I I r ( ? J • 1 1 -.'i""lr, " DA €mu\\ ^mtmi% f APR 1 HJ IDUii E E' RRDE£ «fU 5afp' •ftfTl96?UiUL. The original of tiiis book is in tine Cornell University Library. There are no known copyright restrictions in the United States on the use of the text. http://www.archive.org/details/cu31924088018159 MY LIFE IN TWO HEMISPHERES MY LIFE IN TWO HEMISPHERES SIR CHARLES GAVAN DUFFY Author of " Yonng Inland" "Life of Thomas Davis," "Conversations with Carlyle," &c. WITH PORTRAIT VOLUME II NEW YORK THE MACMILLAN CO. MDCCCXCVIII A' I32.H 7" — CONTENTS BOOK III. CHAPTER I. THE REVIVAL OF THE "NATION." PAGE Conflicting advice—^John Dillon—D'Arcy M'Gee—Thomas Meagher " Wanted, a few Workmen "—Communications from Carlyle, Dr. Smiles, Maurice Leyne, John George MacCarthy, William Shaw, Edward Butler, Cashel Hoey, John George Adair, William Jennings, Edward Whitty, Julia Kavanagh, Thomas Wallis on the situation—Letters from Speranza—The tirailleurs of Nationality Weekly suppers—Projects of the day—^The Small Proprietor Society—Result of a year's work—^John Sadleir and disaster—The National Bank—Revival of Conciliation Hall—T. D. M'Gee invited to return to Ireland—The Irish State prisoners—Letter from T. B. MacManus—The Catholic University and Dr. Newman—Hem-y Wilberforce and Dr. Quinn . i CHAPTER II. THE LEAGUE WITH ULSTER. Dr. M'Knight consents to induce his friends among the Presbyterian ministers of Ulster to attend a National Convention in Dublin Character and constitution of the Convention—Resolutions adopted —Establishment of the Tenant League—Meetings of the League in North and South—Constituencies pledged to elect League members, and funds liberally supplied—Lord John Russell's Durham letter and the No-Popery meetings—Dr. CuUen founds a Catholic Defence Association—Attempt of the Irish landlords to excite bigotry—Courageous conduct of the Presbyterian clergy The General Election—New Ross—Letter to Sir Thomas Red- dington—Meath, Kilkenny, and Wexford elections—Conference of upwards of forty of the newly-elected members pledged to the principles of Independent Opposition 29 * V VOL. II. — —— vl CONTENTS CHAPTER III. m THE HOUSE OF COMMONS. PAGE The Irish Party in London—Sergeant Shee, William Keogh, Frederick Lucas, George Henry Moore—Public dinner in London—Leaders in the House of Commons—Mr. Disraeli—Characteristic anecdotes —Lord John Russell, Mr. Gladstone, Lord Palmerston Tete-h-tete with Sir Joshua Walmsley—Mr. Roebuck—Dinner at Richard Cobden's — Conversation with Bright and Sharman Crawford Vigilance of the Irish Party—Their Bill read a second time- Petition against my qualification—The evidence of Mr. O'Hara Decision in my favour—Vote of Want of Confidence formulated —Negotiations between the Government and the League Party Lord Derby declares in Parliament that he will never accept the principles of Crawford's Bill—The Leaguers consequently vote against him, and the Government falls—The Aberdeen Govern- ment gives office to John Sadleir and William Keogh—Indignation in Ireland—Sadleir loses his seat—When Parliament reassembled seventeen members of the Irish Party deserted to the Government —Diary—A love poem—Select Committee on the Land Bills Sharman Crawford deserts his own Bill 46 CHAPTER IV. CONTROVERSY WITH JOHN MITCHEL. His Mis-statements and Slanders ; their Refutation . .67 CHAPTER V. THE ROUT OF THE IRISH PARTY. Dr. CuUen and his policy—Mr. Gladstone's Budget and the Income Tax in Ireland—My contest with the House of Commons Disastrous consequences of the Budget — Its effect on the Irish Land Bills—Election of John Sadleir—Death of Maurice Leyne^ Address of American Dissenting Ministers on John Mitchel's pro- slavery opinions—Sheridan Knowles and his reminiscences of Hazlitt and Lawless—His sermon at a Baptist Chapel—Position of the League at this time—Notes from Edward Whitty—Experi- ments at the Malvern Water Cure—Tour in Belgium and France —Letter from Lucas on my return to Ireland — The Callan meeting—The Thurles meeting—Lucas' mission to Rome—His condition on returning to Parliament—^The Australian Constitu- tions before Parliament—Policy of Robert Lowe—Conference with Lucas on our position—Farewell address to my constituents —Letter from Archdeacon Fitzgerald—Last letter from Lucas Visit from D'Arcy M'Gee—Evening with Sam Lover—His stories about Sheridan Knowles—Speranza and Mr. Bohn. 82 — CONTENTS vii BOOK IV. CHAPTER I. MAKING READY FOR AUSTRALIA. PACE I determine to quit Ireland—Edward Whitty's opinion—Inquiries as to the climate of Australia—Counsel of William and Mary Howitt, Mr. Woolner, Robert and Mrs. Lowe, Mr. Latrobe—Work before quitting Parliament—Smith O'Brien's case—Conversation with Mr. Disraeli—Letter from Sir Denham Norreys—^Visit to Smith O'Brien at Brussels — The Belgian deputy and the widow MacCormack—^Visit to M. de Potter, member of the Provisional Government of 1830 — The Maynooth College inquiry — Letter from the Maynooth Professor—The Catholic University and Dr. Newman—Application for the Chiltern Hundreds—Alderman Plunkett's consternation—Invitations to public dinners in London and Dublin — Proposed testimonial declined — Generous help proffered by Arthur Geheoghan and Mrs. Anderson—Breakfast with Richard and Henry Doyle—Lindsey and the Civil Service Reform Movement^^ouis Blanc, Julia Kavanagh—Sir Emerson Tennant and the Crimean War—Last look at the House of Lords —Death of Frederick Lucas—I decline the public dinners in con- sequence—Letters from Thackeray and Lord Brougham—Fare- well to my friends in Dublin and London—Conversation with Stuart Mill—Dr. Madden and his " Life of Lady Blessington " Gough the teetotal lecturer—Dr. Hughes, Archbishop of New York—Sir William Molesworth—Mr. Godley, founder of the Canterbury settlement—Letters from Rev. Charles Kingsley, Mary Howitt, and Sir Emerson Tennant 106 CHAPTER II. MY RECEPTION IN THE NEW COUNTRY. Sailed in the Ocean Cftic/—Religious equality established on board Arrival at Melboiu'ne—Deputation of eighty gentlemen come on board to welcome me—My statement of opinions—Public dinner in Melbourne—The "Backbone and Spinal Marrow" Speech Melbourne in 1855—Public Library—University and Parliament House—^Visit to the Legislative Assembly—Mr. Fellow's Bill Public dinner in Geelong—Letter from Edward Butler—Condition of the Irish in Victoria—Letter from Orion Home—Visit and reception at Sydney—Henry Parkes, James Martin, John Hubert Plunkett, W. B. Dalley, and Edward Butler—Public dinner Declaration of Henry Parkes—John Macnamara—Rev. Mr. West concerning the visit—Parkes' description of all I lost by leaving Sydney—Letter from Rev. J. D. Lang—Letter from Edward Wilson—His Australian projects—Property Qualification—Villiers and Heytesbury Election—Visit to the village of Killarney Speech of George Johnson—State of the poll—^John Mooney's proposal — Letter from Edward Whitty — Letter to William Carleton—Condition of Victoria in 1856 . , 130 — viii CONTENTS CHAPTER III. /JV THE NEW PARLIAMENT. PAGE New Year's Day Levee—Opening of Parliament—The method in which the Governoi- should communicate with Parliament deter- mined—Bill abolishing Property Qualification carried—Select Committee on Federation of the Colonies—Its proposal successful everywhere but in New South Wales—Controversy on the orderly conduct of Parliamentary business—Six cases cited—Errors in building the Victorian Parliament House — Motion respecting Cx-oss Benches — Establishment of Municipal Franchise — Mr. Childers and Mr. Stawell appointed to permanent offices—Fall of the Haines Government—Mr. O'Shanassy commissioned to form an Administration—How the new Government was constituted . 159 CHAPTER IV. IN OFFICE. Why I became a Minister—Remonstrance of the goldfield members against some of the Ministers — Conspiracy among the civil servants—The "No Popery" rumours—Debate, and fall of the Ministry — Letter from Edward Butler — The second Haines Government and their policy—Representation of minorities—Fall of the Government—Second O'Shanassy Government-^PrincipIes of Responsible Government insisted on—Letter from the Chief Secretary, New South Wales—New Reform Bill amended and read unanimously a third time in the Assembly—^The measure rejected in the Upper House—Letter from Mr. Bright on the independence of colonies—Mr. Disraeli on the same subject Industrial projects—Letter from W. K, Sullivan—The New South Wales elections—Dalley and Deniehy—Henry Parkes invited to settle in Victoria—Letters from John Dillon, Edward Whitty, Cashel Hoey, Chief Justice Stawell, Archbishop MacHale, and T. B. MacManus—Lord Palmerston and Mr. O'K Edward Whitty's arrival in Australia—Letter from B. C. Aspinall—Death of Whitty—^The Land Convention and Land League—Cabinet quarrel on the Governor's speech—My serious illness—Depart- mental reforms—Resigned office—Misrepresentationis, letter to the Argus—Generous conduct of the electors at Villiers and Heytesbury-^Letter to Mr. O'Hagan—Debate on my resignation in the new Parliament—Mr. Nicholson authorised to form an Administration offers me a place in it, which I do not accept . 171 CHAPTER V. IN OPPOSITION. " Position of the defeated Government—" The Corner —Organisation of the Opposition—New opinions and desires—Distribution of the business of the party—Political badinage—^The Chinese invasion —Land Bill of new Government—Slow progress—Two Ministers —A CONTENTS Ix PAGE retire—Proposed squatting government—How this project was defeated—Mr. Heales sent for by the Governor, and asks me to take the lead and become Prime Minister—The difficulty about a dissolution — The Nicholson Government remain — Are again defeated, and the Heales Government is formed by the aid of the squatters—Proposal to me to become Speaker declined—The Occupation Licenses—My exposure of their weakness and futility —Mr. Loader's resignation—Dissolution of Parliament—Success of the Government on the goldfields — My election and the elections in the western district—Rally of the new Opposition Haines and O'Shanassy—Defeat of the Heales Government letters from Richard Cobden, Sir Emerson Tennant, John Henry Newman, Sir Arthur Helps, Henry Parkes—Letter from the pro- fessors of the Melbourne University 202 CHAPTER VL A STRONG GOVERNMENT AND LARGE PROJECIS.