Y10, KO, Art, Cycle 1/Term 1 Impressionism developed in France in the nineteenth century and is based on the practice of painting out of doors and spontaneously ‘on the spot’ rather than in a studio from sketches. Main impressionist subjects were landscapes and scenes of everyday life Impressionists: Mary Cassatt, Paul Cézanne, Edgar Degas, Édouard Manet, Claude Monet, Camille Pissarro, Pierre-Auguste Renoir, Alfred Sisley Fauvism is the name applied to the work which is characterised by strong colours and fierce brushwork. Famous fauvists: Albert Marquet, Charles Camoin, Louis Valtat, Jean Puy, Maurice de Vlaminck, Henri Manguin, Raoul Dufy, Othon Friesz, Georges Rouault, Jean Metzinger, Kees van Dongen and Georges Braque
The fauvists were interested in the scientific colour theories developed in the nineteenth century – particularly those relating to complementary colours.
Complementary colours are pairs of colours appear opposite each other on scientific models such as the colour wheel, and when used side-by-side in a painting make each other look brighter.
COLOR AND LINE
Throughout his career, Matisse searched for a way to unite the formal elements of color and line. On the one hand, he was known as a master colorist: from the non- realistic palette that earned him the designation of a fauve or “wild beast” in the first decade of the twentieth century, to the light-infused interiors of his so-called “Nice period” of the 1920s, he followed a course of what he described as “construction by means of color.” On the other hand, he was a master draftsman, celebrated for drawings and prints that describe a figure in fluid arabesque lines; “my line drawing is the purest and most direct translation of my emotion,” he once said. Through the cut-outs, he was finally able to unite these two branches of his practice. He described the process of making them as both “cutting directly into color” and “drawing with scissors.” Practical application of art history: 1. Create a drawing of your hand in one of the styles you’ve learned about from this knowledge organiser. 2.Create sketches of your surroundings (room, objects such as chairs, tables, books, your pencil case, etc), people in the simplified cut out style. 3. Create a composition on your table (books, stationary, clothing) and sketch it in the style of one of the above mentioned art movements. Use colour (e.g. green or red pen, colouring pencils, felt tips, highlighter) 4.Self Every Quiz: piece of work should be evaluated using art vocabulary. Compare your work to the artists’ examples.1. Can you describe Fauvism and Impressionism? 2. List their characteristics 3. List key artists associated with each movement 4. What is Divisionism? 5. What are the most famous works created by H. Matisse?