DOCSLIB.ORG

Sports Sponsorships of Food and Nonalcoholic Beverages

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Sports Sponsorships of Food and Nonalcoholic Beverages Marie A. Bragg, PhD, a, b Alysa N. Miller, MPH, a Christina A. Roberto, PhD, c Rachel Sam, MPH, d SportsVishnudas Sarda, MBBS, Sponsorships MPH, e Jennifer L. Harris, PhD, MBA, f Kelly of D. Brownell, Food PhDg and Nonalcoholic Beverages BACKGROUND: abstract Food and nonalcoholic beverage companies spend millions of dollars on professional sports sponsorships, yet this form of marketing is understudied. These sponsorships are valuable marketing tools but prompt concerns when unhealthy products METHODS: are associated with popular sports organizations, especially those viewed by youth. – This descriptive study used Nielsen audience data to select 10 sports organizations with the most 2 17 year old viewers of 2015 televised events. Sponsors of these organizations were identified and assigned to product categories. We identified advertisements promoting food and/or nonalcoholic beverage sponsorships on television, YouTube, and sports organization Web sites from 2006 to 2016, and the number of YouTube RESULTS: advertisement views. The nutritional quality of advertised products was assessed. Youth watched telecasts associated with thesen sports organizations over 412 million times. These organizations had 44 food and/or nonalcoholicn beverage sponsors (18.8% of sponsors),n second to automotiven sponsors ( = 46). The National Football League had the most food and/or nonalcoholic beverage sponsors ( = 10), followed by the National Hockey League ( = 7) and Little League ( = 7). We identified 273 advertisementsn that featured food and/or nonalcoholic beveragen products 328 times and product logos 83 times (some advertisements showed multiple products). Seventy-six percent ( = 132) of foods had unhealthy nutrition scores, and 52.4% ( = 111) of nonalcoholic beverages were sugar- CONCLUSIONS: sweetened. YouTube sponsorship advertisements totaled 195.6 million views. Sports sponsorships are commonly used to market unhealthy food and NIH nonalcoholic beverages, exposing millions of consumers to these advertisements. WHAT’S KNOWN ON THIS SUBJECT: Food and beverage companies spend millions of dollars a b Department of Population Health, School of Medicine, and College of Global Public Health, New York annually on sports sponsorships to use their logos, University, New York, New York; cDepartment of Medical Ethics & Health Policy, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; dHarvard Business School, Harvard University, Boston, brand names, and products in sports venues and Massachusetts; eDivision of Adolescent Medicine, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts; fRudd advertisements. The public health community has Center for Food Policy and Obesity, University of Connecticut, Hartford, Connecticut; and gSanford School of raised concerns about unhealthy food and beverage Public Policy, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina promotion through sponsorships. Dr Bragg originated the study idea and design, helped with data acquisition and analyses, WHAT THIS STUDY ADDS: The study provides the led the writing of the manuscript, had full access to all of the data in the study, and takes first comprehensive analysis of food and beverage responsibility for the integrity of the data and accuracy of the analysis; Ms Miller helped with sponsorships of US sports organizations. Food the data acquisition and analysis and helped draft the manuscript; Drs Roberto, Harris, and and beverage companies were the second largest Brownell helped interpret the results and provided critical feedback on drafts of the manuscript; Ms Sam and Mr Sarda helped with the data acquisition and analysis and provided feedback on category of sponsors, and the majority of food the manuscript; and all authors approved the final manuscript as submitted and agree to be and beverages in sponsorship commercials were accountable for all aspects of the work. unhealthy. DOI: https:// doi. org/ 10. 1542/ peds. 2017- 2822 Accepted for publication Jan 16, 2018 To cite: Bragg MA, Miller AN, Roberto CA, et al. Sports Sponsorships of Food and Nonalcoholic Beverages. Pedi- atrics. 2018;141(4):e20172822 Downloaded from www.aappublications.org/news by guest on September 29, 2021 PEDIATRICS Volume 141, number 4, April 2018:e20172822 ARTICLE Poor diet is a significant driver of with the sponsored entity (ie, sports– of 1 systematic review on food childhood obesity and is associated1, 2 organization) to the sponsor (ie,23 25 marketing and sports sponsorship with a number of serious illnesses. food and/or beverage brand). noted that just 13 studies exist,38 with Food marketing is 1 factor that For example, feelings of excitement 10 taking place in Australia. Digital contributes to poor diet among youth. and accomplishment associated (ie, Internet-based) marketing is 1 ’ Exposure to food advertisements with the Olympics may transfer to platform used in sponsorship, yet this can influence children s food excitement and a positive self-image form of advertising is understudied. preferences and purchase– requests when consuming products of an Because digital marketing is a and can lead to increased3 7short- Olympic sponsor, such as Coca-Cola. newer and growing frontier, it is term food consumption, even Companies –have also attributed critical for public health researchers for foods that are8 not shown in the sales growth26 32 to sports sponsorship to examine the types of products advertisement. Public health experts activities. promoted on these platforms and and government agencies are calling the scope of this form of advertising. Studies examining the influence of for policies that limit the marketing In 2006, YouTube was the fastest – food sponsorship on consumers of unhealthy foods and encourage the growing Web brand, increasing its 1, 9 12 have revealed high levels of recall promotion of healthy messages. monthly audience from 4.9 million and preference for food sponsors. 39 “ to 19.6 million in 5 months. Sponsorship is 1 form of marketing, The authors of 1 study showed 40 Recent Nielsen data reveal that defined as the provision of that 68% of children ages 10 to 14 the YouTube mobile application was assistance, either financial or in-kind, years could recall an average of 2 ranked as the third most frequently to an activity by a commercial sponsors associated with their own ” used smartphone application. organization for the purpose of 13 youth sports team (including 1 food achieving commercial objectives. sponsor); children ages 10 to 11 Public health advocates cited The high financial cost of sports years were more likely than older concerns about the effects of sponsorship contracts reveals that children to state that they thought unhealthy sports sponsorships companies find immense value in about sponsors when making ’ during growing criticism of the these marketing opportunities, with food or beverage purchases and – partnership between McDonald s global expenditures totaling $57.5 that they should return the favor ’ 41 43 14 ’ and the Olympics. In 2017, billion in 2015. In 2011, PepsiCo of sponsorship by purchasing the “ 33 ” McDonald s prematurely ended agreed to pay $90 million per year sponsor s products. In addition, their 41-year Olympics sponsorship, during their 10-year sponsorship 4 of the 10 most-liked commercials ’ although the company reported renewal contact with the National during the 2010 Olympics were “ ” 15 that the decision reflected a need Football League (NFL). In exchange McDonald s and Coca-Cola ’ 44 34 to focus on other priorities. for an estimated $20 million per sponsorship commercials. The ’ Despite McDonald s visible presence Olympic Games, sponsors like Coca- possibility of brand image transfer as a sponsor that terminated its Cola, McDonald s, and Visa were between unhealthy food brands and partnership amid such public granted a variety of marketing sports organizations is concerning criticism, no study authors have privileges, including the use of if consumers inaccurately associate 16 quantified the extent of sponsorship Olympic rings in advertisements. In unhealthy food products with health 35 as a food marketing tactic among fact, Coca-Cola has sponsored every and fitness. a variety of professional sports Olympic Games since 1928, making it 17 Although the use of sports organizations and food and beverage the longest continuous partner. sponsorships by food companies companies in the United States, Sponsorships are valuable for has been10, criticized 12,33 by public health nor have any quantified exposure several reasons. First,– brand experts, there are scant data to these commercials via newer awareness increases18 21 as a result in the United States on its scope media channels such as YouTube. In of sponsorship. Specifically, and the types of foods promoted. the current study, we aimed to (1) Americans who viewed the 2008 The authors of 1 study found that determine the prevalence of food Olympic Games on television and the 9% of sports sponsors in Australia and nonalcoholic beverage company Internet had higher brand awareness were food companies, and 63% sponsorships among professional for companies that spent the most of those sponsors promoted sports organizations popular among ’ 36 on sponsorship (ie, Coca-Cola, unhealthy products. Another youth ages 2 to 17 years in the United McDonald s, Visa)22 compared with Australian study revealed that 70% States, (2) assess the nutritional other sponsors. Sponsorship may of parents surveyed supported quality of products featured in ’ also lead to brand image
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Case 23 Pepsico's
    BFV GROUP : Beatrice Teresa Colantoni, Francesco Morgia, Valentina Palmerio. PepsiCo’s Business Case – CASE 23 PEPSICO’S HISTORY. PepsiCo, Inc., was established in 1965 when PepsiCola and Frito-Lay shareholders agreed to a merger between the salty-snack icon and soft-drink giant. The new company was founded with annual revenues of $510 million and such well-known brands as Pepsi-Cola, Mountain Dew, Fritos, Lay’s, Cheetos, Ruffles, and Rold Gold. By 1971, PepsiCo had more than doubled its revenues to reach $1 billion. The company began to pursue growth through acquisitions outside snacks and beverages as early as 1968, but its 1977 acquisition of Pizza Hut significantly shaped the strategic direction of PepsiCo for the next 20 years. The acquisitions of Taco Bell in 1978 and Kentucky Fried Chicken in 1986 created a business portfolio described by Wayne Calloway (PepsiCo’s CEO between 1986 and 1996) as a balanced three-legged stool. Calloway believed the combination of snack foods, soft drinks, and fast food offered considerable cost sharing and skill transfer opportunities. PepsiCo strengthened its portfolio of snack foods and beverages during the 1980s and 1990s, adding also quick-service restaurant. By 1996 it had become clear to PepsiCo management that the potential strategic-fit benefits existing between restaurants and PepsiCo’s core beverage and snack businesses were difficult to capture. In 1997, CEO Roger Enrico spun off the company’s restaurants as an independent, publicly traded company to focus PepsiCo on food and beverages. Soon after the spinoff of PepsiCo’s fast-food restaurants was completed, Enrico acquired Cracker Jack, Tropicana, Smith’s Snackfood Company in Australia, SoBe teas and alternative beverages, Tasali Snack Foods (the leader in the Saudi Arabian salty-snack market), and the Quaker Oats Company.
    [Show full text]
  • View Annual Report
    2 Letter to Shareholders 10–11 Financial Highlights 12 The Breadth of the PepsiCo Portfolio 14 Reinforcing Existing Value Drivers 18 Migrating Our Portfolio Towards High-Growth Spaces Table 22 Accelerating the Benefits of of Contents One PepsiCo 24 Aggressively Building New Capabilities 28 Strengthening a Second-to-None Team and Culture 30 Delivering on the Promise of Performance with Purpose 33 PepsiCo Board of Directors 34 PepsiCo Leadership 35 Financials Dear Fellow Shareholders, Running a company for the long • We delivered +$1 billion savings term is like driving a car in a race in the first year of our productiv- that has no end. To win a long race, ity program and remain on track you must take a pit stop every now to deliver $3 billion by 2015; and then to refresh and refuel your • We achieved a core net return car, tune your engine and take other on invested capital3 (roic) of actions that will make you even 15 percent and core return on faster, stronger and more competi- equity3 (roe) of 28 percent; tive over the long term. That’s what • Management operating cash we did in 2012—we refreshed and flow,4 excluding certain items, refueled our growth engine to help reached $7.4 billion; and drive superior financial returns in • $6.5 billion was returned to our the years ahead. shareholders through share repurchases and dividends. We invested significantly behind our brands. We changed the operating The actions we took in 2012 were model of our company from a loose all designed to take us one step federation of countries and regions further on the transformation to a more globally integrated one to journey of our company, which enable us to build our brands glob- we started in 2007.
    [Show full text]
  • Partial Listing of Gluten-Free “Mainstream” Products Available in the Chicago Area Or Through the Internet
    PARTIAL LISTING OF GLUTEN-FREE “MAINSTREAM” PRODUCTS AVAILABLE IN THE CHICAGO AREA OR THROUGH THE INTERNET Updated March 5, 2005 Wheaton Gluten-Free Support Group This list was compiled from lists and postings on celiac and autism organizations’ websites and from information provided by manufacturers and retailers. In addition to products in this list, a wide variety of gluten-free specialty products are available, clearly labeled “gluten free.” This list is based on available information and does not claim to be complete. Its accuracy depends on the accuracy of the information provided by the product manufacturers. Information verification dates are given in parentheses. INGREDIENTS OF SOME PRODUCTS CHANGE OFTEN. FOR CURRENT INFORMATION, CHECK THE INGREDIENT LIST ON THE PRODUCT LABEL. 2 TABLE OF CONTENTS Shelf-Stable Entrees/Travel Foods .................................................................39 MIXES ........................................................................................................40 PICKLES AND OLIVES ................................................................................41 BAKERY/BREAD/TACOS/TORTILLAS.......................................................... 3 SALAD DRESSINGS ....................................................................................42 Waffles....................................................................................................... 3 SAUCES/CONDIMENTS ..............................................................................43 BAKING PRODUCTS ...................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Introduction to Product Lifecycle Management Principles
    Introduction to Product Lifecycle Management Principles For Healthy Food & Drink Businesses The AHFES training for Product Lifecycle Management is divided across 3 modules This is Module 1 “A Introduction to Product lifecycle Management principles” Module 1.2 Provides a more comprehensive overview of “The PLM software options.” Module 2 Provides an overview of “Applying PLM to healthy food” All the training modules can be found on the Training section of the AHFES website https://www.ahfesproject.com/training/ 2 First let define what is meant by Product Lifecycle Management (PLM) “It’s a systematic approach to managing the series of changes a product goes through, from its design and development to its ultimate retirement or disposal.” PLM is associated with manufacturing and is typically broken into the following stages: Beginning of life (BOL) - includes new product development and design processes. Middle of life (MOL) - includes collaboration with suppliers and product information management. End of life (EOL) - includes strategies for how the products will be disposed of, discontinued, or recycled. The goal of PLM is to eliminate waste and improve efficiency. PLM is considered to be an integral part of the lean production model. Module 1 Content The Importance of PLM 5-13 1 The core concept The Process 14 -19 2 The 7 Key Areas The Benefits 20 - 25 3 Increased revenue Innovation Product Marketing External communication 4 Module Content Example of PLM food product 26 – 35 The Sector 4 The need The process The result Overview of types of PLM 36 – 41 5 Dedicated Cloud Monday.com – Odoo – Ahaa Specialist – Modular Conclusion 42 6 Key Points 5 Importance of Product Life cycle Management Helps in planning, provides information about the market.
    [Show full text]
  • What Have I Learned? William E
    Journal of Business Case Studies – First Quarter 2006 Volume 2, Number 1 What Have I Learned? William E. Matthews, William Paterson University E.J. (Roy) Knaus, (Email: [email protected]), William Paterson University Do you remember our old marketing professor? What did we call him? "Tumbleweed" … that was it because he always looked as if rolled across the prairie somewhere. He was good. One of the things I learned from him was that you should always ask questions. "You never know less than when you started," was his favorite saying. We'll over the last few days, I have asked a lot of questions. And my question is: what have I learned? It was Tuesday evening in April 2003 and Peter Caswell and his good friend, Alan Dawes, were having a well-earned latte at the local Starbuck's. This was their regular racket ball night and they had played together virtually every Tuesday since they were roommates in college. Peter continued: As I mentioned a couple of weeks back, I received a call from a guy who does business brokerage with the information that the Brustlin Bottling Company for sale. I knew Tom Brustlin when I worked for my father. He's a nice guy but he must be in his late seventies now. So, I guess he's retiring and putting the business up for sale. Anyway, I went out and took a look at it. It is old but perfectly functional. And I think he's take $250,000 for it. So, I did some research on the bottling industry and also made calls to a number of local bottlers to get a feel for what's going on in the industry.
    [Show full text]
  • What's Your Investing Strategy?
    Ask the Fool Low- or High-Priced Stock? As a new investor, I wonder: Fool’s School you mull how you want to invest: My Smartest Investment The Motley Fool Take QIs it better to buy stocks • What’s your investing time under $20 per share, like Fitbit, frame? When you buy stocks, you or higher-priced stocks such as What’s Your should only invest money you won’t Valuing Greatness Snack on Sherwin-Williams (recently near need for five years or more. $680 per share), that have been Investing Strategy? My smartest investment was buy- This Stock • How involved will you be? If ing shares of cloud-based communi- around longer and have good For best results when investing, you’re going to learn to study stocks cations specialist Twilio at $25 each. If you’re looking for a resilient track records? It seems you could don’t just buy or sell whatever you and then follow your holdings regu- The company looked like it had great investment during this pandemic, buy a lot more shares in lower- fancy on a whim, following hot tips, larly, great. If not, consider simple, people, great values and great inno- consider PepsiCo (NASDAQ: PEP). priced stocks and make more hunches, media mentions or your low-fee, broad-market index funds, vative services. — T.C.S., online It’s not simply a beverage company, money. — John S., online emotions. Instead, read up as many people assume; it also owns such as those that track the S&P 500 The Fool Responds: A combi- the Frito-Lay family of snacks and the You need to separate the on investing, consider your or the entire stock market.
    [Show full text]
  • Coffees Serving Size Caffeine (Mg)
    Coffees Serving Size Caffeine (mg) Dunkin' Donuts Coffee with Turbo Shot large, 20 fl. oz. 436 Starbucks Coffee venti, 20 fl. oz. 415 Starbucks Coffee grande, 16 fl. oz. 330 Panera Frozen Mocha 16.5 fl. oz. 267 Starbucks Coffee tall, 12 fl. oz. 260 Starbucks Caffè Americano grande, 16 fl. oz. 225 Panera Coffee regular, 16.8 fl. oz. 189 Starbucks Espresso Frappuccino venti, 24 fl. oz. 185 Dunkin' Donuts Coffee medium, 14 fl. oz. 178 Starbucks Caffè Mocha grande, 16 fl. oz. 175 Starbucks Iced Coffee grande, 16 fl. oz. 165 Maxwell House Ground Coffee—100% Colombian, Dark Roast, 2 Tbs., makes 12 fl. Master Blend, or Original Roast oz. 100-160 Dunkin' Donuts Cappuccino large, 20 fl. oz. 151 Starbucks—Caffè Latte, Cappuccino, or Caramel Macchiato grande, 16 fl. oz. 150 Starbucks Espresso doppio, 2 fl. oz. 150 Keurig Coffee K-Cup, all varieties 1 cup, makes 8 fl. oz. 75-150 2 tsp., makes 12 fl. Folgers Classic Roast Instant Coffee oz. 148 Starbucks Doubleshot Energy Coffee, can 15 fl. oz. 146 Starbucks Mocha Frappuccino venti, 24 fl. oz. 140 1 packet, makes 8 fl. Starbucks VIA House Blend Instant Coffee oz. 135 McDonald's Coffee large, 16 fl. oz. 133 2⅔ Tbs., makes 12- Maxwell House International Café, all flavors 16 fl. oz. 40-130 Seattle's Best Coffee—Iced Latte or Iced Mocha, can 9.5 fl. oz. 90 Starbucks Frappuccino Coffee, bottle 9.5 fl. oz. 90 International Delight Iced Coffee 8 fl. oz. 76 2 Tbs., makes 12 fl. Maxwell House Lite Ground Coffee oz.
    [Show full text]
  • Broward County Public Schools Approved Smart Snacks Beverages
    Updated October 25, 2019 Broward County Public Schools Approved Smart Snacks Beverages All Brands (water) MS/HS Unflavored water Any size Aquafina Flavor Splash (berry berry, Aquafina HS color me kiwi, really raspberry) 20 oz. Aquafina Flavor Splash sparkling Aquafina HS ( kiwi strawberry, orange citrus) 16.9 oz. Bubly HS Assorted Sparking Waters 12 oz. Campbell Soup Co. MS/HS V-8 Fusion 100 % Juice 8 oz. Canada Dry HS Canada Dry 10-Gingerale 12 oz. Canada Dry HS Diet Ginger Ale 12 oz. Sparkling Seltzer Water Canada Dry HS (Unflavored) 12 oz. Sparkling Seltzer Water (Raspberry, Canada Dry HS Strawberry) 12 oz. Clement Pappas & Co., Inc. MS/HS Fruit Punch-100% Juice 8 oz. Coca-Cola HS POWERADE ZERO Fruit Punch 12 oz. Coca-Cola HS Diet Barq's Beer 12 oz., 20 oz. Coca-Cola HS Cherry Zero, Vanilla Zero 12 oz., 20 oz. Coca-Cola HS Fresca-Original Citrus 12 oz., 20 oz. Coca-Cola HS Fanta Orange Zero 12 oz., 20 oz. Updated October 25, 2019 Broward County Public Schools Approved Smart Snacks Beverages Coca-Cola HS Coke Zero 12 oz., 20 oz. Coca-Cola HS Diet Coke 12 oz., 20 oz. Coca-Cola HS Glaceau vitaminwater 20 oz. Coca-Cola HS Glaceau smartwater 20 oz. Coca-Cola HS Mello-Yellow Zero 12 oz., 20 oz. Coca-Cola HS Pibb Zero 12 oz., 20 oz. Coca-Cola HS Sprite Zero 12 oz., 20 oz. Coca-Cola HS FRESCA 12 oz. Dasani HS Strawberry Dasani 20 oz. Dasani HS Lemon Dasani 20 oz. Dr. Pepper-Snapple HS A& W Root Beer 10 12 oz.
    [Show full text]
  • U.S. Brands Shopping List
    Breakfast Bars/Granola Bars: Other: Snacks Con’t: Quaker Chewy Granola Bars Aunt Jemima Mixes & Syrups Rold Gold Pretzels Quaker Chewy Granola Cocoa Bars Quaker Oatmeal Pancake Mix Ruffles Potato Chips Quaker Chewy Smashbars Rice Snacks: Sabra hummus, dips and salsas Quaker Dipps Granola Bars Quaker Large Rice Cakes Sabritones Puffed Wheat Snacks Quaker Oatmeal to Go Bars Quaker Mini Delights Santitas Tortilla Chips Quaker Stila Bars Quaker Multigrain Fiber Crisps Smartfood Popcorn Coffee Drinks: Quaker Quakes Smartfood Popcorn Clusters Seattle’s Best Coffee Side Dishes: Spitz Seeds Starbucks DoubleShot Near East Side Dishes Stacy’s Pita and Bagel Chips Starbucks Frappuccino Pasta Roni Side Dishes SunChips Multigrain Snacks Starbucks Iced Coffee Rice‐A‐Roni Side Dishes Tostitos Artisan Recipes Tortilla Chips Energy Drinks: Snacks: Tostitos Multigrain Tortilla Chips U.S. Brands AMP Energy Baked! Cheetos Snacks Tostitos Tortilla Chips No Fear Energy Drinks Baked! Doritos Tortilla Chips Soft Drinks: Shopping List Starbucks Refreshers Baked! Lay’s Potato Crisps Citrus Blast Tea/Lemonade: Baked! Ruffles Potato Chips Diet Pepsi Brisk Baked! Tostitos Tortilla Chips Diet Mountain Dew Lipton Iced Tea Baken‐ets Pork Skins and Cracklins Diet Sierra Mist Lipton PureLeaf Cheetos Cheese Flavored Snacks Manzanita Sol SoBe Tea Chester’s Flavored Fries Mirinda Tazo Tea Chester’s Popcorn Mountain Dew Juice/Juice Drinks: Cracker Jack Candy Coated Popcorn Mug Soft Drinks AMP Energy Juice Doritos
    [Show full text]
  • Need to Adhere to School Vending Regulations? A
    Q: Do any other facilities(besides Mack Pool) need to adhere to school vending regulations? A: No Q: Will any preference be given to proposals that propose adhering to school regulations for the other facilities? A: There is no specific evaluation criteria written in the RFP to provide preference to proposals that include this however this is something that we will take into consideration when reviewing proposals. Q: Is there a deposit or good faith fee required with the RFP? A: No. There is no upfront deposit or costs required for submitting an RFP. Q: What is the full service vending volume for all vending machines? A: We sold a total of 170 cases in 2012 with the following breakdown: Aquafina 37 Mt Dew 30 Mt Dew Dt 0 Pepsi 27 Pepsi Dt 24 Pepsi Max 7 Pepsi Next 2 Pepsi WildCherry 8 Sierra Mist 0 Sierra Mist Natural LL 0 Gatorade Blue Raz 8 Gatorade Fierce Grape 5 Gatorade Fruit Punch 4 Gatorade G2 Fruit Punch 5 Gatorade Glcr Frz 7 Gatorade Lemon Lime 5 Gatorade Orange 3 20oz 24P 35 Q: Please provide a breakdown between cans vs. bottles of soda/ice tea/lemonade sold. A: All unit sales are for bottles of soda/ice tea/lemonade. Q: Is Veterans Memorial Ice Arena open year round? A: No. Veterans Memorial Ice Arena is open from Mid September – Mid May. Q: Is the bag in the box volume numbers accurate? Can you please double check the numbers? A: The volume numbers listed in the RFP are taken from invoices received and paid for the 2012 season.
    [Show full text]
  • Sports Sponsorships of Food and Nonalcoholic Beverages
    Marie A. Bragg, PhD, a, b Alysa N. Miller, MPH, a Christina A. Roberto, PhD, c Rachel Sam, MPH, d SportsVishnudas Sarda, MBBS, Sponsorships MPH, e Jennifer L. Harris, PhD, MBA, f Kelly of D. Brownell, Food PhDg and Nonalcoholic Beverages BACKGROUND: abstract Food and nonalcoholic beverage companies spend millions of dollars on professional sports sponsorships, yet this form of marketing is understudied. These sponsorships are valuable marketing tools but prompt concerns when unhealthy products METHODS: are associated with popular sports organizations, especially those viewed by youth. – This descriptive study used Nielsen audience data to select 10 sports organizations with the most 2 17 year old viewers of 2015 televised events. Sponsors of these organizations were identified and assigned to product categories. We identified advertisements promoting food and/or nonalcoholic beverage sponsorships on television, YouTube, and sports organization Web sites from 2006 to 2016, and the number of YouTube RESULTS: advertisement views. The nutritional quality of advertised products was assessed. Youth watched telecasts associated with thesen sports organizations over 412 million times. These organizations had 44 food and/or nonalcoholicn beverage sponsors (18.8% of sponsors),n second to automotiven sponsors ( = 46). The National Football League had the most food and/or nonalcoholic beverage sponsors ( = 10), followed by the National Hockey League ( = 7) and Little League ( = 7). We identified 273 advertisementsn that featured food and/or nonalcoholic beveragen products 328 times and product logos 83 times (some advertisements showed multiple products). Seventy-six percent ( = 132) of foods had unhealthy nutrition scores, and 52.4% ( = 111) of nonalcoholic beverages were sugar- CONCLUSIONS: sweetened.
    [Show full text]
  • Crackerjack Jack Pdf Free Download
    CRACKERJACK JACK PDF, EPUB, EBOOK Bowman Wilker | 24 pages | 01 May 2018 | Owlkids Books Inc. | 9781771472449 | English | Toronto, ON, Canada Crackerjack Jack PDF Book A treat to be savored—and a lesson learned—any time of year. The fried chicken made with my first recipe is good in a pinch, but it really needs several more ingredients to be a true clone. In , the company acquired Cailler, the first company to mass-produce chocolate bars, and Swiss General, the company credited with inventing milk chocolate. The Cracker Jack Company Borden. That was none other than Cracker Jack they were referring to — and since then, more versions of the song have been recorded. The Olive Garden chain offers a very popular and delicious tiramisu that is produced outside the restaurants and then delivered fresh to each outlet. We were able to catch all our fish and had a great day! Mariani Tropical Pineapple. BoJack "meeting" his late uncle Crackerjack. Jeff explained how Halibut feed and that the larger fish will follow the smaller ones.. We're gonna stop you right there Literally How to use a word that literally drives some pe Is Singular 'They' a Better Choice? He is also shown to be honest to a fault, as he admits that he, in fact, performed very poorly in the military. This recipe is for just one artichoke, but feel free to add another if more than a couple hungry mouths are waiting. Do This. This recipe makes 2 huge portions, like those served in the restaurant. Heather Taylor - June 18, Thomas Hatch.
    [Show full text]