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Vol. Eight, No. Two , Ontario July, 1965 This time FIRST INDIAN NAMED she really is! MINISTER'S ASSISTANT The Superintendent General of Indian Affairs, This year, Miss Indian Affairs John R. Nicholson, made history really is - really is Indian! last April when he appointed Leonard S. Marchand, Each spring in Ottawa, employees a member of the Okanagan Band, as his Special of the Indian Affairs Branch choose Assistant. Mr. Marchand is the first Indian to. be "Miss Indian Affairs", a young em- appointed to the personal staff of a Federal Cabmet ployee to represent the Branch in Minister. the Civil Service Recreation Asso- Mr. Marchand will have special duties in the ciation's annual "RA Queen" beauty field of Indian affairs and will help to keep the contest and to preside at the Minister informed of Indian needs and opinions. Branch's parties and special events. He has a Master of Science degree from the University of Idaho and a Bachelor_ of Science Miss Janet Morris, a quiet-spoken degree in Agriculture from the UniversIty of British young secretary from the Eskasoni Columbia. At the time he was appomted, he had Reserve in Nova Scotia, is the worked for some years doing research on range choice this year. She has been em- management at the Agricultural Research Statton ployed in Ottawa since last fall, in , B.C. when she was graduated from the Cape Breton Business College in He also has done a lot to promote closer rel- Sydney. ations between Canadian citizens of Indian and . . non-Indian origin. In 1960 he help- "Ottawa is a very friendly place," WEST MEETS EAST : Leonard Marchand, nght, a Salishan of the ed found the Mika-Nika Club at she says. "I have met several girls Okanagan Band in. BritishColumbia: chats with Leslie .G. Smith, an Upper Kamloops, which helps to. do this in the city while bowling, at lunch Mohawk of the Six Natwns Band in Sou.thern . Ontario who zs an offzcer and to assist generally Indians who counters, and elsewhere, and I have of the Indian Affairs Branch. They are discussing Leslie s eleven-year-old come to the city to live and work. visited them in their homes." son Kyle, whose athletzc abzlzty earned hzm a scholarshzp to a summer He is a member of the North Amer- hockey school run by the Boston Bruins. ican Indian Brotherhood and The She likes to dance, too, and you may be sure there's no shortage of Agricultural Institute of Canada. dancing partners! Mr. Marchand is married and has -Indians serve their .people two children - Lori Anne, aged Janet grew up on the reserve, ...... where her parents and eight brothers three, and Leonard Jr., one year and sisters still live. Her father, old. - Edward Morris, is a carpenter who on staff of Indian Affairs Education Best Leonard Marchand is by no the federal government in the field See BRANCH CHOOSES, page two means the only Indian employed by of Indian Affairs. "The best way to succeed today is through education", he says, "and There are approximately 290 In- the educational program available dians on the staff of the Indian to Canadians Indians is second to Affairs Branch, many in positions none. I used Branch assistance to of considerable responsibility. They go to university, where I managed include officers at headquarters, to learn something about how to Agency Superintendants, Assistant maintain good agricultural land and Superintendants, Community Dev- pastures. Other Indians also go to elopment Officers, teachers, main- university, while many attend voca- tenance superintendents, fire rang- tional schools to learn useful trades. ers, stenographers, clerks, and "I have great faith in the future others. of The Indian people. But I think the key to a prosperous and happy Among the Indian officers at Indian future is the realization that Branch headquarters is Leslie Smith, we are part of the brotherhood of a Mohawk of the Six Nations Res- man and we cannot afford to set erve. One of his brothers is widely ourselves apart from other com- known as the actor who plays Ton- munities. As everything that hap- to, the Lone Ranger's Indian friend, pens to the welfare of Canada affects on television. Les is a very popular officer who has served in the field us, we would be wise to pitch in as an Agency Superintendent and is and help our fellow Canadians to now responsible for providing run the country for the benefit of Branch accommodation and heavy all. Of course it is important to equipment for agencies throughout retain our identity and the parts of our culture that are useful today, Canada. but I think we should consider our- selves as Canadians first, as Indians TWO WORKS OF ART ! See INDIANS, page two second."

NATIONAL Page Two THE INDIAN NEWS July, 1965

Continued from page one ... Indians on staff ·Premier lndien nomme adjoint of Indian Affairs Miss Irene Hoff, an Abenaki of special du Surinteridant· ·general the Odanak Band, Quebec, was a commissioned officer in the armed services. She is in charge of record- Le Surintendant general des In- cabinet d'un ministre federal. M. les Indiens qui viennent s'etablir a ing band elections and bylaws and diens, l'honorable John R. Nichol- Marchand detient un baccalaureat la ville. Le nouvel adjoint est mem- various other administrative duties. son, a cree un precedent de portee en science agricole de l'Universite bre de deux importantes associa- Agency superintendents of In- historique lorsqu'il a demande a M. de la Colombie-Britannique et une tions: la Fraternite indienne nord- dian status include David Grey- Leonard Marchand, de la bande maitrise en science forestiere de ame-ricaine (North American Indian eyes, 51, a Cree of the Muskeg Lake Band, Saskatchewan. He has d'Okanagan, de devenir son adjoint l'Universite d'Idaho. II a travaille Brotherhood) et l'Institut agricole been Superintendent at Touchwood special. C'est la premiere fois qu'un pendant quelques annees a la Sta- du Canada (The Agricultural In- Agency in Saskatchewan since Indien fait partie du personnel du tion de recherches agricoles de stitute of Canada). 1960. Kamloops, en Colombie-Britanni- James Seymour Powless, 55, is que, et il s'est specialise dans la M. Marchand est marie et pere a member of the Six Nations Band. gestion des grands paturages. de deux enfants: Lori-Anne, trois He has had a number of careers - Continued from page one ... ans, et Leonard, un an. auto dealer, soldier, proprietor of M. Marchand s'est efforce depuis his own business, and civil servant. M. Marchand estime que les In- He is now Superintendent of Chris- Branch chooses longtemps de favoriser l'etablisse- tian Island Agency, Ontario. ment de relations plus etroites entre diens feraient bien de beneficier pleinement des avantages que leur les Canadiens d' origines indienne et Aaron Joseph Soney, 45, is a Indian beauty offre la Direction des affaires in- member of the Walpole Island non indienne. En 1960, il a parti- Band. He worked for a number of cipe a la fondation du Centre Mika- diennes, sous forme de conseils is assisted in his work by her two pratiques, d'aide directe ou indi- companies as a machine operator elder brothers, Adrian and Edmund. Nika qui, en plus de veiller a l'eta- and joined the Branch as a clerk in blissement de bonnes relations, aide recte. 1946. He now is Superintendent at Her mother runs a combined Golden Lake Reserve, Ontario. store and restaurant and another Importance de l'education Thomas Reginald Kelly, 51 , a brother, Charles, helps in the store. Haida of the Skidegate Band in There is one married sister, Mrs. "L'education, dit M. Marchand, , has worked as a Fred Sylliboy; two younger bro- Pour choisir est la voie la plus sure du succes teacher, an inspector for the British thers, George, aged 13, and James, et il faut reconnaitre que les ser- Columbia Department of Labour, nine. Youngest in the family are Vera, five, and Arlene, three. un dessin vices d'education qui sont mis and as an Agency Superintendent a la disposition des Indiens com- f6r the Branch. He now is a Com- Les enfants qui aiment dessiner munity Development Officer in Al- As a young girl on the reserve, portent d'excellents programmes. berta. Janet travelled about 13 miles to et inventer et qui souhaitent avoir J'ai beneficie moi-meme de l'ai- l'occasion de faire quelque chose school in East Bay by bus. She was de de la Direction, qui m'a per- busy in several organizations, in- d'utile pour les Indiens, apprendront Varied Career cluding the Girl Guides and the 4-H avec interet qu'un concours national mis de m'inscrire a l'Universite et Isaac Beaulieu, 27, an Ojibway Club. She admits, with regret, that aura lieu en vue de choisir le des- de me specialiser dans le domaine of the Sandy Bay Band, Manitoba, she never learned to make the ex- sin d'une etiquette qui identifiera les des grands paturages. Nombre held various positions in Canada cellent Micmac baskets that her articles de fabrication indienne. d'Indiens frequentent l'universite; and the United States before joining ... mother produces each year for d'autres s'inscrivent dans les ecoles Easter sales. "It takes a very special Le concours, qui debutera a l'au- the Indian Affairs Branch as a Com- d'enseignement professionnel pour y munity Development Officer in Ma- feeling and although I worked hard tomne, est accessible aux enfants de nitoba. I never made anything really good," statut indien et aux autres d'ascen- apprendre des metiers qui leur ser- she says. dance indienne qui frequentent les viront de gagne-pain." Et le nouvel The Reverend Ahab Spence, 53, ecoles elementaires ou secondaires adjoint d'ajouter: "J'ai une con- a Cree of The Pas Band in Mani- au Canada. But she has other talents. As an fiance inebranlable dans l'avenir du toba, is an Archdeacon of the An­ artist, she has had her work ex- glican Church. He recently was ap- hibited in school displays at Sydney Le dessin, qui contribuera a sti- peuple indien, mais je suis convain- pointed to work with the Indian and also at Toronto. She likes to muler la vente d'articles indiens, cu que la cle qui ouvrira aux Indiens beneficiera de la protection du droit Affairs Branch as a Community paint pictures and write little poems un avenir de bonheur et de prospe- d'auteur. Development Officer in Saskatche- to go with them. She makes many rite, c'est la prise de conscience du wan. of her own clothes, too, and once Des recompenses seront decernees fait que nous ne sommes qu'un des won first prize at the 4H festival in The Branch employs 109 persons· aux auteurs du dessin prime dans nombreux de la commu- Sydney for a dress she made. groupes of Indian status in its teaching staff: chaque region et a }'auteur du des- naute humaine et que nous ne de- 50 in Ontario, 20 in Saskatchewan, sin choisi lors de !'evaluation finale 14 in Quebec, nine in British Co- One of the things Janet started des participations. vons pas no us tenir a l' ecart des lumbia, eight in Alberta, seven in on the Reserve continues. That is autres groupes. Manitoba, and one in New Brun- the teen-age dances which are now Le dessin sera simple et devra swick. operated by her brother Adrian. n'employer que trois couleurs. Ce "Tout ce qui peut affecter le The proceeds of these dances go sera une presentation graphique tres "I would like to see many more toward buying equipment for the representative du peuple indien, de bien-etre du Canada nous con- Indians enter the Civil Service, but reserve's volunteer fire brigade. sa culture et du Canada. Toute ins- cerne. II faut done que nous not just in the Branch," says R. F . cription accompagnant le dessin aidions nos freres canadiens a gou- Battle, Assistant Deputy Minister Beauty contests are not new to devra le rattacher a l'art ou a l'arti- verner le pays de la fac;on la plus (Indian Affairs). "All Federal Dep- her. She was just 14 when she was sanat des Indiens du Canada. avantageuse pour tous. Il va sans artments are literally crying for entered by the Eskasoni Band in a trained personnel of many descrip- contest at the Big Cove Reserve to La Direction des affaires indien- dire qu'il nous faut maintenir notre tions. Special treatment or training choose "Miss Micmac" . nes fournira d'autres renseignements identite et nous efforcer de conser- for Indians will not improve the et instructions, ainsi que des formu- ver notre culture et nos traditions. situation materially. Only steadfast She quickly proved her abilities les d'inscription au concours, par J'estime, toutefois, qu'il nous faut dedication to regular education and as a stenographer at Indian Affairs l'entremise des ecoles en septembre. d'abord et avant tout nous conside- training courses, together with a Branch headquarters and is admired D'ici la, les jeunes artistes pourront resolute determination to find and almost (but not quitel) as much for sanger a un dessin qui identifiera rer comme des Canadiens, puis ap- hold employment, will bring the her hard work and efficiency as for nettement les articles de fabrication puyer sur le fait que nous sommes desired results." her charm and beauty. indienne au Canada . Indiens". July, 1965 THE INDIAN NEWS Page Three

The What People nuton are saytng A quarterly newspaper published by the Indian Affairs Branch of the We reprint the following letter from the June 30 edition of The Department of Citizenship and Immigration for free distribution to Cana- St. Clair Gazette and comment on it in our editorial "Gathering the dian Indians. News".

HON. JOHN R. NICHOLSON C. M. ISBISTER I see the dailies persist in refer- Ottawa got here, the dailies had to Deputy Minister of Minister of Citizenship and Immigration and ring to the Industrial Park plan, as report that, the Indians voted Five Superintendent General of Indian Affairs. Citizenship and Immigration. "the brain-child of the local member thousand dollars of their own funds R. F. BATTLE of parliament." Well, they're en- to finance the project. Assistant Deputy Minister (Indian Affairs) titled to their opinion, but it only serves to prove what many Indian Now, all these big write-ups do leaders have often contended to be not fool the thinking Indians of our so, that no matter how educated Band, for we are quite aware of the an Indian may get, his accomplish- provisions of the Indian Act in sec- ments are minimized, except where tion 58 to 66, because previous GATHERIN~G THE NEWS they reflect credit, either to the Councils of the Band repeatedly ad- Department of Indian Affairs or the vanced some practical plans and We reprint onthis page a letter to The St. Clair Gazette from Aylmer educational institution where he, or projects that would have eventually N. Plain of the Sarnia Band. she graduated. produced revenue for our funds. Most requests were denied, again, Mr. Plain's letter contains some very interesting information and The young Indian whose initiat- I suppose because some government points up one of our difficulties in gathering stories for a national Indian ive , and confident thinking sparked man didn't advance the ideas. newspaper. Much of our material comes from employees of the Indian this venture into the realms of po- Affairs Branch in various parts of Canada and it is natural that the in- tential economic security for this It appears that, the powers that formation they provide has something to do with their own work - that's Band of Indians, is a Draftsman- be, consider that an Indian is incap- why they know about it. If a large part of The Indian News has some architect of considerable ability; able of seeing far enough ahead to bearing on Branch programs, that is because we do not often receive there are a few maps of the Plan plan for eventualities. Let me point information from other sources - but we would like to. he visualized, existent yet, and I out, however, that our forefathers, shall bring one to you, and it will unschooled 'tho' they may have The policy of this publication always has been to report on worth- prove the contention which is men- been, foresaw that the best place to while Indian activities and achievements rather than Branch programs. tioned in the previous paragraph. locate their reserved lands was, at In this edition you will read about the Ontario Indian Conference on the the mouth of the river; it behooves Family which was organized and carried out through the energies and Let me illustrate the truth of it; my people, then, to continue being inspiration of Mrs. Ethel Brant Monture and various agencies which she whenever an Indian or group of In- wise and scrutinize very, very care- interested in this important venture. The Branch co-operated in the pro- dians achieve something as a result fully any plans, documents, maps, gram as requested, but can claim no credit for its success. There are of suggestions made by a white man or paraphernalia that has anything stories related to the Canadian Indian Friendship Centre in Toronto, which employed by the government, the to do with, or even appears to, take is the proud accomplishment of Indians and their friends and not a story and pictures appear in the In- any control of our heritage out of creation of Government. In short, we try to provide our readers with dian News, a publication published our hands. news about Indians, concentrating on stories of Indian success in the by the Government. hope that other Indians will feel inspired to seek similar success. Should any of these capital funds But, many residents of Sarnia are be spent, it must be made certain We would be delighted to receive news from Indians, for this is in- aware of real democratic integration that returns in excess of the amount tended to be an Indian publication. We cannot promise to print every- being practiced on the Government expended shall be in prospect. thing we receive because this small paper currently comes out only four Docks by the Seaway Forwarding times a year. If our Indian readers will write to us, however, we shall use Agencies Limited, where . ability is Again, I conclude, with a word what we can, also gaining wisdom and familiarity with the Indian people recognized, be the man white or of appreciation for the persistence from the rest. Indian; One of the assistant super- of Mr. Foy in persuading the Indian intendents is a member of our Band, Affairs Branch to send someone to two of the gang foremen are In- discuss this propect with our Coun- - .- dians, while several of the fork-lift cil. If good comes of it, he deserves operators (Indians) may be said to his measure of credit. be second to none in ability; many DESIGN CONTEST of the winch-operators are Indian Aylmer N. Plain boys, and it's a thrill to watch them Children who like to draw and design things and want a chance to operate the newest one-man cranes that some of the newer ships have; - . - do something worthwhile for the Indian people will be interested in a nation-wide competition for a design to label Indian crafts. the secretary and treasurer of the Longshoreman's Union are Indians, but. is mention ever made in the Indian Columnist The competztwn, which will begin this fall, is open to children of Indian News about these accom- Indian status and others of Indian ancestry who attend elementary or plishments, or the fact that just A new Indian newspaper colum- secondary. schools in Canada. about half of the number of men nist has appeared on the scene. He working for Seaway are Indians? is Chief Herb Manuel of the Upper The design will be copyrighted for use in promoting and protecting Nicola Indian Band, Chairman of the sale of Indian crafts. No; and I suppose the reason is, the Agency Council and vice-pres- because the Indians themselves ident of the North American In- Prizes will be awarded for the winning design produced in each chose to go and work for Seaway, dian Brotherhood. region and for the overall winning design. and no governmental man or agency got the job for them. Chief Manuel, who is married The design should be simple, containing not more than three colours. with three children, runs a ranch It should . be a graphic image which will be clearly identified with the Now that is off my chest, let me near Douglas Lake, B.C. Indian people, their culture, and Canada. Any wording used in asso- get back to the Plan. Has it dawned ciation with the design should identify it with Canadian Indian art or crafts. on any of your readers, or readers His first column appeared in the of the dailies, that there was much June 2 edition of the Merritt Herald. The Indian Affairs Branch will supply more details, rules, and entry ballyhoo, of how the M.P. was going In it, he points out the honours forms through the schools in September. In the meantime, some of you to get help at the governmental and achievements of Indians today young artists might think about a design that will be recognized through- leveL to finance the cost of a sur- and the proud history of which they out Canada as a guaranty of genuine Indian craftsmanship. vey? And then, when the man from are heirs . Page Four THE INDIAN NEWS July, 1965 ADVISORY COUNCILS ELECTED Indian voice to _government

Indian Advisory Councils, elected recently by Indians across Canada to represent them in regular discus- sions with government officials on Indian Affairs Branch programs and government policies, held their first meetings recently. Advisory Councils now have been MARITIME INDIAN ADVISORY COUNCIL: Chief Charles Francis, Eskasoni Band; Mrs. E. Mac- formed in the Maritimes, Quebec, Frow row, left to right - Chief Ben E. Christmas, Donald, secretary; Chief Frank Jadis, Lennox Island Ontario, Manitoba, Saskatchewan, Sydney Band; Charles Bernard, Whycocomagh Band; Band; Richard McEwan, Bear River Band; Wallace Alberta, British Columbia and the Chief Wilfred Prosper, Afton Band; R. F. Battle, As- Labillois, Eel River Band; F. B. McKinnon, Indian sistant Deputy Minister (Indian Affairs); Chief Frank Affairs Branch; Charles Bernard, Edmundston Band; Northwest Territories. Paul, Burnt Church Band; L. L. Brown, Indian Affairs Harold Sappier, Saint Mary's Band; V. J. Caissie, Branch; Andrew Francis, Big Cove Band; John Ber- Indian Affairs Branch. Members Elected nard, Shubenacadie Band. Back row, left to right - These councils are composed of from eight to 12 members elected by the bands of the various regions. The chairman and other officers, including a representative on the National Indian Advisory Board, are elected from among the mem- bers of the councils. Only Indians are eligible for membership on the councils. The Assistant Deputy Minister (Indian Affairs) has attended the first meetings of a number of these councils. They talked mostly about the services they can perform and about the various discussions going on with the provinces about extend- ing provincial services to Indians. Generally, the main duty of the councils is to provide advice on im- portant matters at either the pro- vincial or national level. These in- clude government policy, suggested INDIAN ADVISORY COUNCIL, QUEBEC Branch; Jules D'Astous, Indian Affairs Branch; R. F. (the head-phones were used for instantaneous French Battle, Assistant Deputy Minister (Indian Affairs); L. legislation and federal-provincial and English translation) : Left to right - Hardy Black- L. Brown, Indian Affairs Branch; Chief James Gaspe, agreements, new programs and sug- smith, Waswanipi Band; Daniel Vachon, Indian Af- Oka Band; G. H. Roy, Indian Affairs Branch; Chief gested changes in current programs. fairs Branch; Chief Angus Mitchell, St. Regis Band; Andrew Delisle, Caughnawaga Band; Jean Marie Michael McKenzie, Brennan Lake Band; Majella Bacon, Bersimis Band; A urelien Gill, Montagnais of Helpful Advice Gros Louis, Hurons of Lorette Band; C. R. Nadeau, Lake St. John Band; Harry Flamand, Manowan Band; Indian Affairs Branch; R. L. Boulanger, Indian Affairs William Wysote, Restigouche Band. They will give the government an additional way of consulting with Indians and it is expected that they will be able to give advice that will help make the administration of In- dian affairs more effective. The councils do not take the place of band councils, of course, and it is not expected that their formation will result in fewer meet- ings with band councils to discuss local affairs. In fact, it is expected that the experience gained during the meetings of the Regional Coun- cils and the National Indian Ad- ALBERTA INDIAN ADVISORY COUNCIL: R. D. Ragan, Indian Affairs Branch; L. L. Brown, Left to right - Chief Maurice McDougall, Peigan visory Band will improve the quality Indian Affairs Branch; Ernest Ennow, Cold Lake Band; Mike Oka, Blood Band; Howard Beebe, Blood Band; Chief James Starlight, Sarcee Band; Chief Cla- and value of local discussions Band; Edward Bellerose, Driftpile Band; John Bull- rence McHugh, Blackfoot Band; Sam Bird, Paul Band; between band councils and the field dog, Boyer River Band; Mrs. L. Webber, Secretary; Alphonse Pische, Cree Band, and Narcisse Mackinaw, staff of the Indian Affairs Branch. R . F. Battle, Assistant Deputy Minister (Indian Affairs); Ermineskin Band. July, 1965 THE INDIAN NEWS Page Five

New doctor Six Nations won an all-Indian stays at the Indian Student Res- hockey tournament at Wiarton, Hl ere&ITher e idence and attends Portage Col- Ontario, early in March by out- legiate. She was nominated by the scoring the Sarnia team in a spir- Y ellowquill Community Club, of for Mohawks ited final. Teams also competed The Dokis Band in northern which she is a member. Clare Brant, a member of the from Cape Croker, Walpole Ontario spent about $6,500 on fully equipped, portable camps Mohawks of the Bay of Quinte Island, and Kettle Point. * * * Band in Ontario, became one of for a large timber operation last Canada's few Indian doctors last winter. Workmen's compensation * * * coverage was obtained for all Simon Charlie, Cowichan car- spring when he received a medical ver, really worked fast when com- their workers. degree from Queen's university. Fourteen women at Island Lake, missioned to carve a 20-foo t to- Manitoba, took a one-month course tem pole as a gift from the Dep- The son of Mr. and Mrs. Bert in fish net hanging, and adapted artment of Trade and Commerce Brant, Dr. Brant is the fifth in a very well to this skilL During the * * * to the City of Sydney, Australia. family of 10 children to obtain a training period, they hung 171 nets. He secured the special log, carved university degree. A total of 2,500 nets will have been Queen of Portage la Prairie's and painted it, and crated it in hung this spring and early summer sprightly winter carnival was Miss just four weeks so that it would Although he received financial to supply the Island, God's Lake Maria Garson of Fisher River, who reach Australia in time. assistance from the Indian Affairs and Oxford fisheries. Net mending, Branch, his family also helped to dyeing and general maintenance is support his studies. Dr. Brant had planned for future training. wanted to be a doctor ever since ively group of women confers public school days. He thinks that * * perhaps the fact that one of his sisters is a nurse had something to Chief Alvin Weget of the Kis- on problems of family life do with his ambition. piox Band has been elected to Canadian newspapers were tinguished people talk about family serve a second term on the filled, last April, with the comments problems in simple, down-to-earth Wrinch Memorial Hospital Board and opinions of a small group of language. Indians who held few, if any, of- President of Students at Hazelton, B.C. "I felt that it would be very use- ficial positions. Yet they held po- ful for Indians to have a conference sitions of great importance to so- on the family and began to interest During his high school studies at * * * ciety they were mothers. Quinte District Secondary School others." A booth featuring Indian hand- There were 26 of them, from 12 in Belleville, he was active in stu- Visited Reserves dent affairs. A four-year member icrafts was operated during the Ontario reserves, attending an In- of the student council, he was elect- Simon Fraser Days and Exhibition dian Conference on the Family to Mrs. Monture talked to groups ed president in his final year. at Prince George, B.C., which don- discuss "our place in the Canadian on various Ontario reserves, sug- ated the booth free of charge for society". The conference was con- gesting that mothers of young chil- The young doctor will spend the the use of the Takla Lake, N ecoslie ceived and organized by Ethel Brant dren get together to discuss their next year interning at Kingston and Fraser Lake Bands. It was Monture, Mohawk lecturer, author, problems and how they can best General Hospital and hopes to do tended by two Indian women and and Indian Consultant to The Can- help their children and their com- post-graduate work before setting up besides making a profit, it stimulated adian Council of Christians and munities. She urged that Home- his own practice. public interest in Indian handiwork. Jews, which sponsored the week- makers' Clubs and other reserve or- long meeting. ganizations co-operate by arranging Two of Dr. Brant's older bro- * * * "I was inspired to do this last to look after the young children for thers, Reginald and Herbert, have year when I attended the Confer- a few days so that their mothers degrees in Business Administration. Chief Rufus Goodstriker of the ence on the Family sponsored by could attend the conference. A sister, Lorraine, is a graduate in Blood Band in Alberta has started His Excellency, The Governor The 26 women who attended Nursing Science and another sister, a plan to supply the raw materials General, and Madame Vanier," said touched, between them, 62 young Marlene, holds a Master's degree in for handicraft work to handicapped Mrs. Monture. "It was a thrill to children. They met in Toronto, Social Welfare. persons on the Reserve. hear eminent judges and other dis- with their transportation paid for by The Canadian Council of Chris- tians and Jews . The Society of Friends (Quakers) donated the use of a large house and the Cana- dian Army lent cots . A .number of well-informed speakers led lively discussion groups during which the women spoke frankly about Indian problems. Their comments, as reported in the newspapers, gave much publicity to the Conference. They were entertained by a num- ber of groups and charmed every- one with their easy manners and lively wit. "They went to tea with the Junior League, which has as members many of Toronto's socially prominent young women," recalled Mrs. Monture. "Within a few minutes, you couldn't tell a Junior Leaguer from a conference del- egate." The Ontario conference was an. experiment. The delegates will INDIAN ADVISORY COUNCIL, ONTARIO: son Jr., Six Nations Band; Lorenzo Big Canoe, Geor- make extensive reports . to Mrs. ., Sitting, left to right - G. S. Lapp, Indian Affairs gina Island Band; Omer Peters, Moravian Band; R. Monture after they have been back Branch; James Debassige, Manitoulin Island Band; T.' F. Battle, Assistant Deputy Minister (Indian Affairs); on their reserves for a while. lf L. Bonnah, Indian Affairs Branch; Miss Lynn Barn- William Meawasige, Sault Ste. Marie Band; Monroe their reports show that the meeting father, secretary; Michael Bernard, Golden Lake Band; Linklater, Moose Factory Band; Ralph Bruyere, Cou- was a success, Mrs. Montifre hop.es Louis Wesley, Lac .Seul Band. Standing, left to right chiching Band;; Wilmer Nadjiwon, Cape Croker Band. to arrange.forsimilar confrences - L. L. Brown, Indian Affairs Branch; Arthur Ander- in other parts of Canada:.. Page Six THE INDIAN NEWS July, 1965 TORONTO ATTRACTS MANY INDIANS Warm welcome and assistance given at Friendship Centre If you drew a circle 50 miles tion, handicraft projects, and an across with the city of Toronto in A.A. (Alcoholics Anonymous) the centre, you would enclose more program, employment assistance, people than there are in all of Nova counselling, and court work. Scotia, Prince Edward Island, New Indians have visited the Centre Brunswick, Manitoba, Saskatche- wan and Alberta combined. from as many as 59 Ontario centres as well as various places in New There are many industries and Brunswick, Prince Edward Island, other activities in this area and Quebec, Manitoba, Alberta, and people come from all over Canada British Columbia. and from other parts of the world. The Centre is financed by private Indians gather there too. Accord- contributions and grants from the ing to the Canadian Indian Centre federal and Ontario governments. of Toronto, "there are between Indian Club 5,000 and 6,000 North American Indians in the city of Toronto. The North American Indian Club These people may be resident, of Toronto, which has been estab- others just passing through. Some lished for a number of years and come to stay, find work, take had a large part in founding the courses at school, ·learn new skills, Centre, has moved its headquarters move to areas for seasonal work or there and has charge of the Centre's return home." social program. A number of people, both In- The Centre is a "home away dians and non-Indians, volunteer ELSIE LICKERS CHATS WITH DAVID OSSAWABINE, MANITOULIN ISLAND from home" for Indians who come their services to this valuable work. to the city. It was started two years One of them, a woman from the ago by Indians and interested non- Six Nations Reserve, described the Indians and its activities continue to importance of the Centre to Indians Elsie Lickers happy and busy grow. in this way: Last year about 10,000 Indians "There appears to be a desire to helping newcomers to city visited the Centre for help, advice, meet someone from your own sur- or simply friendly contacts. Its ac- roundings or maybe some one who The Centre's counselling and About a third of these people had tivities include outdoor games·, can talk your language, most of all court work is carried out by Miss just arrived from reserves, other skating, swimming and gym, carried to feel wanted. Elsie Lickers, a Seneca from the cities or towns all across Canada. on outside the Centre. There is a Six Nations Reserve in Ontario. fine social program all through the "Man is a social creature, in Many of them want financial aid, winter months, with an average pleasant surroundings he has relax- This young woman was a suc- a place to live, or a job. attendance of 200 in a seven-day ation, satisfaction in giving and ex- cessful public servant before she week. There are projects in educa- changing ideas." accepted an invitation to do social Miss Lickers helps them when work for the Centre. As a Senior she can, or tells them where to go Accounts Clerk for the Ontario for the help they need. Hospital Services Commission, in charge of a section of eight em- She has good contacts with a Education and training work magic ployees, she used to travel through- number of companies that occasion- out Ontario to help business firms ally hire Indians, and some individ- for young people coming to city keep hospital accounts and statistics uals who are pleased to employ girls on their staffs. for house work. "Education" and "training" are Sponsored by the Indian Affairs magic words to the young Indian Branch, young Indians go to univer- Now, however, she is very happy Friend in Court people who come to Toronto either sity; study electronics, radio and (and busy!) helping her fellow In- Two morning a week are spent in to seek employment or to train for television at institutes of technology; dians adjust to city life. court, where she works with Legal it. The magic of the words is found take such courses as business ad- Aid to make sure that any Indians in the fact that a person nearly al- ministration, stenography, and the Last year, she gave 752 inter- in trouble with the law are helped ways needs one or the other to find operation of business machines at views to Indians and worked with when possible. She often works a job in the city. business schools; go to trade schools 532 people who had specific needs. with these people afterwards to help to learn hairdressing, welding, motor them ad just more successfully to city Since last September, about 150 mechanics, barbering, building con- them decide what courses they life. All of the offences committed young men and women have taken struction, butchering, upholstering, should take. Such students may by Indians appear to be influenced up some type of training in Toronto. receive a clothing and personal al- by alcohol, she says; very few face Over 3Q of these have- completed or other skills; a few are attending art school. lowance, as well as free medical serious charges. their training and found jobs while services. most of the rest are still training. Also, about 60 are enrolled in the Although in most of her inter- Adult Retraining Scheme sponsored Few Drop Out views she just gives information or Where do they come from? A Of the 60students who entered young Blood hails from the foothills jointly by the federal and provincial friendly advice, she says that oc- governments. This course is espe- the Adult Retraining course since casionally her visitors need "a good of Alberta. A 25-year-old Cree last September, only nine dropped made the long trek south from Moo- cially valuable to adults who were talking-to", which she gives if nec- unable to get enough specialized out. This is considered a lower rate essary. sonee, Ontario, to take a course in if of drop-outs than that for non-In- business administration. From Len- training in their teens. Now, they have Grade X education, there is a dians. Other young people attend- Other visitors want just a sym- nox Island; Prince Edward Island, a wide variety of trades open to those ing trade courses in private schools pathetic listener to hear of their Micmac girl enrolled in a clerical are completing their training and anxieties and activities. A need of course. Naturally, the majority of who are willing to stay on the course. finding employment. They can be many Indians, she says, is silence these students are Ontario residents, helped to find suitable work with - the companionable silence of representing most of the reserves in The Indian Affairs Branch em- the aid of various public and private somebody who, they feel, under- the province from the large Six ploys a vo cational counseiior to ad- placement agencies. When neces- stands them. And, as an under- Nations Reserve ,near Brantford to vise Indians coming to Toronto how sary, funds are available for living standing Indian, she hears their the tiny Mobert Reserve in the Cha- to adjust to city life and, along with expenses until the first pay cheque problems or sits with them in silen- pleau district. the school guidance officer, helps is received. ce as the occasion demands. July 1965 THE INDIAN NEWS Page Seven CNE planning Monture ioins board on hunting rights Indian show Dr. G. C. Monture, a well-known One of the main features of the Mohawk of the Six Nations Band Canadian National Exhibition in in Ontario, has been appointed to Toronto this year will be an exhibit a federal government committee to called "Famous Canadian Indians". study game and fish regulations and their effect on Indian rights. The exhibit is the work of an all- The committee, announced rec- Indian committee of which the dis- ently by the Superintendent General tinguished Canadian scientist, Dr. of Indian Affairs, will find out what Gilbert C. Monture of the Six Na- regulations are in violation of treaty tions Band, is chairman. rights and recommend actions that ·"We want to show the great may be necessary to restore these beauty and validity of the Indian rights. It will also assess the effect philosophy and way of life for our such actions would have on Cana- times . . . to the non-Indian for his da's fish and game resources. enlightenment, and to the Indian Chairman of the Committee is to restore his pride of being," says E. R. Olson of the Department of Art Solomon of Sudbury, who is Justice and other members represent co-ordinating the exhibit. "The the Department of Citizenship and essential thing about this program Immigration, the Department of is that we will do it our way, other- INDIAN NURSING SPECIALIST: Miss Ruth Cyr, teacher of Northern Affairs and National Re- wise it will not be valid." Psychiatric Nursing, checks the work of Nurse D . Copeland. Miss Cyr sources, the Department of Fisher- is a member of the Pasqua Band, Saskatchewan. The project will encompass the ies, the Department of External arts, crafts and culture of Canada's Affairs, and the Royal Canadian Indians. Its keynote will be a per- Mounted Police. manent collection of Canadians who Prair1e Indian in Toronto have made significant and lasting elude great Indians of both past and contributions to their country and to present. It is intended to add more teaches Psychiatric Nursing mankind, as well as their own In- portraits each year. dian people. It is expected that at least 500,- The pretty, dark-eyed little wo- wants to continue her studies toward Toronto artist Irma Coucill is 000 people will visit the display, man who teaches Psychiatric Nurs- a Bachelor of Nursing Science working on the portraits. Those which also will show Indian indus- ing to student nurses at Toronto's degree, specializing in nursing edu- who will be so honoured have not trial achievements and other sam- large St. Michael's Hospital is a cation. all been chosen yet. They will in- ples of their accomplishments. long way from home. She is Miss Ruth Cyr, 27, a member of the Pasqua Indian Band in Saskatchewan, where her parents, Mr. and Mrs. Antoine Cyr, still farm. Miss Cyr knows her subject well . She has a Nursing diploma in Teaching and Supervision from the University of Saskatchewan, grad- uated as a Psychiatric Nurse from - the Saskatchewan Hospital at North Battleford, and as a Registered Nurse from St. Paul's Hospital School of Nursing. Her early edu- cation was at the Lebret Indian Residential School. She enjoys the city, where she has an opportunity to visit art gal- leries and see "good" motion pic- tures. She also likes reading, walk- ing, knitting and skating. Two brothers are also interested in the work of making people well. Kenneth, 25, is an X-ray technician and Clayton, 23, is a combined X- ray and laboratory technician. Despite her accomplishments, Miss Cyr is not yet satisfied. She

INVENTOR Nelson Murdoch, a Mohawk of the Six Nations Indian Band, has been granted a patent in the United States for a safety device for work- ers in high steel construction. The device is a safety clamp to replace AT HOME IN THE CITY: Toronto is a happy right, Miss Marcella Fisher, who is studying to be a the hand-tied knot used to connect place for these young ladies from Manitoulin Island, hair dresser; Miss Priscilla Hill, who works as a clerk the worker's safety belt to a lifeline. who share living expenses at an apartment in one oj for the Bell Telephone Company; Miss Phyllis Kino- Mr. Murdoch, who now lives in the city's fine residential areas. They enjoy motion shameg, a secretary for the Ontario Department of Niagara Falls, has been in this kind pictures, dancing and the many social events at the Agriculture, and Miss Jeannette Corbiere, secretary of work since 1927. Canadian Indian Friendship Centre. They are, left to and receptionist at the Canadian Indian Centre . Page Eight THE INDIAN NEWS July, 1965 Walpole Island begins venture in governing its own affairs

It would be hard to choose the most progressive Indian Band in Canada, but the Walpole Island Band in southern Ontario must come pretty close.

Last April, the Superintendent of Walpole Island Indian Agency FLOYD BUFFALO moved from the Reserve. His office now is used by the Band's own ad- Hohbema bands ministrative staff. The Band Council had been act jointly working toward self-government for a number of months and still is on problems moving cautiously toward full con- trol under Chief Burton Jacobs. The four bands of Hobbema In- dian Agency in Alberta solve many Created in 1940 by amalgamating of their common problems in reg- a band of Potawatomies and another ular meetings of a Four-Band of Ojibways, the 1 ,400-odd com- Council. HOW IT BEGAN: The Walpole Island Band Council met last munity has accomplished a lot in The Council meets every second March with Branch officials to plan a program oj self-government. Par- the last few years. month with Chief James Bull of the ticipants at the meeting were, seated, left to right, Councillor Albert Louis Bull Band, Chief Bob Small- Nahdee, Councillor Freeman Wright, Chief Burton Jacobs, Councillor Not long ago, wild ponies roamed boy of the Ermineskin Band, Chief Simpson Brigham; standing, left to right, Councillor Parker Pinnance, all over the Island, which was lar- Sam Curry of the Montana Band, Councillor Cecil Johnson, Councillor Edison Isaac, V. 0. Robinson, In- gely unused. Today a large part of Chief Jacob Louis of the Samson dian Affairs Branch; Councillor Nealand Johnson, W. J. Brennan, Indian the Reserve is under cultivation and Band and all their councillors in Affairs Branch; Councillor Clarence Oliver, L. L. Brown, Indian Affairs the huge duck marsh is managed attendance. Branch; Councillor Joseph Tooshkenig, Councillor Joseph Sands. by the Band so as to provide in- Among the principal matters for come from sportsmen. joint discussion is the operation of graduate of the Crowfoot Indian Pigeon Lake Reserve, which the Residential School on the Black- In 1962, a planned community bands hold in common. They foot Reserve, where she specialized housing project was begun as part operate two public camp grounds in business education. She is active of a 25-year development plan. In and a riding stable on this reserve. in the Women's Sewing Club on her addition to the housing, a water Other matters include land, housing, Reserve and is Secretary of the distribution system was installed to the operation of the Four-Band Louis Bull Young People's Asso- supply the newly-built homes and scouts, or special constables, and ciation. others nearby. road maintenance. Mrs. Agnes Ermineskin, the Er- Central Office mineskin Band Secretary, is a Since 1961, the Band has oper- graduate of McTavish Business Col- ated its own welfare program under The four bands, which have au- Provincial legislation, just as non- thority to handle their own budgets, lege. She is a member of the Cath- olic Women's Club at the Ermin- Indian municipalities. have set up a central office with an THERESA BULL and MELVIN POTTS all-Indian staff. eskin Band Peace Hills Credit Union. It also is taking over, along with Administrator and office man- married, and has two children. He numerous other responsibilities, the ager is Floyd Buffalo, 23, who is plays for the Montana Warriors Mrs. Mary Louis, who also works control of a $125,000 revolving married and has one child. A mem- hockey team and is secretary of the Montana Rodeo Committee. out of the Four-Band office, is the loan fund. In operating this fund ber of the Samson Band, he is a Samson Band's welfare worker. A graduate of Ermineskin Indian Res- for the benefit of members, the Mrs. Theresa Bull is the Louis graduate of the Blue Quills Indian Council will be required to approve idential School and McTavish Bus- Bull Band Secretary. She is a Residential School at St. Paul, Al- iness College in Edmonton. He all loans and to ensure that the berta, she has received training from loans are repaid. worked in the office of the Fort the Indian Affairs Branch's staff of Vermilion Indian Residential School social workers and works in close and as a hospital orderly before TRIP TO PARIS liaison with the provincial welfare The Band's own "civil service" being employed by the Four-Band office in Wetaskiwin. is an all-Indian staff administered Council. Oscar Whiskeyjack, 18, a six- by Leighton Hopkins, a member of foot Cree from Saddle Lake, Alber- the Moravian Band who is a gra- Mr.- Buffalo, who is a qualified ta, was off to France recently on a instructor in recreation, organized a duate of a special Leadership vacation which he won through his Training course at St. Francis men's keep-fit course that met once skill as an artist. a week on his Reserve. He played Xavier University in Nova Scotia. last winter with the Hobbema All- The talented young man won the trip in a contest sponsored by the Stars, which won the Alberta Indian Mr. T. L. Bonah, Regional Su- Hockey Championship. He attend- town of St. Paul, Alberta, where he pervisor of Indian Agencies in ed the Agency's leadership training attends school. course during the winter and last Southern Ontario, who helped in April was elected to the Samson St. Paul paid certain expenses, transferring authority to the Band Band Council. Canada's Centennial Commission Council, states that the experiment paid the rail fares for Oscar and his at Walpole Island has interested a Melvin Potts, of the Montana chaperone, Rev. Victor Le Calvez. number of bands in the area, which Band, also is a graduate of McTa- Air France flew them across the are considering doing the same vish Business College. He is 23, ocean by jetliner. AGNES ERMINESKIN thing .