Solaris Common Desktop Environment: Advanced User’s and System Administrator’s Guide Sun Microsystems, Inc. 4150 Network Circle Santa Clara, CA 95054 U.S.A. Part No: 806–7492–10 May 2002 Copyright 2002 Sun Microsystems, Inc. 4150 Network Circle, Santa Clara, CA 95054 U.S.A. All rights reserved. This product or document is protected by copyright and distributed under licenses restricting its use, copying, distribution, and decompilation. No part of this product or document may be reproduced in any form by any means without prior written authorization of Sun and its licensors, if any. Third-party software, including font technology, is copyrighted and licensed from Sun suppliers. Parts of the product may be derived from Berkeley BSD systems, licensed from the University of California. UNIX is a registered trademark in the U.S. and other countries, exclusively licensed through X/Open Company, Ltd. 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Sun détient une licence non exclusive de Xerox sur l’interface d’utilisation graphique Xerox, cette licence couvrant également les licenciés de Sun qui mettent en place l’interface d’utilisation graphique OPEN LOOK et qui en outre se conforment aux licences écrites de Sun. CETTE PUBLICATION EST FOURNIE “EN L’ETAT” ET AUCUNE GARANTIE, EXPRESSE OU IMPLICITE, N’EST ACCORDEE, Y COMPRIS DES GARANTIES CONCERNANT LA VALEUR MARCHANDE, L’APTITUDE DE LA PUBLICATION A REPONDRE A UNE UTILISATION PARTICULIERE, OU LE FAIT QU’ELLE NE SOIT PAS CONTREFAISANTE DE PRODUIT DE TIERS. CE DENI DE GARANTIE NE S’APPLIQUERAIT PAS, DANS LA MESURE OU IL SERAIT TENU JURIDIQUEMENT NUL ET NON AVENU. 020115@3062 Contents Preface 15 1 Configuring Login Manager 19 Starting the Login Server 20 Managing Local and Network Displays 20 Finding the Login Server Process ID 21 Displaying a Login Screen on a Local Display 22 Running the Login Server without a Local Display 22 Accessing Command Line Login on a Local Display 23 Accommodating a Character Display Console 23 Displaying a Login Screen on a Network Display 24 Controlling Access to the Login Server 25 Checking for Errors 26 Stopping the Login Server 27 The Login Screen 28 Changing the Login Screen Appearance 28 M To Change the Logo 29 M To Change the Welcome Message 29 M To Change the Fonts 30 M To Provide Alternate Text to Display for Each Language 30 Changing the Login Screen Behavior Per Display 31 Changing the X Server Access 32 Issuing Commands Before the Login Screen Appears 33 Starting a Failsafe Session 34 After the User’s Session Ends 34 The Login Server Environment 34 3 Changing the User or System Path 35 M To Change the System Shell 36 M To Change the Time Zone 36 Administering Login Manager 36 Login Manager Files 37 2 Configuring Session Manager 39 What Is a Session? 39 The Initial Session 40 Current Session 40 Home Session 40 Display-Specific Sessions 40 Starting a Session 40 When a Session Starts 41 Sourcing the .dtprofile Script 41 Sourcing Xsession.d Scripts 42 Displaying the Welcome Message 42 Setting Up the Desktop Search Paths 43 Gathering Available Applications 43 Optionally Sourcing the .profile or .login Script 44 Starting the ToolTalk Messaging Daemon 44 Starting the Session Manager Client 45 Loading the Session Resources 45 Starting the Color Server 46 Starting Workspace Manager 47 Starting the Session Applications 47 Additional Session Startup Customizations 47 M To Set Environment Variables 48 M To Set Resources 48 M To Set Display-Specific Resources 49 M To Change Applications for the Initial Session 49 M To Set Up a Display-Specific Session 50 Executing Additional Commands at Session Startup and Logout 50 M To Execute Additional Commands at Session Startup 50 M To Execute Additional Commands at Logout 51 M To Recover a Session from Backup 51 M To Investigate Session Startup Problems 51 4 Solaris Common Desktop Environment: Advanced User’s and System Administrator’s Guide • May 2002 Session Manager Files and Directories 52 3 Troubleshooting Login and Session Startup Problems 53 Login Startup Files 53 Error Log Locations 54 User Startup Files 54 Solaris CDE Startup Examples 55 4 Adding and Administering Applications 57 Structure of Application Manager 57 Directory Location of Application Manager 58 How Application Manager Finds and Gathers Applications 58 Precedence Rules in Gathering Applications 59 Application Groups Provided with the Default Desktop 59 Example of How Application Groups Are Gathered 60 Adding Applications to Application Manager 61 Ways to Add Applications to Application Manager 61 M To Add a Desktop-Smart Application to Application Manager 62 M To Register an Existing or Non-Desktop Smart Application 62 M To Add an Application Icon to an Existing Application Group 63 Creating and Administering General Application Groups 63 M To Create a System-Wide General Application Group 64 M To Create a Personal General Application Group 64 M To Customize a Built-In Application Group 64 Modifying the Search Path Used To Locate Applications 64 The Default Search Path 65 Adding an Application Server to the Application Search Path 65 General Application Manager Administration 66 M To Remove an Application 66 M To Update Application Manager During a Session 66 Changing the Text Editor and Terminal Emulator 67 M To Change the Default Text Editor or Terminal Emulator 67 5 Registering an Application 71 Overview of Application Registration 72 Features Provided by Application Registration 72 The Purpose of Application Registration 74 Contents 5 General Steps for Registering an Application 75 Step 1: Modifying Font and Color Resources 75 Step 2: Creating the Desktop Application Root 77 Step 3: Creating the Registration Package Directories 77 Step 4: Creating the Actions and Data Types for the Application 79 Step 5: Putting the Help Files in the Registration Package 82 Step 6: Creating Icons for the Application 83 Step 7: Creating the Application Group 84 Step 8: Registering the Application Using dtappintegrate 89 Example of Creating a Registration Package 92 Information You Need to Know About ‘‘BestTextEditor’’ 92 Steps to Registering ‘‘BestTextEditor’’ 93 6 Miscellaneous Configurations 99 Solaris CDE Directory Structure 99 /usr/dt 99 /etc/dt 100 /var/dt 100 $HomeDirectory 100 Key Configuration Files 101 Xconfig 101 Xservers