Mechanical Waves Review
Mechanical Waves Review
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1. The diagram shown represents four waves traveling 5. The pattern shown was recorded by a tape timer. to the right in the same transmitting medium. The space between the dots represents 0.02 second. What is the frequency of the timer?
A. 0.02 cycle/sec
B. 5 cycles/sec
C. 50 cycles/sec
D. 500 cycles/sec
Which type of wave is represented?
A. elliptical B. longitudinal
C. torsional D. transverse 6. Which waves require a medium for transmission?
A. light waves B. radio waves
C. sound waves D. cosmic waves
2. Which wave has the greatest frequency?
A. A B. B C. C D. D 7. Periodic waves are being produced in a ripple tank. As the rate at which the waves are produced is increased, the wavelength of the waves will
A. decrease B. increase 3. Which wave has the greatest amplitude? C. remain the same A. A B. B C. C D. D
8. Which part of the longitudinal waveform shown represents a rarefaction? 4. Which characteristic is determined by the source of a wave train and will not change when the wave passes into another medium?
A. frequency B. wavelength
C. velocity D. amplitude A. A B. B C. C D. D
page 1 9. Which area of the longitudinal waveform area best 14. If the velocity of a constant-frequency wave represents the wavelength of the wave shown? increases, the wavelength
A. A and B B. B and C A. decreases B. increases
C. C, only D. D C. remains the same
15. The number of waves passing a point in a unit of 10. For a standing wave, the distance between two time is called consecutive minimums (nodes) is equal to
A. frequency B. wavelength A. 1 wavelength B. 2 wavelengths C. amplitude D. period 1 1 C. 2 wavelength D. 4 wavelength
16. Two pulses are traveling along a string toward each other as represented in the diagram shown. 11. The frequency of a wave with a velocity of Which phenomenon will occur as the pulses meet 30 meters per second and a wavelength of 5.0 meters is
A. 150 waves/sec B. 25 waves/sec A. reflection B. diffraction C. 6.0 waves/sec D. 5.0 waves/sec C. interference D. refraction
12. What is the velocity of a water wave that travels a 17. Which characteristic of a wave changes as the distance of 10 meters in 5.0 seconds? wave travels across a boundary between two different media? A. 5.0 m/sec B. 2.0 m/sec
C. 15 m/sec D. 50 m/sec A. frequency B. period C. phase D. speed
13. Two waves have the same frequency in a medium. The wave with the greater energy has the greater 18. What is the period of a wave with a frequency of 2.0 × 102 hertz?
A. amplitude B. velocity A. 6.0 × 10−10 s B. 2.0 × 10−3 s C. wavelength D. period C. 5.0 × 10−3 s D. 1.5 × 106 s
page 2 Mechanical Waves Review 19. As shown in the diagram, a transverse wave is 22. How many nodes are represented in the standing moving along a rope. In which direction will wave diagram? segment X move as the wave passes through it?
A. down, only B. up, only A. 1 B. 6 C. 3 D. 4 C. down, then up D. up, then down
23. As a periodic wave travels from one medium to another, which pair of the wave’s characteristics cannot change?
20. The diagram shows a transverse water wave A. period and frequency moving in the direction shown by velocity vector v. At the instant shown, a cork at point P on the B. period and amplitude water’s surface is moving toward C. frequency and velocity
A. A B. B D. amplitude and wavelength
C. C D. D
24. The diagram pictured shows radar waves being emitted from a stationary police car and reflected by a moving car back to the police car. The difference in apparent frequency between the incident and reflected waves is an example of
21. Which point on the wave diagram shown is in phase with point A ?
A. E B. B A. constructive interference C. C D. D B. refraction
C. the Doppler effect
D. total internal reflection
page 3 Mechanical Waves Review 25. Two wave sources operating in phase in the 28. The diagram shown represents a rope along same medium produce the circular wave patterns which two pulses of equal amplitude, A, approach shown in the diagram. The solid lines represent point P. When the two pulses meet at P, the wave crests and the dashed lines represent wave vertical displacement of the rope at point P will be troughs. Which point is at a position of maximum destructive interference? A. A B. 2A A C. 0 D. 2
A. A B. B C. C D. D 29. Which graph best represents the relationship between the frequency and period of a wave?
A. B. 26. The diagram pictured shows two pulses, each of length λ, traveling toward each other at equal speed in a rope. Which diagram best represents the shape of the rope when both pulses are in region AB ?
C. D.
A. B.
C. D. 30. A wave generator located 4.0 meters from a reflecting wall produces a standing wave in a string, as shown in the accompanying diagram.
27. In the diagram shown, the distance between points A and B on a wave is 0.10 meter. This wave must have
If the speed of the wave is 10. meters per second, what is its frequency? A. an amplitude of 0.10 m
B. an amplitude of 0.20 m A. 0.40 Hz B. 5.0 Hz
C. a wavelength of 0.10 m C. 10 Hz D. 40. Hz
D. a wavelength of 0.20 m
page 4 Mechanical Waves Review 31. The accompanying diagram shows two waves 33. A train sounding its whistle is moving rapidly approaching eachother in the same uniform away from an observer. The frequency the medium. observer hears appears to
A. decrease B. increase
C. remain the same
Which diagram best represents the appearance of the medium after the waves ahve passed through each other? 34. A term often used to describe the frequency of a sound is A. A. amplitude B. volume
C. pitch D. tone
B.
35. When the sound made by one tuning fork causes another tuning fork to vibrate, the principle demonstrated is C.
A. reflection B. refraction
C. interference D. resonance
D.
36. The length of a vibrating air column is shortened. The sound wave produced by the shortened air column will have an increase in
A. frequency B. wavelength
C. amplitude D. speed
32. What is the period of a wave if 20 crests pass an observer in 4 seconds? 37. As the frequency of a sound wave decreases, its pitch A. 80 s B. 0.2 s C. 5 s D. 4 s
A. decreases B. increases
C. remains the same
page 5 Mechanical Waves Review 38. An opera singer’s voice is able to break a thin 41. Two speakers, S1 and S2, operating in phase in the crystal glass if the singer’s voice and the glass same medium produce the circular wave patterns have the same natural shown in the diagram below.
A. frequency B. speed
C. amplitude D. wavelength
At which two points is constructive interference occurring?
A. A and B B. A and D
C. B and C D. B and D
39. The diagram pictured shows a parked police car with a siren on top. The siren is producing a sound with a frequency of 680 hertz, which travels first through point A and then through point B, as shown. The speed of the sound is 340 meters per 42. An echo heard when a person shouts in a canyon second. is due to the sound waves being
A. mixed B. refracted
If the sound waves are in phase at points A and B, C. diffracted D. reflected the distance between the points could be
λ 1 λ 3 λ 1 λ A. 1 B. 2 C. 2 D. 4
43. Two tuning forks are struck at the same time. Their sound is observed to become louder and softer at regular intervals. This is caused by wave
A. condensation B. refraction
C. interference D. amplification
40. What is the wavelength of the sound produced by the car’s siren?
A. 0.50 m B. 2.0 m 44. Beats are produced by two sound waves having − C. 2.3 × 105 m D. 2.3 × 10 6 m different
A. frequencies B. amplitudes
C. loudness D. energies
page 6 Mechanical Waves Review 45. Increasing the amplitude of a sound wave will 48. Which wave phenomenon is represented in the make it diagram here?
A. louder B. have a higher pitch A. refraction
C. travel faster D. produce beats B. diffraction
C. reflection
D. interference
46. At an outdoor physics demonstration, a delay of 0.50 second was observed between the time sound waves left a loudspeaker and the time these sound waves reached a student through the air. If the air is at STP, how far was the student from the speaker? 49. The diagram represents wave fronts traveling from medium X into medium Y. All points on any one A. 1.5 × 10−3 m B. 1.7 × 102 m wave front shown must be
C. 6.6 × 102 m D. 1.5 × 108 m
47. Which diagram best illustrates wave refraction? A. traveling with the same speed
A. B. traveling in the same medium
C. in phase
D. superposed
B.
50. Parallel wave fronts incident on an opening in a barrier are diffracted. For which combination of C. wavelength and size of opening will diffraction effects be greatest?
A. short wavelength and narrow opening
D. B. short wavelength and wide opening
C. long wavelength and narrow opening
D. long wavelength and wide opening
page 7 Mechanical Waves Review 51. The diagram shows a wave phenomenon. The 53. The sonar of a stationary ship sends a signal with pattern of waves shown behind the barrier is the a frequency of 5.0 × 103 hertz down through water. result of The speed of the signal is 1.5 × 103 meters per second. The echo from the bottom is detected A. reflection 4.0 seconds later.
B. refraction a) What is the wavelength of the sonar wave? [Show all calculations, including the equation C. diffraction and substitution with units.]
D. interference b) What is the depth of the water under the ship? [Show all calculations, including the equation and substitution with units.]
52. Base your answer(s) to the following question(s) on the information and diagram below.
A stationary research ship uses sonar to 54. Base your answer(s) to the following question(s) send a 1.18 × 103-hertz sound wave down on the information below. through the ocean water. The reflected sound wave from the flat ocean bottom 324 meters One end of a rope is attached to a variable below the ship is detected 0.425 second after speed drill and the other end is attached to a it was sent from the ship. 5.0-kilogram mass. The rope is draped over a hook on a wall opposite the drill. When the drill Calculate the wavelength of the sound wave in rotates at a frequency of 20.0 Hz, standing waves the ocean water. [Show all work, including the of the same frequency are set up in the rope. The equation and substitution with units.] diagram below shows such a wave pattern.
Determine the wavelength of the waves producing the standing wave pattern.
page 8 Mechanical Waves Review 55. Base your answer(s) to the following question(s) 56. Determine the amplitude of the wave. on the diagram below, which shows a wave in a rope.
Determine the wavelength of the wave.
page 9 Mechanical Waves Review Problem-Attic format version 4.4.202 _c 2011–2013 EducAide Software Licensed for use by Charles Ropes Terms of Use at www.problem-attic.com
Mechanical Waves Review 01/24/2014 1. 21. Answer: D Answer: D 2. 22. Answer: B Answer: D 3. 23. Answer: D Answer: A 4. 24. Answer: A Answer: C 5. 25. Answer: C Answer: B 6. 26. Answer: C Answer: D 7. 27. Answer: A Answer: D 8. 28. Answer: B Answer: B 9. 29. Answer: A Answer: D 10. 30. Answer: C Answer: B 11. 31. Answer: C Answer: A 12. 32. Answer: B Answer: B 13. 33. Answer: A Answer: A 14. 34. Answer: B Answer: C 15. 35. Answer: A Answer: D 16. 36. Answer: C Answer: A 17. 37. Answer: D Answer: A 18. 38. Answer: C Answer: A 19. 39. Answer: D Answer: A 20. 40. Answer: B Answer: A Teacher’s Key Page 2
41. Answer: B 42. Answer: D 43. Answer: C 44. Answer: A 45. Answer: A 46. Answer: B 47. Answer: D 48. Answer: B 49. Answer: C 50. Answer: C 51. Answer: C 52. Answer: 1.29 m 53. Answer: 54. Answer: 3.0 m or 3 m. 55. Answer: 3.2 m 56. Answer: 0.60 m