Lowell, Francis and America’s First Industry Integrated Factory and Water Turbine

CEE 102: Prof. Michael G. Littman Course Administrator: Catherine Eiben [email protected]

Computers for NOTETAKING ONLY Please - NO Cell Phones, Texting, Internet use 1 Independence, Iron, and Early Industry 1776 - 1855

1775 1800 1825 1850

2 Independence, Iron, and Early Industry 1776 - 1855

1775 1800 1825 1850

Watt

Engine 3 Independence, Iron, and Early Industry 1776 - 1855

1775 1800 1825 1850

Watt Telford

Engine – Bridge 4 Independence, Iron, and Early Industry 1776 - 1855

1775 1800 1825 1850

Watt Telford

Fulton Shreve

Engine – Bridge – Boat 5 Independence, Iron, and Early Industry 1776 - 1855

1775 1800 1825 1850

Watt Telford

Fulton Shreve

Lowell Francis

City of Lowell

Engine – Bridge – Boat – Textiles 6 Textiles in America

Mechanization and Water Power Planned Factory Town Wealth and Education

7 Textiles in America

Mechanization and Water Power Planned Factory Town Wealth and Education

8 Textiles in America

Mechanization and Water Power Planned Factory Town Wealth and Education

And this is good old The home of the bean and the cod, Where the Lowells talk to the Cabots, 9 And the Cabots talk only to God Img0001.pcd

10 entrepreneur

Mathematical mind Business acumen Ideal for industry

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11 Francis Cabot Lowell entrepreneur

Mathematical mind Business acumen Ideal for industry

12 Francis Cabot Lowell entrepreneur

Mathematical mind Business acumen Ideal for industry

13 Img0001.pcd

14 The Integrated Factory Bale to Bolt

Boston Associates - First corporation. Investors responsible up to investment amount – not personal fortune.

15 The Integrated Factory This indenture made this first day of November Bale to Bolt Eighteen Hundred & Thirteen, between the Boston Manufacturing Company on the one part & Paul Moody on the other, Witnesseth, that whereas said Company are about establishing the Manufacture of Linen, Woollen & Cotton Goods at their Mills in Waltham, & said Moody has agreed to superintend the same … 16 The Integrated Factory Bale to Bolt

17 Pawtucket Falls

18 Pawtucket Falls

19 20 AGRICULTURE INDUSTRY

21 22 Img0001.pcd

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30 31 VIDEO

32 33 34 James B. Francis engineer

Efficient Water Motor “Water Policeman” – the Weir Canal Walk and Lock Gate

35 James B. Francis engineer

Efficient Water Motor “Water Policeman” – the Weir Canal Walk and Lock Gate

36 James B. Francis engineer

Efficient Water Motor “Water Policeman” – the Weir Canal Walk and Lock Gate

VIDEO

37 James B. Francis engineer

Efficient Water Motor “Water Policeman” – the Weir Canal Walk and Lock Gate

38 39 h

40 L

h h

h

41 L

h h

42 L

h h

43 WEIR

H

44 WEIR

H

45 WEIR

H

46 WEIR

H

POWER IN POWER OUT

47 Wheel slides against tight drum. Friction causes it to heat up. Slide hands back and forth while pressing them together. Palms get hot.

POWER OUT

48 Wheel slides against tight drum. Friction causes it to heat up. Slide hands back and forth while pressing them together. Palms get hot.

T is force needed to keep wheel sliding at speed V. POWER OUT Hp is power dumped into drum causing it to get hot.

49 Wheel slides against tight drum. Friction causes it to heat up. Slide hands back and forth while pressing them together. Palms get hot.

DEMONSTRATION

T is force needed to keep wheel sliding at speed V. POWER OUT Hp is power dumped into drum causing it to get hot.

50 James B. Francis engineer Efficient Water Motor “Water Policeman” – the Weir Canal Walk and Lock Gate

51 James B. Francis engineer Efficient Water Motor “Water Policeman” – the Weir Canal Walk and Lock Gate

52 53 Img0001.pcd

54 55 56 Pawtucket Dam

57 Pawtucket Dam Hoover Dam

58 Hoover Dam

1 of 19 Francis Turbines and Generators 59 60 Massachusetts Institute of Technology

61 The Lowell Family

Percival Lowell – Harvard Astronomer Abbott Lawrence Lowell – Harvard President – Harvard Prof and Poet – Poet Massachusetts Institute of Technology – Poet

62 The Lowell Family

Percival Lowell – Harvard Astronomer Abbott Lawrence Lowell – Harvard President James Russell Lowell – Harvard Prof and Poet Amy Lowell – Poet Robert Lowell – Poet

63 The Lowell Family

Percival Lowell – Harvard Astronomer Abbott Lawrence Lowell – Harvard President James Russell Lowell – Harvard Prof and Poet Amy Lowell – Poet Robert Lowell – Poet

64 65 66 Key Ideas

Mechanization and Water Power Planned Factory Town Wealth and Education

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