lakhs as per G.O.Ms.No.18 PW (R2) Dept. dated 20.0 1.20 I 0 during 2009-20 I I (0 l. 10.09 to 3 1.03.20 I 1)

l.Varatrupallam reservoir (I Capacity survey - ERoDE DTSTRICT) 2.Pykara dam (II Capacity survey - NrLGtRts DrsrRrcr) 3.Maruthanathi reservoir (II Capacity survey - DINDIGUL DtSTRrcr)

4.Chittar II reservoir (II Capacity survey - KANvAKUMART DrRSrRrcr)

5.Vaniar reservoir (I Capacity survey - DHARMArURI DISTRICT)

6. Sathanur Reservoir (Remote sensing - III Capacity - TIRUvANNAMALAI DIST All the above works had been completed including the Sedimentation study in Sathanur Reservoir through Remote Sensing Technique which was raken up by Maharastra Engineering Research Institute, Nashik.

During this period, additionally sedimentation studies for three more reservoirs were conducted under DRIP as per G.O.Ms.No.88 PW (I.Spl) Dept. dated 15.03.2010, estimate cost of Rs.75.00 Lakhs. The reservoirs are Sathaiyar reservoir in Madurai district, AdavinainarKoil reservoir in Thirunelveli district and Gunderipallam reservoir in Erode district. The above works were completed.

VII Phase (from 01.04.11 to 31.03.2013) Estimate cost of Rs.35.00 lakhs During 27th Board Meeting the following six reservoirs were suggested for conducting sedimentation and watershed studies during the year 20ll-2013 and in 28th WSMB meeting the following six reservoirs had been approved for the year 2011-2013. 6

I .Kudhiraiyaru Reservoir 2.Vembakottai Reservoir (l Capaciry survey - VTRUDUNAGAR DrsTRrcT) 3.Perunchani Reservoir (II Capacity survey - KANvAKUMART DtsrRrcT) 4.Manimukthanathi Reservoir (I Capacity survey - vTLLUIURAM Drsrzucr) 5.Glenmargan Reservoir (II Capacity survey - NTLGIRIS DrsrRtcr) 6.Mettur Reservoir @ MDDL (By Remote Sensing - sALEM DrsrRrcr) The Administrative Sanction for the above studies had been obtained from the Government vide G.O.Ms.No.23 PW(RI) Department dated 19.01.2011 for Rs.35.00 Lakhs

The Chief Engineer (DR&CS) inspected the Kuthiraiyaru Reservoir on 29.0 I .201 I and 30.0 1.20 I I and instructed to identiff an altemate Reservoir instead of Kuthiraiyaru Reservoir since the rate of siltation in the Reservoir was very less and also the sedimentation study work was completed only in 2003. The Chief Engineer (DR&CS) inspected and selected Perumpallam Reservoir in SathiyamangalamTaluk, Erode District for studies instead of Kuthiraiyaru Reservoir.

Further the Chairman, Cauvery Technical Cell advised not to take up the

Mettur Reservoir at MDDL sedimentation study work since it lies within the interstate problem. Hence it was proposed to take up Nagavathi Reservoir and Thoppaiyar reservoir in Dharmapuri District instead of Metnr Reservoir work. The proposal for the same had been approved by the Chairman, WSMB in the 29th WSMB Board Meeting held on 14.10.201I and revised Govemment Order for the change of Reservoirs, Perumpallam Reservoir instead of Kuthiraiyaru Reservoir, Nagavathi and

Thoppaiyar Reservoirs instead of Mettur Reservoir at MDDL had been issued by the Government vide G.O.Ms.No.187 PW(RI) department dated 26.03.2012. All the above works were completed.

VIII Phase - DRIP WORKS 2013-2014 Estimate cost of Rs.85.00 lakhs In the Govemment order M.S.No:73 Pubilc Works (I.Spl.1) Dept. date:23.05.2013 had accorded administrative sanction for conducting sedimentation study in l0 WRD under DRIP during the year 2013-14, at an estimated cost of Rs 85.00 Lakhs. Subsequently in the G.O. (M.S) No:48 Pubilc Works (I.Spl.l) Dept dated 25.02.2014, certain amendments had been issued substituting l0 WRD Dams as 7

8 WRD and 2 TANGEDCO Dams (Glenmorgan (Kariappa) and Pillur Dams) and replacing the by Poigaiyar Dam in the WRD Dams list. l.Parambikkulam Dam (I Capacity survey- nALAcHAT DrsTRrcr)

2.Thunakkadavu Dam ( I Capacity survey - nALAGHAT DrsTRrcr) 3.Pillur Dam (II Capacity survey - coTMBAToRE DrsrRrcT) 4.Glemorgan Dam (Kariappa) (I Capacity survey- NrLGrRls DrsrRtcT) 5.Anaimadavu Dam (I Capacity survey - sALEM DISTRTcT) 6.Pambar Dam (I Capacity survey- KRTsHNAGIRI DTsTRICT)

T.PilavukkalPeriyar Dam (I Capacity survey- VIRUDLNAGAR DTSTRTCT)

S.Anaikuttam Dam (I Capacity survey - VTRUDT.JNAGAR DrsrRrcr) 9.Pechiparai Dam (IV Capacity Survey - reNyeKUMARr DrsrRrcT) l0.Poigaiyar Dam (I Capacity Survey- KANYAKUMART DrsrRrcT) All the above works were completed.

IX. Phase - DRIP WORKS 2014-2015. Estimate cost of Rs.58.00 lakhs The Empowered Committee Meeting for Dam Rehabilitation and Improvement Project (DNP) was held on 08.10.2014. In this meeting the proposal for conducting Sedimentation Studies in 10 Dams ( 8 WRD + 2 TANGEDCO dams -Kundhapallam and Pegumbahallah Dam) under Dam Rehabilitation and Improvement project for the

Year 2014-15 for an estimate cost of Rs.58.00 Lakhs was placed and got approved. The Govemment had accorded the administrative sanction for the above proposal for Rs.58.00 Lakhs vide G.O. (MS) No.253 Public works (I.spl l) Dept. Dated: 18.12.2014 for the following l0 Dams. Based on the above G.o.'s Sedimentation study for the following dams taken up in the year 2014-15.

l.Sholaiyar Dam (I Capacity Survey- cotMBAToRE DrsTRrcr) 2.Peruvarippallam Dam ( Capacity Survey- nALAcHAT DtsrRrcr)

3.KundhaPallam Dam (III Capacity Survey- NrLGrRrs DrsrRrcr) 4.Pegumbahallah Dam (III Capacity Survey- coTMBAToRE DrsrRrcr) 5.Thurnbalahalli Dam (I Capacity Survey- DHARMAIuRT DrsrRrcr) 6.Kesarigulihalla Dam (I Capacity Survey- DHARMAruRI DrsrRrcr) T.Golwarpatti Dam (I Capacity srtrvey - VTRUDUNAGAR DrsrRtcr) S.PilavakkalKovilar Dam (I Capacity survey - vTRUDUNAGAR DrsrRrcr) 9.Nambiyar Dam (I Capacity survey - TTRT.JNELVELI DrsrRrcr) 8

l0.Vadakupachaiyar Dam (I Capacity survey - TTRT.JNELVELT DISTRTcT) Thus Sedimentation study for Sholaiyar and Peruvarippallam dams were executed by Pollachi sub division. Accordingly this report is prepared for sedimentation studies conducted in Peruvarippallam Dam.

X. Phase - DRIP WORKS 2015-2016. Estimate cost of Rs.45.00 lakhs

The Empowered Committee Meeting for Dam Rehabilitation and Improvement Project (DRIP) was held on 13.07.2015. In this meeting the proposal for conducting Sedimentation Studies in 11 Dams ( 8 WRD + 3 TANGEDCO ) dams under Dam Rehabilitation and Improvement Project for the Year 2015-16 for an estimate cost of Rs.45.00 Lakhs was placed and got approved. The Govemment had accorded the administrative sanction for the above proposal for Rs.45.00 Lakhs vide G.O. (MS) No.20l Public works (WRl) Dept. Dated: 5.11.2015 for the foliowing I I Dams. Based on the above G.O.'s Sedimentation study for the following dams taken up in the year 2015-16.

l.LowerNirar Dam (I Capacity survey - cotMBAToRE DrsrRrcr) 2.Maravakandy Dam (I Capacity survey - NILGTRIS DrsrRrcr)

3.Maravakandi Dam (II Capacity survey - NILGTRTs DrsrRtcr) 4.Kamarajsagar Dam (II Capacity survey - NTLcIRIs DISTNCT) 5.Chinnar Dam (I Capacity survey - DHARMArURI DrsTRrcr) 6.Sothuparai Dam (I Capacity survey - sALEM DrsrRrcr) T.Kullursandai Dam (I Capacity survey - VTRUDUNAGAR DrsrRrcr) 8.Ramanadhi Dam (I Capacity survey - TTRuNELVELT DrsTRrcT) 9.Karuppanadhi Dam (I Capacity survey - TIRTTNELvELT DrsrRrcr) l0.Gundar Dam (l Capacity survey - TIRTJNELVELI DTSTRICT) 9

KAMARAJSAGAR RESERVOIR CHAPTERII 2.0 Introduction Water is one of the most valuable natural resources. The rapid growth of uncontrolled population and the development activities, both domestic and Industrial, throughout the world, have put tremendous pressure on the development and management of water resources. In our country, the economic development of various sectors is dependent upon the indispensable water resources development. The Water Resources of a country mainly depends on the rainfall, which is most erratic in nature. In the state of the surface and ground water is being totally harvested for the purpose of agriculture, domestic and industrial uses. This leads to chronic water crisis due to increased use of water for irrigation pwposes, industrial and domestic needs of the increasing population. Most of the dams constructed in Tamil Nadu, are several years ago and due to natural process of erosion in the catchment area, movement of sediments deposits in various parts of the reservoir has reduced the storage capacity of the reservoir. Reduction in the storage capacity beyond a limit prevents the reservoir from fulfillment of the purpose for which it is designed. Periodical capacir,v surveys of reservoir helps in assessing the rate of sedimentation and reduction in storage capacity. This information is necessary not only for efficient management of the reservoir, but also helps in taking a decision about treatrnent of catchment are4 ifthe rate of siltation is excessive. Periodical capacity surveys of reservoirs in a basin are also necessary to arrive at a realistic sedimentation index for planning of future reservoir projects in the basin and also to know how to use the available water in a better manner.

2.1 Sources of Sediments

The principal sources of sediments are as follows,

1.. Deforestation

2. Excessive erosion in the catchment

3. Disposal of industrial and public wastes 10

4. Farming 5. Channelisation works 6. Human activities

7. Land development, highways, and mining

2.2 Economic Importance of Sedimentation analysis

The dynamic features like suspended sediment and its distribution concentration, water spread, density currents, aquatic vegetation, etc. are important parameters for multi-purpose river valley projects. These parameters have a bearing on the life of the reservoir and storage capacity due to the deposition of the transported bed-load, suspended load and wash load, which ultimately cause serious economic and social losses. The hazards like siltation in the man-made reservoir are of great concem because sometimes it affects the engineering structures also. Sediments in the reservoir degrade the water quality and may reduce the capacity for power generation. On the other hand, there may be improvement in the water quality downstream due to the sediments trapped in a reservoir and found economical for irrigation. The turbidity of the stored water in a reservoir also hinders recreational activities, municipal and industrial uses and fisheries. Another important aspect of reservoir sedimentation is formation of delta at the foreshore area of the reservoir, which ultimately affects upstream backwater and inundated lands.

A storage or conservation reservoir retains water during high floods for the use in lean season. Sediment distribution and deposition within the reservoir gives an idea to the planners, about the available assured adequate water supply.

The main sources of sediment are the erosion or washed up soil from watershed of the river/tributaries, abrasion and land sliding of the shores. Sediments, in many areas are choking the streams, filling in lakes/ reservoirs/ponds/ canals/ drainage difthes/ harbours and burying vegetations. The monitoring of these parameters is essential. In the case of a very large reservoir, the trap efficiency of these transported materials is near about 100 percent because very few particles can pass the dam. The trap efficiency of the reservoir decreases with time due to reduction 11

in the reservoir capacity because of sedimentation. Reservoir operation plays an important role in the process of sedimentation. 2.3 Reservoir Sedimentation

The schematic diagram of sedimentation deposit in a reservoir is shown in the

below figure. The process of sediment deposit in reservoirs takes place where the course particles with highest unit mass are deposited first and finest particles with low unit mass are deposited at later. This leads to the segregation of sediments of different

sizes and density. The grain size, its unit mass and shape influence the mobility and the senling capacity. The variation in the sizes of the deposited materials in the

reservoirs also depends on the climate, drainage area and geology of the area./region. The density of water in the reservoir is heterogeneous. The coarser particles mainly, gravel, boulder and partly sand move as bed load and form delta at relatively short distance from the estuary. This delta extends to the point where the maximum water level intercepts the original river bed.

Turbid inflow

----a 3 debris i Water surface I <-

p (-----r Sluice ways N Lake bed -----+ ----> Density current

Fine sedimenti - The seasonal changes in the runoff, cause the formation of multi-delta. The bottom sediments, which consist of finer particles, are deposited throughout the reservoir. The finest particles (silt, clay, colloids) often get flocculated and affected by dynamic viscosity of water. These particles sink to the bottom very slowly. They have a tendency to form density currents, which are generally moving towards spillways, turbines and outlets. In many reservoirs, sediment -laden inflow may move through the pool as a density current or layer of water with a v density slightly different from that of the main body of the reservoir water. The density difference may result due to \7 the sediments, dissolved minerals and temperature. The water of the density current v does not mix readily with the reservoir water and maintains its identity for a \, considerable time because ofthe density differences. ! 2.4 Control of Sedimentation

\- Due to the multiple variables involved in reservoir sedimentation, no single

\. control measure can be considered as the most effective. The measures, which can be \, employed to limit sedimentation and turbidity, are as under:

\' i . Soil and water conservation measures within the drainage basin. contour t, plowing, strip cropping, suitable farming practices, improvement of agriculture

\- land, construction ofsmall dams/ponds/terraces/check dams on gullies. \, 2. Revetment and vegetation cover \_ 3. Evacuation of sediment 4. Reservoir shoreline protection 5. Stream bank and flood plain protection

6. Ridge plantation such as pasture development and reservoir shoreline protection. v 2.5 Objectives of the Study \' The srudy has been programmed to achieve the following specific objectives: ! l. To determine the present capacity of the reservoir .\- 2. To determine annual storage loss !' 3. To find out the probable future life of the reservoir and 4. To periodically correct the stage vs capacity curve for efficient operation of \- the reservoir.

\- 13

CI{APTERIII

3.0 General

Nilgiris district is 's first biosphere. It has been declared as one of the 14 'hotspots' of the world because of its unique bio-diversity. The Nilgiris is a part of the Weste.m Ghats. Ooty the "Queen of Hill Stations", 19 kms from Ooty and 31 kms from ooty, are the ttree hill stations of this district.The district is located between ll'12'to 11"37'North latitude and berween 76.30,to 76o55,East longitude. The district covers an area of2452.50 sq. km.

3,1 Climate of The Nilgiris

The climate of the Nilgiri district is temperate and salubrious tfuoughout the year. Rainfall data from four stations over the period l90l-1950 were utilised and a perusal of the analysis shows that the average annual rainfall of the district is 1920 mm. It is minimum around Ootacamund (1376.20 mm) in the eastem part of the district. It gradually increases towards west and attains a maximum aror.rnd Gudalur (2269.00 mm).

Pykara is one of the highest of south Indian streams originating in the Mukurti peak at an altitude of around 2400m ASL. It is the biggest stream in the Nilgiris

Plateau. The stream flows over a number of cascades and waterfalls that it provides a drop of about 1000m before it reaches the Pykara Dam at Glenmorgan. Downstream,

Pykara joins the River Moyar and eventually River Cauvery through its tributary, the River Bhavani.

The Pykara Hydroelectric Project Scheme is the first hydroelectric project that the state of Tamil Nadu (erstwhile Madras) launched and successfully implemented.

The Project that was formally sanctioned during the British rule in 1929 was meant to generate and supply electricity for the industries in Coimbatore. Situated in the

Nilgiris Plateau, the Pykara FIP stands out as the highest in Asia and continue to be amongst the highest of hydroelectric projects in the world (source: pell Frischmann Group and TNEB).

The Pykara Ultimate Stage Hydroelectric Project (PUSHEP) that was completed during the beginning of the 2 I st century was formally inaugurated in September 2005. The power generation capacity of PUSIIEP is 150 MW. 14

The Pykara HP has been implemented in stages over a period of 75 years; PUSHEP being the final one. The spadework for the Project started in 1932. The first

power-generating units were small with a capacity of 6.5 MW. Three such units were installed in the powerhouse located at Glenmorgan taking advantage of the run-of- river u,ater alone. In order to enhance the available flow, two regulating storages were added.

These storages were located at Mukurti (upstream) and pykara (downstream). The additional flow thus achieved enabled the installation of more pou,er generation

units. Subsequently, another storage dam was built across the Sandynallah stream. This reservoir was built to regulate and divert flows from a catchment of 44.03sq.km into the Pykara Dam. The network of reservoirs thus built helped achieve the set target of generating 70 MW ofelectricity.

In 1955. the Nilgiris Plateau experienced yet another major transformation due to the Kundah Hydroelectric Scheme. The Kundah HS led to the creation of Avalanche Dam

(372m long; 57.66m high) and Emerald Dam (328.6m long;65.72m high) around

Portimund within the Kundah basin. A 733J7m long horseshoe-shaped runnel that had the capacity to discharge 900 cusecs of water connected the two dams. The Avaianche and Emerald streams are tributaries that directly fed pykara before the dams were constnrcted. Two other dams were constructed across the tributaries of Pykara in 1965; Parson's Valley Dam (14.5 sq.km) and portimund Dam (l0.6sq.km).

These dams enhanced the volume of water that got diverted into the Kundah basin. The Naduvattam Diversion Project completed in 1976 hamessed water from the l2.82sq.km Naduvattam basin that lies to the west of pykara basin. In order to augment turther the power generation capacity of the pykara Hp, water was diverted from the l2.95sq.km Lone valley and Melkodmund stream in the Nilgiris plateau; both streams flowed between Pykara and Sandynallah. The huge volume of water thus diverted into the Pykara Dam necessitated the enlargement of the fore bay. The enlargementof the Pykara fore bay was completed in 1978-79.During the 1990s when the Pykara HP was in its final stage of implementation (pusHEp) it had a well- established network of reservoirs that hamessed water from a catchment fed by Pykara, Sandynallah, Naduvattam, Melkodmund and Lone valley streams (tributaries of River Moyar). The catchment has provided the gross storage necessary for making 15

PUSHEP operational and generating the additional l50MW of electricity that was envisaged).During 1946-52, the Moyar Hydroelectric Scheme was implemented. The

Scheme was implemented using the tail water of the Pykara HP. The project is located at a distance of l6km downhill of the Pykara (Glenmorgan) power station. The Moyar HS also benefits by the water that is diverted from the Maravakandy Darn (located north-east of Masinagudi) through a flume channel. At Maravakandy there is a mini- hydroelectric scheme capable ofproducing 2.6 MW of power (Tyagi, 1995). The Maravakandy-Moyar flume channel is 6.81km long and 10.86m wide. The

Moyar I-Iltimate Stage Hydroelectric Project (MUSffiP) that was proposed in 1995- 1996 had envisaged the widening of the flume channel by another 2m. The channel that is around 2m deep had 19 bridges across it; 3 wide (5-l1m), 16 narrow (l-5m) and 3 underground passages. The various hydroelectric projects that were implemented since 1932 in the Nilgiris Plateau together established a 53km network of tunnels (INO,2007). The following reservoirs constitute the Pykara group of Reservoirs. l. Muklorthy 2. Pykara

3. Kamaraj Sagar 4. Maravakandy

5. Glenmorgan 6. Moyar

"$'I* I r..,r.",0". lru

t,-f

C.i

' l-l,i"j 16

The Nilgiri hills have a history going back a good many centuries. Several sources cite the reason as the smoky haze enveloping the are4 while other sources say it is because of the kurunji flower, which blooms every twelve years giving the slopes a bluish tinge.

In Nilgiris district the topography is rolling and steep. About 60 per cent ofthe cultivable land falls under the slopes ranging from 16 to 35 per cent. The altitude of the Nilgiris results in a much cooler and wetter climate than the surrounding plains, so the area is popular as a retreat from the summer heat. During summer the temperature remains to the maximum of 25"C and reaches a minimum of 10'C. During winter the temperature reaches a maximum of 20'C and a minimum of OoC. Reports on the land use pattern of Nilgris district was analysed as its contribution is vital from watershed management point of view The details are collected as per reports by Nalina et al (2014). The temporal changes of land use and monitored using LISS I and LISS III of IRS 1A and IRS-P6 satellites. Land use dynamics were identified using Maximum likelihood classification under supervised classification technique. From the remote sensing study. it is found that during the study period of 1990 to 2010. area of dense forest increased by 27.17Yo, forest plantation area decreased by 54.64%. Conversion of forest plantation, Range land and open forest by agriculture and settlement leading to soil erosion and landslides. Tea plantation increased by 33.95./o and agricultural area for plantation of vegetables increased rapidly to 217 .56% in the mountain steep afea

3.2 General

The reservoir is situated in a fairly steep gorge near a place called Sandynallah. Sandynallah is connected to Udhagamandalam by Gudalur Road and it is l6 kms from it. The latitude and longtitude are I lo 25'8" N, 760 33,3. E respectively. 3.3 Description of Dam

Kamara.i Sagar Dam was constructed during 1959 across Avarahalla stream which is tributary to SIGLIR RIVER, act as a storage dam to Moyar Fore bay. It has a catchment of 44.035sq.km. This Reservoir has gross capacity of 26.62Mm3. The maximum water level and full reservoir level is2l45.5lm.The length of masonry dam is 107.29m L7

There is no gate to surplus, onty spillway is a length of 26.98m .One scour vent of size0.9l4mx l.524m.This reservior act as a storage Dam to Moyar Fore Bay. This water produces 750 K. volts power and then the water goes to Moyar Fore Bay. The main inflow comes only in Singara power house. The ma:rimum silt comes only in

Glenmargan Reservoir. The main rivers in the free catchment is Avarahalla Stream. 3.4 SALIENT FEATURES OF SAI\TDYNALLAH DAM

General

Location Nilgiris

Nearest Town Udhagamandalam

River Sandynallah Stream

Purpose To provide subsidiary storage for Pykara Power House

Catchment Area 44.035 sq.km.

Years of Construction 1959-63

Type Masonry Dam with earth bund on either side

Foundation Hard granite Rock

Height 35.88m

Length 107.29m

Spillway:

Discharge Capacity 3l2cumecs

Crest Length 26.98m

Crest Level +2142.77m

Tlpe of Gate Lift Type

S ize 12.192mx3.502m

Reservoir : .

Gross Capacity 26.62x 106m3

Effective Capacity 23.1lxl06m3

MWL +2145.51 l8

w FRL +2145.51m (7039.00ft) I, MDDL +2124.46m Y Scourvent:

S ize 0.914mx1.524m \, Pump llouse :

\, Size of Pump House 19.43x10.67m w Pumping Head 57.91m

\-, Pumping Motor 2 Nos.

\, Pumping Motor Capacity 5 1.42 cumecs

! 3.5 Rainfarl v Monthly rainfall readings of Kamaraj Sagar dam site is collected from 20l l to \, 2015 and the same is fumished in the form of statement as in Annexure. w 3.6 Inflow and Outllow

\, The monthly inflow in to the dam was analysed from the time of inception. iy The total capacity of the reservoir is 24.E61 Mcum. Analyses of the inflow &ta tom 2011 indicates that the reservoir has received sufiicient inflows and it was successful nearly 85% of the period from conservation point ofview.

tv The inflow and outflow ofKamaraj Sagar reservoir have been collected for the period \- from 1965 to 2015 and the same are enclosed in this report in the form of statement as in Annexure. w The average annual inflow and outflow of the Kamaraj Sagar reservoir is calculated.

\. v

! 19 lY v Annual Rainfall (1965-2015) 2sfi) E 2qn E 1500 a' 1(m leearfdr .g 1O e 5@ 0 19@ tgm 1980 1990 2W 2010 2020

Year

arainfall aAverageoormal *

monthly rainfall data from 2002 to 2015 is analysed in seasonwise pattern namely non monsoon (Jan-May), south west morsoon (June-Sep) and north east monsoon (Oct- Dec). A trend analyses of rainfall data for periods (1970-80), (1981-90), (1991-2000) and 2001-15 are plofted. Trend analyses was carried out and furnished. Trend v analyses clearly indicate decreasing rainfall trend up to 2000 and increasing from 2001 to 2015. A very high average monthly rainfall of 820mm was witnessed in October 2007.

w

v 20

CHAPTERIV

4.0 General - Sedimentation studies

For conducting sedimentation survey of any reservoir, a water spread map prepared at the time of construction of the reservoir or at the time of completion of the same should be collected. This will form the basic map for the calculation of the sediment deposited over the years. After studying the plan, a reconnaissance survey along the full reservoir level should be made. The present bed level should be found out by conducting hydro graphic survey as well as ground s,rvey depending upon the water level in the reservoir. Afrer finding out the present bed level ofthe reservoir, by computation the present capacity, and there by the reduction in capacity or the total quantity of silt deposited over years from the date of construction to the present day or from the previous sedimentation survey to the present day can be calculated.

4.1 Methodology

The sedimentation studies involve the following:

I . Preparation of base map (water spread map)

2. Reconnaissance survey.

3. Topographic survey.

4. Hydrographic survey to find out the present bed level.

5. Collection of soil samples and their analysis.

6. Preparation ofcontour map for the present survey.

7. Working eut the present capacity of the reservoir and silt deposit rate.

8. Analysis ofdata and presentation ofresults. 27

4.2,0. Catchment Area map The Catchment map was prepared from the Google Earth Map as there is no original map obtained from the maintain Division and there is no availability of G.I.Sheet as the Dam is construcred very recently map in the year 1993.

4.2,I. Water spread area map

The original water spread area map of Maravakandy reservoir was colected lrom Maravakandy dam section office ( TANGEDCO) and it was not to scare. As we require p.ecise scale for calculation purpose, tre new water spread area map was prepared from the Google earth map and it is copied into section sheet. From the section sheet, the East and North co-ordinates were taken along the periphery of FRL line. By adopting Software Auto Cadd 3D and applying X, y & Z co_ordinates, the new water spread area map was prepared. This map is used as the base map for this survey fbr preparing contour map and worked out the capacity calculation.

4.2,2 Reconnaissance survey Ileconnaissance survey provides the data that enables to study the advantages and disadvantages of a variety of routes and then to determine which routes are feasible. Begin with by studying aI the existing maps that show the area to be surveyed and finding all the possibilities for executing the survey works rike Topography and Hydrographic survey.

In reconnaissance survey' studying the existing maps is an important for the actual field work. Studying these maps and aerial satellite photographs, if any exist, will often eliminate an unfavorabre route from fuither consideration, thus saving the reconnaissance fierd party much time and effort. contour maps give essential intbrmation about the life of an area. Aeriar satelrite photographs provide a quick means for preparing sketches. Direct aerial observation gives an overview of an area that speeds up later ground reconnaissance if the region has already been mapped. Begin the study of a map by marking the limits of the area to be specified terminals to be connected. whether or not there are any existing routes, ridgelines, watercourses, mountain gaps, and similar control features. study the terrain that will 22 permit moderate grades of contour levels. Use a profile arrangement that makes it possible to fill depressions with the cut taken fiom nearby high places. Mark the routes that seem to fit the needs and that should be reconnoitered in the field. From the map study, determine gpdes; estimate the amount of siltation and the present capacity of the reservoirs.

4.3 Topographic survey

The datum in WGS 84 is used for the entire Survey. All levels refer to MSL. The survey was carried out to true north by applying necessary correction in the total station. Leica total station was used for the transfer of Bench Mark marked in the Northem abutment of Kamaraj Sagar dam. This instrument was used for measuring the elevation and transfer of reference levels from the Bench Mark to other identified points. This instrument has the telescope length of 170 mm and a minimum focusing distance of 200 m. It has the leveling accuracy of + 1.0 mm for I km double run leveling. The land survey was carried out using the Leica Laser total station & lt automatically calculates the horizontal distance, vertical distance and slopes in the internal memory. The stored data can be downloaded to computer using the interf'ace.

Fig Theodolite details

Tclescope Magnitication :30X Apefture :45 mm ( EDM :48 mm) Resolving power :J

Display Resolution (sclcctable) H & V : l "/5",0.2/ I rng, 0.005/0.02mi1 Accuracy (lSO 12857-2 1997) ..2"

Display : t-CD, 8 digits x 2 lines w/backlight 23

Display location On both faces

Compensator Dual-axis compensator, working range +3" (+5Smgon)

Dust and water protection rP66 (rEC60s29) Weight with handle and battery a.7kg (10.3Ib.)

Battery LRI4/C batteries x2 Continuous use with alkaline batteries Approx. 75 hours Data storage 10000 points

Display resolution 0.001

4,4 Hydrographic survey to find out the present bed level

The hydrographic survey (sedimentation survey) is to be carried out periodically for every reservoir. conventional method, Remote sensing technique and DGPS based Integrated Bathymetric Survey are used to determine the storage capacity of reservoirs. In the conventional method conventional equipment like theodolite, level, sextant, range finder, sounding rods, echo_sounders, current meter, motor boat etc. are employed.

In continuation of this, Ir,f/s ocean Engineering consultancy Survey extends its services by providing suitable expertise Engineers, required technical assistants, operators. boat operators with assistants, computer system operators. The capacity survey was commenced and carried out the bathymetry and topography survey using IBS boat and its survey equipments available by the watershed Management Board division, Pollachi were carried out during 22nd February, 2016 to 26thMarch, 2016 in the Survey region as shown below. This report presents the results of the bathymetry & topography profile survey carried out in the KAMARAJSAGAR DAM in Nilgiris District, in Tamilnadu. Bathymetry Soundings / profire survey is carried out using Eco sounder, DGPS, Trimble, Total station and with its accessories. 24

4.5 Collection of Soil Sample and their analysis

During the survey, eighteen number of soil samples were collected near the middle of water spread area and boundary of FRL. The samples were analysed using the standard size ofsieves. The map showing the location ofthe soil samples collected are marked in Figure of this report. The particle size distribution curve, Grouping of soil sample and Soil analysis chart are drawn and appended in Figures 7 respectively.

A statement showing the percentage of particles size distribution is prepared for the

45 samples in Annexure .

4.6 Preparation of Contour map

The data collected within the water spread area by Hydrographic survey are computed in the X, Y & z co-ordinates and processed with Auto cadd 3D for preparation of contour map. The contour map was prepared at an interval of I meter elevation and at intervals of 25 Metres X 25 Metres in X and y directions as shown in Figure No.2. By inputting the X, Y and Z values in the Auto cadd 3D rhe contour map and capacity ofeach contour have been arrived.

4.7 Computation of Capacity

The bathymetry survey was conducted using Eco sounder single beam instrument with its accessories. X,y& z co-ordinates were observed for each point of the survey location area. Then it was converted into the cadd format using the required interface softwares. once these points were fixed, the individual depth of each point were calculated on par with the FTL of the storage tank, then created the

3D modeling of the reservoir up to the storage revel on the day of survey and also above till the FTL as solid portions. Now

Fix the l. bed level of the 3D Land object below the lowest of rhe dam and create a 3D solid for the surveyed area.

2. Now for the 3D water maintains the same bed level and area as the 3D land, for top level 25 of 3D water use MFL provided.

Fig Computation process 3. Now tbr both the 3D water and 3D Land, area and bottom level are maintained

same.

4. tJsing Autocad wc can lind thc volumc ol'solid objccts by lilllowing cttltttttittttl MASSI'ItOP.

Fig ('onrputatir'ttr ol- vtrlutnc v 5. To find out the volume of water stored deduct the 3D water with 3D Land, we will \, have the volume of water stored. v 6. Finally the volume of the individual contour level as per the drawing (say I m) v interval were calculated in the same analysis as explained above. 4.8 Analysis of the Data , Sedimentation data of Maravakandy reservoir collected based on the observation made during sedimentation survey have been presented in the following v paragraphs. These data have been analysed for different aspects, like Sedimentation \' rate, Depth versus Capacity relationship, Trap efficiency and Life ofreservoir.

4,9 Sedimentation Rate v The sedimentation rate is given in terms of m.cum/sq.km of catchment area. , The factors that influence the rate of silting are l) Capacity / Inflow ratio 2\ The content of sediment in the inflow. w The highest rate of silting would occur with small capaciry-inflow ratio and \, high sediment content in the inflow. Reservoirs with high capacity - inflow ratio and low sediment content will have the least rate of silting. Capacity - inflow ratio, capacitl' - watershed ratio Maravakandy reservoir have been worked out and detailed below

\, I (a) Capacity/watershed Ratio in 1963 :26.62 I 44.035 : v 0.6045 Mcum/sq.km (b) Capacity/watershed Ratio in 2016 = 24.861 I 44.035 v o.5646M.cum/sq.km

II (a) Capacity of the Reservoir in 1963 = 26.620 Mctm. (Original capacity) (b) Capaciry of the Reservoir in 2016 :24.861 Mcum. (As per second capacity survey)

\, Silt deposition during up to 2016 / loss in capacity : 1.759 Mcum. 27

III Average annual silt load (for 54 years) : 1.759154 (1963 - 2016) =0.03257 Mcum. IV Silt deposition in % =6.61

V Average annual silting rate in % = 0.r2 VI Average annual silting ratelSq.km.catchment = 0.12144.035 =0.00273

4.9.1 Depth Vs Capacity Relationship

Depth Vs Capaciry relationship graph drawn for the existing relationship during construction and for this first capacity survey was drawn and appended with this repolt in Figure No.l4 4.9.2Trap Efficiency

The Trap Efficiency of a reservoir is defined as the ratio of the quantity of deposited sediment to the total sediment inflow i.e. the percentage of incoming sediment trapped. The Trap Efliciency is a function of the ratio of capacity to inflow. In the absence of correct particulars about the inflow, the ratio of capacity to watershed area is made use of. The Trap Efliciency primarily depends on the sediment load characteristics and the detention time of the inflow, and the age of the Reservoir. The detention time depends upon

I ) The ratio between the storage capacity and inflow, 2) The shape of the reservoir basin and

3) The type of outlets and operation schedule.

The curve adopted by Brune (1953) was used and estimared based on capacity and annual inllow. The Capacity - Annual Inflow was 466 based on the analyses of capacity in 1947- &. 2016. As per the curve it was assessed as 100%. Kamaraj Sagar reservoir has got a low capacity-watershed ratio 0.046 Mcum/sq.km for 1947 and 0.040 Mcum/sq.km for 2016. According to B.N.Murthy, in general the reservoir r.vith capacity - watershed ratio is 0.0476 mcum/sq.km with trap 94.50%o.ln general the trap efficiency decreases with the decrease ofthe capacity ratio. .r, 2A v 4.9.3 Life of Reservoir \,. Lif'e ofthe reservoir is the period ofits usefulness for the designed purpose. It v depends on the rate of sedimentation. Reservoir life can be described in Geomorphic v terms as a three stage process and related with the following.

Staee I . Continuous sediment trapping.

Staee2. A main channel will be maintained by scour, sediment deposition v continuous on flood plain areas on either side ofthe channel. \' Stage3.The key to achieving full sediment balance is the discharge of the coarse r- materials. Sediment inflow and outflow in balance.

Vlost of the worlds reservoir is without sediment management \v are in stage l. Only at a few sites stage 2 & 3 are investigated and implemented with necessary \' structural and operational requirements.

\' For our practical reasons the Life ofthe reservoir is the period of its service for

\, the designed purpose. When the reservoir reaches 30oZ of its original capacity, it is \, considered to be useless for the purpose for which it has been constructed and fails to \, serve the mankind.

To assess the Life of the Reservoir, several methods are adopted. In Japan one \, DT.FIACHIRo KIRA oF KHAGWA University has developed an equarion taking \, into account inflow is as follows:

Vs = 0.214(c/i) {o'3

100 100 Ys : ------= Vs 0.214(c/i)'o 413

ys = 46i(cli\0.413

ffiere Vs : Annual mean silt deposition rate in percent

c = Original capacity of the reservoir in Mcum

i : Annual mean inflow into the reservoir in Mcum t, 29

Ys : Number of years during which the silt will fill up v the reservoir completely

Kamaraj sagar Reservoir Original Capacrty :26.62M.u.m. Average annual inflow for 54 years is :0.00179 M.cu.m. (1963 to 2016)

26.62 Therefore (c/1) = 0.4929 54

Vs = 0.214(0.4929)4473 :0.8954%

c Ys =467 (-----__i0.413 i : lll.6

: I 12 years

T.V. TAYLOR of UMVERSITy OF TEXAS, USA has suggested the following procedure to find out the life of reservoir.

Vn =VRn Vn Rn =------V R :qr'n/V)rh

where R is the ratio of the reservoir capacity at the end of the year to that ofthe previous year.

V original capacity (1963) :26.620 M.cu.m.

Vn capacity after 54 years (2016) =24.861M.cu.m. .N =54 f/ t 30 v R = (24.561 126.62y0'otts \/ v =0.9990 I Mean annual silthg rate = (l - R) lfi) pencent per year

I (l _ v = 0.999)100 I = 0.10oA ty 100 100 Life ofreservoir l1l R 0.999 I = l0l Years ! I while comparing the above two results arrived from different formulae the earliest occtrrrence year for the life of reservoir is l0l years. Hence this value is v adopted for the life of the reservoir. t, I I t v ti !, ! v t v I I v t, v \, \, v 31

3D Water Volume Volume in cum

2145.487 83155865.71

2143.487 78135691.72 19840789.26 2'143.100 77164288.05 2142.487 74754201.06 18.474 2141.487 714241'14.07 2140.487 2139.487 I 79500590.70 2138.487 74924592.10

2't37.487 12274772.40 2136.487 54743761.10 1 1028833.80 61196596.30 51313674.11 2134.487 47983601.12 2133.487

2132.487 41273454.13 6't95146.37 2131.487 42892601.90 37903381.14

2130.487 38316603.30 3743282.16 2129.487 I 33740604.70 312382U.15 29164606.10 27908161.16 2127.487 '10519.33 32

CHAPTER-V

5.0 Conclusion

Based on the data collected and the sedimentation survey conducted in the year 2016, the following conclusions have been arrived at

l. Name of the Reservoir - Kamarajsagar 2. Year of completion - 1963 3. Original capacity in M.cum. - 26.620 4. Present capacity in M.cum. - 24.861 5. Capacity loss in M.cum. - 1.759 o/o 6. Capacity loss in - 6.61 7 . Average Annual capacity loss in o/o - 0.00179 8. Watershed area in Sq.km. - 44.035 9. Life of Reservoir in years - 101 10. TrapEfficiency in 7o - 76yo I I . Rate of sedimentation in percentage per annum - 0.12 The rate of silt deposit considerably reduces by providing necessary check dam along the stream formation of silt trap while entering into the water spread area. The offrcials concem may be checked the above facts periodically.

However, the rate of silting and reduction in the capacity ofreservoir would be correctly assessed only after conducting repetition of capacity surveys and watershed studies.

(sd) xxxxxxxxxxx (sd) xxxxxxxxxxx Assistant Engineer, PWD, WRD, Assistant Executive Engineer, Watershed Management Board, PWD, WRD, Udhagamandalam Watershed Management Board, Udhagamandalam

(sd) xxxxxxxxxxx (sd) xxxxxxxxxxx Executive Engineer, PWD, WRD, Superintending Engineer / Director, Watershed Management Board, PWD, WRD, Pollachi -642003 Institute of Hydraulics and Hydrology, Poondi - 602 023 ! t, r, REX'ERENCES f/ l. Surveying and Lwelling (Vol {, II) - Iknelkar.T.p. l, 2. EngineeringHydrolory-Varshney.R.S. I 3. Report on First capoc8 s'rvey of rhunacadavu Reservoir - I.H.H. Report 9 No.2/2014 u 4. Technical rePort on Life of Reservoir - CBIP hrblication No.l9 (edition ly t977) l!, 5. Technical report on Sedimentaiion Studies in Reservoirs - CBIp publication v No.20 (edition l98l) t, v \, \, v ! f/ v v g \, l, t, v v \, t r, t/ I \, (y t 34 t

SL.NO DETAILS PAGENO

I Reconnaissance survey in Kamarajsagar Dam 35

2 Hydrographic survey in Kamarajsagar Dam 36

3 Hydrographic survey in Kamarajsagar Dam 37

\.

w v t

\,

v 35

RECONNAISSANCE SURVEY IN KAMARAJSAGAR DAM

! 36

ITYDROGRAPHIC SURVEY IN KAMARAJSAGAR DAM 37

ITYDROGRAPHIC SURVEY IN KAMARAJSAGAR DAM i, L (, t 38

\, LIST OF AT{ilEXURES v v SLNO DETNI,S PAGENO fy Annexure I Monthly Rainft ll' Statement 39 \, v Annexure 2 Inflow Statem€nt 40 \,, Annexure 3 ot. flow Statement 4t tr

I Annorur4 Soil Samples Statement 42 t I v {y (, ty v t t v i, \, v t I v v 9 t' U L/ t( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( r ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( KAMARAJSAGAR RESERVOTR ANNEXURE - t Monthly Total Ralnfall (ln mml par$culars for the perlod 2OO2 to 2O1S

SEOOn Dlrtrlct l{ama Yatr Jan r.b M., apr M.y Jun ,ul aux s.p 6 Dac Toi.l Ml!1.13

Ooty 2(xr2 0.00,00 0.0000 7.0000 113.m00 108.40@ u9.8mo 55.9000 163.4000 70.0000 265.5@O 132.00@ 8.0000 1053.0000

2m3 0.0000 t6.0000 18.00@ 62.0000 9.0000 181.m00 10.(xm 63.1(m 24.0000 245.3(m m6.2(m 2.2000 735.8m

2ooa 1.@@ 0.um 0.0(m 69.2(m 355.30@ 272.W 59.0(x)0 ,il2.o(m 13&6(m 1El5{m 1il4.SOm 0.(D00 135r.5q'0

2m5 14.0000 0,(xm 6.5000 70.6000 53.1000 92.@00 :lo4.om 102.0000 102.0000 303.O2m 169.(xm 43.m@ !259.22m

2006 0.(trm o.ooq) 62.(,(m 22.@00 !rc.0(m 1E5.00@ 91.0@0 78.fi)oo u4.0(m 391.omo 1t4.0000 8.0@o 12tS.0000

2@7 6.80@ 6.1000 0.00m 1E3.90(b 2E6.0000 $0.0(m 168.4@0 229.mOO 196.00@ tt3.0o0o 197.0mo 26.0000 2332.2000

2000 0.00@ 30.1000 2114m0 28.7000 177.9m0 133.00m 121.7@0 225.1000 97.2000 352.0000 84.7000 84.7000 155r,s000

2009 0.2000 0.0000 63.0000 51.6000 197.7000 2?7.2000 170.5000 75.6m0 152.7000 49.5000 472.0000 72.1000 13s2.2000

2010 6.4000 12.0000 34.0000 12S.7000 74,5000 204.9000 267.0000 10s.0000 109.5000 159,70@ 219.4000 39.6000 1357.7(xr0

2011 0.0000 23.1000 s.3000 143.0000 59.0000 160.5000 100.3000 114.3000 93.9000 226.10,00 173.5000 27.20@ I126.2000

2012 5.4000 0.0ofl) 0.0000 119.mOO 79.1mO 103.9@0 26.2m 78.ir000 33.7oOO 141.1m0 73.1000 9.2m0 550.1000

2013 0.m(x) 0.0000 31.6000 47.5000 107.flm 128.7@0 170.@00 it4.8000 140. m 146.3tn0 76.0000 28.6000 920.60m

20la o.dm 18.2000 s4.8000 41.m00 330.6000 96.20m 131.9000 209.9000 0.0m0 235.8000 101.8000 39.0(m 1260,20q,

2015 o.fim 0.@00 47.6000 35.m00 198.7000 250.20d) 4E.5@O 6/,-zffi 147.9000 103.3000 428.S(m 88.50(x) 141j2.50q'

39 40

ANNEXURENo.2

KAMARAJSAGAR RESERVOIR - ANNUAL INFLOW STATEMENT

Inflow Inflow Year Year in M.cum in M.cum 196s 418.560 1994 907.660 t966 958.160 1995 496.860 t96'7 637.660 1996 853.040 1968 340.630 1997 732.180 t969 359.140 1998 878.790 1970 623.660 1999 377.560 1971 708.860 2000 853.240 t972 933.840 2001 4s8.720 1973 334.500 2002 463.688 t9'74 450.190 2003 324.449 1975 643.710 2004 596.053 t976 280.990 200s 565.850 1977 719.680 2006 1026.984 1978 991.690 200'1 685.845 1979 170.080 2008 583.51 r 1980 571.020 2009 685.41 r 98l 550.240 2010 597.863 1982 36s.780 20tt 495.922 1983 252.270 2012 294.638 1984 539.560 20t3 405.386 1985 197.600 2014 554.924 1986 305.800 2015 621.994 1987 227.370 1988 358.640 Avg 548.755 1989 442.820 t990 275.320 l99l 5t4.240 191)2 804.690 1993 559.220 41 ANNEXURENo.3

KAMARAJSAGAR RESERVOIR

ANNUAL OUTFLOW STATEMENT

Outflow 0utflow Year Year in M.cum inM.cum 1965 l0l1.160 1994 374.450 1966 582.020 1995 565.680 1967 578.610 1996 s43.700 1968 363.030 1997 849.460 1969 508.360 1998 226.460 1970 172.250 1999 294.800 t97t 482.720 2000 777.s10 1972 I152.300 2001 545.740 1973 55.143 2002 417.3t9 1974 585.850 2003 356.893 t975 833.490 2004 447.039 t976 341.750 2005 396.095 1977 322.020 2006 616.190 1978 572.500 2007 514.384 t979 704.300 2008 495.984 1980 877.660 2009 514.058 1981 351.430 2010 418.504 1982 625.030 20tt 277.716 1983 2.930 2012 279.906 1984 r42.770 2013 364.847 1985 683.110 2014 499.432 1986 400.480 2015 559.795 1987 197.590 1988 82.070 1989 352.570 1990 441.590 1991 529.460 1992 650.800 1993 421.720

l. 42

\- ANNEXURENo.4 i,. PERCENTAGEoF PARTICLE SIZE DISTRIBUTIoN IN THE SEDIMENT SAMPLES COLLECTED IN TTM WATERSPREAD AREA OF KAMARAJSAGAR RESERVOIR Type of Soil in % eb Coarse v o-P Gravel Medium Fine silt Sand Remarks id5 100 - Sand Sand below oz 600-212 2mm 75 mic 63 mic 63 mic mic sl 2.to 47.90 43.00 2.OO 5.00

s2 1.80 61.16 34.00 1.00 2.04

'3.76 s3 2.85 56.39 34.92 2.08

s4 0.90 28.66 66.56 1.04 2.96

s5 2.00 25.92 67.96 l.l6 2.96

s6 t.o4 s9.60 37.04 0.84 1.48

s7 1.68 60.40 35.92 0.84 l.l6

s8 1.36 38.32 53.88 1.52 4.92

s9 2.12 39.76 55.24 1.28 2.20

sl0 6.68 45.28 44.t2 0.96 2.96

2.26 46.30 47.25 1.27 2.92

t 43

IIST OF FIGURES

SLNO DETAILS PAGENO

Figure I Kamaraj Sagar Index map 44

Figure 2 Kamamj Sagar cormtour map 45

Figure 3 Land use (1990) 46

Figure4 Land use (2010) 46

Figure 5 Temperature 47

Figure 6 Rainfall 47

Figure 7 Classification of Soil Groups Statement 48

Figure 8 Srmshine Hours 49

Figure 9 Amual Rainfall (l 965-20 I 5) 49 iy Figure l0 Rainfall (197G1980) 50

Figurel I Rainfall (1981-1990) 50

Figure 12 Rainfall (1991-2000) 5l

Figrrel3 Rainfall (2001-2015) 51

Figurel4 Stage vs capacity 52

TRAP EFFICIENCY CT]RVE Figure 15 53 @y Gottachalk and Gunner M.Brune) ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (

44 Figure - 1 6

Kamarajsagar Dam

Fig 3 Land use (1990)

I bodcfittr ct*riecaim (l9ml) "n&Fc !fighiefd

l-

- *?ba -r rtr...r- Gl $.Ft G i rrrrr. I oro. rc.. t q5f. hrmlrrrLa t

Fig 4 Land use (2010)

I.u&rse lodcowr classifca[ioo (2010) Nilgi.i distict

L

aE LJ Ir E{ tl r.*6 tl nc'!i'l I qFrtn'r Clr.nlErr.rr-kt..r tla.r. !

WSMB. DTVISION. POLLACHI IS PE MG AE AEE EE t U

> 4t t, t? KameisggarDam Fig 5 Temperature {, L t \, L E U ly i, t * \, Apr ltry \, L, I Fig6 Rain&Il g I t, 2Batnr aO., t u !s v .E rsordvi r3d ; (- c L tOoinr iod

r; Sorttrr v Orrrr t J.rr F.D tlt t AF lil., .Arn J(ll A.ra 3.D CrGa t5t t!.. I Avarai|. rlr rr Au,araG rutr dttrt \, - {/ v WSMB. DIVISION, POLLACHI ts PE MG I AE AEE EE U L/ r( c(rr( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( (( c( c((r( (( ('((( ( ((

KAMARAJSAGAR DAM.CLASSIFICATION OF SOIL GROUPS CHART Figure N0 7

r5 !) a

o o c, a! 6l o

er

Gravel Course sand Medium sand Fin6 sand Sllt & Clay 100-2mm 600 - 2'12 mic 75 mic 63 mic Reiained

Soil type / particle size

48 I tr 49 l. i. Krmqisagrllm l, Fig8 SunshireHors t (. t ! ! lIr e t E rat ! .r {y lh t, r, ,0r

I r v EAt ^rra SaD t I HEs ly fr- v Fig9 Annual Rainfall l, Annual Raintull (1965-2015) ,su! {i a I 2@ E a I E 15@ aaa ilmt! o I i aa a a d. a ror' v E! I o 1!160 19rO ls xm 2m l(,ro m20 t Yeal

{y ar&frll aAwraFnonn l a ? I WSMB, DN4SION, FOLLACIil ffi PE ItfiG v AE AEE EE r, {r 50

Kamarqisagar Dam

Rainfall 197O-8O 18DO r ---- - I 160() r,.. -.- --a--.--. I 14@ lt -,2 E 12oo iil-,. E rmo ir ---Ta Q--.-. e 8(n I o o rainfall I = I E5m Linear (rainfall! 4m 1 - 2m I o BSSF,"*$SEE

Fig I I Rainfall

Rainfall 1981-90

1400 1200 o E lmo a Eem a O oa a rainfall fom , c4@ll Linear (rainfall) 2@ - o FEveaP6o88EEE

WSMB, DIVISION, FOLLACHI IS PE MG AE AEE EE 51

Kamarajsagar Dam Fig l2Rainfall

Rainfall 1991-2(Xr0

18rX) 1600 14fi) E l2(X) € t-o a rainfall fam- !oo A It(x) Unear (rainfall) 2m - o IJPIJts EtsEEE6,.'svaaPo

Fig 13 Rainfall

Rainfall 2001-2015 25fi)

2m0

E E 1500 i E 1m0 a rainfall i c tirEar (rainfall) 5m -

o Fi,NNNNi']\,NT\' OOl.,.sAeaPoN5orE88888BBBB

WSMB. DTVISION. POLLACHI IS PE MG AE AEE EE

N) N' N' I\)NN)NN) PHts PPPPP HN'N) (r)(r55Ln :r9g'ooo ooooo9lrr9!r'9 ooo ooooo

0.01051933 L.256M494 2.50237055 3.743282t6 4.98922076 6.L95L4637 7.39L05798 8.63699558 lr vEr 9.882922L9 6) 11.0288338 l- , o I>,.\ L2.2747724 t1 13.49069801 o 6) 6-r L4.73660962 a) oB^\ L5.98254822 -{ L7.22847383 L8.47438544 18.86938559 L9.84078926 22.35087629 24.86096325

I t- I o 6) vC o 53

KAMARAJSAGAR DAM TRAP EFFICIENCY CURVE Figure No.l5 (By Gottachatk and Gunrter M.Brune) Y

L "ata (,) -W

60 72 t4 e6 tot l2o .eservoir Storage capacity in t000 Cu.m. p€r sq.km. drainage Capacity Watershed Area Capacity Watershed Sediment Trapped Year in M cu.m inSqkm Ratio In Percentage ?0t6 24.86r 44.Ofs 0.56458 80

/l Elo Primarily highly fl

{

Ratro ofCapacity t Annual hno*

( apacit, Avcragc annual rnflt,u in M cu.nl ln l\4 cum

WSMB, DIVISION, POLLACHI ts PE MC AE AEE EE GOVERT{MENT OF TAUILNADU WATER, RESOURCES DEPARTTTIENT

Froro To Er,G.Rajendran, ltl.E,, The Chlef Pro_.-.ct Director & rch & construction SUL-,erinten ding Engineer(i/c), pWD, WRD, stare project Management unit, DRIP, \: ,:, Pnla. House, Kamarajar Salai, nai-5. Ci.r inJ -05. '. Ln.,i. \'r L i:u rr?ii.cJm

Lr.No, F 1OO5/DRIP/SPMU/2O14 Dt, 12.r.1.2O15

Srr Sub: Dam R€habilitation and Improvement Project (DRIP)- condueting sedimentation study in 11 Tamil Nadu dams (8 wRD and 3 TANGEDCO dams) during the year 2015-16 under L)RIp at an estimared cost of Rs.45.00 lakh-Approved br- the Empowered Committee - Administrative Sanction Accorded- Government Order Communicated - Reg.

Ref: G.O. (Ms) No.201 Public Works (WR 1) Department dated 05. 1 1 .2015. L I herewith enclose the copy of the Government Order (G.O) cited fo. "Conducting sedamentatlon study in 11 Tamil Nadu Dams (8 WRD and 3 TANGEDCO dams) during the year 2O15-16 under DRIP" ar. an estimated cost of Rs. 45.00 lakh as approved by the Enrp$rered Committee for information and necessary action. Encl: Copy of the G.O. cited

i ;-^'' l.^i ror'p-t".t oiflildi, spuu 9'; .'''r (1.';:)r srlhmitted to the Chief Engineer, WRD, O&M, Chepauk, Chennai-5. Cor|r to the Director, PWD, WRD, Institute of Hydraulics and Hydrology, Pc,lnCi l'or information and necessary action. L{i;p'; to lhe Executive Engineer, PWD, WRD, Watershed Management Dr..,1sjon, Pollachi for information and necessary action. Abstraql .r:r .; .'Jorkc oeparlmenl - wai8, Resoufces Departtnent - Dam Reratrihlalon ,nc '. r.:-,-'r:N]eol ProJect (DRIP) - Proposal lor conducting Sedimaniairn;r Slud' ,t i I'j{rlu Oams durang the year 2015-16 undgr Dam Rohabilttatron and i.'}ptovernet}l L i.,,ec' 3l an estrnratod cost of R6.45.00 la6 - 4:ptovcd by tho Empou,ered Committee - . .i.'rr ;tralrve Sanction - accorded- Otders - lssu€d.

Public WorkE (WRll D€partment , r lvl..l No 201 Ortad: 511.2015 lori'rurr. ?,i:Nrr 19 $lqlehgg rtri rirr.i.1r ii ?i ir:

Read ',, l,1s i f.1o.341. Puillac lvo{xs {l Spl 1) Departmenl. dded 26 1 1.2(1.. ,. , 1,lai!r6)No 280. Pubhc Works (l.SF 1)Depa,lrnent, dated 12.12 2!r12 : , ,::rMsi No.73, Public Works (l.Srl 1)o€partment. deted 23 5 2ir : ' , r- i v'ls) No.46, Pijlrlrc \,".,oil-s ( j :ilr.l] Oeparlnleni Catea ?'. 2 2C':'t , ! O,['ls] 1.1(J.253. Publii Works {i.Spl 1) Deparhent. dated 18 :2 2{)iu Rosd also t l- :i.)r, the Chief Engtneet. Operation ald Mainleflance. Walet i?esources j.1.,::ll.nerl Le[er No 0516484198 (EC li-2015)-3. dated 22 7 2A1a.

. :iir ,lovernmenl Order firsl r6ad above, lhe Govornmant havi' acco,oec :ii .iratrvc sanclron lor the implementatiofl of Oam Fehabilitation and lrriprov(.'rrr(r"l , .,(, 'n lafl)rl Nadu wittl the Wo.ld Bank Sfshtanca at a co$ of Rs.74549 i:ior(i ir'.'' ij! r. .it 49 crorss, an amounl ol R6.23.23 Crot€5 has beon albtteti 'ct lflstltuia(,liai .,.r\e,iicnin$ componenl under Dam Rehtb lltlon and lmprov€menl Frol?rjl

: i,1 llre Covernmenl Order second reao above, orders were rssued lati ii-l :,!icl[r]'iron ol Empowered Comminee Under the Chairmanship o, Chrel Secreta.,v lo ,.illriretl krr speedy implementation of Dam Rehabilitation and lmprovenlenl Pr.,lrcl inj,,,i0 Bdrk logn assGtance

. ,.. ihc Goverflmenl Order ihird read abovo, llle Governlnani \ave accordad , r",,nr,:1r.-rlive sanclron fot conducting sedimentation study in '10 V{ater APsour..-is '.,r ri)eot t)ams under Darr Renablitdion and lmprovem€nl Project a{:ilnc :he !e3l .'. lj ,,1 J,, cslrraleJ Lust of RS.Es.Oo lakhs. Subsequently. ln the Go\rcrrinle,l: ordcl 'r '-i, irrtrelrdnlenl ltave beell issued lo modify lC it'aler R€iscl,:.-s liepartnlPfti jar)rs ' a:. .'. water Resour@-s.?ery. piuur 8r1 and 2 TAI,IGEDCo Dams ii(:a,iyaprir) and Dams)) and r"',+&ffiG'pd,,ci;1b". lGtenmcrqar OV ;"n;;j;-;=#;;,,._ Departmenr Dams ff*{ffi ,p ,)i1l?lrl:,",'*'j iii'ffi**mion srucry dL,rins the yea,

-i ._lovernmerrl :,,,.. Order fifth rea(, above, ,il']ltr|\l:'.,".S3:1Clionfora..su1nofxs.580o_rir

SI.Nt. Amou n t Ill Daecription lakh a jRs ] .;',rtrrneiitation Study i6i iiDami - ,r 'I.'RD + 3 TANGEDCO Dams)

':l Ir.c.riation-of Rates for yJar tne eOt+i@Sy. 2.07 il i ontrngencles i i,2

7' The i-lover,.'menr has exenkrad the pro'orar r'{aintena"'1' dthe chief Engineer, .peration and Resources oepartr#ni-o-"'s"i' on the recommendat,on : rr li)c\4,er(-.:t .;:_.rn]r:!ee"'t'i1r'rf cf ritr. and hereby accora uO.irlJt[tirl arnaton ihr' iF:ripp'1" '"'lv rri'e for a sunr oi Rs.{5 :ji] rakh onry) towara" .onJr.ii,ig iedimentat,on : '.rrrj,,1r ,: e: separtmenr s,i,u, ,, ,r-r".,. bamsrnosinruc'irjc6;#:;l,ld;illrr-" , r"'J"r [)arn r::1:;ia i-jri;ration and_ rmprovement ,,ri, eroj"li-in" Government aiso drrect ihar ine '{.xcenditure lrourd r,e restncted to actuar cost ,'no .' c.:, ile fiunce amount shourd be remrite,l . iread or .1,.:f ?,,:,,, """ornilnoiJJr.i"ti"i,ff*"uiatety bef;r;;;".i,"-Jrn,. r :h€ erpendture sanctioned ar para 7 sovB shs,l be &ned under rhe foi,orying ..:f: :.i lict)r l I i - ,-"$Lrl 'i Outlay an Malbr and Medium trrroarroo Meti,r,r:- , .' 03 :i.it.Dn L ommerclat - 42,1 Dam RehabIEfun ind tmuroremer: ., ,:ir!rii- ptan .. pfi tl slare Sedim€ntatron Studies rn utaiei ,,.rranment Rli:ir,,,., Dams under OEm Ra*Bbilitetbn and tnrorule.nenl ,i.':exr -'16 Major Works (Dpc :4701-i)$,tz1_pB.t6oer, '

l*Tsa.ry tunds wi be provired in RE/FMA 2015_16. hoii,e:ir :., .,.,ii!:,.r{.' ,,!: .;:. sna!,shal prougnt osbs brought to the noliCEnotiCE otof hethe Lagbhture by gp€crlic jo.jrr.;i.., ,r r.. i rr1 :,r.ri). Esnnrates 20a5-16. CenOrng provrion of funis r-n Riiff,.l.. z,::,, .,, .. ,, .']r ri.Clrrcf ,.ry41€r Resources oepartnent and Chb, Engireei i6er,:rai i,u.,,,, ,". ,.lj;'r.1inrni Chenaar rs authorised lo incu, the .*pJnarrrr" ;r;.;,.,r; , , ::: .,r,e i io rS ?lso re,Jussted to include lhe above expenditure whale sexillig 3ijc?el -r'i,{}sa,5 lor ri RUFMA 2015-16 and drafl €xplanatory nob; tor Suppiementa,.y I .i.,.|Etr:., i,-ra.ce iPW-llrBG. i) Uepanment al ar apOrOplate trme wil,rrrrr l:I;

'r-i,r!(je, rssrj€s with lhe cirnaufiFncg oI lho l,tgr;r:; ;.rrFra4 _,,_,. .. '. , r,ir,,,i . .!..11a Dated 30.1C 2Cti and ASL Nr 1i$g rrr,,f. :1,r,,,..,.,,,. ,--,, i r y {.,.eltl}

,8" i-.:.terot th€ Gov<,:.r;,,, r

N.S Palanii!p;r,j,, PrlnciFal Secretz.y ts ,-).-, , ,.,,r,h

' : r!. r,:rl Secrelary '. to Govetnrllent. Fioance Oepan nent ahennar,g ., .ir; l: aovenrmert. f|lerqy Depa(ment. Chennat_lr !i!ui. r-tocluctton .i: COnrmissroner & principAi Secret3ry io Govei*!ne!tl -i-,i.u:irilc 5cpartmoflt. Chennat,9 I r. . nc,iial Secretary / Chairman / Managing Oiredor. Tarnil .lrhLt,rll (:L,lrofation Nadu Geneiah3fl .tnd and Tam.t Nadu Eb;tridly goarO an,l C]xrir_in, T4t.ltn;,r,:.,,. ..i " i .t .: lhle,. Water R€sourceg Dapartment and , ' : .:!,r1 ptrblic .,-., l{;eleral). Worfrs Oeoadmed Chenrst-5 ,r1r ,. i._:r,l ! Jperalioir aql.i .alaintenance), Wate, nesci ries Depaii,r,., li

, i. I o(l,rr.er (Crvrt Designs). Tamii N6du Generafios ,,::;i,iitr, alld iil] ,Jr)rporalion Lld., Chennai-2 :,ri: Agricullure Engineering ' 'r,lnier..i,).i Ocparlnrent. Charrnar 35 1, .)r., Suiennrgr,4lpg pnn,n*., !!! i.4an3gemer)t Un ol DRlp, Chsor)ai_s. ,, i , ,,uniaill Generat rAu(iil), Cite't0at- !A . ; riir'lt.*rt (len{)rai aA & E). Chennai-i8 ,,. r1:. ()lfrcer (t,ast). Egmare. Chennar-6

. ; . irtr Cltref Mir'r-clcr.. Chennai-g v ' ..!)rv .. r- Itn,ar,,nront tn ah;6f r: , r Secret.,!, ^^.hr,1, ^-r - '- , ,:t3i.v ,,r.|r'r:, r\- . . . tc Princrpal Secretary to Government, Ptrblic Work_q L. ' _ lri:itf ._.... .l \, . i :r,.,. ' .i''..i i/B(,-r.ll/F'\ l.ll) Department, Chenna; - I ,.' l:ri:., - .:, .i.i, ,:t Officcrr, Oir'. lte Principal Aocoualent Ceneral '- . t .:iiritl ::r)cl(;r ,llrdll) Secrelarial, Chcn;;::, 1:: : ., {.,,t}9.,t

:i F o r!,Yarded I By Order;l

Se.jf .)l''lt. i-:t ;f ia