DOCSLIB.ORG

The RUSALCA Mission and Detection of Change in the Diversity and Distribution of fishes

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
The RUSALCA Mission and Detection of Change in the Diversity and Distribution of fishes Lowell Wakefield Symposium Anchorage, Alaska 27 March 2013 The RUSALCA mission and detection of change in the diversity and distribution of fishes Presentation by Catherine W. Mecklenburg T. Anthony Mecklenburg Lowell Wakefield Symposium Anchorage, Alaska 27 March 2013 The RUSALCA mission and detection of change in the diversity and distribution of fishes Presentation by Catherine W. Mecklenburg T. Anthony Mecklenburg RUSSIAN–AMERICAN LONG- TERM CENSUS OF THE ARCTIC (RUSALCA) Cooperative program, started in 2003: National Oceanic & Atmospheric Administration & Russian Academy of Sciences Objectives •Document the state of the Arctic climate and marine life — particularly in regions of projected rapid change. •Detect change in Arctic climate and marine life. Arctic Marine Fish Museum Specimens Database, 2010 Catch localities for 10,285 catalog lots Chukchi Borderland U.S. 200-mile limit East Siberian Sea Beaufort Sea Chukchi Sea Otter trawl stations, RUSALCA 2004, 2009, 2012 Norway Russia Svalbard Collection localities for samples in the Greenland Arctic fish DNA Baffin barcode database Bay (C.W. Mecklenburg, PI) Hudson Bay 1, 649 CO1 Russia sequences Canada (barcodes) ~200 species Alaska SE Alaska Washington Biodiversity of Arctic Marine Fishes: Taxonomy and Zoogeography (Marine Biodiversity 41(1):109–140 + Online Resources 1–5 ) • Catherine W. Mecklenburg, Research Associate, California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco; Private Consultant, Point Stephens Research, Auke Bay, Alaska • Peter R. Møller, Head of Vertebrate Zoology and Curator of Fishes, Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen • Dirk Steinke, Lead Scientist, Barcoding of Marine Life, Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, University of Guelph, Ontario, Canada Mar Biodiv(2011) 4l:109-140 DOI 10. 1 007 1s12526-0 I 0-0070-z SENCKENBERG Arctic Region Biodiversityof arctic marine fishes:taxonomy (green) and zoogeography Catherine W. Mecklenburg . Peter Rask Msller Dirk Steinke Received:3 June2010/Revised: 23 September2010/Accepted: 1 November2010/Published online: I December2010 i() Senckenberg,Gesellschaft flir Naturforschungand Springer2010 Abstract Taxonomicand distributionalinformation on each Six families in Cottoidei with 72 species and five in fish speciesfound in arctic marinewaters is reviewed,and a Zoarcoidei with 55 species account for more than half list of familiesand specieswith commentaryon distributional (52.5%)the species.This studyproduced Col sequencesfor records is presented.The list incorporatesresults from 106 of the 242 species.Sequence variability in the barcode examinationof museum collectionsof arctic marine fishes region permits discrimination of all species.The average dating back to the 1830s.It also incorporatesresults from sequencevariafion within specieswas 0.3% (range0-3 .5oh), DNA barcoding,used to complementmorphological charac- while the averagegenetic distancebetween congeners was ters in evaluatingproblematic taxa and to assistin identifica- 4.7% (range 3.7-13.3%). The coL sequencessupport tion of specimenscollected in recentexpeditions. Barcoding taxonomic separationof some species,such as Osmerus results are depictedin a neighbor-joiningtree of 880 COI dentex and O. mordax and Liparis bathyarcticus and L. (cytochromec oxidase 1 gene)sequences distributed among gibbus,' and synonymy of others, like Myoxocephalus 165 speciesfrom the arctic region and adjacentwaters, and verruco,sttsin M. scorpius and Gymneluslmipowitschi in discussedin the family reviews.Using our definition of the G. hemtfasciatus.They sometimesrevealed the presenceof arctic region, we count 242 species with documented additionalspecies that were not entirely expected,such as an presence,if 12 species that likely are synonyms are unidentified speciesof Ammodytesin the western Gulf of excluded.The 242 speciesare distributedarnong 45 families. Alaska,most likely A. personatus,'and an unidentifiedlcelus speciesof the I. spatula complex with populationsin the westernGulf of Alaska and the northernBering and Chukchi This article belongs to the special issue "Arctic Ocean Diversity Seaswhich couldbe a new speciesor a speciesin synonymy. Synthesis" Reviewing distribution, we found that for 24 speciesthe Electronicsupplementary material Theonline version of thisarticle patternsassigned by authorsunderstated historical presence (doi:I 0.I 007/s12526-A I 0-0070-z) contains supplementary material, in the arctic region, and for 12 species they overstated which is availableto authorizedusers presence.For instance, Hippoglossoidesrobustus is counted (X) C. W. Mecklenburg as an arctic-boreal speciesrather than predominantlyboreal, Department of Ichthyology, California Academy of Sciences, and Artediellus uncinatusas predominantlyarctic rather than mail: Point StephensResearch, P.O. Box 210307, Auke Bay, AK 99821, USA predominantly boreal. Species with arctic, predominantly e-mail: [email protected] arctic, or arctic-boreal distributionscomposed 4l% of the 242 speciesin the region, and predominantlyboreal, boreal, P. R. Msller and widely distributed speciescomposed Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, 59%. For some Universitetsparken I 5, continentalshelf species,such as the primarily amphiboreal 2100 Copenhagen O, Denmark Eumesogrammuspraecisus and Leptoclinus maculatus, distributionsappear to reflect changes,including reentryinto D. Steinke Arctic seasand reestablishmentof Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, University of Guelph, continuousranges, that 50 Stone Road East, zoogeographersbelieve have beengoing on sincethe end of Guelph, Ontario N1G 2Wl , Canada land bridge and glacial times. 6 Springer Mecklenburg, Møller, Steinke. 2011. Marine Biodiversity 41(1):109–140 + Online Resources 1–5 Head spines large, typically doubled or wedge-like Northern Bering Sea Myoxocephalus scorpius Head spines Shorthorn Sculpin absent or small and single Southeastern Gulf of Alaska Myoxocephalus scorpius Shorthorn Sculpin arctic–boreal, circumpolar Geographic distribution Gadus chalcogrammus Pallas, 1814 Walleye Pollock Theragra finnmarchica Norway Pollock (Koefoed 1956) Theragra chalcogramma Walleye Pollock (Pallas 1814) Norway Pollock and Walleye Pollock are the same species (e.g., Ursvik et al. 2007, Byrkjedal et al. 2008) Gadus chalcogrammus Norway Walleye Pollock pollock Chukchi Borderland: 1 at 365–370 m (74°07’ N, 166°01’W) Overall depth range: Surface to 1,200 m Demersal & pelagic RUSALCA 2009 392 mm TL 74°07’N, 166°01’W predominantly boreal Pacific; also North Atlantic Liparis gibbus Variegated Snailfish Liparis bathyarcticus Nebulous Snailfish Very close in appearance, yet they are different species (Chernova 2008) Liparis fabricii Gelatinous Seasnail Liparis tunicatus Kelp Snailfish Liparis bathyarcticus Nebulous Snailfish Liparis gibbus Variegated Snailfish DNA sequences (barcodes) indicate 4 distinct species of Liparis are present in the Chukchi and Beaufort Seas Myoxocephalus stelleri Frog Sculpin Hippoglossoides robustus Bering Flounder Buchan Bay, 1965 Eggs at Bathurst Inlet,1975 East Siberian Sea Long Strait RUSALCA 2009 1934 arctic–boreal Pacific Hippoglossoides robustus = H. elassodon Flathead Sole (Kartavtsev et al. 2007 arctic–boreal Pacific Hippoglossoides robustus = H. elassodon Flathead Sole (Kartavtsev et al. 2007 arctic–boreal Pacific Arctic 41% Boreal 59% Fish species in Arctic Region (n = 242 species) Arctic Arctic 41% 40% Boreal Boreal 59% 60% Fish species in Arctic Region Fish species in Chukchi Sea Marine fish species in the Chukchi Sea Arctic Arctic 46% 40% Boreal Boreal 54% 60% 1939 2011 (Andriashev 1939) (Mecklenburg, Møller, Steinke 2011) Chukchi Cap Chukchi 588 m Borderland Slope Sta 1 100 m 370 m Slope Sta 2 236 m Wrangel I. 2004, 2012 2009 Bering Strait RUSALCA Bottom Trawl Stations & Chukchi Borderland Leptoclinus maculatus Daubed Shanny Arctogadus glacialis Polar Cod Liparis fabricii Gelatinous Seasnail Boreogadus saida Arctic Cod Reinhardtius hippoglossoides Greenland Halibut Gadus chalcogrammus Six species collected in the Chukchi Borderland Walleye Pollock are also found on the continental shelf Careproctus reinhardti Sea Tadpole Artediellus atlanticus Atlantic Hookear Sculpin Cottunculus microps Lycodes adolfi Polar Sculpin Adolf’s Eelpout Lycodes seminudus Triglops nybelini Longear Eelpout Bigeye Sculpin Six species were found only in the Chukchi Borderland Barents Sea Fram Strait Atlantic Water circulation in the Arctic, 200–800 m Lycodes adolfi Nielsen & Fosså, 1993 Adolf’s Eelpout Chukchi Borderland: Yermak 4 at 580–588 m Plateau Overall depth range: 386–1,880 m Benthic 193 mm TL RUSALCA 2009 76°33’N, 164°27’W arctic, mainly Atlantic, probably circumpolar Artediellus atlanticus Atlantic Hookear Sculpin Chukchi Borderland: 5 at 227–236 m 2 at 365–370 m Overall known depth range: 11–1,366 m Benthic 142 mm TL arctic–boreal, mainly Atlantic, possibly circumpolar Pacific-Arctic Marine Fishes A distributional atlas and identification guide to the fishes of the RUSALCA study area (northern Bering Sea, East Siberian, Chukchi, and Beaufort Seas, and the adjacent deep waters of the Arctic Ocean) Mecklenburg and others In preparation !"#$%&'()*+,$-".(/(0+"12.34( !"#$%&#'&(&$%)"*&+($,$$****((()3151("%%$*"6+3742( =)(/&*($<)>&7#$)&%"(+& 4+)&/#$-(*&:+& ?@A&#0&'#/B&*)+<%"& !"#$%&'($')*& ::(##( #+&,#-%)$.#$& ?.#"%.( )+/&#0&1,,)$& C#/B&$#'1-%& 2(3& 6(%1$)&7(*)-&"(5)&3".%)& '*#%8"&#+&,#-%)$.#$&,#$9#+& #0&/#$-(*&:+& 4+)&$#3&#0&,*(%)-& P@(##( ('#5)&*(%)$(*&*.+)&,*(%)-& #"%.( 89(##( #"%.( D"(*EB&3".%)&#$&,.+E&7($E-&,$)-)+%& #+&")(/&#$&'(8E&#0&-#7)&.+/.5./1(*-&
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Noatak National Arctic Range, Alaska and Associated Area of Ecological Concern, Prepared for Fish An
    ~t·. tv\ ,.! " .., / ANADROMOUS FISH INVENTORY NOATAK NATIONAL ARCTIC RANGE, ALASKA and Associated Area of Ecological Concern I. Pre pared for Fish and Wildlife Service by Acetic Environmenta 1 Information and Data Center University of Alaska, Anchorage September 1975 Alaska Resotlrces 99503 Library InfonY'.ett\011 .Services " ... '-c; ~.---_:·1~ ... ~:-;~,·~·:.: - -~ • Anadromous Fish Inventory . Information Framework a. Bibliography The files of the Arctic Environmental Information and Data Center were utilized for the compilation of an initial bibliography. Refcrenc:ed titles were then obtained and citations pertaining to the area and species of interest which appeared in these reports were added to expand the initial bibliography. References were deleted if, when obtained, the study was not found to pertain to the area or species of interest. lQ a few cases where references were unobtainable, such citations are followed by the note "(not seen)" to indicate that any pertinent data contained in this reference is not included in the remainder of the inventory. All possible reference sources are listed with the exception of those containing extremely general subject matter, most early (before 1910) explor- atory reports, and annual report series such as Alaska Fishery and Jur-Seal Industries in (yeat) which were issued prior to 1960. b. Species Lists A list of anadromous and coastal marine fishes for each proposed refuge or proposed additions to existing refuges was compiled. An initial list was taken from each final environmental statement; however, three major taxonomic references were consulted to add to, or delete from this initial list - List of Fishes of Alaska and Adjacent Waters with a Guide to Some of Their Liter~ture (Quast and Hall 1972), Pacific/ Fishes of Canada (Hart 1973), and Freshwnt~r Flshes of Cannda (Scott and Crossman 1973).
    [Show full text]
  • Unusual Fishes FINAL
    Unusual Bycatch in the Pink Shrimp Fishery Northern Spearnose Poacher Agonopsis emmelane Whitebarred Prickleback Poroclinus rothrocki Medusafish Icichthys lockingtoni • Snout pointed, two spines at tip • 10 - 12 white bars with brown/black borders • Long dorsal and anal fins • Pelvic fins brown with white edge • Pelvic fins present (Ragfish looks similar, lacks pelvic fins) Bluebarred Prickleback Plechtobranchus evides • Up to 21 bluish bars on back Smootheye Poacher Xeneretmus leiops • 2-3 black spots on rear of dorsal fin • Three spines at tip of snout • Black blotch at front of first dorsal fin • Eye without prominent thorn-like scales Pacific Tomcod Microgadus proximus • First anal fin begins before second dorsal Eel Leptocephalus Anguilliform species • Three dorsal fins • All true eel species have a transparent larval stage • Ribbon-like or leaf-like, often lack most fins Slim Sculpin Radulinus asprellus • Similar to many poachers, but feels more fleshy • Small scales above lateral line Small chin barbel Jack Mackerel Trachurus symmetricus Lepto = Leaf • Similar to Pacific Mackerel, but has a high lateral line with scutes Cephalus = Head Dwarf Wrymouth Lyconectes aleutensis Hatchetfish Sternoptychidae • Scaleless, red to pink colored • Deeply compressed, quarter-sized • Tiny black eyes • Photophores along side of body Mouth nearly vertical Pacific Argentine Argentina sialis Spotted Cusk-eel Chilara taylori • Small mouth, large eye • Dark spots along side, orange around fins/face • Dorsal and anal fins join caudal fin • Adipose fin
    [Show full text]
  • Early Stages of Fishes in the Western North Atlantic Ocean Volume
    ISBN 0-9689167-4-x Early Stages of Fishes in the Western North Atlantic Ocean (Davis Strait, Southern Greenland and Flemish Cap to Cape Hatteras) Volume One Acipenseriformes through Syngnathiformes Michael P. Fahay ii Early Stages of Fishes in the Western North Atlantic Ocean iii Dedication This monograph is dedicated to those highly skilled larval fish illustrators whose talents and efforts have greatly facilitated the study of fish ontogeny. The works of many of those fine illustrators grace these pages. iv Early Stages of Fishes in the Western North Atlantic Ocean v Preface The contents of this monograph are a revision and update of an earlier atlas describing the eggs and larvae of western Atlantic marine fishes occurring between the Scotian Shelf and Cape Hatteras, North Carolina (Fahay, 1983). The three-fold increase in the total num- ber of species covered in the current compilation is the result of both a larger study area and a recent increase in published ontogenetic studies of fishes by many authors and students of the morphology of early stages of marine fishes. It is a tribute to the efforts of those authors that the ontogeny of greater than 70% of species known from the western North Atlantic Ocean is now well described. Michael Fahay 241 Sabino Road West Bath, Maine 04530 U.S.A. vi Acknowledgements I greatly appreciate the help provided by a number of very knowledgeable friends and colleagues dur- ing the preparation of this monograph. Jon Hare undertook a painstakingly critical review of the entire monograph, corrected omissions, inconsistencies, and errors of fact, and made suggestions which markedly improved its organization and presentation.
    [Show full text]
  • Joint PINRO/IMR Report on the State of the Barents Sea Ecosystem 2006, with Expected Situation and Considerations for Management
    IMR/PINRO J O S I E N I 2 R T 2007 E R E S P O R T JOINT PINRO/IMR REPORT ON THE STATE OFTHE BARENTS SEA ECOSYSTEM IN 2006 WITH EXPECTED SITUATION AND CONSIDERATIONS FOR MANAGEMENT Institute of Marine Research - IMR Polar Research Institute of Marine Fisheries and Oceanography - PINRO This report should be cited as: Stiansen, J.E and A.A. Filin (editors) Joint PINRO/IMR report on the state of the Barents Sea ecosystem 2006, with expected situation and considerations for management. IMR/PINRO Joint Report Series No. 2/2007. ISSN 1502-8828. 209 pp. Contributing authors in alphabetical order: A. Aglen, N.A. Anisimova, B. Bogstad, S. Boitsov, P. Budgell, P. Dalpadado, A.V. Dolgov, K.V. Drevetnyak, K. Drinkwater, A.A. Filin, H. Gjøsæter, A.A. Grekov, D. Howell, Å. Høines, R. Ingvaldsen, V.A. Ivshin, E. Johannesen, L.L. Jørgensen, A.L. Karsakov, J. Klungsøyr, T. Knutsen, P.A. Liubin, L.J. Naustvoll, K. Nedreaas, I.E. Manushin, M. Mauritzen, S. Mehl, N.V. Muchina, M.A. Novikov, E. Olsen, E.L. Orlova, G. Ottersen, V.K. Ozhigin, A.P. Pedchenko, N.F. Plotitsina, M. Skogen, O.V. Smirnov, K.M. Sokolov, E.K. Stenevik, J.E. Stiansen, J. Sundet, O.V. Titov, S. Tjelmeland, V.B. Zabavnikov, S.V. Ziryanov, N. Øien, B. Ådlandsvik, S. Aanes, A. Yu. Zhilin Joint PINRO/IMR report on the state of the Barents Sea ecosystem in 2006, with expected situation and considerations for management ISSUE NO.2 Figure 1.1. Illustration of the rich marine life and interactions in the Barents Sea.
    [Show full text]
  • Table of Contents
    Table of Contents Chapter 2. Alaska Arctic Marine Fish Inventory By Lyman K. Thorsteinson .............................................................................................................. 23 Chapter 3 Alaska Arctic Marine Fish Species By Milton S. Love, Mancy Elder, Catherine W. Mecklenburg Lyman K. Thorsteinson, and T. Anthony Mecklenburg .................................................................. 41 Pacific and Arctic Lamprey ............................................................................................................. 49 Pacific Lamprey………………………………………………………………………………….…………………………49 Arctic Lamprey…………………………………………………………………………………….……………………….55 Spotted Spiny Dogfish to Bering Cisco ……………………………………..…………………….…………………………60 Spotted Spiney Dogfish………………………………………………………………………………………………..60 Arctic Skate………………………………….……………………………………………………………………………….66 Pacific Herring……………………………….……………………………………………………………………………..70 Pond Smelt……………………………………….………………………………………………………………………….78 Pacific Capelin…………………………….………………………………………………………………………………..83 Arctic Smelt………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….91 Chapter 2. Alaska Arctic Marine Fish Inventory By Lyman K. Thorsteinson1 Abstract Introduction Several other marine fishery investigations, including A large number of Arctic fisheries studies were efforts for Arctic data recovery and regional analyses of range started following the publication of the Fishes of Alaska extensions, were ongoing concurrent to this study. These (Mecklenburg and others, 2002). Although the results of included
    [Show full text]
  • Marine Fishes of the Arctic C
    Marine Fishes of the Arctic C. W. Mecklenburg1,2, E. Johannesen3, C. Behe4, I. Byrkjedal5, J. S. Christiansen6, A. Dolgov7, K. J. Hedges8, O. V. Karamushko9, A. Lynghammar6, T. A. Mecklenburg2, P. R. Møller10, R. Wienerroither3, B.A. Holladay11 1 California Academy of Sciences, USA; 2 Point Stephens Research, USA; 3 Institute of Marine Research, Norway; 4 Inuit Circumpolar Council, USA; 5 University Museum of Bergen, Norway; 6 University of Tromsø, Norway; 7 Polar Research Institute of Marine Fisheries and Oceanography, Russia; 8 Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Canada; 9 Russian Academy of Sciences, Murmansk Marine Biological Institute, Russia; 10 University of Copenhagen, Zoological Museum, Denmark, 11University of Alaska Fairbanks, Alaska, USA Recognition of global climate change and the concomitant increased research in Arctic seas have revealed significant knowledge gaps, reviewed recently in the Council of Arctic Flora and Fauna (CAFF) ARCTIC REGION Arctic Biodiversity Assessment. The chapter on marine fishes demonstrated the need for a comprehensive review and assessment Arctic Region, defined as it pertains for marine fishes. of distribution, taxonomy, and biology. The atlas and guide Truly Arctic marine fish species are rarely found under current development will provide a baseline reference for outside of this region. Many warmer-water, Boreal identifying marine fish species of the Arctic region and evaluating species have penetrated into this region. changes in diversity and distribution. Marine Fishes of the Arctic builds on a guide to the Pacific Arctic marine fishes which is nearing completion and has been developed under the Russian–American Long-Term Census of the Arctic sponsored by the U.S.
    [Show full text]
  • Yellowfin Trawling Fish Images 2013 09 16
    Fishes captured aboard the RV Yellowfin in otter trawls: September 2013 Order: Aulopiformes Family: Synodontidae Species: Synodus lucioceps common name: California lizardfish Order: Gadiformes Family: Merlucciidae Species: Merluccius productus common name: Pacific hake Order: Ophidiiformes Family: Ophidiidae Species: Chilara taylori common name: spotted cusk-eel plainfin specklefin Order: Batrachoidiformes Family: Batrachoididae Species: Porichthys notatus & P. myriaster common name: plainfin & specklefin midshipman plainfin specklefin Order: Batrachoidiformes Family: Batrachoididae Species: Porichthys notatus & P. myriaster common name: plainfin & specklefin midshipman plainfin specklefin Order: Batrachoidiformes Family: Batrachoididae Species: Porichthys notatus & P. myriaster common name: plainfin & specklefin midshipman Order: Gasterosteiformes Family: Syngnathidae Species: Syngnathus leptorynchus common name: bay pipefish Order: Scorpaeniformes Family: Scorpaenidae Species: Sebastes semicinctus common name: halfbanded rockfish Order: Scorpaeniformes Family: Scorpaenidae Species: Sebastes dalli common name: calico rockfish Order: Scorpaeniformes Family: Scorpaenidae Species: Sebastes saxicola common name: stripetail rockfish Order: Scorpaeniformes Family: Scorpaenidae Species: Sebastes diploproa common name: splitnose rockfish Order: Scorpaeniformes Family: Scorpaenidae Species: Sebastes rosenblatti common name: greenblotched rockfish juvenile Order: Scorpaeniformes Family: Scorpaenidae Species: Sebastes levis common name: cowcod Order:
    [Show full text]
  • INVERTEBRATE SPECIES in the EASTERN BERING SEA By
    Effects of areas closed to bottom trawling on fish and invertebrate species in the eastern Bering Sea Item Type Thesis Authors Frazier, Christine Ann Download date 01/10/2021 18:30:05 Link to Item http://hdl.handle.net/11122/5018 e f f e c t s o f a r e a s c l o s e d t o b o t t o m t r a w l in g o n fish a n d INVERTEBRATE SPECIES IN THE EASTERN BERING SEA By Christine Ann Frazier RECOMMENDED: — . /Vj Advisory Committee Chair Program Head / \ \ APPROVED: M--- —— [)\ Dean, School of Fisheries and Ocean Sciences • ~7/ . <-/ / f a Dean of the Graduate Sch6oI EFFECTS OF AREAS CLOSED TO BOTTOM TRAWLING ON FISH AND INVERTEBRATE SPECIES IN THE EASTERN BERING SEA A THESIS Presented to the Faculty of the University of Alaska Fairbanks in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE 6 By Christine Ann Frazier, B.A. Fairbanks, Alaska December 2003 UNIVERSITY OF ALASKA FAIRBANKS ABSTRACT The Bering Sea is a productive ecosystem with some of the most important fisheries in the United States. Constant commercial fishing for groundfish has occurred since the 1960s. The implementation of areas closed to bottom trawling to protect critical habitat for fish or crabs resulted in successful management of these fisheries. The efficacy of these closures on non-target species is unknown. This study determined if differences in abundance, biomass, diversity and evenness of dominant fish and invertebrate species occur among areas open and closed to bottom trawling in the eastern Bering Sea between 1996 and 2000.
    [Show full text]
  • Table of Contents
    Table of Contents Chapter 3f Alaska Arctic Marine Fish Species Structure of Species Account……………………………………………………….2 Bigeye sculpin…………………………………………………………………..…10 Ribbed Sculpin……………………………………………………………………..14 Crested Sculpin……………………………………………………………………..20 Eyeshade Sculpin…………………………………………………………………...25 Polar Sculpin………………………………………………………………………..29 Smoothcheek Sculpin……………………………………………………………….33 Alligatorfish…………………………………………………………………………37 Arctic Alligatorfish………………………………………………………………….43 Chapter 3. Alaska Arctic Marine Fish Species Accounts By Milton S. Love1, Nancy Elder2, Catherine W. Mecklenburg3, Lyman K. Thorsteinson2, and T. Anthony Mecklenburg4 Abstract Although tailored to address the specific needs of BOEM Alaska OCS Region NEPA analysts, the information presented Species accounts provide brief, but thorough descriptions in each species account also is meant to be useful to other about what is known, and not known, about the natural life users including state and Federal fisheries managers and histories and functional roles of marine fishes in the Arctic scientists, commercial and subsistence resource communities, marine ecosystem. Information about human influences on and Arctic residents. Readers interested in obtaining additional traditional names and resource use and availability is limited, information about the taxonomy and identification of marine but what information is available provides important insights Arctic fishes are encouraged to consult theFishes of Alaska about marine ecosystem status and condition, seasonal patterns
    [Show full text]
  • Biodiversity of Arctic Marine Fishes: Taxonomy and Zoogeography
    Mar Biodiv DOI 10.1007/s12526-010-0070-z ARCTIC OCEAN DIVERSITY SYNTHESIS Biodiversity of arctic marine fishes: taxonomy and zoogeography Catherine W. Mecklenburg & Peter Rask Møller & Dirk Steinke Received: 3 June 2010 /Revised: 23 September 2010 /Accepted: 1 November 2010 # Senckenberg, Gesellschaft für Naturforschung and Springer 2010 Abstract Taxonomic and distributional information on each Six families in Cottoidei with 72 species and five in fish species found in arctic marine waters is reviewed, and a Zoarcoidei with 55 species account for more than half list of families and species with commentary on distributional (52.5%) the species. This study produced CO1 sequences for records is presented. The list incorporates results from 106 of the 242 species. Sequence variability in the barcode examination of museum collections of arctic marine fishes region permits discrimination of all species. The average dating back to the 1830s. It also incorporates results from sequence variation within species was 0.3% (range 0–3.5%), DNA barcoding, used to complement morphological charac- while the average genetic distance between congeners was ters in evaluating problematic taxa and to assist in identifica- 4.7% (range 3.7–13.3%). The CO1 sequences support tion of specimens collected in recent expeditions. Barcoding taxonomic separation of some species, such as Osmerus results are depicted in a neighbor-joining tree of 880 CO1 dentex and O. mordax and Liparis bathyarcticus and L. (cytochrome c oxidase 1 gene) sequences distributed among gibbus; and synonymy of others, like Myoxocephalus 165 species from the arctic region and adjacent waters, and verrucosus in M. scorpius and Gymnelus knipowitschi in discussed in the family reviews.
    [Show full text]
  • Alaska Arctic Marine Fish Ecology Catalog
    Prepared in cooperation with Bureau of Ocean Energy Management, Environmental Studies Program (OCS Study, BOEM 2016-048) Alaska Arctic Marine Fish Ecology Catalog Scientific Investigations Report 2016–5038 U.S. Department of the Interior U.S. Geological Survey Cover: Photographs of various fish studied for this report. Background photograph shows Arctic icebergs and ice floes. Photograph from iStock™, dated March 23, 2011. Alaska Arctic Marine Fish Ecology Catalog By Lyman K. Thorsteinson and Milton S. Love, editors Prepared in cooperation with Bureau of Ocean Energy Management, Environmental Studies Program (OCS Study, BOEM 2016-048) Scientific Investigations Report 2016–5038 U.S. Department of the Interior U.S. Geological Survey U.S. Department of the Interior SALLY JEWELL, Secretary U.S. Geological Survey Suzette M. Kimball, Director U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia: 2016 For more information on the USGS—the Federal source for science about the Earth, its natural and living resources, natural hazards, and the environment—visit http://www.usgs.gov or call 1–888–ASK–USGS. For an overview of USGS information products, including maps, imagery, and publications, visit http://store.usgs.gov. Disclaimer: This Scientific Investigations Report has been technically reviewed and approved for publication by the Bureau of Ocean Energy Management. The information is provided on the condition that neither the U.S. Geological Survey nor the U.S. Government may be held liable for any damages resulting from the authorized or unauthorized use of this information. The views and conclusions contained in this document are those of the authors and should not be interpreted as representing the opinions or policies of the U.S.
    [Show full text]
  • Catalogue of Place Names in Northern East Greenland
    Catalogue of place names in northern East Greenland In this section all officially approved, and many Greenlandic names are spelt according to the unapproved, names are listed, together with explana- modern Greenland orthography (spelling reform tions where known. Approved names are listed in 1973), with cross-references from the old-style normal type or bold type, whereas unapproved spelling still to be found on many published maps. names are always given in italics. Names of ships are Prospectors place names used only in confidential given in small CAPITALS. Individual name entries are company reports are not found in this volume. In listed in Danish alphabetical order, such that names general, only selected unapproved names introduced beginning with the Danish letters Æ, Ø and Å come by scientific or climbing expeditions are included. after Z. This means that Danish names beginning Incomplete documentation of climbing activities with Å or Aa (e.g. Aage Bertelsen Gletscher, Aage de by expeditions claiming ‘first ascents’ on Milne Land Lemos Dal, Åkerblom Ø, Ålborg Fjord etc) are found and in nunatak regions such as Dronning Louise towards the end of this catalogue. Å replaced aa in Land, has led to a decision to exclude them. Many Danish spelling for most purposes in 1948, but aa is recent expeditions to Dronning Louise Land, and commonly retained in personal names, and is option- other nunatak areas, have gained access to their al in some Danish town names (e.g. Ålborg or Aalborg region of interest using Twin Otter aircraft, such that are both correct). However, Greenlandic names be - the remaining ‘climb’ to the summits of some peaks ginning with aa following the spelling reform dating may be as little as a few hundred metres; this raises from 1973 (a long vowel sound rather than short) are the question of what constitutes an ‘ascent’? treated as two consecutive ‘a’s.
    [Show full text]