DOCSLIB.ORG

ZERO DISCHARGE of WASTEWATER from JUICE MAKING INDUSTRY USING VERMI- BIO-FILTRATION TECHNOLOGY Ghatnekar, S.D., Ghalsala-Dighe, D.S

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
ZERO DISCHARGE of WASTEWATER from JUICE MAKING INDUSTRY USING VERMI- BIO-FILTRATION TECHNOLOGY Ghatnekar, S.D., Ghalsala-Dighe, D.S 6th European Waste Water Management Conference & Exhibition ZERO DISCHARGE OF WASTEWATER FROM JUICE MAKING INDUSTRY USING VERMI- BIO-FILTRATION TECHNOLOGY Ghatnekar, S.D., Ghalsala-Dighe, D.S. and Ghatnekar, S.S., Biotechnology Resource Centre, India Email: [email protected] The paper describes the novel vermi-bio-filtration technology developed by BRC to treat the liquid effluents produced by Gujrat based juice making industry into bio-clean and bio-safe water. The treated bio-clean water can be used to clean floors and vessels as well as for any secondary purpose except for drinking. Around 80-85 sq. m area is required to set-up this novel plant having capacity to treat 12,000 liters of effluents everyday. The multi-stage plant consists of four vermi-bio-filters. The principle of trickling filter is used in the system. Each vermi-bio-filter is accompanied by a sump and upper layer consists of sterilized bedding material inclusive of selected microorganisms, enzymes and worms. This layer has to be replaced after 6-8 months and the resultant biomass with specific pre-treatment could be used as pro-biotic nutrient for the crops. The COD of wastewater was reduced from 12,000 ppm to less than 200 ppm. The total recurring cost to treat 12,000 liters effluents everyday works out to be Rs. 50-60 (£ 0.75-85) whereas, in the conventional ETP plant, the running costs will be Rs. 5000-6000 (£ 7.5-10). The capital cost of the plant is also 6-7 times less than the conventional ETP plant. In fine, the implementation of this innovative technology results not only into pollution abatement but into zero discharge as well. Keywords Earthworms, enzymes, microorganisms, pollution abatement, vermi-bio-filter, wastewater, zero discharge. Introduction In the recent past, developing countries like India have changed their approach towards the treatment of liquid effluents. The research has been intensively directed towards simpler, energy saving, environmentally bio-safe and cost-effective technological solutions. In addition, the environmental regulations by Pollution Control Boards have undergone vast changes. As a result, conventional treatment technologies have been further refined and new technologies for wastewater treatment are being implemented and/or are in the development stage to meet increasingly more stringent water quality criteria (Kumar et al. 2008). Today, most of the wastewater treatment plants have started looking for biotechnological alternatives in their systems. Apart from the benefits of improved capacity, efficiency and lowered operative costs, www.ewwmconference.com Organised by Aqua Enviro Technology Transfer 6th European Waste Water Management Conference & Exhibition microorganisms, enzymes and earthworms also keep the treatment process as natural as possible. Amongst the varied biotechnological methods of wastewater treatment adopted, vermiculture biotechnology and microbial wastewater treatments are gaining wide popularity. Earthworms have proved to be master bio-processing agents for the management of organic effluents from diverse sources ranging from domestic sewage to industrial refuse (Ghatnekar et al. 2000). Startlingly, they convert effluents that are an undesirable nuisance into coveted plant probiotics in the form of soil-conditioners. The use of microorganisms is also considered as an integral part of the wastewater treatment process. Higher concentration of microorganisms is able to remove the organic matter from the water at a faster rate, particularly in the case of lagoon systems where it can take several months for the complete degradation process. In this context, Biotechnology Resource Centre, India has developed a novel technology using multi-stage vermi-bio-filters with the key objective of converting industrial liquid effluents into ‘bio-safe’ and ‘bio-clean’ water. Since last 30 years, Biotechnology Resource Centre, India has contributed towards uniting the environment and economy by developing innovative, ‘bio-safe’ waste treatment technologies of global importance (Ghatnekar and Kavian 1992; Ghatnekar et al. 2009a). BRC has successfully commissioned vermiculture-based effluent treatment plant (ETP) in diverse industrial units (Ghatnekar et al. 1995; Kavian and Ghatnekar 1999). The developed “three-tier vermiculture biotechnology” involves the synergistic action of selected enzymes, microorganisms and earthworms for degradation of complex organic wastes in both the solid and liquid forms and convert them into useful plant probiotics (Ghatnekar et al. 2009a,b). Vermi-bio-filtration is a relatively new technology to process organically polluted water using earthworms as biofilters (Ghatnekar and Kavian, 2000, Sinha et al. 2007; Li et. al. 2009). Biotechnology Resource Centre (BRC) has developed a new treatment technology incorporating the use of microorganisms, earthworms and enzymes to convert the redundant waste water into bio- safe and bio-clean water which can be used for various secondary purposes except for drinking. The vermi-bio-filtration-based wastewater treatment plant has been successfully commissioned by BRC at Orient Vegetexpo Ltd., Dindori, Nashik (Ghatnekar et al. 2000) and in gelatine manufacturing company at Gujarat (Ghatnekar et al. 2010). In fact in the last four years this technology is implemented in many chemical industrial set ups in Vadodara, Gujarat resulting into zero discharge of wastewater. This paper illustrates the use of state-of-the-art vermi-bio-filtration technology to treat the redundant wastewater from Gujarat based juice industry into “bio-clean” and “bio-safe” water. This water is successfully used by the industry for secondary purpose like vessel and floor washing, toilet-flushing, gardening and irrigation etc. except for human consumption. www.ewwmconference.com Organised by Aqua Enviro Technology Transfer 6th European Waste Water Management Conference & Exhibition The scenario: Wastewater from juice making industry The juice making industry in Gujarat produces around 12,000 litres of liquid effluent everyday. This effluent mainly contains traces of fruit pulp, sugars and chemical preservatives used for juice processing and also some organic solvents used for the washing the vessels after juice production. Due to these additives, COD of the wastewater is as high as 12,000-14,000 ppm. In addition, the sugar content is around 1,800-2,000 ppm. The organic solvents (approximately 2% of the wastewater) also make the situation worse for the treatment of this wastewater. Due to this and the stringent norms put forth by Gujarat Pollution Control Board, discharge of this wastewater was a major challenge for the company. The treatment of this enormous quantity of wastewater was a big financial burden for the concerned industry. The major setback in the juice industry effluent treatment is low pH values, imbalance of nutrients and considerable fluctuation in the quantity of effluent and waste matter produced (Austerman-Haun et. al., 1997). Ozbas et. al. (2006) tried reducing the high COD levels of raw effluents from juice industry with the help of aerobic and anaerobic biological effluent treatments. Similar studies were carried out by El-Kamah et. al. (2010) using batch activated sludge (AS) system and two-stage up-flow anaerobic sponge reactors (UASRs). BRC, India developed tailor-made treatment technology for the concerned industry with the idea of ‘zero-discharge’ of the wastewater. This treatment includes the application of vermi-bio- filtration technology to convert the liquid effluent using synergistic action of the selected microorganisms, enzymes and earthworms into bio-clean and bio-safe crystal clear water. This water can be used for secondary purpose within the industry like cleaning, washing of plant reactors and floor, gardening and toilet use etc. Application of this treatment technology has not only helped the industry but protecting the environment too. Vermi-bio-filter Treatment Technology The vermi-bio-filtration technology involves use of synergistic activity of the selected microorganisms, enzymes and earthworms for the degradation of toxins from the waste water converting it into “bio-clean” and “bio-safe” crystal clear water. This technology has proved to be the best environment -friendly and cost-effective solution for this industry. Treatment Set up Around 80-85 sq. m area is required to set-up this novel plant having capacity to treat 12,000 Liters of effluents every day. The four-stage vermi-bio-filter plant consists of four ‘Sintex’ tanks each of 10,000 liters capacity (Figure 1 & 2). All the four tanks are connected together. The principle of trickling filter is used in the system. The lower most layer of each tank consists of coarse rubble. This is followed by layer of semi-crushed bricks and double layer of gravel and fine sand. The upper most layer consists of semi-sterilized bedding material inoculated with selected and effective microorganisms, enzymes and earthworms. The topmost layer however, needs to be replaced after six-eight months of operation. All four tanks have been planted with 25 seedlings of Canna. The roots of these plants absorb and degrade the pollutants by osmotic www.ewwmconference.com Organised by Aqua Enviro Technology Transfer 6th European Waste Water Management Conference & Exhibition filtration apart from giving aesthetic and ornamental appearance to the vermi-bio-filtration system. Figure 1: Vermi-bio-filter tank set up Figure 2: Vermi-bio-filters with buffer tank The treatment plant is designed for
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Landfill Leachate Pretreatment Process Evaluation and Pilot Study
    Landfill Leachate Pretreatment Process Evaluation and Pilot Study Richard Claus – Hazen and Sawyer, P.C. John Butler – Rumpke Consolidated Companies, Inc. Dan Miklos – Hazen and Sawyer, P.C. Presentation Overview Part 1 – Overview of Study, Piloting, and Design Introduction Timeline of Study, Evaluation, & Disposal Wastewater Characterization & Pretreatment Study Timeline of Piloting and Design Pretreatment Design Presentation Overview Part 2 – Pilot Treatment Sessil Media Trickling Filter Pilot Chemical Treatment Jar Testing and Pilot Considered ElectroCell Piloting Next Steps Introduction Rumpke Sanitary Landfill Cincinnati, OH, Colerain Township, Northwest Hamilton County Rumpke Consolidated Companies, Inc. Family Owned, Operated since 1945 One of the largest landfills in the nation, largest in Ohio Rumpke Colerain Township Landfill Introduction Northwest Area Landfill Portion of landfill undergoing a reaction since August, 2009 Source of extremely strong leachate Averaging 120-degrees Fahrenheit Average Volumes of 120,000 GPD (2010-2011) to 200,000 GPD (2012) Northwest Lift Station Lift Station No. 2 Pilot and Tanker Loadout Locations Northwest Area Landfill Introduction – NW Area Leachate Current Characteristics COD 30,000 to 50,000 mg/L BOD5 20,000 to 30,000 mg/L TSS 1,000 – 2,000 mg/L TKN 1,500 – 2,500 mg/L Fe 250 – 700 mg/L Ca 1,500 – 3,700 mg/L Temperature 120 degrees F Introduction – NW Area Leachate On –Going Issues Pipe scaling/clogging during conveyance Odors during handling/disposal Costs for disposal Study, Evaluation, and Disposal Timeline August, 2009 – Increasing leachate strength from Northwest Area August, 2010 to May, 2011 – Wastewater Characterization & Pretreatment Study August, 2011 to June, 2012 – Treatment Piloting and Pretreatment Design Study, Evaluation, and Disposal Timeline - Continued Historically until October 7, 2011 – “Blended” Flow Sewer Discharge into MSDGC Collection System NW Area Leachate (Approx.
    [Show full text]
  • Anaerobic Digestion of Wastewater Sludge (Nazaroff & Alvarez-Cohen, Section 6.E.3)
    Anaerobic Digestion of Wastewater Sludge (Nazaroff & Alvarez-Cohen, Section 6.E.3) nice, clean water going to disinfection and then to outdoor body of receiving water (stream, lake or sea) sludge in need of further treatment The goal is to reduce the amount of sludge that needs to be disposed. The most widely employed method for sludge treatment is anaerobic digestion. In this process, a large fraction of the organic matter (cells) is broken down into carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4), and this is accomplished in the absence of oxygen. About half of the amount is then converted into gases, while the remainder is dried and becomes a residual soil-like material. What the equipment looks like The tank is capped - to prevent oxygen from coming in, - to prevent odors from escaping, and - to capture the methane produced. This methane, a fuel, can be used to meet some of the energy requirements of the wastewater treatment facility (co-generation). What the sludge looks like after anaerobic digestion and subsequent drying. It is rich in nitrates and performs well as a fertilizer. (Photos from http://www.madep-sa.com/english/wwtp.html) 1 (Originally from Metcalf & Eddy, 1991) from & Metcalf Eddy, (Originally 6.E.7) Figure Alvarez-Cohen, & (Nazaroff How the system works The treatment of wastewater sludge, from both primary and secondary treatment steps, consists of two main phases. ● In the 1st step, all incoming flows of sludge are combined, and the mixture is heated to a mild temperature (about body temperature) to accelerate biological conversion. The residence time here ranges from 10 to 20 days.
    [Show full text]
  • Sewage Secondary Treatment After Primary Treatment, the Sewage Water Is Subjected to the Next Phase Called Biological Treatment Or Secondary Treatment
    Sewage secondary treatment After primary treatment, the sewage water is subjected to the next phase called biological treatment or secondary treatment. Dissolved and suspended biological materials are removed by indigenous microbial decomposition in a managed environment. In this treatment, BOD is reduced up to 90-95%. Biological treatment is carried out in two important phases: 1. Aerobic phase: oxidation lagoons trickling filters, activated sludge 2. Anaerobic phase: sludge digestion A. Oxidation lagoons /oxidation ponds / stabilization ponds 1. It is outdoor, simple, suspension type aerobic treatment. 2. It is suggested for small societies in rural areas where sufficient low lying land of little real state value is available. 3. It is oldest of the sewage treatment systems used in most of developing countries due to its low cost. 4. In this shallow pond is required which should be maximum of 10 feet depth having inlet and outlet. 5. It consists of three different zones as shown in the following diagram: Requirements of Oxidation pond: 1. Presence of algal growth which produces oxygen. 2. Oxygen is also available from atmosphere. 3. Heterotrophic aerobic and anaerobic microbes for decomposing sewage. 4. Sunlight required for photosynthesis, also has bactericidal properties (UV). Advantages of oxidation pond: 1. Simple 2. Inexpensive 3. Low maintenance Disadvantages of oxidation pond: 1. Effected by environment: low temperature, cloudy sky lowers efficiency 2. Takes longer time(Long retention time) 3. Gives bad odour(H2 S) 4. Not hygienic 5. Just lowers BOD by 25%to 60% B. Trickling Filter Method 1. It is also outdoor, aerobic, relatively simple but of film flow type.
    [Show full text]
  • Introduction to Trickling Filters and RBC's Study Guide September 1995 Edition
    Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources Wastewater Operator Certification Introduction to Trickling Filters and RBC's Study Guide September 1995 Edition Subclass B Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources Bureau of Science Services Operator Certification Program P.O. Box 7921, Madison, WI 53707 http://dnr.wi.gov The Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources provides equal opportunity in its employment, programs, services, and functions under an Affirmative Action Plan. If you have any questions, please write to Equal Opportunity Office, Department of Interior, Washington, D.C. 20240. This publication is available in alternative format (large print, Braille, audio tape. etc.) upon request. Please call (608) 266-0531 for more information. Printed on 12/07/12 Introduction to Trickling Filters and RBC's Study Guide - September 1995 Edition Preface This operator's study guide represents the results of an ambitious program. Operators of wastewater facilities, regulators, educators and local officials, jointly prepared the objectives and exam questions for this subclass. How to use this study guide with references In preparation for the exams you should: 1. Read all of the key knowledges for each objective. 2. Use the resources listed at the end of the study guide for additional information. 3. Review all key knowledges until you fully understand them and know them by memory. It is advisable that the operator take classroom or online training in this process before attempting the certification exam. Choosing A Test Date Before you choose a test date, consider the training opportunities available in your area. A listing of training opportunities and exam dates is available on the internet at http://dnr.wi.gov, keyword search "operator certification".
    [Show full text]
  • The Biological Treatment Method for Landfill Leachate
    E3S Web of Conferences 202, 06006 (2020) https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202020206006 ICENIS 2020 The biological treatment method for landfill leachate Siti Ilhami Firiyal Imtinan1*, P. Purwanto1,2, Bambang Yulianto1,3 1Master Program of Environmental Science, School of Postgraduate Studies, Diponegoro University, Semarang - Indonesia 2Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Diponegoro University, Semarang - Indonesia 3Department of Marine Sciences, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, Diponegoro University, Semarang - Indonesia Abstract. Currently, waste generation in Indonesia is increasing; the amount of waste generated in a year is around 67.8 million tons. Increasing the amount of waste generation can cause other problems, namely water from the decay of waste called leachate. Leachate can contaminate surface water, groundwater, or soil if it is streamed directly into the environment without treatment. Between physical and chemical, biological methods, and leachate transfer, the most effective treatment is the biological method. The purpose of this article is to understand the biological method for leachate treatment in landfills. It can be concluded that each method has different treatment results because it depends on the leachate characteristics and the treatment method. These biological methods used to treat leachate, even with various leachate characteristics, also can be combined to produce effluent from leachate treatment below the established standards. Keywords. Leachate treatment; biological method; landfill leachate. 1. Introduction Waste generation in Indonesia is increasing, as stated by the Minister of Environment and Forestry, which recognizes the challenges of waste problems in Indonesia are still very large. The amount of waste generated in a year is around 67.8 million tons and will continue to grow in line with population growth [1].
    [Show full text]
  • How Is Wastewater Treated (PDF)
    FOLD FOLD FOLD We Need Your Help Industrial Service Area How is Pretreatment Here are three easy things you can do to protect The City of Everett’s wastewater treatment Wastewater water quality and minimize treatment cost. plant, called the Everett Water Pollution Control unicipal treatment plants like the EWPCF are Facility (EWPCF), is located on Smith Island 1. Keep trash out of the system. designed to treat residential and commercial in North Everett. The EWPCF serves more than Treated? ■ M Put hair, feminine hygiene products, wastewater. However, some industrial 133,000 people including all of Everett and cotton swabs and grease in the wastewater contains pollutants that primary and parts of Mukilteo, Silver Lake and Alderwood. garbage. secondary treatment cannot remove. The plant treats an average of 20 million 2. Reduce your water consumption. This wastewater requires industrial pretreatment gallons of wastewater per day, although the ■ Conserving water saves money and to remove metals, acids or other chemicals, influent volume to the plant can increase to protects the environment since the less or in the case of food services, most fats almost 100 million gallons on rainy days. water you use, the less wastewater we and grease. City staff work with industrial have to treat. customers to remove these pollutants before the 3. Keep hazardous waste out of the system. wastewater is sent to the treatment plant. ■ Never put hazardous waste down the drain. Hazardous waste includes pesticides, herbicides, solvents, paint thinners and engine oil. Hazardous Biosolids waste is any material that can catch fire, Port explode, corrode or is toxic.
    [Show full text]
  • Anaerobic Digestion of Primary Sewage Effluent
    Anaerobic Digestion of Primary Sewage Effluent Prepared for the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Electricity Delivery and Energy Reliability Under Cooperative Agreement No. DE-EE0003507 Hawai‘i Energy Sustainability Program Subtask 3.4: Biomass Submitted by Hawai‘i Natural Energy Institute School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology University of Hawai‘i September 2014 Acknowledgement: This material is based upon work supported by the United States Department of Energy under Cooperative Agreement Number DE-EE0003507. Disclaimer: This report was prepared as an account of work sponsored by an agency of the United States Government. Neither the United States Government nor any agency thereof, nor any of their employees, makes any warranty, express or implied, or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights. Reference here in to any specific commercial product, process, or service by tradename, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United States Government or any agency thereof. The views and opinions of authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the United States Government or any agency thereof. SUMMARY A hybrid system comprised an up-flow packed bed anaerobic reactor and a down-flow trickling-filter reactor connected in series was shown to effectively treat primary clarifier effluent. When a clarifier and sand filter were added to the system, the effluent water quality achieved values of BOD5 and TSS that were below the EPA’s water discharge limits of 30 mg/l and equivalent to highly efficient activated sludge systems.
    [Show full text]
  • Trickling Filters English , PDF, 1.29MB
    FS-BIO-003 TECHNOLOGY FACT SHEETS FOR EFFLUENT TREATMENT PLANTS OF TEXTILE INDUSTRY TRICKLING FILTERS SERIES: SECONDARY TREATMENTS TITLE TRICKLING FILTERS (FS-BIO-003) Last update September 2015 Last revised TRICKLING FILTERS FS-BIO-003 TRICKLING FILTERS (FS-BIO-003) Date September 2015 Authors Alfredo Jácome Burgos Joaquín Suárez López Pablo Ures Rodríguez Revised by Last update Date Done by: Update main topics TRICKLING FILTERS FS-BIO-003 Page 1 of 17 INDEX 1. - INTRODUCTION 1.1.- Trickling filter classifications 1.1.1.- Standard Rate Filter 1.1.2.- Intermediate Rate Filter 1.1.3.- High Rate Filter 1.1.4.- Roughing Filter 1.1.5.- Super High Rate Filter 2.- DESCRIPTION 2.1.- Filling media characteristics 2.2.- Wastewater distribution characteristics 2.3.- Aeration characteristics 3.- DESIGN 3.1.- Design parameters 3.2.- Sizing criteria 3.2.1.- Low and medium load beds 3.2.2.- Roughing filter 3.3.- Application intensity (SK) 3.4.- Forced aeration 3.5.- Sludge production 4.- SECONDARY CLARIFIER 4.1.- Design variables 4.2.- Summary of design values 5.- SPECIFIC TECHNICAL CONDITIONS 6.- SPECIFICATIONS IN THE TREATMENT OF WASTEWATER OF TEXTILE INDUSTRY 7.- PARAMETERS AND CONTROL STRATEGIES 8.- OPERATION TROUBLESHOOTING BIBLIOGRAPHY ANNEX 1 REQUIRED SURFACE ESTIMATION ANNEX 2 GRAPHIC DESCRIPTION OF PROCESSING UNITS TRICKLING FILTERS FS-BIO-003 Page 2 of 17 1. - INTRODUCTION The operating principle of a trickling filter consists on a pre-treated or settled wastewater, flowing through a filtering bed where a bacterial culture, called biofilm, has been adhered and developed. The wastewater, thus irrigated on the filter material (or filling material), contacts with the biomass achieving pollution degradation.
    [Show full text]
  • Wastewater Technology Fact Sheet: Trickling Filters
    United States Office of Water EPA 832-F-00-014 Environmental Protection Washington, D.C. September 2000 Agency Wastewater Technology Fact Sheet Trickling Filters DESCRIPTION ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES Trickling filters (TFs) are used to remove organic Some advantages and disadvantages of TFs are matter from wastewater. The TF is an aerobic listed below. treatment system that utilizes microorganisms attached to a medium to remove organic matter Advantages from wastewater. This type of system is common to a number of technologies such as rotating C Simple, reliable, biological process. biological contactors and packed bed reactors (bio- towers). These systems are known as C Suitable in areas where large tracts of land attached-growth processes. In contrast, systems in are not available for land intensive treatment which microorganisms are sustained in a liquid are systems. known as suspended-growth processes. C May qualify for equivalent secondary APPLICABILITY discharge standards. TFs enable organic material in the wastewater to be C Effective in treating high concentrations of adsorbed by a population of microorganisms organics depending on the type of medium (aerobic, anaerobic, and facultative bacteria; fungi; used. algae; and protozoa) attached to the medium as a biological film or slime layer (approximately 0.1 to C Appropriate for small- to medium-sized 0.2 mm thick). As the wastewater flows over the communities. medium, microorganisms already in the water gradually attach themselves to the rock, slag, or C Rapidly reduce soluble BOD5 in applied plastic surface and form a film. The organic wastewater. material is then degraded by the aerobic microorganisms in the outer part of the slime layer.
    [Show full text]
  • Trickling Filter Technology for Treating Abattoir Wastewater
    Trickling Filter Technology for Treating Abattoir Wastewater Project code: 2014 /1016 Prepared by: GHD Pty Ltd Date Published: April 2015 Published by: Australian Meat Processor Corporation Disclaimer: The information contained within this publication has been prepared by a third party commissioned by Australian Meat Processor Corporation Ltd (AMPC). It does not necessarily reflect the opinion or position of AMPC. Care is taken to ensure the accuracy of the information contained in this publication. However, AMPC cannot accept responsibility for the accuracy or completeness of the information or opinions contained in this publication, nor does it endorse or adopt the information contained in this report. No part of this work may be reproduced, copied, published, communicated or adapted in any form or by any means (electronic or otherwise) without the express written permission of Australian Meat Processor Corporation Ltd. All rights are expressly reserved. Requests for further authorisation should be directed to the Chief Executive Officer, AMPC, Suite 1, Level 5, 110 Walker Street Sydney NSW. Table of Contents Executive Summary 4 1. Introduction 6 1.1 Project Background 6 1.2 Objectives 6 1.3 Workscope and Basis 6 1.4 Overview 7 2. Treatment of Abattoir Wastewater 11 2.1 Characterisation of Wastewater 11 2.2 Typical Treatment Train 11 2.3 Treatment 12 3. Trickling Filtration 15 3.1 General 15 3.2 Description 15 3.3 Trickling Filter Media 17 3.4 Construction 18 3.5 Recirculation 19 3.6 Air Access / Circulation 19 3.7 Broad Design 19 3.8 Activated Sludge Versus Trickling Filters 22 4.
    [Show full text]
  • Treatment and Biosolids Technologies
    Treatment and Biosolids Technologies City of Morro Bay New Water Reclamation Facility Engineering Component of Siting Study • Project engineering team will look at the following parameters related to each site: – Range of cost for conveyance, treatment, and distribution to potential users – Land availability for range of treatment and biosolids management options • A range of treatment technologies can reach City objectives – Keep options open during preliminary planning Public Workshop Results Top‐Ranked Issues from Dot Exercise • Environmental – Avoid Visual Impacts • Cost Issues – Keep Costs Low (highest score) • Engineering and Design – Recharge Morro Aquifer Overview • Environmental – Effluent reuse goals – Quality and Quantity – Conveyance methods for recycled water • Cost Issues / Engineering and Design – Liquid treatment technologies – Biosolids processing technologies / products – Procurement Treatment Processes • Preliminary – Screening of large solids • Primary –Flotation & settling • Secondary – Biological Treatment Source of • Tertiary – Filtration Biosolids • Disinfection • Advanced – Salts – Contaminants of Emerging Concern Treatment Process Selection Driven by End Goals 1. Start with effluent reuse goals 2. Identify treatment technologies to meet those goals 3. Develop plan for handling biosolids from range of liquid treatment options Effluent Reuse Goals ‐ Quantity • “How much” varies seasonally • Evapotranspiration rates determine potential use for irrigation • Wet weather or production of “off‐spec” water often require
    [Show full text]
  • Giving Wastewater a Boost with Breakthroughs in Secondary Treatment Brent Giles Research Director About Lux Research Coverage Areas
    Giving Wastewater a Boost with Breakthroughs in Secondary Treatment Brent Giles Research Director About Lux Research Coverage areas . Advanced Materials Helps clients find new business opportunities from . Agro Innovation emerging technologies in physical and life sciences . Alternative Fuels Offers ongoing technology and market intelligence, as . Autonomous Systems 2.0 well as market data and consulting services . Bio‐based Materials & Chemicals . Bioelectronics Over 250 clients on six continents – multinational . Efficient Building Systems corporations, investors, governments, and SMEs . Energy Electronics . Energy Storage Global reach,with offices in Boston, New York, . Exploration and Production Amsterdam, Singapore, Shanghai, and Tokyo . Food and Nutrition . Printed, Flexible, and Organic Combines deep technical expertise with business analysis Electronics to support strategic decisions . Solar . More at www.luxresearchinc.com Sustainable Building Materials . Water 2 Contents Problems with existing wastewater treatment A picture of the “average” activated sludge plant Six innovative technologies go head to head Stickney Water Reclamation Plant, Chicago 3 Contents Problems with existing wastewater treatment A picture of the “average” activated sludge plant Six innovative technologies go head to head Stickney Water Reclamation Plant, Chicago 4 Wastewater treatment gobbles energy and produces large volumes of sludge The dominant process for treating the world’s wastewater, activated sludge, faces three major issues: High energy Mountains of The squeeze consumption waste sludge for space 5 Anaerobic digestion reduces, but doesn’t eliminate waste sludge Does not scale down well Many facilities need to combine sludge with other waste streams Reduces sludge volume by about 40%, but you still have to do something with the remaining stabilized biosolids 6 Many U.S.
    [Show full text]