Proach The Qospel to Every Creature."—MARK XVI, 15,

VOL. LX PITTSBURGH, THURSDAY, NOVEMBER 36, 1903. NO. 46

PLANS OF PIUS X. tax the energies of several successive Pontiffs; but those who know the Holy Father know that his powers of work and organization are truly marvellous, and it may well ST. PETER'S BASILICA. Change« He May Make In Church Administra.. be that he will live to see them all realized. In conclu- Hon—London Tablet Says Ancient rune, sion the correspondent of The Tablet wishes to state that The Noble« Tempi« Ever He*red by Human he has endeavored to describe as accurately as possible Hands The Majestic Dome Which Seame tione ot Primates WlU be Revlved-In what has been told him, but as the subject Is vast and the Propaganda. complex, he may possibly not be absolutely exact on all Built for Everlasting—The Creation points. of Michael Angelo. People have generally made up their minds that the Pontificate of Pius X. is to be one of quiet progress along No better pen-picture of Rome, St Peter's and the He Died Peer. places hallowed by the blood of the martyrs, has been the lines laid down by Leo XIII and his predecessors, Archbishop Kaln died poor, as every priest should. written than that of the writer, Geale, who thus express- without any great changes or important initiatives. This The Catholics of the world abhor a rich ecclesiastic. It es his feelings, at the first sight of the Eternal City: only shows how unwise it is for people to make up their may be that his money comes from his family and not "Rome, imperial Rome—for she still looks imperial— minds without some solid reasons to aid them. If the irom his office; it matters not; he suffers in the es- the dome of St. Peter's, the mole of Adrian and the yel- Information which the London Tablet correspondent has teem and confidence of his people by reason of his obtained be correct (and it ought to be correct, for it low Tiber, burst upon my view; reflecting, with their comes directly from a Cardinal who has had admirable wealth. A rich priest cannot well represent Him, Who, own, the glory of an Italian sunset. What a tide of re- opportunities for knowing the mind of the Holy Father) while on earth had not whereon to lay His head. flections occupy the mind—what emotions stir the heart the Pontificate of Pius X. is destined to be the mostl on first beholding Rome. There is not only grandeur In The smallness of Archbishop Kain's estate shows the sight, but in the thought that we behold her; we striking since the Reformation. Everybody knows that how lavish he must have been in his benefactions. His feel as if ennobled by the destiny which has brought us since then a process of centralization ha« been going personal expenses were perhaps less than those of any hither to ponder amidst scenes so renowned and sacred. sleëdily on—powers formerly devolving on local ecclesias- rector of a first-class church in the city; yet his was a "Rome, still seated on her seven hills, stretched away tical authorities have been gradually transferred to the very princely income. The cathedraticum of his diocese before me, the city—the vicissitudes of whose fortunes Sonmn congrégations, and as far as England and Eng- was very large. With ordinary economy he might have involve the history of our race; the fruitful mother of he- lish-speaking countries are concerned, all the increased saved a handsome fortune in the ten years he governed roes; the imperial mistress of the world; exalted by work has fallen upon the Propaganda. the St. Louis see. The fact is he had scarcely what paid the loftiest achievements of valor and patriotism; and When one takes Into account the expansion of the his funeral expenses. The money and property he left adorned by the most varied and consummate genius; till, Catholic Church in Protestant and heathen countries in in his will was what he brought here with him from degenerate and self-enthralled, she became the victim of modern times, during which the Catholics of the United Wheeling. We all knew he was generous in his bene- the sanguinary crimes and lust of power which she her- States alone have increased from a couple of hundred factions; but few were aware that he cave away all he self had engendered. No other city on earth has been thousand to over 12 millions, while many more millions had. the theatre of such events, suggests the same associa- have been added to the faithful in China, India, Holland, In this he showed that he was a worthy successor tion. Who can behold It for the first time unmoved? Australia, Great Britain, etc., and when it is remember- of the great Kenrick, whose mantle of power had fallen The statesman, the philosopher, and man of letters, all ed that all religious questions concerning these new ter- on his shoulders. The wills of Archbishop Kenrick and alike, regard it with the deepest interest, although with ritories of Catholicity have to be examined and judged Archbishop Kain are almost Identical word for word. the feelings which belong to their different characters; by the Propaganda, it will be seen that a certain degree Both had received much; both gave all they had In death but it is the devout and believing in Infallible Rome, who of "congestion" was inevitable. English Bishops know to the diocese. How edifying to the Catholics of St. Louis behold her with one common feeling of enthusiastic ven- something about this "congestion," while Irish Bishops is the example of their two Archbishops! What an in- eration, and enter her gates with exultations as the 'Holy aie still waiting for the confirmation through the Prop- centive to generosity in the service of God! Our people City,' hallowed by the blood of martyrs, and the resi- aganda of the many important degrees passed by them need not fear that their gifts to the Church will be mis- dence of the fisherman and his successors." for the Church in Ireland at the Maynooth synod, held applied. What they give to God will surely go to God— St. Peter's, the noblest temple ever reared by human e*er three years ago. Again in distant countries like Father Phelan In the Western Watchman. hands, to which "Diana's marvel was a cell," is thus pith- Australia, India and China, the necessity of submitting ily and beautifully described: "How magnificent is the all kinds of questions to the Propaganda is often a very approach to It—that grandest oF'colonnades, the noble hard one, even if no time were lost but that involved Tbe Tiara ef tie Pipes. piazza, and its obelisk, and gushing fountains.* * * in forwarding the questions and receiving replies. There a pervading and wonderful harmony has combined The Boman authorities have long since felt the dif- Considerable interest has been aroused since the ac- the merit of attention to particulars, with the most vast ficulties of the situation. Only last year it was- almost cession of Pope Pius concerning the tiara, the triple and sublime conceptions that architect ever formed. Ev- decided to transfer the United States from the Congrega- crown, which is worn by the Popes, and which has long ery effect produced accords with the aspiring designs, tion of the Propaganda to that for Ecclesiastical Affairs, been an emblem of the Sovereign Pontiff. which called this grandest of all earthly temples Into ex- and had this step been taken it is probable that England There are various views as to the significance of the istence. The colossal genius of Michael Angelo towers ex- and all other countries in which the hierarchy has been tiara, and there are also differing opinions as to when ultingly to the skies in that majestic dome, which seems either established or restored would have passed to the the tiara first came into use as the distinctive emblem of built for everlasting. There the spectator, whose mind same jurisdiction. It is certain that many of the Amer- the Popes. The view which we give is that adopted by has become expanded while pacing those glorious aisles, ican Bishops were in favor of this solution. It may be I)r. Richard H. Clarke, who is the author of a life of hus no difficulty in at once comprehending that, in St. that they were stimulated in their desire by the fact Pope Leo XIII. Peter's, the founders designed the metropolitan temple of that the Government of the United States entered for a ( The tiara is the Papal crown. The original Papal the Christian world. This was the ambition which laid its time into direct relations with the Holy See for the set- crown consisted of a single cap or crown, and was first foundation stone, and which has actuated every succeed* tlement of oertain politico-religious questions connected worn by Pope Damasus II., A. D., 1048. At that time it ing Pontiff in completing or adorning it." with the Philippines, which are under the Congregation represented the temporal sovereignty of the Pope On the spot where the Prince of the apostles had been for Ecclesiastical Affairs, and that it might be inferred over Rome and the Pontifical States of which the 1'ope crucified, Anacletus, Bishop of Rome, erected an oratory. ¿m that similar relations might be established for the good was the sovereign. As time and circumstances manifest- In 306, Constantlne the Great built a basilica on the same of the Church if the proposed change were made. The ed the development of the powers of the Popes, and they spot. In 1450, Pope Nicholas V. commenced a new build* American Bishops, of course, have some title to be con- became recognized by the temporal sovereigns of the ing in the place of Constantine's, which, with changes; sidered good judges of what is best for their own coun- earth as their arbiter or suzerain, one crown after an- was continued till It was dedicated on November 18, 1626 m try, but many other countries besides theirs was to be other was added to the tiara until the triple crown of the —a period of construction of 175 years. During this long included in the decision, and the Roman authorities de- Popes came to represent: First, their spiritual author- period 43 Sovereign Pontiffs had sat upon the throne of St. termined to hear all the pros and cons of the case before ity as the vicar of Christ upon earth; second, their tem- Peter, superintending the construction of the Cathedral deciding. poral sovereignty over Rome and the Papal States, and church of the world. third, the historical temporal power of the Popes as rec- During the reign of Leo XIII. the fullest importance For hours before the pilgrim reaches the Eternal ognized in the Ages of Faith among the kingdoms and City, he sees the great dome rising into the blue; when was attached to the connection between Church and sovereigns of the earth. State; indeed, it may be said that this connection was he reaches his journey's end it towers above the roois emphasized and that sometimes great sacrifices were Whenever the Pope appears as the Sovereign Pontiff, and belfries and minor domes, reminding him of Cole- made to maintain it. Pope Leo's success in securing the the head of the Church, he wears the tiara. ridge's great line on Mont Blanc: "But thou, most aw position of the Church before civil governments has The tiara is always surmounted by a cross, above ful form, rises from forth the silent sea of pines, how amazed the world, and among other advantages it has the three crowns, emblems as they are of power and silently." ^Ja served to enable Pius X to guage accurately the value majesty, is found in the words of St. Paul—"God forbid When he enters the mighty pantheon—the aneient of official or officious relations with governments that that I should glory in anything save in the cross of my temple of all the gods, standing In perfect preservation are non-Catholic in spirit The result is, according to Savious Jesus Christ." today, after two thousand years—he is told, and truly** my information, that Pius X. has no intention of remov- that In designing St. Peter's dome, Michael Angelo's gen* ing any part of the Church from the Propaganda which ius had seized this marvel of pagan architecture, lifted has no connection with civil governments and entrusting LATEST ROMAN NEWS. it 200 feet in the air, and set it as a crown upon the Ca- thedral of the Christian Church; when he crosses the it to the Congregation of Ecclesiastical Affairs, which The appointment of Cardinal del Val as Secretary of is closely connected with the Secretariate of State. bridge of St Angelo, passes Hadrian's mausoleum and State has accentuated the hostility of the civil against down the silent street of Santo Spiritu, all his reading But again, according to my information, Pius X. has the ecclesiastical power, not only because of his foreign and all his imagination leaves him unprepared for the in mind a plan for relieving the "congestion" of the Prop- birth, but principally by reason of his well-known opposi- magnificence of the vision that bursts upon him. aganda, which will involve sweeping changes. In the tion to any scheme of conciliation with the invaders of He stands in the great piazza of St. Peter's, Bernini's first piece he proposes to revive the ancient functions the Papal dominions. of the Primates. Each country in which there Is a reg- giant colonnade opens out before him on either side^on ularly established hierarchy will have its "Primate with The first sign of reprisal appeared when the new the right and left are two glorious fountains shooting extended powers and jurisdiction over the whole country, Italian premier, Signor Giolitti, issued a circular letter skyward their torrents of spray through which the sun and with power to settle many of the disputed questions to the prefects of all the Italian provinces calling their at- shines in prismatic hues, in the centre is the mightiest which are now sent to Rome. Ireland has already two tention to the great influx of French members of religious obelisk that the Pharoahs ever raised, before which the Primates, but the title of both Is only honorary and his- orders Into Italy, caused by the drastic laws adopted pious Roman lifts his hat in veneration for the relic of In France against the religious congregations. the True Cross by which it is surmounted—and behind torical. One of them, probably the Archbishop of Ar- them all is the great front of St. Peter's, the mightiest magh, will receive full primatlal powers; the see ofBal- Another pretext for reprisal has been found in the timore, in the United States Is also tlUilariy p. and most imposing structure ever raised by man. fire which recently took place in the Vatican and came Every pillar supporting the architrave might, K it will become practically so. The archdioceses otjte«- near causing great damage to the library and museums. minster and Sydney will also become the centres of pri- hollowed out, conceal a small army of men. The resM- An investigation ordered by the Government brought bule Is a vast hall, nearly four hundred feet long, and « is recorded that visitors have seen it and d^rtedjthtole- "^hÎridiSl^provision will lighten to some extent to light the fact that the Vatican fire department was totally inadequate to the protection of the treasures pre- ine they had seen St Peter's. But opposite the exterior the burden of the Propaganda, but it is not unlikely erftra^e, between the pillars of the vestibute. sretm* îhît JTSsiness not connected with the °ns wiU served in the Papal residence, consisting as it did of only four firemen and a chief, of whom only three could be mighty doors of bronze, taken from the old Bt-Pstors, ta transferred from it to the other Congregations-the found on the night of the fire. Th attention of the Gov- and exquisitely worked by Christian artists when Chris- mt^InduSences; Holy Office, etc. Nor are the changes ernment was also called to the great danger caused by tian art was in its heyday. ^n^mnit^l bv the Holy Father to end here, for he is the immediate proximity of private dwelling apartments "Enter- its grandeur overwhelms thee not. it is ïïi^îîS* every possible means for rendering the« to the library, museum, and galleries, where such valu- strange, amazing—almost disappointing. TOis is not the ooLSraul mori effective, so that the business of the able treasures are preserved, whose loss would be ab- st Peter's you looked for. Here are no glories of state- rS^I^m» V be tran sac ted with the utmost despatch. (Continued on page four.) Sere is enough in this program to solutely Irreparable.