Indiana University Media Digitization and Preservation Initiative (MDPI)
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The Kid3 Handbook
The Kid3 Handbook Software development: Urs Fleisch The Kid3 Handbook 2 Contents 1 Introduction 11 2 Using Kid3 12 2.1 Kid3 features . 12 2.2 Example Usage . 12 3 Command Reference 14 3.1 The GUI Elements . 14 3.1.1 File List . 14 3.1.2 Edit Playlist . 15 3.1.3 Folder List . 15 3.1.4 File . 16 3.1.5 Tag 1 . 17 3.1.6 Tag 2 . 18 3.1.7 Tag 3 . 18 3.1.8 Frame List . 18 3.1.9 Synchronized Lyrics and Event Timing Codes . 21 3.2 The File Menu . 22 3.3 The Edit Menu . 28 3.4 The Tools Menu . 29 3.5 The Settings Menu . 32 3.6 The Help Menu . 37 4 kid3-cli 38 4.1 Commands . 38 4.1.1 Help . 38 4.1.2 Timeout . 38 4.1.3 Quit application . 38 4.1.4 Change folder . 38 4.1.5 Print the filename of the current folder . 39 4.1.6 Folder list . 39 4.1.7 Save the changed files . 39 4.1.8 Select file . 39 4.1.9 Select tag . 40 The Kid3 Handbook 4.1.10 Get tag frame . 40 4.1.11 Set tag frame . 40 4.1.12 Revert . 41 4.1.13 Import from file . 41 4.1.14 Automatic import . 41 4.1.15 Download album cover artwork . 42 4.1.16 Export to file . 42 4.1.17 Create playlist . 42 4.1.18 Apply filename format . 42 4.1.19 Apply tag format . -
On Audio-Visual File Formats
On Audio-Visual File Formats Summary • digital audio and digital video • container, codec, raw data • different formats for different purposes Reto Kromer • AV Preservation by reto.ch • audio-visual data transformations Film Preservation and Restoration Hyderabad, India 8–15 December 2019 1 2 Digital Audio • sampling Digital Audio • quantisation 3 4 Sampling • 44.1 kHz • 48 kHz • 96 kHz • 192 kHz digitisation = sampling + quantisation 5 6 Quantisation • 16 bit (216 = 65 536) • 24 bit (224 = 16 777 216) • 32 bit (232 = 4 294 967 296) Digital Video 7 8 Digital Video Resolution • resolution • SD 480i / SD 576i • bit depth • HD 720p / HD 1080i • linear, power, logarithmic • 2K / HD 1080p • colour model • 4K / UHD-1 • chroma subsampling • 8K / UHD-2 • illuminant 9 10 Bit Depth Linear, Power, Logarithmic • 8 bit (28 = 256) «medium grey» • 10 bit (210 = 1 024) • linear: 18% • 12 bit (212 = 4 096) • power: 50% • 16 bit (216 = 65 536) • logarithmic: 50% • 24 bit (224 = 16 777 216) 11 12 Colour Model • XYZ, L*a*b* • RGB / R′G′B′ / CMY / C′M′Y′ • Y′IQ / Y′UV / Y′DBDR • Y′CBCR / Y′COCG • Y′PBPR 13 14 15 16 17 18 RGB24 00000000 11111111 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 11111111 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 11111111 00000000 11111111 11111111 11111111 11111111 00000000 11111111 11111111 11111111 11111111 00000000 11111111 19 20 Compression Uncompressed • uncompressed + data simpler to process • lossless compression + software runs faster • lossy compression – bigger files • chroma subsampling – slower writing, transmission and reading • born -
Screen Capture Tools to Record Online Tutorials This Document Is Made to Explain How to Use Ffmpeg and Quicktime to Record Mini Tutorials on Your Own Computer
Screen capture tools to record online tutorials This document is made to explain how to use ffmpeg and QuickTime to record mini tutorials on your own computer. FFmpeg is a cross-platform tool available for Windows, Linux and Mac. Installation and use process depends on your operating system. This info is taken from (Bellard 2016). Quicktime Player is natively installed on most of Mac computers. This tutorial focuses on Linux and Mac. Table of content 1. Introduction.......................................................................................................................................1 2. Linux.................................................................................................................................................1 2.1. FFmpeg......................................................................................................................................1 2.1.1. installation for Linux..........................................................................................................1 2.1.1.1. Add necessary components........................................................................................1 2.1.2. Screen recording with FFmpeg..........................................................................................2 2.1.2.1. List devices to know which one to record..................................................................2 2.1.2.2. Record screen and audio from your computer...........................................................3 2.2. Kazam........................................................................................................................................4 -
© 2019 Jimi Jones
© 2019 Jimi Jones SO MANY STANDARDS, SO LITTLE TIME: A HISTORY AND ANALYSIS OF FOUR DIGITAL VIDEO STANDARDS BY JIMI JONES DISSERTATION Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Library and Information Science in the Graduate College of the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 2019 Urbana, Illinois Doctoral Committee: Associate Professor Jerome McDonough, Chair Associate Professor Lori Kendall Assistant Professor Peter Darch Professor Howard Besser, New York University ABSTRACT This dissertation focuses on standards for digital video - the social aspects of their design and the sociotechnical forces that drive their development and adoption. This work is a history and analysis of how the MXF, JPEG 2000, FFV1 and Matroska standards have been adopted and/or adapted by libraries and archives of different sizes. Well-funded institutions often have the resources to develop tailor-made specifications for the digitization of their analog video objects. Digital video standards and specifications of this kind are often derived from the needs of the cinema production and television broadcast realms in the United States and may be unsuitable for smaller memory institutions that are resource-poor and/or lack staff with the knowledge to implement these technologies. This research seeks to provide insight into how moving image preservation professionals work with - and sometimes against - broadcast and film production industries in order to produce and/or implement standards governing video formats and encodings. This dissertation describes the transition of four digital video standards from niches to widespread use in libraries and archives. It also examines the effects these standards produce on cultural heritage video preservation by interviewing people who implement the standards as well as people who develop them. -
Opus, a Free, High-Quality Speech and Audio Codec
Opus, a free, high-quality speech and audio codec Jean-Marc Valin, Koen Vos, Timothy B. Terriberry, Gregory Maxwell 29 January 2014 Xiph.Org & Mozilla What is Opus? ● New highly-flexible speech and audio codec – Works for most audio applications ● Completely free – Royalty-free licensing – Open-source implementation ● IETF RFC 6716 (Sep. 2012) Xiph.Org & Mozilla Why a New Audio Codec? http://xkcd.com/927/ http://imgs.xkcd.com/comics/standards.png Xiph.Org & Mozilla Why Should You Care? ● Best-in-class performance within a wide range of bitrates and applications ● Adaptability to varying network conditions ● Will be deployed as part of WebRTC ● No licensing costs ● No incompatible flavours Xiph.Org & Mozilla History ● Jan. 2007: SILK project started at Skype ● Nov. 2007: CELT project started ● Mar. 2009: Skype asks IETF to create a WG ● Feb. 2010: WG created ● Jul. 2010: First prototype of SILK+CELT codec ● Dec 2011: Opus surpasses Vorbis and AAC ● Sep. 2012: Opus becomes RFC 6716 ● Dec. 2013: Version 1.1 of libopus released Xiph.Org & Mozilla Applications and Standards (2010) Application Codec VoIP with PSTN AMR-NB Wideband VoIP/videoconference AMR-WB High-quality videoconference G.719 Low-bitrate music streaming HE-AAC High-quality music streaming AAC-LC Low-delay broadcast AAC-ELD Network music performance Xiph.Org & Mozilla Applications and Standards (2013) Application Codec VoIP with PSTN Opus Wideband VoIP/videoconference Opus High-quality videoconference Opus Low-bitrate music streaming Opus High-quality music streaming Opus Low-delay -
FFV1, Matroska, LPCM (And More)
MediaConch Implementation and policy checking on FFV1, Matroska, LPCM (and more) Jérôme Martinez, MediaArea Innovation Workshop ‑ March 2017 What is MediaConch? MediaConch is a conformance checker Implementation checker Policy checker Reporter Fixer What is MediaConch? Implementation and Policy reporter What is MediaConch? Implementation report: Policy report: What is MediaConch? General information about your files What is MediaConch? Inspect your files What is MediaConch? Policy editor What is MediaConch? Public policies What is MediaConch? Fixer Segment sizes in Matroska Matroska “bit flip” correction FFV1 “bit flip” correction Integration Archivematica is an integrated suite of open‑source software tools that allows users to process digital objects from ingest to access in compliance with the ISO‑OAIS functional model MediaConch interfaces Graphical interface Web interface Command line Server (REST API) (Work in progress) a library (.dll/.so/.dylib) MediaConch output formats XML (native format) Text HTML (Work in progress) PDF Tweakable! (with XSL) Open source GPLv3+ and MPLv2+ Relies on MediaInfo (metadata extraction tool) Use well‑known open source libraries: Qt, sqlite, libevent, libxml2, libxslt, libexslt... Supported formats Priorities for the implementation checker Matroska FFV1 PCM Can accept any format supported by MediaInfo for the policy checker MXF + JP2k QuickTime/MOV Audio files (WAV, BWF, AIFF...) ... Supported formats Can be expanded By plugins Support of PDF checker: VeraPDF plugin Support of TIFF checker: DPF Manager plugin You use another checker? Let us know By internal development More tests on your preferred format is possible It depends on you! Versatile Several input formats are accepted FFV1 from MOV or AVI Matroska with other video formats (Work in progress) Extraction of a PDF or TIFF aachement from a Matroska container and analyze with a plugin (e.g. -
EMA Mezzanine File Creation Specification and Best Practices Version 1.0.1 For
16530 Ventura Blvd., Suite 400 Encino, CA 91436 818.385.1500 www.entmerch.org EMA Mezzanine File Creation Specification and Best Practices Version 1.0.1 for Digital Audio‐Visual Distribution January 7, 2014 EMA MEZZANINE FILE CREATION SPECIFICATION AND BEST PRACTICES The Mezzanine File Working Group of EMA’s Digital Supply Chain Committee developed the attached recommended Mezzanine File Specification and Best Practices. Why is the Specification and Best Practices document needed? At the request of their customers, content providers and post‐house have been creating mezzanine files unique to each of their retail partners. This causes unnecessary costs in the supply chain and constrains the flow of new content. There is a demand to make more content available for digital distribution more quickly. Sales are lost if content isn’t available to be merchandised. Today’s ecosystem is too manual. Standardization will facilitate automation, reducing costs and increasing speed. Quality control issues slow down today’s processes. Creating one standard mezzanine file instead of many files for the same content should reduce the quantity of errors. And, when an error does occur and is caught by a single customer, it can be corrected for all retailers/distributors. Mezzanine File Working Group Participants in the Mezzanine File Working Group were: Amazon – Ben Waggoner, Ryan Wernet Dish – Timothy Loveridge Google – Bill Kotzman, Doug Stallard Microsoft – Andy Rosen Netflix – Steven Kang , Nick Levin, Chris Fetner Redbox Instant – Joe Ambeault Rovi -
Nvidia Video Technologies
NVIDIA VIDEO TECHNOLOGIES Abhijit Patait, 5/8/2017 NVIDIA Video Technologies New SDK Release Major Focus Areas AGENDA Video SDK Features Software Flow FFmpeg Performance and Benchmarking Tips Benchmarks 2 NVIDIA VIDEO TECHNOLOGIES 3 VIDEO CODEC SDK A comprehensive set of APIs for GPU- accelerated Video Encode and Decode The SDK consists of two hardware acceleration interfaces: NVENCODE API for video encode acceleration NVIDIA Video Codec SDK technology is used to stream video with NVIDIA ShadowPlay running on NVIDIA GPUs NVDECODE API for video decode acceleration (formerly called NVCUVID API) Independent of CUDA/3D cores on GPU 4 NVIDIA VIDEO TECHNOLOGIES FFMPEG & LIBAV Easy access to NVIDIA GPU hardware acceleration VIDEO CODEC SDK A comprehensive set of APIs for GPU-accelerated Video Encode and Decode for Windows and Linux SOFTWARE CUDA, DirectX, OpenGL interoperability NVIDIA DRIVER NVENC NVDEC Independent Hardware Encoder Function Independent Hardware Decoder Function HARDWARE 5 NVIDIA VIDEO TECHNOLOGIES Decode HW* Encode HW* Formats: CPU • MPEG-2 Formats: • VC1 • H.264 • VP8 • H.265 • VP9 • Lossless • H.264 • H.265 Bit depth: • Lossless • 8 bit NVDEC Buffer NVENC • 10 bit Bit depth: • 8 bit Color** • 10 bit • YUV 4:4:4 • YUV 4:2:0 Color** • YUV 4:2:0 CUDA Cores Resolution • Up to 8K*** Resolution • Up to 8K*** * See support diagram for previous NVIDIA HW generations ** 4:2:2 is not natively supported on HW 6 *** Support is codec dependent VIDEO SDK EVOLUTION Video SDK 8.0 SDK 7.x Pascal 10-bit encode SDK 5.0 FFmpeg Maxwell 2 ME-only for VR HEVC Quality++ Perf++ SDK 6.0 SDK 4.0 ARGB Maxwell 1 SDK 8.0 Quality+ 10-bit transcode H.264 Dec+Enc 4:4:4, lossless 10/12-bit decode ME-only OpenGL Dec. -
Recommended File Formats for Long-Term Archiving and for Web Dissemination in Phaidra
Recommended file formats for long-term archiving and for web dissemination in Phaidra Edited by Gianluca Drago May 2019 License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ Premise This document is intended to provide an overview of the file formats to be used depending on two possible destinations of the digital document: long-term archiving uploading to Phaidra and subsequent web dissemination When the document uploaded to Phaidra is also the only saved file, the two destinations end up coinciding, but in general one will probably want to produce two different files, in two different formats, so as to meet the differences in requirements and use in the final destinations. In the following tables, the recommendations for long-term archiving are distinct from those for dissemination in Phaidra. There are no absolute criteria for choosing the file format. The choice is always dependent on different evaluations that the person who is carrying out the archiving will have to make on a case by case basis and will often result in a compromise between the best achievable quality and the limits imposed by the costs of production, processing and storage of files, as well as, for the preceding, by the opportunity of a conversion to a new format. 1 This choice is particularly significant from the perspective of long-term archiving, for which a quality that respects the authenticity and integrity of the original document and a format that guarantees long-term access to data are desirable. This document should be seen more as an aid to the reasoned choice of the person carrying out the archiving than as a list of guidelines to be followed to the letter. -
FFV1 Video Codec Specification
FFV1 Video Codec Specification by Michael Niedermayer [email protected] Contents 1 Introduction 2 2 Terms and Definitions 2 2.1 Terms ................................................. 2 2.2 Definitions ............................................... 2 3 Conventions 3 3.1 Arithmetic operators ......................................... 3 3.2 Assignment operators ........................................ 3 3.3 Comparison operators ........................................ 3 3.4 Order of operation precedence .................................... 4 3.5 Range ................................................. 4 3.6 Bitstream functions .......................................... 4 4 General Description 5 4.1 Border ................................................. 5 4.2 Median predictor ........................................... 5 4.3 Context ................................................ 5 4.4 Quantization ............................................. 5 4.5 Colorspace ............................................... 6 4.5.1 JPEG2000-RCT ....................................... 6 4.6 Coding of the sample difference ................................... 6 4.6.1 Range coding mode ..................................... 6 4.6.2 Huffman coding mode .................................... 9 5 Bitstream 10 5.1 Configuration Record ......................................... 10 5.1.1 In AVI File Format ...................................... 11 5.1.2 In ISO/IEC 14496-12 (MP4 File Format) ......................... 11 5.1.3 In NUT File Format .................................... -
Pragmatic Audiovisual Preservation
http://doi.org/10.7207/twr20-10 Pragmatic Audiovisual Preservation Ashley Blewer DPC Technology Watch Report October 2020 © Digital Preservation Coalition 2020 and Ashley Blewer 2020 ISSN: 2048-7916 DOI: http://doi.org/10.7207/twr20-10 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, without prior permission in writing from the publisher. The moral rights of the author have been asserted. First published in Great Britain in 2020 by the Digital Preservation Coalition. Pragmatic Audiovisual Preservation Foreword The Digital Preservation Coalition (DPC) is an advocate and catalyst for digital preservation, ensuring our members can deliver resilient long-term access to digital content and services. It is a not-for- profit membership organization whose primary objective is to raise awareness of the importance of the preservation of digital material and the attendant strategic, cultural and technological issues. It supports its members through knowledge exchange, capacity building, assurance, advocacy and partnership. The DPC’s vision is to make our digital memory accessible tomorrow. The DPC Technology Watch Reports identify, delineate, monitor and address topics that have a major bearing on ensuring our collected digital memory will be for the future. They provide an advanced introduction in order to support those charged with ensuring a robust digital memory, and they are of general interest to a wide and international audience with interests in computing, information management, collections management and technology. The reports are commissioned after consultation among DPC members about shared priorities and challenges; they are commissioned from experts; and they are thoroughly scrutinized by peers before being released. -
Ffmpeg Codecs Documentation Table of Contents
FFmpeg Codecs Documentation Table of Contents 1 Description 2 Codec Options 3 Decoders 4 Video Decoders 4.1 hevc 4.2 rawvideo 4.2.1 Options 5 Audio Decoders 5.1 ac3 5.1.1 AC-3 Decoder Options 5.2 flac 5.2.1 FLAC Decoder options 5.3 ffwavesynth 5.4 libcelt 5.5 libgsm 5.6 libilbc 5.6.1 Options 5.7 libopencore-amrnb 5.8 libopencore-amrwb 5.9 libopus 6 Subtitles Decoders 6.1 dvbsub 6.1.1 Options 6.2 dvdsub 6.2.1 Options 6.3 libzvbi-teletext 6.3.1 Options 7 Encoders 8 Audio Encoders 8.1 aac 8.1.1 Options 8.2 ac3 and ac3_fixed 8.2.1 AC-3 Metadata 8.2.1.1 Metadata Control Options 8.2.1.2 Downmix Levels 8.2.1.3 Audio Production Information 8.2.1.4 Other Metadata Options 8.2.2 Extended Bitstream Information 8.2.2.1 Extended Bitstream Information - Part 1 8.2.2.2 Extended Bitstream Information - Part 2 8.2.3 Other AC-3 Encoding Options 8.2.4 Floating-Point-Only AC-3 Encoding Options 8.3 flac 8.3.1 Options 8.4 opus 8.4.1 Options 8.5 libfdk_aac 8.5.1 Options 8.5.2 Examples 8.6 libmp3lame 8.6.1 Options 8.7 libopencore-amrnb 8.7.1 Options 8.8 libopus 8.8.1 Option Mapping 8.9 libshine 8.9.1 Options 8.10 libtwolame 8.10.1 Options 8.11 libvo-amrwbenc 8.11.1 Options 8.12 libvorbis 8.12.1 Options 8.13 libwavpack 8.13.1 Options 8.14 mjpeg 8.14.1 Options 8.15 wavpack 8.15.1 Options 8.15.1.1 Shared options 8.15.1.2 Private options 9 Video Encoders 9.1 Hap 9.1.1 Options 9.2 jpeg2000 9.2.1 Options 9.3 libkvazaar 9.3.1 Options 9.4 libopenh264 9.4.1 Options 9.5 libtheora 9.5.1 Options 9.5.2 Examples 9.6 libvpx 9.6.1 Options 9.7 libwebp 9.7.1 Pixel Format 9.7.2 Options 9.8 libx264, libx264rgb 9.8.1 Supported Pixel Formats 9.8.2 Options 9.9 libx265 9.9.1 Options 9.10 libxvid 9.10.1 Options 9.11 mpeg2 9.11.1 Options 9.12 png 9.12.1 Private options 9.13 ProRes 9.13.1 Private Options for prores-ks 9.13.2 Speed considerations 9.14 QSV encoders 9.15 snow 9.15.1 Options 9.16 vc2 9.16.1 Options 10 Subtitles Encoders 10.1 dvdsub 10.1.1 Options 11 See Also 12 Authors 1 Description# TOC This document describes the codecs (decoders and encoders) provided by the libavcodec library.