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In the Aleutian Islands National Wildlife Refuge

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In the Aleutian Islands National Wildlife Refuge r ---------- ~ 'iL»W ~~~ A .).1'\'·::..ll.o~ll ~~0 l\l.aska Resources Library & Information Services Anchorage PJaska ·''.-_, .·. ·. ~- ~-.... , ...... --· ... - ........ - ......... ,_ 'J'' ........ ....... I . ' ·-.· .• ~0 • • •• ' • ; 1 . ·.' ,. ·, ·;··. ..·. ·,' .!'•' · .,· An Analysis of the Testimony on the· ','; Unimak Island Wilderness Proposal ,, . ', Al~utian Islands '' National Wildlife Refuge I''' '{ Prepared by Grumman Ecosystems Corporation· 604 K Street Anchorage,.Alaska 99501 For u. S. Bureau of Sport Fisheries and Wi1dli:fe Area Di~ectors·Of:fice Anchorage, Aiaska /. 31. January 1971 . i . .'", : ' . ' d. ,· : ,:. ~. '• ,,• . ' f ;_· ~~-~.'!!. l ,; ,_i . •: .; • •.,' '. ' ~- . i -· • ..... '' :". i _-,.... ; :. !·· I·, ·.·' 'F· ::·:.' .I:. ., . ; ~ .:, ; .~ [,' ~.-.·· .... _., .. ' . ' ,, ,· •' ~ ',·' .. i J. :'' ·,J I ' ,,• .· .. ,· .,:· ~t· ' j ~ • .. · '•' ;[: 1':" . :i "· :{ /• I' i•' ''I I; .tt. ,. : .' ',Y' ::,. :.'.'·.·-··::" •, :,,.,:' .. ;·._:· .. ·, ...... :, ; ' r: .. :.!' ,,. ' . • ' •,' !" :. .'· ' j : ~ Outline ',! [. I', . :· .. I. Introduction 'i I '•' ••,, ; 'J .'i ;':'!' :· , II. The Original Data III.. Processed Data for Analysis ; .. ' ·, .... IV• Analysis . ,.,, ' :· . I 1.· ·:···. ·A. Geographic Source of Testimonies ' ~ ' ,'' ' B •. Testimonies by Groups ·: :,· ·.··· 1. Communications from Elected Officials ':'.:I'\ 2~ Communications from State and Local Departments ,I ··t j ,1 a:nd Agencies I:! 3. Communications from Federal Departments and Agencies 4. Communications £rom Organizations ·A: 5. Communications from Individuals . ~ I r•l · .'t' ., • I , . c . Positions (Alternatives) Suggested ., ~ . I D.. Numbers Expressing Various Opinions 1. Oral 2. Writte•n J '.•' 3. Total Testimonies .i :·. 4. By Geographic Area ,. 5 ·. Credit £or Signatures •,' :. 'f , I ' , , • E •. Siuumary :,r'' :,':; ,• i :r i · ·: : ~ .. · Appendix A. Summary of Letters and Testimonies (on file with Bureau •!; ' '' ,·,1 of Sport Fisheries II and Wildlife.) ·' ' ,· ·:'! [ :' I • .. ! '··1 'I; I I' /;·:•·:,:. :.'., ::::•-: 1> I :~: ''' ';. •' : i , ... I I~ '~ : ···. ' ··,~ ' , . ' I • . :·., ':' ,(, •.'- 'f • t- ".''( .. '· . ! ;~ ·, . .: --~ ·' ,· ,.1, ,·,_--,f.' :.·;:. ;.·. ,. .:..~--- '·-, ff •; ' J'l: -·;·· 'i :-. '• :·-,:·:;' j." ~- . .... '· ' . ,· __ ·. i.. -:- )': i•h ·., . ; ./' ; ··.' '•: ·'' ·.:-... : • \• .- ~ r ' .·, ___ . ·,: •'' ,· '-· ·,. ': ·, ·:·,. .',i' '.;I,:' .·.Introduction .-_i· Unimak Island was established as part of the Aleutian Islands National Wildlife Range by Executive Order in 1913 by President Taft. ·.,-, .· In order to conform to the ·\ll:ilderness Act of 1964, a study was ·,. conducted by the Bureau of Sport Fisheries and Wildlife personnel to ascertain which of Unimak Island acres qualify for possible inclu~~on· into the National Wilclfaf.pess System. :' .·.·.,: ·A summary report of the proposal ·was widely distributed in . .. ·· _.,_•:-: .·; advance of the public hearing and the detailed back-up studies were '; also available for scrutiny by the public before and during the ··.hearings. The public hearing· was· held. on ·December 14 in Cold 'say and continued_:· Decembe:t: 17 in Anchorage, Alaska. The testimony of 'each perspn or organization that wished to testify was recorded by ·a court reporter. In addition the Bureau accepted written testimony · '' ' for 30 day,s. following the close of the hearings. '· · I' .·:t}l.,)i.·:~.;\/·:i'·' . Shortly_ after the hearings the Bureau contracted for Grumman ;, ,;~:!'>1::~.:\:f:'' (:;·\-,.Ecosystems Corpor~ t~oq ~0. p~ovide an Analysis· of all the testimonies, '}::.;::![,:::j><:::;;:.·:; and a:n input. (cove:d.. ng the An_alysis fl.ndings) for the Synopsis of :~:~::~::~;:_r·:.:r'-:.;\:·:·;· ..: the Wilderness Record of_ the ·Unimak ·-Proposal. :.·::: :···:- ::-;;·::; :1 1 The present ·report covers the Analysis performed and directed t:;y;•li·.:<,:::,:\i. ·.by Howard A. Schuck, Ma~ager of Alaskan Programs for Grumman Ecosystems f·\::;::;:::·:Y:·::-· .··:Corporation in Anchorage.·· · . · -·-.,_.:_,, '; 'I.' ··i : . .. : . '.···;,o ....' ·. :.· ' '' .. ::, . !·.·.'·/. \ ~- ,. ... , .; ··-.. -.... ': .· ·.. :·.:, ',.· I·'. •,' ',,• ·.-:·; '-;'.' !-_:· ·'··. ... ··'': ··') ! '> ' ..... ·' ', ,· L ~j/ ,I' '' . -., J l,',;:!jt,l Jtt::~.1>·! :' ·:, ,., . '-·'·' ·' ' <i ';, ~ -: .. h:t~'!"'· I llll\l) '' '1 ,' ' .'· ' I .. ':.·: I ,,.1·..,·; ··.:.· ftt0:j t! J ,,•q: I ~~ • , J -· '\, : ' '; ~ '. f.''·>:(·' · ·I 1 :· ·,. -._ .. · ': .r_ .·--. 'i,(· if:f:i~:::(::r~::: :;: :: .. ; . · ' ' . ; . ! j:(c{:;•\lJi: 'l;:lf :~j'l: ~· ,- l;:f·t~r~:~f~~i'',~.l~-.~.: ·.. · . ·, ·'.'_:, . ,' [!/~ i'l:j·:;··y f•\,: . -·., .-r.· , ... -. : ·,: I. !,lii;J !'', ; .. _. \tJ;,:!i\ ,··);·I '-~I -.'': • . ,'1 i·/'' l• I • ·;:, . '•'' .,._· . ~ ,.. ·, • 'd . .-·,: ~ . ;· :\ .. ' ~ ~ .. ' ; ' .' ~'~}iiti' ', ·. -~ . i ,". : •.·· ')-,1 ·-1-. :··,· ·•' :· (.' . .. !''. r:::__ ::_:··.: .. :·.•.:_C,:.,-. ,:).:,.:.. ·.. ·, . ;, '~ . , I, ... • . : t, -.: ~ ' ' . " ~ .. ~' II. The Original Data Two types of testimonies constituted the raw data: oral and written. Oral testimonies were presented at the Public Hearing at Cold Bay on December 14 or at Anchorage on December 17, 1971 and were reproduced in the official transcript by Pat_ Kling Court Reporting~ 1016 West Sixth Avenue, Anchorage, Alaska. This ·type of testimony is referred to as oral (or hearing) testimony. Written testimonies were received before the hearings and for 30 days thereafter. The 283 testimonies {14 oral and 269 written) received by the erid of January 24 is the body of original data to be analyzed. -2- I III. Processed Data for Analysis Our first activity was to read all testimonies. om this perusal we ascertained the type of information that was available most of the time. P~ong the information generally available was: the test:ifierqs name; the location from which he wrote; whether he represented himself, a government departr:1ent, a private organization; and what his opinion was regarding the oposal . .We then designed and printed a format for recording, for each of the testimonies, the following data: o A given serial number of testimony o Name of testi£ier o Source o£ testimony o Representing {self~ club or company, etc.) o Number of persons represented o Opinion: a. For the Proposal b. For the Proposal (and with more restrictions or acreage) c. For the Proposal (but with less restrictions) d. Against the Proposal e. ·Uncommitted o Reasons ror opinion The next step was to record on our format the above types of data (when available} for each testimony. The lengthy table that resulted (Appendix A} although not reproduced here~ can be referred to at offices of the Bureau of Sport Fisheries and Wildlife, Anchorage, Alaska. The next step was to eliminate duplicate testimonies. Duplicates were first located by utilizing the serial numbers keyed to the names of the person, aQd alphabetically sorting by name. In consultation with the Bureau it was decided not to count a duplicate testimony (but to incorporate any new information given). In other words if a person testified at the hearing and also wrote a le"'cter, only the coral testimony would be counted. a person wrote two or more letters, only one would be counted. However, a person could represent an organization or agency once, and then testify once I representing himself. -3- I Applying these ground rules to the records, we deleted only one testimony because it duplicated an earlier transmission. We also deleted four testimonies because they were seemingly not relevant, as follows: 1 merely requested information on the Proposal 2 merely stated that an ora.l testimony would be presented later 1 was in error, the writer apparently assuming that the Proposal was for only 34,000 acres (the amount to be excluded from Wilderness). The five testimonies deleted reduced the countable testimonies to ~ ( 14 oral and 264 written) testimonies. There is no legal differentiation made in this analysis between oral and written testimonies. I -4- I IV. Analysis of the Data A. Geographic Source of Testimonies As can be seen from Table 1, testimonies were received from 37 or the 50 states (and also from Washington D. C. and from Canada). Of the 14 ~ testifiers all but one were from Alaska .. Of the 264 written testimonies 9 69 originated from Alaskan locations 1 28 .from New York, '26 from California, 16 :from Colorados 10 from Washington, and 14 from Wisconsin. It is interesting that of. the 13 states that did !3.2.1 produce a testimony~· four are in New England (Maine, New Hampshire, Vermont 1 Rhode Island) .six in an Appalachian/ Southern complex (Kentucky) West Virginia, South Carolina, Georgia, Mississippi, Louisiana) and three in a Midwest complex (Oklahoma~ Kansas, South Dakota). I -5-· I Table .1. Geoq:r,aphic Source of Tes timor.:ies I Total Number o£ Origin I Oral Letters Te sti:monies Alabama l 1 Alaska 13 69 82 Arizona 6 6 , Arkansas .l.. 1 California 26 26 Colorado 16 16 Connecticut 1 1 Delaware 1 l Florida 6 6 Hawaii 1 1 Idaho 1 1 Illinois 6 6 Indiana 1 l Iowa 1 1 Maryland 6 6 Massachusetts 5 5 Michigan 4 ~, Missouri 3 3 ·Minnesota 3 3 Montana 2 2 Nebraska 2 2 Nevada 2 2 New Jersey 5 5 New Mexico 6 6 New York 28 28 North Carolina 3 3 North Dakota 5 ,5 Ohio l 1 Oregon 4 4 Pennsylvania 2 2 Tennessee 1 1 Texas 2 2 Utah 1 1 Virginia 3 3 l Washington 16 16 Washington b. c. 1 5 6 Wisconsin 14 14 I I Wyoming 3 3 Canada 1 1 J Totals 14 264 278 r I -"'- B. Testimonies by Groups 1. Communications :from Elected Officials Mr. Robert W. Pavitt. Director of the
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