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The Effect of Team Personality Composition On MASTER THESIS THE EFFECT OF TEAM PERSONALITY COMPOSITION ON THE TEAM PERFORMANCE OF TEAMS PRACTICING CARDIOPULMONARY RESUSCITATION IN A SIMULATION ROOM An Exploratory study on the effect of team personality composition, overlap in speech, and team performance of simulated medical emergency teams Fabienne Lok FACULTY OF BEHAVIOURAL, MANAGEMENT, AND SOCIAL SCIENCES MASTER EDUCATIONAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY EXAMINATION COMMITTEE A.M.G.M. Hoogeboom, MSc Dr. M. Groenier EXTERNAL SUPERVISOR S. de Laat, MSc MASTER THESIS Title THE EFFECT OF TEAM PERSONALITY ON THE TEAM PERFORMANCE OF TEAMS PRACTICING CARDIOPULMONARY RESUSCITATION IN A SIMULATION ROOM Author Fabienne Lok [email protected] Graduation committee 1st supervisor A.M.G.M. HOOGEBOOM, MSC [email protected] 2nd supervisor DR. M. GROENIER [email protected] External supervisor S. DE LAAT, MSC [email protected] 2 Summary In previous studies, the importance of non-technical skills of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) teams have already been established. Of these skills, communication is the most important predictor for efficient task execution in such teams. Furthermore, it has been established that the composition of personality in the team is an important element in influencing team performance. Understanding the relation between team personality compositing of teams practicing CPR in a simulated setting and team performance might help to raise awareness of pitfalls in communication when certain members have to work together. To empirically examine this, 14 teams of Technical Medicine students participated in this research. The study gathered data by assessing a personality test, by using sociometric badges, and by using a team performance measurement. On basis of a multiple linear regression analysis and a mediation analysis insight could be obtained on whether and which team personality composition influences team performance and whether communication mediates this relation. The findings from this research illustrate that team personality composition does not influence the team performance of CPR teams. Practical implications, strengths and limitations of the research are discussed. Moreover, future research directions include the mediating role of amount of speech, and controlling for gender are given. Keywords: Team personality composition – cardiopulmonary resuscitation – simulation – team performance – overlap in speech 3 Table of content Summary ................................................................................................................................................. 3 Acknowledgement ................................................................................................................................... 5 1. Introduction ..................................................................................................................................... 6 2. Theoretical conceptual framework .................................................................................................. 8 2.1 Team performance ......................................................................................................................... 8 2.2 Overlap in speech .......................................................................................................................... 8 2.3 Personality as a predictor for team performance ........................................................................... 8 2.4 Operationalization of team composition in terms of personality................................................... 9 2.5 Extraversion................................................................................................................................. 10 2.6 Agreeableness .............................................................................................................................. 11 2.7 Conscientiousness ....................................................................................................................... 12 3. Research design ............................................................................................................................. 14 3.1 Research design ........................................................................................................................... 14 3.2 Respondents and sampling .......................................................................................................... 14 3.3 Research context .......................................................................................................................... 14 3.4 Instrumentation ............................................................................................................................ 14 3.5 Procedure ..................................................................................................................................... 15 3.6 Data analysis................................................................................................................................ 16 4. Results ........................................................................................................................................... 17 4.1 Descriptive Statistics ................................................................................................................... 17 4.2 Hypothesis 1, 3, and 5: Multiple linear regression analysis ...................................................... 198 4.3 Hypotheses, 2, 4 and 6: Mediation analysis ................................................................................ 19 5. Discussion and conclusion ............................................................................................................ 20 5.1 Discussion of results .................................................................................................................... 20 5.2 Limitations, strengths, and future research .................................................................................. 21 5.3 Practical implications ................................................................................................................ 222 5.4 Conclusion ................................................................................................................................... 22 Reference list ......................................................................................................................................... 23 APPENDIX I: ALS – learning goals and course content ...................................................................... 28 APPENDIX II: Demographics and personality questionnaire .............................................................. 30 APPENDIX III: Team effectiveness and performance scales ............................................................... 34 Appendix III: Encryption research data ................................................................................................ 37 4 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT For me, this research experience was one of the greatest and most valuable learning moments in my education. I couldn’t have done it alone, so I would like to take this moment to show my gratitude to all of those who supported me during these past months. I would like to thank my first supervisor, Marcella Hoogeboom, for her critical feedback, suggestions, ideas, and engagement through this learning process. Every time you helped me write a better thesis. I would also like to thank my second supervisor, Marleen Groenier, for her enthusiasm for the field of Technical Medicine and for her enthusiasm about quantitative research. Your great energy is very contagious. Finally, I would like to thank my external supervisor, Stijn de Laat, for always being willing to answer my questions, small or big, and for just listening to my insecurities about the research. I never had the feeling that there were problems I couldn’t address. Thank you for that! Furthermore, I want to thank my co-students Bryce Cherry, Joscha Friedrich, and Aniek Poort for the cooperation during this project. You all made me feel like I wasn’t alone in this, we did it together. Finally, my personal thanks go out to family and friends who helped me relax after working hours. And of course to Pim for keeping me grounded, and for listened to my frustrations. Thank you all! Fabienne Lok Enschede, July 2018 5 1. Introduction Cardiac arrest and cardiovascular diseases are two causes of death that take more than 135 million lives every year (Meaney et al., 2013). Performing high-quality cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is a lifesaving action that is vital to the survival rate of people suffering from a cardiac arrest and is one of the most frequently executed medical actions in hospitals (Hazinski & Field, 2010). Hazinski and Field (2010) refer to CPR as lifesaving actions that increase the chance of survival after suffering cardiac arrest. To improve the survival rate in cardiac arrest, following the internationally accepted guidelines for CPR is warranted (Nolan, Deakin, Soar, Böttiger, & Smith, 2005), since the quality of the performance of the CPR team is the primary factor for patient survival (Nolan et al., 2005). However, the outcomes of the performance of CPR have not improved over the last 30 years and are not optimally managed by medical staff members (Hunziker et al., 2009). Hence, there is an urgent need to practice and optimize the performance of CPR. In order to increase the quality and subsequently the success rate of CPR, it is important to improve the performance
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