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825646079261.Pdf SCOTT JOPLIN 1867/8 –1917 All tracks arr. Itzhak Perlman 1 The Ragtime Dance 3.13 2 The Easy Winners 3.11 3 Bethena (a concert waltz) 6.36 4 Magnetic Rag 4.50 5 The Strenuous Life (a ragtime two-step) 3.53 6 The Entertainer 4.11 7 Elite Syncopations 3.14 8 Solace (a Mexican serenade) 7.12 9 Pine Apple Rag 3.10 10 Sugar Cane (a ragtime classic two-step) 3.44 43.19 ITZHAK PERLMAN violin ANDRÉ PREVIN piano 2 Itzhak Perlman Photo: Don Hunstein © Parlophone Records Limited 3 SCOTT JOPLIN: RAGTIMES This album of ragtimes by Scott Joplin, recorded in 1974, was Itzhak Perlman’s first foray beyond the classical repertory, at least on record. The departure proved a successful one and was to be the first of many other such adventures, which also included jazz with André Previn (volume 24) and Oscar Peterson, recordings of Yiddish folk music (volume 38) and film music. In the tradition of his great predecessors, foremost among them Fritz Kreisler and Jascha Heifetz, Perlman supplied the arrangement for violin and piano himself, remaining faithful to the composer’s style while exploiting the classical violin’s rich palette of colours. His partnership with André Previn, who accompanied him on the piano, always retained a classical perspective, while still allowing for a measure of stylistic freedom. As Perlman himself revealed, the ornamentations added by the two performers varied from session to session as the pieces were recorded. Ragtime began life as the preserve of the piano, but in Joplin’s time travelling violinists would often join in with string ensembles known as “Serenaders”, made up of violinists, guitarists, mandolin players and double bassists. They would play ragtime in the street in the towns where their travels took them and happily accepted invitations to perform in people’s homes. Scott Joplin played the guitar and the clarion in addition to being an accomplished pianist, and would probably have been able to perform to some level on the violin, given that his father Giles Joplin had been a violinist while a slave in North Carolina. Considered in Europe a living form of American art, ragtime was hugely fashionable in the United States for more than twenty years, but its origins prevented its performance in American concert halls during the first decades of the twentieth century. Driven to despair by the rejection of his music, Joplin died of insanity and depression at the age of forty-nine. In the 1970s his works enjoyed a revival thanks to the advocacy of pianists such as Joshua Rifkin, William Bolcom and Max Morath, conductors Gunther Schuller and George Sponhaltz, organist Lee Erwin and harpsichordists E. Power Biggs and William Neil Roberts. Ragtime finally made its mark on concert halls and university auditoriums as well as on the record industry. Before making this recording Perlman had played his Joplin arrangements in recital, where they had been warmly received. On this disc, the two partners do true justice to the piquancy of Joplin’s music, to its infectious cheerfulness as well as to its darkest bursts of melancholy. As Perlman wrote: “Originally played mostly in saloons and bordellos, ragtime became immortalised through Scott Joplin’s dedication and talent. Listening to Joplin's own works in their original piano form and in orchestral transcriptions, I became captivated by the composer’s charm and uniquely pungent rhythms. Intriguing too was the pervasive classical influence evidenced in both form and harmonic content. Joplin’s lyrical, often sad qualities suggested the idea of arranging his music for violin and piano. The violin, which naturally displays music’s most soulful qualities, surely would be an apt voice for realising this composer’s very individual spirit. For these recordings, I chose works which represent Joplin in a variety of moods, joyful, sad or meditative. The exuberant qualities of The Ragtime Dance , for example, contrast with the more introspective, solemn character of Solace or Bethena achieved through his innovative use of harmonic progressions and modulations combined with rhythmic pulse and melodic lines … Playing in such a manner is always exciting and adventurous.” Jean-Michel Molkhou Translation: Saul Lipetz 4 Ragtimes de Scott Joplin C’est avec cet album de ragtimes de Scott Joplin, enregistré en 1974, qu’Itzhak Perlman s’évadait pour la première fois, en tous cas au disque, du répertoire classique. Aventure couronnée de succès qui allait en annoncer bien d’autres et notamment ses expériences de jazz aux côtés d’André Previn (volume 24) ou d’Oscar Peterson, ses enregistrements de pièces du folklore yiddish (volume 38) ou de musiques de films. Renouant avec la tradition de ses grands aînés, au premier rang desquels Fritz Kreisler ou Jascha Heifetz, Itzhak Perlman en assura lui-même l’arrangement pour violon et piano, en restant fidèle au style du compositeur tout en y apportant la richesse de couleurs du violon classique. Sa collaboration avec André Previn, qui l’accompagne au piano, a toujours gardé une optique classique, en se réservant néanmoins une liberté stylistique. Comme le confiait le violoniste lui-même, les ornements ajoutés par les deux partenaires variaient de séance en séance, au fur et à mesure que les pièces étaient enregistrées. À son origine, le ragtime était l’apanage du piano mais, à l’époque de Joplin, le violoniste itinérant faisait souvent partie d’ensembles de cordes, connus sous le nom de « Serenaders », qui associaient violons, guitare, mandoline et basse. Ils jouaient du ragtime dans les rues des villes où leurs voyages les conduisaient, et acceptaient volontiers toute invitation à se produire à l’intérieur des maisons. Scott Joplin était non seulement un habile pianiste, mais jouait aussi de la guitare et du clairon. Il possédait sans doute aussi quelques rudiments de violon, son père Giles Joplin ayant été violoniste durant son esclavage en Caroline du nord. Considéré en Europe comme une forme vivante de l’art américain, le ragtime connut une véritable vogue aux États-Unis pendant plus de vingt ans, mais son origine l’empêcha d’être joué dans les salles de concert américaines pendant les premières décennies du XX e siècle. Désespéré par le rejet de sa musique, Scott Joplin mourut de folie et de dépression à l’âge de quarante-neuf ans. Dans les années 1970, ses œuvres connurent une résurrection grâce aux talents de pianistes tels Joshua Rifkin, William Bolcom et Max Morath, des chefs d’orchestre Gunther Schuller et George Sponhaltz, de l’organiste Lee Erwin ou des clavecinistes E. Power Biggs et William Neil Roberts. Le ragtime entra enfin dans les salles de concert et les auditoriums des universités aussi bien que dans l’industrie du disque. Avant de réaliser cet enregistrement, Perlman avait joué ses arrangements de Joplin lors de récitals, recevant un accueil très chaleureux. Dans ce disque, les deux partenaires rendent fidèlement justice au piquant et à la gaité contagieuse, comme aux plus sombres accès de mélancolie de la musique de Joplin. Ainsi que l’écrivait Itzhak Perlman : « Joué surtout, à son origine, dans les bars et les maisons closes, le ragtime est devenu immortel au travers de la consécration de Scott Joplin. En écoutant les œuvres de Joplin dans leur forme originale pour piano et leurs transcriptions orchestrales, j’ai été captivé par le charme de ce compositeur et de ses rythmes mordants. Étonnante, aussi, était l’influence classique qui se faisait jour, évidente tant dans la forme que dans le contenu harmonique. Les qualités lyriques de Joplin, souvent mélancoliques, me suggérèrent d’arranger sa musique pour violon et piano, considérant que le violon, qui exprime naturellement les qualités les plus profondément humaines, serait certainement un support apte à faire comprendre l’esprit si original de ce compositeur. Pour ces enregistrements, j’ai choisi des œuvres qui présentent les diverses inspirations de Joplin : la joie, la tristesse ou la méditation. Les qualités exubérantes de The Ragtime Dance , par exemple, contrastent avec le caractère solennel et plus introspectif de Solace et Bethena , réalisés au travers de son emploi novateur des progressions harmoniques et des modulations combinées au mouvement rythmique et aux lignes mélodiques (…) Jouer cette musique est toujours excitant et aventureux. » Jean-Michel Molkhou 5 Ragtimes von Scott Joplin Mit diesem 1974 aufgenommenen Album voller Ragtimes von Scott Joplin wurde Itzhak Perlman dem klassischen Repertoire (zumindest auf Schallplatte) zum ersten Mal abtrünnig. Es war ein überaus erfolgreiches Unterfangen, dem noch viele ähnliche Abenteuer folgen sollten, insbesondere seine Jazz-Alben mit André Previn (Album 24) oder Oscar Peterson, seine Aufnahmen jüdischer Folklorestücke (Album 38) sowie Filmmusiken. In Anlehnung an die Tradition seiner großen Vorgänger, in erster Linie Fritz Kreisler und Jascha Heifetz, erstellte Itzhak Perlman selbst das Arrangement für Geige und Klavier, wobei er dem Stil des Komponisten treu blieb und gleichzeitig die prächtigen Klangfarben der klassischen Violine beisteuerte. Das Ergebnis seiner Arbeit mit seinem Klavierbegleiter André Previn zeichnet sich durch eine geradezu klassische Wirkung aus, wobei die beiden sich allerdings auch eine gewisse stilistische Freiheit nehmen. Wie der Geiger selbst anmerkte, variierten die von den beiden Partnern ergänzten Verzierungen von Aufnahmesitzung zu Aufnahmesitzung. Ursprünglich war der Ragtime dem Klavier vorbehalten, doch zur Zeit Joplins gab es zudem aus Saiteninstrumenten (Geige, Gitarre, Mandoline und Bass) bestehende Ragtime-Ensembles, die als “Serenaders“ bekannt waren. Diese wandernden Musiker spielten Ragtime in den Straßen der Städte, in die sie ihre Reisen führten, und nahmen jede Einladung zu Auftritten in Häusern an. Scott Joplin war nicht nur ein begabter Pianist, er spielte auch Gitarre und Clairon. Zudem besaß er fraglos auch einige Grundkenntnisse des Violinspiels, war sein Vater Giles Joplin doch während seiner Zeit als Sklave in North Carolina Geiger gewesen.
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