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2015/16 Knowledge Sharing Program with Algeria 2015/16 Knowledge Sharing Program 2015/16 Knowledge 2015/16 Knowledge Sharing Program with Algeria: with Algeria Policy Consultation for Sustainable Growth in Algeria: Effects of Tax Policy and Revenue Enhancement 2015/16 Knowledge Sharing Program with Algeria 2015/16 Knowledge Sharing Program with Algeria Project Title Policy Consultation for Sustainable Growth in Algeria: Effects of Tax Policy and Revenue Enhancement Prepared by Korea Development Institute (KDI) Supported by Ministry of Strategy and Finance (MOSF), Republic of Korea Prepared for The Government of the Algeria In Cooperation with Ministry of Finance, Algeria Program Directors Si Wook Lee, Executive Director, Center for International Development (CID), KDI Kwang Eon Sul, Senior Fellow, Center for International Development (CID), KDI Program Officers Heesun Lim, Research Associate, Middle East and Africa team, CID, KDI Bora Nam, Research Associate, Middle East and Africa team, CID, KDI Senior Advisor Kyung-Bok Cook, Former Chief, National Assembly Budget Office Project Manager Woocheol Kim, Professor, University of Seoul Authors Chapter 1. Woocheol Kim, Professor, University of Seoul Chapter 2. Young Jun Chun, Professor, Hanyang University English Editor Seoul Selection Government Publications Registration Number 11-1051000-000699-01 ISBN 979-11-5932-131-3 94320 979-11-5932-117-7 (set) Copyright ⓒ 2016 by Ministry of Strategy and Finance, Republic of Korea Government Publications Registration Number 11-1051000-000699-01 2015/16 Knowledge Sharing Program with Algeria: Policy Consultation for Sustainable Growth in Algeria: Effects of Tax Policy and Revenue Enhancement In the 21st century, knowledge is one of the key determinants of a country’s level of socio- economic development. Based on this recognition, Korea’s Knowledge Sharing Program (KSP) was launched in 2004 by the Ministry of Strategy and Finance (MOSF) and the Korea Development Institute (KDI). KSP aims to share Korea’s experience and knowledge with the partner countries to achieve mutual prosperity and cooperative partnership. Former high-ranking government officials are directly involved in the policy consultation to share their intimate knowledge of development challenges, and to complement the analytical work of policy experts and specialists who have extensive experience in their fields. The government officials and practitioners effectively pair up with their counterparts in the development partner countries to work jointly on pressing policy challenges and share development knowledge in the process. The program includes policy research, consultation and capacity-building activities, all in all to provide comprehensive and tailor-made assistance to the development partner countries in building a stable foundation and fostering capabilities to pursue self-sustainable growth. In 2015, policy consultation and capacity building workshop were carried out with 32 partner countries covering over 100 research agendas. As a new partner, Nicaragua, and Visegrad Group were selected in consideration of the country’s policy demand, growth potential, and strategic economic partnership. The 2015/16 Knowledge Sharing Program with Algeria was carried out with the aim of exchanging socio-economic development experience of two countries for improving Algeria’s policy making capacity and achieving her socio-economic development. Under the MOU signed between the Ministry of Strategy and Finance of Korea and Ministry of Finance, Algeria, the joint research and seminars were conducted in order to support the establishment of “Policy Consultation for Sustainable Growth in Algeria: Effects of Tax Policy and Revenue Enhancement”. I would like to take this opportunity to express my sincere gratitude to Senior Advisor Mr. Kyung-Bok Cook, Project Manager Woocheol Kim, as well as the project consultant including Prof. Young Jun Chun for their immense efforts in successfully completing the 2015/16 KSP with Algeria. I am also grateful to Executive Director Dr. Si Wook Lee, Program Director Kwang Eon Sul, and Program Officer Ms. Heesun Lim, and all members of the Center for International Development, KDI for their hard work and dedication to this program. Lastly, I extend my warmest thanks to the Algerian counterparts, the Ministry of Finance, and other related agencies, program coordinator and supervisor, and participants for showing active cooperation and great support. In your hands is the publication of the results of the 2015/16 KSP with Algeria. I believe that KSP will serve as a valuable opportunity to further elevate mutual economic cooperation of Algeria and Korea to a new level. I sincerely hope the final research results on the selected areas could be fully utilized to support Algeria in achieving economic development goal in the near future. Joon-Kyung Kim President Korea Development Institute 2015/16 KSP with Algeria ························································································································ 011 Executive Summary ·································································································································· 014 Chapter 1 Enhancing Fiscal Revenue of Local Authorities in Algeria Summary ······································································································································· 020 1. Introduction ·································································································································· 023 1.1. Research Objectives ··············································································································· 023 1.2. Research Area & Methods ···································································································· 024 2. Local Tax System ··························································································································· 025 2.1. Local Taxation Before 1992 ·································································································· 025 2.2. Local Taxation from 1992 to Present ··················································································· 026 3. Policy Suggestions for Local Tax Reform ···················································································· 031 3.1. Review of Local Tax Revenue ······························································································· 031 3.2. Principles & Strategies ··········································································································· 040 3.3. Policy Suggestions ················································································································· 042 4. Non-tax Revenue ·························································································································· 049 4.1. Non-tax Revenue & User Charges ························································································ 049 4.2. Policy Suggestions ················································································································· 051 5. Conclusion ····································································································································· 055 References ················································································································································ 057 Appendix ·················································································································································· 058 Chapter 2 Construction of Micro-simulation Model for Analysis of Socioeconomic Effects of Tax Policy in Algeria Summary ······································································································································· 062 1. Introduction ·································································································································· 063 2. Simulation Model ························································································································ 065 2.1. Households ···························································································································· 066 2.2. Companies (Production Sector) ···························································································· 071 2.3. Government ··························································································································· 073 2.4. Foreigners ······························································································································ 074 2.5. Competitive Equilibrium ······································································································· 075 3. Model Calibration ························································································································ 077 3.1. Income Groups & Labor Productivity ··················································································· 077 3.2. Preference Parameters ·········································································································· 078 3.3. Technology Parameters ········································································································ 082 3.4. Taxes & Government Expenditures ······················································································
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