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Home , Carbonyl sulfide

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. TM The ToxGuide is developed to be used as a pocket guide.

Toxicokinetics and Biomarkers/Environmental Sources of Exposure Normal Human Levels Levels TM ToxGuide General Populations Toxicokinetics Biomarkers . Ambient air that contains carbonyl . Limited data indicate that carbonyl . No information was located regarding for from a variety of natural and sulfide is absorbed from the respiratory biomarkers of exposure to carbonyl anthropogenic sources. tract. sulfide. . Natural sources of carbonyl sulfide are . How carbonyl is broken down in the Carbonyl Sulfide significantly greater than anthropogenic body is not known. Environmental Levels emissions. . No information was located regarding Air . COS Carbonyl sulfide is generated from elimination and excretion following . Carbonyl sulfide in the air at the majority wetlands, salt marshes, soil, oceans, absorption of carbonyl sulfide. of locations sampled in the United States CAS# 463-58-1 deciduous and coniferous trees, and Normal Human Levels averaged 1.8 ppb. volcanic . . No information was located regarding December 2016 . Carbonyl sulfide is produced or released normal levels of carbonyl sulfide in during production as a chemical . Carbonyl sulfide in surface water samples humans. intermediate, combustion of selected from temperate and subtropical North fuels and other substances, extraction and Atlantic regions and the Gulf of Mexico recovery processes, and selected were found to be supersaturated with U.S. Department of Health and manufacturing processes. carbonyl sulfide with respect to Human Services atmospheric equilibrium. The highest Public Health Service concentrations were measured in coastal Agency for Toxic Substances Occupational Populations and shelf samples. The average concentration was 1.9 ppt in one study. and Disease Registry . Occupational exposure is primarily a www.atsdr.cdc.gov result of carbonyl sulfide production and Soil use as a chemical intermediate and its . Carbonyl sulfide concentrations ranged Contact Information: production as a byproduct in petroleum from 250 to 120,000 ppt in soil from a Division of Toxicology refining and coal distillation. forested area and a former rape field. and Human Health Sciences

Environmental Toxicology Branch

Reference 1600 Clifton Road NE, F-57 Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Atlanta, GA 30329-4027 Registry (ATSDR). 2016. Toxicological 1-800-CDC-INFO Profile for Sulfide and Carbonyl 1-800-232-4636 Sulfide. Atlanta, GA: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service. COS

Chemical and Physical Information Routes of Exposure Relevance to Public Health (Health Effects) Health Effects Carbonyl Sulfide is a . Inhalation - Most likely route of exposure Health effects are determined for general population because carbonyl . . Carbonyl sulfide is a colorless gas with a No studies were located regarding health sulfide is ubiquitous in air; most likely by the dose (how much), the typical sulfide (odorless in the effects in humans exposed to carbonyl route of occupational exposure at absence of impurities). Odor may be duration (how long), and the sulfide. facilities where carbonyl sulfide is detected in air at concentrations of 0.055 route of exposure. . Limited animal data implicate the produced, used, or generated. ppm. nervous system as the most likely target . Oral – Not a likely source of exposure . Carbonyl sulfide is found in numerous Minimal Risk Levels (MRLs) of carbonyl sulfide toxicity. because carbonyl sulfide is a gas. natural sources, including volcanic gases, Inhalation . Neurological effects in animals included . petroleum crude oil, sulfurous , salt Dermal - Potential route of exposure . No acute-, intermediate-, or chronic- abnormal locomotion, decreased motor marshes, and soils. particularly among workers who handle duration inhalation MRLs were derived activity and grip strength, changes in carbonyl sulfide-containing substances. . Carbonyl sulfide can be made from for carbonyl sulfide. brainstem auditory evoked potentials, and degenerative effects in selected areas of hydrolysis of or potassium the brain. using dilute , as a Carbonyl Sulfide in the Oral byproduct of . No studies were located regarding the production, by the reaction of carbon Environment . No acute-, intermediate-, or chronic- carcinogenicity of carbonyl sulfide in monoxide with , by the reduction . Most carbonyl sulfide enters the air and duration oral MRLs were derived for humans or animals. of with carbon, or by the can remain for a long time in the upper carbonyl sulfide. reaction of phosgene and cadmium atmosphere. Children’s Health sulfide. . Carbonyl sulfide does not adsorb to soils, . Children exposed to carbonyl sulfide . Carbonyl sulfide is produced as an and may thus enter groundwater from would be expected to experience effects impurity in natural gas and refinery gases, which it quickly dissipates to air. similar to those expected in adults. from combustion of sulfur-containing . Carbonyl sulfide can be broken down . No information was located regarding fuels, and from the pyrolysis of slowly in air by photochemical reactions carbonyl sulfide-related developmental carbonaceous fuels with , steam, and by photochemically-produced effects in humans or experimental and sulfur compounds. hydroxyl radicals. animals. . Carbonyl sulfide has few commercial . In water, carbonyl sulfide slowly uses; it can be used in the manufacture of hydrolyzes to form and thiocarbamate herbicides, synthesis of . aliphatic polyureas, and production of . selected organic compounds and Carbonyl sulfide on soil surfaces tends to semiconductors. volatilize into the air. Ambient carbonyl sulfide in soil may be degraded by some . Carbonyl sulfide may be used as a grain bacteria. fumigant. . Carbonyl sulfide is not expected to bioconcentrate in fish or other aquatic organisms.