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BMJ Open Is Committed to Open Peer Review. As Part of This Commitment We Make the Peer Review History of Every Article We Publish Publicly Available BMJ Open: first published as 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-040210 on 8 February 2021. Downloaded from BMJ Open is committed to open peer review. As part of this commitment we make the peer review history of every article we publish publicly available. When an article is published we post the peer reviewers’ comments and the authors’ responses online. We also post the versions of the paper that were used during peer review. These are the versions that the peer review comments apply to. The versions of the paper that follow are the versions that were submitted during the peer review process. They are not the versions of record or the final published versions. They should not be cited or distributed as the published version of this manuscript. BMJ Open is an open access journal and the full, final, typeset and author-corrected version of record of the manuscript is available on our site with no access controls, subscription charges or pay-per-view fees (http://bmjopen.bmj.com). If you have any questions on BMJ Open’s open peer review process please email [email protected] http://bmjopen.bmj.com/ on September 26, 2021 by guest. Protected copyright. BMJ Open BMJ Open: first published as 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-040210 on 8 February 2021. Downloaded from PipEracillin Tazobactam versus mERoPENem for treatment of bloodstream infections caused by cephalosporin-resistant Enterobacteriaceae - a non-inferiority randomized controlled trial (PeterPen) ForJournal: peerBMJ Open review only Manuscript ID bmjopen-2020-040210 Article Type: Protocol Date Submitted by the 02-Jul-2020 Author: Complete List of Authors: Bitterman, Roni; Rambam Health Care Campus, Division of Infectious Diseases; Technion Israel Institute of Technology Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine Koppel, Fidi; Rambam Health Care Campus, Division of Infectious Diseases Mussini, Cristina; University Hospital Modena Geffen, Yuval; Rambam Health Care Campus, Microbiology Laboratory Chowers, Michal; Meir Medical Center, Infectious Diseases Unit; Tel Aviv University Sackler Faculty of Medicine Rahav, Galia; sheba medical center, Infectious Diseases Unit; Tel Aviv university, Sackler school of medicine Nesher, Lior; Soroka Medical Center, Infectious Diseases Unit; Ben- http://bmjopen.bmj.com/ Gurion University of the Negev Faculty of Health Sciences Ben-Ami, Ronen; Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Infectious Diseases Unit; Tel Aviv University Sackler Faculty of Medicine Turjeman, Adi; Rabin Medical Center, Internal Medicine E; Tel Aviv University Sackler Faculty of Medicine Huberman Samuel, Maayan ; Rabin Medical Center, Internal Medicine E Cheng, Matthew; McGill Interdisciplinary Initiative in Infection and Immunity Clinical Trials Platform Lee, Todd; McGill Interdisciplinary Initiative in Infection and Immunity on September 26, 2021 by guest. Protected copyright. Clinical Trials Platform Leibovici, Leonard; Rabin Medical Center, Internal Medicine E; Tel Aviv University Sackler Faculty of Medicine Yahav, Dafna; Rabin Medical Center, Infectious Diseases Unit; Tel Aviv University Sackler Faculty of Medicine Paul, Mical; Rambam Health Care Campus, Division of Infectious Diseases; Technion Israel Institute of Technology Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine Epidemiology < INFECTIOUS DISEASES, Infection control < INFECTIOUS Keywords: DISEASES, MICROBIOLOGY For peer review only - http://bmjopen.bmj.com/site/about/guidelines.xhtml Page 1 of 38 BMJ Open BMJ Open: first published as 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-040210 on 8 February 2021. Downloaded from 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 For peer review only 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 http://bmjopen.bmj.com/ 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 on September 26, 2021 by guest. 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Where the Submitting Author wishes to make the Work available on an Open Access basis (and 21 intends to pay the relevant APC), the terms of reuse of such Open Access shall be governed by a Creative 22 Commons licence – details of these licences and which Creative Commons licence will apply to this Work are set 23 out in our licence referred to above. 24 25 Other than as permitted in any relevant BMJ Author’s Self Archiving Policies, I confirm this Work has not been 26 accepted for publication elsewhere, is not being considered for publication elsewhere and does not duplicate 27 material already published. I confirm all authors consent to publication of this Work and authorise the granting 28 of this licence. 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 http://bmjopen.bmj.com/ 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 on September 26, 2021 by guest. Protected copyright. 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 For peer review only - http://bmjopen.bmj.com/site/about/guidelines.xhtml Page 3 of 38 BMJ Open Page 1 1 2 3 PipEracillin Tazobactam versus mERoPENem for treatment of BMJ Open: first published as 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-040210 on 8 February 2021. Downloaded from 4 5 6 bloodstream infections caused by cephalosporin-resistant 7 8 9 Enterobacteriaceae - a non-inferiority randomized controlled trial 10 11 12 (PeterPen) 13 14 15 Roni Bitterman1,2, Fidi Koppel1, Cristina Mussini3, Yuval Geffen4, Michal 16 17 Chowers5,6, Galia Rahav6,7, Lior Nesher8,9, Ronen Ben-Ami6,10Adi Turjeman6,11, 18 For peer review only 19 Maayan Huberman Samuel11, Matthew P. Cheng12, Todd C. Lee12, Leonard 20 21 22 Leibovici6,11, Dafna Yahav6,13, Mical Paul1,2 for the PeterPen study group 23 24 25 26 27 28 1. Division of Infectious Diseases, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel 29 30 31 2. The Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion- Israel Institute 32 33 of Technology, Haifa, Israel 34 35 3. Modena University Hospital, Modena, Italy 36 37 http://bmjopen.bmj.com/ 38 4. Microbiology Laboratory, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel 39 40 5. Infectious Diseases Unit, Meir Medical Center, Kefar Sava, Israel 41 42 6. Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel 43 44 45 7. Infectious Diseases Unit, The Chaim Sheba Medical Center at Tel Hashomer, on September 26, 2021 by guest. Protected copyright. 46 47 Ramat Gan, Israel 48 49 8. Infectious Diseases Unit, Soroka Medical Center, Be'er Sheva, Israel 50 51 9. Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University, Be'er Sheva, Israel 52 53 54 10. Infectious Diseases Unit, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel 55 56 11. Internal Medicine E, Rabin medical Center (Beilinson), Petah Tikva, Israel 57 58 59 60 For peer review only - http://bmjopen.bmj.com/site/about/guidelines.xhtml BMJ Open Page 4 of 38 Page 2 1 2 3 12. McGill Interdisciplinary Initiative in Infection and Immunity Clinical Trials BMJ Open: first published as 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-040210 on 8 February 2021. Downloaded from 4 5 6 Platform, Montreal, Canada 7 8 13. Infectious Diseases Unit, Rabin medical Center (Beilinson), Petah Tikva, 9 10 Israel 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 Corresponding author: 18 For peer review only 19 20 Roni Bitterman, MD 21 22 23 Division of Infectious Diseases, 24 25 Rambam Health Care Campus, 26 27 Haifa 31096, Israel 28 29 30 Tel. +972-4-7772291 31 32 Fax: +972-4-7773284 33 34 Email: [email protected] 35 36 37 http://bmjopen.bmj.com/ 38 39 40 Word count: 3382 41 42 43 44 45 on September 26, 2021 by guest. Protected copyright. 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 For peer review only - http://bmjopen.bmj.com/site/about/guidelines.xhtml Page 5 of 38 BMJ Open Page 3 1 2 3 Key words: extended spectrum beta-lactamase, carbapenem, beta-lactam beta- BMJ Open: first published as 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-040210 on 8 February 2021. Downloaded from 4 5 6 lactamase inhibitor, randomized controlled trial 7 8 9 10 Strengths and limitations of the study 11 12 13 The question of whether combination beta-lactam beta-lactamase inhibitors 14 15 are non-inferior to carbapenems for the treatment of ESBL infections remains 16 17 unanswered. 18 For peer review only 19 20 We propose an open-label, randomized controlled trial comparing piperacillin- 21 22 tazobactam with meropenem for treatment of bloodstream infections with 23 24 cephalosporin-resistant Escherichia coli and Klebsiella.
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