Study of Human Interaction with Natural Environment
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Freelance Research | Sailesh Sigdel STUDY OF HUMAN INTERACTION WITH NATURAL ENVIRONMENT OBJECTIVES: To be aware of human activities on environment To be able to think of strategies for reducing impact To be able to find out the problems and their solutions created by human interaction with natural environment INTRODUCTION This is our common world and we all share a common ground to survive in. During this, each and every human has a close interaction with the ecosystem. This is because our life depends wholly on nature. Human interaction with natural environment can be defined as interaction between the human social system and rest of ecosystem. Human impact synonymously known as anthropogenic impact refers to the impact either positive or negative that occurs in natural environment. This aspect includes biotic as well as abiotic, which have vital presence in surrounding. Human Environment Interaction do have a direct influence in environment by means of pollution which creates a negative impact. Pollution ultimately, increases the concentration of co2, which is the main cause of increase in temperature. Increase in pollution do means global warming. Global warming is a projected to have significant impacts on conditions affecting agriculture, including temperature, precipitation and glacial run-off. These conditions determine the carrying capacity of the biosphere to produce enough food for the human population and domesticated animals. Rising carbon dioxide levels would also have effects, both detrimental and beneficial, on crop yields. The overall effect of climate change on agriculture will depend on the balance of these effects. Assessment of the effects of global climate changes on agriculture might help to properly anticipate and adapt farming to maximize agricultural production. At the same time, agriculture has been shown to produce significant effects on climate change, primarily through the production and release of greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide, but also by altering the Earth's land cover, which can change its ability to absorb or reflect heat and light, thus contributing to radioactive forcing. Land use change such as with use of fossil fuels, are the major anthropogenic sources of carbon dioxide; agriculture itself is the major contributor to increasing methane and nitrous oxide concentrations in earth's atmosphere. Human Environment Pollution Freelance Research | Sailesh Sigdel Gaidakot (or Gaindakot; Nepali: गℂडाकोट) is a municipality in Nawalparasi District in the Lumbini Zone of southern Nepal. It became a municipality in May 2014 by merging the existing Mukundapur, Amarapuri, Gaidakot, Nawalparasi, VDCs. It is situated on the shore of Narayani River in the lap of Maula Kalika temple. At the time of the 2011 Nepal census, it had a population of 83416 and 8022 individual household . METHODOLOGY Site Selection: Country: Nepal Development Region: Western Zone: Lumbini District: Nawalparasi Location: Gaindakot Ward No: 2 * Source: Wikipedia Map of Gaindakot Municipality, Nawalparasi *Source: Google Maps Freelance Research | Sailesh Sigdel METHODS OF DATA COLLECTION: Primary source: Primary source of information of this survey was municipality office from where all the reliable data was collected from. Secondary source: Since the primary data was not worthy enough for the required results, web based search were made in order to collect more reliable data. Site of National Statistics Bureau was worth searching. Data Collection District Total Area: 2162 sq.km Population Density: 298 District Total Household Population Male Female Nawalparasi 128793 643508 303675 339833 Municipality Municipality Total Household Population Male Female Gaindakot 8022 83416 16257 17159 Religion Population Hindu Buddhist Islam Christian 643508 567480 38615 24190 11800 Population Absent: 21344 Household Ownership Household Owned Rented 128760 117806 9358 *Source: CBS 2011 Discussion Economic Status This area is highly populated by the people migrated from all parts of Nepal. Due to highly fertile land and well access to the all the facilities this region was favoured most. Mainly Brahmins from high hill migrated to this area a time ago but now all ethnic groups can be seen. The main occupation of the people here is agriculture and in that sense the people hera are in close conact to the environment. They have definite cultural and social aspects different from other groups of people. Each family has a definite type of trade and aspects for economic sources. Some people are involved in firewood collection from environment and some are directly or indirectly involved in interaction with environment. Tourism Being in touch to Chitwan National Park in south and surrounded by the dense forest to the North, this area is considered well from economic point of view. Maulakalika Temple is highly Freelance Research | Sailesh Sigdel important for the hindu worshippers. Narayani River has always been the source to income to the local people here. Environmental Benfits The peoples of this locality take advantages of the environment directly or indirectly. Such as the animals they rear are grazed in nearby forest land, the firewood they use for cooking they bring it from forest, they use water for irrigation from nearby Narayani etc. The environment helps them in all aspect from grazing to feeding human so, the environment have huge amount of benefits for the local people. Negative Aspects of Human Interaction with Environment Human, obviously is responsible for the negative impacts on the society. In this area also human interaction has become a big question for the environment degradation. Following are the impacts that are caused due to human interaction with environment. Narayani River, major source of income has become polluted due to unmanaged urbanization The land is being degraded due to heavy use of fertilizers and pesticides in non - recommended amount. The forest land is decreasing day by day due to deforestation. The environmental pollution is increasing day by day, so the effects are seen in land, climate, crops,animals and ultimately on humans. Summary and Conclusion Human interaction with environment has always been important in all sense to us. But in recent decades, some negative aspects of interaction has seen to be appeared. And this is mainly due to the unmanaged town system, poor drainage, use to chemicals and pesticides, deforestation, etc. The only way forward in the fight against urbanization is a collective effort from all of us. So, the people from the particular area must be aware for the solution of this issue. .