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Acara 74–5 Agartala Conspiracy Case 119–20 Aggravating Factors Index Acara 74–5 Criminal responsibility 58, 59, 190 Agartala conspiracy case 119–20 Criminal tribes 103, 105, 106, 110 Aggravating factors 56, 57, 60, 82, 95, Criminal Tribes Act, 1871 103 188, 189, 191, 201, 205, 206, 209, 213, Critical legal studies See, cls 215, 216, 217 Cruelty to Women (Deterrent Punishment) A. K. Badrul Huq, J. 215, 221 Ordinance, 1983 137, 140 Alternative penal tactics 112, 117, 120, 121, 122, Customary law 74–5, 97, 114, 115 130, 148, 154, 155, 156, 157, 158, 168, 223, 224, 225, 231 Danda 73, 78, 80 Andaman Islands 100, 110, 111, 113, 114 Dangerous offenders 33 Arthasastra 79 Death penalty 11, 61–4, 78, 78, 80, 81, 83, 85, Ashworth, Andew 1, 2, 3, 10, 16, 17, 18, 29, 33, 86, 87, 91, 92, 93, 94, 104, 111, 118, 124, 34, 39, 40, 44, 48, 51, 52, 53, 54, 56, 57, 127, 129, 131, 133, 135, 136, 137, 140, 141, 59, 68, 81, 148, 151, 171, 181, 201, 206, 226 143, 161, 178, 180, 183, 185, 186, 187, 192–4, Awami League 117, 121, 138, 139, 140, 141, 144, 201–32 145, 152 Death penalty mitigation See, Ayub Khan 115, 117, 118, 119, 120 Commutation of death penalty Deconstruction 7 Bail 124, 126, 140, 141, 143, 155, 202 Derrida, Jacques 23, 68 Bangabandhu 119, 121, 123–31, 133, 138, 141 Desert theory 39, 40, 57, 175–6, 181 Bangladesh Collaborators (Special Tribunals) Determinism 58, 59, 190 Order, 1972 124–5, 126, 127, 133, 134, 181 Deterrence theory 28, 29–32, 41, 43, 49, 57, Bangladesh Nationalist Party See, bnp 63, 73, 80, 89, 110, 120, 133, 137, 154, 169, Bangladesh Scheduled Offences (Special 170, 171, 172, 173, 174, 175, 176, 181, 182 Tribunals) Order, 1972 126–7, 128, 178 Dharma 72–4, 75, 77, 80, 82, 106, 114, 158, 233 Battle of Plassey 70, 97 Dharmasastra(s) 74, 75, 76, 78, 79, 80, 81, Bentham, Jeremy 8, 29, 49, 101 82, 94 Beccaria, Cesare 8, 23, 24 Disparity in sentencing practices 3–5, 33, Bichar sabha 76, 159 34, 53, 56, 63, 82, 87, 112, 184, 191, 205, Blood money 79, 80, 86, 87, 91, 106 210, 218, 219, 220, 221, 222, 226 bnp 138, 139, 140, 141, 152 Distributive justice 47 Diyat See, Blood money Cardinal proportionality 51 Dowry 134, 137, 173, 174, 231, 232 cls 7, 21, 39, 59 Dowry Prohibition Act, 1980 134, 184 Code of Criminal Procedure, 1898 124, 148, Durkheim, Emile 6 169, 189, 196, 201, 203, 204, 221, 226 Cohen, Stanley 3, 8, 9, 15, 17, 27, 40, 65 East India Company 70, 97–101, 104, 105, 115 Collaborator(s) 123–4, 127, 130, 133–4, 144 Elias, Norbert 7, 26 Colonel Taher 132, 135, 157 Elective Bodies (Disqualification) Order, 1959 Commutation of death penalty 111, 202, 203, 119, 120 205, 206, 207, 208, 209, 210, 211, 212, 213, Enforced disappearance 1, 45, 155 214, 215, 216, 217, 218, 219, 220, 221 European penal reform movement 3, 8 Criminalisation 16, 17–22, 25, 46, 87, 106, Expiation See, Prayaschitta 117, 119, 146, 147, 148, 158, 225 Extrajudicial killing 130, 142, 145, 150, 154, Criminal law inflation 17, 147, 155, 156, 157, 223 <UN> 442 Index Fatawa-i-Alamgiri 83, 84, 95 Lacey, Nicola 1, 6, 8, 10, 15, 19, 22, 42, 46, 47, Fine 61, 66–7, 78, 86, 94, 113, 170, 195, 196, 197 50, 54, 58, 60 Fiqh 83 Law and Order Disruption Crimes (Speedy Free will 58–60, 190 Trial) Act, 2002 142, 145, 185, 196 Legal moralism 19–22, 105, 146–7 Garland, David 5, 6, 7, 8, 10, 11, 14, 15, 25, 26, Liberalism 18, 87, 147 27, 30, 32, 45, 72, 147 Lex talionis 38, 48, 60 Genealogy 7 Lord Macaulay See, Macaulay General deterrence 29, 31 General Yahiya 115, 120 Macaulay 101, 102, 104, 109, 110, 146, 177, 178, General Ziaur Rahman 132, 133, 134, 135, 136 179, 184, 192 Governing through crime 105–6, 227 Madhab 83, 86, 88 Government of India Act, 1935 115 Mala in se 43, 77, 106, 227 Gravity of offence 36, 39, 49–51, 55, 56, 57, Mala prohibita 43, 77, 106, 227 66, 67, 89, 127, 148, 172, 177, 179, 180, 181, Mandatory death sentence 140, 141, 183, 185, 183, 186, 187, 188, 194, 229 186, 187, 193, 194 Guideline judgment 186, 187 Mandatory punishment law 53, 101, 140, 141, 183, 185, 186, 187, 193, 194, 195 Hadd 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 92, 95, 100 Martinson, Robert 35, 36 Harm principle 18–22, 146–7 Martial Law Regulations 118, 120, 131, 132, Hart, H.L.A 16, 19, 20, 29, 31, 42 133, 134, 136 Hegel, Georg Wilhelm Friedrich 8, 37, 38 Marx, Karl 6 Hindu law 71, 72–82, 96 Md. Abdul Matin, J. 221 Hood, Roger 3, 4, 5, 14, 32, 33, 34, 45, 46, 53, Md. Joynul Abedin, J. 210, 221 61, 201, 217, 229 Mercy 23–5, 94, 120, 188 Hudson, Barbara A. 4, 5, 8, 10, 14, 36, 39, 44, Mill, John Stuart 8, 18, 21 58, 59 Mitigating factors absence of prior criminality 209–10 Ilbert Bill of 1883 109 delay in execution 11, 206–9 Indemnity Ordinance, 1975 131, 141 family circumstances 210–6 International Crimes (Tribunals) Act, 1973 socio-economic background 59–60, 190 127, 144–5 tender age 210–2, 214 Imprisonment 50, 60, 61, 64–6, 67, 68, 78, Monopoly of violence 26–7, 96–7, 114, 156, 86, 93, 101, 109, 110, 117, 118, 124, 133, 135, 160, 166, 234 137, 142, 155, 174, 176, 178, 180, 181, 183, Mufti(s) 99, 100 185, 186, 187, 191, 194, 195, 196, 197, 202, Muhtasib 83 203, 204, 205, 207, 208, 214, 217, 226 Muslim League 124 Incapacitation theory 28, 32–3, 43, 65, 154, 176 Nandakumar case 104 Narcotics Control Act, 1990 137, 181, 184, 188 Jamaat-e-Islami 1, 24 Nawab(s) 70, 71, 97, 98 Jatiya Rakkhi Bahini 125–6, 130, 132, 157 Niti 75, 223 Just desert theory See, Desert theory Norrie, Alan 7, 8, 10, 16, 58, 59, 98, 166 Nyaya 75, 223 Kant, Immanuel 8, 23, 24, 37, 38 Karma 73, 80 Offence principle 18–9, 22 Khaleda Zia 138 Operation clean heart 141 Khondaker Mushtaq Ahmed 131–2 Operation searchlight 121 <UN>.
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