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July-August 1997 JEWISH $3.00 Frontier 1897 POST-PERES LABOR 1997 ZIONISM AND THE JEWISH STATE 1897 HISTADRUT RENEWAL 1997 THE SPIRIT OF HARAV KOOK 1897 "JEWISH POWER" REVIEWED 1997 MEXICAN JEWRY 1897 ORIGIN OF HABONIM 1997 JACOB L E STC H I N S KY, STATISTICIAN S I N C E 19 3 4 A LABOR ZIONIST JOURNAL JEWISH CONTENTS Vol . LXIV, No . 4 (627) Frontier JULY/AUGUST 1997 Israel 3 SINCE 1934 POST PERES LABOR Susan Hattis Rolef A LABOR ZIONIST JOURNAL History 5 Mark A. Raider Founders ZIONISM AND THE JEWISH STATE Hayim Greenberg Marie Syrkin Histadrut 9 IS RENEWAL UNDERWAY? Jerry Goodman Editorial Board Dialogue 11 Henry Feingold, Chairman IN THE SPIRIT OF HARAV KOOK Gustave Pearlman Saul B. Cohen Hyman Fame Poetry 14 Jonathan J. Goldberg THE LYNCHING OF LEO FRANK Emanuel S . Goldsmith Jerry Goodman A FRIDAY NIGHT Jon Nalley Rabbi Mark W. Kiel Jeffry V. Mallow Review Essay 15 Daniel Mann JEWISH POWER by J.J. GOLDBERG Daniel Mann Mordecai Newman Samuel Norich Michael S . Perry MADELEINE ALBRIGHT AND THE 20 Mark Raider MAGIC CIRCLE Harold Ticktin Eduardo Rauch Chava Reich South of the Border 22 Mordecai Shtrigler MEXICAN JEWRY Edward B. Glick Ezra Spicehandler Phyllis Sutker David Twersky A Cozy Nook 24 RAANANAH AT 60 Nahum Guttman THE TRIANGLE FIRE RECALLED 25 Editor ORIGIN OF AMERICAN HABONIM 26 Yehuda Riemer NOTE TO SUBSCRIBERS Biography 29 If you plan to move, please notify JACOB LESTCHINSKY David Rosenthal us six weeks in advance . Contributors 21 JEWISH FRONTIER (ISSN-0021-6453) is published bi-monthly by Labor Zionist JEWISH FRONTIER Letters, Inc . Editorial and advertising offices at 275 Seventh Avenue, New York, NY 10001 . Periodicals postage paid at New York, NY. POSTMASTER: Send address changes to Circulation, Jewish Frontier, 275 Seventh Avenue, 17th Floor, New York, 275 Seventh Avenue NY 10001 . Subscription rates for U.S. and possessions, $15 .00 per year for 6 issues, $25 .00 for 17th Floor two years for 12 issues . Add $2.50 for Canada . All other countries - $20 .00 per year ; New York, NY 10001 All foreign subscribers - remit in U.S. dollars drawn on a U.S. bank. Back issues- payable in advance at $5 .00 each. Editorial / article contributions should be sent to the editorial office and be accom- Telephone: (212) 229-2280 panied by return postage. Editorial and advertising rates available on request . (212) 366-1194 All material (unless otherwise noted) © 1997 Jewish Frontier . Signed articles do not necessarily reflect the official position of JEWISH FRONTIER . Fax: (212) 675-7685 JEWISH FRONTIER is available on microfilm from : University Microfilm, 300 North Zeeb Road, Ann Arbor, MI 48106 . Distributed by Bernhard De Boer, Inc., 113 East Centre St ., Nutley, NJ 07110. Israel Post-Peres Labor by Susan Hattis Rolef abor's leadership primaries, held on June Peres's sulking somewhat spoiled the festive L3rd, were lacking in tension or excitement . The atmosphere, which should have accompanied result - a victory for former Chief of Staff the changing of the guard in the Labor Party, Ehud Barak - seemed all along a foregone from the generation born in the 1920s to that conclusion, even though there were some born in the 1940s - skipping over the rather within the party, who hoped until the last gray generation of apparatchiks and profes- moment that unlike Benjamin Netanyahu in sional politicians born in the 1930s . Some were the Likud primaries back in March 1993, angry with Barak for not being more magnan- Barak would get less than 50% of the votes . imous with Peres, when he refused to consider They felt that too sweeping a victory, especially Peres being appointed Party President . But in a situation where there were four contes- Barak was probably right in his decision . tants, would encourage Barak to act within the Labor Party as Netanyahu had done in the eres has apparently not yet resigned him- Likud - as a soloist, eager to neutrali e all self to change, and is not yet ready to potential sources of opposition to himself. assumeP the role that should rightfully be his : Barak ended up getting 50 .33% of the votes . that of the wise old statesman, whom former Yossi Beilin came in second with 28 .51% friends and foes alike come to consult . He still Shlomo Ben Ami third with 14.17% and Efraim wants to be at the center of the stage, refusing Sneh fourth with 6 .6% . Given these results, to grasp that for him the curtain has gone Barak's position in the party seems safe, even down, and that despite his many talents and though Haim Ramon - who decided not to achievements he will never again be given the participate in the current leadership contest, opportunity to try to win an election . "Am I a because he is still held responsible by many for loser?" he asked at the last meeting of the Labor's failure in last year's election due to the Labor Party Conference, and the crowd excessively mild election campaign which he shouted back "yes" . The sad truth is that Peres ran, and for the collapse of the Histadrut after never won a national election, though twice he he was elected its Secretary General in May became Prime Minister by default - once in 1994 - has stated that under certain circum- 1984, within the framework of the National stances he might still stand for election Unity Government, in a situation of a draw against Barak in 1 .999. between the left-Arab bloc and right-religious Even though it was obvious to everyone that bloc; the second time in November 1995, after former Labor Party chairman Shimon Peres Yit hak Rabin's assassination . Before Peres preferred Beilin of the four candidates - he can formally assume the role of elder states- kept mum . Peres himself said that it was man, and be welcomed as such by Barak, he because he felt that his position as outgoing must undergo a metamorphosis . In his present leader called for formal neutrality, but there mood he could easily turn into a liability to a were some who said that the whole situation Labor Party which urgently needs to change was simply too painful for him, and as he had its image, though some Likudniks have already done previously in similar situations (for cynically embraced Peres "as the first victim of example, after going through with the rotation the over-ambitious Barak" . agreement with Yit hak Shamir in October As to Labor's newly elected leader, Barak 1986), he just clammed up . seems to be willing to build a leadership team JULY/AUGUST 1997 3 in which three other contestants, and Haim Labor's future economic strategy. Ramon, in addition to the leading MKs who More immediately Barak must decide about supported him in the leadership contest - the future of the post of Secretary General of Binyamin (Faud) Ben Elie er, Avraham Beiga the Labor Party. In the past the Secretary Gen- Shohat, U i Baram and Hagai Merom - will eral was a politician, elected by the Central all take part. However it is difficult to tell what Committee to run the party apparatus. Since form this leadership will take, or what Barak's the Labor Party was formed in 1968 the fol- own leadership style will be like . Barak started lowing personalities held the post : Pinhas off by holding meetings with each of the per- Sapir (1967-1970) ; Arie Lova Eliav (1970- sonalities involved. He is a good listener, but 1971); Yisrael Yeshayahu (1971-1972) ; Aharon many of those who have worked with him in Yadlin (1972-1974) ; Me'ir Zarmi (1974-1977) ; the past argue that - to rephrase several lines Haim Bar Lev (1977-1984) ; U i Baram (1984- from one of the songs in the famous musical 1989); Micha Harish (1989-1992) ; Nissim Zvili "My Fair Lady" (it was Prof. Higgins talking (1992-1997). All but Zarmi were Knesset mem- about women) - "He will ask for your advice, bers when elected. After Nissim Zvili failed to your reply will be concise, he will listen very get Peres elected President of the Party, he nicely and go out and do precisely as he wants ." announced his intention of resigning the post right after the leadership primaries. Barak ccording to press reports Shohat and responded by stating that he intended to do Baram are pressing Barak to set up a away with the post and instead hire a profes- Aleadership team made up of no more than 12 sional Director General (Netanyahu appointed personalities, with whom he will consult regu- Avigdor Liberman - today the Director Gen- larly. Beilin and the chairman of the party's eral of the Prime Minster's Office - as Direc- Knesset parliamentary group, Ra'anan Cohen, tor General of the Likud after he was elected are pressing for the setting up of a "shadow Chairman in March 1993) . Peres has been try- cabinet", such as is customary in Britain, and ing to talk Barak out of the idea, as have sev- the appointment of specific personalities to eral others who regard themselves as candi- head specific "shadow ministries" to keep tail- dates for the post, such as MKs Ra'anan ing the real ministers and trying to give them Cohen, Ori Orr and Hagai Merom, and individ- as hard a time as possible . Barak is said to pre- uals like Shlomo Ben Ami and Efraim Sneh . fer the formation of clusters of party members This is a serious issue , since it concerns the to deal with particular spheres, both on the future structure and management of the party, current level and planning level .
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