Alcadi-Zbornik 2018.Pdf

Proceedings of the International symposium on hystory of speleology and karstology in Alps, Carpathians, and Dinarides ALCADI 2018 Issued by: Center for karst and speleology, Sarajevo Represented by: Mirnes Hasanspahić Editor: Jasminko Mulaomerović Design and typesetting: Narcis Pozderac Printed by: TDP, Sarajevo The drawings on the cover: Speleothems from Vjetrenice cave (Vavrović, 1893) CIP - Katalogizacija u publikaciji Nacionalna i univerzitetska biblioteka Bosne i Hercegovine, Sarajevo 551.435.8(497)(063)(082) INTERNATIONAL Symposium on Hystory of Speleology and karstology in Alps, Carpathians and Dinarides (2018 ; Livno) Proceedings of the International Symposium on Hystory of Speleology and Karstology in Alps, Carpathians and Dinarides, ALCADI 2018 / [editor Jasminko Mulaomerović]. - Sarajevo : Center for Karst and Speleology, 2019. - 95 str. : ilustr. ; 21 cm Bibliografija uz svaki rad ; bibliografske i druge bilješke uz tekst. ISBN 978-9926-8278-2-3 COBISS.BH-ID 27597318 Printing of the Proceedings was financially supported by the Ministry of Education and Science of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina Štampanje Zbornika finansijski je pomoglo Ministarstvo za obrazovanje i nauku Federacije Bosne i Hercegovine Proceedings of the International symposium on hystory of speleology and karstology in Alps, Carpathians, and Dinarides ALCADI 2018 Livno, 26-29 June 2018 Sarajevo, 2019 ALCADI 2018 CONTENTS Alessio Fabbricatore PROF. LUDWIG KARL MOSER’S ARCHAEOLOGICAL AND PALAEONTOLOGICAL COLLECTIONS AT THE VIENNA AND POSTOJNA MUSEUMS........................ 5 Mirnes Hasanspahić, Jasminko Mulaomerović CAVES FROM BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA ON THE OLDEST POSTCARDS .......... 29 Andrej Kranjc 18TH CENTURY WORLD’S DEPTHS RECORD? ...................................... 37 Jasminko Mulaomerović THE OLDEST LIST OF BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA CAVES ........................ 45 Jasminko Mulaomerović CAVES AS ILLUSTRATIONS IN POPULAR AND SCIENTIFIC ARTICLES............... 50 Jasminko Mulaomerović E. A. MARTEL’S LETTER TO JOVAN CVIJIĆ: PREPARATIONS FOR EXCURSION TO SOUTH FRANCE IN 1925...................................................... 62 Maurizio Tavagnutti THE TOPOGRAPHIC SURVEYS OF THE CAVE OF POSTUMIA (1924-1928) IN THE WORK OF THE CAPTAIN LUIGI GALLINO OF GORIZIA............................. 68 Maurizio Tavagnutti THE POSTOJNA CAVE ON THE 200TH ANNIVERSARY OF THEIR OPENING .......... 82 ANNEX TO A BIBLIOGRAPHY OF THE HISTORY OF SPELEOLOGICAL RESEARCH IN THE ALPS, THE CARPATHIANS AND THE DINARIDES .................................. 86 1 ALCADI 2018 The International Symposium of ALCADI 2018 was held together with the conference "Man and Karst" from 26 to 29 June 2018 in Livno (Bosnia and Herzegovina). Proceedings from both of these meetings should be printed together. As only a few authors from the "Man and Karst" conference have submitted their articles, articles from the ALDADI symposium are issued as a separate book. Jasminko Mulaomerović 3 ALCADI 2018 PROF. LUDWIG KARL MOSER’S ARCHAEOLOGICAL AND PALAEONTOLOGICAL COLLECTIONS AT THE VIENNA AND POSTOJNA MUSEUMS by Alessio Fabbricatore independent researcher photos by Alessio Fabbricatore Summary This year has marked the 100th anniversary of the death of Prof. Ludwig Carl Moser and on this occasion I will present the results of my studies on the palaeontological and archaeological finds of the Moser collection held at the Natural History Museum Vienna (NHMW) in Austria and the Notranjski muzej Postojna in Slovenia. In 1871 Moser graduated with a PhD. In 1876 he was appointed Head of the German State Gymnasium in Trieste. His new life in Trieste favoured the development of his scientific research in the Karst region. From 1876 until the beginning of the First World War, he carried out archaeological and palaeontological research in caves of the classical karst, especially in the Österreichisches Küstenland (Austrian Littoral). He studied the speleological field, and particularly ice formation in caves and on cave clay (based on his theory, in 1918 the State imposed the nationalisation of phosphate deposits).He was a member and correspondent of the Anthropologische Gesellschaft (Anthropological Society) in Vienna. Thanks to the financial support of the Austrian Ministry of Finance he carried out researches in Bosnia and Herzegovina (Narenta and Nevesinje area) and in the Megara cave. Here he probably identified remains of Ursus spelaeus. The Karl Moser collection of the NHMW counts more than a thousand finds from researches and explorations carried out in the Austrian Littoral, Istria and Carniola, with numerous ex- cavations, mainly in caves, during which he brought to light many archaeological and paleon- tological remains, such as the Ursus Spelaeus from Grotta Pocala and Grotta dell’Orso. As far as palaeontological finds are concerned, it is worth mentioning those coming from Grotta dell’Orso (R 33): Ursus spelaeus, Gulo gulo, Crocuta crocuta spelaea, Panthera leo spelaean and Equus asinus (Wildesel), all kept at the NHMW. As far as archaeological finds are concerned, it is worth mentioning those coming from Grotta Fioravante (R 411): Pintadera and from Caverna Moser: rhyton foots. Keywords: L.C. Moser, NHM Vienna, Pintadera, Rhyton 5 6 Alessio Fabbricatore 2 June 1918 - 2 June 2018 This study was carried out on the occasion of the 100th anniversary of Ludwig Karl Moser’s death, dated June 2, 1918, to highlight the importance of Moser’s finds and their actual amo- unt in the Naturhistorisches Museum Wien – Natural History Museum Vienna (hereinafter referred to as NHMW) in Austria and the Notranjski muzej Postojna in Slovenia. Ludwig Karl Moser born November 7, 1845 in Teschen, in Austrian Silesia (currently Český Těšín, in the Moravian-Silesian Region of the Czech Republic) and died June 2, 1918 in Bozen Südtirol (currently Bolzano, Italy). Fig. 1. Fig 01. Ludwig Carl Moser at the time of university in Vienna (archive Vienna University). The Austrian lexicon defines him asNaturwissenschaftler, “ Naturforscher und Höhlenforscher” (scientist, naturalist and speleologist). After gymnasium he attended the faculty of Philosophy at the University of Vienna (geological and biological sciences, botany, maths and physics, chemistry, pedagogy and philosophy, history of art and underground hydrography). In 1871 Moser graduated with a PhD. In 1876 he was appointed Chairman of the Staatsobergymnasium (German State Gymnasium) in Trieste. Here he taught natural history, maths and physics, ge- ography and calligraphy and he was appointed Head coordinator of the Gymnasium, where students were mostly of German, Slavic and Italian origin. His new life in Prof. Ludwig Karl Moser’s archaeological and palaeontological collections at the Vienna and Postojna museums 7 Trieste favoured the development of his scientific research in the Karst region. From 1876 until the beginning of the First World War, he carried out archaeological and palaeontological research in caves of the classical Karst: i.e. in the Österreichisches Küstenland1 (Austrian Littoral) and in Krain2. He studied ice formation in caves and particularly on cave clay (based on his theory, in 1918 the State imposed the nationalisation of phosphate deposits). His diaries are of significant importance: here he recorded the details of his finds (map of the place, survey of the cave, sections, descriptions, drawings, sketches, etc.), which allowed him to publish detailed reports and keep up a fre- quent and valued correspondence with many austrian Institutions, among which NHMW, Zentralkommission zur Erforschung und Erhaltung der Kunst- und his- torischen Denkmale in Vienna and he was a member and correspondent of the Anthropologische Gesellschaft in Vienna. In 1899 Moser published “Der Karst und seine Höhlen. Naturwissenschaftlich geschildert. Mit einem Anhange über Vorgeschichte, Archäologie und Geschicht” (Trieste). In the preface to his book he pointed out that, since 1890, he had included the study of the karst landforms and its phenomena in the annual program of the State Gymnasium of Trieste. This was confirmed by the publication in 1890 ofDer “ Karst, in naturwissenschaftlicher Hinsicht geschildert von Dr. L. Karl Moser Professor”, as part of “Jahresbericht ϋber das kk Gymnasium” (Trieste), a scientific detailed dos- sier about the Karst. The book Der Karst und seine Höhlen considers caves from a cultural point of view and takes into consideration how humans and animals make use of them. The book analyses the different aspects of the speleological research in the karst caves, with particular regard to the archaeological investigations in the caves studied by Moser. In the second part of the book the hydrography and the karst landscape are treated. The following chapter concerns prehistory, archaeology and history. The analytical tables of archaeological finds close the book. Moser was the typical scholar of his time. He extended his knowledge to speleology, palaeontol- ogy and archaeology. He was constantly in contact with many contemporary schol- ars including Richard Burton, Ferdinand von Hochstetter, Franz Kraus, Heinrich Majonica, Carlo de Marchesetti, Eduard Alfred Martel, Alberto Puschi and Joseph Szombathy. His diaries, writings and numerous archaeological and palaeontological finds certainly deserve a thorough investigation. 1 At Moser’s time the administrative boundaries of the Österreichisches Küstenland (Austrian Littoral) included Gori- zia with the Isonzo Valley, Gradisca, Monfalcone, the Gorizia and Trieste Karst,

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