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Thriving in a Crowded and Changing World: C++ 2006–2020
Thriving in a Crowded and Changing World: C++ 2006–2020 BJARNE STROUSTRUP, Morgan Stanley and Columbia University, USA Shepherd: Yannis Smaragdakis, University of Athens, Greece By 2006, C++ had been in widespread industrial use for 20 years. It contained parts that had survived unchanged since introduced into C in the early 1970s as well as features that were novel in the early 2000s. From 2006 to 2020, the C++ developer community grew from about 3 million to about 4.5 million. It was a period where new programming models emerged, hardware architectures evolved, new application domains gained massive importance, and quite a few well-financed and professionally marketed languages fought for dominance. How did C++ ś an older language without serious commercial backing ś manage to thrive in the face of all that? This paper focuses on the major changes to the ISO C++ standard for the 2011, 2014, 2017, and 2020 revisions. The standard library is about 3/4 of the C++20 standard, but this paper’s primary focus is on language features and the programming techniques they support. The paper contains long lists of features documenting the growth of C++. Significant technical points are discussed and illustrated with short code fragments. In addition, it presents some failed proposals and the discussions that led to their failure. It offers a perspective on the bewildering flow of facts and features across the years. The emphasis is on the ideas, people, and processes that shaped the language. Themes include efforts to preserve the essence of C++ through evolutionary changes, to simplify itsuse,to improve support for generic programming, to better support compile-time programming, to extend support for concurrency and parallel programming, and to maintain stable support for decades’ old code. -
18 Free Ways to Download Any Video Off the Internet Posted on October 2, 2007 by Aseem Kishore Ads by Google
http://www.makeuseof.com/tag/18-free-ways-to-download-any-video-off-the-internet/ 18 Free Ways To Download Any Video off the Internet posted on October 2, 2007 by Aseem Kishore Ads by Google Download Videos Now download.cnet.com Get RealPlayer® & Download Videos from the web. 100% Secure Download. Full Movies For Free www.YouTube.com/BoxOffice Watch Full Length Movies on YouTube Box Office. Absolutely Free! HD Video Players from US www.20north.com/ Coby, TV, WD live, TiVo and more. Shipped from US to India Video Downloading www.VideoScavenger.com 100s of Video Clips with 1 Toolbar. Download Video Scavenger Today! It seems like everyone these days is downloading, watching, and sharing videos from video-sharing sites like YouTube, Google Video, MetaCafe, DailyMotion, Veoh, Break, and a ton of other similar sites. Whether you want to watch the video on your iPod while working out, insert it into a PowerPoint presentation to add some spice, or simply download a video before it’s removed, it’s quite essential to know how to download, convert, and play these videos. There are basically two ways to download videos off the Internet and that’s how I’ll split up this post: either via a web app or via a desktop application. Personally, I like the web applications better simply because you don’t have to clutter up and slow down your computer with all kinds of software! UPDATE: MakeUseOf put together an excellent list of the best websites for watching movies, TV shows, documentaries and standups online. -
Code Structure by Miklos Vajna Senior Software Engineer at Collabora Productivity 2017-10-11
LibreOffice: Code Structure By Miklos Vajna Senior Software Engineer at Collabora Productivity 2017-10-11 @CollaboraOffice www.CollaboraOffice.com About Miklos ● From Hungary ● More blurb: http://vmiklos.hu/ ● Google Summer of Code 2010/2011 ● Rewrite of the Writer RTF import/export ● Writer developer since 2012 ● Contractor at Collabora since 2013 LibreOffice Conference 2017, Rome | Miklos Vajna 2 / 30 Thanks ● This is an updated version of Michael Meeks’ talk from last year LibreOffice Conference 2017, Rome | Miklos Vajna 3 / 30 Overview ● Code-base overview ● Internal core modules, internal leaf ● Ignoring externals ● Building / packaging: gnumake, scp2 ● Code organisation, git bits ● Keep in mind: this is a 20 years old code-base ● The quality is much better than you would expect after knowing its age ● Things continue to improve over time LibreOffice Conference 2017, Rome | Miklos Vajna 4 / 30 Module overview lowest level Internal non-leaf modules: UNO modules ● Module = toplevel dir ● make dumps-deps-png ● Each module has a README ● e.g. sal/README ● sal: at the bottom ● The system abstraction layer ● tools is an obsolete internal (more or less) duplication of this ● salhelper: wrapper code around sal, also part of the URE LibreOffice Conference 2017, Rome | Miklos Vajna 6 / 30 What is the Uno Runtime Environment (URE)? ● We’ll come to UNO in detail a bit later, but for now: ● Uno Runtime Environment ● See also JRE, Java Runtime Env. ● Belongs to the idea that UNO would be reused somewhere else ● Provides an API/ABI-stable abstraction layer for the suite URE ● Allows writing C++ extensions ● Modify carefully: ● Should not change the ABI ● ABI control via C .map files LibreOffice Conference 2017, Rome | Miklos Vajna 7 / 30 UNO modules ● store: legacy .rdb format ● registry: UNO type regisistry ● unoidl: a .idl file compiler ● cppu: C++ UNO ● Implements basic UNO types and infrastructure for C++, e.g. -
Release Notes for Fedora 15
Fedora 15 Release Notes Release Notes for Fedora 15 Edited by The Fedora Docs Team Copyright © 2011 Red Hat, Inc. and others. The text of and illustrations in this document are licensed by Red Hat under a Creative Commons Attribution–Share Alike 3.0 Unported license ("CC-BY-SA"). An explanation of CC-BY-SA is available at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/. The original authors of this document, and Red Hat, designate the Fedora Project as the "Attribution Party" for purposes of CC-BY-SA. In accordance with CC-BY-SA, if you distribute this document or an adaptation of it, you must provide the URL for the original version. Red Hat, as the licensor of this document, waives the right to enforce, and agrees not to assert, Section 4d of CC-BY-SA to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law. Red Hat, Red Hat Enterprise Linux, the Shadowman logo, JBoss, MetaMatrix, Fedora, the Infinity Logo, and RHCE are trademarks of Red Hat, Inc., registered in the United States and other countries. For guidelines on the permitted uses of the Fedora trademarks, refer to https:// fedoraproject.org/wiki/Legal:Trademark_guidelines. Linux® is the registered trademark of Linus Torvalds in the United States and other countries. Java® is a registered trademark of Oracle and/or its affiliates. XFS® is a trademark of Silicon Graphics International Corp. or its subsidiaries in the United States and/or other countries. MySQL® is a registered trademark of MySQL AB in the United States, the European Union and other countries. All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners. -
How-To Gnome-Look Guide
HHOOWW--TTOO Written by David D Lowe GGNNOOMMEE--LLOOOOKK GGUUIIDDEE hen I first joined the harddisk, say, ~/Pictures/Wallpapers. right-clicking on your desktop Ubuntu community, I and selecting the appropriate You may have noticed that gnome- button (you know which one!). Wwas extremely look.org separates wallpapers into impressed with the amount of different categories, according to the customization Ubuntu had to size of the wallpaper in pixels. For Don't let acronyms intimidate offer. People posted impressive the best quality, you want this to you; you don't have to know screenshots, and mentioned the match your screen resolution. If you what the letters stand for to themes they were using. They don't know what your screen know what it is. Basically, GTK is soon led me to gnome-look.org, resolution is, click System > the system GNOME uses to the number one place for GNOME Preferences > Screen Resolution. display things like buttons and visual customization. The However, Ubuntu stretches controls. GNOME is Ubuntu's screenshots there looked just as wallpapers quite nicely if you picked default desktop environment. I impressive, but I was very the wrong size, so you needn't fret will only be dealing with GNOME confused as to what the headings about it. on the sidebar meant, and I had customization here--sorry no idea how to use the files I SVG is a special image format that Kubuntu and Xubuntu folks! downloaded. Hopefully, this guide doesn't use pixels; it uses shapes Gnome-look.org distinguishes will help you learn what I found called vectors, which means you can between two versions of GTK: out the slow way. -
The Linux Command Line
The Linux Command Line Fifth Internet Edition William Shotts A LinuxCommand.org Book Copyright ©2008-2019, William E. Shotts, Jr. This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-No De- rivative Works 3.0 United States License. To view a copy of this license, visit the link above or send a letter to Creative Commons, PO Box 1866, Mountain View, CA 94042. A version of this book is also available in printed form, published by No Starch Press. Copies may be purchased wherever fine books are sold. No Starch Press also offers elec- tronic formats for popular e-readers. They can be reached at: https://www.nostarch.com. Linux® is the registered trademark of Linus Torvalds. All other trademarks belong to their respective owners. This book is part of the LinuxCommand.org project, a site for Linux education and advo- cacy devoted to helping users of legacy operating systems migrate into the future. You may contact the LinuxCommand.org project at http://linuxcommand.org. Release History Version Date Description 19.01A January 28, 2019 Fifth Internet Edition (Corrected TOC) 19.01 January 17, 2019 Fifth Internet Edition. 17.10 October 19, 2017 Fourth Internet Edition. 16.07 July 28, 2016 Third Internet Edition. 13.07 July 6, 2013 Second Internet Edition. 09.12 December 14, 2009 First Internet Edition. Table of Contents Introduction....................................................................................................xvi Why Use the Command Line?......................................................................................xvi -
Xcode Package from App Store
KH Computational Physics- 2016 Introduction Setting up your computing environment Installation • MAC or Linux are the preferred operating system in this course on scientific computing. • Windows can be used, but the most important programs must be installed – python : There is a nice package ”Enthought Python Distribution” http://www.enthought.com/products/edudownload.php – C++ and Fortran compiler – BLAS&LAPACK for linear algebra – plotting program such as gnuplot Kristjan Haule, 2016 –1– KH Computational Physics- 2016 Introduction Software for this course: Essentials: • Python, and its packages in particular numpy, scipy, matplotlib • C++ compiler such as gcc • Text editor for coding (for example Emacs, Aquamacs, Enthought’s IDLE) • make to execute makefiles Highly Recommended: • Fortran compiler, such as gfortran or intel fortran • BLAS& LAPACK library for linear algebra (most likely provided by vendor) • open mp enabled fortran and C++ compiler Useful: • gnuplot for fast plotting. • gsl (Gnu scientific library) for implementation of various scientific algorithms. Kristjan Haule, 2016 –2– KH Computational Physics- 2016 Introduction Installation on MAC • Install Xcode package from App Store. • Install ‘‘Command Line Tools’’ from Apple’s software site. For Mavericks and lafter, open Xcode program, and choose from the menu Xcode -> Open Developer Tool -> More Developer Tools... You will be linked to the Apple page that allows you to access downloads for Xcode. You wil have to register as a developer (free). Search for the Xcode Command Line Tools in the search box in the upper left. Download and install the correct version of the Command Line Tools, for example for OS ”El Capitan” and Xcode 7.2, Kristjan Haule, 2016 –3– KH Computational Physics- 2016 Introduction you need Command Line Tools OS X 10.11 for Xcode 7.2 Apple’s Xcode contains many libraries and compilers for Mac systems. -
Evolving Software Systems
See discussions, stats, and author profiles for this publication at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/264799728 Evolving Software Systems CHAPTER · JANUARY 2013 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-45398-4_10 CITATIONS READS 4 154 4 AUTHORS, INCLUDING: Tom Mens Université de Mons 244 PUBLICATIONS 4,431 CITATIONS SEE PROFILE Available from: Alexander Serebrenik Retrieved on: 01 February 2016 Chapter 10 Studying Evolving Software Ecosystems based on Ecological Models Tom Mens, Maelick¨ Claes, Philippe Grosjean and Alexander Serebrenik Summary. Research on software evolution is very active, but evolutionary prin- ciples, models and theories that properly explain why and how software systems evolve over time are still lacking. Similarly, more empirical research is needed to understand how different software projects co-exist and co-evolve, and how contrib- utors collaborate within their encompassing software ecosystem. In this chapter, we explore the differences and analogies between natural ecosys- tems and biological evolution on the one hand, and software ecosystems and soft- ware evolution on the other hand. The aim is to learn from research in ecology to advance the understanding of evolving software ecosystems. Ultimately, we wish to use such knowledge to derive diagnostic tools aiming to predict survival of soft- ware projects within their ecosystem, to analyse and optimise the fitness of software projects in their environment, and to help software project communities in managing their projects better. This work has been partially supported by F.R.S-F.N.R.S. research grant BSS-2012/V 6/5/015 and ARC research project AUWB-12/17-UMONS-3, “Ecological Studies of Open Source Soft- ware Ecosystems” financed by the Ministere` de la Communaute´ franc¸aise - Direction gen´ erale´ de l’Enseignement non obligatoire et de la Recherche scientifique, Belgium. -
GNU Scientific Library – Reference Manual
GNU Scientific Library – Reference Manual: Top http://www.gnu.org/software/gsl/manual/html_node/ GNU Scientific Library – Reference Manual Next: Introduction, Previous: (dir), Up: (dir) [Index] GSL This file documents the GNU Scientific Library (GSL), a collection of numerical routines for scientific computing. It corresponds to release 1.16+ of the library. Please report any errors in this manual to [email protected]. More information about GSL can be found at the project homepage, http://www.gnu.org/software/gsl/. Printed copies of this manual can be purchased from Network Theory Ltd at http://www.network-theory.co.uk /gsl/manual/. The money raised from sales of the manual helps support the development of GSL. A Japanese translation of this manual is available from the GSL project homepage thanks to Daisuke Tominaga. Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013 The GSL Team. Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections and no cover texts. A copy of the license is included in the section entitled “GNU Free Documentation License”. • Introduction: • Using the library: • Error Handling: • Mathematical Functions: • Complex Numbers: • Polynomials: • Special Functions: • Vectors and Matrices: • Permutations: • Combinations: • Multisets: • Sorting: • BLAS Support: • Linear Algebra: • Eigensystems: -
AUDIO DELIVERY You Don’T Need an Ipod to Participate in the Recent Phenomenon Known As Podcatching
KNOW-HOW Podcatching Podcatching without an iPod AUDIO DELIVERY You don’t need an iPod to participate in the recent phenomenon known as Podcatching. We’ll show you how to receive and play back podcasts in Linux. BY TIM HARDY odcasting is the latest buzz in the world of Syozi Nelson Pweblogs. Also known as time shifting audio, pod- casting is a method of deliv- ering audio streams broad- cast in mp3 format via rss feeds, so that they can be downloaded automatically and played at leisure. By sub- scribing to an RSS feed with mp3 enclosures, you can receive new podcasts automati- cally for playback on your favor- ite mp3 player. You can think of podcasting as TiVO for radio. The name podcasting derives from Apple’s iPod, but the name is inaccu- rate, because you do not need an iPod to listen to these files. A podcast is the broadcast program, and the act of receiv- article assumes ing a feed is called podcatching. org [4] now you are using a Although many podcasts, like many details hun- type of mp3 player that blogs, are trivial, high quality material is dreds of podcasts. (like most flash-based stor- also available. Doug Kate at IT Conver- A podcatching client functions as an age devices) can be mounted as an sations [1], for instance, has made over aggregator that can read these RSS 2.0 external drive. I’ll begin by describing 300 recordings of interviews and keynote feeds with enclosures. The client auto- some Linux podcatching applications, speeches from IT conferences. -
Art-Workbook-V0 84
Intensity Frontier Common Offline Documentation: art Workbook and Users Guide Alpha Release 0.84 August 18, 2014 This version of the documentation is written for version v0_00_27 of the art-workbook code. Scientific Computing Division Future Programs and Experiments Department Scientific Software Infrastructure Group Principal Author: Rob Kutschke Editor: Anne Heavey art Developers: L. Garren, C. Green, J. Kowalkowski, M. Paterno and P. Russo 1 2 List of Chapters Detailed Table of Contents iv List of Figures xx List of Tables xxii List of Code and Output Listings xxii art Glossary xxvii I Introduction 1 1 How to Read this Documentation 2 2 Conventions Used in this Documentation 4 3 Introduction to the art Event Processing Framework 7 4 Unix Prerequisites 34 5 Site-Specific Setup Procedure 45 i 6 Get your C++ up to Speed 47 7 Using External Products in UPS 107 II Workbook 119 8 Preparation for Running the Workbook Exercises 120 9 Exercise 1: Running Pre-built art Modules 124 10 Exercise 2: Building and Running Your First Module 163 11 General Setup for Login Sessions 220 12 Keeping Up to Date with Workbook Code and Documentation 222 13 Exercise 3: Some other Member Functions of Modules 228 14 Exercise 4: A First Look at Parameter Sets 240 15 Exercise 5: Making Multiple Instances of a Module 265 16 Exercise 6: Accessing Data Products 272 17 Exercise 7: Making a Histogram 291 18 Exercise 8: Looping Over Collections 317 19 3D Event Displays 341 20 Troubleshooting 377 ii III User’s Guide 379 21 Obtaining Credentials to Access Fermilab Computing Resources 380 22 git 382 23 art Run-time and Development Environments 391 24 art Framework Parameters 399 25 Job Configuration in art: FHiCL 405 IV Appendices 424 A art Completion Codes 425 B Viewing and Printing Figure Files 428 C CLHEP 430 D Include Guards 446 V Index 448 Index 449 iii Detailed Table of Contents Detailed Table of Contents iv List of Figures xx List of Tables xxii List of Code and Output Listings xxii art Glossary xxvii I Introduction 1 1 How to Read this Documentation 2 1.1 If you are new to HEP Software.. -
Filesystems HOWTO Filesystems HOWTO Table of Contents Filesystems HOWTO
Filesystems HOWTO Filesystems HOWTO Table of Contents Filesystems HOWTO..........................................................................................................................................1 Martin Hinner < [email protected]>, http://martin.hinner.info............................................................1 1. Introduction..........................................................................................................................................1 2. Volumes...............................................................................................................................................1 3. DOS FAT 12/16/32, VFAT.................................................................................................................2 4. High Performance FileSystem (HPFS)................................................................................................2 5. New Technology FileSystem (NTFS).................................................................................................2 6. Extended filesystems (Ext, Ext2, Ext3)...............................................................................................2 7. Macintosh Hierarchical Filesystem − HFS..........................................................................................3 8. ISO 9660 − CD−ROM filesystem.......................................................................................................3 9. Other filesystems.................................................................................................................................3