Manawatū District Social Indicator Report 2020

4 March 2021 Monitored outcomes

• High level indicators – population growth, income, GDP per capita • Welfare –Income, deprivation index, employment, JS, unemployment • Health – Life expectancy, smoking, healthy homes, disease, immunization rates • Education –NCEA Level 2, Māori educational attainment, skilled employment • Housing –Housing and rental affordability, home ownership, average rental costs • Transport –Travel modes, inclusion of working from home in the 2020 statistics • Justice –The local crime rate is below weighted national averages • Democracy –Local engagement exceeds national but % has declined • Connectivity –Local internet access falls short of national connectivity High level indicators

Population • We have a greater % of people aged 0‐14 years, 40‐64 years and 65+ than the national average, and a lower % of those aged 15‐39 years; • % of the local population aged 0‐14 years and 40‐64 years have ↓. Those aged 15‐39 years and 65+ have ↑.

Average household income • $96,700 (March 2019) ↑ 16.5% between March 2017 and March 2019. • This compares with $106,600 NZ ↑ 9.8%

GDP per capita • $33,544 (March 2019) ↑ 11.1% between March 2017 and March 2019. • This compares with $60,939 NZ ↑ 8.0% Welfare – We have a lower level of deprivation locally than nationally

Deprivation Index SA2 1.0 Mount Taylor, Taonui 2.0 Tokorangi, ‐Apiti, Sandon 3.0 Taikorea 4.0 Awahuri 5.0 , Ohakea‐Sanson, Kimbolton North, Kimbolton South 7.0 Makino, Warwick 8.0 Oroua Downs, Kimbolton West 9.0 Central Statistics geographies –SA2s vs Area Units Welfare – A greater proportion of our families own their own homes

Owner‐occupied home ownership Individual home ownership across ethnicities Welfare

Unemployment remains substantially lower than the national average… • Local unemployment rate is 2.8% (Sept 2020) vs 3.8% (Sept 2017). This compares with 4.4% for . • Māori unemployment rate is 4.5% compared with 8.2% for New Zealand. however, jobseeker numbers remain stubbornly high. • Jobseekers ↑ 30.2% in 2020 to a total of 962. Jobseeker numbers for NZ ↑ 45.9% over the same period.

The dependency ratio reflects the higher proportion of younger and older residents in the local community • Local dependency ratio fell from 62.5% to 60.6% between 2018 and 2020. This exceeds the national dependency ratio of 50.3% in 2020 (52.8% in 2018).

Labour force participation is lower in the District than nationally, while the employment rate is slightly higher. • LFP declined from 69.9% in 2017 to 69.7% in June 2020. LFP also declined nationally, falling from 70.7% to 70.2% in 2020.

The percentage of the population in highly skilled employment increased from 24.8% (2018) to 35.0% (2020). This compares with 33.3% of the national population (2018) increasing to 37.8% (2020). Health We have a lower life expectancy than nationally • Average life expectancy for females in the District is 83.4 years, the same as 2018. • Average life expectancy for local males is 80.0 years, an increase of 0.5 years from 2018. • In contrast, national life expectancy for females is 83.7 years and 80.4 years for males. and a higher but declining percentage of smokers • 14.1% of the population report as regular smokers in the District compared with 13.2% nationally. • Smoking rates ↓ since 2018 both naonally and locally A smaller percentage of local homes have no source of heating, fewer people live in crowded households and we have a lower incidence of rheumatic fever • 1.0% of our homes had no source of heang in 2020 vs 4.0% of NZ homes (↓ from 1.1%) • 2.8% of our population live in crowded households compared with 5.7% of the NZ population. Rates of crowding are declining with local rate declining from 4.3% and the national rate declining from 9.3% in 2018. A greater percentage of our 5‐year‐olds are fully immunised • 91.2% local immunisation vs 88.0% nationally. Immunisation rates have declined since 2018 (District 93.0%; Nationally 88.4%). Education

A higher percentage of local school leavers achieved NCEA Level 2 or above • 90.0% of local school leavers achieved NCEA Level 2 in 2018 compared with 85.1% of national school leavers. • A lower percentage of local Māori school leavers achieved NCEA Level 2 in 2018 than 2017. Latest data indicates attainment levels of Māori in the District remain consistently above the national level of 64.7%.

National Standards achievement in reading, writing and maths is no longer available due to the National Standards being dumped in 2017. No other source of early educational achievement is available at this time. Housing – double digit growth in average rents Transport

28% of the local workforce works outside the district explaining the high proportion of vehicle use locally.

Percentage of commuters using transport modes as main means of travel to work Manawatū New Zealand Manawatū New Zealand District District 2013 2018 Cycling 1.8% 2.9% 1.0% 2.0% Walking or 5.3% 6.8% 3.4% 5.2% jogging Car, truck or 88.4% 81.7% 76.4% 73.0% van Work at home 16.6% 11.9% Justice

Crime statistics imply the relative safety of our communities compared with national statistics

Crime Number of crimes per 10,000 population Ratio of crime victimisation

Manawatu New Zealand Manawatu New Zealand 2020 2018 2020 2018 2020 2018 2020 2018 Unlawful entry with 142 152 152 172 0.93 0.88 1.00 1.00 intent/ burglary Sexual assault 3 4 6 5 0.63 0.85 1.00 1.00 Theft 91 86 157 153 0.58 0.56 1.00 1.00 Democracy

Local engagement in local body elections is high relative to the national average although declining from 2016

General election engagement increased in the 2019 national election while local engagement was relatively unchanged

Local body elections (voter turnout)

Manawatū District New Zealand 48.0% 2016 43.0% 2016 43.9% 2019 41.7% 2019

General elections (% of eligible voters enrolled)

Manawatū District New Zealand 94.2% 2016 91.5% 2016 94.1% 2019 94.1% 2019 Connectivity

Local internet access continues to fall short of national levels of connectivity 76.8% of households in the district have access to internet. This is an increase from 73.7% in 2013. This compares with 86.1% of total New Zealand households in 2018 and 83.7% in 2013.

Location Internet access 2018 Manawatū District 76.8% Manawatū‐Whanganui 81.1% Region Palmerston North 86.1% Rangitikei District 77.8% Ruapehu District 75.0% Tararua District 76.3% Wellington City 92.3%

Auckland Region 89.5% Concluding comments

• Population, income and GDP growth are positive; • Deprivation levels have not increased since 2013 and compare well nationally; • Locals have greater access to home ownership across ethnicities, incomes and ages; • There are no surprises in the labour force indicators. They remain positive overall; • Health indicators are relatively positive despite lower average life expectancy; • NCEA level 2 and above attainment exceeds national performance; • Rental and housing affordability has deteriorated in the District; • Employment structure explains the higher rate of vehicle use in the District; • Crime statistics imply the relative safety of local communities; and, • Connectivity (along housing affordability) is highlighted as an area where substantial improvement is needed. Any questions or comments