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1 Jurnal Skripsi Analisis Kenaikan Harga Tiket Pesawat Udara Tahun

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1 Jurnal Skripsi Analisis Kenaikan Harga Tiket Pesawat Udara Tahun Jurnal Skripsi Analisis Kenaikan Harga Tiket Pesawat Udara Tahun 2019 untuk Penerbangan Rute Domestik Berdasarkan Keputusan Menteri Perhubungan No KM 72 Tahun 2019 Risky Maharani Fakultas Hukum Universitas Semarang [email protected] ABSTRAK Pada era modern ini, dibutuhkan transportasi yang cepat dan efisien maka dari itu penerbangan domestik banyak dipilih masyarakat, namun awal tahun 2019, masyarakat Indonesia dihebohkan dengan berita kenaikan harga pada tiket rute domestik penerbangan niaga Indonesia. Dalam penelitian ini penulis akan meneliti tentang penerapan tarif tiket pesawat domestik tahun 2019, faktor penyebab kenaikan tiket pesawat tahun 2019, dan peran pemerintah dalam memantau dan mengawasi kenaikan harga tiket pesawat tiket domestik tahun 2019 berdasarkan keputusan Menteri Perhubungan No KM 72 tahun 2019. Jenis penelitian ini adalah yuridis normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan, data yang dipakai adalah data sekunder yang diambil dengan cara studi dokumentasi dan studi pustaka, data tersebut dianalisis dengan metode analisis kualitatif. Hasil dari penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa penerapan harga tiket pesawat domestik mengandung tarif jarak, pajak 10% dan iuran wajib Rp5,000 juga biaya tuslah. Faktor kenaikan harga tiket pesawat udara domestik tahun 2019 adalah dari harga avtur, nilai tukar, pajak, potensi kartel, dan hari libur. Peran pemerintah adalah mengevaluasi setiap 3 bulan dan melakukan pengawasan seperti pengawasan oleh direktorat angkatan udara, laporan dari prenyelenggara bandar udara, media elektronik, laporan masyarakat , harga yg tercantum dalam tiket, dan pemberitaan agen. Badan usaha penerbangan tiket domestik sudah taat terhadap peraturan menteri perhubungan No KM 72 tahun 2019. Kata Kunci : Kenaikan, Tiket, Penerbangan, Domestik. 1 ABSTRACT In this modern era, fast and efficient transportation is needed, therefore many domestic flights have been chosen by the public, but in early 2019, the Indonesian people were shocked by the news of price increases on domestic flight routes for Indonesian commercial airlines. In this study, the writer will examine the application of domestic plane ticket tariffs in 2019, the factors causing the increase in airplane tickets in 2019, and the role of the government in monitoring and overseeing the increase in domestic airplane ticket prices in 2019 based on the Minister of Transportation's decision No. KM 72 in 2019. Type of research This is a normative juridical with a statutory approach, the data used are secondary data taken by means of documentation studies and literature studies, the data are analyzed by qualitative analysis methods. The results of the study concluded that the application of the price of domestic airplane tickets contained distance rates, 10% tax and compulsory contributions of Rp5,000 as well as costs. The factor of the increase in domestic airplane ticket prices in 2019 is from the aviation fuel price, exchange rates, taxes, potential cartels, and holidays. The role of the government is to evaluate every 3 months and conduct supervision such as supervision by the directorate of the air force, reports from airport operators, electronic media, public reports, prices listed on tickets, and news coverage of agents. Domestic ticket business entities have obeyed the minister of transportation regulation No. KM 72 in 2019 Keywords : Increase, Ticket, Flight, Domestic The marriage LAW No. 1 of 1974. set in article 7 paragraph (1) which reads: "marriage is only allowed if the man has reached the age of 19years old and women reached the age of 16 years, such restrictions to protect the offspring to be born, but the legislation gives leeway to couples that are less age to make a marriage. Consideration of judge in granting the dispensation to mate, i.e. bride ready born inner, fears of religious norms violation occurs, an adult, as well as economically to have a steady income. The judge in refusing exemption marries i.e. bride relationship, do not have the mental preparedness and no alarming thing to be married soon. The mating did not affect the exemption from the existence of the marriage because of their age are still relatively young and the age of marriage they are still relatively young so they are reluctant to make a divorce because the Statute itself mengadung basic percerean was compounded. The method used is the approach of the juridical normative, descriptive research analytical specifications, methods of determination of samples using non-random sampling, a method of collecting data by using secondary data include the law of primary and secondary legal materials, then analyzed qualitatively. Research results about the Court ruling Religious Verdict Number 0207 Semarang/Pdt. P/Pa/2015. about Dispensed Smg fundamental mated, on consideration of the benefits for both the prospective bride. Judge over use of the nonprofit daruriyyah maslahah considerations. deration of the judge, Dispensation Of Marriage, Children Under Age, Religious Courts. 2 A. Latar Belakang Penelitian Transportasi berasal dari kata latin "transportare", trans berarti seberang atau sebelah lain dan portare berarti mengangkut atau membawa (sesuatu) ke sebelah lain atau suatu tempat ke tempat lainnya. Transportasi dapat didefinisikan sebagau suatu usaha dan kegiatan mengangkut atau membawa barang dan/atau penumpang dari suatu tempat ketempat lain.1 Transportasi dibagi menjadi transportasi darat, transportasi laut dan transportasi udara. Apabila ingin bepergian dalam jarak dekat maka calon penumpang bisa memilih transportasi darat namun apabila bepergian luar kota yang cukup jauh atau luar pulau calon penumpang lebih memilih menggunakan transportasi penerbangan udara karena jarak waktu tempuh yang relative lebih cepat. Pada era modern ini transportasi yang cepat dan efisienadalah satu keharusan jika tidak mau ketinggalan satu langkah dari yang lainnya.2 belakangan ini tepatnya pada awal tahun 2019, masyarakat Indonesia dihebohkan dengan berita kenaikan harga pada tiket rute domestik penerbangan niaga Indonesia.Banyak maskapai penerbangan dalam negeri menaikan harga tiket melebihi batas maksimum yang ditetapkan oleh pemerintah. Indonesia National Air Carrier Association(INACA) mengakui rata-rata kenaikan harga tiket pesawat sebesar 40 persen sampai 120 persen beberapa waktu terakhir.Kenaikan itu terjadi sejak November tahun lalu atau jelang momen Natal dan Tahun Baru.Ketua Umum Indonesia National Air Carrier Association (INACA) Akshara Danadiputra mengakui kenaikan harga tiket pesawat bermula dari perusahaan yang ia pimpin, yakni PT. Garuda Indonesia (Persero), Tbk. Setelah itu, sejumlah maskapai penerbangan lain mengikuti langkah perusahaan pelat merah tersebut.3 Kenaikan tarif batas bawah ini sebenarnya sudah diwacanakan sejak Agustus 2018. Saat itu, kenaikan tarif batas bawah dilakukan setelah Kementerian Perhubungan melakukan evaluasi atas permintaan maskapai penerbangan, salah satunya PT. Garuda Indonesia (Persero),Tbk. Hanya saja, belum ada regulasi yang melegalkan kenaikan tarif batas bawah tersebut hingga saat ini. Dengan adanya Keputusan Menteri Perhubungan Nomor 72 Tahun 2019, maka kenaikan tarif batas bawah tersebut dapat segera diimplementasikan oleh maskapai.Selain itu, 1 Herry Gunawan, Pengantar Transportasi dan Logistik (Jakarta: Rajawali Pers, 2014), halaman 1. 2 Chappy Hakim, dkk, Pelangi Dirgantara (Jakarta: Compas, 2010) halaman 74. 3 Cnnindonesia.com. “Kenaikan Harga Tiket Pesawat Sempat Tembus 120 Persen” (https://www.cnnindonesia.com/ekonomi/20190115191331-92-361065/kenaikan-harga-tiket-pesa wat- sempat-tembus-120-persen/, diakses 28 April 2019, pukul 15.19). 2019. 3 Kementerian Perhubungan memerintahkan pihak maskapai memperhatikan masukan dari pengguna jasa penerbangan, persaingan sehat, serta perlindungan konsumen dalam menetapkan besaran tarif tiket pesawat terbang tersebut.Selain itu, maskapai juga harus mempublikasikan keputusan dalam menentukan besaran tarif tiket pesawat terbang tersebut. Lewat beleid Peraturan Menhub Nomor 20 Tahun 2019 tentang Tata Cara dan Formulasi Perhitungan Tarif Pesawat Terbang, Kemenhub mendorong maskapai tidak semata memperhatikan kelangsungan industri penerbangan ketika menetapkan tarif tiket pesawat.4 Berdasarkan uraian tersebut maka peneliti tertarik untuk melakukan penelitian dengan judul “Analisis Kenaikan Harga Tiket Pesawat Udara Tahun 2019 untuk Penerbangan Rute Domestik Berdasarkan Keputusan Menteri Perhubungan No KM 72 Tahun 2019.’’ B. Perumusan Masalah 1. Bagaimana penerapan tarif yang ditetapkan pemerintah terhadap harga tiket pesawat udara rute domestik Tahun 2019 berdasarkan Keputusan Menteri Perhubungan No KM 72 Tahun 2019 ? 2. Apakah faktor faktor penyebab kenaikan harga tiket pesawat udara rute domestik pada Tahun 2019 berdasarkan Keputusan Menteri Perhubungan No KM 72 Tahun 2019 ? 3. Bagaimana peran pemerintah dalam memantau dan mengawasi kenaikan harga tiket pesawat udara rute domestikTahun 2019 berdasarkan Keputusan Menteri Perhubungan No KM 72 Tahun 2019 ? C. Tujuan dan Manfaat Penelitian 1. Tujuan Penelitian a. Untuk mendeskripsikan penerapan tarif yang ditetapkan pemerintah terhadap harga tiket pesawat udara rute domestik Tahun 2019 berdasarkan Keputusan Menteri Perhubungan No KM 72 Tahun 2019 b. Untuk dapat mengetahui faktor faktor penyebab kenaikan harga tiket pesawat udara rute domestik pada Tahun 2019 berdasarkan Keputusan Menteri Perhubungan No KM 72 Tahun 2019 c. Untuk mengetahui peran pemerintah dalam memantau dan mengawasi kenaikan harga tiket pesawat udara rute domestik
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