The Aaron Stark Family Chronicles Volume 4 The Kentucky Branches Descendants of Jonathan Stark & Sarah Lacock
By Clovis LaFleur Copyright © August 2006
Present day map of the region near Bardstown, Nelson County, Kentucky showing James Rogers Tithable district boundary ( and location of Rogers Station). Shaded region approximate area where Jonathan’s descendants lived from 1785 to 1792. Rogers Station was located west of Bardstown at the present day junction of US Highway 62 and Ben Irvin Road. By Clovis LaFleur
Copyright © 2007-2009
______
All Rights Reserved
By posting this copyright it is my intention to date this material. Reproduction of portions of this text will be discouraged if I do not receive credit and credit is not given to those, past and present, who have made major contributions to our knowl- edge of the Stark Families presented in this publication.
Dedication I do not claim what is presented in this publication is perfect or complete. What is being presented is a summary of the diligent efforts of many dedicated genealogists who have been able to gather material from the past with but one objective; to be true to the facts as they were found and to preserve the history of the Stark genealogical line unless it be lost forever. My contribution has been to compile that research which is related to the origins of six brothers with the surname Stark who lived in Nelson County, Kentucky. Early researchers like Charles R. Stark, Walter O. Shriner, Virginia Shriner, Roy Harding, and many others started us down this path of discovery — their only desire — to gather and preserve this family history with the hope younger generations would add to and build on the foundation they started. I would like to thank W. O. "Bo" Stark and Donn Neal for lending their skills in editing to the final production of this publication. Their suggestions are greatly appreciated. Contributors in time, material, and research are Gwen Boyer Bjorkman, Pauline Stark Moore, Pat Mount, Donn Neal and W. O. "Bo" Stark. Without their encouragement and willingness to share their research, this publication would not have been possible.
Clovis LaFleur October 2009
ii The Aaron Stark Family Chronicles Volume 4: The Kentucky Branches; Descendants of Jonathan Stark & Sarah Lacock
Table of Contents
Preface Introduction...... 5 The Nelson County, Kentucky Stark Brothers...... 5 The Stark Brothers Speculated Origins by Genealogical Researchers...... 5 Genetic Evidence: Were the Brothers Descendants of Aaron Stark?...... 6 Chapter 1 Summary...... 7 Jonathan Stark of Connecticut & Jonathan Stark of New Jersey; The Same Person?...... 8 Part 1: Sons of Jonathan Stark, Their Lives & Places of Residence from 1760 to 1810 Chapter 1: From New Jersey to Washington County, Pennsylvania (1760-1785)...... 10 Chapter 2: The Kentucky Years; A Narrative...... 35 Part 2: James Stark; His Life; Family & Descendants Chapter 3: The Life & Times of James Stark [1739-1821]...... 45 Chapter 4: Descendants of James Stark; Three Generations...... 51 Part 3: Daniel Stark; His Life, Family, & Descendants Chapter 5: Daniel & Elizabeth (Wells) Stark...... 55 Chapter 6: Descendants of Daniel & Elizabeth (Wells) Stark; Three Geneations...... 59 Part 4: Joseph Stark & Descendants Chapter 7: Joseph Stark Biography & Three Generations of Descendants...... 65 Part 5: Christopher Stark & Martha Vineyard Chapter 8: Christopher Stark Timeline...... 71 Chapter 9: Who Was Who Named Christopher...... 73 Chapter 10: Christopher Stark & Martha (Vineyard) Stark Descendants; Three Generations...... 77 Part 6: Rev. William Wood & Sarah (Stark) Wood & Their Descendants Chapter 11: William Wood & Sarah (stark) Wood; A Sketch...... 83 Chapter 12: William & Sarah (Stark) Wood Descendants; Three Generations...... 87 Part 7: John Stark & Elizabeth Eddy Chapter 13: John Stark & Elizabeth Eddy, Their Children, & Grandchildren...... 91 Appendix Appendix: The Stark Families & The Kentucky Emancipation Ministers...... 97
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4 The Aaron Stark Family Chronicles Volume 4: The Kentucky Branches; Descendants of Jonathan Stark & Sarah Lacock
Preface
Introduction March 3, 1715/16, the following deed transaction was recorded in Groton, New London County, Connecticut:
To all Christian people to whom this present deed of Gift may come William Stark of Groton in ye county of New London in Conecticut Collony in New England Senior sendeth Greeting know ye that I ye abovesd William Stark for ye good will and kinder affection I bear to my son William Stark Junr and my Granchild Jonathan Stark both of Groton in ye County of New London aforesd have fully freely and absolutely given granted aliened ensealled and confirmed unto William Stark Jun aforesd a certain tract of land during his naturall life and then to my grandchild Jonathan Stark.... [Groton Deed Book 1, pages 341 & 342]
The Groton Town Records report one Jonathan Stark was born to William Stark (Junior) and Experience Lamb on December 10, 1712. About four years later, the above deed allowed Jonathan’s father, William (Junior,) to use and improve the described property during his lifetime — but prevented him from selling the property . As the deed specified, Jonathan Stark became the owner of the property after William (Junior) was deceased. Jonathan is mentioned twice more as living in Groton; once in 1733 on a deed referencing the above property; and May 5, 1736, when he sold the property his grandfather had given to him. Volume 1 of the Aaron Stark Chronicles has provided documented evidence William Stark (Senior) was the son of Aaron Stark (1608-1685) and, therefore, confirms Jonathan Stark was the great-grandson of Aaron Stark (1608-1685). After May 5, 1736, Jonathan Stark disappears from the Groton Records at the age of 23. What became of Jonathan? In 1927, in his publication entitled The Aaron Stark Family, Seven Generations , Charles R. Stark reported Jonathan was born on the above given date to William (Junior) and Experience Lamb; but had no further comment on this person. Could Jonathan have had issue? If so, where was he living after 1736? Perhaps we can answer these questions by examining the movements of a group of Stark brothers living in Kentucky as early as 1784.
The Nelson County, Kentucky Stark Brothers Roy B. Hardin reported the following in his 1952 manuscript entitled The Early Stark Families In Vernon Township, Washington County, Indiana :
As early as 1784, six Stark brothers had settled on Forman’s Creek in Nelson County, Kentucky. Those men were: (1) Jonathan Stark with wife Margaret; (2) Christopher Stark with wife Martha Vinyard; (3) James Stark with wife Mary Howell; (4) Daniel Stark with wife Elizabeth Wells; (5) Joseph Stark with wife Hannah; and (6) John Stark. These men were in Washington County, Pennsylvania during the Revolution. Jonathan was a Baptist preacher. Christopher, James, and Daniel served in the Washington County (PA) militia. These brothers later settled in Shelby County and Henry Counties, Kentucky. We know old Christopher Stark and old Daniel Stark were in Virginia as early as 1775, for their names appear on Virginia Militia Roll of soldiers. With them served Stephen Vineyard. Some genealogists claim that the Vineyard family came directly to Virginia from England. One Jonathan Stark and wife Mary, who lived in Clay County, Indiana, in 1850, stated he was 77 years old and was born in Virginia. Hence this Jonathan was born in Virginia in 1773.
The descendants of these men have been well documented by Mr. Hardin and genealogy researchers Mary Virginia (Cuppy) Shriner and husband, Walter O. Shriner. Like Mr. Hardin, Mrs. Shriner was a descendant of the above mentioned Christopher Stark. What did they and others have to say about the Stark ancestry of these men?
The Stark Brothers Speculated Origins by Genealogical Researchers Roy B. Hardin had these comments:
The Stark families do not descend from General John Stark of New Hampshire and Bennington fame. Mr Howard P. Moore of New York City has written a complete genealogy of the General John Stark family that shows this. The Stark families of which I write descend from a still older immigrant family. It appears that the Veron Township Stark families descended from either Aaron Stark who settled in Groton, Connecticut, as early as 1653, or from James Stark of Stafford County, Virginia, who came from Scotland and who died in Stafford County, Virginia in 1754.
Although the reference to Aaron Stark is promising, Mr. Hardin was not able to establish a documented link to the Groton Stark families. 5 The Aaron Stark Family Chronicles Volume 4: The Kentucky Branches; Descendants of Jonathan Stark & Sarah Lacock
In 1927, Charles R. Stark’s publication entitled, The Aaron Stark Family, Seven Generations (page 20) reported a genealogy that mistakenly suggested the six Stark brothers were children of Christopher Stark (Junior), born in Groton in 1728. In the 1942 Stark Family Association Yearbook , Mrs. Shriner published an article entitled, ” Some Lost Branches of the Aaron Stark Family ” that referenced this genealogy. In her opening paragraph, she wrote:
“As early as 1774, three young brothers by the name of Stark married and migrated to what is now Amwell Township, Washington County, Pennsylvania. This frontier district was claimed by both Virginia and Pennsylvania until 1782. These Stark Brothers were James, Christopher, and Daniel, and following the Revolution, all three moved their families to Kentucky. There is considerable evidence which indicates that these Stark Brothers were originally from Dutchess County, New York, and were quite likely the sons of Christopher Stark, No. 86, A. S. F.” [A. S. F. stands for Aaron Stark Family, the above referenced text by Charles R. Stark.]
Overlooked were Mrs. Shriner's comments the following year in an article entitled " Further Comments on Some Lost Branches of the Aaron Stark Family .” In paragraph five of this article, Mrs. Shriner questioned the accuracy of her 1942 article:
"It now appears that the James, Christopher , and Daniel of the Lost Branches were more likely to have been the grandsons of William Stark, No. 17 {In A. S. F. text} than grandsons of Christopher Stark, No. 18...... Since the older children of the three Stark men in Lost Branches were born about 1770, it would indicate that the three brothers were born no later than 1750, which would make them almost too old to have been the sons of Christopher Stark, No. 86, who was born in 1728. Could not these three brothers have been the sons of Jonathan Stark, No. 76...?"
Mrs. Shriner’s 1943 question, which suggests the Kentucky brothers may have been sons of Jonathan Stark and grandsons of William Stark (Junior) and Experience Lamb, effectively corrected her article of the year before, but too few researchers noticed and the brothers ancestry continued to go unanswered. In 1985, Mary Kathryn Harris and Mary Iva Jean Jorgensen compiled and published a genealogy entitled James Stark of Stafford County, Virginia And His Descendants . They had these comments in Volume 1, page 1269:
Anyone searching for Starks in KY has probably noticed the many Starks around the Nelson Co., KY area. The ancestors of these Starks were James Stark who married Mary Howell, daughter of Abner Howell; Daniel Stark who married Elizabeth (Wells?); Christopher Stark who married Martha Venard/Vinyard; Joseph Stark who married Hannah; John Stark; Jonathan Who married Margaret Ball; and Sarah who married Rev. William Wood....many articles, manuscripts and books have been written about the Nelson Co. KY Starks and their origins, most claiming Aaron Stark of Connecticut as their ancestor. Many of the statements that have been made are not documented. After a diligent search of all available records, some members of this family are doubting that they are, indeed, of the Aaron Stark lineage through William Stark and Experience lamb.
Each researcher mentions a connection to the Groton, Connecticut Stark families, but could not state with certainty this was fact. Can genetic evaluations of descendants of the Kentucky Stark brothers narrow the search for their ancestors?
Genetic Evidence: Were the Brothers Descendants of Aaron Stark? The male Y-Chromosome is handed down from father to son relatively unchanged through the generations. A comparison of the Y-DNA of two males with the same surname can determine the time to their most recent common ancestor. Groups of males with the same surname so tested and compared can define direct male descendant branches; establishing a probability they have a common ancestor who lived after the usage of surnames became common in Europe in the 13 th and 14 th centuries. Considering that one generation is about 25 years or more, the year 1500 would be the approximate equivalent of about 20 generations prior to the present generations. Those males with the surname Stark who have been genealogically proven to be descendants of Aaron Stark are descendants of two of his sons — Aaron Stark II [1654-1701] and William Stark, Sr. [1664-1730] . It is known with certainty that Aaron Stark lived approximately between the years 1608 and 1685 — well after the establishment of surnames in Europe . Men with the surname Stark have submitted their Y-DNA for genetic testing. Many of those submitting genetic material for evaluation are variously descendants of the brothers James, John, Joseph, Christopher, and Daniel. When compared to each other, they have been found to genetically have a common ancestor who lived within the last 20 generations. Other Stark males have been tested; their genealogical research suggesting they are members of different descendant branches that share Aaron Stark [1608-1685] as a common ancestor. These genetic comparisons of different descendant branches to each other reveal there is a greater than 90% probability they all share Aaron Stark [1608-1685] as a common ancestor. The descendants of the Kentucky Stark brothers — when compared to this group — were found to also genetically share a common ancestor within the same time frame; suggesting they are also descendants of Aaron Stark. Many earlier researchers attempted to link the Kentucky Stark brothers to the New Hampshire Stark families, of which General John Stark of Revolutionary War fame was a member. The genetic contrast between male descendants of the New Hampshire families and male descendants of Aaron Stark was so great it was determined they could not have shared a common ancestor within thousands of years. Also tested were descendants of James Stark of Stafford County, Virginia. When descendants of James were genetically compared to descendants of Aaron; the results also suggests they could not have shared a common ancestor within 6 The Aaron Stark Family Chronicles Volume 4: The Kentucky Branches; Descendants of Jonathan Stark & Sarah Lacock thousands of years. Therefore, the lack of genetic differences observed between descendants of the Kentucky Brothers and known descendants of Aaron Stark — provides authentication the brothers were descendants of Aaron as well. While there has been considerable speculation on the ancestry of the Kentucky Stark brothers, no conclusive genealogical evidence had been found that substantiates their origins. Taken together, however, each of the genealogical researchers have evidence that suggests the brothers; (1) arrived in Kentucky from Washington County, Pennsylvania; and (2) most likely were living in Virginia before the move to Pennsylvania. The H & J researchers even suggested the brothers could have been descendants of one Jonathan Stark — reported in the Sussex Co., New Jersey Probate Records of 1765 .
On Jan. 20, 1765 the administration of the estate of Jonathan Stark of Hardwick Sussex Co. NJ was recorded. Jonathan Stark had been a wheelwright and died intestate. The administrators were Sarah Stark (widow) and James Stark. The fellow bondsman was Joseph Lacock. Also in Sussex Co. NJ is the will of Joseph Lacock dated Aug. 27, 1760. He mentions a wife (not named) and children John, Nathan, Joseph, Sarah, Elizabeth, Henry, and William. The executors were sons Joseph and William and the witnesses were Edward Pigot, Jeames Stark, and Henry Corsley. A fellow bondsman, most times, was either a relative or a very close friend. Even though Joseph Lacock named a daughter Sarah in his will, her surname (either Lacock or a married name) was not mentioned. That Joseph Lacock had adult children at the time of his death in 1760 is evident as he named sons Joseph and William as executors. It is not known if the James Stark who was the administrator of the estate of Jonathan Stark in 1765 is the same person as the James Stark who witnessed the will of Joseph Laycock in 1760. [H & J comments, page 1270, Volume 1]
Assuming James Stark mentioned in the two Wills was the same person and the Stark brother with the given name James — could Jonathan Stark of Sussex County and Jonathan Stark of Groton be the same person ? The genetic analysis certainly validates — within a reasonable probability range — that descendants of the brothers share Aaron Stark as a common ancestor with others who are known descendants of Aaron. Given the genetic evidence; there is a genealogical line of descent connecting the brothers to Aaron; the topic of our next discussion.
Chapter 1 Summary - The Kentucky Stark Brothers - New Jersey to Pennsylvania - 1760-1785 Chapter 1 will present detailed genealogical evidence the brothers living in Kentucky by 1785 were sons of the above Jonathan Stark and Sarah Lacock and were grandsons of Joseph Lacock. In 1783, the Supply Tax List for Washington County, Pennsylvania reported six men with the surname Stark. Living in Fallowfield Township was James Stark, owning 140 acres of land. Living close by but not owning land were Daniel Stark, Christopher Stark and Jonathan Stark. Living on property sharing a border with the property of James Stark was Reverend William Woods, his 349 acres bordered by Sugar Camp Run, a tributary of Pigeon Creek. Living in Amwell Township were Joseph Stark, owning 240 acres, and John Stark, owning no property. These six men were brothers and Reverend William Woods was their brother-in-law, married to their sister, Sarah Stark. Most likely in the the year 1783, the mother of this Stark family, Sarah Lacock, was living with her daughter, Sarah (Stark) Woods. James Stark, Daniel Stark, and Christopher Stark participated in Dunmore's War and were paid for their efforts at Fort Pitt in October of 1775. From 1781 to 1783, all of their names were listed on the Muster and Class Rolls for Washington County after its creation in March of 1781. James, Daniel, and Christopher were reported to be members of the "Rangers of the Frontier" from 1777 to 1783, although they may have actually been serving in the Washington County militia after the county was created in 1781. All of the men named in the 1783 tax list participated in the Revolutionary War along with others with the surnames Howell, Vineyard, and Lacock. These men with the surname Stark were all born in New Jersey and were living in Sussex County from 1750 to 1765. Except for Jonathan Stark, they were residents of Loudoun County, Virginia by 1767. While Jonathan continued to remain in New Jersey until 1777, his brothers had departed from Loudoun County by 1772. Although not known with certainty, they may have been living near the Monongahela River as early as 1774, near or with William Wood. They were children of Jonathan Stark and Sarah Lacock (who was the sister of Joseph Lacock and William Lacock, both residents of Washington County). Joseph was the father of General Abner Lacock (1770-1837), a cousin of the Stark brothers. [Source: The Lacock Family of Washington County, Pennsylvania , by Raymond Martin Bell & Irene Putnum Lignian, Washington, Pennsylvania, 1986. Page 3.] We have provided genetic evidence descendants of five of the Stark brothers of Nelson County, Kentucky were descendants of Aaron Stark [1608-1685] of Groton, New London County, Connecticut. Based on the above presented material, we can say with confidence they were sons of Jonathan Stark and Sarah Lacock of Sussex County, New Jersey. Because the brothers are descendants of Aaron, their father, Jonathan, was also a descendant of Aaron. The genealogical evidence has provided proof Jonathan Stark, born in Groton, New London County, Connecticut December 10, 1712, was the son of William Stark (Junior) and Experience Lamb and a great-grandson of Aaron Stark. It now remains to demonstrate these two men with the given name Jonathan and surname Stark were one and the same person.
7 The Aaron Stark Family Chronicles Volume 4: The Kentucky Branches; Descendants of Jonathan Stark & Sarah Lacock
Jonathan Stark of Connecticut & Jonathan Stark of New Jersey; The Same Person? Jonathan Stark first appears in the New Jersey records in 1734, when he was a witness to a deed transaction for Mary Insley of Woodbridge, Middlesex County, New Jersey.[1] If this was Jonathan Stark of Groton, why would he suddenly appear in New Jersey in 1734? Charles R. Stark had these comments of interest to this discussion: “ Aaron Stark was formerly of Groton, where he was named as one of the grantees in the deed of William Stark, Sr. to the First Baptist Church Mar. 24, 1717/18. About 1730 or 1732, John Culver, Jr. conducted a party to New Jersey, where they settled at a place called Schooley's Mountain. It is supposed that Aaron Stark was one of this company, as on May 29, 1744, he was of Roxbury [Flanders], Morris County, New Jersey .”[2] There is documented evidence Aaron Stark had departed Connecticut before September of 1734 and was living in New Jersey. A deed dated September 7, 1734, states: " Aaron Stark of ye Black River in ye County of Hunterdon East Jersey for 220L paid by Jonathan Collver formerly of Groton now Resident in Black River and in the County of Hunterdon, sold, 20A, in Groton upon a place known by ye name of Fort Hill ..."[3] New London residents with the surnames Lamb, Tuttle, Burrow, Salmon, Mann, Owen, and Stark were followers of John Rogers who had died in 1721. Their small religious sect, led by John Culver, was known as the Rogerenes. They left New London County in 1732, bound for New Jersey -- most likely due to religious persecution in Connecticut. They settled on the east slope of Schooley's Mountain; referred to "Colverites" by their neighbors. Three years later they removed to Monmouth County, where they remained eleven years, after which they returned to live on the summit and western slope of Schooley's Mountain.[4] Historical Author Theodore F. Wolfe had these comments about the Rogerenes in New Jersey: " The sect (Rogerenes) had been founded in New London in 1674, by John Rogers, who passed most of his subsequent life in prison, and, as persecutions by the church authorities began almost immediately, it is not improbable that this New Jersey community may have made their exodus by the beginning of the eighteenth century. Why they chose this comparatively rough tract of land for their settlement in preference to the more level and more easily cleared and cultivated lands of the plain bordering the nearby Alamatong (the Indian name for the Black River) will never be known ."[4] Morris County, New Jersey, was created March 15, 1738/39, having been divided from Hunterdon County. Morris County itself would later be subdivided to create Sussex and Warren Counties. Schooley's Mountain was located in Roxbury Township, created in 1740 from Morris Township. The 1734 deed described Aaron Stark as a resident of Hunterdon County, New Jersey, suggesting Aaron was a member of the Rogerene movement. If Jonathan’s cousin, Aaron Stark, had moved to New Jersey about or before 1734, then it would not be unreasonable to suggest Jonathan Stark of Groton moved to New Jersey at the same time and was the same Jonathan Stark who witnessed the deed of Mary Insley. However, suppose Jonathan Stark of New Jersey was the son of Aaron Stark, reported as individual #37 in the Charles R. Stark publication.[2] According to it, Jonathan Stark (son of Aaron, individual #101) married Margaret Ball on March 14, 1765. Many researchers of this couple report their marriage occurred in Morristown, Morris County, New Jersey, on this same date. Chapter 1 will provide evidence Jonathan Stark who married Margaret Ball was not a son of Aaron Stark, as reported in Charles R. Stark’s genealogy — but was actually the son of Jonathan Stark and Sarah Lacock of Sussex County, New Jersey From all indications, after 1750 (and perhaps before then), there was one Jonathan Stark living in the region of New Jersey known as Hardwick Township. From 1713 to 1738, the region was within the bounds of Hunterdon County, and it became part of Morris County in 1738. The present-day township of Hardwick, which was incorporated on January 22, 1750, included the present-day townships of Frelinghuysen and Allamuchy in Warren County and Hackettstown and Green in Sussex County. Recognizing the hardship of traveling to Morristown for court business, the legislature created Sussex County from part of Morris County on June 8, 1753. Jonathan owned a gristmill in Hunterdon County in 1750. Research has discovered his advertisement to sell or let a mill, located in Bethlehem Township, just across the Delaware River from Pennsylvania.[5] ______ 1) Carol S. Stark, Starks and Lacocks of Sussex County New Jersey, Loudoun County, Virginia, & Washington County, Pennsylvania (Gresham, Oregon, 1997). 2) Charles R. Stark, The Aaron Stark Family; Seven Generations of the Descendants of Aaron Stark of Groton, Connecticut, Boston, Massachusetts, 1927. 3) Groton, New London County, Connecticut Deed Records, Book 3, pages 160-161. 4) Theodore F. Wolfe, The History of Morris County, Lewis Publishing Company, 1914. Chapter 18, The Rogerenes First Whites in Roxbury Township . 5) Stark, Starks and Lacocks of Sussex County [ Author’s comment: According to the research of Carol S. Stark, this was Bethlehem Township, Hunterdon County, New Jersey and was not in Bethlehem Township, Bucks County, Pennsylvania. A letter from the Bucks County Genealogical Society to Carol S. Stark dated February 18, 1990, and signed by Roberta Daymon reported, " Terry McNealy put the Stark reference in his book (Index to Bucks County, Reference in Pennsylvania Gazette) because the river that feeds into the Delaware River was referred to as the Little Delaware ". Bethlehem City is about 10-15 miles from the real Delaware River, then in Bucks County, Pennsylvania. Jonathan’s advertisement states his property was one mile from the river in Bethlehem.]
8 The Aaron Stark Family Chronicles Volume 4: The Kentucky Branches; Descendants of Jonathan Stark & Sarah Lacock
Further evidence of residence in the region was suggested in Morgan Edwards 1770 publication entitled, Edward's Materials Towards a History of the Baptists . Researcher Carol S. Stark had these observations after reviewing Morgan’s comments: " That about the year 1754 that Jonathan Start & his wife Sarah were members of the Bethlehem [in Hunterdon County] Baptist Church, which was the name of the township where it existed. In 1763, fourteen persons formed a church at Knollton [Sussex County]. Three of these people were Joseph Lacock and Jonathan Start and his wife Sarah. There was no Start family in Sussex Co., associated with Joseph Laycock. This was Jonathan & Sarah Stark. The Knollton land was a gift from the Rev. Henry Crossley. Henry was a witness to the will of Joseph Laycock who died in 1760. Another witness to this will was James Stark ."[1] Therefore, the Jonathan Stark family and the Joseph Lacock family appear to have had common interest from 1754 to 1760. Although no record of marriage has been found for Jonathan Stark and Sarah Lacock, there is other evidence to show that they were man and wife. In 1986, Raymond Martin Bell published a booklet entitled, The Lacock Family of Washington County, Pennsylvania . Bell related to origins of this family: " The Lacocks apparently originated in New Jersey. The first record is that of Joseph Lacock in Burlington County in 1711. In 1714, he was in Middlesex County, in 1715 in the Woodbridge militia. He is likely the Joseph Lacock who died in Hardwick Township, Sussex County between August 27, 1760, when his will was written, and October 8, 1760, when it was probated. He named children John, Nathan, Joseph, Sarah, Elizabeth, Henry, and William. A wife is mentioned, but not named. His son, Henry, died about the same time, for a bond was issued in his estate September 28, 1760 . "[2] If Mr. Bell had correctly connected these families, then the Lacock family was living in or near Woodbridge by 1734; the same place Jonathan Stark witnessed the Mary Insley deed transaction. Joseph Lacock's Will was witnessed by James Stark in 1760; providing proof he was an adult of at least 21 years of age at the time. On January 3, 1765, the same James Stark was named (with his mother, Sarah) as administrator of the estate of Jonathan Stark of Hardwick Township, Sussex County, New Jersey. A fellow bondsman was Joseph Lacock, the brother of the widow, Sarah (Lacock) Stark. In summary, despite the lack of any document stating that Jonathan Stark of Groton moved to New Jersey, there is enough circumstantial evidence for us to consider this event to have been highly likely. Jonathan disappears from the Connecticut records at about the same time the name Jonathan Stark appears in New Jersey. We know that — genetically — Jonathan Stark of Sussex County was most certainly a descendant of the Groton Stark family. We know that his son James was born before 1739. There is only one Jonathan Stark living in Groton, born in 1712, that could have had a son born within this time frame. Therefore, we must come to the conclusion Jonathan Stark of Groton and Jonathan Stark of New Jersey were the same person. Let us now chronicle the adventures of his sons from New Jersey to Kentucky. ______ 1) Morgan Edwards, Edward's Materials Towards a History of the Baptists , Reprinted Heritage Papers; Danielsville, Georgia, 1984. Volume 1, page 118. [ Author’s Comment: Originally published about 1770.] 2) Raymond Martin Bell and Irene Putnam Ligian, The Lacock Family of Washington County, Pennsylvania , based on research by Walter Byron Lacock 1897-1974, Washington, Pennsylvania, 1986, page 2.
9 Volume 4: The Kentucky Branches; Descendants of Jonathan Stark & Sarah Lacock Chapter 1: The Kentucky Stark Brothers; Sons of Jonathan Stark of Sussex County, New Jersey?
Western New Jersey in 1795 This map has many of the features and townships which were in this region of early New Jersey as they would have approximately appeared in 1760. These boundaries, by 1795, had been altered as new townships and counties were formed. [Note the mileage scale in upper left corner to approximate distances on this map. ]
10 Volume 4: The Kentucky Branches; Descendants of Jonathan Stark & Sarah Lacock Chapter 1: The Kentucky Stark Brothers; Sons of Jonathan Stark of Sussex County, New Jersey?
Chapter 1 The Kentucky Stark Brothers From New Jersey to Washington County, Pennsylvania - 1760-1785
Introduction We have genetically established descendants of five of the Kentucky Stark brothers with the surname Stark are related to other men with the surname Stark — known to descend from Aaron Stark [1608-1685] . If the brothers were descendants of Aaron, then their father was also a descendant. Using the Harris and Jorgensen publication for the basis of our research, can we link the brothers to Jonathan Stark who died in Sussex County, New Jersey in late 1764?[1]
1760 Through 1770 - From New Jersey to Loudoun County, Virginia On August 27, 1760, the Will of Joseph Lacock was made and witnessed by James Stark, a grandson of Joseph.[2]1 James Stark was the son of Jonathan Stark and Sarah Lacock, the latter being the daughter of Joseph. This probate suggests James Stark could have been a son of Jonathan and Sarah (Lacock) Stark and provides a probable link of one Kentucky brother to this couple. The date suggests a probable time frame for the birth for James; 1739 or earlier. To witness a Will required the witness to be 21 years of age or older. At about the same time, there was a Henry Lacock probate record in Sussex County; this man a son of Joseph Lacock. Inventory was made September 23, 1760 and October 3, bond was made by William Lacock, as administrator, and Joseph Lacock (Henry’s brother) as fellow bondsman.[3] Several given names and surnames are mentioned in these two documents which are of importance to this discussion. A daughter, Sarah, her married name not given, was most likely Sarah Stark, wife of Jonathan Stark. William Lacock made bond October 3, 1760 as administrator of his father's estate and on the same date William's brother, Joseph Lacock (Junior), made bond as fellow bondsman.[3] On the same day, these two men were named administrator and fellow bondsman of Henry Lacock’s estate. From 1760 to 1784, the year the Stark brothers moved to Kentucky, James Stark, William Lacock, and Joseph Lacock were reported living in Sussex County, New Jersey; Loudoun County, Virginia; and Washington County, Pennsylvania. Nathan Lacock, named as a child of Joseph Lacock (Senior), appeared in the records with his brother, William Lacock, in Loudoun County. From 1758 to 1769, the surname Vineyard can be found in the Loudoun County, Virginia tithables list. According to the Virginia State Library, males were tithable when they reached age sixteen and appeared as tithables for the head of the household until they reached the age of twenty-one. Men on the tithable list were not necessarily members of the established church but were required by law to contribute to its support. The Vineyard family settled near Harper's Ferry in Northern Virginia twenty-five years before the revolution.[4] Francis Vineyard had six sons named John, Francis, Stephen, Thomas, William, and James. There were at least two daughters, one named Martha, who married Christopher Stark, and the oth er named Sarah, who married John Clevenger.[4] The French & Indian War came to an end with the treaty made in Paris in 1763. Under its terms, the French ceded to Great Britain all of the French territory in North America east of the Mississippi. As a result of the sudden expansion of the British Empire to twice it's prewar size, complex jurisdictional and governing problems began to challenge the government in London. In an attempt to avoid further conflicts with the Indians, the British Government issued the "Proclamation of 1763," which gave London, rather than the provincial governments, control over the westward movement of potential settlers. The proclamation expressly forbid settlers to advance beyond the mountains that divided the Atlantic Coast from the interior. However, even before the Proclamation was issued, the existing colonial governments had begun to make conflicting claims of jurisdiction in the Ohio Valley.[5] ______ 1) Mary Kathryn Harris & Mary Iva Jean Jorgensen, James Stark of Stafford County, Virginia And His Descendants (Copyright 1985, Privately Printed Fort Worth). Volume 1, pages 1269-1271. 2) Calendar of New Jersey Wills, Vol. III, 1751-1760. Ancestry.com. Calendar of New Jersey Wills, 1670-1760. [database online] Provo, UT Ancestry.com, 2000. Original data: New Jersey Historical Society. Calendar of New Jersey Wills, Administrations, etc. Newark, NJ New Jersey Historical Society, 1901. Quote " Joseph Laycock of Hardwick, Sussex County, Will of... Wife [not named]. Children-- John, Nathan, Joseph, Sarah, Elizabeth, Henry, and William. Real and personal estate. Executors-- Sons Joseph and William. Witnesses-- Edward Pigot, Jeames Stark, Henry Crosley. Proved Oct. 8, 1760. Inventory 125 pounds, 9 shilling, & 3 pence. Inventory by Henry Crosley and Ephraim Darby, 23 September 1760 ." Original Reference Libra (Book) 10, page 465, Wills & Administrations, Sussex County, New Jersey. Henry Lacock intestate Lib ra (Book) 10, page 464, Wills & Administrations, Sussex County, New Jersey. 3) Calen dar of New Jersey Wills, Vol. III, 1751-1760. “ October 3 1760 - Bond of William Lacock as Adm'r; Joseph Lacock fellow bondsman, both of Hardwick, Sussex County, New Jersey .” 4) Shriner, Walter O., Letter Addressed to Mrs. Lynn Vineyard, Wharton, Texas. Signed: Walter O. Shriner, 2525 N. Ninth St., Terre Haute, Ind., 47804, March 12, 1971. Contributor: Pauline Stark Moore. 5) "The Unfinished Nation," by Alan Brinkley, Copyright 1993, McGraw-Hill, pages 92-96.
11 Volume 4: The Kentucky Branches; Descendants of Jonathan Stark & Sarah Lacock Chapter 1: The Kentucky Stark Brothers; Sons of Jonathan Stark of Sussex County, New Jersey?
In 1763, fourteen persons formed a church at Knollton, Sussex County, New Jersey. Three of the people named were Joseph Laycock (most likely Joseph Lacock, Junior), Jonathan Start, and Sarah Start, the latter two probably having the surname Stark. The property for the church was a gift from Reverend Henry Crosley, who was a witness with James Stark to the will of Joseph Lacock, Senior in 1760.[1] According to Morgan Edwards, " Knollton Church, Sussex Co. NJ, built in 1763. About the year 1754 ... arrived from Kingwood, Jonathan Start and Sarah Start his wife... baptized at Kingwood were Joseph Collins, Mary Collins, Joseph Laycock ... These 14 persons were formed into a church, at Knollton, June. 12, 1763 ." Kingwood Church was organized in 1742, by members dismissed for that purpose from Hopewell Chu rch, who were early settlers of the area of Locktown (or Baptisttown).[2] This most likely was not a move to a new location in New Jersey but a membership move to a newly created church closer to the new congregation. Sussex County, situated at the extreme top of New Jersey, has always been off the beaten path. The Kittatinny Mountains cut across its entire northwestern region, creating highlands which were heavily-wooded. Rising upward from the Kittatinny Valley in the eastern part of the county, these rock covered hills made farming a difficult occupation, especially in Hardwick Township. At the beginning and throughout the French & Indian War, settlers in Sussex County, New Jersey were subjected to especially violent attacks from the Delaware Indians who had declared independence from the Iroquois. Faced with unspeakable violence, many residents, including a minister and the county’s first clerk/surrogate, fled to more civilized locations. This continued throughout the war until peace was declared in 1763. Before and at the conclus ion of the war, there was a boundary dispute between New York and New Jersey which was the source of further violence until resolved in 1769.[3] Loudoun County, Virginia was created from Fairfax County in 1757. Early settlement in the western portions of the Virginia colony was the scene of considerable land speculation caused by the arrival of large numbers of immigrants from Europe. Colonials, seeking lands free from overcrowding or more fertile soils suitable for farming, also began to move to the region in large numbers from New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Maryland, and the Virginia Tide Water regions.[4] William Lacock, the administrator of his father's will in 1760, was living in Loudoun County, Virginia by 1764. Reasons for moving from New Jersey could have been due to the rocky conditions and poor soil in Hardwick Township; the threat of Indian attacks; the boundary dispute with New York; or a division or disagreement within the Baptist Church of which they were members. For any or all of these reasons, the Lacock and Stark families, united through the marriage of Sarah Lacock to Jonathan Stark, began to look elsewhere for a place to live. Loudoun County, Virginia, created in 1757, rumored to offer excellent opportunities for farming and growing tobacco, the cash crop of the period, attracted the attention of William Lacock who was reported as a resident of the region on the Nicholas Minor 1764 tithables list.[5] Just before New Year's day of 1765, Jonathan Stark of Hardwick Township, Sussex County, New Jersey, died. On January 29, 1765, named as administrators of his estate were Sarah Stark, his widow, and James Stark, most likely his son. Named as fellow bondsman was Joseph Lacock (Junior), Sarah's brother reported to be a son of her father, Joseph Lacock (Senior) in his 1760 will. Inventory of the estate was completed January 3, 1765 by John Laforge and Samson Dildine, valued at 121 pounds, 4 shilling,& 10 pence.[6] Comparing the place and names of this document to the 1760 Will of Joseph Lacock (Senior), Widow Sarah Stark was most likely the daughter named Sarah in the Will of Joseph (Senior); while Joseph Lacock (Junior) was most likely the same Joseph Lacock named as fellow bondsman with his brother, William Lacock. James Stark and Jeames Stark — who witnessed the Joseph Lacock (Senior) Will — were most likely the same person. These two documents, dated five years apart, suggests the persons named were the same and that James Stark was a son of Jonathan Stark and Grandson of Joseph Lacock (Senior). ______ 1) Stark, Carol S., "Starks & Lacocks (Laycock) of Sussex Co. N. J., Loudoun Co. VA & Washington Co., PA." Self Published in 1997 in Greshan, Oregon. Author's source Edwards Materials (Baptist History), Volume 1, page 118. By Morgan Edwards. Published Heritage Papers, Danielsville, Georgia, 1984. 2) " Church and Family History Research Assistance for Primitive Baptist Churches in the State of New Jersey ," Copyright c. 2001-2004. All rights reserved. The Primitive Baptist Library. URL: http//www.carthage.lib.il.us/community/churches/ primbap/NewJersey.html 3) Sussex County, New Jersey History , by Brianne Kelly-Bly. Copyright ©2003. 4) Emily J. Salmon and Edward D.C. Campbell, Jr., editors, The Handbook of Virginia History , (Richmond, VA The Library of Virginia, Fourth Edition , 1994), p. 25. 5) " Loudoun County, Virginia Tithables, 1758-1786 ", 3 Volumes, Marty Hiatt & Craig Roberts Scott, 1995. [Vol. 1- 1749, 1758-1769.] 6) Sussex County, New Jersey Wills & Administrations, Libra (Book) 12, page 232; Year 1765. Abstract: … the administration of the estate of Jonathan Stark of Hardwick, Sussex Co., wheelwright, in testate. Adm'rs Sarah Stark (widow) and James Stark. Fellow bondsman Joseph Lacock, all of the same place. 3 Jan. 1765, Inventory, £121.4.10, made by John Laforge and Samson Dildine .
12 Volume 4: The Kentucky Branches; Descendants of Jonathan Stark & Sarah Lacock Chapter 1: The Kentucky Stark Brothers; Sons of Jonathan Stark of Sussex County, New Jersey?
May 14, 1765, Jonathan Stark married Margaret Ball in Morris County, New Jersey.[1] This would obviously not be the same Jonathan Stark who was deceased before January 3, 1765. Sussex County, New Jersey was formed from Morris County June 8, 1753 which would suggest this marriage took place n ear where Jonathan Stark, Senior, and his son James lived. Although the connection of this individual to the Stark brothers is not conclusive from documents thus far presented, there was a Jonathan Stark who lived with or near James Stark in Washington County, Pennsylvania in 1783, and other documentation in Kentucky suggest they may have been related. If this Jonathan married May 14, 1765, then he could have been born before or after James, the earliest date of birth, perhaps in 1736, but not later than 1747 if he was eighteen when he married Margaret Ball. In 1765, Lord Fairfax sold land in Loudoun County, Virginia to William Lacock and his wife, Martha.[2] In the same year, the Cameron Parish, Loudoun County Tithable list reported William was a resident of the County.[3] Nathan Lacock was reported on the 1765 Cameron Parish tithable list of James Hamilton, this most likely being the Nathan Lacock mentioned in the 1760 will of his father, Joseph Lacock (Senior). Therefore, two of the men recorded in Joseph Lacock's Will of 1760 were living in Loudoun County in 1765. Another name on the 1765 tithable list of Loudoun County was William Wood, reported on John McIlhaney's list.[4] By 1765, William Lacock, Nathan Lacock, William Wood, and as mentioned earlier, Francis Vineyard, were residents of Loudoun County. Later documentation will link these surnames to the Stark brothers of Kentucky. After Loudoun County was created in 1757, settlement in the western section of the county continued. In 1758, the Virginia Assembly established the town of Leesburg on the eastern side of the county as the county seat. Between 1759 and 1770, in order to facilitate travel to the courthouse, residents of the western sections of the county built and maintained roads that connected them to Leesburg. Two routes led from Williams' Gap to Leesburg. Both roads paralleled present-day Route 7; one paralleled the present route to the south; the other to the north. Prior to the opening of the Leesburg and Snicker's Gap Turnpike in 1835, these two east-west routes served as the central arteries of transportation and trade within the county. The hamlet of Woodgrove developed along the northern most of the two at a point where it intersected with a road that led from Williams' Gap to John Hough's mill at the present site of the town of Hillsboro.[5] Daniel Stark, Francis Vineyard, William Wood, and William Lacock were on the tithable list of John McIlhaney.[6,7] These men lived in an area bounded by Vestal's Gap, Blue Ridge, and Catacton Creek. James Hamilton's list reported Nathan Lacock, Joseph Stark, Abner Howell, and James Stark with two tithables, the other being William Stark between 16 and 21 years of age. Hamilton's list reported persons living within the area bounded by William's Gap to Vestal's Gap to the junction of Vestal's Gap and the Blue Ridge, and then to Kittocton Mountain.[6] Presuming the arguments before have provided sufficient evidence of the link between the Lacock and Stark families, then James Stark of Loudoun County must be the same James Stark recorded in the Sussex County Wills of 1760 and 1765. Because William Stark was living in the home of James and was sixteen to twenty years of age, he must have been a brother of James, the estimated age range of James Stark (28 - 32); therefore, being too young to have had a son of sixteen. Could Daniel Stark and Joseph Stark be related? The research of Mary Kathryn Harris and Mary Iva Jean Jorgensen has demonstrated these men were not descendants of James Stark of Stafford County, Virginia. In Volume 1, Part VIII, page 1269, entitled " Other Southern Starks ," the Authors gave ______ 1) Source 1: James Stark of Stafford County, Virginia And His Descendants , compiled by Mary Kathryn Harris & Mary Iva Jean Jorgensen, Copyright 1985, Privately Printed Fort Worth. Volume 1, page 1348. Source 2: The Aaron Stark Family, Seven Generations of the Descendants of Aaron Stark of Groton, Connecticu t, by Charles R. Stark, published 1927, Wright & Potter, Boston, Massachusetts. Comment Individual #101, page 15. [ Author’s Comment: This text incorrectly reports this Jonathan was the son of Aaron Stark, great grandson of Aaron Stark (1608 - 1685). Neither of these sources provides the source of this day of marriage.] 2) The Lacock Family of Washington County, Pennsylvania , by Raymond Martin Bell & Irene Putnum Lignian, Washington, Pennsylvania, 1986. 3) Source 1: Loudoun County, Virginia Tithables, 1758-1786 ." 3 Volumes, Marty Hiatt & Craig Roberts Scott, 1995; Vol. 1- 1749, 1758-1769. Source 2: Loudoun County , Virginia, 1765 Tithables and Voter List . Jean Jorgenson, 1983. [This is hand typed and bound, non-published work. Contributor Pauline Stark Moore.][ Author's comment: This source reported William Lacock had 2 tithables, naming himself and Moses ?Hayton/Hutton? whose age was between 16 and 21.] 4) Deborah Nordyke; Wood Family researcher. E-mail Address: [email protected]. Deborah’s Source: Loudoun County, Virginia Tithable (McIlhaney's List). 5) The Historian's Guide to Loudoun County Virginia , Volume I, by John T. Phillips, II (Leesburg, Virginia, Goose Creek Productions, 1996). Reports from the county land records that on May 8, 1759 three commissioners reported on a route for a new road "from Williams' Gap to the Town of Leesburgh....by John Palmers and by Isaac Nichols'...thence to the (Shenandoah) Road where Samuel Davis formerly lived...thence to the Town..." Page 337 (Original County Land Records, Book A, p. 235); Reports by August 1759, the commissioners had established the route at its western end. Page 224 (Original Land Records, Book A, p. 304); Reports that on J une 10, 1765, three county residents were appointed to "view the route for a Road from Williams Gap to...Leesburg." Page 338 (Original Land Recrods, Book B, p. 626). 6) James Stark of Stafford County, Virginia And His Descendants , Volume 1, page 1271. Compiled by Mary Kathryn Harris & Mary Iva Jean Jorgensen. Copyright 1985, Privately Printed Fort Worth. For birth of first child of Jonathan Stark and Margaret Ball, see page 1348. 7) Deborah Nordyke; Wood Family researcher. E-mail Address: [email protected]. 13 Volume 4: The Kentucky Branches; Descendants of Jonathan Stark & Sarah Lacock Chapter 1: The Kentucky Stark Brothers; Sons of Jonathan Stark of Sussex County, New Jersey? their reasons for such extensive research of these men” " ... we have often found descendants of James Stark (of Stafford County) living in areas where other Stark families were living. In each case, adequately proving the descendants of James Stark of Stafford Co., VA involved learning something of these other Stark families in order to be certain that they were not descendants of James Stark (of Stafford County) and that the Stark families we were researching were indeed descendants of James Stark (of Stafford County) ." Their research, which will not be disputed in this discussion, provided considerable evidence these specific men with the surname Stark, recorded in the 1767 tithable list, were not descendants of James Stark of Stafford County, Virginia. The publication further suggested these men were sons of Jonathan Stark and Sarah Lacock, the reasoning being the same as earlier presented. Joseph Stark, listed on the next line of the tithable or under the line reporting James and William, was clearly living in close proximity to James and was 21 years of age or older. Logic would suggest he was also a brother. All three appeared to be living in the same general area as Nathan Lacock, which suggest he was their Uncle and brother of Sarah Stark, the widow mentioned in the 1765 probate record of Jonathan Stark. Daniel Stark, reported on the McIlhaney list, was living in the same general area as William Lacock, suggesting Daniel may have also been a brother of James, Joseph, and William, possibly living near his Lacock Uncle. The Harris and Jorgensen research concluded Daniel Stark was not a descendant of James Stark of Stafford County which further suggests he may have been related to the Stark men on James Hamilton's list. If the arguments are sufficient to consider Daniel, Joseph, and William were related to James Stark, then possible years of birth can be determined from the tithable data. James, as already related, was born before 1739. Jonathan Stark, probably younger than James, was born between 1740 and 1747. Because Joseph and Daniel were over twenty-one, they were born before 1746, and were probably younger than Jonathan, suggesting they could have been born between 1740 and 1746. William was under the age of twenty-one in 1767 and the 1768 tithable list w ill reveal he was twenty-one in that year, suggesting he was born in 1747. It would appear James and Joseph were not married by 1767 as suggested by the birth dates of their first child, nor was William likely to have been married due to his young age. Jonathan Stark married Margaret Ball in 1765 and their first child, name unknown, was born about 1766 in Morris County, New Jersey.[1] According to later records, Daniel Stark married a woman named Elizabeth, her surname believed to be Wells; but not known with certainty.[2] The son of Daniel Stark and Elizabeth , Jonathan D. Stark, according to a cemetery record, reports he was born May 14, 1768, most likely in Loudoun County.[3] This date of birth of Daniel's oldest known child would suggest the latest year of marriage could have been 1767. James Stark, Daniel Stark (with his wife Elizabeth), Joseph Stark, and William Stark, were documented as living in Loudoun County in 1767 in approximately the same location as William Lacock, Nathan Lacock, Francis Vineyard, William Wood, and Abner Howell and were most likely brothers of James Stark and sons of Jonathan Stark and Sarah Lacock. The 1768 James Hamilton Cameron Parish tithable list, compiled within the jurisdiction of Loudoun County, Virginia reveals William Laycock, James Stark, William Stark, and Joseph Stark were living very close to each other. (See Figure 1) Also reported on Hamilton's list was Nathan Laycock, his residence most likely near these men. On McIlhaney's list was Francis Vineyard, William Wood, and Daniel Stark, the latter two living in close proximity to each other. (See Figure 2) On October 11, 1768, Christopher Stark was listed as a juror in the Loudoun County Court minutes. The case name was James McCall & wife Lydia - vs - Leven Powell — involving a dispute related to a detinue slave.[4] He served with Thomas Blincoe, John Popkins, Adam Mitchell, Robert Bell, William Shortridge, Everet Oxley, Timothy Howell, Henry Oxley, Jr., George Danskins, Tunnis Stull, and William Stoddard. For Christopher to serve on a jury, he had to be twenty-one years old placing his year of birth before 1747. As will be discussed later, Christopher Stark who married Martha Vineyard was a brother of James Stark . If he was a son of Jonathan Stark and Sarah Lacock, then he must have remained in New Jersey with other members of the Lacock family or was living with his brother, Jonathan Stark (Junior), which may explain the reason he doesn't appear on the 1767 or 1768 tithable list.[5] Because the above record is later in the year, Christopher may not have become a resident in Loudoun County until after the 1768 tithable list were compiled. ______ 1) James Stark of Stafford County, Virginia And His Descendants , Volume 1, page 1271. Compiled by Mary Kathryn Harris & Mary Iva Jean Jorgensen. Copyright 1985, Privately Printed Fort Worth. For birth of first child of Jonathan Stark and Margaret Ball, see page 1348. 2) Author's Comment: Many researchers of this family believe Daniel's wife was Elizabeth Wells. That her given name was Elizabeth is not disputed. There were families with the surname Wells recorded living in Loudoun County, Virginia and Washington County, Pennsylvania at the same time Daniel and Elizabeth were present, but research to date has not been able to authenticate their relationship to Daniel's wife. 3) Author's Comment: Daniel's son was Reverend Jonathan D. Stark. According to Gwen Bjorkman, his birth date comes from a cemetery record and his date of death and place of burial was stated as follows; " Jonathan D. STARK d. 6 May 1828 (Cemetery record) and was buried in Old Ox Baptist Cemetery, Scott Co ., IN ." Gwen Boyer Bjorkman, [email protected] E-mail to Gene P. Stark dated February 12, 2004. 4) Loudoun County , Virginia Court Minutes, Book D, page 137. Webster’s Dictionary: "Detinue, noun: 1) detention of something due; the unlaw ful detention of a personal chattel from another. 2) a common-law action for the recovery of a personal chattel wrongfully detained or of its value." 5) Author's comment: Joseph Lacock (Junior) has not appeared in the record outside New Jersey, as yet, and is presumed to have been still living in New Jersey.
14 Volume 4: The Kentucky Branches; Descendants of Jonathan Stark & Sarah Lacock Chapter 1: The Kentucky Stark Brothers; Sons of Jonathan Stark of Sussex County, New Jersey?
Figure 1 Original of the 1768 Cameron Parish Tithable compiled by James Hamilton with the blocked area magnified revealing the names of Joseph Starke, William Starke, and James Starke. Cameron Parish was within the jurisdiction of Loudoun County, Virginia. The next line under James Starke has the name William Laycock, which was in the next microfilm frame of the list.
Figure 2 Daniel Stark and William Wood on McIlhanney's List.
15 Volume 4: The Kentucky Branches; Descendants of Jonathan Stark & Sarah Lacock Chapter 1: The Kentucky Stark Brothers; Sons of Jonathan Stark of Sussex County, New Jersey?
By 1768, there were five men with the name Stark living in Loudoun County, most likely related and not descendants of James Stark of Stafford County, Virginia. As before, William Lacock, William Wood, and Francis Vineyard were residents as were many men with the surname Howell. The original records of the 1768 tithable list, presented in Figures 1 & 2, clearly illustrate James Stark, William Stark, Joseph Stark, and William Lacock were living in very close proximity to each other. Daniel Stark, married by 1767, was living near William Wood in the same general region. From cemetery records, Daniel's first born child, Jonathan D. Stark, was born May 14, 1768. Considering he was married and the possibility none of the other Stark men were married by 1768, he may have had his own place of residence while his bachelor brothers were living near or with their Uncle William Lacock. It also seems reasonable to believe Sarah (Lacock) Stark and her young daughter of the same given name, Sarah Stark who married William Wood, were living in the home of Daniel by 1768. Still living in New Jersey were Joseph Lacock and Jonathan Stark (Junior). November 5, 1768, the treaty of Fort Stanwix was made with the Indians which opened up the lands west of the Allegheny and Ohio Rivers for settlement. April 3, 1769, the land office opened in Philadelphia and on the first day twenty orders of survey were issued for land in present day Washington County, then part of Cumberland County, Pennsylvania. Within one month there were 3200 applications for warrants, mostly made by Scotch-Irish living in eastern Pennsylvania.[1] Of the five men with the surname Stark found living in Loudoun County in 1768, only James Stark appears on the tithable list for 1769. On the James Hamilton list of tithables for 1769 were Nathan Laycock, Francis Vinyard (3) with sons John and James, and William Laycock. Listed on the next four lines after William Laycock were Daniel Howell, Henry Harris, James Starke, and William Schooley. On the tithable list of Craven Payton were Hugh Howell, Andrew Howell, John Howell, Abner Howell, David Howell, Thomas Howell, Henry Oxley, Jr., James McLinsay, John Howell, John Howell, Sr., and Charles Howell.[2] Also missing from the tithable list for 1769 was William Wood. According to Wood Family researchers, William Wood married Sarah Stark February 14, 1769. Debbie Nordyke, a Wood family researcher had these comments: " William took his new bride to the new settlement at Redstone Fort, in present day Washington County, PA. Indian trouble broke up the settlement and William brought his family back to Loudoun Co., VA, where Elizabeth was born in December, 1769. Sarah's older brothers, including Christopher, were still in Loudoun County and possibly other relatives. This was probably a safer place for them to return to for Sarah to give birth. Since William continues on the tith lists until 1768, not 1769 and then appears in 1770, this would fit the Draper manuscript notes ."[3] However, as already noted, Christopher Stark was not recorded as a resident of Loudoun County in 1768, nor was Daniel, Joseph, or William. Could these men have moved to Redstone Fort in 1769? Later records disclose Christopher Stark and Joseph Stark were on the Loudoun County tithable list with William Wood in 1770. After 1768, no record of Daniel Stark can be found in Loudoun County nor can records for James Stark be found after 1769. William Stark was not found in the Loudoun County records after 1768 and disappears from all later records suggesting he may have died after 1768. James Stark may have married Hannah Howell sometime in 1769 or early 1770. There first known child , William Stark, was born November 23, 1770. Although the given name of James' wife is not in dispute, her surname is not known with certainty but because of the close relationship with the family of Abner Howell, cannot be discounted as improbable.[4] Except for James Stark, four of the brothers were not recorded as residents of Loudoun County in 1769. Christopher and Joseph reappeared in the tithable list in 1770, but William Stark was absent from all of the records after 1768 suggesting he may have been deceased as early as 1769. Based on the research of the Wood family, William Wood and his new wife, Sarah Stark, moved to the new lands west of the Monongahela River, but shortly after arriving, had to return to Loudoun County for the birth of their first child, Elizabeth Wood, born December 4, 1769.[3] William Wood's name was again recorded on the Loudoun County tithable list in 1770. Nathan and William Lacock were still residents of Loudoun County along with the Vineyard family. Joseph Lacock (Junior) and Jonathan Stark (Junior) are presumed to still be living in New Jersey in 1769. In 1770, Nathan Laycock, William Laycock, and Joseph Laycock appear on the Loudoun County tithable list of James Hamilton. Also on this list was Christopher Stark and Joseph Stark. William Wood was on James Hamilton's list suggesting he had returned to the County .[5] ______ 1) The Pennsylvania-Virginia Boundary Controversy , by Raymond Martin Bell. Keyhole Vol. XXV, No. 3, July 1997. 2) Loudoun County, Virginia, 1765 Tithables and Voter List , Jean Jorgenson, 1983. [This is hand typed and bound, non- published work. Contributed by Pauline Stark Moore.] 3) Deborah Nordyke; Wood Family researcher. E-mail Address [email protected]. According to this source, the marriage date of William Wood and Sarah Stark was recorded in a " Wood Family Bible ." Deborah reported there were three different sources with conflicting dates: 1. 1767- Maryland or NJ [Lyman C. Draper Manuscript notes, Series 8BB.]; 2. September 1768 - [1892 Marshall research, DAR 406237]; 3. February 14, 1769- [Bible, date only]. [ Author's Comment: I have determined the Bible record most likely to be correct based on the above discussion, as did the contributor of this information and that the place of marriage was Loudoun County, the place of residence of William Wood and Daniel Stark in 1768.] 4) Author's Comment: As will be revealed later, Daniel and Christopher Stark served during the Revolutionary War in Captain Abner Howell's Company in Washington County, Pennsylvania and James Stark did live in close proximity to members of the Howell family in Loudoun County as reported above. 5) James Stark of Stafford County, Virginia And His Descendants , compiled by Mary Kathryn Harris & Mary Iva Jean Jorgensen, Copyright 1985, Privately Printed Fort Worth. Volume 1, page 1271. 16 Volume 4: The Kentucky Branches; Descendants of Jonathan Stark & Sarah Lacock Chapter 1: The Kentucky Stark Brothers; Sons of Jonathan Stark of Sussex County, New Jersey?
Abner Howell and his family were reported on Stephen Donaldson's list. The Vineyard family may have still been in residence, but records have not been found after 1769. The Shriner Research team reports the Vineyard's moved to Amwell Township, Washington County, Pennsylvania from Loudoun County in 1776.[1] James Stark and Daniel Stark were not living in Loudoun County at the time the 1770 list was compiled. This was the first record found disclosing Joseph Lacock had moved to Loudoun County from New Jersey by 1770. After 1770, the surnames of interest begin to disappear from the Loudoun County records. The Harris and Jorgensen research team reports Christopher Stark was listed on the "undated tithables" section and once in a section dated "1772-1783."[2] The last record found for James Stark was dated September 13, 1769 in the Loudoun County Court minutes. It was James Stark - vs - Elias John for a note of hand. The defendant did not appear and the plaintiff was awarded 3 pounds . In addition to Joseph Stark being on Hamilton's list of tithables, he appeared in the Loudoun County Court minutes March 14, 1770. Daniel Hart sued Joseph Stark for a note of hand. This case was dismissed as neither appeared.[3] All the above would be the last records in Loudoun County, suggesting the Stark brothers have moved elsewhere by 1771 or 1772 at the latest.
1772 Through February 1774 April 3, 1769, the Pennsylvania Proprietary Land Office opened. Over the next two years, pioneers moved in large numbers into the region afterwards known as Washington County, Pennsylvania. When on March 9, 1771, Bedford County was formed from the western part of Cumberland County, it included this region. Pitt Township and Springhill Township were created at that time, the latter taking in the region which was south of present day Washington, Pennsylvania. The 1772 tax-rolls for Springhill Township, Bedford County, reveal 308 landholders, 89 tenants, and 58 single freemen, most from Virginia and Maryland. Virginia did not attempt to establish court jurisdiction over this part of Western Pennsylvania until late 1773 and early 1774. The Proprietary of Pennsylvania, observing that this region was quickly filling with settlers from Virginia and Maryland without warrants, became alarmed that the area might be lost to Virginia. On February 26, 1773, it created Westmoreland County from the western portion of Bedford County. Springhill Township, with the same boundaries as before, was within the boundary of the new county. Westmoreland's first county seat was at Hannastown, within thirty-five miles of Fort Pitt.
Figure 3: Colonial Road Map === Main Roads ----- Secondary Roads or Trails Colonial Roads that may have been used by families migrating from Loudoun County, Virginia to Redstone and beyond. Two ways of travel could have been used. Being close to the Potomac River, they could have traveled by water to Fort Cumberland and then by land on the secondary roads from Fort Cumberland to Redstone. The second method could have been by land traveling up from Loudoun County to Fredericktown and west to Fort Cumberland on the Main Road and then to Redstone on the secondary road. From Loudoun County, the distance to Fort Cumberland was about 75 miles and to Redstone from Fort Cumberland about 60 miles as the crow flies.
______ 1) Shriner, Walter O., Letter Addressed to Mrs. Lynn Vineyard, Wharton, Texas, signed "Walter O. Shriner, 2525 N. Ninth St., Terre Haute, Ind., 47804, March 12, 1971." Contributed by Pauline Stark Moore. [ Author's Comment: Walter Shriner offers no source information for this statement.] 2) James Stark of Stafford County, Virginia And His Descendants , compiled by Mary Kathryn Harris & Mary Iva Jean Jorgensen, Copyright 1985, Privately Printed Fort Worth. Volume 1, page 1271. 3) Ibid. Volume 1, page 1271. Reports source of James Stark and Joseph Stark Court records was Loudoun County Court Minutes, Book D, page 270 for James Stark & Page 324 for Joseph Stark.
17 Volume 4: The Kentucky Branches; Descendants of Jonathan Stark & Sarah Lacock Chapter 1: The Kentucky Stark Brothers; Sons of Jonathan Stark of Sussex County, New Jersey?
Lord Dunmore, Governor of the Colony of Virginia, visited Fort Pitt in late 17 73 where he met Dr. John Connolly. Dunmore appointed Connolly " Captain and Commandant of the Militia of Pittsburgh ." On January 1, 1774, the unsettled boundary between Pennsylvania and Virginia became hotly contested when Connolly posted a proclamation on the walls of Fort Pitt to announce his appointment and Lord Dunmore's intention to claim the region for Virginia. Within this proclamation, Connolly ordered those men in the region dependant on the fort for protection to assemble the militia on January 25.[1,2] After the lands opened up for settlement in the western regions west of the Monongahela River near Fort Redstone in April of 1769, William Wood, Daniel Stark, and others from Loudoun County may have traveled to Philadelphia when the land office opened, making application for warrants along with many others in Pennsylvania. According to Wood family researchers, grants were issued in 1769 to Benjamin Fry on the Monongahela River; Luther Colvin on Pigeon Creek; and Vincent Colvin on Pigeon Creek.[3] The surname Colvin appears numerous times in the Loudoun County Court minutes as early as 1759 and when the William Wood family moved to Kentucky in 1785 they were accompanied by Benjamin Fry and James Turner, landing at Maysville on December 31, 1784. William Wood was ordained a Baptist Minister in October of 1775 and organized the Limestone Baptist Church in early 1785. The charter members were William Wood, Sarah Wood, James Turner, John Smith, Luther Colvin, Priscilla Colvin, Charles Tucker, Sarah Tucker, and Sarah Stark.[4] From this list of names and their similarity to the names granted land in 1769 abov e, we can hypothesize these families apparently moved together from Loudoun County to the region which became Washington County, Pennsylvania, and then later to Kentucky. However, examination of the Cumberland County, Pennsylvania Index of Warrantees of Land (1750-1784) reveal none of the names mentioned above.[5] Therefore, the accuracy of the Wood Family research cannot be determined with certainty. William Wood married Sarah Stark February 14, 1769 in Loudoun County. Before the marriage, Daniel Stark was living near William Wood. Most likely living with Daniel were his sister and mother, Sarah (Lacock) Stark. Wood family researchers theorize William Wood moved to Redstone Fort with his new bride, which would account for his not being reported on the 1769 tithable list for Loudoun County.[3] It would not be inconceivable William obtained a land grant or was squatting on land in the region as early as 1769. Perhaps Daniel, Joseph, and Christopher Stark removed with the Wood and Colvin families to Pigeon Creek, a tributary of the Monongahela River, where their surnames appear in close proximity on land surveys conducted in 1780. Indian problems, always a threat in the region, could have forced William Wood and his pregnant wife, Sarah, back to Loudoun County in late 1769, explaining why William Wood appeared on the 1770 tithable list along with Christopher and Joseph. Unless Daniel and James were somehow missed, as already mentioned, they were not reported as residents of Loudoun County in 1770 and 1771. Three brothers named Enoch Enoch, Henry Enoch (Junior), and David Enoch had become familiar with the region around Ten Mile Creek and its tributaries as early as 1757. Traveling to and from the land over the mountains were such notables as George Washington, Christopher Gist, and Thomas Cresap who made regular stops at the home of their father, Henry Enoch (Senior), who was living in Hampshire County, Virginia. From these men, the Enoch's were able to learn about the quality of the lands these men visited and their potential for farming.[6] Henry Enoch (Junior) was documented as a resident of Springhill Township, Bedford County, Pennsylvania on the 1772 tax list.[7] He and his brothers, Enoch and David, had moved from Hampshire County, Virginia, perhaps as early as 1768. The Enoch name could not be found among the warrants issued by Cumberland County and he may have been a squatter without a Pennsylvania land grant. David Enoch served as a Lieutenant in the local militia under Dr. John Connolly in 1774 or 1775 and members of his militia unit were Daniel Stark and Christopher Stark. Also reported as residents of Springhill Township in 1772 were Captain William Crawford, Michael Cox, George Colvin, and Joseph Starkey, all recognized as land owners. Baptist Minister John Crossley was on the 1772 tax list as a boarder who was not head of a family. Could Joseph Starkey have been Joseph Stark? Later, in 1783, Joseph Stark was reported to have 240 acres in Amwell Township, Washington County, Pennsylvania. Depending on its location, he could have been in Springhill Township. However, the surname Starkey can be found in many records before and after 1783, so it cannot be determined with certainty Joseph Starkey and Joseph Stark were the same person. ______ 1) The County Court For The District of West Augusta, Virginia, Held At Augusta Town, Near Washington, Pennsylvania, 1776 - 1777 , by Boyd Crumrine. Printed by Observer Job Rooms for the Washington County Historical Society, May 1905. 2) Historic Pittsburgh, Chronology by Decade 1770 - 1779 ; Web Page at URL: http//digital.library.pitt.edu/cgibin/chronology 3) Deborah Nordyke; Wood Family researcher. E-mail Address [email protected]. 4) James Stark of Stafford County, Virginia And His Descendants , compiled by Mary Kathryn Harris & Mary Iva Jean Jorgensen, Copyright 1985, Privately Printed Fort Worth. Volume 1, page 1271 & 1272. 5) Cumberland County Warrantees of Land. 1750-1874. PA Archives Series 3, Vol. 24. See link to list pages at URL http//www.rootsweb.com/~usgenweb/pa/cumberland/. Click on "Land Records." 6) Source 1: http://family treemaker.genealogy.com/u sers/r/e/n/Betty-D-Renick; Family Research of Betty Dotson Renick. Source 2 : The Tenmile Country and Its Pioneer Families: A Genealogical History of the Upper Monongahela Valley , by Howard L. Leckey, published by Closson Press (Apollo, Pennsylvania), page 49. 7) The Monongahela of Old or Historical Sketches of Southwestern Pennsylvania to the Year 1800 , by James Veach. Pittsburgh, 1910 edition.
18 Volume 4: The Kentucky Branches; Descendants of Jonathan Stark & Sarah Lacock Chapter 1: The Kentucky Stark Brothers; Sons of Jonathan Stark of Sussex County, New Jersey?
Figure 4: Washington County, 1781-1787 Location Enoch's Blockhouse, Henry Enoch's home, and William Wood's home. Note location of Redstone near the mouth of Redstone Creek. [ Image source: History of Washington County, Pennsylvania: with biographical sketches of many of its pioneers and prominent men , edited by Boyd Crumrine. Illustrated. Philadelphia: L.H. Everts and Co., 1882. Page 222.
Henry Enoch built a blockhouse two miles below his residence at the junction of Ten Mile Creek and its north fork. This would have been about two miles from the mouth of Ten Mile Creek and the Monongahela River. Nine miles up the North Fork was the blockhouse of Richard Jackson.[1] On December 1, 1773, the first meeting of the Ten Mile Baptist Church was held in the home of Henry's brother, Enoch Enoch. The Ten Mile Baptist Church was the first congregation of any religious denomination in Washington County to procure a regular pastor. They called Rev. James Sutton, February 4, 1774 from Morristown, Morris County, New Jersey, and held their first communion on the first Sabbath in May. Before the next appointed communion could be held, the few members were scattered for the summer on account of the Indians, and the pastor moved back over the mountains until fall.[2] James Sutton was the son of Reverend David Sutton. He married Elizabeth Cox, a surname later to be encountered in Kentucky. As was the case for Baptist Minister John Crossley, the Virginia authorities had little religious tolerance. Everyone was required to pay the Anglican Church tithables. John Crossley attempted to establish a Baptist Church and was imprisoned.[2] When he was released, he moved to Redstone. The records reveal John's surname spelled as Corbley, Crosley, and Crossley. James Stark witnessed Joseph Lacock's will in 1760 in Sussex County, New Jersey. Also a witness to this will was Henry Crosley, his surname similar in spelling to John's surname. Could there be a connection? Reverend Henry Crosley was mentioned in the "Edwards' Materials" text as follows: " Rev. Henry Crossley: He was ordained their pastor (Schooly Baptist Church) in 1753, which was the year of their existence as a church: In 1755, he quitted them, and went to Woolverton, where he gathered a small congregation: he soon left them, and went to Knollton, where he continued about three years: from thence to Mount Bethel; from Mount Bethel to Schooly; from Schooly to Morristown; and from Morristown he went to Redstone , where he now resides; and where he will continue; for he is too old to shift habitations ."[3] ______ 1) Source 1: http://family treemaker.genealogy.com/u sers/r/e/n/Betty-D-Renick; Family Research of Betty Dotson Renick. Source 2: The Tenmile Country and Its Pioneer Families:A Genealogical History of the Upper Monongahela Valley , by Howard L. Leckey, published by Closson Press (Apollo, Pennsylvania), page 49. 2) History of Washington County, From Its First Settlement. .. page 178, Chapter XV, Religious History. By Alfred Creigh, LL. D. Entered according to Act of Congress, in the year 1870, by Alfred Creigh, LL. D. in the Office of the Clerk of the District Court of the United States in and for the Western District of Pennsylvania. 3) Edwards Materials (Baptist History), Volume 1, page 110. By Morgan Edwards. Republished by Heritage Papers, Danielsville, Georgia, 1984.
19 Volume 4: The Kentucky Branches; Descendants of Jonathan Stark & Sarah Lacock Chapter 1: The Kentucky Stark Brothers; Sons of Jonathan Stark of Sussex County, New Jersey?
This section of the publication was about the early Baptist Churches and their ministers in Colonial New Jersey. Henry Crossley provided the property for the Knollton Church formed in 1763 in Sussex County, New Jersey and was its first minister. This was the same Church the Stark and Lacock families joined in that same year. Therefore, Henry Crossley appears to have moved to Redstone about 1774 to 1776. However, his relationship to John Crossley is not known. As further confirmation Henry Crosley/Crossley moved to western Pennsylvania, Alfred Creigh, in his book entitled, The History of Washington County, Pennsylvania , had these comments: " From Rhode Island the cause of religious liberty had spread throughout the New England colonies, and Rev. Henry Crosbye (Crosley) and the Suttons were the heralds that brought it from New Jersey to western Pennsylvania, while John Corbley at the same time carried it fresh from the jails of Virginia ."[1] Reverend Henry Crosbye/Crosley and Reverend Henry Crosley were the same person who witnessed the will of Joseph Lacock in 1760. John Corbley was the above John Crossley on the 1772 Tax list for Springhill Township. The Sutton and Crosley surnames provide a link between the Stark brothers and New Jersey, for one could speculate the Stark families probably knew when the New Jersey Baptist arrived in the region of Redstone and may have been lured to the region in hopes of joining members of their old congregation. The brothers and their families were devout Baptist, and if they found it difficult to practice their religion in Loudoun County, they would have most certainly moved to a more Baptist friendly region. William Wood was on the Loudoun County tithable list in 1770. By the end of 1770, William was at Redstone and settled near Ten Mile Creek. This was where William was converted to the Baptist faith. He preached in neighborhoods in conjunction with John Corbley (Crossley), Rev. Mr. Majors, Rev. James Ireland, & Rev. Mr. Swingler.[2] Christopher Stark Wood was born March 9, 1772, to William and Sarah Wood in Fallowfield, Washington County, VA/PA.[3] Because these place names did not exist in 1772, Christopher would have been born in what was still Bedford County, Pennsylvania. Christopher Stark married Martha Vineyard about 1772, the place of marriage unknown but the approximate date determined by the birth of their first child, James Vineyard Stark, May 10, 1773.[4] In October of 1775, Christopher Stark, Daniel Stark, and William Wood were paid at Fort Pitt for militia service during Dunmore's War. While the question of the residence of the Stark brothers during these years has not been answered, several possibilities have been presented. They may have been squatting on Pennsylvania land warrants as early as 1771 or living in the region of Pigeon Creek with William Wood. For religious reasons, they may have left Loudoun County to join with their Sussex County, New Jersey Baptist neighbors, escaping the tithable system of Virginia. Let's now address the Stark brothers participation in Dunmore's War.
1774 Through 1775 - Dunmore’s War Most historians are in agreement the murder of Mingo Chief Logan's relatives at Baker's cabin on April 30, 1774, was the beginning of the conflict between the settlers and Native American tribes which became known as Dunmore’s War. However, preceding that date, the boundary dispute between Pennsylvania and Virginia was the cause of considerable unrest amongst settlers west of the Monongahela River. On January 1, 1774, the unsettled boundary between Pennsylvania and Virginia became hotly contested when Dr. John Connolly posted a proclamation on the walls of Fort Pitt announcing his appointment by Lord Dunmore, Governor of Virginia, as Commandant of the Militia of Pittsburgh and further proclaimed Virginia had jurisdiction over Pittsburgh and its dependencies. The proclamation posted stated the following:
" Whereas his Excellency John, the Earl of Dunmore, Governor in chief and Captain General of the Colony and Dominion of Virginia, and Vice Admiral of the same, has been pleased to nominate and appoint me Captain, Commandant of the Militia of Pittsburgh and its Dependencies, with instructions to assure his Majesty’s Subjects settled on the Western Waters, that having the greatest Regard to their Prosperity and Interest, and convinced from their repeated Memorials to the House of Burgesses the Necessity of erecting a New County, to include Pittsburgh, for the redress of our Complaints, and to take every other Step that may attend to afford you that justice for which you Solicit. In order to facilitate this desirable circumstance, I hereby require and command all persons in the Dependency of Pittsburgh to assemble themselves there as a Militia on the 25th Instant, at which time I shall communicate other Matters for the promotion of public Utility. Given under my Hand, this 1st day of January, 1774 ." Signed: John Connolly [Source: " History of Washington County, Pennsylvania with biographical sketches of many of its pioneers and prominent men ." Edited by Boyd Crumrine. Published in Philadelphia by L.H. Everts and Co., 1882. Page 169.] ______ 1) History of Washington County, From Its First Settlement ... page 178, Chapter XV, Religious History. By Alfred Creigh, LL. D. Entered according to Act of Congress, in the year 1870, by Alfred Creigh, LL. D. in the Office of the Clerk of the District Court of the United States in and for the Western District of Pennsylvania. 2) Deborah Nordyke; Wood Family researcher. E-mail Address [email protected]. Her source: Unpublished Lyman C. Draper (1815-1891) Manuscript notes, Series 8BB. Owned by the Wisconsin State Historical Society. 3) Cemetery Record. Christopher Wood is buried in Hoover Cemetery, Athens, Indiana. 4) David Stark Borrowman, Stark Family History , (Manuscript), page 25, Markers In The Hutton Hill Cemetery . This would have been Nebo, Pike County, Illinois. Inscription reads, " James Stark died Oct. 19, 1853 age 78 yrs., 5 mo., 9 days ." Translates to May 10, 1775 for birth date. [ Author's comment: Most researchers show the date as May 10, 1773. I have used their date although the tombstone indicates he was born two years later. Tombstones have been known to have errors or Borrowman was not correct in h is text.]
20 Volume 4: The Kentucky Branches; Descendants of Jonathan Stark & Sarah Lacock Chapter 1: The Kentucky Stark Brothers; Sons of Jonathan Stark of Sussex County, New Jersey?
Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania, created on February 26, 1773 from part of Bedford County, also claimed jurisdiction over the region. Arthur St. Clair, Prothonotary (Chief Clerk) for Westmoreland County, received communication January 12 th from Justice Aeneas Mackay which said; " This imprudent piece (The proclamation) will I am much afraid be the means of creating great confusion and disturbance in this country, unless proper steps will be taken to check it in time ." In his proclamation, Connolly had commanded the militia to assemble in Pittsburgh on January 25 th . One day before the appointed time for the militia to meet, Connolly was arrested by order of St. Clair for having been the author of the proclamation and unlawfully ordering the militia to be assembled. Connolly was jailed after refusing to promise assurances of good behavior till the next court met in April. St. Clair believed the arrest of Connolly would be an end to the affair. However, about eighty armed men assembled the next day, their allegiance clearly with Virginia and Dr. Connolly. Towards nightfall, after a day of drinking, they became belligerent but no hostile acts occurred because the Westmoreland officials maintained a low profile until morning. The Pennsylvanians were stunned to learn Dr. Connolly was given a commission signed by Lord Dunmore giving him military authority over the region, for they believed such disputes would be settled by the Crown. In a letter to Governor Penn, St. Clair wrote: " And it must be evident to you that Lord Dunmore, as Governor of Virginia, can have no more right to determine this matter, than one of us, for this plain reason; the charters of Pennsylvania and Virginia, both flowed originally from the Crown; on that footing they are perfectly independent of each other; but they are both parties in this dispute, and consequently neither can be judge ." After a few days, Dr. Connolly, after pledging his honor to return before the next court in April, was released by Sheriff John Proctor. After spending a few days in Pittsburgh, Connolly traveled to Redstone where twenty men were recruited to accompany him to Virginia. He was commissioned Justice of the Peace of West Augusta District by the Augusta County Court, providing him with additional legal powers. He returned to Pittsburgh on March 28 with about 20 armed men and again declared the region was within the jurisdiction of Virginia. " West Augusta District was part of Augusta County and within the jurisdiction of Virginia ," declared Connolly to those assembled to hear him read a letter prepared and signed by Lord Dunmore. The letter further announced the actions of Connolly had the full support of the Governor of Virginia and commanded him to assemble the militia at Pittsburgh to enforce the Laws of Virginia. Soon after, Sheriff Proctor and his Constables were arrested giving Virginia full control of Fort Pitt. In a letter to Governor Penn, Justice Mackay wrote: " The Indians are greatly alarmed at seeing parties of armed men patrolling through our streets daily, not knowing but there is hostility intended against them and their country ." Connolly left Pittsburgh March 30 with a militia body-guard of between 150 and 200 men, intending as promised, to appear at the next court secession of Westmoreland County at Hannastown. However, his intention was not to summit to the court of Westmoreland but to use his authority as Justice of the Peace of West Augusta District to issue Kings Warrants for the arrest of Westmoreland Justices Mackay, Devereux Smith, and Andrew McFarlane. They were arrested at their homes on April 9 for interfering with the duties of a Virginia official and transported under guard to Staunton, Virginia. Mackay was granted permission to proceed to Williamsburg where he reported the circumstances of the arrest of the three men directly to Lord Dunmore. According to Mackay, Dunmore stated; "... that Connolly was authorized by him as Governor of Virginia to prosecute the claim of that Colony to Pittsburgh and its Dependencies, and as to taking of prisoners, he Connolly only imitated the Pennsylvania officers in Respect to Connolly's imprisonment by them ." After the audience before Dunmore, the three prisoners were released who then returned to their homes. After failed attempts by Governor Penn to negotiate a settlement of the boundary dispute with Lord Dunmore, Governor Penn sent correspondence on April 22, 1774 to William Crawford, his associates, and Justices of Westmoreland directing them to use caution when confronting the Officers of Lord Dunmore. Lacking the ability to retaliate, Pennsylvania temporarily conceded jurisdiction of the region to Dr. Connolly and Virginia. On April 30, 1774, Mingo Chief Logan, with a hunting party consisting of men, women and children, pitched camp at the mouth of Yellow Creek on the west side of the Ohio River. Up river at the mouth of Beaver Creek lived Joshua Baker, whose chief occupation was trading with local tribes and providing them with Liquor. Several members of the tribe including relatives of Chief Logan, made a peaceful visit to the Baker cabin, and after several of the tribesmen became intoxicated, were killed by Daniel Greathouse and several other settlers. One woman with a baby of about 2 months was among those killed but the child's life was spared. This event, more than any other, escalated already strained relations between the settlers and Native Americans to a state of war. On May 6 th , Valentine Crawford, brother of William Crawford, living on Jacobs Creek near the Youghioheny River, wrote a letter to George Washington which said: " This alarm has caused the people to move from over the Monongahela, off Chartiers and Raccoon [Creeks], as fast as you ever saw them in the year 1756 or 1757 down in Frederick County, Virginia. There were more than one thousand people crossed the Monongahela in one day at three ferries that are not one mile apart ." This correspondence suggests that the region between the Monongahela and Ohio Rivers was rapidly being evacuated as the settlers moved to safer areas east of the Monongahela River.
21 Volume 4: The Kentucky Branches; Descendants of Jonathan Stark & Sarah Lacock Chapter 1: The Kentucky Stark Brothers; Sons of Jonathan Stark of Sussex County, New Jersey?
On May 8 th , William Crawford, living on the west bank of the Youghioheny River near Stewart's Crossing, wrote a letter to Colonel George Washington: " Daniel Greathouse and some others fell on some (Indians) at the mouth of Yellow Creek, and killed and scalped ten, and took one child about two months old, which is now at my house. I have taken the child from a woman that it had been given to. Our inhabitants are much alarmed, many hundreds having gone over the mountain, and the whole country evacuated as far as the Monongahela, and many on this side of the river are gone over the mountain. In short, a war is every moment expected. We have a council now with the Indians. What the event will be I do not know. I am now setting out for Fort Pitt at the head of one hundred men. Many others are to meet me there and at Wheeling, where we shall await the motions of the Indians and act accordingly ." Therefore, on May 8 th , Crawford, leading about 100 men, left for Fort Pitt where he was to rendezvous with others. He then expected to proceed from Fort Pitt to Wheeling where additional men were expected to join his force. During the early part of May, Connolly sent a letter to Dunmore informing him of the attacks being carried out by Indians in the region and revealed his plan to send a detachment of men to Wheeling to construct a Fort on the Ohio River. Ebenezer Zane and John Caldwell had already begun construction on the site by building a blockhouse. In early June, without waiting for a reply from Dunmore, Connolly ordered William Crawford to proceed to Wheeling. Rather than travel down the Ohio from Fort Pitt to Wheeling, Crawford most likely elected to travel up Chartier's Creek to Catfish Camp and from there to Wheeling, perhaps recruiting other men along the way. By the time he arrived at Wheeling in the middle of June, his command consisted of between 200 and 300 men. Meanwhile, Dunmore ordered Colonel Angus McDonald, an officer of Fredrick County, Virginia, to assemble the militia. Once assembled, he was to proceed to Wheeling with orders to assist in the completion of the fort. Upon completion of the fort, he was to then proceed west from Wheeling to the Muskingum River and attack several Shawnee villages at Wakatomica. After some difficulty in raising the force, McDonald crossed the Monongahela River at Redstone Fort with between 400 and 500 men, arriving at Wheeling in July. With the addition of these men, the fort at Wheeling was quickly completed and named Fort Fincastle in honor of Lord Dunmore. Leaving Crawford in command of about two hundred men at the newly completed fort, McDonald departed Wheeling with about 400 to 500 m en, arriving on July 26th at the mouth of Fish Creek, located about twenty-four miles below Wheeling on the Ohio River. From there, he marched cross country to the Muskingum River. After crossing about 90 miles of wilderness, on August 2, the party was ambushed by about 30 Shawnee 6 miles from the villages. After a brief skirmish of thirty minutes, the Native Americans broke off contact leaving four dead and taking their wounded with them. McDonald's command suffered two dead and five wounded. One of those killed in the skirmish was a man named Martin and three of the wounded were Nathaniel Fox, William Linn, and John Hardin. Leaving a small party to attend to the wounded, McDonald pressed on arriving at the Muskingum by nightfall. Across the river, the Shawnee were prepared to protect their villages and during the evening shots were exchanged which produced no casualties. After several days of small skirmishes with the tribes, the Shawnee sued for peace, a delaying tactic designed to allow the tribes to move their women and children to safety. By the time McDonald crossed the river, the Shawnee were gone, having abandoned their villages. Before leaving, McDonald burned the villages and nearby corn crops. With provisions running low, McDonald returned to Wheeling and then to Redstone Fort where he awaited the arrival of Lord Dunmore. Lord Dunmore departed Williamsburg, Virginia about mid-August, recruiting some twelve hundred men as he proceeded to Fort Pitt, arriving there in early September. He had ordered Colonel Andrew Lewis, who had been assembling a militia of 1,100 men at Camp Union, to proceed to the mouth of the Kanawha River, where the two forces were to rendezvous for joint attacks on the Shawnee villages located on the Scioto River. Dunmore arrived at Fort Fincastle (Wheeling) on September 30, 1774. On October 1, Valentine Crawford wrote a letter to George Washington announcing the arrival of Dunmore at Fort Fincastle and Dunmore's plans for the expedition. He wrote: " His Lordship arrived here yesterday with about twelve hundred men, seven hundred of whom came by water with his L'd'p [Lordship], and five hundred came with my brother William by land with the bullocks. His L'd'p has sent him with five hundred men, fifty packhorses, and two hundred bullocks to meet Col. Lewis at the mouth of Hockhocking, below the mouth of Little Kanawha. His Lordship is to go by water with the rest of the troops in a few days ." After McDonald returned from his expedition into the Indian Territory, William Crawford must have returned to Fort Pitt (most likely by the middle of August or early September) where he joined with the forces led by Dunmore. Crawford's troops moved the cattle overland from Fort Pitt, probably driving the cattle up Chartier's Creek to Catfish Camp and then over to Wheeling, arriving either before or on September 30. The supply train then crossed the Ohio and traveled parallel to the river to the mouth of the Hocking River where a stockade for the cattle was erected with the assistance of Dunmore's troops from Wheeling a few days later. Colonel Lewis' force arrived at the mouth of the Kanawha on October 6 th , and not finding Dunmore at the place of rendezvous, sent messengers up the Ohio looking for His Lordship. October 9 th , Lewis received a dispatch from Dunmore reporting he was at the mouth of the Hocking River and was going to move up the Hocking and overland to the Shawnee villages on the Scioto River and ordered Lewis to cross the Ohio and proceed overland from his location to the same villages where the two forces would join together for the attack. However, on October 10 th , Lewis was attacked by about one thousand Shawnee Warriors led by Chief Cornstalk. The battle of Pleasant Point lasted all day with heavy casualties on both sides causing Chief Cornstalk to retreat across the Ohio and return to the villages on the Scioto River. After attending to the wounded, Lewis proceeded towards the Shawnee villages as ordered.
22 Volume 4: The Kentucky Branches; Descendants of Jonathan Stark & Sarah Lacock Chapter 1: The Kentucky Stark Brothers; Sons of Jonathan Stark of Sussex County, New Jersey?
Figure 5 1) April 30- Massacre of Logan's Relatives at Bakers Cabin. 2) May 8- William Crawford leaves Stewart's Crossing for Fort Pitt with 100 men. 3) May to early June - William Crawford at Fort Pitt assembling men for move to Wheeling. 4) Mid June - William Crawford arrives at Wheeling with between 200 and 300 men and works with Ebenezer Zane and John Caldwell to build a fort later named Fort Fincastle in Lord Dunmore's honor. 5) July - Angus McDonald arrives from Frederick County, Virginia with between 400 and 500. Assists in completion of Fort. 6) July 26 - Angus McDonald leaves Wheeling with 400 men arriving at Fish Creek 24 miles down river fromWheeling. Begins march overland from Fish Creek to Shawnee Villages on the Muskingum River.
23 Volume 4: The Kentucky Branches; Descendants of Jonathan Stark & Sarah Lacock Chapter 1: The Kentucky Stark Brothers; Sons of Jonathan Stark of Sussex County, New Jersey?
Dunmore arrived at Camp Charlotte on Sippo Creek before Lewis arrived and probably because of the defeat at Point Pleasant, Cornstalk and the other Shawnee Chiefs met with Lord Dunmore. A council of the chiefs was held, and although Cornstalk was bitterly opposed by many of the chiefs, he was able to persuade them to seek a peace with the Virginians. The terms set forth by Dunmore were honored by the Shawnee and a treaty was concluded. By the time Lewis arrived, the war was over, and although he and his men wanted to continue the hostilities, Lord Dunmore ordered them to return to Point Pleasant. Not all of the Indians wanted peace, for the Mingo were still defiant. They slipped away with their prisoners and livestock stolen during the hostilities, thus not complying with the terms of the treaty signed by the Shawnee Chiefs. Major William Crawford, promoted from Captain by Dunmore, wrote the following letter to his friend George Washington:
Stewart's Crossing, Nov. 14, 1774" Sir, - I yesterday returned from our late expedition against the Shawanese, and I think we may with propriety say we have had great success, as we made them sensible of their villany and weakness, and I hope made peace with them on such a footing as will be lasting, if we can make them adhere to the terms of the agreement, which are as follows: First they have to give up all the prisoners taken ever by them in war with white people, also negros, and all horses stolen or taken by them since the last war. And, further, no Indians for the future is to hunt on the east side of the Ohio, nor any white man on the west side; as that seems to have been the cause of some of the disturbance between our people and them. As a guarantee that they will perform their part of the agreement, they have given up four chief men, to be kept as hostages, who are to be relieved yearly, or as they may choose. The Shawanese have complied with the terms, but the Mingoes did not like the conditions, and had a mind to deceive us; but Lord Dunmore discovered their intentions, which were to slip off while we wer e settling matters with the Shawanese. The Mingoes intended to go to the Lakes, and take their prisoners with them, and their horses which they had stolen. Lord Dunmore ordered myself with two hundred and forty men to set out in the night. We were to march to a town about forty miles distant from our camp up the Scioto, where we understood the whole of the Mingoes were to rendezvous upon the following day, in order to pursue their journey. This intelligence came by John Montour, son of Capt. Montour, whom you formerly knew. Because of the number of Indians in our camp, we marched out of it under pretense of going to Hockhocking for more provisions. Few knew of our setting off, anyhow, and none knew where we were going to until the next day. Our march was performed with as much speed as possible. We arrived at a town called the Salt Lick Town the ensuing night, and at daybreak we got around it with one-half our force, and the remainder were sent to a small village half a mile distant. Unfortunately one of our men was discovered by an Indian who lay out from the town some distance by a log which the man was creeping up to. This obliged the man to kill the Indian. This happened before daylight, which did us much damage, as the chief part of the Indians made their escape in the dark, but we got fourteen prisoners and killed six of the enemy, wounding several more. We got all their baggage and horses, ten of their guns, and two white prisoners. The plunder sold for four hundred pounds sterling, besides what was returned to a Mohawk Indian who was there. The whole of the Mingoes were ready to start, and were to have set out the morning we attacked them . [Source: History of Washington County, Pennsylvania with biographical sketches of many of its pioneers and prominent men . Edited by Boyd Crumrine. Published in Philadelphia by L.H. Everts and Co., 1882. Pages 72 and 73.]
This assault on the Mingo town by Major Crawford was the last act of hostility in Dunmore's War. In late October, Dunmore pulled out and was back at Redstone by November 17 th . Before leaving the region, however, he left some troops to garrison various outposts along the Ohio and many in his command did not return home until January or February of 1775. ______ Bibliography - 1774 Through 1775 - Dunmore’s War • History of Washington County, Pennsylvania with biographical sketches of many of its pioneers and prominent men , Edited by Boyd Crumrine. Published in Philadelphia by L.H. Everts and Co., 1882. • Documentary History of Dunmore's War , 1774, (1905), edited by Reuben Gold Thwaites & Louise Phelps Kellogg, published by the State Historical Society of Wisconsin (Madison, Wisconsin), reprinted by C. J. Carrier Company (Harrisonburg, Virginia), 1974. Pages 151-156. [McDonald's Expeditio n Extracts from a letter from Maj. Angus McDonald to Maj. John Connolly. Reprinted from English Historical Manuscripts Commission, 11 th Report , Volume V, p. 359.] [Based on extracts enclosed in a letter from Thomas Walpole to the Earl of Dartmouth, dated October 27, 1774]. • The Indian Wars of Pennsylvania: An Account of the Indian Events, in Pennsylvania, of The French and Indian War, Pontiac's War, Lord Dunmore's War, The Revolutionary War and the Indian Uprising from 1789 to 1795; Tragedies of the Pennsylvania Frontier, Based Primarily on the Pennsylvania Archivesand Colonial Records, Second Edition, Including Supplement to the First Edition and Handwritten Corrections by the Author (1931). By C. Hale Sipe. Reprinted in 1995, 1998, 1999 by Wennawoods Publishing. Battle of Point Pleasant, pages 498-499. • Lord Dunmore's Little War of 1774: His Captains and Their Men Who Opened Up Kentucky & the West to American Settlement (2002), by Warren Skidmore with Donna Kaminsky, published by Heritage Books, Inc. (Westminster, Maryland), 2002. Pages 9-12 Chapter Three: Preparation s for War .
24 Volume 4: The Kentucky Branches; Descendants of Jonathan Stark & Sarah Lacock Chapter 1: The Kentucky Stark Brothers; Sons of Jonathan Stark of Sussex County, New Jersey?
Figure 6 - Dunmore War Later 7) August 2 - McDonald ambushed by Shawnee. Nathaniel Fox Wounded. 8) Late August - McDonald back at Redstone awaiting arrival of Lord Dunmore. 9) Early September - William Crawford back at Fort Pitt awaiting arrival of Lord Dunmore. 10) Mid September - William Crawford and 500 men move cattle and supplies from Fort Pitt to Wheeling. 11) September 30 - Dunmore and Crawford arrive at Wheeling. Crawford continues to Hocking River. 12) October 9 - Crawford & Dunmore at mouth of Hocking River where Stockade was completed for the cattle. 13) October 10 - Battle of Point Pleasant occurs. 14) Later in October - Dunmore arrives at Camp Charlotte where Cornstalk and Chiefs meet to discuss ending the war. 15) Towards end of October - Crawford sent up the Scioto to destroy Mingo Village. 16) November 14, 1774 - Crawford writes a letter to George Washington from his home at Steward's Crossing.
25 Volume 4: The Kentucky Branches; Descendants of Jonathan Stark & Sarah Lacock Chapter 1: The Kentucky Stark Brothers; Sons of Jonathan Stark of Sussex County, New Jersey? The Stark Brothers Participation In Dunmore’s War James Stark, Daniel Stark, Christopher Stark, and William Wood participated in Dunmore's War for which they were paid at Fort Pitt in October of 1775. However, at the beginning of hostilities, their place of residence is not known with certainty. They all may have been living near Pigeon Creek which would have placed them about five miles west of the Monongahela River and half-way between Redstone and Pittsburgh. Records from Dunmore's War report Daniel Stark and Christopher Stark served in Colonel William Crawford's Frederick County, Virginia Regiment under Captain Joseph Mitchell, their company commander. Two others serving in Captain Mitchell's Company were Lieutenant Nathaniel Fox and Sergeant Zophar Ball. The length of service of Captain Mitchell, for which he was paid 79 pounds and 10 shillings, was 159 days.[1] Assuming hostilities ended before the end of October 1774, Mitchell's pay period probably ended about November 1, 1774, implying his pay period began about May 20, 1774. Therefore, the Stark brothers could have served in Colonel William Crawford's Regiment between May 20, 1774 and November 1, 1774. From the above historical account, William Crawford departed his home with 100 men May 8 th for Fort Pitt, where other men of the surrounding area militia were to assemble. By the time Crawford was ready to leave Fort Pitt for Wheeling he had a command of between two hundred and three hundred men, many apparently living on both sides of the Monongahela River and as far east as Laurel Hills. Its possible some of these men traveled over the mountains from Frederick County, meeting at Steward's Crossing before proceeding on to Fort Pitt with Crawford. Joseph Mitchell could have been one of these men. Because Pigeon Creek was in close proximity to Stewart's Crossing, the Stark brothers could have also been among those who assembled at Steward's Crossing. Once the men had assembled at Fort Pitt, they surely were organized into companies, not all of the men in each company necessarily from the same region but assigned to regional Captains. The above historical account reveals the region between the Monongahela and Ohio Rivers had been mostly evacuated. Allowing Daniel and Christopher time to move their families to safety on the east side of the Monongahela River between April 30 and May 20, they probably had time to travel to Fort Pitt to participate in the militia assembly or assigned to Mitchell's Company May 8 th at Steward's Crossing. If they served in William Crawford's Regiment, then they most likely participated in much of the activity attributed to his regiment during Dunmore's War. Without doubt, Daniel and Christopher participated in the construction of Fort Fincastle if they were part of William Crawford's Regiment when he departed Pittsburgh in early June. Nathaniel Fox was a Lieutenant in Mitchell's Company and was one of those wounded when Angus McDonald's command was ambushed near the Muskingum River August 2 nd . Logic would suggest Daniel and Christopher, as members of the same company, were members of McDonald's expedition to the Shawnee villages located on the Muskingum River. However, as the historical accounts mention, William Crawford was ordered to stay at Fort Fincastle with about 200 to 300 men to protect the Fort and residents in the area. Therefore, Mitchell's Command would most likely have been temporarily assigned to the expedition, which would have been McDonald's prerogative as the ranking officer on the scene. Likewise, it cannot be said with certainty that Captain Mitchell's Company traveled back to Fort Pitt with Crawford in late August or early September; for surely some men would have stayed at Fort Fincastle in the event the Indians renewed their attacks across the Ohio. Again, one can only speculate that the Stark brothers may have participated in moving the cattle and supplies from Fort Pitt to Wheeling as related in the historical account. Assuming Captain Mitchell's Company participated in concert with William Crawford's Regiment after September 30, 1774, then one would have to presume they would have participated in the Regiment's activities throughout the month of October 1774 and the skirmish with the Mingo's late in October. At the conclusion of the War in late October, Crawford's regiment must have been relieved or disbanded by November 14, 1774, the date Crawford wrote his letter to George Washington from Stewart's Crossing. However, did the Stark brothers complete their tour at that time and return to their families? The records of payment for Dunmore's War reveal John Connolly was in Command of the West Augusta County Battalion . After Lord Dunmore's return to Redstone November 17 and from there to Williamsburg, Connolly resumed command of the forces remaining in the District of West Augusta. Although a treaty had been signed and honored by the Shawnee, there were other Indian tribes which did not want to honor the agreement. Therefore, as a safety precaution, one would have to presume companies of men would have been garrisoned at forts on the Ohio River as a first line of defense in the event these tribes chose to renew their raids. Within Connolly's command was Lieutenant David Enoch, brother of Henry Enoch. Recall Henry had built a blockhouse on Ten Mile Creek about 1770. The length of service of Lieutenant Enoch, for which he was paid 79 pounds and 10 shillings, was 132 days.[1] Serving in Enoch's Company was Sergeant Zophar Ball, the same Sergeant who served in Joseph Mitchell's Company. Private Peter Nieswanger later reported he had first served under Captain Peter Helphinstone bef ore being assigned to David Enoch's Company. Those men appearing on the rosters of both Joseph Mitch ell's Company and David Enoch's Company were: Daniel Stark, Christopher Stark, John Reese, Reese Gaddis, William Carter, Abraham Sutton/Suttin, Phillip Vavell/Varvill, George Keaner/ Kinder, John Henry, Micheal Spencer, William Morris, Elijah Mo rris, Archibald Morris, and Alexander Keith. Of the thirtyfour privates in Enoch's Command, at least fourteen had served with Mitchell. ______ 1) Lord Dunmore's Little War of 1774: His Captains and Their Men Who Opened Up Kentucky & the West to American Settlement (2002), by Warren Skidmore with Donna Kaminsky, published by Heritage Books, Inc. (Westminster, Maryland), 2002. Pages 42, 53-54, 66-67.
26 Volume 4: The Kentucky Branches; Descendants of Jonathan Stark & Sarah Lacock Chapter 1: The Kentucky Stark Brothers; Sons of Jonathan Stark of Sussex County, New Jersey?
Other names that might have been part of Mitchell's command could have been Sergeant Jonathan Frazee / Private Jonathan Frazer and Private Benjamin Frazee/Frazer). Private James Stark was reported as a member of this command, probably joining after returning to the region with the other Stark Families sometime in November.[1] Where these men may have lived before Dunmore's War has not been fully researched, but circumstance suggest all of the men in Enoch's Command most likely lived between the Ohio and Monongahela Rivers, staying behind to protect their families who were returning to their homes. If David Enoch's pay period started on November 1, 1774 and ended 132 days later, then the men in his company served until about March 12, 1775. However, the historical account revealed Connolly called out the militia on January 25, 1774, as related in those historical events which occurred before the massacre at Bakers Cabin on April 30. If the pay period was continuous from January 25, then the service would have ended about June 6, 1774, about the time William Crawford departed Pittsburgh for Wheeling. Therefore, this cannot be completely discounted. However, one would have to question the Stark Family loyalty to Virginia at that time if they had moved to a region they believed belonged to Pennsylvania to escape the Virginia tithable system and Virginia's intolerance of Baptist. This would rather strongly suggests they probably were not participants in Connolly's activities before the massacre at Baker's Cabin. While the above has not established a place of residency for the Stark Family after 1772, the brothers participation in Dunmore's War suggests they were living between the Monongahela and Ohio Rivers at the time of the massacre of Chief Logan's relatives at Baker's Cabin on April 30, 1774. Their service in Mitchell's Company would seem to imply they came from Frederick County, Virginia, the regional name given to their Regiment commanded by William Crawford. However, the historical account clearly reveals Crawford was a Westmoreland County official on April 30, being appointed a Major in the Virginia militia after April 30. Therefore, it would seem reasonable to expect men under his command were not all residents of Frederick County. Many were probably members of the local militias that assembled at Stewart's Crossing, Pittsburgh, and Wheeling. An even more compelling reason for believing they lived in the region was their service under Lieutenant David Enoch. The Enoch family was documented living on Ten Mile Creek by 1772 and historical accounts report they had build a blockhouse only two miles from the Monongahela River on that same creek. One could easily speculate David Enoch's men lived near the Blockhouse, providing protection in that region against Indian attacks, and that these same men had served earlier in Joseph Mitchell's Command. If this were true, then the men in Enoch's command could have been living near the blockhouse. This would be only one of several possibilities, for they could have also garrisoned any of the several forts built along the Ohio River. What is known for sure is James Stark, Daniel Stark, Christopher Stark, and William Wood were paid at Fort Pitt for their service in Dunmore's War, which would at least suggest they were living near Pittsburgh by October of 1775 and their participation in Dunmore's War further suggests they could have been living over the mountains in the boundary disputed region before April 30, 1774.
The Revolutionary War Years Early in May 1775, communication arrived in the disputed region that on April 19 th a detachment of Royal troops under the command of General Gage at Boston, Massachusetts, had fired on provincial troops at Lexington. These were the opening shots of the Revolution. The boundary dispute between Virginia and Pennsylvania was temporarily set aside; but both Augusta County, Virginia, and Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania, had meetings on May 16 th at separate locations. Inhabitants living west of Laurel Hill and claiming allegiance to Augusta County met at Pittsburgh. Several familiar names chosen as members of a committee for the District of Augusta were William Crawford, Henry Enoch, and James Ennis, whom we will learn later was a neighbor of William Wood near Pigeon Creek. The appointed committee had the "... full power to meet at such times as they shall judge necessary, and in case of any emergency to call the committee of this district together, and shall be vested with the same power and authority as the other standing committee and committees of correspondence are in the other counties within this colony ." Colony in this instance meant Virginia, not Pennsylvania. The committee unanimously passed several resolutions supporting the events of April 19 th and additional resolutions needed to raise money for gunpowder and supplies for the militia. Of interest in these resolutions was the request for assistance from Frederick County, Augusta County, and Hampshire County in obtaining ammunition. The resolution requested: "... a quantity of ammunition destined for this place for the purpose of government, and as this country on the west side of Laurel Hill is greatly distressed for want of ammunition, and deprived of the means of Procuring it ..." The term "west of Laurel Hill" indicates that the West District of Augusta claimed jurisdiction over the region on both sides of the Monongahela River as far east as Laurel Hill. Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania, had a similar meeting on the same day at their county seat. One of the resolutions unanimously passed stated: " And the better to enable us to accomplish it [Resist the acts of the Parliament of Great Britain] we will immediately form ourselves into a military body, to consist of companies, to be made up out of the several townships, under the following association, which is declared to be the Association of Westmoreland County ." ______ 1) Lord Dunmore's Little War of 1774: His Captains and Their Men Who Opened Up Kentucky & the West to American Settlement (2002), by Warren Skidmore with Donna Kaminsky, published by Heritage Books, Inc. (Westminster, Maryland), 2002. Pages 42, 53-54, 66-67.
27 Volume 4: The Kentucky Branches; Descendants of Jonathan Stark & Sarah Lacock Chapter 1: The Kentucky Stark Brothers; Sons of Jonathan Stark of Sussex County, New Jersey?
Pennsylvania had been founded as a Quaker pacifist colony, and as such, Pennsylvania did not have a military organization. This was probably one of the reasons Virginia was able to establish control of Pittsburgh and the surrounding region during the boundary disputes. Therefore, early in 1775, certain localities organized volunteer companies called "military associations." On June 30, 1775, the Pennsylvania Provisional Assembly gave official recognition to the Military Associations and grouped their companies into battalions . It wasn't until March 17, 1777, that Pennsylvania passed an act that provided compulsory enrollment by the constables of all able-bodied white males between the ages of eighteen and fifty-three, which established a militia system similar to that in the other colonies. In the fall of 1775, the Seventh Virginia Regiment was organized by Colonel William Crawford. Many of the men who joined were residents of the Monongahela country. Although Crawford had been an official of Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania before Dunmore's War, he was now an established partisan of Virginia, although he lived at Stewart's Crossing on the Youghiogheny River. Most people living west of the Monongahela River believed they were Virginians and within the jurisdiction of Augusta County, Virginia. Therefore, the Seventh Virginia Regiment consisted of men who were residents from areas which later became Washington County, Pennsylvania and men who would later be residents of that part of Westmoreland County which later became Fayette County. This regiment entered service with the Continental army in the east, where it served for many years. In the latter part of the War, the Seventh served in the Western Department under the command of Colonel John Gibson, with headquarters at Fort Pitt. The Thirteenth Virginia regiment known as the "West Augusta Regiment," was raised with recruits from the same region as those who served in the Seventh Virginia Regiment. After a short period as the regimental commander of the Seventh, Crawford was made commander of the Thirteenth Regiment. This regiment served in the west with detachments stationed at Fort Pitt and other places on the Ohio and Allegheny Rivers. At this early stage of the war, Westmoreland County raised a company that served under Captain Joseph Erwin, then was merged with the Thirteenth Pennsylvania under Colonel Samuel Miles, and later was incorporated into the Second Pennsylvania. This regiment eventually discharged at Valley Forge January 1, 1778, by reason of completion of the terms of their enlistment. One last Pennsylvania Regiment was formed during these early years of the conflict between (1775 and 1777). This was the Eight Regiment of Pennsylvania, that had recruits from Bedford County forming one company and seven companies recruited from Westmoreland County. This regiment was assigned the task of defending the western frontier, being garrisoned at Presque Isle, Le Boeuf, and Kittaning. At the beginning of the war, Colonel John Neville was in command of a Virginia militia unit comprised of men from the Monongahela and Ohio River settlements. With the assistance of Colonel George Morgan, Congressional Agent of Indian affairs in the West, Neville attempted to pursue a peaceful policy towards the Indians. This failed with all of the tribes accept the Delaware. On June 7, 1777, Fort Henry [formally Fort Fincastle] at Wheeling was garrisoned by 50 Virginia militia who were apparently residents of the region between the Ohio and Monongahela Rivers. The commander of the Fort was Captain Samuel Meason. Reporting to Meason was Captain Van Meter, a resident living near Catfish Camp and Captain Brice Virgin, a resident from the region which later became Greene County, Pennsylvania. By then, General Edward Hand, an officer of the Continental establishment, had replaced Neville and was the regional commander with his headquarters at Fort Pitt [formally Fort Dunmore]. In January 1778, General George Rogers Clarke, a Virginia officer, raised one hundred and fifty men from the vicinity of the upper Monongahela River. They built and launched boats on the Monongahela River near Redstone Fort, departing down river in May. They recruited reinforcements as they floated down the river to the Ohio; eventually capturing British posts west of the Wabash River. In February, General Hand led an expedition of about five hundred men into the region west of the Ohio, which resulted in one Indian warrior and one squaw being killed and one squaw being taken prisoner. Hand's losses were one captain killed and one man drowned. This action, by reason of the results, was referred to as the "Squaw Campaign." In May of 1778, General Hand was succeeded as Commander of the Western Department by Continental Brigadier General Lachlin McIntosh, who arrived with a small force from the Continental Line. At about this time, due to the many attacks by Indians on the frontier, both Pennsylvania and Virginia took measures to raise forces for the protection of their communities. The Continental Congress had also become aware of the problems on the frontier and authorized an expedition to be led by General McIntosh to attack and capture the British post at Detroit. In obedience to his orders, McIntosh moved down the Ohio River with a force comprised of his small detachment of Continental soldiers, a battalion of Virginians, and several companies from Pennsylvania. They disembarked at the Beaver River and erected Fort McIntosh; however, by the time the fort was completed the expedition against Detroit was abandoned for lack of funds. McIntosh's orders were then modified, allowing him to carry out attacks against the Wyandot towns on the upper Sandusky River at his discretion. Leaving a small number of men to garrison the fort, McIntosh proceeded only as far as the Muskingum River, where he again halted and erected another defensive stockade that he named Fort Laurens and suspended further operation for the season. Departing Fort Laurens in November or December, he left one hundred and fifty men to garrison the fort with Colonel John Gibson in command. Gibson had succeeded Colonel William Crawford as commander of the Seventh Virginia. Therefore, it is likely the men left behind to garrison the fort were from this unit. In January 1779, the fort came under siege by a force of eight hundred and fifty Indians. After six weeks and following extensive negotiations, the siege was lifted, leaving Gibson with fourteen fatalities, two taken prisoner, and a large number of sick men . On believing the Indians had ceased hostilities, Gibson ordered Colonel Clarke (not the above General Roger Clarke) with fifteen men to escort the invalids to Fort McIntosh.
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They were ambushed by the Indians and all were killed or taken prisoner except Clarke and three others. During the siege, Colonel Gibson sent word to McIntosh that unless he promptly received reinforcements, he would be forced to surrender. Messengers were immediately dispatched to the settlers in the region of the Monongahela requesting aid and provisions. They quickly responded with volunteers for a relief expedition, provisions, and pack horses to move the supplies. With a new force of seven hundred men, McIntosh departed Fort Pitt, arriving at Fort Laurens a few days after the Indians had departed, which would have been about the middle of February 1779. McIntosh then departed Fort Laurens for Fort Pitt, leaving a new garrison of men under the command of Major Frederick Vernon. By spring, both Fort McIntosh and Fort Laurens were abandoned. The troops utilized in this series of operations under the command of General McIntosh, with the exception of the small Continental force, were, in Boyd Crumrine words, "... made up almost exclusively of men from the country between the Laurel Hill and the Ohio River, the territory which afterwards became Washington County furnishing its full share ." In 1779, General McIntosh was replaced by Colonel Daniel Brodhead. His orders provided him with discretionary powers to order out the militia of the western counties through their county lieutenants. Early in 1780, between forty and fifty men, women, and children were killed or captured in the regions west of the Monongahela River. Colonel Brodhead attempted to organize troops for an expedition to carry the attack to the Indians. He ordered Colonel Joseph Beelor [County Lieutenant for then Yohogania County, Virginia] to draft men who lived in the region that later became Washington County, Pennsylvania; but Brodhead had problems procuring provisions and the draft of men was stopped May 20, 1780 and the expedition was abandoned f or lack of supplies. Most of these problems throughout 1780 were the result of the boundary dispute and uncertainty as to which state had jurisdiction over the region. When the Delaware Indians became hostile late in the year — Brodhead was able to finally launch an expedition in the spring of 1781 . According to Crumrine: " Being unable to obtain any troops by draft from the militia of Westmoreland, he (Brodhead) called for volunteers, and the call was responded to, principally by men from the territory of the newly-erected (though not organized) county of Washington ." Three hundred men answered the call, of which about half were volunteers. They mustered at Wheeling (Fort Henry) and began a march to the Muskingum River, arriving at a place near present day Coshocton, Ohio on April 19, 1781. After attacking and destroying several Delaware villages, Brodhead returned to Fort Pitt, arriving before or about May 22, 1781. At about this time, Washington County was created and was officially declared to be within the jurisdiction of Pennsylvania. ______ Bibliography - The Revolutionary War Years • History of Washington County, Pennsylvania with biographical sketches of many of its pioneers and prominent men , Edited by Boyd Crumrine. Published in Philadelphia by L.H. Everts and Co., 1882. Pages 74 thru 94.
Stark Brothers Participation In Revolutionary War The above historical account summarizes many of the military organizations formed in Washington County from 1775 to 1781, and describes several campaigns. The Stark brothers were probably not members of the Continental Line detachments originating from Pennsylvania or Virginia during these years. Boyd Crumrine (page 85) summarized these years: " Other than the military organizations which have already been mentioned, viz.: the Eight Pennsylvania Regiment, the company which joined Miles' Rifles, the Seventh and Thirteenth Virginia Battalions, and the detachment of Westmoreland militia, no other troops were raised in the Monongahela country for regular service in the Revolutionary armies, though many were afterwards raised for the various Indiana campaigns and expeditions. From that time forward to the close of the war the able-bodied men west of the Monongahela were kept constantly on guard, if not on actual duty , against Indian incursions and massacre along the frontier; and it could not be expected that they would leave their families and homes defenseless to serve in the armies operating hundreds of miles away across the mountains ." This assessment would most likely apply to the Stark brothers. Much of their duty probably consisted of garrison duty in small companies of about 50 men or less, probably manning forts and blockhouses. The companies participating in this garrison duty were probably rotated on a regular schedule. The publication entitled Pennsylvania Archives,", 3rd Series, Volume 23 , has a list of " Rangers of the Frontier ” who were paid for active service between the years 1777 to 1783. On page 214 will be found George Sharp and Francis Vinyard. On page 215 will be found Christopher Stark, Captain Abner Howell, Daniel Stark, John Vinyard, and Thomas Vineyard. On page 216 will be found Captain Abner Howell, Daniel Starks, James Vinyard, Captain Abner Howell (appearing twice on this page), John Vinyard, Thomas Vinyard, Daniel Starks (appearing twice on this page), and James Vinyard (appearing twice on this page). On page 217 will be found James Stark, Captain Abner Howell, and James Stark (appearing twice on this page). Therefore, men from the Stark, Howell, and Vineyard families appear to have served between 1777 and 1783, although the precise times of service is not known from this publication. In the Pennsylvania Archives," 6 th Series, Volume 2 , will be found additional entries for these surnames. Page 118 begins the Class Roll of Captain Abner Howell's Company. On page 119, Daniel Stark was listed as 2 nd Sergeant; Francis Venin (probably Vineyard) and Christopher were on the 1 st Class Roll; on the 2 nd Class Roll was John Venard (probably Vineyard); on the 4 th Class Roll was Elisha Lacock. On page 120, William Venerd (probably Vineyard) was on the 5 th Class Roll; on the 7 th Class Roll was John Stark and Joseph Stark; and on the 8 th Class Roll was James Veneard (probably Vineyard) and Isaac Lacock.
29 Volume 4: The Kentucky Branches; Descendants of Jonathan Stark & Sarah Lacock Chapter 1: The Kentucky Stark Brothers; Sons of Jonathan Stark of Sussex County, New Jersey?
On page 186, dated June 10, 1782, will be found " Johnathan " Starks listed under "A Return of the 6 th , 7 th & 8 th Classes of Captain Cravens Company of the 5 th Battalion of Washington County Militia." On page 244 is a list of Washington County, Pennsylvania militia serving from 1782 to 1785; the battalion names not stated. In Captain Abner Howell's company were Thomas Venard (probably Vineyard), Daniel Stark and James Stark. On page 251, Christopher Starks is listed on the roster of Captain George Sharp's Company. Combined, these military records suggest the Stark brothers may have been members of the Rangers and Militia from 1777 to 1785 and most likely both volumes of the Pennsylvania Archives are reporting the same active duty up to 1783. Captain Abner Howell's Company may have participated in Colonel Brodhead's expedition up the Muskingum River April 19, 1781, to May 22, 1781. On page 219 of the Pennsylvania Archives, 6 th Series, Volume 2 , is the beginning of a list titled " Roll of the Militia of Washington County - Officer list with dates of when service was performed ." Howell's militia company was on active duty from April 8, 1781, to May 10, 1781. The company was again active from May 13, 1781 to June 13, 1781. These periods of active duty, which appear to be continuous accept for two days between May 10 th and May 13 th , are within the time window of Brodhead's expedition up the Muskingum River. Howell's company was again on active duty from July 25 th to August 25 th of 1781. The company was again active from August 27 th to October 1 st of 1781. Accept for one day between August 25 th and August 27 th , these periods of active duty appear to be continuous and fall within the time window of two planned excursions into the Indian country. The first was conducted by General George Clarke and the second, planned during approximately the same time frame, was ordered by Colonel Brodhead. August 4 th , General Clarke's main body of troops and supplies gathered at Fort Henry (Wheeling) after considerable difficulty due to the boundary dispute. The campaign was supported primarily by Virginia, but conflicts of command and jurisdiction had delayed the campaign by about three months. Meanwhile, Colonel Brodhead was collecting a force at the same time which was competing for supplies and men. General Clarke's objectives were to attack the Indian towns on the Sandusky River and capture or destroy Detroit. From the start, the expedition was plagued with desertions and further hindered by a failed rendezvous with a trailing Westmoreland County detachment under the command of Colonel Lochry. By the end of August, General Clarke abandoned the enterprise at the Falls on the Ohio (near Present day Louisville, Kentucky). The men of his command then had to made there way back to their homes, encountering many perils and hardships along the way, the journey for some taking two months. Colonel Lochry's force had proceeded down the Ohio as far as the mouth of the Miami River by August 24 th . After an engagement with about three hundred Indians, Colonel Lochry was forced to surrender, this being the reason he was unable to rendezvous with General Clarke. Forty-two of Lochry’s men had been killed before he surrendered the remaining sixty-four men.[1] Abner Howell's Company probably was not a part of General Clarke's command and most likely the active duty reported from July 25 th to October 1 st was related to Colonel Brodhead's aborted attempt to send a force down the Ohio River. Some of the Stark brothers may have been active in other expeditions mentioned in the above historical account, but without records of confirmation, their participation cannot be ascertained with certainty.
Stark Brothers - Residents of Washington County, Pennsylvania September 27, 1785, there was a deed description filed which reported Reverend William Wood had 349 acres on Sugar Camp Run near Pigeon Creek which bordered the land of James Innis and was adjacent to the property of James Stark whose property bordered the land of Noah Williams.[2] At the time, this land was within the bounds of Fallowfield Township. The 1783 Washington County Tax list reports James Stark owned 140 acres in Fallowfield Township. Also on the Fallowfield Township list were Daniel Stark and Jonathan Stark, neither owning land.[3] If this property owned by James was the same land described in the property description, then his land shared a border with the property of William Woods, the same 349 acres surveyed June 8, 1780 and presented in a survey map produced for the Virginia Settlement (certified by Colonel William Crawford, County Surveyor for Yohogania County) [See Figure 7].[4] This survey map records Sugar Camp Run as a border of the Wood property to the west and south while Innis Run bordered the property to the west. To the north and northwest, the 349 acres was bordered by the property of James Innis. From the description given, the property of James Stark was apparently adjacent to Sugar Camp Run and the property of Noah Williams. ______ 1) History of Washington County, Pennsylvania with biographical sketches of many of its pioneers and prominent men , Edited by Boyd Crumrine. Published in Philadelphia by L.H. Everts and Co., 1882. Pages 99 thru 101. 2) Raymond Martin Bell, MF# 6104746, Early Records of Washington Co., Pennsylvania . Part 8 Yohogania Grants in Pennsylvania. Quote " Sep 27; William Woods [James' brother-in-law married to his sister, Sarah Stark], 349a, Sugar Camp run, near Pigeon creek. James Innes, 637a, Sugar Camp run adj James Stark, Noah Williams ." 3) Katherine K. Zinsser and Raymond M. Bell, The 1783 Tax Lists and the 1790 Federal Census for Washington County, Pennsylvania (Bowie, Md, Heritage Books, 1988) p. 16&48. 4) History of Washington County, Pennsylvania with biographical sketches of many of its pioneers and prominent men , Edited by Boyd Crumrine. Illustrated. Philadelphia L.H. Everts and Co., 1882. Page 192 & 193, Illustration.
30 Volume 4: The Kentucky Branches; Descendants of Jonathan Stark & Sarah Lacock Chapter 1: The Kentucky Stark Brothers; Sons of Jonathan Stark of Sussex County, New Jersey?
Figure 7: 1780 Survey Map Sugar Camp Run Source: History of Washington County, Pennsylvania: with biographical sketches of many of its pioneers and prominent men , Edited by Boyd Crumrine. Illustrated. Philadelphia: L.H. Everts and Co., 1882. Page 192 & 193, Illustration.
31 Volume 4: The Kentucky Branches; Descendants of Jonathan Stark & Sarah Lacock Chapter 1: The Kentucky Stark Brothers; Sons of Jonathan Stark of Sussex County, New Jersey?
The following men with the surname Stark were reported in the 1783 Washington County Tax List:[1]
• Amwell Township : Stark, Joseph, 240 acres, 2 horses, 2 cows / Stark, John, no land, 2 horses, 2 cows, 6 sheep. • Fallowfield Township : Stark, James, 140 acres, 2 horses, 3 cows, 4 sheep / Stark, Jonathan, no land, 1 horse, 2 cows / Stark, Daniel, no land, 2 horses, 2 cows, 3 sheep / Stark, Christopher, no land, 3 horses, 3 cows.
The following men and their relationship to the Stark brothers were reported on the same tax list:[1]
Amwell Township : • Lacock, Joseph, 140 acres, 2 horses, 2 cows, 7 sheep / Uncle who was brother of Sarah (Lacock) Stark[2] • Lacock, Isaac, no land, 1 horse / Single / Cousin who was son of Joseph Lacock.[3] • Lacock, Elisha, 100 acres, 2 horses, 2 cows, 1 sheep / Cousin who was son of Joseph Lacock.[3] • Lacock, William, 125 acres, 4 horses, 5 cows, 16 sheep / Uncle who was brother of Sarah (Lacock) Stark.[2] • Vineyard, Stephen, no land, 2 horses, 1 cow / Brother-in-law of Christopher Stark.[4] • Vineyard, Thomas, no land, 1 horse / Brother-in-law of Christopher Stark.[4] • Vineyard, William, 100 acres, 1 horse, 2 cow / Brother-in-law of Christopher Stark.[4] • Vineyard, John, 150 acres, 3 horses, 8 cows, 17 sheep / Brother-in-law of Christopher Stark.[4] • Vineyard, James / Single / Brother-in-law of Christopher Stark.[4] • Vineyard, Francis / Single / Brother-in-law of Christopher Stark.[4]
Fallowfield Township : • Wood, William, No land, 3 horses, 6 cows, 8 sheep / Brother-in-law married to sister, Sarah Stark.
The tax list suggests Jonathan [the younger], Daniel, and Christopher Stark were living in Fallowfield Township, most likely near or with William Wood and their brother James Stark. However, Somerset Township was created April 3, 1782, from parts of Fallowfield, Nottingham, Strabane, and Bethlehem. The Washington County Somerset Township Warrantee Map in the Pennsylvania Archives places William Wood's property within this township with its eastern boundary on the line between Somerset and Fallowfield Townships. The above suggested location [see Figure 7] of the James Stark property became part of the Robert Morrison patent issued September 14, 1789 [Series P, Vol. 15, p. 130]. John Baldwin was issued a patent January 9, 1788 for the William Wood property [Series P, Vol. 11, p. 538]. Residents of Amwell Township were Joseph and John Stark, most likely living together. Although the location of the Joseph Stark property in Amwell Township is not known with certainty, they could have been living near the Lacock families. The 1783 tax list provides the best documented evidence of the place of residence in 1783 of the men with the surname Stark and suggests their probable place of residence prior to that year. In 1786, James Stark, Jonathan Stark, Daniel Stark, Christopher Stark, Joseph Stark, and John Stark were reported on the Nelson County, Virginia (later became Kentucky) tax list.[5] Reverend William Wood moved his family from Pennsylvania (departing from Devore's Ferry on the Monongahela River, about halfway between Redstone and Pittsburgh), down the Ohio River, landing at Limestone, Fayette County, Virginia (later Kentucky), around noon on December 31, 1784. The Limestone Baptist Church, with the Reverend William Wood as minister, was organized early in 1785. The charter members were William Wood, Sarah Wood, James Turner, John Smith, Luther Colvin, Priscilla Colvin, Charles Tucker, Sarah Tucker and Sarah Stark.[6] Charter member Sarah (Lacock) Stark was the mother of Sarah (Stark) Wood. Other members of this Church had been residents of Washington County — some living near Pigeon Creek . ______ 1) Raymond Martin Bell, Washington County, Pennsylvania Tax Records 1783 . Paper by this title stamped R. M. Bell, 1506 1st Ave. N. Apt. 3, Coralville, IA, 52241-1125. 2) Calendar of New Jersey Wills, Vol. III, 1751-1760. Ancestry.com. Calendar of New Jersey Wills, 1670-1760. [database online] Provo, UT Ancestry.com, 2000. 3) The Lacock Family of Washington County, Pennsylvania , by Raymond Martin Bell & Irene Putnum Lignian, Washington, Pennsylvania, 1986. 4) Letter from Walter O. Shriner addressed to Mrs. Lynn Vineyard, Wharton, Texas. Signed Walter O. Shriner, Terre Haute, Indiana. Dated March 12, 1971. Quote: " The 6 sons of Francis Vineyard were: (1) John, born not later than 1745), (2) Francis, (3) Stephen, (4) Thomas, (5) William, and (6) James, undoubtedly the youngest. There were at least two daughters (1) Martha, who married Christopher Stark, and (2) Sarah, who married John Clevenger ." 5) URL: 44)http//ftp.rootsweb.com/pub/usgenweb/ky/nelson/taxlists/taxes/nelson1.txt. TAXLIST Nelson County Tithes 1785- 1791, Nelson County, Kentucky. Transcribed by Mary Yoder, [email protected]; Date 11 Oct 2000. 6) Unpublished Lyman C. Draper Manuscript notes, Series 8BB. These notes provide interviews and letters by Christopher Stark Wood, John G. Wood and the sons of their brother William, and other relatives. Contributed by Debbie Nordyke File, [email protected]
32 Volume 4: The Kentucky Branches; Descendants of Jonathan Stark & Sarah Lacock Chapter 1: The Kentucky Stark Brothers; Sons of Jonathan Stark of Sussex County, New Jersey?
The move to Nelson County probably was prompted by events related to settlement of the boundary dispute. Claims of land ownership in Washington County came from warrants issued by Pennsylvania in 1769 thru 1776. Conflicting with these claims were certificates issued by the Virginia authorities in 1779 and 1780 to per sons — thinking they were living within the jurisdiction of Virginia — had made bona fide settlements (a corn crop or one year's residence) before January 1, 1778. William Wood's property was one of many surveys conducted by Yohogania County, Virginia related to these certificates of ownership.[1] The land office of western Pennsylvania closed December 2, 1776 and did not reopen until July 1, 1784. At that time, Pennsylvania began issuing warrants for two types of applications; those made through regular Pennsylvania channels; and those made by virtue of the Virginia certificates. By 1785, most persons seemed satisfied for they now knew which state had jurisdiction.[1] However, one must presume not all of the property claims were settled to the satisfaction of the land owners, which was probably the case for William Wood. Five months after the land office opened, William Wood departed from Washington County, bound for Kentucky, leaving in December along with many others living near Pigeon Creek who had received certificates of ownership from Virginia. One can only speculate; but there departures were probably due to the Virginia certificates not being accepted by Washington County, although the deed description of 1786 probably would have named the Wood property until a new warrant was issued. This theory would seem to be supported, for there are no land records in Washington County reporting William Wood, James Stark, or Joseph Stark sold the property reported in the 1783 tax list. If many of the Virginia certificates were nullified, then it would seem probable this was also true for James and Joseph Stark. The area which later became the state of Kentucky in 1792 was within the jurisdiction of Virginia in 1785 and the families probably moved to that region to claim land grants they had lost in Pennsylvania as a result of the boundary dispute settlement.
Summary of Chapter 1 In 1783, the Supply Tax List for Washington County, Pennsylvania reported six men with the surname Stark. Living in Fallowfield Township was James Stark, owning 140 acres of land. Living close by but not owning land were Daniel Stark, Christopher Stark and Jonathan Stark. Living on property sharing a border with the property of James Stark was Reverend William Woods, his 349 acres bordered by Sugar Camp Run, a tributary of Pigeon Creek. Living in Amwell Township was Joseph Stark, owning 240 acres, and John Stark, owning no property. These six men were brothers and Reverend William Woods was their brother-in-law, married to their sister, Sarah Stark. In the the year 1783, the mother of this Stark family, Sarah Lacock, was probably living with her daughter, Sarah (Stark) Woods. James Stark, Daniel Stark, and Christopher Stark participated in Dunmore's War and were paid for their efforts at Fort Pitt in October of 1775. From 1781 to 1783, all of their names were listed on the Muster and Class Rolls for Washington County after its creation in March of 1781. James, Daniel, and Christopher were reported to be members of the "Rangers of the Frontier" from 1777 to 1783, although they may have actually been serving in the Washington County militia after the county was created in 1781. All of the men named in the 1783 tax list participated in the Revolutionary War along with others with the surnames Howell, Vineyard, and Lacock. These men with the surname Stark were all born in New Jersey and were living in Sussex County from 1750 to 1765. Except for Jonathan Stark, they were residents of Loudoun County, Virginia by 1767. While Jonathan continued to remain in New Jersey until 1777, his brothers had departed from Loudoun County by 1772. They may have been living near the Monongahela River as early as 1774, near or with William Wood. We have provided Genetic evidence descendants of five of the Stark brothers of Nelson County, Kentucky were descendants of Aaron Stark [1608-1685] of Groton, New London County, Connecticut. Based on the above presented material — we can say with confidence — they were sons of Jonathan Stark and Sarah Lacock of Sussex County, New Jersey; grandsons of William Stark (Junior) and Experience Lamb; great-gransons of William Stark (Senior); and great-great-grandsons of Aaron Stark of Groton, New London County, Connecticut. ______ 1) URL: http://www.savory.org/chartiers/raybell/1997-boundry.html. The Pennsylvania-Virginia Boundary Controversy , by Raymond M. Bell. Published July 1997.
33 Part 1: Sons of Jonathan Stark; Where They Lived from 1760 to 1810 Chapter 2: The Kentucky Years – A Narrative
Left / Figure 1 The location of the Tithable District of James Rogers in 1785. This map shows Nelson County after it was divided to create Bullitt County. Before this division, The Salt River, running through the middle of Bullitt County would have been part of the northern boundary of Nelson County in 1785.
Below / Figure 2 Present day map of the region near Bardstown showing James Rogers Tithable district boundary ( and location of Rogers Station). Shaded region approximate area where the Brothers lived from 1785 to 1792. Rogers Station was located west of Bardstown at the present day junction of US Highway 62 and Ben Irvin Road.
34 Part 1: Sons of Jonathan Stark; Where They Lived from 1760 to 1810 Chapter 2: The Kentucky Years – A Narrative
Chapter 2 The Kentucky Years – A Narrative
Introduction David Hall wrote the following in an article entitled Rogers Station Grew from Early Land Dea l. [Published in The Kentucky Standard, April 17, 1985.]
"William BARD put together one of the earliest real estate deals in what is now Nelson County. In 1779, probably the summer months, Bard led a party out from the Falls of the Ohio to view some improvements grouped around the Buffalo Creek area. He was offering these land claims for sale. Among the group was Col. James Rogers .... In the spring of 1780 Col. James Rogers took permanent possession of the preemption west of Buffalo Creek, a part of that area then called Bard’s Flat. Rogers Station rose in the wilderness and quickly provided temporary shelter for many settlers pouring into Nelson ... The original Rogers Station, with a picket wall and tiny cabins within, stood somewhere near the junction of Hwy 62 and Ben Irvine Road west of Bardstown ... The hewn log house on the Murphy farm (torn down in 1959) was too large and sophisticated to be the original Station but was probably built by one of the Rogers in the later 1780's when Indians were still a threat. It may well have been on the site of the first Fort enclosure. Desirable land all about it gave Rogers Station instant importance. Areas such as Bard’s Flat just opened up by building of a Station attracted land hungry settlers with warrants to fill. The family man left wife and children protected at the Station while going miles distant to survey and locate land claims ... Some families lived in Stations for several years before chancing lonely cabins far removed from the support of friends."
James Rogers was one of the 1 st magistrates and tallied a tithable list of residents in his district in 1785 described as " on all the waters north of the Rolling and Beech Forks up to the mouth of Buffalo Creek and its waters. Total 126 ." (See Figure 1) Reported on the James Rogers List were James Stark and his son William Stark, about 15 years of age. James and his family were recent arrivals in the region, temporarily locating at Roger's Station for protection from Indian attacks. [The region and location of Rogers Station is shown in Figure 2.] The present State of Kentucky was under the jurisdiction of the State of Virginia during these years. In an effort to better organize the region, Nelson County was created and officially began operation as a County on January 1, 1785. Joseph Stark and John Stark were reported on the Nelson County tithable list of David Cox in 1785. Joseph was on line 39 of the list and John was on line 40 indicating they were living close together or on the same property. John Stark, about 30 years old in 1785 and newly married with two small children, was the younger brother of Joseph. David Cox's District was described as " on all the waters of Cox's Creek, Simpton Creek Easterly to the County Line northerly of Chaplins Fork ." This provides a clue to where they may have been living. "Simpton Creek "was present day Simpson Creek, a tributary of the Salt River lying to the east of Cox's Creek. James Rogers district ran north from the Buffalo Creek junction with Beech Fork to the junction forming the "Y" in present day Sympson Lake. (See Figure 2) Being on the tithable list of David Cox suggests Joseph and John were living east of Buffalo Creek and north of Bardstown. Deed records report they were probably living on or near either Cox Creek, Froman Creek (a tributary of Cox Creek), or Rogers Run (probably named Samuel’s Creek on today's maps). Jonathan Stark [the younger] was reported on the Nelson County tithable list of Thomas Helms in 1785. His district, as best as can be understood, was south of Rolling Fork and Beech Fork, the probable location near present day Elizabethtown. (See Figure 1) Christopher Stark and Daniel Stark were not reported on the tithable list in Kentucky in 1785 and remained in Washington County, Pennsylvania with their families. James had moved from Rogers Station by the time the tithable list was compiled in 1786; for he and his son William were on the tithable list of David Cox in 1786. David Cox's district in 1786 was described as " from where the County road crossed Salt River on the north side of said road including all the waters of Cox’s Creek ." Therefore, James was living somewhere north of the County Road, east of or on Cox's Creek and south of the Salt River. John, James, and Joseph were all reported living next to each other on this list and living with or near them was Christopher Stark. They may have all been living on the same property where John and Joseph were recorded in 1785, being a large enough family group to provide each other with mutual protection against Indian attacks. In 1787, all of the brothers were reported living in Nelson County for Daniel Stark and his son, Jonathan D. Stark were reported on the tithable list of James Rogers. James and Christopher were on the tithable list of David Cox, his district approximately in the same location as the previous years, probably northern Nelson County and the southern part of present day Spencer County. Apparently, Joseph had moved further south, most likely down Froman Creek towards Bardstown. He appears on the 1787 tithable list of Gabriel Cox, his district located immediately north of Bardstown.
35 Part 1: Sons of Jonathan Stark; Where They Lived from 1760 to 1810 Chapter 2: The Kentucky Years – A Narrative
Why Did The Brothers Move From Pennsylvania to Kentucky? Many families living in Washington County, Pennsylvania who had been Virginia adherents during the boundary dispute years, migrated to the tributaries of the Salt River (located south of present day Louisville, Kentucky). There could have been many motivations for this migration. However, the following were the most likely reasons the Stark Families and many of their Pennsylvania neighbors moved to Kentucky.
• Many moved because their Virginia Certificates, issued under the authority of Virginia from 1779 to 1782, were probably not recognized by the Washington County, Pennsylvania courts or land office (which opened July 1, 1784). Because no record of sale of the properties of James, Joseph, or William Wood, have been found, this would could have been the reason the Stark families moved. • In 1782, the Washington County Court issued criminal indictments against several individuals for assault and battery. These men, on the authority of the Virginia officials acting within the boundary of Pennsylvania, used violence to forcibly draft men for service in General George Rogers Clark’s expedition down the Ohio in 1781. These men were acquitted of these charges in 1782, primarily because the Virginia adherents were in the majority at the time the court met. By 1784, the Virginian majority began to weaken and these same men could have feared they may be prosecuted again by the Pennsylvania courts. There is a remote possibility some of the Stark men participated but the charges were brought against higher ranked men in the Militia. • Others may have simply been taking advantage of the Virginia Certificates of Settlement and Preemption warrants being issued on the tributaries of the Salt River from 1779 to 1792; while others moved to take advantage of newly passed resolutions by the Continental Congress in 1784 and 1785 that created the Northwest Territory and new opportunities to become landowners. This could have been a reason for the Stark families to move, especially if they were denied ownership of their Pennsylvania properties. • Washington County was within the jurisdiction of Pennsylvania (officially on September 23, 1780). On March 1, 1780, the Pennsylvania General Assembly passed an act which provided for the gradual abolition of slavery within its boundaries. Because many Virginians owned slaves, they probably removed from Washington County to take up residence within the jurisdiction of Virginia where the institution of slavery would continue. No evidence has been found the Stark brothers were slave owners. Quite to the contrary, as we will see, they were active emancipationist in Kentucky.
For whatever reason, many of the Stark brothers Pennsylvania neighbors moved to Nelson County after 1784 and the brothers joined this exodus from Washington County. Why would the Pennsylvania authorities not recognize the Virginia Certificates?
The Virginia Certificates in Washington County, Pennsylvania In May of 1779, Commissioners appointed by Virginia and Pennsylvania began meeting in Baltimore to resolve the boundary dispute. In that same month, the Virginia Assembly appointed " land-title commissioners " for the purpose of adjusting and settling titles of claimants to un-patented lands in the counties of Yohogania, Monongalia, and Ohio. The commissioners were given the authority to grant certificates to claimants after hearing proof of settlement within the disputed regions. August 31, 1779, the Baltimore commissioners signed an agreement which extended the Mason and Dixon line due west from its ending point by five degrees of longitude as computed from the Delaware River, which moved the southern boundary of Pennsylvania about 23 miles further west. From the western extension of this Mason-Dixon line, a meridian was drawn due north which was to be the western boundary of Pennsylvania. This agreement brought into existence the south and west boundaries of the region that would become Washington County in March of 1781. On November 19, 1779, the Supreme Executive Council and the Assembly of Pennsylvania: “ Resolved, unanimously, That this House do ratify and finally confirm the agreement entered into between the commissioners from the State of Virginia and the commissioners from this State, which agreement is in the following words [quoting the agreement of August 31, 1779.]" However, Virginia did not act on the commissioners' recommendations until the summer of 1780 and during the intervening time continued to exercise her authority over the Washington County region. The Virgina "land-title commissioners" arrived in Yohogania, Monongalia, and Ohio counties in November of 1779 and began granting Virginia Certificates — allowing the claimed property to be surveyed . By issuing these certificates, the seeds of discontent were being sowed for later litigation as everyone within the region awaited Virginia's acceptance of the Baltimore commissioners agreement. November 29, 1779, Thomas Scott expressed his indignation regarding the certificates when he wrote to the Supreme Executive Council of Pennsylvania, of which he was a member " respecting the State of Virginia empowering commissioners to sell lands within the bounds of this State, particularly in the county of Westmoreland ." On the next day, upon receipt of this correspondence, Joseph Reed, the president of the Pennsylvania Council, requested the Pennsylvania delegates to the Continental Congress introduce a resolution suggesting neither party in the boundary dispute should disturb the possessions of any person living in the disputed region. December 27, 1779, the Continental Congress passed a resolution which requested both parties discontinue granting warrants or certificates to any part of the disputed land, or to disturb the possession of any persons living thereon, and to avoid every appearance of force until the dispute could be amicably settled. On the very next day, Joseph Reed issued a proclamation given to Thomas Scott on December 29 th which quoted the Baltimore Agreement; re-stated Pennsylvania's ratification of that decision; and stated the above reported resolution of Congress. Reed closed his proclamation by issuing orders requiring all officers, civil and military, and other subjects of Pennsylvania, pay due obedience and respect to the resolution of Congress. In a side note to Mr. Scott, who was to deliver the proclamation to the western frontier,
36 Part 1: Sons of Jonathan Stark; Where They Lived from 1760 to 1810 Chapter 2: The Kentucky Years – A Narrative
Reed wrote: " We have sent you an attested Copy of the Resolution of Congress, that you may communicate it to the Commissioners (of Virginia) if they are yet with you, and we would desire you to do it in form, demanding of them whether they will yield Obedience thereto, and transmitting to us their Answer so Authenticated that, if necessary, we may lay the same before Congress. We shall also remonstrate with the Government of Virginia ." Meanwhile, some of the Virginia "land-title commissioners" were sitting at Redstone and Fort Cox, surveying properties that would later be within the bounds of Washington County, Pennsylvania. Colonel William Crawford was the county surveyor for Yohogania County, Virginia (claiming jurisdiction over parts of Washington County) and copies of his "Record Book of Surveys" are still available for inspection. Some of the earliest entries were made in February of 1780 and the greatest number of these were located on Pigeon Creek and its tributaries. On January 20, 1780, the Virginia "land-title commissioners" received Joseph Reed's proclamation and his request the commissioners yield obedience to the Continental Congress resolution. The next day the commissioners answered in part as follows from Cox's Fort: “We do not conceive an immediate application to us (on the resolution of Congress) consistent with the rules of propriety; we rather think such applications ought to be made to the Governor of Virginia, under whose commission we act. Until that is done and we receive directions to the contrary we think ourselves obliged to continue to act under our commission .” After many resolutions and belligerent declarations, issuance of Virginia certificates were halted. However,these certificates would later be challenged by the Washington County, Pennsylvania Courts. This would have included the certificate of William Wood (granted June 8, 1780) and those of many of his neighbors. September 23, 1780, the General Assembly of Pennsylvania grudgingly ratified the Virginia boundary agreement; and yet, Virginia continued to issue certificates as late as June 3, 1782 in Washington County. Based on the above, once the Pennsylvania Land Office opened on July 1, 1784, it is quite probable many of these certificates issued from November of 1779 to June of 1782 were challenged and rejected. Claims of James Stark and Joseph Stark (not documented to have had Virginia Certificates recorded) could have been rejected because of a prior claim as stated in the conditions set forth in Virginia's resolution accepting the Baltimore Agreement. Crumrine's History of Washington County , on page 237, provides evidence of the land title complications created by the conditions set by Virginia:
"In the first year of the court's (Washington County Court) existence there were two hundred and eighty-five causes, of which fifty-seven were contentions about land titles. The great source of these contentions, it will readily be surmised, was the conditions attached by Virginia, on June 23, 1780, to her ratification of the Baltimore agreement of Aug. 31, 1779 ... " On Condition that the private property and rights of all persons acquired under, founded on, or recognized by the laws of either Country previous to the date hereof, be saved and confirmed to them ... and that in the decision of disputes thereupon preference shall be given to the elder or prior right whichever of the said states the same shall have been acquired under ..."]... Hence it followed that to determine which was the prior right, acquired under one State or the other, a suit at law was necessarily unavoidable, and the Virginia jurisdiction having been terminated the land-title contentions were left to be decided in the Pennsylvania courts, the greater part of them in Washington County."
The Virginia Certificates of the Stark men and their neighbors were nullified by the courts. Opportunity to obtain new lands in Kentucky under the authority of Virginia would seem to a logical reason for these families to leave Washington County. ______ Bibliography - Virginia Certificates in Washington County, Pennsylvania • Boyd Crumrine, History of Washington County, Pennsylvania with Biographical Sketches of many of its Pioneers and Prominent Men , Philadelphia L. H. Everts and Co., 1882, pages 192 thru 195.
Virginia Certificates on the Tributaries of the Salt River Under the Virginia Land Law passed in May of 1779, residents of the Kentucky District [created December 1, 1776] could purchase Certificates of Settlement and Preemption Warrants if they met certain residency requirements. Persons in Kentucky County prior to January 1, 1778, who had made an improvement and planted a crop of corn, were eligible for 400 acre Certificates of Settlement for the land they had improved. They could purchase an additional 1000 acres, adjoining the Settlement tract, under a Preemption Warrant. Anyone in Kentucky County, Virginia, after January 1, 1778 and before May 1779 (when the Land Law was written) were eligible for a 400 acre Preemption Warrant for the tract on which they had made an improvement and planted a corn crop. A Land Commission was appointed to hear testimony from Kentucky County residents and their witnesses; the Commission then decided who qualified for 400 acre warrants and / or 400 and 1000 acre Preemption warrants. The Commission conducted their hearings in Harrodsburg, St. Asaph (Logan's Fort), Boonesborough, Bryants Station (near Lexington), and the Falls of Ohio (Louisville). The Salt River and its tributaries were within the Kentucky District until it was abolished June 30, 1780 and divided into Fayette, Jefferson and Lincoln counties. Jefferson County, created on this date, now had the Salt River and its tributaries within its jurisdiction after the effective date of it's existence on November 1, 1780. Nelson County was created October 1, 1784 from Jefferson County and the effective date of the new County's existence was January 1, 1785.
37 Part 1: Sons of Jonathan Stark; Where They Lived from 1760 to 1810 Chapter 2: The Kentucky Years – A Narrative
From the text of the act creating Nelson County: " BE it enacted by the General Assembly, That from and after the first day of January next, the county of Jefferson shall be divided into distinct counties by Salt River; and that part of the said county lying south of the said river shall be called and known by the name of Nelson, and all the residue of the said county shall retain the name of Jefferson ." Therefore, all of the southern tributaries of the Salt River were within the jurisdiction of Nelson County beginning January 1, 1785. Among those receiving Virginia Certificates before November 1, 1780 were David Cox, Isaac Cox, Thomas Bullitt, James Rogers, Paul Froman and many others. All had certificates granted by the District of Kentucky. Isaac Cox and his brothers are of particular interest for they were all brothers of Gabriel Cox. All had lived in the region which became Washington County, Pennsylvania. Cox's Station was founded by Isaac Cox in April of 1780, which was located in Nelson County north of Bardstown on the middle branch of Cox Creek, just east of the present day community of Cox Creek. Isaac Cox, with his brothers, Gabriel and David, grew to manhood in what is now Hampshire County, West Virginia. In 1775, Isaac married Mary Enoch in Hampshire County and then moved with his new bride northeast to the Monongahela River country where other members of the Cox and Enoch clans had moved several years earlier. During the boundary dispute between Pennsylvania and Virginia, the Cox Clan had bitterly resisted the inclusion of the region within the jurisdiction of Pennsylvania. Isaac Cox received his Kentucky County preemption warrant certificate April 26, 1780; stating he had erected improvements in 1776 " lying on Cox Creek that empties into the Town fork of Salt River and about four miles from the Rolling fork of Salt River ." The warrant for this certificate was required to be entered with the county surveyor on or before the 26 th of June 1780. On June 29 th , 1780, Isaac Cox paid 400 pounds to the Common Wealth of Virginia. The receipt stated: " We the Publick Auditors of the Commonwealth of Virginia, do certify that Isaac Cox hath delivered to us the Treafurer's Receipt for Four hundred Pounds paid into the Treafury of Virginia, and that he the faid Isaac Cox his Heirs or Affigns, are entitled to One Thousand Acres of Wafte or unappropriated Lands within this Commonwealth, purfuant to an Act entitled 'An Act for eftablifhing a Land Office, and Afcertaining the Terms and Manner of granting wafte and unappropriated Lands.' - Given under our hands this twenty ninth day of June 1780 ." The property was surveyed March 28, 1781 and on June 1, 1782, Isaac Cox received his grant from Benjamin Harrison, the governor of the Virginia Commonwealth. The above is an example of the process of becoming a land owner after obtaining a certificate of settlement or preemption warrant. This was the case for all of the properties along the tributaries of the Salt River which suggests all of this land was initially granted to the assignees by the Commonwealth of Virginia. No Revolutionary War warrants appear to have been issued in this region for it was most likely outside the acreage set aside for the Virginia Revolutionary War soldiers, located further west. None of these properties appear to have been granted to potential buyers by land speculators like the Transylvania Land Company, although the region would have been within the boundaries of Transylvania, purchased from the Cherokee Indians March 17, 1775. The purchase of the Transylvania Land Company was later declared null and void by the legislature of Virginia and in 1795, the Henderson Company investors were awarded 200,000 acres lying at the mouth of the Green River as compensation for money and other things which were given to the Indians when the initial purchase was made. For all practical purposes, the Virginia Commonwealth assumed control of the property purchased by the Transylvania Land Company and allocated land according to the above certificates of settlement and preemption warrants. The Land Ordinance of 1785, passed by the Continental Congress May 20, 1785, established the Northwest Territory, all of which lay to the north of the Ohio River and most likely had little if any impact on the allocation of properties on the tributaries of the Salt River. Virginia continued to issue certificates of settlement and preemption in the region until 1792, the year Kentucky achieved Statehood. ______ Bibliography - Virginia Certificates on the Tributaries of the Salt River • URL:
38 Part 1: Sons of Jonathan Stark; Where They Lived from 1760 to 1810 Chapter 2: The Kentucky Years – A Narrative
Enacted by the Confederation Congress on July 13, 1787, the Northwest Ordinance established the basic framework of the American territorial system and established the boundaries of a region known as the Northwest Territory. This region was eventually divided into the present States of Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, Michigan, and Wisconsin. The Ordinance allowed these subsequent divisions a measure of self-government until their populations exceeded sixty thousand; at which time they could then draft a constitution and summit an application for Statehood. Of significance to this discussion was Article VI — which prohibited Slavery in the newly formed Northwest Territory north of the Ohio River . The Southwest Ordinance was passed in 1790 and allowed Slavery south of the Ohio River. With the enactment of these Ordinances, Kentucky was allowed to become a Slave State while the eventual States of Ohio and Indiana would become “free” States. The Kentucky Baptist were of two minds on the issue of slavery — many congregations approving while others disapproved . In these early years in Kentucky, the abolition of slavery was championed by Reverend Joshua Carman and Reverend Josiah Dodge — their Churches becoming members of the Salem Baptist Association ; which included Cox Creek Baptist Church (organized in April of 1785) . As early as 1789, these two men were outspoken in their opposition to slavery. Were the Stark families sympathetic to this cause? Josiah Dodge was a member of the congregation at Severn's Valley Baptist Church and no doubt his views of slavery were influenced by his association with Joshua Carman. Dodge was a preacher at Severn's Valley, but his qualifications as a minister were questioned by that church. In 1791, Severn's Valley requested the Salem Association have him examined by competent preachers. The ministers chosen for the examination were James Garrard, William Wood, William Taylor, and Baldwin Clifton. Reverend William Wood of Mason County was the brother-in-law of the Stark brothers — married to their sister, Sarah Stark . The examination took place at Cox Creek Baptist Church. These men declared they were satisfied with Josiah Dodge's qualifications and recommended he be ordained. It was most unusual for a Church within an Association to make such a request — this request perhaps made because of the Reverend's condemnation of the institution of slavery — for Dodge was among the first Baptist ministers in Kentucky to refuse fellowship to slave owners. While living in Nelson County, the Stark Brothers were members of one or more of the Churches belonging to the Salem Association and could have been in agreement with the views of Carman and Dodge. Their brother-in-law, William Wood, had recommended Dodge be ordained in 1791, suggesting he may have believed in ownership of slaves — although there was also a shortage of qualified ministers in Kentucky at the time . From 1788 thru 1791, James, Daniel, Joseph, Christopher, and John are reported on the tithable list of Joshua Hobbs, his district described as the same general area as that of David and Gabriel Cox. Jonathan Stark [the younger] continued to live near Elizabethtown until late 1791 or early 1792, when he apparently removed to the Cox Creek region. Kentucky was declared a State June 1, 1792 and was no longer under the authority of the State of Virginia. In June, the Kentucky legislature decided to reorganize the State, creating new Counties as a result. Among those previous Counties to be divided was Nelson County and Jefferson County. Washington County was created from the eastern part of Nelson while Hardin County was created from the southern and western parts. Shelby County was created from the eastern part of Jefferson. The Salt River was the northern border of Nelson County; this border shared with both Jefferson County and Shelby County. September 1, 1792 marked the effective date Shelby County and Washington County began operation as new Counties in the new State of Kentucky. (See Figure 3) Shortly after attaining statehood, the Kentucky General Assembly approved legislation (effective July 1, 1792) establishing Permanent Revenue. Tax rates were set and under this Act, the number of commissioners within a county was determined by the legislature. The commissioners were required to make alphabetical lists; the tax documents to be distributed to the commissioners by the last day of October (annually). (Source: Littell's Statute Law of Kentucky, Vol. I, Chapter X, pgs. 63-75, pub. 1809)
<— Figure 3 •
39 Part 1: Sons of Jonathan Stark; Where They Lived from 1760 to 1810 Chapter 2: The Kentucky Years – A Narrative
James Stark was a resident of Nelson County, appearing on the Nelson County tax list of Gabriel Cox in 1792 — the list compiled in November of 1792 . Reported was James with 142 acres and one male over 21 living in the home. February 11, 1792, a bond was made in Nelson County for Jonathan J. Stark — son of James — to marry Rachel Stark (daughter of Daniel Stark). The consent of both fathers was required and a witness was Jonathan D. Stark; a brother of Rachel and son of Daniel Stark. Therefore, both of these families were still living in Nelson County as late as February of 1792. Joseph Stark, Daniel Stark, and his son Jacob appear on the 1792 tax list of Shelby County. Because all of Nelson County was south of the Salt River before and after the formation of Shelby County, these families evidently had moved to a location in Shelby County which is north of the Salt River. The 1794 Shelby County tax list of Thomas Shannon Esq. reveals Joseph Stark owned 398 acres on are near Elk Creek and a later deed reports this property had boundaries on Elk Creek and Wolf Creek — a tributary Brashears Creek with a western branch that came near Elk Creek north of Taylorsville . This may have been where Joseph and Daniel moved and, as we will see, were later joined by James, Christopher, and John. (See Figure 4.) James Stark was on the Nelson County 1793 tax list of Gabriel Cox, as was Jonathan Stark [the younger]. Christopher Stark reported he owned 150 acres and had 2 males over 21 years of age. The other male over 21 may have been his son, James Vineyard Stark. These families were still living on or near Froman Creek, a tributary of Cox Creek in 1793. A deed dated June 20, 1798, made by Christopher, reports he sold 137 acres to Adam Wells located " on Roger's Run, Froman's Branch of Cox's Creek ." Several months later, Jonathan Stark [the younger] sold 20 acres to David Wells described as on Froman Creek, a branch of Cox Creek. November 5, 1799, Joseph Stark sold 148 acres to William Burkit, described as on Rogers Run, Cox Creek. This last property adjoined the property of Adam Wells purchased in June of 1798 from Christopher Stark. "Rogers Run," — which cannot be found on a modern map — may have been the creek presently referred to as "Samuel’s Creek," a western tributary of Froman Creek. (See Figure 2 in the shaded area.) Between early 1793 and late 1794, James Stark and Christopher Stark moved from Nelson County to Shelby County. Listed on the 1794 Shelby County tax list were James, Christopher, Daniel, John, and Joseph Stark. Jonathan Stark [the younger] was reported on the Nelson County tax list Figure 4 from 1792 to 1797, indicating he continued to live Sometime between February of 1792 and November of 1792, Joseph, Daniel, and in the region of Froman Creek in Nelson County and his son, Jacob, moved within the shaded region, perhaps living between Elk Creek did not move to Shelby County. Jonathan Stark [the and Wolf Creek, a branch of Brashears Creek that passes near Yoder. This would have been within the jurisdiction of the newly formed Shelby County. Today, this younger] later sold all of his interest in Nelson region is within the boundary of present day Spencer County. (From 1999 map of County and had moved to western Kentucky by Spencer County.) 1800. His descendants would later move into Missouri, Oklahoma, Arkansas, and Texas.
40 Part 1: Sons of Jonathan Stark; Where They Lived from 1760 to 1810 Chapter 2: The Kentucky Years – A Narrative
While living in Nelson County, the Stark brothers had formed an association with Reverend Joshua Carman. This was to continue in Shelby County. In J. H. Spencer’s, A History of Kentucky Baptist , can be found these comments ( Volume 1, pages 283 & 284):
“ELK CREEK church is the oldest in Spencer county (then Shelby County) , and the oldest in Long Run Association, except Cedar Creek, at first known as Chenowiths Run. It was gathered by Joshua Morris, then pastor of Brashears Creek church in Shelby county, and was constituted of ten members, April 27, 1794. It was at first called Buck Creek and was received into Salem Association the same year it was constituted. It soon afterwards took the name of Buck & Elk -- perhaps in consequence of the removal of its location, and the constituting of another church in 1799, in an adjoining neighborhood, which took the name of Buck Creek. Salem Association met with Buck & Elk church in 1798. Joshua Carman appears to have been its first pastor . In 1803, Buck & Elk, with 23 other churches, formed Long Run Association. At that time it was the largest church in the new fraternity, except Buck Creek, and contained 149 members. In 1823, it changed its name to Elk Creek. This name is derived from a small tributary of Salt River, on which the church is located. “
Just how much influence did Reverend Carman have over the Stark Families? Elisha Stark — a son of Reverend Abraham Stark and grandson of Daniel Stark — named one of his sons Joshua Carman Stark; and Jonathan J. Stark — a son of James Stark — also named a son Joshua Carman Stark. These two children, having been named after Reverend Carman, would imply he was held in high esteem by these families and they embraced and supported his position on the issue of slavery. Now living in Shelby County between Elk Creek and Wolf Creek, the five remaining brothers would live in this region until 1799. James was on the Shelby County Tax list that year and would remain in Shelby County until he died in 1821. On June 1, 1799, Henry County began operation as a new County, created from the northern portion of Shelby County. Beginning in 1800, the following men with the surname Stark appeared on the Henry County Tax Lists.
• Joseph Stark appeared in the record from 1800 through 1807. He apparently was deceased before the tax list was compiled in 1808, for his widow, Hannah, appears on the list in 1808 and again in 1809. There son Abner, achieving the age of 21 in 1805, is recorded through 1809. Reuben Stark was of age in 1803 and is reported through the 1809. Another son, Philip appears in the record in 1809, suggesting this may have been the year he reached the 21 years of age. • Christopher Stark is recorded as a resident of Henry county from 1800 through 1808. His spouse, Martha Vinyard, was deceased probably deceased before June of 1798, having died in Shelby County. Christopher died in 1808 after the tax list was compiled; for on November 9, 1807, he passed his property to his son Benjamin and Abraham. A son, Elisha, was reported in the 1805 and 1806 census, was absent or not reported in 1807, and appears in the record again in 1808. Stephen Vinyard Stark was first reported in 1809 and doesn’t appear in the record again. • Daniel Stark was first reported as a resident of Henry County in 1800 and was on the tax list every year through 1809. His son, Abraham, appears with Daniel in the 1800 and 1801 record; is absent or not reported in 1802 and 1803; reappears in 1805; was again absent in 1803 through 1807; and was a resident again in 1808. Another son, Charles Stark, was reported as a resident in 1802, probably the year he reached the age of 21; and was reported every year after through 1809. Daniel Stark (Junior) was reported: 1800; 1801; ----; 1803; 1804; ----; ----; ----; 1808; being absent or not reported as shown. David Stark was reported: 1800; 1801; ----; 1803; 1804; 1805; 1806; 1807; 1808; 1809. Jacob Stark was reported: 1801; 1802; 1803; 1804; 1805; 1806; 1807; 1808. Jonathan D. Stark was reported: 1800; 1801; ----; 1803; 1804; ----; ----; ----; ----; ----. • John Stark was living in Henry County in 1800 and reported as a resident through 1809. His son, Benjamin, was first reported in 1803; was absent or not reported in 1804; and was reported as a resident from 1805 through 1808. • Jonathan J. Stark was a son of James Stark who moved with other family members to Henry County. He was first reported as a resident in 1800 and continued to be reported through 1806; was absent or not reported in 1807; and reappeared in 1808.
In 1800, Joseph, Daniel, Christopher, and John were reported living on the patent of John Craig, located on Floyd's Fork. A later deed further suggests all of these men were living in approximately the same location near or on Floyd's Fork.
"10 Jan 1808 Charles Lynch to Daniel Smith for $400 … land in Henry Co. on the waters of Floyds Fork 146 1/2a part of a 1350a patented to Dr. John Knight bounded as follows …corner to John Stark … with Daniel Stark's line … corner to Joseph Stark … Jno Starks corner … Signed by Chs. Lynch by Wm. Taylor atto. in fact for sd Lynch … Ack by Will Taylor attorney in fact for Charles Lynch …" [Source: 1808 Henry County, Kentucky; Deed Book 3, page 474]
The tax list clearly reveals Joseph, Christopher, Daniel, and John were residents of Henry County after October of 1799 — the last year they appeared on the Shelby County, Tax Lis t. The 1808 Deed provides proof Joseph, Daniel, and John were living in close proximity to each in that year. As we will learn, Christopher Stark was deceased before the date of this deed. Where could they have been living on Floyd's Fork? Therefore, these families — four of them being the Kentucky Stark brothers being discussed — were living in Henry County by 1800. The reminder were their male adult children. Joseph and Christopher died in Henry County, and as will be revealed later, Daniel and John were not listed in the 1810 Kentucky census.
41 Part 1: Sons of Jonathan Stark; Where They Lived from 1760 to 1810 Chapter 2: The Kentucky Years – A Narrative
Henry County was created from the northern portions of Jefferson and Shelby Counties. Floyd's Fork is a tributary of the Salt River, running through Jefferson County and Bullitt Counties today. When Henry County was created, a small portion of Floyds Fork was in the southwestern portion of Henry County, near the junction of the boundaries of the three counties. Today, this region is still within the boundary of Henry County near Smithfield. (See Figure 5) The 1810 census reported the following men with the surname Stark living in Shelby, Bullitt, and Henry Counties. There were no men with the surname Stark reported living in Nelson County.
Henry County Abner, Phillip, & Reuben, sons of Joseph and Joseph’s widow, Hannah). John (Senior) and sons Benjamin & John (Junior). David (Senior); son of Daniel. Elisha; Son of James. Stephen; Son of Christopher. [Source Citation: Year 1810; Census Place, Henry, Kentucky; Roll 6; Page 357; Image 372.00.]
Shelby County James Stark [Source Citation: Year 1810; Census Place, Shelby, Kentucky; Roll 8; Page 202; Image 192.00.]
Bullitt County Aaron, Daniel, & William; All were sons of James Stark. [Source Citation: Year 1810; Census Place, Bullitt, Kentucky; Roll 5; Page 350; Image 187.00.]
Before and after 1810, descendants of the brothers began to remove to the Indiana Territory. Why the exodus from Kentucky? By 1800, it became obvious Reverends Carman and Dodge could not bring any considerable number of Kentucky Baptist to their emancipationist view; this resulting in a Figure 5 decline in their influence within the Kentucky Southwestern Region of Henry County Today. The Stark Families were probably Baptist Associations. Both moved to Ohio living on either Floyds Fork or the Eastern Fork of Floyds Fork between 1800 and 1805, becoming ministers in the Miami Baptist Association in Greene County, Ohio — their primary reason for moving probably due to the slavery issue . Reverend William Wood continued as pastor of the Limestone Church in Mason County until in 1798 until a disagreement arose between him and one of the brethren. The pastor, refusing to make satisfactory concessions, was declared " not one of us ." Although Reverend Wood’s initial move to Green County, Ohio may have been prompted by his removal from the Limestone Church, it is also possible he moved to Ohio because of his anti-slavery sentiments. The Stark families had an association with these men over the years and may well have been Kentucky Baptist emancipationist. It is quite possible that when the anti-slavery questions were again introduced in the Baptists Associations from 1805 to 1807 — and rejected in it’s finality by those bodies — many members of these associations decided they could not live with neighbors who owned slaves; thereby moving and across the Ohio River into the Northwest Territory where by law, the institution of slavery was not permitted . Most certainly, it was at about this time the Stark families began to migrate into the Indiana Territory. Most had moved to regions north of the Ohio River by 1820 located only a distance of 25 to 50 miles from their homes in Kentucky. Let us now turn to each brother, their families, and descendants.
42 Part 1: Sons of Jonathan Stark; Where They Lived from 1760 to 1810 Chapter 2: The Kentucky Years – A Narrative
Rogers Station was located west of Bardstown at the present day junction of US Highway 62 and Ben Irvin Road. Photograph was taken by Donn Neal in May of 2008 in the approximate area where Rogers Station stood.
Cox Creek Junction with Froman Creek Most Likely Roger's Run Mentioned in the Historical Photo by Donn Neal May 2008 Records. Photo by Donn Neal May 2008.
43 Part 2: James Stark: His Life, Family, & Descendants Chapter 3: The Life & Times of James Stark
Between early 1793 and late 1794, James Stark and Christopher Stark moved from Nelson County to Shelby Count, living within the Elk Creek near the communities of Elk Creek and Normandy. shaded region, perhaps living between Elk Creek and Wolf Creek, a Photo by Donn Neal May 2008 branch of Brashears Creek that passes near Yoder. This would have been within the jurisdiction of the newly formed Shelby County. Today, this region is within the boundary of present day Spencer County. (From 1999 map of Spencer County,)
44 Part 2: James Stark: His Life, Family, & Descendants Chapter 3: The Life & Times of James Stark
Chapter 3 The Life & Times of James Stark (1739-1821)
Introduction James was born before 1739 to Jonathan Stark and Sarah Lacock, probably in Hunterdon County, New Jersey, their place of residence at that time. Because James was a witness to the 1760 Will of his grandfather, Joseph Lacock; he was probably over twenty-one years of age — this document establishing an approximate time of birth for James .[1] The Will of Joseph Lacock was made in Hardwick Township, Sussex County, New Jersey and the daughter named Sarah Lacock was probably the mother of James. Just before New Year's day of 1765, Jonathan Stark of Hardwick Township, Sussex County, New Jersey, died. On January 29, 1765, named as administrators of his estate were his widow, Sarah Stark, and son, James Stark. Named as fellow bondsman was Joseph Lacock (Junior), Sarah's brother reported in the Will of Joseph Lacock (Senior) in 1760. These two probate records suggests the persons named were the same and that James Stark was a son of Jonathan Stark and Grandson of Joseph Lacock (Senior). [2] As verified in Chapter 1, James and his brothers were found to be — genetically — descendants of Aaron Stark (1608-1685). Three participants in the Stark Family Y-DNA project were descendants of a son of James, Jonathan J. Stark (1778-1850). Two participants were direct line descendants of Moses Stark (1793-1860); while one participant was a direct line descendant of Enoch Stark (1794-1864). Moses and Enoch were sons of Jonathan J. and grandsons of James. When compared to each other, the descendants of Moses had a genetic distance of zero — being a perfect genetic match over the DNA Markers Tested . The descendant of Enoch, when compared to the descendants of Moses; had a genetic distance of one. Genetic distance defines (as a probability value) the T ime to a M ost R ecent C ommon A ncestor; referred to as TMRCA in the literature. These descendants of James Stark — when compared to others having different direct lines of descent to Aaron Stark — had probabilities greater than 97% Aaron was a common ancestor within the last 13 generations. Therefore, we can say with confidence, James Stark, the subject of this discussion, was a descendant of Aaron Stark (1608-1685).[3]
The Early Years Between 1765 and 1767, James moved to Loudoun County, Virginia with his brothers Joseph, and William. James was named on James Hamilton's tithable list which reported Nathan Lacock, Joseph Stark, Abner Howell, and James Stark with two tithables, the other being William Stark between 16 and 21 years of age. Hamilton's list reported persons living within the area bounded by William's Gap to Vestal's Gap to the junction of Vestal's Gap and the Blue Ridge, and then to Kittocton Mountain.[4] Because William Stark was living in the home of James and was sixteen to twenty years of age, he must have been a brother of James, the estimated age of James being too young to have had a son of sixteen or older. James may not have been married at this time, as the birth date of his first child known child, William Stark, was before August of 1771.[5] James probably married his spouse, Hannah, sometime between 1767 and 1769, this marriage certainly occurring in Loudoun County, Virginia. Many researchers believe Hannah Stark, named as the mother of Margaret Stark in a 1794 Shelby County, Kentucky Marriage Bond, was the daughter of Abner Howell. However, Abner Howell was born in 1744. Because the oldest child of James and Hannah was not born until 1770, Abner would not have been old enough to have a daughter of marrying age before 1770. There has been speculation Hannah was Ann Howell, daughter of Hugh Howell and his spouse Margaret. They were the parents of Abner Howell. ______ 1) Calendar of New Jersey Wills, Vol. III, 1751-1760. Ancestry.com. Calendar of New Jersey Wills, 1670-1760. [database online] Provo, UT Ancestry.com, 2000. Original data New Jersey Historical Society. Calendar of New Jersey Wills, Administrations, etc. Newark, NJ New Jersey Historical Society, 1901. Quote: " Joseph Laycock of Hardwick, Sussex County, Will of... Wife [not named]. Children-- John, Nathan, Joseph, Sarah, Elizabeth, Henry, and William. Real and personal estate. Executors-- Sons Joseph and William. Witnesses-- Edward Pigot, Jeames Stark, Henry Crosley. Proved Oct. 8, 1760. Inventory 125 pounds, 9 shilling, & 3 pence. Inventory by Henry Crosley and Ephraim Darby, 23 September 1760 ." 2) Sussex County, New Jersey Wills & Administrations, Libra (Book) 12, page 232; Year 1765. 3) URL: http://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~clovis/DNA-Program.htm; Table of Contents: Genetic Genealogy Analysis of Descendants of Aaron Stark [1608-1685] ; by Clovis LaFleur, June 7, 2009. 4) " James Stark of Stafford County, Virginia And His Descendants ," Volume 1, page 1271. Compiled by Mary Kathryn Harris & Mary Iva Jean Jorgensen. Copyright 1985, Privately Printed Fort Worth. 5) Image Source: Year: 1850; Census Place: Jackson, Spencer County, Indiana; Roll: M432_172; Page: 17; Image: 419. (Ancestry.com image database). Enumerated August 28, 1850. Reported age was 79 years. 6) Shelby Co, KY Bond for marriage; “ We do hereby sartify ... consent to go in the bonds of marage with our Daughter margat ... this 21 th day of December 1794. Signed James Stark, Hannah Stark ...” 45 Part 2: James Stark: His Life, Family, & Descendants Chapter 3: The Life & Times of James Stark
Ann or Hannah Stark could have been a brother of Abner Howell. While the Stark and Howell families had a close association over about 30 years — the data is insufficient to state with confidence James married Ann Howell or anyone with the surname Howell. While some researchers report the surname of the wife of James was Howell; further research may be required to verify. Thus far, the available data has not suggested other possible surnames for the spouse of James Stark. The 1768 James Hamilton Cameron Parish tithable list, compiled within the jurisdiction of Loudoun County, Virginia reveals William “Laycock”, James Stark, William Stark, and Joseph Stark were living very close to each other. On the Hamilton list of tithables for 1769 was William Laycock and four lines below were Daniel Howell, Henry Harris, James Starke, and William Schooley. On the tithable list of Craven Payton were Hugh Howell, Andrew Howell, John Howell, Abner Howell, David Howell, Thomas Howell, Henry Oxley, Jr., James McLinsay, John Howell, John Howell, Sr., and Charles Howell.[4] The last record found recording James Stark as a resident of Loudoun County was in the County Court minutes dated September 13, 1769; reported as James Stark - vs - Elias John for a note of hand. The defendant did not appear and the plaintiff was awarded 3 pounds. James next appears in the record as having been paid at Fort Pitt for his participation in Dunmore’s War. While the question of the residence of James Stark brothers 1770 and 1775 cannot be answered with certainty, speculation suggests he may have been squatting on Pennsylvania land warrants as early as 1771 or living in the region of Pigeon Creek, Fallowfield Township, Washington County, Pennsylvania with his brother-in-law, William Wood (married to Sarah Stark, the sister of James). For religious reasons, they may have left Loudoun County to join with their Sussex County, New Jersey Baptist neighbors, escaping the tithable system of Virginia.
Dunmore’s War Relatives of Mingo Chief Logan were murdered at Baker's cabin on April 30, 1774 — this date marking the beginning of Dunmore’s War; a six month conflict between the western Pennsylvania settlers and Native American tribes . James Stark, Daniel Stark, Christopher Stark, and William Wood participated in Dunmore's War for there is documented evidence they were paid at Fort Pitt in October of 1775 for militia service in the companies of Captain Joseph Mitchell and Lieutenant David Enoch.[2] At the beginning of hostilities, James may have been living near Pigeon Creek, at that time within Springhill Township created by Pennsylvania in March of 1771. William Wood, a brother-in-law of James, was reported as owning land on a tributary of Pigeon Creek in a 1780 Virginia Survey. This property was located about five miles west of the Monongahela River and half-way between Redstone and Pittsburgh.[3] Records from Dunmore's War report Daniel Stark and Christopher Stark served in Colonel William Crawford's Frederick County, Virginia Regiment under Captain Joseph Mitchell, their company commander. The length of service of Captain Mitchell was 159 days.[2] Hostilities ended before the end of October 1774; and Mitchell's pay period probably ended about November 1, 1774, implying his pay period began about May 20, 1774. Therefore, Daniel and Christopher probably served in Colonel William Crawford's Regiment between May 20, 1774 and November 1, 1774. However, the records do not report James serving as a participant in this War during this time interval. What might he have been doing? Historical accounts reveal the settlers living in the region between the Monongahela and Ohio Rivers had mostly evacuated their families by late May of 1774; to the relative safety of the east side of the Monongahela River. James may have stayed with the families while Daniel and Christopher returned to join the nearby militia Colonel William Crawford was calling to arms. The records of payment for Dunmore's War reveal John Connolly was in Command of the West Augusta County, Virginia Battalion. After Lord Dunmore's return to Redstone November 17 and from there to Williamsburg, Connolly resumed command of the forces remaining in the District of West Augusta. Although a treaty had been signed and honored by the Shawnee, there were other Indian tribes that did not feel compelled to honor the treaty agreement made in October. Therefore, as a safety precaution, one would have to presume companies of men would have been garrisoned at forts on the Ohio River as a first line of defense in the event these tribes chose to renew their hostilities. Within Connolly's command was Lieutenant David Enoch. The length of service of Lieutenant Enoch was 132 days.[2] Serving in Enoch's Company was Sergeant Zophar Ball, a Sergeant who had served in Joseph Mitchell's Company. From the military records, there were a number of men who appeared on the rosters of both Joseph Mitchell’s company and David Enoch’s company, including Daniel and Christopher Stark. As reported above, James Stark was not on the roster of Mitchell’s company; but was later reported on the roster of Enoch’s company. The treaty having been signed in October, James probably returned the families to the region evacuated in April and then joined Enoch’s company. ______ 1) Loudoun County, Virginia, 1765 Tithables and Voter List ; Jean Jorgenson, 1983. [This is hand typed and bound, non- published work. Contributed by Pauline Stark Moore.] 2) Warren Skidmore with Donna Kaminsky, Lord Dunmore's Little War of 1774 His Captains and Their Men Who Opened Up Kentucky & the West to American Settlement, published by Heritage Books, Inc., Westminster, Maryland, 2002;. Pages 42, 53-54, 66-67. 3) Boyd Crumrine, Editor, History of Washington County, Pennsylvania with biographical sketches of many of its pioneers and prominent men , Philadelphia L.H. Everts and Co., 1882. Page 192 & 193, Illustration. Shows location and boundary of the property of William Wood.
46 Part 2: James Stark: His Life, Family, & Descendants Chapter 3: The Life & Times of James Stark
The participation of James and his brothers in Dunmore's War suggests they were living between the Monongahela and Ohio Rivers at the time of the massacre of Chief Logan's relatives at Baker's Cabin. A even more compelling reason for believing they lived in the region was their service under Lieutenant David Enoch. At the time of Dunmore’s War, the Enoch family was living on Ten Mile Creek — located southeast of present day Washington, Washington County, Pennsylvania . Historical accounts report they constructed a blockhouse only two miles from the Monongahela River on that same creek. David Enoch's men probably lived near the blockhouse, providing protection in that region against Indian attacks; many of these men having completed an earlier period of service in Joseph Mitchell's Company. If this were true, then the men in Enoch's command probably lived near the blockhouse — or were garrisoned at several forts built along the Ohio River . What is known for certain is James Stark, Daniel Stark, Christopher Stark, and William Wood were paid at Fort Pitt for their service in Dunmore's War, suggesting they were living near present day Pittsburgh by October of 1775 — further more, their participation in Dunmore's War could certainly imply they were living over the mountains near Fort Pitt before April 30, 1774 .
The Revolutionary War Years Early in May of 1775, communication arrived form the east reporting that on April 19 th a detachment of Royal troops under the command of General Gage at Boston, Massachusetts, had fired on provincial troops at Lexington. These were the opening shots of the Revolution. The boundary dispute between Virginia and Pennsylvania that had continued after Dunmore’s War, was temporarily set aside, but there were still hostile feelings on both sides of the argument. Inhabitants living west of Laurel Hill and claiming allegiance to Augusta County met at Pittsburgh. The term "west of Laurel Hill" suggests the West District of Augusta claimed jurisdiction over the region on both sides of the Monongahela River as far east as Laurel Hill. Several familiar names chosen as members of a committee for the District of Augusta were William Crawford, Henry Enoch, and James Ennis, whom we will learn later was a neighbor of William Wood near Pigeon Creek. The appointed committee had the:
"... full power to meet at such times as they shall judge necessary, and in case of any emergency to call the committee of this district together, and shall be vested with the same power and authority as the other standing committee and committees of correspondence are in the other counties within this colony ."
Colony in this instance meant Virginia, not Pennsylvania. However, the Pennsylvania Archives report James Stark , Daniel Stark, Christopher Stark, and Joseph Stark served in the “Rangers of the Frontier,” being paid for active service between 1777 and 1783. They served with Captain Abner Howell, Francis Vineyard, John Vineyard, and Thomas Vineyard.[1] Virginia had approved William Wood’s claim to his property June 8, 1780, before the Pennsylvania and Virginia boundary dispute had been settled. Pennsylvania claims of land ownership in Washington County came from warrants issued by Pennsylvania from 1769 thru 1776. Conflicting with these claims were certificates issued by the Virginia authorities in 1779 and 1780 to persons, who, thinking they were citizens of Virginia, had made bona fide settlements (a corn crop or one year's residence) before January 1, 1778. William Wood's property was one of many surveys conducted by Yohogania County, Virginia related to these certificates of ownership.[2] A later deed (dated September 27, 1785) reports James owned property that shared a border with William Wood on Sugar Camp Run. However, as we will learn, James had abandoned this property and was living within the bounds of present day Kentucky by September of 1785. For a brief period after 1783, James Stark was listed as a private in the Washington County, PA Militia Battalion of Captain Abner Howell.[3] James service in the Commands of Abner Howell suggests he may have been Abner’s brother-in-law; but there is no documented evidence to verify. At the conclusion of the War, J ames Stark appears on the Washington Co., PA 1783 tax list; reporting he owned 140 acres in Fallowfield Township.[4] Sometime just before, or in the year 1785, James Stark removed from Pennsylvania — reported that year on the tithable list of James Rogers in Nelson County, Virginia (later Kentucky) . ______ 1) Pennsylvania Archives, 3rd Series, Volume 23. Page 214. Comment: Has a list of "Rangers of the Frontier" who were paid for active service between the years 1777 to 1783. On page 217 will be found James Stark, Captain Abner Howell, and James Stark (appearing twice on this page). 2) History of Washington County, Pennsylvania: with biographical sketches of many of its pioneers and prominent men . Edited by Boyd Crumrine. Illustrated. Philadelphia: L.H. Everts and Co., 1882. Page 192 & 193, Illustration. 3) Pennsylvania Archives 6th Series, Vol. 2:244 4) Katherine K. Zinsser and Raymond M. Bell, The 1783 Tax Lists and the 1790 Federal Census for Washington County, Pennsylvani a, Bowie, Md, Heritage Books, 1988; p. 16&48.
47 Part 2: James Stark: His Life, Family, & Descendants Chapter 3: The Life & Times of James Stark Kentucky Many families living in Washington County, Pennsylvania — loyal to Virginia during the boundary dispute with Pennsylvania — migrated to the tributaries of the Salt River (located south of present day Louisville, Kentucky). There could have been many motivations for this migration. James probably moved because his Virginia Certificate, issued under the authority of Virginia from 1779 to 1782, were probably not recognized when the region came under the jurisdiction of the Washington County, Pennsylvania courts and land office (which opened July 1, 1784). James Rogers moved to the Nelson County region southeast of present day Bardstown about 1780; constructing a collection of cabins within a Picket wall; this small community known at the time as Rogers Station. Settlers and their families, upon first arriving, took up residence at the station. With their families protected at the station, the men were then able to locate, survey, and build on their properties, this process often requiring several years.[1] The present State of Kentucky was under the jurisdiction Virginia before joining the Union in 1792. In an effort to better organize the region, Virginia created Nelson County which officially began operation January 1, 1785. Reported on the James Rogers 1785 Nelson County tithable list was James Stark and his son William Stark; being about 15 years of age. Also reported were 5 males and 3 females in the family group, the males being under the age of 15. Four of the males were probably sons named Daniel, Jonathan J., Aaron, and Elijah. The females were probably the wife of James, Hannah; and daughters named Margaret and Anne. James and his family had recently arrived in the region, temporarily locating at Roger's Station for protection from Indian attacks. James had moved from Rogers Station by the time the tithable list was compiled in 1786 for he and his son William were on the list of David Cox in 1786. David Cox's district in 1786 was described as: " from where the County road crossed Salt River on the north side of said road including all the waters of Coxs Creek ." James was living somewhere north of the County Road, east of or on Cox's Creek and south of the Salt River. He and his brothers — John and Joseph — were all reported living next to each other on this list and living with or near them was another brother, Christopher Stark. They may have all been living on the same property where John and Joseph had been recorded in 1785. Being a large family group probably provided them mutual protection against Indian attacks. In July of 1786, James was the Plaintive in a case against Phillie Nicolas who did appear at Court when called. In December, James served on a jury in a case of Adam Shepard was the plaintive against Thomas Cunningham, the defendant. In the same month, James again served on a jury with his brother Joseph. He was reported on the tithable list of David Cox in 1787; Joshua Hobbs in 1788 thru 1791. February 11, 1792, a bond of marriage was issued to Jonathan J. Stark, a son of James which stated:
Bond for Jonathan Stark m. Rachel Stark, dau of Danl. Stark. Surety, Jonathan Stark. Signed by Jonathan X Stark his mark, Jonathan Stark. Wit: Peter Grayson. Consent for Jonathan signed by his father, James Stark, and for Rachel by her father, Daniel Stark. Witness to both: Jonathan Stark by signature.
Jonathan J. Stark was under the age of 21 and required the consent of his parents to marry his cousin, Rachel Stark, daughter of James’ brother, Daniel Stark. Daniel’s son, Jonathan D. Stark, was a witness and over twenty-one years of age. Note that Jonathan J. could not write his name, while Jonathan D. did sign his name. In later Chapters, this will be one way of distinguishing these young men from each other. James was reported on the tax list of Gabriel Cox in 1792 and 1793. From 1794 until his death in late 1820, James lived in Shelby County, Kentucky near are on Elks Creek.
The Final Years of James Stark James appeared on the tax rolls of Shelby County from 1794 through 1815. In 1794, we find the following bonds of marriage records in Shelby County:
• Aug. 30; Shelby Co, KY Bond for marriage: We Jacob Stark & Jonathan Stark are bound unto his Excellency Isaac Shelby Esq. Governor of … Kentucky … whereas a marriage is shortly intended to be solemnized between the above bounded Jacob Starke and Margaret Stark, Daughter of James Stark. Signed: Jacob Stark, Jonathan Stark Test: Jas. Craig? • We do hereby sartify that we give unto Jacob Stark our free and volentery consent to go in the bonds of marage with our Daughter margat given under our hand this 21 th day of December 1794. Signed James Stark, Hannah Stark; Test: Jonathan Stark, Aaron Stark. • 1794 Dec 22 Shelby Co, KY Bond for marriage: We Jacob Stark & Jonathan Stark are bound unto his Excellency Isaac Shelby Esq. Governor of … Kentucky … whereas a marriage is shortly intended to be solemnized between the above bounded Jacob Starke and Margaret Stark Daughter of James Stark. Signed Jacob Stark, Jonathan Stark Test: Jas. Craig?
This was the marriage of James’ oldest daughter to her cousin, Jacob Stark, son of James’ brother, Daniel Stark. Jonathan was Jonathan D. Stark, son of Daniel. Aaron Stark was a son of James Stark and his wife, Hannah. Earlier, we mentioned Hannah may have been Anna Howell, daughter of Hugh and Margaret Howell. James and Hannah named their first daughter Margaret and the recorder of this record may have mistakenly entered Hannah instead of Anna. However, without supporting records, this can only be considered as the Author’s speculation. ______ 1) David Hall article entitled Rogers Station Grew from Early Land Deal . Published in The Kentucky Standard, April 17, 1985. 48 Part 2: James Stark: His Life, Family, & Descendants Chapter 3: The Life & Times of James Stark
This has been the only record reporting the given name of the first wife of James. Later probate records will reveal James had a Wife named Nancy, clearly not the Hannah of this record, indicating Hannah had died after December of 1794. Probably sometime after this record, and before his death in 1820 or early 1821, James married a second wife with the given name Nancy, her surname not known. From this marriage, there was no issue. The Shelby County Marriage bonds document a bond taken by John Gonterman and James Stark reporting the impending marriage of Anne Stark to the same John Gonterman.
John Gonterman & James Stark are held & firmly bound unto his Excellency James Gerrard Esqr. Governor of the Commonwealth under the penal Sum of L50 which payment will & truly to be made We bind ourselves our heirs &c truly to be made We bind ourselves our heirs &c in witness Whereof we have here unto Set our hands & Seals this 4 th day of Decr 1800. With Condition that there shall be no lawful cause to obstruct the marriage between the above bound John Gonterman & Anne Stark. Signed by John Gonterman, James X Stark his mark. Teste: Jno? Crecy?
The surname Gonterman is the same as the surname Countryman often found in the Kentucky records of this period. In November of 1801, James, with several of men, was ordered to appraise the estate of Isaac Pennington, deceased. James next appears in the 1810 Shelby County, Census; living next door to his son-in-law, John Gonterman.
Head of the House: James Stark Males: [10 & less than 16 = 1] [16 & less than 26=1] [45 & Older = 1] Females: [10 & less than 16=1] [26 & less than 45=1] [Source: Year: 1810; Census Place: Shelby, Kentucky; Roll: 8; Page: 202; Image: 192.00.]
The youngest male in the home of James was probably Adin Stark, born February 16, 1795. The female 26 and less than 45 must have been the second wife of James, her given name Nancy. From this census, James must have married Nancy before 1810, for if this female had been Hannah, the first wife of James, she should have been 45 or older. James was reported living in the 1820 Shelby Census and in that year sold 115 acres to Thomas Forman and 2 acres to William Jewell October 28, 1820. Both of these properties were located on Elks Creek in Shelby County. When the Shelby County Court met in May of 1821, The following matter was on their court agenda
A writing purporting to be the relinquishment of Nancy Stark of the right to administer on the estate of her husband James Stark decd was this day produced in Court & ordered to be filed. Therefore on motion of Frederick Dayhoff he having taken the oath as required by law & entered into bond with Charles Baiad? His Security in the penalty $5000 Conditioned as the law Directs letters of Administration granted him on said Estate in due form of Law.
Sometime before May of 1821 and after October 28, 1820, James Stark died. In January of 1824, Spencer County, Kentucky was created from parts of Shelby, Bullitt, and Nelson Counties. The region along Elks Creek where James had lived was within the jurisdiction of Spencer County after it’s creation. The following Spencer County deed provides the names of children of James and Hannah:
This indenture made this fifth day of January 1826 between William Stark, Jonathan Stark, Jacob Stark, Aaron Stark, Daniel Stark, Elijah Stark, Adin Stark, John Gonterman and John Kester the legatees of James Stark decd of Spencer Co., to Joseph Bennett, for $768.95, tract of land lying on Elk Creek a branch of Salt River containing 84 ½ acres, corner to Jewels Mill tract. Wit: Henry Randal, Thomas Frasure, Aaron Stark Elijah Stark, Stephen Stark. Signed in this order: Wm. Stark, Jonathan J his mark Stark, Jacob Stark, Daniel Stark, Elijah Stark, Adin Stark, John Gonterman, John Kester, Aaron Stark. Proved 16 May 1826, recorded 30 May 1827 Spencer Co, KY Deeds B:35
Let us now turn to the Children of James.
49 Blank Page
50 Part 2: James Stark: His Life, Family, & Descendants Chapter 4: The Children of James Stark
Chapter 4 Descendants of James Stark, 3 Generations
1. JAMES 1 STARK was born before 1739 in Probably Woodbridge, New Jersey. He died before May 1821 in Shelby, Kentucky, USA. He married Hannah Unknown before March 1770 in Loudoun County, Virginia. She was born before 1755 in Virginia. She died after December 1794.
James Stark and Hannah Unknown had the following children: 2. i. WILLIAM 2 STARK was born on November 23, 1770 in Loudoun County, Virginia. He died on December 23, 1853 in Spencer County, Indiana. He married Mary Gonterman on May 02, 1792 in Nelson County, Kentucky. She was born on May 02, 1771 in Newton, Sussex County, New Jersey. She died on March 19, 1865 in Spencer County, Indiana.
3. ii. DANIEL STARK was born about 1771 in Probably Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania. He died on March 18, 1840 in Bullitt County, Kentucky. He married Margaret Gunterman on December 30, 1803 in Bullitt County, Kentucky. She was born on October 18, 1778 in Sussex County, New Jersey. She died on September 17, 1862 in Bullitt County, Kentucky.
4. iii. J ONATHAN J . S TARK was born about 1773 in Probably Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania. He died after 1850 in Clay, Indiana, USA. He married (1) M ARY " POLLY" U NKNOWN before 1817. She was born about 1788 in Kentucky. She died after 1860. He married (2) R ACHEL S TARK , daughter of Daniel Stark and Elizabeth Unknown on February 11, 1792 in Nelson County, Kentucky. She was born about 1772 in Loudoun County, Virginia. She died about 1820.
5. iv. MARGARET STARK was born after 1774 in Probably Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania. She died about 1808 in Nelson County, Kentucky. She married Jacob Stark, son of Daniel Stark and Elizabeth Unknown on December 22, 1794 in Shelby, Kentucky, USA. He was born about 1771 in Loudoun County, Virginia. He died on December 28, 1828 in Washington County, Indiana.
v. AARON STARK was born before 1776 in Probably Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania. He died in 1837 in Bullit County, Kentucky. He married Anne Gonterman on February 20, 1800 in Nelson County, Kentucky.
vi. ANNE STARK was born in 1780 in Yohogania County, Virginia (later Washington County, PA). She married John Gonterman on December 11, 1800 in Shelby, Kentucky, USA. He was born between 1771-1780.
6. vii. ELIJAH STARK was born in 1784 in Washington, Pennsylvania, USA. He died on September 10, 1847 in Clark, Illinois, USA. He married Gertrude Blackburn on January 07, 1811 in Shelby, Kentucky, USA. She was born about 1790 in Maryland. She died on November 19, 1857 in Clark, Illinois, USA.
viii. MARY "POLLY" STARK was born in 1790 in Nelson County, Virginia (later Kentucky). She married John Kester on October 30, 1810 in Shelby, Kentucky, USA.
7. ix. ADIN H. STARK was born on February 16, 1795 in Shelby, Kentucky, USA. He died after 1850 in Spencer, Kentucky, USA. He married Eleanor Stillwell on January 27, 1818 in Shelby, Kentucky, USA. She was born on December 29, 1799 in Shelby, Indiana, USA. She died on January 02, 1844 in Spencer, Kentucky, USA.
51 Part 2: James Stark: His Life, Family, & Descendants Chapter 4: The Children of James Stark
Generation 2
2. WILLIAM 2 STARK (James 1 ) was born on November 23, 1770 in Loudoun County, Virginia. He died on December 23, 1853 in Spencer County, Indiana. He married Mary Gonterman on May 02, 1792 in Nelson County, Kentucky. She was born on May 02, 1771 in Newton, Sussex County, New Jersey. She died on March 19, 1865 in Spencer County, Indiana.
William Stark and Mary Gonterman had the following children:
8. i. JAMES 3 STARK was born on April 22, 1793 in Kentucky. He died on October 13, 1855 in Bullitt County, Kentucky. He married Margaret Gonterman on October 16, 1814 in Bullitt County, Kentucky. She was born about 1794 in Kentucky.
ii. JOHN STARK was born about 1800 in Bullitt County, Kentucky.
3. DANIEL 2 STARK (James 1 ) was born about 1771 in Probably Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania. He died on March 18, 1840 in Bullitt County, Kentucky. He married Margaret Gunterman on December 30, 1803 in Bullitt County, Kentucky. She was born on October 18, 1778 in Sussex County, New Jersey. She died on September 17, 1862 in Bullitt County, Kentucky.
Daniel Stark and Margaret Gunterman had the following children:
9. i. AARON 3 STARK [1804 - 1855] was born in December 1804 in Bullitt County, Kentucky. He died on March 27, 1855 in Bullitt County, Kentucky. He married Susan Samuels on September 09, 1826 in Bullitt County, Kentucky. She was born on November 07, 1801 in Kentucky. She died on December 25, 1862 in Bullitt County, Kentucky.
10. ii. ANNA STARK was born about 1806 in Bullitt, Kentucky, USA. She died about 1845 in , Breckinridge, Kentucky, USA. She married Thomas Jefferson Triplett Sr. on April 01, 1830 in Bullitt, Kentucky, USA. He was born on April 18, 1805 in Jessamine, Kentucky, USA. He died on August 25, 1875 in Bewleyville, Breckinridge, Kentucky, USA.
iii. DANIEL STARK was born about 1807 in Bullitt, Kentucky, USA. He died before 1841.
11. iv. WILLIAM STARK was born on December 20, 1809 in Railroad Junction, Bullitt, KY. He died on July 11, 1859 in Nelson County, Kentucky. He married (1) MARY ELIZABETH "NANCY" MAYFIELD on May 18, 1845 in Bullitt, KY. She was born on June 09, 1823 in North Carolina. She died on January 09, 1902 in Bullitt County, Kentucky. He married (2) SOPHIA SAMUELS on November 24, 1831 in Bullitt County, Kentucky. She was born about 1811. She died before 1844 in Bullitt County, Kentucky.
v. ELIZABETH STARK was born about 1810 in Bullitt, Kentucky, USA. She died before 1854 in ,,KY.
vi. AMON STARK was born on February 28, 1811 in Kentucky, Bullitt, KY. He died on July 07, 1858 in Kentucky, KY. He married Nancy Duvall on November 19, 1835 in ,Nelson, KY. She was born about 1815.
12. vii. MARY STARK was born on October 12, 1814 in Bullitt, Kentucky, USA. She died on November 22, 1881 in ,Nelson, KY. She married William C. Duvall on May 31, 1838 in Bullitt, Kentucky, USA. He was born on February 21, 1813. He died on April 19, 1886 in ,Nelson, KY.
viii. JOHN STARK was born about 1820 in Bullitt, Kentucky, USA.
13. ix. PERRY STARK was born on January 04, 1824 in Bullitt, Kentucky, USA. He died on July 28, 1875 in ,Nelson, KY. He married Mary Jane Harned on October 31, 1842 in NELSON CO., Kentucky, KY. She was born on January 03, 1820 in ,Nelson, KY. She died on September 01, 1885 in Boston, Nelson, KY.
52 Part 2: James Stark: His Life, Family, & Descendants Chapter 4: The Children of James Stark
x. SOPHIA STARK was born on October 20, 1826 in Bullitt, Kentucky, USA. She died on November 27, 1893 in ,,KY.
xi. EMILY STARK was born about 1826 in Bullitt, Kentucky, USA.
4. JONATHAN J. 2 STARK (James 1 ) was born about 1773 in Probably Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania. He died after 1850 in Clay, Indiana, USA. He married (1) MARY "POLLY" UNKNOWN before 1817. She was born about 1788 in Kentucky. She died after 1860. He married (2) RACHEL STARK , daughter of Daniel Stark and Elizabeth Unknown on February 11, 1792 in Nelson County, Kentucky. She was born about 1772 in Loudoun County, Virginia. She died about 1820.
Jonathan J. Stark and Mary "Polly" Unknown had the following children:
14. i. NANCY 3 STARK was born about 1817 in Indiana, USA. She died on November 07, 1888 in Louisville, Clay County, Illinois. She married Elisha S. Stark, son of Abraham Stark and Sarah Stark on September 04, 1834 in Scott, Indiana, USA. He was born on June 20, 1811 in Kentucky. He died before 1870 in Probably Linn County, Missouri.
15. ii. JOSHUA CARMAN STARK SENIOR was born in 1820 in Scott, Indiana, USA. He died after 1880 in Probably Illinois. He married (1) PHEBE STARK, daughter of Abraham Stark and Sarah Stark on August 06, 1837 in Scott, Indiana, USA. She was born on January 07, 1813 in Butler County, Kentucky. She died before 1855 in Clay, Indiana, USA. He married (2) ELIZABETH STARK, daughter of James F. Stark and Lucinda Unknown on March 27, 1876 in Menard County, Illinois. She was born in August 1837 in Indiana, USA. She died on February 01, 1905 in Decatur, Macon County, Illinois. He married (3) LUCINDA ANN FISHER on February 17, 1855 in Sullivan County, Indiana. She was born about 1833 in Indiana, USA. She died between 1870-1876 in Probably Menard County, Illinois.
16. iii. JONATHAN MERRILL STARK was born in 1823 in Scott, Indiana, USA. He married (1) MELINDA E. MASKAL on September 06, 1856 in Sullivan County, Indiana. She was born about 1837 in Indiana, USA. He married (2) ANNA I. STARK, daughter of Eli Stark and Mary "Polly" Stark on October 21, 1842 in Scott, Indiana, USA. She was born in 1826. She died before 1855.
Jonathan J. Stark and Rachel Stark had the following children:
17. iv. MOSES STARK was born on January 09, 1793 in Nelson County, Kentucky. He died on October 24, 1860 in Texas County, Missouri. He married Sally McCleary on March 18, 1813 in Clark, Indiana, USA. She was born about 1794 in Kentucky or Pennsylvania.
18. v. ENOCH STARK was born on January 24, 1794 in Kentucky. He married Gilly Carril on February 22, 1816 in Clark, Indiana. She was born on February 25, 1800. She died on May 01, 1850 in Indiana, USA.
5. MARGARET 2 STARK (James 1 ) was born after 1774 in Probably Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania. She died about 1808 in Nelson County, Kentucky. She married Jacob Stark, son of Daniel Stark and Elizabeth Unknown on December 22, 1794 in Shelby, Kentucky, USA. He was born about 1771 in Loudoun County, Virginia. He died on December 28, 1828 in Washington County, Indiana.
Jacob Stark and Margaret Stark had the following children:
19. i. ABNER 3 STARK was born in 1792 in Kentucky. He died on June 18, 1843 in Clark, Indiana, USA. He married Rebecca Dickey on January 03, 1813 in Clark, Indiana, USA. She was born in 1795 in North Carolina. She died on November 15, 1857 in Clark, Illinois, USA.
53 Part 2: James Stark: His Life, Family, & Descendants Chapter 4: The Children of James Stark
20. ii. WILLIAM STARK was born on November 09, 1795 in Shelby, Kentucky, USA. He died on April 07, 1874 in Mt. Airy, Randolph County, Missouri. He married Catherine Goodman on August 12, 1824. She was born on September 16, 1803 in Albemarle County, Virginia. She died on August 28, 1890 in Randolph County, Missouri.
21. iii. MAHLON STARK was born about 1798 in Kentucky. He died in 1859 in Mercer County, Missouri. He married Sarah Manning on September 23, 1821 in Washington, Indiana. She was born in 1802 in Virginia.
22. iv. MARY "POLLY" STARK was born about 1799 in Kentucky. She died after 1860 in Gentry County, Missouri. She married Eli Stark, son of Jonathan D. Stark and Rachel Devore on September 21, 1815 in Clark, Indiana. He was born about 1795 in Shelby, Kentucky, USA. He died on September 05, 1838 in Scott, Indiana, USA.
v. ANNA STARK was born on January 25, 1800 in Nelson, Kentucky. She died on April 03, 1887 in Clark, Indiana, USA. She married Thomas Frazier on March 20, 1821 in Shelby, Kentucky, USA. He was born on February 01, 1796 in Virginia. He died on April 10, 1897 in Clark, Illinois, USA.
vi. MARGARET STARK was born about 1802 in Nelson, Kentucky. She married Nathaniel Noland on October 22, 1823 in Washington County, Indiana. He was born about 1802.
23. vii. ELIZABETH STARK was born about 1803 in Nelson County, Kentucky. She died in 1840 in Grandview, Edgar County, ILlinois. She married (1) DANIEL BENNETT on April 01, 1824 in Spencer County, Kentucky. He was born in 1800. He died in 1834 in ClarkCounty, Illinois. She married (2) PHILIP BOYER on January 15, 1836 in Grandview, Edgar, IL; Quality: 2. He was born about 1795 in German Twp, Fayette, PA; 2. He died on July 15, 1864 in Grandview, Edgar, IL; 2.
24. viii. AARON STARK was born about 1808 in Kentucky. He married Matilda Boswell on July 29, 1828 in Spencer County, Kentucky. She was born about 1808 in Kentucky.
2 1 6. E LIJAH S TARK (James ) was born in 1784 in Washington, Pennsylvania, USA. He died on September 10, 1847 in Clark, Illinois, USA. He married Gertrude Blackburn on January 07, 1811 in Shelby, Kentucky, USA. She was born about 1790 in Maryland. She died on November 19, 1857 in Clark, Illinois, USA.
Elijah Stark and Gertrude Blackburn had the following children: 25. i. ADIN D. 3 STARK was born in 1812 in Kentucky. He died on February 16, 1884 in Kansas Township, Edgar County, Illinois. He married Amandaline Redman on January 21, 1837 in Edgar, Illinois, USA. She was born on November 08, 1818 in Kentucky. She died on February 16, 1884 in Clark, Illinois, USA.
ii. JOHN W. STARK was born in 1822 in Kentucky. He died on September 26, 1852 in Clark, Illinois, USA.
iii. REBECCA A. STARK was born in 1825. She died on January 03, 1842 in Clark, Illinois, USA.
2 1 7. A DIN H . S TARK (James ) was born on February 16, 1795 in Shelby, Kentucky, USA. He died after 1850 in Spencer, Kentucky, USA. He married Eleanor Stillwell on January 27, 1818 in Shelby, Kentucky, USA. She was born on December 29, 1799 in Shelby, Indiana, USA. She died on January 02, 1844 in Spencer, Kentucky, USA.
Adin H. Stark and Eleanor Stillwell had the following children: 3 26. i. N ORBOURNE P ERRY S TARK was born on February 05, 1819 in Shelby, Kentucky, USA. He married Angelina L. Smith in 1865 in Arkansas, USA. She was born in 1849 in Tennessee, USA.
27. ii. E TILMON J USTUS S TARK was born on May 05, 1820 in Shelby, Kentucky, USA. He died on February 04, 1908 in Indiana. He married J ERUSHA V AN B USKIRK .
54 Part 3: Daniel Stark: His Life, Family, & Descendants Chapter 5: Daniel & Elizabeth (Wells) Stark
Chapter 5 Daniel Stark & Elizabeth (Wells) Stark
Daniel Stark was the son of Jonathan Stark and Sarah Lacock. In Loudon County, Virginia, Daniel Stark, William Lacock, Francis Vinyard & William Wood were reported on McIlhaney's tithable list; while James, William and Joseph Stark and their Uncle, Nathan Laycock, were reported on Hamilton's list. Daniel would have been 21 years of age or older, establishing his birth year as earlier than 1747.[1] He most likely married Elizabeth Wells in Loudon County no later than in year 1767.[2] Although the surname of Elizabeth Wells is disputed by many researchers, Stark family researcher Donn Neal has provided convincing circumstantial evidence that "Wells" was most likely correct. [3] Â James Stark, Daniel Stark (with his wife Elizabeth), Joseph Stark, and William Stark, were documented as living in Loudoun County in 1767 in approximately the same location as William Lacock, Nathan Lacock, Francis Vineyard, William Wood, and Abner Howell and were most likely brothers of James Stark and sons of Jonathan Stark and Sarah Lacock. The 1768 James Hamilton Cameron Parish tithable list, compiled within the jurisdiction of Loudoun County, Virginia reveals William Laycock, James Stark, William Stark, and Joseph Stark were living very close to each other. Also reported on Hamilton's list was Nathan Laycock, his residence most likely near these men. On McIlhaney's list was Francis Vineyard, William Wood, and Daniel Stark, the latter two living in close proximity to each other. However, Daniel was not recorded as a resident of Loudoun County in 1768, nor were his brothers Christopher, Joseph, or William. Could these men have moved to Redstone Fort in 1769? Later records disclose Christopher Stark and Joseph Stark were on the Loudoun County tithable list with William Wood in 1770. After 1768, no record of Daniel Stark can be found in Loudoun County nor can records for James Stark be found after 1769. April 3, 1769, the Pennsylvania Proprietary Land Office opened. Over the next two years, pioneers moved in large numbers into the region afterwards known as Washington County, Pennsylvania. When on March 9, 1771, Bedford County was formed from the western part of Cumberland County, it included this region. Pitt Township and Springhill Township were created at that time, the latter taking in the region which was south of present day Washington, Pennsylvania. The 1772 tax-rolls for Springhill Township, Bedford County, reveal 308 landholders, 89 tenants, and 58 single freemen, most from Virginia and Maryland. Virginia did not attempt to establish court jurisdiction over this part of Western Pennsylvania until late 1773 and early 1774. William Wood was on the Loudoun County tithable list in 1770. By the end of 1770, William was at Redstone and settled near Ten Mile Creek. This was where William was converted to the Baptist faith. He preached in neighborhoods in conjunction with John Corbley (Crossley), Rev. Mr. Majors, Rev. James Ireland, & Rev. Mr. Swingler.[4] Christopher Stark Wood was born March 9, 1772, to William and Sarah Wood in Fallowfield, Washington County, VA/PA.[4] Because these place names did not exist in 1772, Christopher would have been born in what was still Bedford County, Pennsylvania. James Stark, Daniel Stark, Christopher Stark, and William Wood participated in Dunmore's War for which they were paid at Fort Pitt in October of 1775. However, at the beginning of hostilities, their place of residence is not known with certainty. They all may have been living near Pigeon Creek which would have placed them about five miles west of the Monongahela River and half-way between Redstone and Pittsburgh. Records from Dunmore's War report Daniel Stark and Christopher Stark served in Colonel William Crawford's Frederick County, Virginia Regiment under Captain Joseph Mitchell, their company commander. Two others serving in Captain Mitchell's Company were Lieutenant Nathaniel Fox and Sergeant Zophar Ball. The length of service of Captain Mitchell, for which he was paid 79 pounds and 10 shillings, was 159 days.[5] ______ 1) James Stark of Stafford County, Virginia And His Descendants, Volume 1, page 1271. Compiled by Mary Kathryn Harris & Mary Iva Jean Jorgensen. Copyright 1985, Privately Printed Fort Worth. For birth of first child of Jonathan Stark and Margaret Ball, see page 1348. 2) Author's Speculation / The oldest known child of Daniel and Elizabeth was Jonathan D. Stark, born May 14, 1768. 3) Neal, Donn, "My Family Through History." Article entitled "Daniel Stark & Elizabeth Wells." URL: http://www.donnneal.com/chastain-stark-vineyard.html#de 4) Deborah Nordyke; Wood Family researcher. E-mail Address [email protected]. Her source: Unpublished Lyman C. Draper (1815-1891) Manuscript notes, Series 8BB. Owned by the Wisconsin State Historical Society. 5) Lord Dunmore's Little War of 1774: His Captains and Their Men Who Opened Up Kentucky & the West to American Settlement (2002), by Warren Skidmore with Donna Kaminsky, published by Heritage Books, Inc. (Westminster, Maryland), 2002. Pages 42, 53-54, 66-67.
55 Part 3: Daniel Stark: His Life, Family, & Descendants Chapter 5: Daniel & Elizabeth (Wells) Stark Assuming hostilities ended before the end of October 1774, Mitchell's pay period probably ended about November 1, 1774, implying his pay period began about May 20, 1774. Therefore, the Stark brothers could have served in Colonel William Crawford's Regiment between May 20, 1774 and November 1, 1774. From the above historical account, William Crawford departed his home with 100 men May 8th for Fort Pitt, where other men of the surrounding area militia were to assemble. By the time Crawford was ready to leave Fort Pitt for Wheeling he had a command of between two hundred and three hundred men, many apparently living on both sides of the Monongahela River and as far east as Laurel Hills. Its possible some of these men traveled over the mountains from Frederick County, meeting at Steward's Crossing before proceeding on to Fort Pitt with Crawford. Joseph Mitchell could have been one of these men. Because Pigeon Creek was in close proximity to Stewart's Crossing, the Stark brothers could have also been among those who assembled at Steward's Crossing. Once the men had assembled at Fort Pitt, they surely were organized into companies, not all of the men in each company necessarily from the same region but assigned to regional Captains. The above historical account reveals the region between the Monongahela and Ohio Rivers had been mostly evacuated. Allowing Daniel and Christopher time to move their families to safety on the east side of the Monongahela River between April 30th and May 20th, they probably had time to travel to Fort Pitt to participate in the militia assembly or assigned to Mitchell's Company May 8th at Steward's Crossing. If they served in William Crawford's Regiment, then they most likely participated in much of the activity attributed to his regiment during Dunmore's War. Without doubt, Daniel and Christopher participated in the construction of Fort Fincastle if they were part of William Crawford's Regiment when he departed Pittsburgh in early June. Nathaniel Fox was a Lieutenant in Mitchell's Company and was one of those wounded when Angus McDonald's command was ambushed near the Muskingum River August 2nd. Logic would suggest Daniel and Christopher, as members of the same company, were members of McDonald's expedition to the Shawnee villages located on the Muskingum River. However, as the historical accounts mention, William Crawford was ordered to stay at Fort Fincastle with about 200 to 300 men to protect the Fort and residents in the area. Therefore, Mitchell's Command would most likely have been temporarily assigned to the expedition, which would have been McDonald's prerogative as the ranking officer on the scene. Likewise, it cannot be said with certainty that Captain Mitchell's Company traveled back to Fort Pitt with Crawford in late August or early September; for surely some men would have stayed at Fort Fincastle in the event the Indians renewed their attacks across the Ohio. Again, one can only speculate that the Stark brothers may have participated in moving the cattle and supplies from Fort Pitt to Wheeling as related in the historical account. Assuming Captain Mitchell's Company participated in concert with William Crawford's Regiment after September 30, 1774, then one would have to presume they would have participated in the Regiment's activities throughout the month of October 1774 and the skirmish with the Mingo's late in October. At the conclusion of the War in late October, Crawford's regiment must have been relieved or disbanded by November 14, 1774, the date Crawford wrote his letter to George Washington from Stewart's Crossing. However, did the Stark brothers complete their tour at that time and return to their families? The records of payment for Dunmore's War reveal John Connolly was in Command of the West Augusta County Battalion . After Lord Dunmore's return to Redstone November 17 and from there to Williamsburg, Connolly resumed command of the forces remaining in the District of West Augusta. Although a treaty had been signed and honored by the Shawnee, there were other Indian tribes which did not want to honor the agreement. Therefore, as a safety precaution, one would have to presume companies of men would have been garrisoned at forts on the Ohio River as a first line of defense in the event these tribes chose to renew their raids. Within Connolly's command was Lieutenant David Enoch, brother of Henry Enoch. Recall Henry had built a blockhouse on Ten Mile Creek about 1770. The length of service of Lieutenant Enoch, for which he was paid 79 pounds and 10 shillings, was 132 days.[1] Serving in Enoch's Company was Sergeant Zophar Ball, the same Sergeant who served in Joseph Mitchell's Company. Private Peter Nieswanger later reported he had first served under Captain Peter Helphinstone before being assigned to David Enoch's Company. Those men appearing on the rosters of both Joseph Mitch ell's Company and David Enoch's Company were: Daniel Stark, Christopher Stark, John Reese, Reese Gaddis, William Carter, Abraham Sutton/Suttin, Phillip Vavell/Varvill, George Keaner/ Kinder, John Henry, Micheal Spencer, William Morris, Elijah Morris, Archibald Morris, and Alexander Keith. Of the thirty-four privates in Enoch's Command, at least fourteen had served with Mitchell. Other names that might have been part of Mitchell's command could have been Sergeant Jonathan Frazee / Private Jonathan Frazer and Private Benjamin Frazee/Frazer). Private James Stark was reported as a member of this command, probably joining after returning to the region with the other Stark Families sometime in November. [Source: Lord Dunmore's Little War of 1774: His Captains and Their Men Who Opened Up Kentucky & the West to American Settlement (2002), by Warren Skidmore with Donna Kaminsky, published by Heritage Books, Inc. (Westminster, Maryland), 2002. Pages 42, 53-54, 66-67.] Where these men may have lived before Dunmore's War has not been fully researched, but circumstance suggest all of the men in Enoch's Command most likely lived between the Ohio and Monongahela Rivers, staying behind to protect their families who were returning to their homes. If David Enoch's pay period started on November 1, 1774 and ended 132 days later, then the men in his company served until about March 12, 1775. While the above has not established a place of residency for the Stark Family after 1772, the brothers participation in Dunmore's War suggests they were living between the Monongahela and Ohio Rivers at the time of the massacre of Chief Logan's relatives at Baker's Cabin on April 30, 1774. Their service in Mitchell's Company would seem to imply they came from Frederick County, Virginia, the regional name given to their Regiment commanded by William Crawford. However, the historical account clearly reveals Crawford was a Westmoreland County official on April 30, being appointed a Major in the Virginia militia after April 30. Therefore, it would seem reasonable to expect men under his command were not all residents of Frederick County. Many were probably members of the local militias that assembled at Stewart's Crossing, Pittsburgh, and Wheeling. 56 Part 3: Daniel Stark: His Life, Family, & Descendants Chapter 5: Daniel & Elizabeth (Wells) Stark An even more compelling reason for believing they lived in the region was their service under Lieutenant David Enoch. The Enoch family was documented living on Ten Mile Creek by 1772 and historical accounts report they had build a blockhouse only two miles from the Monongahela River on that same creek. One could easily speculate David Enoch's men lived near the Blockhouse, providing protection in that region against Indian attacks, and that these same men had served earlier in Joseph Mitchell's Command. If this were true, then the men in Enoch's command could have been living near the blockhouse. This would be only one of several possibilities, for they could have also garrisoned any of the several forts built along the Ohio River. What is known for sure is James Stark, Daniel Stark, Christopher Stark, and William Wood were paid at Fort Pitt for their service in Dunmore's War, which would at least suggest they were living near Pittsburgh by October of 1775 and their participation in Dunmore's War further suggests they could have been living over the mountains in the boundary disputed region before April 30, 1774. The publication entitled Pennsylvania Archives,", 3rd Series, Volume 23, has a list of "Rangers of the Frontier" who were paid for active service between the years 1777 to 1783. On page 215 will be found Christopher Stark, Captain Abner Howell, Daniel Stark, John Vinyard, and Thomas Vineyard. On page 216 will be found Captain Abner Howell, Daniel Starks, James Vinyard, Captain Abner Howell (appearing twice on this page), John Vinyard, Thomas Vinyard, Daniel Starks (appearing twice on this page), and James Vinyard (appearing twice on this page). Therefore, men from the Stark, Howell, and Vineyard families appear to have served between 1777 and 1783, although the precise times of service is not known from this publication. In the Pennsylvania Archives," 6th Series, Volume 2, will be found additional entries for these surnames. Page 118 begins the Class Roll of Captain Abner Howell's Company. On page 119, Daniel Stark was listed as 2nd Sergeant; Francis Venin (probably Vineyard) and Christopher were on the 1st Class Roll; on the 2nd Class Roll was John Venard (probably Vineyard); on the 4th Class Roll was Elisha Lacock. On page 120, William Venerd (probably Vineyard) was on the 5th Class Roll; on the 7th Class Roll was John Stark and Joseph Stark; and on the 8th Class Roll was James Veneard (probably Vineyard) and Isaac Lacock. The following men were reported in the 1783 Fallowfield Township, Washington County Tax List:[1] • Wood, William, No land, 3 horses, 6 cows, 8 sheep / Brother-in-law married to sister, Sarah Stark. • Stark, James, 140 acres, 2 horses, 3 cows, 4 sheep / Stark, Jonathan, no land, 1 horse, 2 cows / Stark, Daniel, no land, 2 horses, 2 cows, 3 sheep / Stark, Christopher, no land, 3 horses, 3 cows. The tax list suggests Jonathan [the younger], Daniel, and Christopher Stark were living in Fallowfield Township, most likely near or with William Wood and their brother James Stark. However, Somerset Township was created April 3, 1782, from parts of Fallowfield, Nottingham, Strabane, and Bethlehem. The Washington County Somerset Township Warrantee Map in the Pennsylvania Archives places William Wood's property within this township with its eastern boundary on the line between Somerset and Fallowfield Townships. The 1783 tax list provides the best documented evidence of the place of residence in 1783 of these men with the surname Stark and suggests their probable place of residence prior to that year. In 1786, James Stark, Jonathan Stark, Daniel Stark, Christopher Stark, Joseph Stark, and John Stark were reported on the Nelson County, Virginia (later became Kentucky) tax list.[2] Reverend William Wood moved his family from Pennsylvania (departing from Devore's Ferry on the Monongahela River, about halfway between Redstone and Pittsburgh), down the Ohio River, landing at Limestone, Fayette County, Virginia (later Kentucky), around noon on December 31, 1784. The Limestone Baptist Church, with the Reverend William Wood as minister, was organized early in 1785. The charter members were William Wood, Sarah Wood, James Turner, John Smith, Luther Colvin, Priscilla Colvin, Charles Tucker, Sarah Tucker and Sarah Stark.[3] Charter member Sarah (Lacock) Stark was the mother of Sarah (Stark) Wood. Other members of this Church had been residents of Washington County — some living near Pigeon Creek . In 1787, all of the brothers were reported living in Nelson County for Daniel Stark and his son, Jonathan D. Stark were reported on the tithable list of James Rogers. James and Christopher were on the tithable list of David Cox, his district approximately in the same location as the previous years, probably northern Nelson County and the southern part of present day Spencer County. Apparently, Joseph had moved further south, most likely down Froman Creek towards Bardstown. He appears on the 1787 tithable list of Gabriel Cox, his district located immediately north of Bardstown. James Stark was a resident of Nelson County, appearing on the Nelson County tax list of Gabriel Cox in 1792 — the list compiled in November of 1792 . Reported was James with 142 acres and one male over 21 living in the home. February 11, 1792, a bond was made in Nelson County for Jonathan J. Stark — son of James — to marry Rachel Stark (daughter of Daniel Stark). The consent of both fathers was required and a witness was Jonathan D. Stark; a brother of Rachel and son of Daniel Stark. Therefore, both of these families were still living in Nelson County as late as February of 1792.From 1788 thru 1791, James, Daniel, Joseph, Christopher, and John are reported on the tithable list of Joshua Hobbs, his district described as the same general area as that of David and Gabriel Cox. Jonathan Stark [the younger] continued to live near Elizabethtown until late 1791 or early 1792, when he apparently removed to the Cox Creek region. ______ 1) Raymond Martin Bell, Washington County, Pennsylvania Tax Records 1783. Paper by this title stamped R. M. Bell, 1506 1st Ave. N. Apt. 3, Coralville, IA, 52241-1125. 2) URL: http//ftp.rootsweb.com/pub/usgenweb/ky/nelson/taxlists/taxes/nelson1.txt. TAXLIST Nelson County Tithes 1785-1791, Nelson County, Kentucky. Transcribed by Mary Yoder, [email protected]; Date 11 Oct 2000. 3) Unpublished Lyman C. Draper Manuscript notes, Series 8BB. These notes provide interviews and letters by Christopher Stark Wood, John G. Wood and the sons of their brother William, and other relatives. Contributed by Debbie Nordyke File, [email protected]
57 Part 3: Daniel Stark: His Life, Family, & Descendants Chapter 5: Daniel & Elizabeth (Wells) Stark
Joseph Stark, Daniel Stark, and his son Jacob appear on the 1792 tax list of Shelby County. Because all of Nelson County was south of the Salt River before and after the formation of Shelby County, these families evidently had moved to a location in Shelby County which is north of the Salt River. The 1794 Shelby County tax list of Thomas Shannon Esq. reveals Joseph Stark owned 398 acres on are near Elk Creek and a later deed reports this property had boundaries on Elk Creek and Wolf Creek — a tributary of Brashear's Creek with a western branch that came near Elk Creek north of Taylorsville . This may have been where Joseph and Daniel moved and as we will see, were later joined by James, Christopher, and John. Listed on the 1794 Shelby County tax list were James, Christopher, Daniel, John, and Joseph Stark. Now living in Shelby County between Elk Creek and Wolf Creek, the five remaining brothers would live in this region until 1799. James was on the Shelby County Tax list that year and would remain in Shelby County until he died in 1821. On June 1, 1799, Henry County began operation as a new County, created from the northern portion of Shelby County. Beginning in 1800, the following men with the surname Stark appeared on the Henry County Tax Lists. Daniel Stark was first reported as a resident of Henry County in 1800 and was on the tax list every year through 1809. His son, Abraham, appears with Daniel in the 1800 and 1801 record; is absent or not reported in 1802 and 1803; reappears in 1805; was again absent in 1803 through 1807; and was a resident again in 1808. Another son, Charles Stark, was reported as a resident in 1802, probably the year he reached the age of 21; and was reported every year after through 1809. Daniel Stark (Junior) was reported: 1800; 1801; ----; 1803; 1804; ----; ----; ----; 1808; being absent or not reported as shown. David Stark was reported: 1800; 1801; ----; 1803; 1804; 1805; 1806; 1807; 1808; 1809. Jacob Stark was reported: 1801; 1802; 1803; 1804; 1805; 1806; 1807; 1808. Jonathan D. Stark was reported: 1800; 1801; ----; 1803; 1804; ----; ----; ----; ----; ----. In 1800, Joseph, Daniel, Christopher, and John were reported living on the patent of John Craig, located on Floyd's Fork. A later deed further suggests all of these men were living in approximately the same location near or on Floyd's Fork.
"10 Jan 1808 Charles Lynch to Daniel Smith for $400 ... land in Henry Co. on the waters of Floyds Fork 146 1/2a part of a 1350a patented to Dr. John Knight bounded as follows ... corner to John Stark ... with Daniel Stark's line ... corner to Joseph Stark ... Jno Starks corner ... Signed by Chs. Lynch by Wm. Taylor atto. in fact for sd Lynch ... Ack by Will Taylor attorney in fact for Charles Lynch ..." [Source: 1808 Henry County, Kentucky; Deed Book 3, page 474] The tax list clearly reveals Joseph, Christopher, Daniel, and John were residents of Henry County after October of 1799 — the last year they appeared on the Shelby County, Tax List . The 1808 Deed provides proof Joseph, Daniel, and John were living in close proximity to each other in that year. February 17,1807, their was a Henry County, Kentucky bond for marriage of James Edwards to Mary Stark, consent given by Mary's parents, Daniel and Elizabeth Stark, and witnessed by her brother, Jacob Stark. Daniel was not recorded in the 1810 census record for Henry County, suggesting he had moved elsewhere. The following deed suggests they had moved from Kentucky to the Indiana Territory after the 1809 tax list was composed:
Dec 4: Know all men by these presents that we Daniel and Elizabeth Stark do pay unto Jacob and Charles Stark the Plantation whereupon we now Live Signed: Daniel Stark senr.; Elizabeth X Stark her mark. Wit: Abraham Stark. Abraham Stark ack.: 14 Mar 1811 / 1810 Dec 4: Know all men by these presents that we Jacob and Charles Stark do bind ourselves our heirs &c pay unto our father and mother Daniel and Elizabeth Stark a Good comfortable maintenance as long as they live, it being for value Received of them as witness our hands and seals this day and date above mentioned. Signed: Jacob Stark, Charles Stark. Wit: Abraham Stark. Jacob and Charles Stark ack. their signatures 14 Mar 1811 [Clark Co, IN DB 6:97-98]
This deed suggests Daniel and perhaps Elizabeth were in poor health. We can say with certainty Daniel and Elizabeth were living December 4, 1810. The acknowledgments of the deed occurring in March of 1811 may suggest both had passed by this date. Let us now turn to the children of Daniel and Elizabeth.
58 Part 3: Daniel Stark: His Life, Family, & Descendants Chapter 6: Children of Daniel & Elizabeth (Wells) Stark
Chapter 6 Descendants of Daniel & Elizabeth (Wells) Stark Three Generations
Generation 1 1 . DANIEL 1 STARK was born before 1746 in Morris County, New Jersey. He died after 1810 in Clark, Indiana, USA. He married Elizabeth Unknown before 1768 in Possibly Loudoun County, Virginia.
Daniel Stark and Elizabeth Wells had the following children: 2. i. JONATHAN D. 2 STARK was born on May 14, 1768 in Washington, Pennsylvania, USA. He died on May 06, 1828 in Scott County, Indiana. He married Rachel Devore on August 30, 1794 in Shelby, Kentucky, USA. She was born in 1775 in Pennsylvania, USA. She died in 1852 in Clark, Indiana, USA. 3. ii. JACOB STARK was born about 1771 in Loudoun County, Virginia. He died on December 28, 1828 in Washington County, Indiana. He married (1) MARGARET STARK, daughter of James Stark and Hannah Unknown on December 22, 1794 in Shelby, Kentucky, USA. She was born after 1774 in Probably Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania. She died about 1808 in Nelson County, Kentucky. He married (2) NANCY ANNE ROBINSON on February 15, 1809 in Clark, Indiana, USA. She was born about 1789. 4. iii. RACHEL STARK was born about 1772 in Loudoun County, Virginia. She died about 1820. She married Jonathan J. Stark, son of James Stark and Hannah Unknown on February 11, 1792 in Nelson County, Kentucky. He was born about 1773 in Probably Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania. He died after 1850 in Clay, Indiana, USA. iv. ELIZABETH STARK was born about 1774 in Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania (later Washington County, PA). She married James Swayze on January 28, 1794 in Shelby, KY. 5. v. DAVID STARK was born on May 19, 1775 in West District of Augusta, Augusta County, Virginia (later Washington County, PA). He died on November 05, 1857 in Scott, Indiana, USA. He married (1) EDITH "EDDY" STARK, daughter of John Stark and Elizabeth Eddy on March 18, 1845 in Scott, Indiana, USA. She was born in 1799 in Kentucky. She died before 1880. He married (2) MARY STARK, daughter of Joseph Stark and Hannah Unknown on May 28, 1801 in Henry County, Kentucky. She was born on March 23, 1781 in Amwell Township, Washington County, Pennsylvania. She died on April 16, 1844 in Clark, Indiana, USA. 6. vi. DANIEL STARK was born about 1777 in Loudoun County, Virginia. He died in 1847 in Indiana, USA. He married Rebeckah Arnold on July 12, 1800 in Henry County, Kentucky. 7. vii. ISAAC STARK was born about 1779 in Yohogania County, Virginia (later Washington County, PA). He married Ruth Stark, daughter of Christopher Stark and Martha Vineyard on March 04, 1806 in Henry, Kentucky, USA. She was born on March 06, 1786 in Nelson County, Virginia (later Kentucky). 8. viii. ABRAHAM STARK was born on February 14, 1781 in Amswell Township., Washington County, Pennsylvania. He died on February 03, 1857 in Lewis Township., Clay County, Indiana. He married Sarah Stark, daughter of Christopher Stark and Martha Vineyard on June 06, 1798 in Shelby, Kentucky, USA. She was born on March 14, 1779 in Washington, Pennsylvania, USA. She died on April 01, 1851 in Clay, Indiana, USA. 9. ix. CHARLES STARK was born about 1782 in Washington, Pennsylvania, USA. He died before August 30, 1845 in Vernon Township, Jackson County, Indiana. He married Elizabeth Bayes on March 11, 1806 in Henry, Kentucky, USA. She was born about 1790 in North Carolina. She died before 1859 in Edgar County, Illinois. x. MARY STARK was born about 1784 in Washington, Pennsylvania. She married James Edwards on February 17, 1807 in Henry, Kentucky, USA.
59 Part 3: Daniel Stark: His Life, Family, & Descendants Chapter 6: Children of Daniel & Elizabeth (Wells) Stark
Generation 2
2. JONATHAN D. 2 STARK (Daniel 1 ) was born on May 14, 1768 in Washington, Pennsylvania, USA. He died on May 06, 1828 in Scott County, Indiana. He married Rachel Devore on August 30, 1794 in Shelby, Kentucky, USA. She was born in 1775 in Pennsylvania, USA. She died in 1852 in Clark, Indiana, USA.
Jonathan D. Stark and Rachel Devore had the following children: i. SAMUEL 3 STARK was born between 1790-1800. He died in 1850 in Jackson County, Indiana. He married (1) ANNA MCCLEARY on January 22, 1818 in Clark, Indiana, USA. She died before 1840. He married (2) SARAH ANDERSON after 1840. She was born about 1815 in North Carolina. ii. ELI STARK was born about 1795 in Shelby, Kentucky, USA. He died on September 05, 1838 in Scott, Indiana, USA. He married Mary "Polly" Stark, daughter of Jacob Stark and Margaret Stark on September 21, 1815 in Clark, Indiana. She was born about 1799 in Kentucky. She died after 1860 in Gentry County, Missouri. iii. JOEL STARK was born about 1799. He died before 1828 in Scott, Indiana, USA. He married Unknown Rose about 1822. iv. RHODA STARK was born about 1800. She married James Dean on November 21, 1818 in Clark, Indiana. v. JANE STARK was born about 1802. She died in 1830 in Scott, Indiana, USA. She married James M. McGuire on May 15, 1825 in Scott, Indiana, USA. He died in 1829 in Scott, Indiana, USA. vi. COZAD STARK was born on January 25, 1804 in Kentucky, USA. He died on January 25, 1884 in Scott, Indiana, USA. He married (1) CATHERINE DUNLAP on December 17, 1823 in Scott, Indiana, USA. She was born in 1806. She died in 1842 in Vienna Twp, Scott, Indiana. He married (2) MARGARET JANE WEIR BOOMER on October 08, 1846 in Washington, Indiana. She was born on April 25, 1811 in SC. She died on April 04, 1888 in Scott, Indiana, USA. vii. ELIUB STARK was born about 1807 in Indiana, USA. He died after 1870 in Probably Clark County, Indiana. He married Perena Sharp on April 19, 1828 in Scott, Indiana, USA. She was born on February 23, 1813. She died on October 12, 1848 in Scott, Indiana, USA.
3. JACOB 2 STARK (Daniel 1 ) was born about 1771 in Loudoun County, Virginia. He died on December 28, 1828 in Washington County, Indiana. He married (1) MARGARET STARK , daughter of James Stark and Hannah Unknown on December 22, 1794 in Shelby, Kentucky, USA. She was born after 1774 in Probably Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania. She died about 1808 in Nelson County, Kentucky. He married (2) NANCY ANNE ROBINSON on February 15, 1809 in Clark, Indiana, USA. She was born about 1789.
Jacob Stark and Margaret Stark had the following children: i. ABNER 3 STARK was born in 1792 in Kentucky. He died on June 18, 1843 in Clark, Indiana, USA. He married Rebecca Dickey on January 03, 1813 in Clark, Indiana, USA. She was born in 1795 in North Carolina. She died on November 15, 1857 in Clark, Illinois, USA. ii. WILLIAM STARK was born on November 09, 1795 in Shelby, Kentucky, USA. He died on April 07, 1874 in Mt. Airy, Randolph County, Missouri. He married Catherine Goodman on August 12, 1824. She was born on September 16, 1803 in Albemarle County, Virginia. She died on August 28, 1890 in Randolph County, Missouri. iii. MAHLON STARK was born about 1798 in Kentucky. He died in 1859 in Mercer County, Missouri. He married Sarah Manning on September 23, 1821 in Washington, Indiana. She was born in 1802 in Virginia. iv. MARY "POLLY" STARK was born about 1799 in Kentucky. She died after 1860 in Gentry County, Missouri. She married Eli Stark, son of Jonathan D. Stark and Rachel Devore on September 21, 1815 in Clark, Indiana. He was born about 1795 in Shelby, Kentucky, USA. He died on September 05, 1838 in Scott, Indiana, USA. v. ANNA STARK was born on January 25, 1800 in Nelson, Kentucky. She died on April 03, 1887 in Clark, Indiana, USA. She married Thomas Frazier on March 20, 1821 in Shelby, Kentucky, USA. He was born on February 01, 1796 in Virginia. He died on April 10, 1897 in Clark, Illinois, USA. iv. MARGARET STARK was born about 1802 in Nelson, Kentucky. She married Nathaniel Noland on October 22, 1823 in Washington County, Indiana. He was born about 1802. vii. ELIZABETH STARK was born about 1803 in Nelson County, Kentucky. She died in 1840 in Grandview, Edgar County, ILlinois. She married (1) DANIEL BENNETT on April 01, 1824 in Spencer County, Kentucky. He was born in 1800. He died in 1834 in ClarkCounty, Illinois. She married (2) PHILIP BOYER on January 15, 1836 in Grandview, Edgar, IL; Quality: 2. He was born about 1795 in German Twp, Fayette, PA; 2. He died on July 15, 1864 in Grandview, Edgar, IL; 2. viii. AARON STARK was born about 1808 in Kentucky. He married Matilda Boswell on July 29, 1828 in Spencer County, Kentucky. She was born about 1808 in Kentucky.
60 Part 3: Daniel Stark: His Life, Family, & Descendants Chapter 6: Children of Daniel & Elizabeth (Wells) Stark Jacob Stark and Nancy Anne Robinson had the following children: ix. JACOB STARK was born in 1811 in Clark, Indiana, USA. He died in November 1901 in Vernon Township, Washington County, Indiana. He married (1) REBECCA CHASTAIN on June 23, 1831 in Washington, Indiana. She was born in 1815 in Clark, Indiana. She died in 1851 in Vernon Twp, Washington, Indiana. He married (2) SUSAN CARL on September 03, 1889 in Vernon Twp, Washington, Indiana. She died about 1899 in Vernon Twp, Washington, Indiana. He married (3) CATHERINE WILSON on October 22, 1851 in Washington, Indiana. She was born before 1830. She died before 1880 in Washington, Indiana. x. PLEASANT STARK was born on December 01, 1812 in Kentucky. He died on December 13, 1878 in Jackson Township, St. Clair County, Missouri. He married Sarah Toney on December 01, 1831 in Washington County, Indiana. She was born in 1812 in Virginia. She died on December 13, 1882 in Jackson Township, St. Clair County, Missouri. xi. CYNTHIA STARK was born on March 24, 1813 in Clark, Indiana. She died on December 07, 1890 in Washington, Indiana. She married Barnett Chastain on June 10, 1834 in Washington, Indiana. He was born on December 30, 1814 in Henry, Kentucky, USA. He died on July 31, 1896 in Washington, Indiana. xii. CALVIN STARK was born about 1814 in Clark, Indiana. He married Mary Noland on July 21, 1834 in Putnam, Indiana. She was born about 1814. xiii. DAVID STARK was born about 1816 in Clark, Indiana. He died on August 02, 1854 in Jackson, MO. He married Sarah Wilson on January 10, 1843 in Jackson, MO. She was born about 1820 in Kentucky, USA. She died before 1900 in KS. xiv. CALEB STARK was born on June 27, 1818 in Washington County, Indiana. He died after 1880. He married Anna Ousley on December 22, 1842 in Cass County, Missouri. She was born on January 24, 1827 in Indiana, USA. She died on April 12, 1873. xv. CHRISTIAN STARK was born about 1819 in Washington, Indiana. He married Catharine Chastain on December 24, 1845 in Orange, Indiana. She was born in 1826.
4. RACHEL 2 STARK (Daniel 1 ) was born about 1772 in Loudoun County, Virginia. She died about 1820. She married Jonathan J. Stark, son of James Stark and Hannah Unknown on February 11, 1792 in Nelson County, Kentucky. He was born about 1773 in Probably Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania. He died after 1850 in Clay, Indiana, USA.
Jonathan J. Stark and Rachel Stark had the following children: i. MOSES 3 STARK was born on January 09, 1793 in Nelson County, Kentucky. He died on October 24, 1860 in Texas County, Missouri. He married Sally McCleary on March 18, 1813 in Clark, Indiana, USA. She was born about 1794 in Kentucky or Pennsylvania. ii. ENOCH STARK was born on January 24, 1794 in Kentucky. He married Gilly Carril on February 22, 1816 in Clark, Indiana. She was born on February 25, 1800. She died on May 01, 1850 in Indiana, USA.
5. DAVID 2 STARK (Daniel 1 ) was born on May 19, 1775 in West District of Augusta, Augusta County, Virginia (later Washington County, PA). He died on November 05, 1857 in Scott, Indiana, USA. He married (1) EDITH "EDDY" STARK , daughter of John Stark and Elizabeth Eddy on March 18, 1845 in Scott, Indiana, USA. She was born in 1799 in Kentucky. She died before 1880. He married (2) MARY STARK , daughter of Joseph Stark and Hannah Unknown on May 28, 1801 in Henry County, Kentucky. She was born on March 23, 1781 in Amwell Township, Washington County, Pennsylvania. She died on April 16, 1844 in Clark, Indiana, USA. David Stark and Mary Stark had the following children: i. CALEB 3 STARK was born on July 29, 1806 in Kentucky, USA. He died on October 20, 1852 in Appanoose, IA. He married Rhoda Burney on December 23, 1830 in Scott, Indiana, USA. She was born on May 20, 1810 in Kentucky, USA. She died on December 13, 1893 in Appanoose, IA. ii. HANNAH STARK was born on May 30, 1808. iii. MARY ANN M. STARK was born in 1812 in Clark, Indiana. She died on July 28, 1835 in Scott, Indiana, USA. iv. PHILIP STARK was born on August 22, 1814 in Clark, Indiana. He died in 1887 in Appanoose, IA. He married Nancy Stark, daughter of Stephen Venard Stark and Hannah Alexander Purcell on March 05, 1834 in Washington, Indiana. She was born on November 16, 1813 in Henry, Kentucky, USA. She died on January 24, 1892 in Appanoose, IA. v. WILLIAM STARK was born on May 24, 1815 in Kentucky, USA. vi. DAVID STARK was born on May 02, 1817 in Clark, Indiana. vii. NELSON STARK was born on May 31, 1819 in Clark, Indiana, USA. He died on March 29, 1900 in Scott, Indiana, USA. He married Mary Ann Staples on March 14, 1844 in Clark, Indiana. She was born on December 17, 1824 in Indiana, USA. She died on February 23, 1899 in Scott, Indiana, USA.
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6. DANIEL 2 STARK (Daniel 1 ) was born about 1777 in Loudoun County, Virginia. He died in 1847 in Indiana, USA. He married Rebeckah Arnold on July 12, 1800 in Henry County, Kentucky. Daniel Stark and Rebeckah Arnold had the following children: i. LEVI 3 STARK was born between 1800-1810 in Henry County, Kentucky. ii. DANIEL ALVIN STARK was born on November 27, 1802 in Henry County, Kentucky. He died on February 18, 1858 in Scott, Indiana, USA. He married Mary Trulock on October 28, 1824 in Scott, Indiana, USA. She was born about 1804. iii. MARY "POLLY" STARK was born between 1818-1822 in Indiana or Kentucky. She died in 1855 in Jefferson, Indiana, USA. She married Charles Hoding on August 29, 1837 in Scott, Indiana, USA. He was born on July 03, 1808 in Boston, Lincolnshire, England. He died in 1892 in Madison, Jefferson County, Indiana.
7. ISAAC 2 STARK (Daniel 1 ) was born about 1779 in Yohogania County, Virginia (later Washington County, PA). He married Ruth Stark, daughter of Christopher Stark and Martha Vineyard on March 04, 1806 in Henry, Kentucky, USA. She was born on March 06, 1786 in Nelson County, Virginia (later Kentucky). Isaac Stark and Ruth Stark had the following children: i. PHEBE 3 STARK was born about 1807. She married John Slater on April 19, 1827 in Putnam, Indiana. ii. LEVI STARK. He married Matilda [Unknown] before 1827. iii. WILLIAM STARK. He married Euphania Palmer on November 09, 1843 in Putnam, Indiana. iv. MARY ANN STARK. She married James Clark on November 06, 1846 in Putnam, Indiana. v. JAMES STARK. vi. THOMAS STARK.
8. ABRAHAM 2 STARK (Daniel 1 ) was born on February 14, 1781 in Amswell Township., Washington County, Pennsylvania. He died on February 03, 1857 in Lewis Township., Clay County, Indiana. He married Sarah Stark, daughter of Christopher Stark and Martha Vineyard on June 06, 1798 in Shelby, Kentucky, USA. She was born on March 14, 1779 in Washington, Pennsylvania, USA. She died on April 01, 1851 in Clay, Indiana, USA. Abraham Stark and Sarah Stark had the following children: i. REBECCA 3 STARK was born on April 10, 1799 in Shelby, Kentucky, USA. She died in 1897 in WA. She married Peter George Chastain about 1816 in Sullivan, Indiana. He was born on November 28, 1795 in Franklin County, Virginia. He died on February 24, 1852 in Lewis Twp, Clay County, Indiana. ii. ALEATHE STARK was born on November 19, 1800 in Shelby County, Indiana. She died in Clermont County, Ohio. She married William Manning on February 19, 1817 in Washington County, Indiana. He was born about 1800. He died in Clermont County, Ohio. iii. JESSE ABRAHAM STARK was born on July 29, 1802 in Shelby, Kentucky, USA. He died on October 15, 1877 in Webster, Iowa, USA. He married Sarah Bates on March 09, 1820 in Shelby, Kentucky, USA. She was born on June 14, 1802 in Kentucky, USA. She died on February 01, 1881 in Monticello, Jones, Iowa, USA. iv. WILLIAM STARK was born on February 05, 1804 in Kentucky, USA. He died after 1870 in Jennings, Scott, Indiana, USA. He married Keziah Kindle or Kendall on March 28, 1825 in Orange, Indiana, USA. She was born about 1806 in Kentucky, USA. She died after 1870 in Jennings, Scott, Indiana, USA. v. EMILIA "EMILY" ELIZABETH STARK was born in 1806 in Kentucky, USA. She died after 1850. She married Sanford Kendall on August 24, 1824 in Washington, Indiana, USA. He was born between 1800-1810. He died between 1846-1850. vi. STEPHEN D. STARK was born on February 28, 1808 in Henry, Kentucky, USA. He died on August 03, 1869 in Story, Iowa, USA. He married Elizabeth Waggoner on August 02, 1827 in Vernon Township, Washington County, Indiana. She was born on October 06, 1810 in Kentucky. She died on April 13, 1890 in Story, Iowa, USA. vii. DANIEL MCDANIEL STARK was born on September 25, 1809 in Clark, Indiana, USA. He died on July 23, 1881 in Pimento, Vigo County, Indiana. He married (1) LUCY ANN HARRIS on April 24, 1870 in Vigo, Indiana, USA. She was born in 1817 in Ohio, USA. She died after 1880. He married (2) PATIENCE WELCH on March 31, 1831 in Vigo, Indiana, USA. She was born on April 02, 1807 in Miami, Ohio. She died on September 19, 1869 in Pimento, Vigo County, Indiana. viii. ELISHA S. STARK was born on June 20, 1811 in Kentucky. He died before 1870 in Probably Linn County, Missouri. He married Nancy Stark, daughter of Jonathan J. Stark and Mary "Polly" Unknown on September 04, 1834 in Scott, Indiana, USA. She was born about 1817 in Indiana, USA. She died on November 07, 1888 in Louisville, Clay County, Illinois. ix. PHEBE STARK was born on January 07, 1813 in Butler County, Kentucky. She died before 1855 in Clay, Indiana, USA. She married Joshua Carman Stark Senior, son of Jonathan J. Stark and Mary "Polly" Unknown on August 06, 1837 in Scott, Indiana, USA. He was born in 1820 in Scott, Indiana, USA. He died after 1880 in Probably Illinois.
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x. RICE MCCOY STARK was born on December 01, 1814 in Kentucky, USA. He died on June 06, 1874 in Vigo, Indiana, USA. He married (1) DORCAS WHITAKER on November 14, 1837 in Vigo, Indiana, USA. She was born in 1821 in Kentucky, USA. She died before 1857. He married (2) NANCY MARIA CHRIST on September 24, 1857 in Clay, Indiana, USA. She was born on November 23, 1827 in Elk Creek, Shelby, Kentucky. She died on October 28, 1910 in Coalmont, Clay, Indiana, USA. xi. JAMES F. STARK was born about 1816 in Indiana, USA. He died about 1855 in Sullivan County, Indiana. He married Lucinda Unknown about 1836 in Probably Indiana. She was born in 1820 in Indiana, USA. She died after 1860. xii. ISAAC STARK was born on September 12, 1822 in Greene County, Indiana. He died on March 02, 1912 in Norman, Kearney County, Nebraska. He married Elizabeth Ann Richey on November 13, 1845 in Sullivan, Indiana, USA. She was born on May 01, 1829 in Indiana, USA. She died on December 24, 1905 in Ragan, Harlan County, Nebraska.
9. CHARLES 2 STARK (Daniel 1 ) was born about 1782 in Washington, Pennsylvania, USA. He died before August 30, 1845 in Vernon Township, Jackson County, Indiana. He married Elizabeth Bayes on March 11, 1806 in Henry, Kentucky, USA. She was born about 1790 in North Carolina. She died before 1859 in Edgar County, Illinois. Charles Stark and Elizabeth Bayes had the following children: i. SAMUEL A. 3 STARK was born about 1810. He died on April 16, 1847 in Jackson, Indiana. He married Sarah Ann Pruitt on December 07, 1835 in Scott, Indiana, USA. ii. AARON STARK was born about 1812. He died before 1847 in Wapello, IA. He married Nancy Sowder on August 09, 1832 in Jackson, Indiana. She died after 1870. iii. MALINDA STARK. iv. NATHANIEL BAYS STARK was born on February 22, 1807 in Henry, Kentucky, USA. He died on April 04, 1864 in Edgar, Illinois, USA. He married (1) MARGARET COONS on August 10, 1837 in Scott, Indiana, USA. She was born on June 07, 1814 in Kentucky, USA. She died on February 09, 1877 in Chautauqua, KS. He married (2) MARY ANN COONS on October 10, 1831 in Scott, Indiana, USA. She was born before 1811. She died before 1836. v. SANFORD B. STARK was born about 1809 in Kentucky. He died before 1885 in Elk City, Howard County, Kansas. He married (1) N ANCY S TARK on September 21, 1849 in Scott, Indiana, USA. She was born in 1819 in Indiana, USA. He married (2) L UCINDA P RUITT on September 06, 1826 in Scott, Indiana, USA. vi. WASHINGTON STARK was born in 1815 in Kentucky. He died on November 29, 1899 in Kansas Township, Edgar County, Illinois. He married Margaret Jane Stark, daughter of Eli Stark and Mary "Polly" Stark on February 05, 1836 in Scott, Indiana, USA. She was born about 1818 in Indiana, USA. She died before 1880 in Probably Edgar County, Illinois. vii. REBECCA STARK was born on October 31, 1817 in Indiana, USA. She died in 1907 in Meeker, Lincoln County, Oklahoma. She married Jonathan A. Stark on January 14, 1839 in Scott, Indiana, USA. He was born in 1815 in Indiana, USA. viii. JOSIAH MCGUIRE STARK was born in 1819 in Indiana, USA. He died on November 21, 1871 in Dolson Twp, Clark, IL. He married Nancy Dean, daughter of James Dean and Rhoda Stark on August 01, 1839 in Scott, Indiana, USA. She was born about 1820 in Indiana, USA. She died after 1880. ix. CHARLES WILLIAM STARK JR. was born on December 25, 1822 in Scott, Indiana, USA. He died on October 09, 1896 in Salt Creek Twp, Chautauqua, KS. He married (1) POLLY MALINDA STARK, daughter of Eli Stark and Mary "Polly" Stark on September 29, 1849 in Scott, Indiana, USA. She was born in 1832 in Indiana, USA. She died before 1860 in Edgar, Illinois, USA. He married (2) MARTHA JANE HENSON on May 21, 1860 in Edgar, Illinois, USA. She was born in 1832 in Edgar, Illinois, USA. She died on May 18, 1904 in Salt Creek Twp, Chautauqua, KS. x. ELIZABETH JANE STARK was born about 1828 in Indiana, USA. She married Daniel Dean, son of James Dean and Rhoda Stark on October 04, 1841 in Scott, Indiana, USA.
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Chapter 7 Joseph Stark Biography
Joseph Stark was most likely born before 1746 in Morris County, New Jersey. His given name probably came from his grandfather, Joseph Lacock. He first appears in the record in 1767 in Loudon County, Virginia with his brothers. James Hamilton's list reported Nathan Lacock, Joseph Stark, Abner Howell, and James Stark with two tithables, the other being William Stark between 16 and 21 years of age. [1] Joseph Stark, listed on the next line of the tithable or under the line reporting James and William, was clearly living in close proximity to James and was 21 years of age or older. Logic would suggest he was also a brother. All three appeared to be living in the same general area as Nathan Lacock, which suggest he was their Uncle and brother of Sarah Stark, the widow mentioned in the 1765 probate record of Jonathan Stark. If the arguments are sufficient to consider Daniel, Joseph, and William were related to James Stark, then possible years of birth can be determined from the tithable data. James was born before 1739. Jonathan Stark [the younger], probably younger than James, was born between 1740 and 1747. Because Joseph and Daniel were over twenty-one, they were born before 1746, and were probably younger than Jonathan, suggesting they could have been born between 1740 and 1746. The original records of the 1768 tithable lists clearly illustrate James Stark, William Stark, Joseph Stark, and William Lacock were living in very close proximity to each other. Except for James Stark, four of the brothers were not recorded as residents of Loudoun County in 1769. Christopher and Joseph reappeared in the tithable list in 1770. After 1770, the Stark surnames of interest begin to disappear from the Loudoun County records. Joseph Stark's name does appeared in the Loudoun County Court minutes March 14, 1770. Daniel Hart sued Joseph for a note of hand. This case was dismissed as neither appeared.[2] This would be Joseph's last records in Loudoun County, suggesting he and his brothers had moved elsewhere by 1771 or 1772 at the latest. Joseph most likely married Hannah (Unknown) between 1773 and 1778.[3] Joseph next appears in the record as a participant in the Revolutionary War. In the Pennsylvania Archives," 6th Series, Volume 2, page 118 begins the Class Roll of Captain Abner Howell's Company. On page 120, William Venerd (probably Vineyard) was on the 5th Class Roll; on the 7th Class Roll was John Stark and Joseph Stark; and on the 8th Class Roll was James Veneard (probably Vineyard) and Isaac Lacock. Joseph's place of residence (consisting of 240 acres) in 1783 was Amwell Township, where he was reported on the Washington County, Pennsylvania tax list.[4] In 1786, James Stark, Jonathan Stark, Daniel Stark, Christopher Stark, Joseph Stark, and John Stark were reported on the Nelson County, Virginia (later became Kentucky) tax list.[5] ______ 1) James Stark of Stafford County, Virginia And His Descendants, Volume 1, page 1271. Compiled by Mary Kathryn Harris & Mary Iva Jean Jorgensen. Copyright 1985, Privately Printed Fort Worth. For birth of first child of Jonathan Stark and Margaret Ball, see page 1348. 2) Ibid. Volume 1, page 1271. 3) Ann Livingston, Quick Notes on Early Central KY Families (Web Site: http://www.rootsweb.com/~kybullit/bcqnmain.htm), source of day and place of marriage of Rhoda Stark, daughter and oldest child of Joseph & Hannah. [Author's comment: Rhoda was married in 1794 in Shelby County, Kentucky. If she was between 15 and 20 years of age when she married, then she was born between 1774 and 1779.] 4) Raymond Martin Bell, Washington County, Pennsylvania Tax Records 1783. Paper by this title stamped R. M. Bell, 1506 1st Ave. N. Apt. 3, Coralville, IA, 52241-1125. Quote: Stark, Joseph, 240 acres, 2 horses, 2 cows / Stark, John, no land, 2 horses, 2 cows, 6 sheep. 5) URL: http//ftp.rootsweb.com/pub/usgenweb/ky/nelson/taxlists/taxes/nelson1.txt. TAXLIST Nelson County Tithes 1785- 1791, Nelson County, Kentucky. Transcribed by Mary Yoder, [email protected]; Date 11 Oct 2000.
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Joseph Stark and John Stark were reported on the Nelson County tithable list of David Cox in 1785. Joseph was on line 39 of the list and John was on line 40 indicating they were living close together or on the same property. John Stark, about 30 years old in 1785 and newly married with two small children, was the younger brother of Joseph. David Cox's District was described as " on all the waters of Cox's Creek, Simpton Creek Easterly to the County Line northerly of Chaplins Fork ." This provides a clue to where they may have been living. "Simpton Creek "was present day Simpson Creek, a tributary of the Salt River lying to the east of Cox's Creek. James had moved from Rogers Station by the time the tithable list was compiled in 1786; for he and his son William were on the tithable list of David Cox in 1786. David Cox's district in 1786 was described as " from where the County road crossed Salt River on the north side of said road including all the waters of Cox’s Creek ." Therefore, James was living somewhere north of the County Road, east of or on Cox's Creek and south of the Salt River. John, James, and Joseph were all reported living next to each other on this list and living with or near them was Christopher Stark. They may have all been living on the same property where John and Joseph were recorded in 1785, being a large enough family group to provide each other with mutual protection against Indian attacks. In 1787, all of the brothers were reported living in Nelson County for Daniel Stark and his son, Jonathan D. Stark were reported on the tithable list of James Rogers. James and Christopher were on the tithable list of David Cox, his district approximately in the same location as the previous years, probably northern Nelson County and the southern part of present day Spencer County. Apparently, Joseph had moved further south, most likely down Froman Creek towards Bardstown. He appears on the 1787 tithable list of Gabriel Cox, his district located immediately north of Bardstown. Joseph continued to live in Nelson County until 1792. In that year, Joseph Stark, Daniel Stark, and his son Jacob appear on the 1792 tax list of Shelby County. Because all of Nelson County was south of the Salt River before and after the formation of Shelby County, these families evidently had moved to a location in Shelby County which is north of the Salt River. The 1794 Shelby County tax list of Thomas Shannon Esq. reveals Joseph Stark owned 398 acres on are near Elk Creek and a later deed reports this property had boundaries on Elk Creek and Wolf Creek — a of tributary Brashear's Creek with a western branch that came near Elk Creek north of Taylorsville . This may have been where Joseph and Daniel had moved prior to 1794. November 5, 1799, Joseph Stark sold 148 acres to William Burkit, described as on Rogers Run, Cox Creek. This last property adjoined the property of Adam Wells purchased in June of 1798 from Christopher Stark. "Rogers Run," — which cannot be found on a modern map — may have been the creek presently referred to as "Samuel’s Creek," a western tributary of Froman Creek. In 1800, Joseph, Daniel, Christopher, and John were reported living on the patent of John Craig, located on Floyd's Fork. A later deed further suggests all of these men were living in approximately the same location near or on Floyd's Fork.
"10 Jan 1808 Charles Lynch to Daniel Smith for $400 ...land in Henry Co. on the waters of Floyds Fork 146 1/2a part of a 1350a patented to Dr. John Knight bounded as follows ...corner to John Stark ...with Daniel Stark's line ...corner to Joseph Stark ... Jno Starks corner ...Signed by Chs. Lynch by Wm. Taylor atto. in fact for sd Lynch ...Ack by Will Taylor attorney in fact for Charles Lynch ..." [Source: 1808 Henry County, Kentucky; Deed Book 3, page 474]
The Kentucky tax list clearly reveals Joseph, Christopher, Daniel, and John were residents of Henry County after October of 1799 — the last year they appeared on the Shelby County, Tax List . Joseph Stark appeared in the record from 1800 through 1807. He was deceased by January 19, 1808, as reported in the following Henry County deed. Henry Co, KY Court Orders 3:1 At a Court held 19 Jan 1808 "Hannah Stark, widow and relict of Jos.Stark, dcd, came into court together with Richard Wells and Adam Mowrey, her securities, and entered and acknowledged bond in the penalty of L300 for a certificate of administration on the estate of the sd Joseph Stark is granted her in due form of law." The estate was inventoried and appraised and returned to court to be recorded 21 Mar 1808. Reub. Stark, Rhody McDowell, Ab. Stark, Polly Stark and Phil Stark are named on a list of property that has been advanced to a part of the Legatees.
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Joseph Stark Descendants; Three Generations Generation 1
1. JOSEPH 1 STARK was born before 1746 in Morris, New Jersey, USA. He died in 1807 in Henry County, Kentucky. He married Hannah Unknown about 1775 in Loudoun County, Virginia. She was born before 1755. She died before 1821 in Henry County, Kentucky. Joseph Stark and Hannah Unknown had the following children: i. RHODA 2 STARK was born about 1776 in Yohogania County, Virginia (later Washington County, PA). She died before 1830. She married Daniel McDonald on July 07, 1794 in Shelby, Kentucky, USA. He was born about 1775. 2. ii. REUBEN STARK [CA. 1782-1830] was born between 1780-1784 in Washington, Pennsylvania, USA. He died on October 22, 1830 in Henry County, Kentucky. He married Sarah Stephenson on April 22, 1805 in Henry County, Kentucky. She was born about 1785. She died on March 05, 1846 in Henry County, Kentucky. 3. iii. MARY STARK was born on March 23, 1781 in Amwell Township, Washington County, Pennsylvania. She died on April 16, 1844 in Clark, Indiana, USA. She married David Stark, son of Daniel Stark and Elizabeth Unknown on May 28, 1801 in Henry County, Kentucky. He was born on May 19, 1775 in West District of Augusta, Augusta County, Virginia (later Washington County, PA). He died on November 05, 1857 in Scott, Indiana, USA. 4. iv. ABNER STARK was born on October 17, 1786 in Nelson County, Virginia (later Kentucky). He died on March 28, 1843 in Decatur County, Indiana. He married Persis Boone on February 11, 1811 in Shelby, Kentucky, USA. She was born on October 09, 1791 in Shelby, Kentucky, USA. She died on October 14, 1875 in Bloomfield, Davis County, Iowa. 5. v. PHILIP STARK was born on August 13, 1790 in Nelson County, Virginia (later Kentucky). He died on November 28, 1860 in Decatur County, Indiana. He married Elizabeth Robbins on August 24, 1809 in Henry County, Kentucky. She was born on August 18, 1790 in Franklin County, Virginia. She died after 1880 in Union Township, Boone County, Indiana. 6. vi. CALEB STARK was born on July 09, 1793 in Shelby, Kentucky, USA. He died on February 25, 1876 in Adams, Decatur, Indiana, USA. He married Anne E. Boone on January 19, 1815 in Henry County, Kentucky. She was born on November 11, 1797 in Woodford County, Kentucky. She died on March 25, 1883 in Adams, Decatur, Indiana, USA. vii. ANNA STARK was born on February 14, 1795 in Shelby, Kentucky, USA. She died on January 26, 1875 in Vernon Township, Jackson County, Indiana. She married Samuel Hayes on January 19, 1812 in Henry County, Kentucky. He was born on February 20, 1790 in Pennsylvania, USA. He died on March 01, 1875 in Vernon Township, Washington County, Indiana.
Generations 2 & 3 2. REUBEN STARK [CA. 2 1782-1830] (Joseph 1 Stark) was born between 1780-1784 in Washington, Pennsylvania, USA. He died on October 22, 1830 in Henry County, Kentucky. He married Sarah Stephenson on April 22, 1805 in Henry County, Kentucky. She was born about 1785. She died on March 05, 1846 in Henry County, Kentucky. Reuben Stark [Ca. 1782-1830] and Sarah Stephenson had the following children: i. ELIZABETH 3 STARK was born in 1806 in Henry, Kentucky, USA. She died in 1887 in Gentry, MO. She married (1) LEVI BUSH on August 16, 1836 in Henry, Kentucky, USA. He was born about 1797 in Kentucky, USA. He died before 1880 in Gentry, MO. She married (2) THOMAS ADMIRE on May 19, 1825 in Oldham, KY. He was born in 1804 in Oldham, KY. He died in November 1830 in Oldham, KY. ii. WILLIAM STARK was born on February 22, 1806 in Kentucky. He died on February 14, 1849 in Parke, Indiana. He married Rebecca Ragsdale on March 29, 1825 in Floyd, IN. She was born in 1806 in Kentucky, USA. She died on April 08, 1874 in Parke, Indiana. iii. MATILDA STARK was born on July 09, 1807 in Henry, Kentucky, USA. She died on November 15, 1877 in Carrollton, Greene, IL. She married Phillip V. Admire about 1833. He was born on October 07, 1811. He died on November 05, 1878 in Carrollton, Greene, IL. iv. PRESTON STARK was born in 1811 in Henry, Kentucky, USA. He died after 1880 in Louisville, Jefferson, KY. He married Eliza Ann [Unknown] before 1836. She was born in 1813 in Virginia, USA. She died before 1870. v. PAULINA STARK was born about 1818 in Henry, Kentucky, USA. She died before 1870 in Harrison, MO. She married William Hendron on February 09, 1837 in Henry, Kentucky, USA. He was born about 1817. vi. CHARLES ALLEN STARK was born about 1820 in Henry, Kentucky, USA.
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ii. THOMAS CHILTON "SHELTON" STARK was born on January 22, 1823 in Henry, Kentucky, USA. He died on July 29, 1900 in Greene Twp, Parke, IN. He married Mary Ann Aydelotte on August 17, 1843 in Parke, Indiana. She was born on September 17, 1824 in Kentucky, USA. She died on March 24, 1891 in Greene Twp, Parke, IN. iii. JOHN ROWAN STARK was born about 1825 in Henry, Kentucky, USA. He married Margaret Winburn before 1850 in Henry, Kentucky, USA. She was born about 1828. iv. LARINDA ANN STARK was born about 1827 in Henry, IN.
3. MARY 2 STARK (Joseph 1 ) was born on March 23, 1781 in Amwell Township, Washington County, Pennsylvania. She died on April 16, 1844 in Clark, Indiana, USA. She married David Stark, son of Daniel Stark and Elizabeth Unknown on May 28, 1801 in Henry County, Kentucky. He was born on May 19, 1775 in West District of Augusta, Augusta County, Virginia (later Washington County, PA). He died on November 05, 1857 in Scott, Indiana, USA.David Stark and Mary Stark had the following children: i. CALEB 3 STARK was born on July 29, 1806 in Kentucky, USA. He died on October 20, 1852 in Appanoose, IA. He married Rhoda Burney on December 23, 1830 in Scott, Indiana, USA. She was born on May 20, 1810 in Kentucky, USA. She died on December 13, 1893 in Appanoose, IA. ii. HANNAH STARK was born on May 30, 1808. iii. MARYANN M. STARK was born in 1812 in Clark, Indiana. She died on July 28, 1835 in Scott, Indiana, USA. iv. PHILIP STARK was born on August 22, 1814 in Clark, Indiana. He died in 1887 in Appanoose, IA. He married Nancy Stark, daughter of Stephen Venard Stark and Hannah Alexander Purcell on March 05, 1834 in Washington, Indiana. She was born on November 16, 1813 in Henry, Kentucky, USA. She died on January 24, 1892 in Appanoose, IA. v. WILLIAM STARK was born on May 24, 1815 in Kentucky, USA. vi. DAVID STARK was born on May 02, 1817 in Clark, Indiana. vii. NELSON STARK was born on May 31, 1819 in Clark, Indiana, USA. He died on March 29, 1900 in Scott, Indiana, USA. He married Mary Ann Staples on March 14, 1844 in Clark, Indiana. She was born on December 17, 1824 in Indiana, USA. She died on February 23, 1899 in Scott, Indiana, USA.
4. ABNER 2 STARK (Joseph 1 ) was born on October 17, 1786 in Nelson County, Virginia (later Kentucky). He died on March 28, 1843 in Decatur County, Indiana. He married Persis Boone on February 11, 1811 in Shelby, Kentucky, USA. She was born on October 09, 1791 in Shelby, Kentucky, USA. She died on October 14, 1875 in Bloomfield, Davis County, Iowa. Abner Stark and Persis Boone had the following children: i. PERSIS BOONE 3 STARK was born about 1812. ii. JEREMIAH BOONE STARK was born about 1815 in Kentucky, USA. He died in 1849. He married Sarah Ann Throckmorton on December 24, 1835 in Decatur, Indiana, USA. She was born on October 10, 1819 in NJ. iii. GREENUP STARK was born on February 25, 1817 in Henry, Kentucky, USA. He died on December 10, 1895 in Soap Creek Twp, Davis, IA. He married Hannah Wallace on February 10, 1842 in Decatur, Indiana, USA. She was born in 1819 in Rockbridge, VA. She died on April 19, 1886 in Soap Creek Twp, Davis, IA. iv. JOSIAH JOHN STARK was born on January 28, 1819 in Henry, IN. He died on December 13, 1891 in Perry, Davis, IA. He married Charlotte D. Rose on August 17, 1840 in Decatur, Indiana, USA. She was born on June 17, 1817 in Indiana, USA. She died on July 26, 1893 in Perry, Davis, IA. v. BETHANY STARK was born in 1823 in Decatur, Indiana, USA. vi. LAVINA STARK was born in 1825 in Henry, Kentucky, USA. She died on November 06, 1913 in Davis, IA. She married Delaney Swinney on April 27, 1843 in Decatur, Indiana, USA. He was born on October 09, 1820 in Monroe, VA. He died on July 04, 1900 in Lick Creek, Davis, IA. vii. ABNER W. A. STARK was born in 1828 in Henry, Kentucky, USA. He married Evila [Unknown] about 1850 in Davis, IA. She was born in 1833 in Indiana, USA. viii. TALITHA STARK was born on August 31, 1830 in Henry, Kentucky, USA. She died on October 18, 1903 in Drakesville, Davis, IA. She married Samuel Bell Downing on August 26, 1851 in Davis, IA. He was born on February 04, 1825 in Venango, PA. He died on October 27, 1903 in Drakesville, Davis, IA. ix. WILLIAM B. STARK was born on June 06, 1833 in Decatur, Indiana, USA. He died on July 02, 1904 in Woodson, KS. He married Matilda McCormick on December 02, 1852 in Davis, IA. She was born in 1833 in Decatur, Indiana, USA.
68 Part 4: Joseph Stark & Descendants Chapter 7
5. PHILIP 2 STARK (Joseph 1 ) was born on August 13, 1790 in Nelson County, Virginia (later Kentucky). He died on November 28, 1860 in Decatur County, Indiana. He married Elizabeth Robbins on August 24, 1809 in Henry County, Kentucky. She was born on August 18, 1790 in Franklin County, Virginia. She died after 1880 in Union Township, Boone County, Indiana. Philip Stark and Elizabeth Robbins had the following children: i. JOSEPH 3 STARK was born in 1811 in Kentucky, USA. He died after 1880 in Boone, IN. He married Martha Woodward on September 10, 1835 in Decatur, Indiana, USA. She was born in 1812 in Kentucky, USA. She died after 1880 in Boone, IN. ii. RHODA STARK was born about 1814 in Kentucky, USA. She died after 1880. She married Hiram Edrington before 1840 in Decatur, Indiana, USA. He was born on January 13, 1806 in Kentucky, USA. He died in 1888 in Adams, Decatur, Indiana, USA. iii. MAHALA STARK was born about 1815 in Kentucky, USA. She died after 1880. She married Moses Guthrie on June 28, 1832 in Decatur, Indiana, USA. He was born on November 08, 1808 in Gallitan, KY. He died after 1880 in Adams, Decatur, Indiana, USA. iv. HANNAH STARK was born about 1818 in Kentucky, USA. She died about 1850 in Davis, IA. She married Elijah Swinney on November 08, 1838 in Decatur, Indiana, USA. He was born on March 02, 1819 in Monroe, VA. He died on August 12, 1882 in WA. v. NANCY STARK. vi. MERRIT R. STARK was born about 1820 in Kentucky, USA. He married Sarah Cline on April 21, 1841 in Decatur, Indiana, USA. She was born in 1821 in Indiana, USA. vii. WILLIAM R. STARK. viii. MERIETTA "MARY" UNKNOWN was born in 1819 in Kentucky, United States. She married Samuel Brice Stark, son of James Stark and Susanna Hart on September 01, 1840 in Scott, Indiana, USA. He was born on October 22, 1805 in Hutchinson, Bourbon, Kentucky, USA. He died on October 05, 1875 in Fayetteville, Washington, Arkansas, USA. ix. FRANCES "FANNIE" STARK was born about 1819 in Kentucky, USA. She died about 1846 in Decatur, Indiana, USA. She married Robert Heath on September 19, 1839 in Decatur, Indiana, USA. He was born on March 19, 1816 in Guilford, NC. He died on September 19, 1886 in Benton, IA. x. ALBERT W. STARK was born in 1821 in Shelby, KY. He died after 1914. He married Elizabeth Woodard about 1842. She was born in 1825 in Shelby, KY. She died in November 1895 in Union Twp, Boone, IN. xi. MARY STARK. xii. LOUISA R. STARK was born about 1822 in Kentucky, USA. She died after 1880. She married Leander W. Brandon on October 08, 1840 in Decatur, Indiana, USA. He was born about 1820. He died before 1880 in St. Clair, MO. xiii. MARTHA ANN STARK was born about 1835 in Decatur, Indiana, USA. She married John G. Cline on November 04, 1850 in Decatur, Indiana, USA. He was born about 1830. xiv. MANERVA STARK was born in 1837 in Decatur, Indiana, USA. She died before 1880 in Worth twp, Boone, IN. She married George F. Gayer about 1857. He was born in 1828 in Kentucky, USA. He died after 1880 in Worth twp, Boone, IN.
6. CALEB 2 STARK (Joseph 1 ) was born on July 09, 1793 in Shelby, Kentucky, USA. He died on February 25, 1876 in Adams, Decatur, Indiana, USA. He married Anne E. Boone on January 19, 1815 in Henry County, Kentucky. She was born on November 11, 1797 in Woodford County, Kentucky. She died on March 25, 1883 in Adams, Decatur, Indiana, USA. Caleb Stark and Anne E. Boone had the following children: i. ADEN BOONE 3 STARK was born on November 21, 1815 in Henry, Kentucky, USA. He died on April 19, 1890 in Decatur, Indiana, USA. He married Eliza Wallace on September 05, 1839 in Decatur, Indiana, USA. She was born on January 10, 1821 in Virginia, USA. She died on July 31, 1896 in Decatur, Indiana, USA. ii. PERCIS STARK was born on November 10, 1817 in Henry, Kentucky, USA. She died on September 05, 1899 in Decatur, Indiana, USA. She married Elijah Markland on May 26, 1841 in Decatur, Indiana, USA. He was born on March 04, 1820 in Ohio, USA. He died on November 13, 1856 in Adams, Decatur, Indiana, USA. iii. GEORGE F. STARK was born on January 20, 1820 in Henry, Kentucky, USA. He died on October 18, 1876 in Decatur, Indiana, USA. He married Siannah Swinney on December 13, 1844 in Decatur, Indiana, USA. She was born on July 06, 1822 in Virginia, USA. She died about 1894 in Decatur, Indiana, USA. iv. LOVICA "LAVICY" STARK was born on June 15, 1822 in Henry, Kentucky, USA. She died on March 18, 1884 in Decatur, Indiana, USA. She married Richard Wright on September 04, 1845 in Decatur, Indiana, USA. He was born on April 02, 1819 in Virginia, USA. He died on August 10, 1884 in Decatur, Indiana, USA.
69 Part 4: Joseph Stark & Descendants Chapter 7 v. WILLET H. STARK was born on October 27, 1824 in Henry, Kentucky, USA. He died on August 15, 1882 in Adams, Decatur, Indiana, USA. He married (1) NANCY GUTHRIE on March 14, 1850 in Decatur, Indiana, USA. She was born in 1833 in Indiana, USA. She died before 1870 in Decatur, Indiana, USA. He married MARTHA A. [UNKNOWN]. She was born in 1840 in Indiana, USA. vi. LUVENIA STARK was born on May 29, 1827 in Decatur, Indiana, USA. She died on May 18, 1911 in Decatur, Indiana, USA. She married John Wright in 1854 in Decatur, Indiana, USA. He was born on August 20, 1826 in Virginia, USA. He died on July 07, 1899 in Decatur, Indiana, USA. vii. ELIZABETH STARK was born about 1829 in Decatur, Indiana, USA. She married JOHN WHITLOW. He was born about 1829. viii. EVELYN STARK was born on November 06, 1831 in Decatur, Indiana, USA. She died on May 04, 1850 in Decatur, Indiana, USA. She married WILLIAM KING. He was born about 1831. ix. RUTH STARK was born on November 26, 1834 in Decatur, Indiana, USA. She died on June 11, 1904 in Decatur, Indiana, USA. x. JOSEPH STARK was born about 1837 in Decatur County, Indiana. He married Sarilda Guthrie before 1864 in Probably Decatur County, Indiana. She was born about 1847 in Indiana, USA. xi. BETHEL GREEN STARK was born on March 14, 1840 in Indiana, USA. He died on October 28, 1908 in Humboldt County, Iowa. He married Charity Hans about 1870. She was born in June 1848 in Illinois.
70 Part 5: Christopher Stark & Martha Vineyard Chapter 8: Christopher Stark Timeline
Chapter 8 Christopher Stark Time Line Prepared by Clovis LaFleur, August, 2001
1747 Latest year of birth for Christopher Stark, son of Jonathan Stark and Sarah Laycock, probably born in New Jersey. Christopher Stark served on a jury in Loudon County, Virginia in 1768. If he had to be twenty-one to serve, this would place his latest year of birth as 1747. [Source: Loudoun Co. VA, Court Minutes, Book D, page 137.] 1751 Francis Vineyard settled near Harper's Ferry in Northern Virginia twenty five years prior to American Revolution. He had children named John, Francis, Stephen, Thomas, William, James, Martha who married Christopher Stark, and Sarah. [Source: Mrs. Beatrice B. Commander; Her letter of Februry 29, 1974 on Family notes of Walter P. Shriner whose wife was descended from Francis Vineyard.] 1759 September 12, William Diggs vs. Francis Vinyard; debt; Benjamin Shacklitt, Samuel Stillwell, and Robert Harper gave evidence for Francis. [Source: Loudon County, Virginia Court Minutes, Book A; page 270.] 1761 Francis Vinyard, Jr., James Vinyard, Nathan Lecock on Hamilton’s list Loudoun Co, VA 1765 Christopher's brother James is named as administrator to his father's estate (Jonathan Stark [the elder]). Jan. 29. the administration of the estate of Jonathan Stark of Hardwick, Sussex Co., wheelwright, Intestate. Adm'rs: Sarah Stark (widow) and James Stark. Fellowbondsman: Joseph Lacock, all of the same place. 3 Jan. 1765, Inventory, £121.4.10, made by John Laforge and Samson Dildine. Lib. 12, p. 232.1765. 1768 1) October 11, James McCall & wife Lydia vs. Leven Powell; In detinue for a slave. Christopher Starks member of the Jury. [Source: Loudoun Co., VA, Court Minutes, Book D, page 137.] 2) Nathan Laycock, William Laycock, Joseph Stark, William Stark, and James Starke in James Hamilton's list, Loudon County, VA tithable. 1769 1) Nathan Laycock, William Laycock, Joseph Starke, and James Starke on James Hamilton's Tithable List, Loudoun Co., VA 2) Francis Vineyard, Jr. on tithable list for Loudon Co., VA. 1770 Christopher Stark, Joseph Stark, William Wood, Nathan Laycock and William Laycock in James Hamilton's tithable list, Loudon Co., VA. 1772-1774 Christopher Stark married Martha Vineyard, Loudoun Co. VA. 1773 May 10, 1773; James Vineyard Stark born. However, the tombstone of James indicates he was born May 10, 1772. [Source: Inscription from Tombstone located in Hutton Hill Cemetery, Pike County, Illinois. "James Stark died Oct. 19, 1853 age 78 yrs., 5 mo., 9 days.", indicates he was born May 10, 1772.] 1775 1) October, List of militia paid off at Fort Pitt: Christopher Stark, Daniel Stark and James Stark; Lt. David Enoch’s roll. 2)? Names at Romney and Winchester: Daniel Stark and Christopher Stark; Capt. Joseph Mitchell’s roll. 3) Jan. 13, 1775; Elizabeth Stark born on this date. [Source: Research of Walter P. Shriner.] 1776 Petitions (Lists of Inhabitants of Washington Co., Pa); Francis Vineyard, William Wood 1777 1) Petitions (Lists of Inhabitants of Washington Co., Pa); Francis Vineyard, William Wood 2) Dec. 14, 1777; Elisha Stark born in Washington Co., PA. [Source: Research of Walter P. Shriner] 1778 1) Petitions (Lists of Inhabitants of Washington Co., Pa); Francis Vineyard, William Wood 2) Rangers on the Frontier; Christopher Stark, Daniel Stark, James Stark, Washington Co., PA; 3rd Battalion commanded by Lt. Col. David Williamson.; [Source: Pennsylvania Archives, Sixth Series, Volume II, pages 119, 244, 251] 1779 1) Petitions (Lists of Inhabitants of Washington Co., Pa); Francis Vineyard, William Wood 2) Rangers on the Frontier; Christopher Stark, Daniel Stark, James Stark, Washington Co., PA 3) Mar. 14, 1779; Sarah Stark born in Washington Co., PA. [Source: Research of Walter P. Shriner]
71 Part 5: Christopher Stark & Martha Vineyard Chapter 8: Christopher Stark Timeline 1780 1) Petitions (Lists of Inhabitants of Washington Co., Pa); Francis Vineyard, William Wood 2) Rangers on the Frontier; Christopher Stark, Daniel Stark, James Stark, Washington Co., PA 1781 1) Rangers on the Frontier; Christopher Stark, Daniel Stark, James Stark, Washington Co., PA 2) Mar. 4, 1781; Stephen Stark born In Washington Co., PA. [Source: Research of Walter P. Shriner] 1782 1) Rangers on the Frontier; Christopher Stark, Daniel Stark, James Stark, Washington Co., PA 2) Daniel Stark, James Stark, John Stark and Joseph Stark, Washington Co., PA militia 3) Other children born to Christopher and Martha after 1782 were; William, John, Ruth, and Abraham. There may have been two other children named Reuben and Christopher, Jr., this information from the POUND-KESTER Family History. [Source: Research of Walter P. Shriner.] 1783 1) Rangers on the Frontier; Christopher Stark, Daniel Stark, James Stark, Washington Co., PA 2) Daniel Stark, James Stark, John Stark and Joseph Stark, Washington Co., PA militia 3) Joseph Stark (240a) and John Stark Amwell township, Wash. Co, PA tax list. 4) William Wood, Daniel Stark, James Stark (140a), Christopher Stark and Jonathan Stark, Fallowfield township, Wash. Co., PA tax list. 1784 Daniel Stark, James Stark, John Stark and Joseph Stark, Washington Co., PA militia 1785 1) Daniel Stark, James Stark, John Stark and Joseph Stark, Washington Co., PA militia 2) Joseph Stark, John Stark , Jonathan Stark, Daniel Stark, James Stark and William Stark ;Nelson Co. KY tax list. 1786 1) Joseph Stark and James Stark are on a Jury in Nelson Co. KY Minute Book A. 2) Christopher along with his brothers James, and Daniel, moved to Nelson County, Kentucky. Christopher purchased a farm on Froman's Creek. James and another brother, Jonathan, settled near him. [Source: Research of Walter P. Shriner.] 1787 1) John Stark, James Stark, Joseph Stark, and Christopher Stark, Nelson Co, KY taxlist A. 2) Jonathan Stark Nelson Co, KY taxlist B. 3) Daniel Stark Nelson Co, KY taxlist D. 4) William Stark and James Stark charged with tax Nelson Co, KY Tithable list H. 1792 Dec. 18, 1792; Christopher gave written consent to the marriage of his daughter, Elizabeth, to Joseph Pound in Nelson Co., KY. [Source: Walter P. Shriner research.] 1794 Christopher's brother, Daniel moved to Shelby County, Kentucky and settled on Elks Creek and was followed by Christopher, James and Jonathan in 1794. 1798 June, 6, 1798; Christopher Stark deeded (sold) his property in Nelson Co., KY while a resident of Shelby Co., KY without the signature of his wife, Martha. This record would seem to indicate Martha Vineyard had died before this date. [Source: Research of Walter P. Shriner.] 1801 Christopher Stark purchased 258 acres on Elks Creek in Shelby Co., KY. [Source: Research of Walter P. Shriner.] 1802 Mar. 3, 1802; Christopher bought 220 acres located on Floyd's Creek in Henry Co. KY. [Source: Research of Walter P. Shriner.] 1807 Nov. 9, 1807; Christopher deeded all of his land and stock to sons Elisha and Stephen, the transfer being proved in court under oath by Benjamin Stark, and Abraham Stark. Walter P. Shriner believes this deed was made during Christopher's last illness which would seem to set Christopher's death date as soon after this deed transfer of property. Christopher left no will and there is no record to be found of the administration of his estate. [Source: Research of Walter P. Shriner.]
72 Part 5: Christopher Stark & Martha Vineyard Chapter 9: Who Was Who Named Christopher Stark
Chapter 9 Who Was Who Named Christopher
Authors Note: The following text has been included to distinguish this Christopher Stark who married Martha Vineyard and was the son of Jonathan Stark and Sarah Laycock from Christopher Stark, Jr. who probably married Susannah Price and was the son of Christopher Stark, Sr. and Joanna Walworth. For sources, see the above Time Lines.
During the years from about 1695 to 1800, there were several individuals in the Stark Family with the given name Christopher. Because the name was used so often in many different descendant branches of the Aaron Stark Family, there have been many interpretations of the data by early researchers which have influenced and distorted the organization of these families. This text will attempt to resolve these issues and put forth several theories that will, perhaps, conflict with the work of others. Christopher Stark, Sr. was born about or before 1695 in Groton, New London County, Connecticut, the son of William Stark, Sr. and Elizabeth. He is well documented in the Groton Deed Records from 1716 to 1758. He married Joanna Walworth April 1, 1722 in Groton. There is a record in the New York Genealogical and Biographical Record, Vol. 117 (1986), page 151 showing a Christopher Stark is first reported leasing land May 1, 1759 on the Beekman Patent in New York, pays Taxes in Beekman from 1759 to 1769 and again at Pawling, New York in 1772. At some later date the names Azell Stark and William Stark were added to the lease. From the Charles R. Stark text titled, " The Aaron Stark Family, Seven Generations ", a son named Christopher Stark, Jr. was born to Christopher, Sr. and Joanna on September 27, 1728. In 1759, this son would have been 31 years old and it is known from other researchers he also moved to Beekman, Dutchess County, New York. According to CRS both Christopher, Sr. and Christopher, Jr. had sons named William. However, there is no mention of a child named "Azell" for either of these men. Therefore, we are left with a question. Who is "Azell" Stark, and what is his relationship to either of these men? Another question would be which Christopher Stark is named on the Beekman Lease? These will be addressed later. In a text entitled, " Settlers of Beekman Patent ", by Frank Doherty, page 510 (Volume not known), Doherty cites the marriage of Mary Bennett and Aaron Stark," son of Christopher and Martha (Vineyard) Stark of Pawling ." This Aaron was born in 1755, according to Doherty. Could this Christopher reported to have married Martha Vineyard be Christopher Stark, Jr.? CRS also reports an Aaron Stark, son of Christopher Stark, Jr. born in 1755, listed as individual #212. However, CRS shows no spouse for Christopher, Jr.. The CRS text indicates this Aaron Stark, #212 married four times and had twenty children with these four women. He is reported by CRS to have died about 1835. The Record and Pension Office War Department quoted by CRS shows Aaron Stark, #212 was in Captain Simeon Spalding's Company, 1st. Connecticut Regiment, and this Aaron Stark, #212 is reported to be the son of Christopher, Jr. by CRS. CRS further states, " he (Aaron) and his father were in the battle and massacre of Wyoming July 3, 1778 ....From his (Aaron's) place of concealment he saw them take his father out with others and tomahawk him ." From this account, one would believe Christopher, Jr. was killed in the Wyoming Valley, Pennsylvania massacre. However, this is not supported by facts, for Aaron Stark and Daniel Stark are the only Starks reported as victims of this massacre on the Wyoming Valley monument honoring those who died on that day. CRS also reports Christopher Stark, Jr. died in 1777, the same year he reports Christopher Stark, Sr. died. Therefore, from this exercise, the CRS data becomes questionable. CRS reports Christopher Stark, Sr. had a son named Aaron Stark, reported as individual #88, born March 3, 1733/34 and died July 3, 1778, the same day of the Wyoming massacre. This Aaron married a women named Margaret. Their first child was reported to be Aaron Stark, Jr. reported as individual #228 in CRS. From CRS, " After the troops broke and ran Aaron and his son of the same name also fled and hid themselves in the driftwood along the river. The father was discovered by the savages and taken out and cruelly murdered before the very eyes of the son ." Notice how closely this account seems to agree with the above account implying Christopher, Jr. was killed in this massacre. Clearly, it would appear CRS has created two individuals named Aaron Stark with fathers killed in the Wyoming Massacre. The account of a Aaron Stark seeing his father killed in the Wyoming Valley massacre occurred for only one Aaron Stark, and I would theorize he was the son of Aaron Stark, #88 who was the son of Christopher Stark, Sr.. Indeed, Revolutionary War Pension Application #R10072 shows a Aaron Stark made application May 15, 1823 in Beekman, New York for a pension. In his application he states, " Late in 1776 he resided in Luzerne County, Pennsylvania (The Wyoming Valley Area) and enlisted in a Company under Capt. Ransom, marched to Morristown to join General Washington , that his Father was killed with most of the others of the militia company ....he was saved by remaining in the river ....abt. 9 months before the close of the war he deserted to go see his mother at Beekman who had left the Susquehanna Company (Resided in the Wyoming Valley at the time of the massacre) on account of the Indians and removed their with her family ". This clearly is our Aaron Stark, #228, son of Aaron Stark, #88 who married Margaret. In his pension he reports his age to be 72, placing his year of birth as 1751.
73 Part 5: Christopher Stark & Martha Vineyard Chapter 9: Who Was Who Named Christopher Stark
Therefore, if my theory Christopher Stark, Jr. did not have a son named Aaron, then who is Doherty referring to in the Beekman Patents? I believe the son born around 1755 to Christopher Stark, Jr.'s spouse was Asahel Stark, the "Azell" mentioned in the 1759 lease agreement. From the Onandago County, New York 1800 census, Asahel Stark is a male over 45 years old. If this was Asahel, then he was born before 1755. This could be the "Azell" mentioned in the Beekman lease. However, we do find a Christopher Stark living in Loudoun County, Virginia in 1768. He is reported to have served on a jury in that year. To serve on a jury, he should have been 21 years old, setting his latest year of birth as 1747. Descendants of Jonathan Stark, son of William Stark, Jr. who was the nephew of Christopher Stark, Sr. indicate he married Martha Vineyard in Loudoun County, Virginia in 1772, based on the reported birth of their first child, James in 1773. This Christopher Stark family seems to be well documented with records showing, before Washington County, Pennsylvania was formed, he served in the Revolutionary War with Daniel Stark and James Stark as Rangers on the Frontier in the Pennsylvania Militia, 3rd Battalion, commanded by Lt. Col. David Williamson. Could this be the same Christopher Stark who married Martha Vineyard who had a son named Aaron born in 1755 reported in the Beekman Patents by Doherty? First, the Christopher Stark in Loudoun County seems to be young to have had a son in 1755, although, there is nothing to indicate he could not have been born in 1728, the year Christopher, Jr. was born. 1768 could have been the first year he was reported living in Loudoun County after moving there from Dutchess County, New York, assuming this happened which it did not. There appears to be no proof as to which Christopher Stark is named in the Beekman lease. Senior or Junior could be the named individual. To bring a little order to this, observe the time frame in the following list of some known events/facts for Christopher Stark, Sr., Christopher Stark, Jr. and Christopher Stark who married Martha Vineyard in Loudoun County, Virginia.
1) From 1759-69 there is a Christopher Stark living on the Beekman Patent paying taxes during these years in Beekman. He could be either Senior or Junior. 2) 1768; Christopher Stark of Loudoun County, Virginia is a member of a jury in that County. 3) 1768; May, Christopher Stark, Sr. conveys his rights to shares in the Susquehanna Company to his sons, Christopher Stark, Jr., Aaron Stark, and James Stark. 4) 1769; September 12, Christopher Stark, Jr., Aaron Stark, James Stark, and William Stark are living along the Susquehanna River in the Wyoming Valley, Pennsylvania. They are driven out of the area in November. 5) 1770; Christopher Stark and Joseph Stark are on James Hamilton's Tithable list, Loudoun County, Virginia. 6) 1770; June, Christopher Stark, Jr. and Aaron Stark return to the Susquehanna, but are driven out again. 7) 1772; Early in the year; James Stark returns to the Wyoming Valley with his father, Christopher Stark, Sr. and brother Daniel. 8) 1772; Christopher Stark is reported on the Pawling, Dutchess County, New York tax list. 9) 1772; Christopher Stark is estimated by descendants to have married Martha Vineyard in Loudoun County, Virginia. 10) 1775; Christopher Stark, Daniel Stark, and James Stark on Lt. David Enoch's Roll and list of militia paid off at Fort Pitt in Pennsylvania. 11) 1777; Christopher Stark, Sr. died in the Wyoming Valley of old age and names his son James as executor of his will. 12) July 3, 1778; Aaron Stark and Daniel Stark are victims of the Wyoming Massacre in Pennsylvania. Young Aaron is a witness to his father's death at the hands of the Indians. 13) 1778-1783; Before Washington County, Pennsylvania was formed from Westmoreland County, Christopher Stark, Daniel Stark, and James Stark were reported to be members of the Frontier Rangers, 3rd Battalion under the command of Lt. Col. David Williamson. Source: County Rangers on the Frontiers, Pennsylvania Archives, Vol. XXIII, pages 198-220. 14) 1781; August 1-4, Lt. Christopher Stark, Jr. and Ashel Stark appear on pay roll of Captain William Shepard's Company. He is listed in this document as Lt. Christopher Stark, Jr. 15) 1781; April 25; John Stark picks up the pay of his father, Christopher Stark from the New York militia. 16) 1783; Christopher Stark, Daniel Stark, James Stark, and Jonathan Stark are on the Fallowfield Township, Washington County, Pennsylvania tax list. 17) 1785; February 28, William Stark is sent to pick up the pay of Christopher Stark on behalf of Susanna Stark for his militia wages under Col. John Ressselar. On the same date, William Stark is also to pick up the pay of Asel Stark.
If one follows the location and time of these Christopher Stark events, it becomes clear we could be referring to three individuals. Clearly, after Christopher Stark, Sr. died in 1777, the references to Christopher Stark in Loudoun County, Virginia being Christopher, Sr.'s son become difficult to resolve for he must be in this County, the Wyoming Valley, Pennsylvania, and Dutchess County, New York, all at the same time from 1768 to 1772 if he is one person. It becomes even harder in 1781, with Lt. Christopher Stark present at the Saratoga Alert in August of that year at the same time another Christopher Stark is serving with the Washington County, Pennsylvania, 3rd Battalion. in another theater of the war. Again, it is possible one person could have been in all of these places during these intervals, but not very likely. Therefore, this exercise seems to conclude there were two individuals named Christopher Stark serving in the militia. One was with the Washington County, Pennsylvania 3rd Battalion serving under Lt. Col. David Williamson in 1781 while the other, Lt. Christopher Stark, Jr. was serving in Captain William Shepard's Company attached to Col. Cornelius Douty's Regiment from August 1 to August 4 of 1781.
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I would theorize the Doherty reference to Christopher Stark and Martha Vineyard on the Beekman Patent was influenced by the errors to be found in the CRS text. Christopher Stark, Sr. married Joanna Walworth April 1, 1722 in Groton. September 27, 1728, they had a son they named Christopher Stark, Jr., born in Groton. He had younger brothers named Aaron, James, and Daniel. Beginning in 1728, we now have two well identified individuals named Christopher Stark. CRS reports Christopher Stark, Sr. had an older brother named William Stark, Jr. who was born about or before 1689. William Stark, Jr. married Experience Lamb April 13, 1710, probably in Groton and they had a son named Jonathan, born December 10, 1712. On March 3, 1716, William Stark, Sr. deeded 30 acres to his son William Stark, Jr. as a gift with the provision it would be his property for his natural life. Upon the death of William Stark, Jr. the property would then belong to Jonathan Stark, grandson of William Stark, Sr. It would seem likely William Stark, Jr. died before 1736, for Jonathan Stark sells 16 acres of this property that year, which he could not have done if William, Jr. was living. Jonathan Stark was living in Woodbridge, Middlesex County, New Jersey in 1734, for he is a witness to a deed transaction in that location. Although he is recorded as a resident of Groton in the 1736 deed transaction when he sells the property, he may have returned from New Jersey to sell the property after the death of his father. Sometime before 1739, Jonathan married Sarah Laycock, probably in New Jersey. About or before 1739, they had a son named James Stark, who was named in 1765 as administrator to the estate of Jonathan Stark, deceased in Hardwick, Sussex County, New Jersey. James is later found to be in Loudoun County, Virginia in 1767 along with brothers William and Joseph. CRS doesn't carry forward the descendants of Jonathan in his book leaving one to wonder who they may have been. Because Christopher Stark is reported on the Loudoun County Jury in 1768, I believe he is a brother of James. Another indication this Christopher is the son of Jonathan Stark and brother of James is the evidence there is a Francis Vineyard living in Loudoun County at this time and speculated to be the father of the Martha Vineyard reported to have married Christopher in 1772. Although all of the above is not necessarily conclusive, I believe time, place, and opportunity for a Christopher Stark to marry Martha Vineyard would favor her husband being Christopher Stark, son of Jonathan Stark and brother of his son James Stark living in Loudoun County, Virginia from 1767 to about 1774. I believe Christopher Stark, Jr., son of Christopher Stark, Sr. probably lived on the Beekman lease and had sons named William Stark, Asahel Stark, and probably John Stark, this conclusion based on the militia records. He probably married a woman named Susanna, probably with the surname Price, to be addressed in a separate section. He probably died before 1785 and after 1781. For the reasons stated above, I will organize these families as suggested by the above analysis. There could still be questions to resolve, for CRS reports Christopher Stark, Jr. had a son named Christopher and Aaron Stark, son of Christopher Stark, Sr. is reported by CRS to have named a son Christopher. The possible times of their births, sometime between 1755 and 1770 suggest they probably would not have been a Lieutenant in the militia if born in the latter part of this range. This may require further investigation, for as seen above, there are many family organizational errors in the CRS text.
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Chapter 10 Christopher Stark & Martha (Vineyard) Stark Descendants; Three Generations
Generation 1 1. CHRISTOPHER 1 STARK was born before 1747 in Morris, New Jersey, USA. He died after November 1807 in Henry County, Kentucky. He married Martha Vineyard in 1772 in Loudon County, Virginia. She was born in 1752 in Fairfax, Virginia. She died before June 06, 1798 in Shelby, Kentucky, USA. Christopher Stark and Martha Vineyard had the following children: 2. i. ELIZABETH 2 STARK was born on January 13, 1775 in Washington, Pennsylvania, USA. She died on March 07, 1845 in Orange County, Indiana. She married Joseph Pound on December 18, 1792 in Nelson County, Kentucky. He was born on November 27, 1769 in Middlesex County, New Jersey. He died on April 02, 1850 in Orange County, Indiana. 3. ii. JAMES VINEYARD STARK was born on May 10, 1775 in Amwell Township, Washington County, Pennsylvania. He died on October 19, 1853 in Nebo Township, Pike County, Illinois. He married Rebecca Pound on September 22, 1800 in Elks Creek Twp.,Shelby County, Kentucky. She was born in 1776 in Piscatsway, Middlesex County, New Jersey. She died in 1822 in Vienna Twp., Scott County, Indiana. 4. iii. ELISHA STARK was born on December 14, 1777 in Loudoun County, Virginia. He died on April 06, 1836 in Vigo, Indiana, USA. He married Lucretia "Lucy" Stout on December 14, 1802 in Shelby, Kentucky, USA. She was born about 1785 in Culpeper County, Virginia. 5. iv. SARAH STARK was born on March 14, 1779 in Washington, Pennsylvania, USA. She died on April 01, 1851 in Clay, Indiana, USA. She married Abraham Stark, son of Daniel Stark and Elizabeth Unknown on June 06, 1798 in Shelby, Kentucky, USA. He was born on February 14, 1781 in Amswell Township., Washington County, Pennsylvania. He died on February 03, 1857 in Lewis Township., Clay County, Indiana. 6. v. STEPHEN VENARD STARK was born on March 04, 1781 in Washington, Pennsylvania, USA. He died on August 02, 1836 in Vernon Township, Washington County, Indiana. He married Hannah Alexander Purcell on April 01, 1805 in Shelby, KY. She was born on August 08, 1783 in Loudoun County, Virginia. She died on September 15, 1863 in Washington County, Indiana. 7. vi. RUTH STARK was born on March 06, 1786 in Nelson County, Virginia (later Kentucky). She married Isaac Stark, son of Daniel Stark and Elizabeth Unknown on March 04, 1806 in Henry, Kentucky, USA. He was born about 1779 in Yohogania County, Virginia (later Washington County, PA). 8. vii. PHEBE STARK was born on April 10, 1794 in Nelson County, Kentucky. She married Benjamin Franklin Stark, son of John Stark and Elizabeth Eddy on November 05, 1822 in Washington County, Indiana. He was born in 1783 in Washington, Pennsylvania, USA. He died on January 03, 1831 in Pierson Township, Vigo County, Indiana.
Generations 2 & 3 2. ELIZABETH 2 STARK (Christopher 1 ) was born on January 13, 1775 in Washington, Pennsylvania, USA. She died on March 07, 1845 in Orange County, Indiana. She married Joseph Pound on December 18, 1792 in Nelson County, Kentucky. He was born on November 27, 1769 in Middlesex County, New Jersey. He died on April 02, 1850 in Orange County, Indiana. Joseph Pound and Elizabeth Stark had the following children: i. NANCY 3 POUND was born on October 20, 1790 in Clark, Indiana, USA. She died in Sullivan County, Indiana. She married William Reed in 1817 in Orange County, Indiana. ii. VINGARD POUND was born on September 22, 1793 in Nelson County, Kentucky. He died in 1830 in On the Mississippi River, New Orleans. He married Eleanor Hutchings in 1813 in Clark County Indiana. iii. SARAH POUND was born on February 01, 1795 in Shelby County Kentucky. She died in 1827 in Washington County Indiana. She married John Elgan in 1819 in Orange County, Indiana. iv. MALINDA POUND was born on April 11, 1796 in Elks Creek Township, Shelby County, Kentucky. She died on December 29, 1859 in Washington County Indiana. She married Rice Gaddis McCoy on January 02, 1812 in Clark, Indiana, USA. He was born on June 10, 1789 in Cincinnati, Clermont, Ohio, USA. He died on September 03, 1834 in Washington County, Indiana. v. MARTIN POUND was born on December 11, 1797 in Shelby County Kentucky. He died on April 04, 1837 in Orange County, Indiana.
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vi. THOMAS POUND was born on November 16, 1801 in Clark County Indiana. He died on August 31, 1835 in Vigo, Indiana, USA. He married Nancy Johnson in 1821 in Orange County, Indiana. vii. ELIZABETH POUND was born on February 28, 1803 in Clark County Indiana. She died in August 1827 in Orange County, Indiana. viii. JOHN POUND was born on October 28, 1804 in Clark County Indiana. He died on November 08, 1876 in Vigo, Indiana, USA. He married Margaret H. Liston on April 15, 1824 in Vigo, Indiana, USA. ix. JOSEPHUS STARK POUND was born on March 25, 1809. He died on May 06, 1884 in Lincolnville Kansas. He married Catherine Lee in Orange County, Indiana. x. JAMES FIELDAN POUND was born on November 26, 1810. He died on April 07, 1872 in Shelby County Kentucky. He married Ellen Case in Orange County, Indiana. xi. JULIA ANN POUND was born on August 29, 1812. She died on January 01, 1864 in Shelby County Kentucky. She married Felix Grundy McGrew on December 23, 1827 in Orange County, Indiana. xii. EMILY POUND was born on October 10, 1815 in Orange County, Indiana. She died on October 31, 1870 in Shelby County, Illinois. She married Chamberlain Marts on May 26, 1831 in Orange County, Indiana. He was born on September 05, 1809 in Shelby, Kentucky, USA. He died on October 27, 1880 in Adams County, Nebraska. xiii. WILLIAM LUNSFORD POUND was born on August 25, 1817 in Clark County Indiana. He died on January 12, 1864 in Vigo, Indiana, USA. He married (1) MARY ANN FREED on September 07, 1843 in Vigo, Indiana, USA. He married (2) MINERVA WIRES on January 27, 1842 in Orange County, Indiana. She died in June 1842. xiv. SERENA ANN POUND was born on May 22, 1819 in Orange County, Indiana. She died on September 21, 1879 in Vigo, Indiana, USA. She married Samuel R. McClain on October 20, 1840 in Orange County, Indiana.
3. JAMES VINEYARD 2 STARK (Christopher 1 ) was born on May 10, 1775 in Amwell Township, Washington County, Pennsylvania. He died on October 19, 1853 in Nebo Township, Pike County, Illinois. He married Rebecca Pound on September 22, 1800 in Elks Creek Twp.,Shelby County, Kentucky. She was born in 1776 in Piscatsway, Middlesex County, New Jersey. She died in 1822 in Vienna Twp., Scott County, Indiana. James Vineyard Stark and Rebecca Pound had the following children:
i. CHRISTOPHER 3 STARK was born on June 11, 1802 in Shelby, Kentucky, USA. He died on October 24, 1862 in Pike County, Illinois. He married Rebecca Killion on November 22, 1825 in Scott, Indiana, USA. She was born in September 1802 in North Carolina. She died on January 19, 1880 in Emporia, Lyon County, Kansas. ii. SARAH STARK was born in 1804 in Shelby County Kentucky. She died in 1830 in Scott, Indiana, USA. She married James M. Applegate on August 12, 1824 in Scott, Indiana, USA. iii. JOHN POUND STARK was born on November 06, 1806 in Shelby, Kentucky, USA. He died on August 13, 1873 in Spring Creek Twp., Pike County, Illinois. He married (1)ELIZABETH APPLEGATE on December 29, 1835 in Washington County, Indiana. She was born on June 22, 1816. She died on March 22, 1863 in Pike County, Illinois. He married (2) MARY "POLLY" CANNON on October 18, 1864 in Pike County, Illinois. She was born in 1820 in Alabama. She died after 1880. iv. MARTHA K. STARK was born in April 1810 in Elk Creek, Shelby County, Kentucky. She died on May 10, 1881 in Payette County, Idaho. She married Squire Hammond Applegate on May 08, 1834 in Scott, Indiana, USA. He was born about 1812 in Rhea, Tennessee. He died on August 09, 1879 in Douglas, Oregon. v. NANCY STARK was born in 1811 in Clark, Indiana. She died in ID. She married Isaac Hobbes on January 05, 1826 in Scott, Indiana, USA. vi. ELIZABETH STARK was born in 1815. vii. WILLIAM R. STARK was born in 1818 in Indiana, USA. He married REBECCA UNKNOWN. She was born in 1821 in Missouri, USA. viii. EUNICE ANN STARK was born in 1821 in Scott, Indiana, USA. She died on April 16, 1893 in Elgin, Union County, Oregon. She married John Dunlap Garrett on February 29, 1836 in Scott, Indiana, USA.
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4. ELISHA 2 STARK (Christopher 1 ) was born on December 14, 1777 in Loudoun County, Virginia. He died on April 06, 1836 in Vigo, Indiana, USA. He married Lucretia "Lucy" Stout on December 14, 1802 in Shelby, Kentucky, USA. She was born about 1785 in Culpeper County, Virginia. Elisha Stark and Lucretia "Lucy" Stout had the following children:
i. REUBEN 3 STARK was born in 1804. He married Mary Stout on August 21, 1828 in Spencer, KY. ii. JAMES STARK was born in 1806. He married ELIZABETH [UNKNOWN]. He married (2) SARAH SOWDER on June 24, 1827 in Washington County, Indiana. iii. CHRISTOPHER C. STARK was born on December 25, 1808 in Henry County, Kentucky. He married Mary "Polly" Akers on August 23, 1832 in Vigo, Indiana, USA. She was born in 1812 in Kentucky. iv. SIMPSON STARK was born on October 21, 1810 in Henry County, Kentucky. He died in May 1870 in Pierson Township, Vigo County, Indiana. He married Elizabeth Liston on November 27, 1831 in Vigo, Indiana, USA. She was born in 1812 in Indiana, USA. She died after 1880 in Probably Indiana. v. PETER STARK was born on October 14, 1812 in Henry County, Kentucky. He died on July 03, 1865 in Lewis Township, Clay County, Indiana. He married Elizabeth Christ on February 04, 1836 in Vigo, Indiana, USA. She was born in 1815 in Kentucky. vi. ABRAHAM VANDYKE STARK was born on April 15, 1815 in Henry, Kentucky, USA. He died on August 09, 1890 in Middletown, Henry, Indiana. He married (1) SARAH JANE BOSWELL about 1841 in Kentucky, USA. She was born on December 02, 1823 in Kentucky, USA. She died on August 20, 1873 in Vigo, Indiana, USA. He married (2) MARTHA JANE ELLIOTT on October 14, 1875 in Vigo, Indiana, USA. She was born in 1837 in Indiana, USA. vii. JONATHAN DOC STARK was born on August 01, 1817 in Washington County, IN. He died in 1888 in Lewis, Clay, Indiana, USA. He married (1) ANN AKERS on February 08, 1839 in Vigo, Indiana, USA. He married (2) MARTHA JANE WEEKS on March 06, 1856 in Vigo, Indiana, USA. She was born in 1831 in Kentucky, USA. viii. MARY STARK was born on September 23, 1819 in Washington, Indiana. She died in 1837 in Vigo, Indiana, USA. She married John McGlone on February 06, 1836 in Vigo, Indiana, USA. ix. STEPHEN STOUT STARK was born on November 14, 1821 in Washington, Indiana. He died on January 08, 1899 in Vigo, Indiana, USA. He married Minerva Ann Weeks on August 31, 1844 in Vigo, Indiana, USA. She was born in 1823 in Kentucky, USA. x. SARAH STARK was born in 1823 in Washington, Indiana. She died in 1851 in Vigo, Indiana, USA. xi. REBECCA STARK was born in 1825 in Washington, Indiana. She died in 1849 in Vigo, Indiana, USA. She married Adoniram Judson Liston on March 06, 1844 in Vigo, Indiana, USA. xii. MARION STARK was born in 1827 in Washington, Indiana. He died in 1841 in Vigo, Indiana, USA .
5. SARAH 2 STARK (Christopher 1 ) was born on March 14, 1779 in Washington, Pennsylvania, USA. She died on April 01, 1851 in Clay, Indiana, USA. She married Abraham Stark, son of Daniel Stark and Elizabeth Unknown on June 06, 1798 in Shelby, Kentucky, USA. He was born on February 14, 1781 in Amswell Township., Washington County, Pennsylvania. He died on February 03, 1857 in Lewis Township., Clay County, Indiana. Abraham Stark and Sarah Stark had the following children:
i. REBECCA 3 STARK was born on April 10, 1799 in Shelby, Kentucky, USA. She died in 1897 in WA. She married Peter George Chastain about 1816 in Sullivan, Indiana. He was born on November 28, 1795 in Franklin County, Virginia. He died on February 24, 1852 in Lewis Twp, Clay County, Indiana. ii. ALEATHE STARK was born on November 19, 1800 in Shelby County, Indiana. She died in Clermont County, Ohio. She married William Manning on February 19, 1817 in Washington County, Indiana. He was born about 1800. He died in Clermont County, Ohio. iii. JESSE ABRAHAM STARK was born on July 29, 1802 in Shelby, Kentucky, USA. He died on October 15, 1877 in Webster, Iowa, USA. He married Sarah Bates on March 09, 1820 in Shelby, Kentucky, USA. She was born on June 14, 1802 in Kentucky, USA. She died on February 01, 1881 in Monticello, Jones, Iowa, USA. iv. WILLIAM STARK was born on February 05, 1804 in Kentucky, USA. He died after 1870 in Jennings, Scott, Indiana, USA. He married Keziah Kindle or Kendall on March 28, 1825 in Orange, Indiana, USA. She was born about 1806 in Kentucky, USA. She died after 1870 in Jennings, Scott, Indiana, USA. v. EMILIA "EMILY" ELIZABETH STARK was born in 1806 in Kentucky, USA. She died after 1850. She married Sanford Kendall on August 24, 1824 in Washington, Indiana, USA. He was born between 1800-1810. He died between 1846-1850.
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vi. STEPHEN D. STARK was born on February 28, 1808 in Henry, Kentucky, USA. He died on August 03, 1869 in Story, Iowa, USA. He married Elizabeth Waggoner on August 02, 1827 in Vernon Township, Washington County, Indiana. She was born on October 06, 1810 in Kentucky. She died on April 13, 1890 in Story, Iowa, USA. vii. DANIEL MCDANIEL STARK was born on September 25, 1809 in Clark, Indiana, USA. He died on July 23, 1881 in Pimento, Vigo County, Indiana. He married (1) LUCY ANN HARRIS on April 24, 1870 in Vigo, Indiana, USA. She was born in 1817 in Ohio, USA. She died after 1880. He married (2) PATIENCE WELCH on March 31, 1831 in Vigo, Indiana, USA. She was born on April 02, 1807 in Miami, Ohio. She died on September 19, 1869 in Pimento, Vigo County, Indiana. viii. ELISHA S. STARK was born on June 20, 1811 in Kentucky. He died before 1870 in Probably Linn County, Missouri. He married Nancy Stark, daughter of Jonathan J. Stark and Mary "Polly" Unknown on September 04, 1834 in Scott, Indiana, USA. She was born about 1817 in Indiana, USA. She died on November 07, 1888 in Louisville, Clay County, Illinois. ix. PHEBE STARK was born on January 07, 1813 in Butler County, Kentucky. She died before 1855 in Clay, Indiana, USA. She married Joshua Carman Stark Senior, son of Jonathan J. Stark and Mary "Polly" Unknown on August 06, 1837 in Scott, Indiana, USA. He was born in 1820 in Scott, Indiana, USA. He died after 1880 in Probably Illinois. x. RICE MCCOY STARK was born on December 01, 1814 in Kentucky, USA. He died on June 06, 1874 in Vigo, Indiana, USA. He married (1) DORCAS WHITAKER on November 14, 1837 in Vigo, Indiana, USA. She was born in 1821 in Kentucky, USA. She died before 1857. He married (2) NANCY MARIA CHRIST on September 24, 1857 in Clay, Indiana, USA. She was born on November 23, 1827 in Elk Creek, Shelby, Kentucky. She died on October 28, 1910 in Coalmont, Clay, Indiana, USA. xi. JAMES F. STARK was born about 1816 in Indiana, USA. He died about 1855 in Sullivan County, Indiana. He married Lucinda Unknown about 1836 in Probably Indiana. She was born in 1820 in Indiana, USA. She died after 1860. xii. ISAAC STARK was born on September 12, 1822 in Greene County, Indiana. He died on March 02, 1912 in Norman, Kearney County, Nebraska. He married Elizabeth Ann Richey on November 13, 1845 in Sullivan, Indiana, USA. She was born on May 01, 1829 in Indiana, USA. She died on December 24, 1905 in Ragan, Harlan County, Nebraska.
6. STEPHEN VENARD 2 STARK (Christopher 1 ) was born on March 04, 1781 in Washington, Pennsylvania, USA. He died on August 02, 1836 in Vernon Township, Washington County, Indiana. He married Hannah Alexander Purcell on April 01, 1805 in Shelby, KY. She was born on August 08, 1783 in Loudoun County, Virginia. She died on September 15, 1863 in Washington County, Indiana.Stephen Venard Stark and Hannah Alexander Purcell had the following children:
i. ABSALOM 3 STARK was born on April 08, 1806 in Henry, Kentucky, USA. He died on April 18, 1878 in Boomer, Orange, IN. He married Sarah Lee on November 24, 1831 in Orange, Indiana. She was born on November 20, 1813 in Indiana, USA. She died on April 25, 1900 in Orange, Indiana. ii. SARAH LUCY STARK was born on September 17, 1807 in Henry County, Kentucky. She married (1) OLIVER BREWER on October 23, 1832 in Washington, Indiana. She married RICHARD ARMSTRONG. He was born about 1807. iii. PHEBE STARK was born on February 25, 1809 in Henry, Kentucky, USA. She died on December 05, 1863 in Washington, Indiana. She married Joshua Mahan on February 25, 1830 in Washington, Indiana. He was born on December 29, 1808. He died on November 21, 1879 in Washington, Indiana. iv. MARY JANE PURCELL STARK was born on December 24, 1810 in Elks Creek Twp, Shelby, KY. She died on April 03, 1892 in Sullivan, Indiana. She married Thomas Reed Marts on March 02, 1830 in ,Washington, Indiana. He was born on April 30, 1807 in Shelby, KY. He died on January 22, 1881 in Shelburn, Sullivan, IN. v. NANCY STARK was born on November 16, 1813 in Henry, Kentucky, USA. She died on January 24, 1892 in Appanoose, IA. She married Philip Stark, son of David Stark and Mary Stark on March 05, 1834 in Washington, Indiana. He was born on August 22, 1814 in Clark, Indiana. He died in 1887 in Appanoose, IA. vi. VINEYARD STARK was born on September 25, 1815 in Vernon Twp, Washington, Indiana. He married Susan Kester on October 25, 1840 in Washington, Indiana. She was born about 1819 in Vernon Twp, Washington, Indiana. vii. PERMELIA STARK was born on August 04, 1817 in Vernon Twp, Washington, Indiana. She died in 1895 in Washington, Indiana. She married Jefferson Burris on March 07, 1837 in Vernon Twp, Washington, Indiana. He was born in 1811 in Pulaski, VA. He died in 1893 in Washington, Indiana.
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viii. SAMYRA ANN STARK was born on June 13, 1819 in Washington, Indiana. She married John E. Kidder on September 12, 1847 in Orange, Indiana. ix. HANNAH STARK was born on April 22, 1821 in Vernon Twp, Washington, Indiana. She married William H. Barton on May 21, 1850 in Orange, Indiana.
2 1 7. R UTH S TARK (Christopher ) was born on March 06, 1786 in Nelson County, Virginia (later Kentucky). She married Isaac Stark, son of Daniel Stark and Elizabeth Unknown on March 04, 1806 in Henry, Kentucky, USA. He was born about 1779 in Yohogania County, Virginia (later Washington County, PA).Isaac Stark and Ruth Stark had the following children:
i. PHEBE 3 STARK was born about 1807. She married John Slater on April 19, 1827 in Putnam, Indiana. ii. LEVI STARK. He married Matilda [Unknown] before 1827. iii. WILLIAM STARK. He married Euphania Palmer on November 09, 1843 in Putnam, Indiana iv. MARY ANN STARK. She married James Clark on November 06, 1846 in Putnam, Indiana. v. JAMES STARK. vi. THOMAS STARK.
8. PHEBE 2 STARK (Christopher 1 ) was born on April 10, 1794 in Nelson County, Kentucky. She married Benjamin Franklin Stark, son of John Stark and Elizabeth Eddy on November 05, 1822 in Washington County, Indiana. He was born in 1783 in Washington, Pennsylvania, USA. He died on January 03, 1831 in Pierson Township, Vigo County, Indiana. Benjamin Franklin Stark and Phebe Stark had the following children:
i. HULDA EDDY 3 STARK was born about 1823 in Vernon Twp, Washington, Indiana. She married Joseph Akers on February 14, 1844 in Vigo, Indiana, USA. He was born about 1823. ii. SERENA A. STARK was born about 1825 in Vernon Township, Washington, Indiana. She married William A. McCoskey on March 19, 1862 in Vigo, Indiana, USA. He was born about 1825. iii. MARY STARK was born about 1828 in Vigo, Indiana, USA. iv. BENJAMIN FRANKLIN STARK was born in 1830 in Vigo, Indiana, USA. He died on November 04, 1844 in Vigo, Indiana, USA .
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82 Part 6: Rev. William Wood, Sarah (Stark) Wood & Their Descendants Chapter 11: William Wood & Sarah (Stark) Wood
Chapter 11 William Wood & Sarah (Stark) Wood; A Sketch By Debbie Nordyke; Edited by Clovis LaFleur, July 2008
William Wood made his mark in history. From fighting Indians in Dunmore's War, to the establishment of the first Baptist Church in Limestone, Kentucky, and co-developer of the original Washington, Kentucky. While researching the Wood line I (Debbie Nordyke) came across the Unpublished Lyman C. Draper Manuscript notes, Series 8BB. These notes provide interviews and letters by Christopher Stark Wood, John G. Wood and the sons of their brother William, and other relatives. Some of the information offers conflicting data, due to the memories of individuals, but overall this is an excellent resource for the life of William Wood. There are several sources that give different variations on dates & places of births, marriages and deaths. Some of the early research done in the 1800's was carried forward without documentation. The Draper manuscript shows the Wood line as follows: Richard Wood > Thomas Wood > (Rev) William Wood. Thomas Wood came to America — landing in Philadelphia with his wife and 3 children, Richard, Rachel & William. William was about 4, at the time . Thomas died ca 1760 and William took care of the family. His brother Richard had married a Quaker woman and eventually moved to Mason County, Kentucky in 1788 — dying shortly before the War of 1812 — leaving 2 sons named Thomas and Allen. The following Timeline reports the major events between 1749 and 1784 in the lives of William and his spouse, Sarah Stark (daughter of Jonathan Stark & Sarah Lacock).
1749- Born, Ireland [*Conflicting dates for William's birth date: 1) 1748- England (Draper manuscript); 2) 1748- Ireland (letter from John G. Wood to Draper); 3) May 5, 1748 - (Marshall Research 1892) ; 4) May 5, 1749- Virginia (DAR 406237) (Wood Bible gives date, not place)] 1752-Landed in Philadelphia (Wm is about 4) 1765-Loudoun Co. Tithable (McIlhaney's List) 1767-Loudoun Co. Tithable (McIhaney's List) 1768-Loudoun Co. Tithable (McIhaney's List) 1769-Married Feb 14, Sarah Stark in Loudoun Co., VA (This is the most logical place) William is not on the Tithable list for this year. [*Conflicting dates & places for Marriage: 1) 1767- Maryland or NJ (Draper manuscripts); 2) September 1768 - (1892 Marshall research) (DAR 406237); 3) February 14, 1769- (Bible, date only) 1769-Loudoun Co., VA- Elizabeth born in December. 1770-Loudoun Co. Tithable (Hamilton's List) 1770-Redstone, VA/PA (converted to Baptist faith) 1772-Washington Co., VA/PA - Christopher born. 1774-Virginia Land Grants in Pennsylvania (Yohogania County): William Wood, watercourse-Pigeon. Also, grants for: Benjamin Fry, 1769, Monongahela; Luther Colvin, 1769, Pigeon; and Vincent Colvin, 1769, Pigeon. There are also grants for Amos Wood, 1774, Raccoon; John James Wood, 1775 Monongahela. 1774-Dunmore's War, William received militia pay at Pittsburgh. 1775- October - "Brother William Wood and his wife obtained a Letter of Dismission, himself licensed to preach," from "A History of the North Ten Mile Baptist Church, Amity PA #1 1773-1973, James R. Braden, Washington, PA, 1973. 1776-Redstone Association met with Rev William Wood representing Pike Run along. 1776-1780 Petitions (Lists of Inhabitants Washington Co., PA)-William Wood. 1777-Redstone Association met with William Wood representing Pike Run. 1780-Survey June 8, for 349 acres Yohogania County, VA/PA (Survey Map in "History of Washington County, PA") 1781-Tax List Fallowfield twp, Washington Co. PA-William Wood, ... acres, 2 horses, 3 cattle, 4 sheep 22 (value) 1782-Washington Co., PA- Wm witness to a deed with Jonathan Stark (1782- Yohogania County, Virginia - Petition objecting to Pennsylvania taking control of region: Signed by George Colvin and Jonathan Stark. No Wood mentioned.) 1784-Tax List Fallowfield twp, Washington Co., PA - Rev. William Wood. 1784-October, Redstone Association met with Rev. William Wood representing Pigeon Creek. 1784- December > Off to Kentucky.
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The Draper manuscripts had this incorrect report on the Stark lineage of Sarah: " William learned the stone cutting trade in PA. He took care of his mother for several years, she later died in PA. William, at about age 19, went to Maryland (south of York, PA) and married Sarah Stark, daughter of John, nephew of Gen John Stark of WV, in the year 1767 ." [Editor's comment: The lineage of Gen John Stark is well documented, and Sarah Stark who married Rev William Wood did not come from this line. This is some of the early research that has been carried forward without primary documentation.] Sarah Stark had removed from New Jersey with her family to Loudoun County, Virginia after the death of her father, Jonathan Stark in Sussex County, New Jersey. She and her mother, Sarah (Lacock) Stark, were probably living with Daniel Stark, an older brother of Sarah (Stark) Wood. The Draper manuscript published a letter from Elder John G. Wood, (s/o William), that reported the following: " Rev Wood born Ireland, 1748 - d. July 1819 at 71 - Came to American 1757. Married in NJ - moved to PA - to Loudoun Co., VA - Mason Co., KY - to Hamilton Co., OH in 1797 for 10 years and then to Green (later called Champaign) and to Logan. Mrs. Wood was Scotch - (Grandmother) and grandfather was English by birth ..." The Wood Bible gives the birth and marriage dates for William, but no locations. [Editor's comment: It is more likely William Wood and Sarah were married in Loudoun County, Virginia.] William took his new bride to the new settlement at Redstone Fort, in present day Washington County, Pennsylvania. However, shortly after arriving, an Indian conflict with the settlers forced William and his family to return to Loudoun County, where Elizabeth was born in December of 1769. Sarah's older brothers and Lacock relatives were still located in Loudoun County — probably a safer place for them to return to for Sarah to give birth. Since William continues on the Loudoun County tithable lists until 1768, not 1769 and then appears in 1770, this would fit the Draper manuscript notes. By the end of 1770, William is at Redstone and settled near Ten Mile Creek. This is where William was converted to the Baptist faith. He preached in neighborhoods in conjunction with John Corbly, Rev Mr. Majors, Rev James Ireland, & Rev Mr. Swingler. Christopher was born in 1772 a region that would later become Fallowfield Township, Washington County, Pennsylvania. In 1776, William was listed as participating in the Redstone Association meeting in October; representing Pike's Run. He was appointed clerk of the meeting. A request from Cross Creek for the constitution of a church was granted and William and John Corbly were appointed to officiate in constituting that church. In 1784, the Redstone Association met with Rev William Wood representing Pigeon Creek, which had a total of 35 members. There is a survey dated June 8, 1780, made upon the Virginia settlement certificates in Yohogania County, that reports William Wood was awarded land consisting of 349 acres; bordered to the east by Innis Run; south and west by Sugar Camp Run, with the Mill Road running through. Sugar Camp run was a tributary of Pigeon Creek. William moved his family from Pennsylvania (Devore's ferry on the Monongahela River, about halfway between Redstone and Pittsburgh), down the Ohio River, landing at Limestone, Fayette County, Virginia, around noon on December 31, 1784. Their flat bottom boats could not continue traveling the frozen river and severe weather forced the landing at Limestone. William Wood and family had originally intended to travel on to Nelson County, where Sarah (Stark) Wood's brothers had gone earlier. There are many references to their landing at Limestone sited in the sources below. Three boats of families left Pennsylvania for Kentucky. Along with Rev. Wood and his family were the families of Benjamin Fry and James Turner. According to the Draper MSS, Simon Kenton met the families at the landing and talked them into staying. The Draper manuscript mentions William raised two crops at Kenton's Station in 1785 and 1786. In the fall of 1786, he moved to what was to later become Washington, Mason County, Kentucky. Simon Kenton sold 400 acres to William Wood and Arthur Fry, this being land acquired while surveying in then Kentucky County, Virginia. The town of Washington was laid out in "in lotts" and "out lotts" by William Wood and Arthur Fox. Arthur Fox was a surveyor from Virginia and invested in the land with William. Arthur Fox, Sr. was buried in the Washington Baptist Church Cemetery in Old Washington. When Arthur died (~1794), William lost several thousand dollars. There were several other deeds in Mason County with William Wood's name listed. An example of a deed abstract: " July 28, 1789, William Wood and Sarah his wife and Arthur Fox and Mary his wife of Mason Co. AND James Turner of Mason Co., District Kentucky, state of Virginia, Tr: Sale of lots in Washington , Mason Co., Clerk: R. Rankin ." [This James Turner was the father of Mary Ann who later married William Wood's son Christopher.] Before Kentucky became a state in 1792, Fayette County was formed from Kentucky County, Virginia in 1780; from which Bourbon County was formed in 1786; Bourdon County later divided to form Mason County in 1789. Limestone, the original settlement, became Maysville, after 1790. Maysville became the county seat in 1844. Washington (original county seat), once a thriving town, eventually merged with Maysville. The original site is known as Old Washington, about 3 1/2 miles SW of Maysville. William Wood was the Grantee on the following Virginia land grants in Kentucky: 2,000 acres Fayette County Survey 12-24-1784 N. Fk. Licking, Book 14, p.11 / 300 acres Fayette County Survey 12-7-1785 Fk. Lawrence Cr, Book 12, p.33; / 740 acres Fayette County Survey 1-6-1786 N. Fk. Licking, Book 10, p.496 / 2,200 acres Bourbon County Survey 8-10-1788 N. Fk. Licking, Book 11, p.421 / and 10,207 acres Bracken County Survey 2-28-1798 Kincaid & Locust Crs., Book 19, p.273. [Editor's comment: Because William was living in the disputed lands of Washington County, Pennsylvania on a Virginia land grant, he was most likely entitled to replacement grants by Virginia. However, the Bracken County grant in this list was probably not Rev. William Wood.]
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Among the signers of petitions to Virginia to separate from Bourbon County, dated August, 1786: Abraham Wood, Andrew Wood, Benjamin Wood, John Wood, Richard Wood, and William Wood . In 1787, another petition to Virginia included the same names, plus George Wood. By 1788 the names included: Amos Wood, Andrew Wood, Christopher Wood, George Wood, and William Wood . I do not know the relationship of the various Wood families, except Christopher is the son of William Wood. It is possible that Richard Wood was William's brother. William was mentioned as a trustee December 19, 1793 when Washington, Mason County, was established by the 1793 acts of the 2nd General Assembly. He was again named a trustee when Franklin Academy was established December 15, 1795. Christopher Wood commented to Draper that Rev. William Wood had the second water mill in Washington, on Lawrence Creek, a mile below Kenton's Station, around 1789 or 1790. This would seem to be confirmed in the following Mason County, Kentucky Deed: " 8 April 1799 William WOOD, minister of the gospel in Mason co AND John Edwards, Sr., of Bourbon co Ky Tr: Sale of the Lower Mill on Lawrence Creek, Mason co, including mill dam, mill house, tailrace gards, etc. The Mill sold adjoins another mill sold previously to William COLEMAN. It had been purchased previously from Colonel Ramsey Black, and was located on land of Simon Kenton, Price - 1200£. Wt: Robert Frazier, Thomas Phillips, Adam Calderwood, Henry Clay Jr. Clerk: John Chambers. Deed #440, Mason County, Kentucky ." Limestone Church was organized in 1785 by Rev. William Wood — later named the Washington Baptist Church. William donated the land for the church and cemetery; this Church Cemetery today honored with an historical marker . The little iron gateway to the cemetery still remains. The first baptisms were performed in the Ohio River in August of 1788, in front of the town of Limestone (later to be come Maysville). Elizabeth Wood and Ann Turner were two of the persons baptized. The Washington Baptist Church was twice destroyed by fire. In 1889, the building was completely destroyed and not rebuilt. After an existence of more than a hundred years, the Church founded by Rev. Wood merged with the other remaining churches in the town of Washington. Living in Reverend Wood’s home was the mother of the Stark Brothers, Sarah (Lacock) Stark, spouse of Jonathan Stark [the elder]. Following is a relevant excerpt from " A History of Kentucky Baptists from 1769 to 1885 ," Volume 1, pages 67 & 68; by John H. Spencer (Published in Cincinnati by J. R. Baumes, 1886):
LIMESTONE CHURCH (now Washington) was another body of the kind organized on the soil of Kentucky in 1785. It was gathered by William Wood. It was constituted of nine members whose names were as follows: "William Wood, Sarah Wood, James Turner, John Smith, Luther Calvin, Priscilla Calvin, Sarah Starks, Charles Tuel, and Sarah Tuel."1 The church was located at or near the present town of Washington in Mason county. This was the oldest settlement in this region of the State. It is claimed that Simon Kenton raised a crop of corn here, in 1775, the same year that Boonesboro and Harrodsburg were settled, and the town of Washington was laid off ten years later, by Elder William Wood and a man of the name of Arthur Fox.
The Two Associations - Regular and Separate Baptists in early times: According to Spencer, it appears that the first families in the Boonesboro settlement were all Baptists; it is known that the Boones, Calloways and Frenches were Baptist. According to Collins History, the first marriage was performed there 7 August 1776 between Samuel Henderson and Betsy Calloway by Squire Boone, a younger brother of Daniel who was a Baptist preacher. By 1781, three Regular Baptist churches were organized and by the end of 1785, eighteen churches had been constituted - 11 Regular Baptists and 7 Separate Baptists. There were 19 licensed Regular Baptist ministers: Squire Boone, Joseph Barnett, James Garrard, John Whitaker, Augustin Eastin, Wm. Taylor, Wm. Marshall, John Tanner, George Stokes Smith, William Edmund Waller, Richard Cave, John Taylor, John Dupy, Lewis Craig, Elijah Craig, Wm. Hickman, Wm. WOOD, John Price and James Rucker. There were 7 Separate Baptist preachers: Benjamin Lynn, James Skaggs, James Smith, John Bailey, Joseph BLEDSOE, Joseph Craig and Robert Elkin. No organization bound any of these churches together until 1785 but it was decided that associations were needed. It was difficult in the fact that two different types of churches existed - the Regular and the Separate. The differences were called "trifling." The differences had come back in the early 1740's over the topic of revival in the Congregational church. Many persons had been fined and imprisoned for favoring revivals and it split the Congregational church. Those who favored revivals were called Separates because they separated from the established churches. Those remaining were called Regulars. This term later applied to the Baptist church as well. " Rev. William Wood continued as pastor until 1798, when a difficulty arose between him and one of the brethren, and the pastor, refusing to make satisfactory concessions, was declared "not one of us ." This quote comes from " A History of Baptists in Kentucky ". [Editor's comment: This might explain the family eventually moving to Ohio.] "William Wood, who served as the pastor of the Limestone Church from 1785 to 1798, founded the village of Washington, Kentucky. Around 1786 he visited John Gano, pastor of the First Church of New York City, and encouraged him in his moving to Kentucky." Spencer reported in the " Kentucky Baptists ", (1:67-68, 125-26) from John Gano's memoirs: " William Wood came and encouraged me to go to Kentucky. There were others in the County from New Jersey. I landed at Limestone 17 June 1787 and set out for Washington, Kentucky. Mr. Wood on my arrival took me into his own house ."
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William and Sarah moved to Ohio, as did four of their children. Since the church made him "not one of us" in 1798, he probably left for the North West Territory (OH) shortly after that event. The following deed puts William in Hamilton County (OH) in 1800: " February 20, 1800- William Coleman of Mason Co. and William Wood of Hamilton Co., North West Territory. Tr: Sale of Six lots in Washington, Mason Co. #127 to #131. Wt: Christopher Wood, Jesse Wood, Abner Barrite. Clerk: John Chambers Mason County, Kentucky Deed Book 1789-1810 ." (The William Coleman named above married Ann Wood, d/o William Wood) On a deed dated August 5 1810, he is named "William Wood of Mason Co." Another deed dated June 12, 1811: " I, William Wood of Clairmont [sic] Ohio appt Thomas Williams of Washington, Mason Co, attny, to give certificates for inn lotts containing 1/2 acre, and out lotts containing 5 acres, in Washington for me. Clerk John R. Bullock ." On January 24, 1811, two Justice of Peace had to get Sarah Wood'’s relinquishment of dowry rights. Clermont, Ohio was formed Dec 6, 1800 from Hamilton County, one of the first three counties formed in Ohio in 1790, being part of the Northwest Territory. The Draper manuscript notes report William and family following Simon Kenton to Warren County, Ohio in 1799, and settling on Brush Creek off the Little Miami River. A few years later he moved to Kings Creek, Champaign County; finally settling at Silver Lake, Logan County, where he is reported to have died. The following is based on information given to Draper by Christopher Wood: " William Wood died Harrison twp, Logan Co, July, 1820, 72 years and ca 2 months - buried where a Baptist church was supposed to be erected, with graveyard - not done - Judge Wood and 2 brothers took remains to Allen Co., Ohio, 4 miles from Lima, Ohio on Sugar Creek ." William is said to be buried next to Sarah Stark Wood in the Berryhill Cemetery in Allen County, Ohio. William and Sarah are not listed on a cemetery list. Berryhill Cemetery was created ca 1835, long after the death of William Wood. Reported in the Draper MSS, a letter written by William D. Wood (s/o William G., s/o Rev William), mentions an obituary notice for Rev William Wood from the "Old Family Bible", written by James M. Wood, s/o Albert G. Wood. It is unlikely that James wrote this epitaph, unless it was written decades after the death of William Wood. Albert G. was born in 1808 and his son James was probably not born before 1828. In the Draper MSS their is a letter from James M. Wood to Draper, who wrote, " You were right about Grandfather's death. I was away from home at the time ." Postmarked November 22, 1863, Allen County, Ohio (Grandfather is Christopher Wood.): " Departed this life on the 11th day of July 1819. The Rev. William Wood, after devoting 48 years of his life to the service of his Lord and master in the Gospel, and through all opposition he held out a faithful champion for the truth of the everlasting Gospel. And with an unshaken confidence he calmly reclined his head on the bosom of his Redeemer and breathed his life out sweetly then He cheerfully bid this world adieu without a sigh ." William and Sarah are my 5th great Grandparents. ______ Bibliography 1) Wood Family Bible. Last in the possession of William D. Wood (s/o of William G.). Copy received from Richard Duran. 2) Unpublished Lyman C. Draper (1815-1891) Manuscript notes, Series 8BB. Owned by the Wisconsin State Historical Society. 3) "Loudoun County, Virginia Tithables, 1758-1786", 3 vols, Marty Hiatt & Craig Roberts Scott, 1995 4) "Loudoun County, Virginia", List of Voters, Jean Jorgensen, 1983 5) "Virginia's Colonial Soldiers", Lloyd Bockstruck, p.146,147 6) "Virginia Militia in the Revolution", McAllister, p.180 7) "James Stark of Stafford County Virginia and his Descendants", compiled by Jean Jorgensen and Mary Harris, 1985. 8) "History of Washington County, Pennsylvania", edited by Boyd Crumrine, 1882. (Survey Map) 9) Pennsylvania Archives, Series 3, #22, p.734. 10) "Tax Lists of Washington County, Penna. 1784-85, 1793", DAR Washington Co.PA, 1955 11) "Dates of Settlement from Virginia Certificates, Washington County, Pennsylvania", by Raymond Bell, NGSQ, Sept 1957 Vol 45, #3 p.132. 12) "History of Maysville and Mason County, Kentucky Volume One", G. Glenn Clift, 1936 13) "The Historic Past of Washington, Mason County, Kentucky", Edna Hunter Best, 1944 14) Mason County Kentucky Deed Book A-L, 1789-1810, Book M-V, 1810-1820. 15) Extracts of Kentucky Assembly Records (1792 - 1799) 16) "A History of Baptists in Kentucky", Frank M. Masters. Publication of the Kentucky Baptist Historical Society, No. 5. 17) "A History of Kentucky Baptists, From 1769 to 1885", Vol 1, J.H. Spencer 18) "Pioneer Life in Kentucky 1785-1800", Daniel Drake, M.D. (1735-1852) 19) "The Kentucky Land Grants" Vol 1, Part 1, Chapter II Virginia Grants (1782-1792), The Counties of Kentucky, p.138, p.253 20) Lifeline, Volume 4, July 1990, #3; Publication of the Livingston County (MO) Genealogical Society. © This work is the property of Deborah Nordyke. It may be used freely by individuals for research, teaching and personal use as long as this statement is included in the text. This work may not be sold or published to the internet without the authors permission. revised 6/99
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Chapter 12 William and Sarah (Stark) Wood Descendants; Three Generations
Generation 1 1. WILLIAM 1 WOOD was born on May 05, 1749 in County Sligo, Ireland. He died on July 11, 1819 in Logan County, Ohio. He married Sarah Stark, daughter of Jonathan Stark [The Elder] and Sarah Lacock Laycock on February 14, 1769 in Loudoun County, Virginia. She was born on June 12, 1752 in Morris, New Jersey, USA. She died on February 02, 1835 in Sugarcreek, Allen County, Ohio. William Wood and Sarah Stark had the following children:
2. i. ELIZABETH 2 WOOD was born on December 04, 1769 in Loudoun County, Virginia. She died on August 04, 1850 in Cincinnati, Clermont, Ohio, USA. She married William Goforth on November 05, 1796 in Mason County, Kentucky. He was born in 1766 in New York, USA. He died in 1817 in Cincinnati, Clermont, Ohio, USA. 3. ii. CHRISTOPHER STARK WOOD was born on March 09, 1772 in Fallowfield twp, Washington County, Pennsylvania. He died on November 16, 1855 in Fulton County, Indiana. He married Mary Ann Turner on October 06, 1797 in Washington, Mason County, Kentucky. She was born on March 06, 1779 in Pennsylvania, USA. She died on February 16, 1844 in Bath twp, Ohio. 4. iii. PHEBE WOOD was born on May 14, 1774 in Washington, Pennsylvania, USA. She married (1) JEREMIAH SHANNON on May 05, 1795 in Mason County, Kentucky. She married MATHIAS ROSS. iv. SARAH WOOD was born on October 25, 1776 in Washington, Pennsylvania, USA. She died about 1814 in Urbana, Champaign County, Ohio. She married Abner Barritt on January 03, 1797 in Cynthiana, Harrison County, Kentucky. He was born in 1775 in Maryland. He died on July 14, 1848 in Urbana, Champaign County, Ohio. 5. v. JESSE WOOD was born on May 25, 1779 in Washington, Pennsylvania, USA. He died on May 06, 1857 in Ripley, Brown County, Ohio. He married Keturah Thorpe on August 30, 1798 in Mason County, Kentucky. She was born on September 22, 1778 in Maryland. She died on September 12, 1851 in Maysville, Kentucky. 6. vi. ANN WOOD was born on June 13, 1781 in Washington, Pennsylvania, USA. She died in Harrison County, Kentucky?. She married William Coleman on June 28, 1798 in Mason County, Kentucky. He was born on December 05, 1768 in Virginia. He died after 1830 in Harrison County, Kentucky?. vii. BENJAMIN WOOD was born on October 20, 1783 in Washington, Pennsylvania, USA. He died on October 27, 1810 in Ohio, USA. viii. RHODA WOOD was born on September 11, 1786 in Mason County, Kentucky. She died on December 20, 1811. She married MATTHEW REED. 7. ix. MARY "POLLY" WOOD was born on January 15, 1789 in Mayvile, Mason County, Kentucky. She died on May 16, 1858 in Iowa Center, Iowa. She married (1) WILLIAM DAVID DAVIS on April 13, 1807 in Champaign County, Ohio. He was born on June 17, 1783. He died on August 21, 1824 in Ohio, USA. She married UNKNOWN CARPENTER. x. JOHN G. WOOD was born on July 17, 1791 in Mason County, Kentucky. He died on January 27, 1870. He married ANN KENNISON. xi. HESTER WOOD was born on September 18, 1793 in Mason County, Kentucky. She married JOHN COCHRAN. 8. xii. WILLIAM G. WOOD was born on March 20, 1796 in Mason County, Kentucky. He died on April 24, 1856 in Kosciusko County, Indiana. He married (1) ELIZABETH DAVIS before 1822. She was born on November 05, 1799. She died on March 11, 1827. He married (2) ELIZABETH JACKSON on November 28, 1830 in Ohio, USA. She was born on February 22, 1806. She died on November 20, 1886.
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2. ELIZABETH 2 WOOD (William 1 ) was born on December 04, 1769 in Loudoun County, Virginia. She died on August 04, 1850 in Cincinnati, Clermont, Ohio, USA. She married William Goforth on November 05, 1796 in Mason County, Kentucky. He was born in 1766 in New York, USA. He died in 1817 in Cincinnati, Clermont, Ohio, USA. William Goforth and Elizabeth Wood had the following children:
i. JEMINA 3 GOFORTH. ii. WILLIAM GOFORTH. iii. POOL GOFORTH. iv. JOHN GOFORTH. v. CHARLOTTE GOFORTH. vi. JEFFERSON GOFORTH.
3. CHRISTOPHER STARK 2 WOOD (William 1 ) was born on March 09, 1772 in Fallowfield twp, Washington County, Pennsylvania. He died on November 16, 1855 in Fulton County, Indiana. He married Mary Ann Turner on October 06, 1797 in Washington, Mason County, Kentucky. She was born on March 06, 1779 in Pennsylvania, USA. She died on February 16, 1844 in Bath twp, Ohio. Christopher Stark Wood and Mary Ann Turner had the following children:
i. MOSTEN 3 WOOD was born after 1798. He married SARAH PEACH. ii. JOSEPH WOOD was born after 1798. He married PATSY DAVIS. iii. NANCY WOOD was born after 1798. She married RICHARD PEACH. iv. SARAH WOOD was born about 1798 in Mason County, Kentucky. She died between 1830-1832 in Ohio, USA. She married Benjamin Dolph on April 06, 1824 in Bellefontaine, Logan County, Ohio. He was born in 1791 in New York, USA. v. SEMARIMUS WOOD was born between 1799-1818. She married HENRY LIPPINCOTT. vi. ELIZABETH WOOD was born between 1799-1818. She married SAMUEL LIPPINCOTT. vii. MARY ANN WOOD was born between 1799-1818. She married JOHN BAKEHORN. viii. ALBERT GALLATIN WOOD was born on April 01, 1808 in Champaign County, Ohio. He died on February 25, 1890 in Allen County, Ohio. He married EMILY BURCH. She was born on December 27, 1813 in Champaign County, Ohio. She died on June 12, 1859 in Bath Twp, Allen County, Ohio. ix. WILLIAM HARRISON WOOD was born on April 10, 1819 in Ohio, USA. He died on September 07, 1866. He married Nancy Reynolds on April 09, 1851. She was born on May 01, 1832. She died on July 22, 1904. x. CAROLINE WOOD was born on August 22, 1822 in Ohio, USA. She died on June 22, 1901 in Logan County, Ohio. She married Andrew Jackson Lippincott in 1848 in Ohio, USA. He was born on October 03, 1822. He died on November 05, 1885 in Logan County, Ohio. xi. BENJAMIN WOOD was born about 1824. xii. JAMES WOOD was born about 1826.
4. PHEBE 2 WOOD (William 1 ) was born on May 14, 1774 in Washington, Pennsylvania, USA. She married (1) JEREMIAH SHANNON on May 05, 1795 in Mason County, Kentucky. She married MATHIAS ROSS . Jeremiah Shannon and Phebe Wood had the following child:
3 i. M IRA S HANNON .
2 1 5. J ESSE W OOD (William ) was born on May 25, 1779 in Washington, Pennsylvania, USA. He died on May 06, 1857 in Ripley, Brown County, Ohio. He married Keturah Thorpe on August 30, 1798 in Mason County, Kentucky. She was born on September 22, 1778 in Maryland. She died on September 12, 1851 in Maysville, Kentucky. Jesse Wood and Keturah Thorpe had the following children:
3 i. W ILLIAM W . W OOD was born on June 25, 1799 in Mason County, Kentucky. He died on December 25, 1851. He married (1) M ARY C . P HILLIPS on November 23, 1845. He married (2) C ATHARINE A NN S HELTON on August 02, 1821. She was born on October 05, 1800. She died on January 16, 1844.
ii. S USAN W OOD was born on October 12, 1800 in Mason County, Kentucky. She married Samuel Kerr on September 12, 1822 in Mason County, Kentucky. He was born on August 21, 1796.
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iii. ANDREW T. WOOD was born on September 26, 1802 in Mason County, Kentucky. He married Amanda Webb on October 20, 1825 in Maysville, Mason County, Kentucky. She was born on November 09, 1805. She died in 1866. iv. SARAH WOOD was born on December 01, 1804 in Mason County, Kentucky. She died on July 15, 1849. She married Ebenezer Jenkins on July 11, 1832 in Mason County, Kentucky. v. ABIGAL WOOD was born on December 03, 1806 in Mason County, Kentucky. She died in 1881. vi. JOHN THOMAS WOOD was born on July 27, 1808 in Mason County, Kentucky. He died on August 21, 1864. He married Rachel Webb on August 27, 1832 in Maysville, Mason County, Kentucky. She was born on October 28, 1809 in Mason County, Kentucky. She died on February 27, 1881 in Boonsboro, Missouri. vii. JESSE W. WOOD was born on June 02, 1810 in Mason County, Kentucky. He died on May 13, 1844. viii. DAVID T. WOOD was born on December 13, 1811 in Mason County, Kentucky. He died on March 22, 1847. He married Mary Shelton on October 30, 1839. She was born on January 23, 1817. ix. JOSEPH C. WOOD was born on December 26, 1813 in Mason County, Kentucky. He married Catherine Stout on October 12, 1835 in Maysville, Mason County, Kentucky. She was born on July 07, 1816. She died before 1848. x. CATHERINE ANN "KATY ANN" WOOD was born on October 03, 1815 in Adams County, Ohio (now Brown County, Ohio). She married George Washington Flaugher on August 22, 1835 in Mason County, Kentucky. He was born on September 16, 1813 in Adams County, Ohio (now Brown County, Ohio). He died on November 03, 1851 in Aberdeen, Brown County, Ohio. xi. EZEKIEL HENRY WOOD was born on December 12, 1817 in Mason County, Kentucky. He married Mary E. Power on September 07, 1853. She died on May 12, 1857. xii. ABIE THORPE WOOD was born on May 27, 1820 in Mason County, Kentucky. She married Gilbert Creighton Marshall on March 19, 1845 in Maysville, Mason County, Kentucky.
6. ANN 2 WOOD (William 1 ) was born on June 13, 1781 in Washington, Pennsylvania, USA. She died in Harrison County, Kentucky?. She married William Coleman on June 28, 1798 in Mason County, Kentucky. He was born on December 05, 1768 in Virginia. He died after 1830 in Harrison County, Kentucky?. William Coleman and Ann Wood had the following children:
i. ELIZABETH 3 COLEMAN was born after 1799. ii. LEWIS COLEMAN was born after 1799. iii. ANN COLEMAN was born after 1799. iv. NAPOLEON BONAPARTE COLEMAN was born in 1799 in Kentucky. He died in 1833 in Cynthiana, Harrison County, Kentucky. He married Scythia Davis Chinn on May 01, 1821 in Harrison County, Kentucky. She was born on March 27, 1806. She died in 1832 in Cynthiana, Harrison County, Kentucky. v. SARAH STARK COLEMAN was born about 1804 in Cynthiana, Harrison County, Kentucky. She died on November 04, 1821 in Cynthiana, Harrison County, Kentucky. She married William Miller Baylor on July 27, 1820 in Harrison County, Kentucky. He was born on September 25, 1791 in Lincoln County, Kentucky. He died on February 23, 1859 in Fayette County, Texas. vi. LETITIA B. COLEMAN was born on December 05, 1812 in Cynthiana, Harrison County, Kentucky. She died on April 04, 1865 in Fayette County, Texas. She married William Miller Baylor on September 27, 1827 in Harrison County, Kentucky. He was born on September 25, 1791 in Lincoln County, Kentucky. He died on February 23, 1859 in Fayette County, Texas.
2 1 7. M ARY " POLLY" W OOD (William ) was born on January 15, 1789 in Mayvile, Mason County, Kentucky. She died on May 16, 1858 in Iowa Center, Iowa. She married (1) W ILLIAM D AVID D AVIS on April 13, 1807 in Champaign County, Ohio. He was born on June 17, 1783. He died on August 21, 1824 in Ohio, USA. She married U NKNOWN C ARPENTER . William David Davis and Mary "Polly" Wood had the following children:
3 i. C YRUS D AVIS was born on April 20, 1810. ii. S ARAH S . D AVIS was born on January 31, 1812. She married Andrew Wood on September 14, 1841 in Kosciusko County, Indiana.
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iii. THOMAS C. DAVIS was born on February 24, 1816 in Champaign Co, Ohio. He died on September 16, 1897 in Eldorado, Kansas. He married (1) LOVINA GRIFFIN on April 22, 1858 in Story Co, Iowa. She was born on January 04, 1820 in New York, USA. He married (2) JOSEPHINE ELIZABETH FRY on February 06, 1879 in Story Co, Iowa. She was born on September 02, 1844 in Crawford Co, Pa. She died on December 13, 1917 in Eldorado, Kansas. He married (3) RUHAMY BENNETT on August 23, 1837 in Indiana, USA. She was born on September 10, 1821 in Virginia?. She died on May 17, 1849 in Kosciusko Co, Indiana. iv. WILLIAM W. DAVIS was born on April 12, 1818. v. MARY ANN DAVIS was born on November 09, 1823.
8. WILLIAM G. 2 WOOD (William 1 ) was born on March 20, 1796 in Mason County, Kentucky. He died on April 24, 1856 in Kosciusko County, Indiana. He married (1) ELIZABETH DAVIS before 1822. She was born on November 05, 1799. She died on March 11, 1827. He married (2) ELIZABETH JACKSON on November 28, 1830 in Ohio, USA. She was born on February 22, 1806. She died on November 20, 1886. William G. Wood and Elizabeth Davis had the following children:
i. SARAH 3 WOOD was born on September 15, 1822. ii. ELMIRA WOOD was born on January 22, 1824. She died on May 16, 1903 in Azusa, California. She married Enos Willits on April 18, 1848. iii. CHRISTOPHER C. WOOD was born on September 30, 1825. iv. JOHN WOOD was born on March 06, 1827. He died on March 20, 1827.
William G. Wood and Elizabeth Jackson had the following children:
v. JOHN J. WOOD was born on November 14, 1831 in Ohio, USA. He died on January 26, 1888. He married Elizabeth Penrod on April 09, 1854. She was born on April 19, 1829. vi. ELIZABETH WOOD was born on February 13, 1833 in Ohio, USA. vii. WILLIAM D. WOOD was born on October 08, 1834 in Allen County, Ohio. He married Delilah Ritter on April 30, 1863 in Kosciusko County, Indiana. viii. HARRISON WOOD was born on August 19, 1837 in Ohio, USA. He died on August 26, 1837 in Ohio, USA.
90 Part 7: John Stark & Elizabeth Eddy Chapter 13: John Stark & Elizabeth Eddy Biography, Their Children, & Grandchildren
Chapter 13 John Stark & Elizabeth Eddy, Their Children, & Grandchildren
John Stark's date of birth is not known with certainty. He was most likely born about or after 1754 in Sussex County, New Jersey, the son of Jonathan Stark and Sarah Lacock. John did not appear in any of the records with the Stark brothers while they were living in Loudoun County, Virginia. His not appearing on the tax list would suggest he was under the age of 16 during this period of time, this being the reason he was not reported on the list. He was quite possibly born after 1754; but most likely not later than 1760, for John first appears in the Pennsylvania Revolutionary War records in early 1781, serving with his brother, Joseph, in Captain Abner Howell's Company.[1] John married Elizabeth Eddy between 1780 and 1783 in Washington County, Pennsylvania.[2] Genealogical researchers had not been certain of the surname of Elizabeth for many years. However, a publication by Raymond Martin Bell and Irene Putnam Lignian reported: "Elizabeth Eddy, b. c1764 m c1788 ____ Stark."[3] The person named Stark was most likely John Stark. John's son Benjamin named one of his daughter's Hulda Eddy Stark another possible clue Elizabeth's surname was Eddy.[4] John Stark was reported on the 1783 Washington County tax list as follows[5]: "Stark, Joseph, 240 acres, 2 horses, 2 cows / Stark, John, no land, 2 horses, 2 cows, 6 sheep." They were residents of Amwell Township were Joseph and John Stark were most likely in the same household. Although the location of the Joseph Stark property in Amwell Township is not known with certainty, they could have been living near the Lacock families. The 1783 tax list provides the best documented evidence of the place of residence in 1783 of the men with the surname Stark and suggests their probable place of residence prior to that year. In 1786, James Stark, Jonathan Stark, Daniel Stark, Christopher Stark, Joseph Stark, and John Stark were reported on the Nelson County, Virginia (later became Kentucky) tax list.[6] Joseph Stark and John Stark were reported on the Nelson County Tithable list of David Cox in 1785. Joseph was on line 39 of the list and John was on line 40 indicating they were living close together or on the same property. David Cox's District was described as "on all the waters of Cox's Creek, Simpton Creek Easterly to the County Line northerly of Chaplins Fork." This provides a clue to where they may have been living. "Simpton Creek " was present day Simpson Creek, a tributary of the Salt River lying to the east of Cox's Creek. John was next reported living in Henry County in 1800 and reported as a resident through 1809. His son, Benjamin, was first reported in 1803; was absent or not reported in 1804; and was reported as a resident again from 1805 through 1808. In the 1810 census, John Stark (Junior) ad brother Benjamin were reported living in Henry County, Kentucky, near their cousins who were children of Joseph Stark and spouse Hannah. Therefore, sometime after the 1809 Kentucky tax list was completed and before the 1810 Kentucky census was taken, John Stark (Senior) had most likely moved to Scott County, Indiana. The next record reports John was a resident of Scott County, living next door to his son, Benjamin.[7]
Head of the House: John Stark Males: [10 & under 16 = 1] [16 & under 26 = 1] 26 & under 45 = 2] [45 & over = 1] Females: [16 & under 26 = 1] [26 & under 45 = 1] [45 & over = 1] Benjamin's wife died after the 1820 census and November 5, 1822, he married Phebe Stark, daughter of Christopher Stark and Martha Vineyard, in Washington County, Indiana.[8] ______ 1) Pennsylvania Archives," 6th Series, Volume 2, Page 118 begins the Class Roll of Captain Abner Howell's Company. On page 120, William Venerd (probably Vineyard) was on the 5th Class Roll; on the 7th Class Roll was John Stark and Joseph Stark; and on the 8th Class Roll was James Veneard (probably Vineyard) and Isaac Lacock. 2) Clovis LaFleur Estimate: Researchers suggest the oldest child of this couple, Benjamin Stark, was born in about the year 1783. Assuming the marriage occurred before his birth, then the marriage would most likely have been within this time frame. The Bell & Lignian publication (Footnote 3) reported the marriage occurred ca. 1788. It is most unlikely this marriage occurred after 1784 when John Stark was living in Kentucky. 3) Raymond Martin Bell & Irene Putnam Lignian, The Lacock Family of Washington County, Pennsylvania (Washington, Pennsylvania, 1986), page 10. Elizabeth was the daughter of John Eddy. John Stark and Elizabeth Eddy named a daughter Edith "Eddy" Stark, the spelling the same as reported in this publication. Documents report this daughter as Eddy Stark suggesting she may have had her mothers before marriage surname as her middle name. 4) Source of Will: Transcribed Copy from will book A:34, Indiana library. Transcribed by Sheila (Stark) Schmutz, Dec. 10, 2006 / Will of Benjamin Stark (1783 PA --- 1831 IN), son of John Stark (1754 NJ --- 1841 IN) / Recorded July 3, 1829. A True Record. C. Gilbert, Clerk. Quote: "In the name of God Amen. I Benjamin Starke of the county of Vigo and State of Indiana .... And the rest of the estate after defraying all exp .. shall be divided equally amongst my five daughters, namely Ma ..., Elizabeth, Cyrena, Hulda Eddy, and Mary, reserving six dollars ..." 5) Raymond Martin Bell, Washington County, Pennsylvania Tax Records 1783. Paper by this title stamped R. M. Bell, 1506 1st Ave. N. Apt. 3, Coralville, IA, 52241-1125. 6) URL: http//ftp.rootsweb.com/pub/usgenweb/ky/nelson/taxlists/taxes/nelson1.txt. TAXLIST Nelson County Tithes 1785-1791, Nelson County, Kentucky. Transcribed by Mary Yoder, [email protected]; Date 11 Oct 2000. 7) Ancestry.com. 1820 United States Federal Census [database on-line]. Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2009. Images reproduced by FamilySearch. Source Citation: Year: 1820; Census Place: Lexington, Scott, Indiana; Roll M33_14; Page: 154; Image: 237. 8) Dodd, Jordan. Indiana Marriages to 1850 [database on-line]. Provo, UT, USA: The Generations Network, Inc., 1997.
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John was reported as a resident of Scott County, Indiana in the 1830 census. His will was probated April 11, 1842 in Scott County, Indiana. His son John (Junior) was named as Executor. Heirs named were: Wife, Elizabeth / Sons, John, Henry, Leonard, Luther, Benjamin, Thomas / Daughters, Eddy, Polly. The following is a transcription of the Will made September of 1841. The last will and testament of John Stark of Scott County, Indiana I John Stark being of sound mind and disposing memory do hereby publish this my last will and testament hereby revoking and entirely ...... all former wills by me made or published. 1st I commend my soul to God and my body I bequeath to mother Earth to be buried of in such a manner as my friends may deem proper. 2nd I give and bequeath to my beloved wife Elizabeth one third of the ...... and pr...... of all my real estate her unto after willed to John Henry Leonard and Luther Stark & to ...... during her natural life to be paid annually, also one Bed and the necessary bedding and as much household and kitchen furniture as may be necessary for her comfortable support, also all her wearing apparel which she may dispose of as she thinks proper. 3rd I give and bequeath to my sons John and Henry the East half of the South West of Section two in Township number two (2) South of Range (8) Eight East containing Eighty acres. 4th I give and bequeath to my sons Leonard and Luther the south East quarter of the ...... described Section no. (10) ten the South half to be for the use and benefit of Leonard and the north half to be for the use and benefit of Luther. 5th I give and bequeath to my sons John and Henry each forty dollars to be paid out of the proceeds of my personal estate. 6th I give and bequeath to my sons Benjamin and Thomas (or their legal heirs) twenty dollars each making forty dollars to be paid by my Executor. 7th I give and bequeath to my daughter Eddy all my right ..... interest claims on demand to any and all the estate of my daughter Polly deceased which was by willed to the said Eddy at her decease. 8th I further direct that my personal property be sold by my Executor and after the payment of the ...... herein before charged out of the proceeds of the same the payment of all my such debts by me owing the balance shall be divided among my heirs except Benjamin and Thomas. And now to carry into effect the provisions above made I do hereby constitute & appoint my son John Stark my sole Executor of this my last will and testament. In testimony I have hereunto set my hand and affixed my seal this third day of ...... John Stark (_____ his mark) September 1841 Signed sealed and delivered in presence of us: Thomas McCamset, Edward Samar The State of Indiana State Office Scott County In April 11, 1842 This day came formally before me in my office Thomas McComset and Edward Samar the subscribing witnesses to the within will and testament of the within named John Stark dec.. and upon their oaths proved the same according to the law which is admitted to Record N...... my hand. Willis I. Macles This document suggests John Stark died after he made his Will and before the date of Probate, that is between September of 1841 and April of 1842. ______ 1) Will in Scott County, Indiana; Book A, Page 22 / Will was probated 4-11-1842. Exec: son, John Stark / Witt: Thomas McCament, Edward LaMar / Heirs: wife, Elizabeth; Sons, John, Henry, Leonard, Luther, Benjamin, Thomas; Daughters, Eddy, Polly, deceased. Contributor: Sheila (Stark) Schmutz
92 Part 7: John Stark & Elizabeth Eddy Chapter 13: John Stark & Elizabeth Eddy Biography, Their Children, & Grandchildren
Descendants of John Stark & Elizabeth Eddy Their Children & Grandchildren
1. JOHN 1 STARK was born in 1754 in Sussex County, New Jersey. He died after September 03, 1841 in Scott, Indiana, USA. He married Elizabeth Eddy about 1780 in Washington, Pennsylvania, USA. She was born before 1760. She died about 1845 in Scott County, Indiana. John Stark and Elizabeth Eddy had the following children:
2. i. BENJAMIN FRANKLIN 2 STARK was born in 1783 in Washington, Pennsylvania, USA. He died on January 03, 1831 in Pierson Township, Vigo County, Indiana. He married (1) MARY ANN ARNOLD on March 04, 1804 in Henry, Kentucky, USA. She was born before 1784. She died in 1821 in Scott, Indiana, USA. He married (2) PHEBE STARK, daughter of Christopher Stark and Martha Vineyard on November 05, 1822 in Washington County, Indiana. She was born on April 10, 1794 in Nelson County, Kentucky. 3. ii. JOHN STARK JR. was born on June 06, 1785 in Nelson County, Kentucky. He died on November 05, 1864 in Scott, Indiana, USA. He married Elizabeth Snodgrass on April 15, 1839 in Scott, Indiana, USA. She was born in 1805 in Kentucky. iii. MARY STARK was born about 1787. She died in 1841 in Scott, Indiana, USA.
4. iv. HENRY STARK was born in 1791 in Kentucky. He died on March 03, 1855 in Clark, Indiana, USA. He married (1) JANE COVERT on August 07, 1845 in Clark, Indiana, USA. She was born in 1801 in Indiana, USA. He married (2) ELIZABETH GRAY on March 22, 1835 in Clark, Indiana, USA. She was born before 1815. She died before 1845. 5. v. JOSEPH LEONARD STARK was born about 1794 in Kentucky. He died before 1850 in Vigo, Indiana, USA. He married Sarah Acres about 1810 in Henry County, Kentucky. She was born in 1794 in Kentucky. She died after 1850 in Vigo, Indiana, USA. vi. EDITH "EDDY" STARK was born in 1799 in Kentucky. She died before 1880. She married (1) HENRY SCHAFER on March 16, 1854 in Scott, Indiana, USA. He was born about 1799. She married (2) DAVID STARK, son of Daniel Stark and Elizabeth Unknown on March 18, 1845 in Scott, Indiana, USA. He was born on May 19, 1775 in West District of Augusta, Augusta County, Virginia (later Washington County, PA). He died on November 05, 1857 in Scott, Indiana, USA. 6. vii. LUTHER STARK was born on November 15, 1804 in Henry County, Kentucky. He died on December 12, 1874 in Scott, Indiana, USA. He married Mary Ann Watkins on October 07, 1829 in Clark, Indiana, USA. She was born on December 27, 1809 in North Carolina. She died on February 27, 1887 in Lexington, Scott County, Indiana. viii. THOMAS STARK was born before 1805. He died before 1870. He married Lucinda Gobel on January 13, 1825 in Clark, Indiana, USA. She was born about 1805.
2. BENJAMIN FRANKLIN 2 STARK (John 1 ) was born in 1783 in Washington, Pennsylvania, USA. He died on January 03, 1831 in Pierson Township, Vigo County, Indiana. He married (1) MARY ANN ARNOLD on March 04, 1804 in Henry, Kentucky, USA. She was born before 1784. She died in 1821 in Scott, Indiana, USA. He married (2) PHEBE STARK , daughter of Christopher Stark and Martha Vineyard on November 05, 1822 in Washington County, Indiana. She was born on April 10, 1794 in Nelson County, Kentucky. Benjamin Franklin Stark and Mary Ann Arnold had the following children:
i. CHRISTIANA 3 STARK was born on February 14, 1805 in Henry, Kentucky, USA. She died on November 15, 1845 in Scott, Indiana, USA. She married Isaac Jones Kimberlin on June 20, 1821 in Scott, Indiana, USA. He was born on December 11, 1794 in Hampshire, VA. He died on March 18, 1880 in Nabb, Scott, IN. ii. MARIAH STARK was born on March 17, 1809 in Henry, Kentucky, USA. She died on August 11, 1868 in Greenville, Floyd, Indiana, USA. She married (1) HIRAM CARROLL on March 08, 1829 in Clark, Indiana, United States. He was born on April 30, 1808 in , Randolph County, North Carolina. He died in 1845 in , Bartholomew County, Indiana. She married (2) JACOB J. KIMBERLIN on December 16, 1845 in Scott, Indiana, USA. He was born on June 30, 1800 in Green Co, PA. He died on September 03, 1864 in Greenville, Floyd, Indiana, USA. iii. JOHN ARNOLD STARK was born on April 27, 1811 in Henry, Kentucky, USA. He died on March 06, 1874 in Linton, Vigo, IN. He married Sarah Ann Welch on April 03, 1834 in Vigo, Indiana, USA. She was born on January 10, 1815 in Ohio, USA. She died on October 19, 1894 in Sullivan, Indiana.
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iv. MARTHA STARK was born about 1814 in Clark, Indiana. She died on November 11, 1850. She married Edward Fouts on March 29, 1834 in Clark, Indiana. He was born about 1814. v. SUSANNAH STARK was born about 1814. She married Henry Bower on August 14, 1834 in Clark, Indiana. He was born about 1814. vi. HENRY ARNOLD STARK was born about 1815 in Kentucky, USA. He married (1) LOUISA JANE AKERS on January 06, 1836 in Floyd, IN. She was born in 1819 in Indiana, USA. She died before 1870 in Floyd, IN. He married (2) LEODOCIA [UNKNOWN] after 1870 in Floyd, IN. She was born in 1833 in Indiana, USA. vii. ELIJAH ARNOLD STARK was born on March 21, 1820 in Scott, Indiana, USA. He died on August 18, 1890 in Hamilton Twp, Sullivan, IN. He married Carmellia Weeks on June 22, 1843 in Vigo, Indiana, USA. She was born in 1809. She died in 1853. viii. ELIZABETH STARK was born on April 11, 1818 in Clark County, Indiana. She died on April 22, 1867 in Burlington, Des Moines Co, IA; Buried @Aspen Grove Cemetery, Burlington, Des Moines Co, IA. She married Samuel Minor Trulock on February 22, 1834 in Clark, Indiana, USA. He was born on November 16, 1812 in Bourbon, Kentucky, USA. He died on November 30, 1864 in Franklin, Tennessee, USA.
Benjamin Franklin Stark and Phebe Stark had the following children: ix. HULDA EDDY STARK was born about 1823 in Vernon Twp, Washington, Indiana. She married Joseph Akers on February 14, 1844 in Vigo, Indiana, USA. He was born about 1823. x. SERENA A. STARK was born about 1825 in Vernon Township, Washington, Indiana. She married William A. McCoskey on March 19, 1862 in Vigo, Indiana, USA. He was born about 1825. xi. MARY STARK was born about 1828 in Vigo, Indiana, USA. xii. BENJAMIN FRANKLIN STARK was born in 1830 in Vigo, Indiana, USA. He died on November 04, 1844 in Vigo, Indiana, USA.
3. JOHN 2 STARK JR. (John 1 ) was born on June 06, 1785 in Nelson County, Kentucky. He died on November 05, 1864 in Scott, Indiana, USA. He married Elizabeth Snodgrass on April 15, 1839 in Scott, Indiana, USA. She was born in 1805 in Kentucky. John Stark Jr. and Elizabeth Snodgrass had the following children:
i. MARGARET L. 3 STARK was born in 1840 in Scott, Indiana, USA. She married John L. Hough on October 21, 1858 in Scott, Indiana, USA. He was born in 1838 in Indiana, USA. ii. ELIZABETH CHARLOTTE STARK was born in 1841 in Scott, Indiana, USA. She married SHEILDS. He was born about 1841.
4. HENRY 2 STARK (John 1 ) was born in 1791 in Kentucky. He died on March 03, 1855 in Clark, Indiana, USA. He married (1) JANE COVERT on August 07, 1845 in Clark, Indiana, USA. She was born in 1801 in Indiana, USA. He married (2) ELIZABETH GRAY on March 22, 1835 in Clark, Indiana, USA. She was born before 1815. She died before 1845. Henry Stark and Jane Covert had the following child:
i. MARTHA ANN 3 STARK was born in 1846 in Clark, Indiana, USA.
Henry Stark and Elizabeth Gray had the following children:
ii. THOMAS LEE STARK was born in 1836 in Indiana, USA. He died on January 09, 1908 in Vincennes, Knox County, Indiana. He married Sarah Jane Kimberlin on March 24, 1859 in Scott, Indiana, USA. She was born on July 06, 1841 in Scott, Indiana, USA. iii. SIDNEY JANE STARK was born on May 17, 1837 in Indiana, USA. She died on November 15, 1921 in Clarksville, Clark, IL. She married Joel Clapp on February 14, 1855 in Scott, Indiana, USA. He was born on December 28, 1829 in Clark, Indiana. He died on June 30, 1898 in Clarksville, Clark, IL.
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5. JOSEPH LEONARD 2 STARK (John 1 ) was born about 1794 in Kentucky. He died before 1850 in Vigo, Indiana, USA. He married Sarah Acres about 1810 in Henry County, Kentucky. She was born in 1794 in Kentucky. She died after 1850 in Vigo, Indiana, USA. Joseph Leonard Stark and Sarah Acres had the following children:
i. JOHN 3 STARK was born in 1812 in Kentucky, USA. He married SARAH ANN [UNKNOWN]. She was born in 1816 in Ohio, USA. ii. WILLIAM ACRES STARK was born on April 07, 1816 in Kentucky, USA. He died on August 21, 1890 in Clark, Illinois, USA. He married Burnema Liston after 1850 in Vigo, Indiana, USA. She was born on July 29, 1827 in Vigo, Indiana, USA. She died on August 01, 1896 in York, Crawford, IL. iii. LUCINDA STARK was born in 1822 in Indiana, USA. She married Edward D. Minor on August 11, 1849 in Vigo, Indiana, USA. He was born before 1829. iv. INDIANA STARK was born on April 22, 1822 in Indiana, USA. She died on December 24, 1902 in Honey Creek Twp, Vigo, IN. She married (1) [UNKNOWN] before 1858 in Vigo, Indiana, USA. He was born about 1822. She married (2) WILLIAM L. AKERS about 1862 in Vigo, Indiana, USA. He was born in 1836 in Illinois, USA. v. CATHERINE E. STARK was born in 1836 in Indiana, USA.
6. LUTHER 2 STARK (John 1 ) was born on November 15, 1804 in Henry County, Kentucky. He died on December 12, 1874 in Scott, Indiana, USA. He married Mary Ann Watkins on October 07, 1829 in Clark, Indiana, USA. She was born on December 27, 1809 in North Carolina. She died on February 27, 1887 in Lexington, Scott County, Indiana. Luther Stark and Mary Ann Watkins had the following children:
i. THOMAS CALVIN 3 STARK was born in 1830 in Scott, Indiana, USA. He died on November 08, 1896 in Peru, Chautauqua, KS. He married Louisa Jane Johnston on May 13, 1855 in Putnam, Indiana. She was born in 1838 in Scott, Indiana, USA. She died on April 29, 1929 in Bartlesville, Washington, OK. ii. WILLIAM W. STARK was born in 1832 in Scott, Indiana, USA. He married C. A. [Unknown] about 1861 in Indiana, USA. She was born in 1845 in Indiana, USA. iii. JOHN J. STARK was born in 1833 in Scott, Indiana, USA. iv. LEMON R. STARK was born on October 22, 1837 in Scott, Indiana, USA. He died on July 15, 1892 in Lexington, Scott, Indiana, USA. He married Rhoda D. [Unknown] about 1862. She was born in December 1836 in Indiana, USA. She died on May 24, 1926 in Lexington, Scott, Indiana, USA. v. ELIZABETH G. STARK was born in 1840 in Scott, Indiana, USA. vi. SARAH E. STARK was born in 1842 in Scott, Indiana, USA. She died before August 15, 1871 in Indiana, USA. She married Benjamin Franklin Kimberlin, son of Isaac Jones Kimberlin and Christiana Stark on November 01, 1860 in Scott, Indiana, USA. He was born on July 07, 1825 in Scott, Indiana, USA. He died on May 12, 1863 in Civil War. vii. MARY A. (AMANDA M.) STARK was born in 1843 in Scott, Indiana, USA. She died on September 01, 1911 in Scott, Indiana, USA. She married Milton Benjamin Cole on September 11, 1861 in Scott, Indiana, USA. He was born on June 20, 1840 in Indiana, USA. He died on May 15, 1911 in Scott, Indiana, USA. viii. RHODA MAY STARK was born on June 22, 1845. She died on March 20, 1920 in Scott, Indiana, USA. She married James Harvey Noe on April 15, 1866 in Scott, Indiana, USA. He was born on August 08, 1842 in Indiana, USA. He died on November 13, 1913 in Nabb, Scott, IN. ix. MARION LUTHER STARK was born in 1849 in Scott, Indiana, USA. He died in 1912 in Scott, Indiana, USA. He married Margaret A. Ferguson on March 20, 1872 in Scott, Indiana, USA. She was born in 1848. She died in 1918 in Scott, Indiana, USA.
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96 Volume 4: Aaron Stark Family Chronicles / The Kentucky Stark Families Appendix: The Stark Families & The Emancipation Ministers
Appendix 1 The Stark Families & The Kentucky Emancipation Ministers By Clovis LaFleur, June 2010
Introduction Enacted by the Confederation Congress on July 13, 1787, the Northwest Ordinance established the basic framework of the American territorial system and established the boundaries of a region known as the Northwest Territory. This region was eventually divided into the present States of Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, Michigan, and Wisconsin. The Ordinance allowed these subsequent divisions a measure of self-government until their populations exceeded sixty thousand; at which time they could then draft a constitution and summit an application for Statehood. Of significance to this discussion was Article VI — which prohibited Slavery in the newly formed Northwest Territory north of the Ohio River . The Southwest Ordinance was passed in 1790 and allowed Slavery south of the Ohio River. With the enactment of these Ordinances, Kentucky was allowed to become a Slave State while the eventual States of Ohio and Indiana would become “free” States. The Kentucky Baptist were of two minds on the issue of slavery — many congregations approving while others disapproved . In these early years in Kentucky, the abolition of slavery was championed by Reverend Joshua Carman and Reverend Josiah Dodge — their Churches becoming members of the Salem Baptist Association — which included Cox Creek Baptist Church (organized in April of 1785). As early as 1789, these two men were outspoken in their opposition to slavery. Were the Stark families sympathetic to this cause? The Emancipation Ministers Cox Creek Baptist Church, Severn's Valley Baptist Church, and Rolling Fork Baptist Church organized the Salem Baptist Association between 1785 and 1790 with these Churches among the first members. Reverend Joshua Carman began as minister of Severn's Valley in 1787, but soon after taking that position, organized the Rolling Fork Church in 1788. He was replaced at Severn's Valley by Josiah Dodge. Both Churches were in the Southwestern part of Nelson County before Kentucky became a State. In October of 1789, The Rolling Fork Church sent a letter to the Salem Baptist Association which ask the following question: “ Is it lawful in the sight of God for a member of Christ's Church to keep his fellow-creatures in perpetual slavery? " The association replied, " The Association judge it improper to enter into so important and critical a matter at present ." While the answer was unsatisfactory, the Rolling Fork Church continued to address the issue until the congregation withdrew from the Association in 1796. Josiah Dodge was a member of the congregation at Severn's Valley Baptist Church and no doubt his views of slavery were influenced by his association with Joshua Carman. Dodge was a preacher at Severn's Valley, but his qualifications as a minister were questioned by that church and in 1791, Severn's Valley requested the Salem Association have him examined by competent preachers. The ministers chosen for the examination were James Garrard, William Wood, William Taylor, and Baldwin Clifton. Reverend William Wood of Mason County was the brother-in-law of the Stark brothers — married to their sister, Sarah Stark . The examination took place at Cox Creek Baptist Church. These men declared they were satisfied with Josiah Dodge's qualifications and recommended he be ordained. It was most unusual for a Church within an Association to make such a request — this request perhaps made because of the Reverend's condemnation of the institution of slavery — for Dodge was among the first Baptist ministers in Kentucky to refuse fellowship to slave holders.
The Stark Brothers and Slavery While living in Nelson County, the Stark Brothers were most likely members of one or more of the Churches belonging to the Salem Association and could have been in agreement with the views of Carman and Dodge. Their brother-in-law, William Wood, had recommended Dodge be ordained in 1791, suggesting he may have believed in emancipation, although there was also a shortage of qualified ministers in Kentucky at the time. Elisha Stark — a son of Reverend Abraham Stark — named one of his sons Joshua Carman Stark; and Jonathan J. Stark — a son of James Stark — also named a son Joshua Carman Stark. Giving the name of Joshua to two Stark children would seem to imply these particular Stark families most likely embraced Reverend Carman’s position on the issue of slavery. On examining the 1810 census for Kentucky, none of the families who were descendants of Jonathan Stark and Sarah Lacock were reported to be slave holders, further suggesting owning slaves may have been contrary to their beliefs. By 1800, it became obvious Reverends Carman and Dodge could not bring any considerable number of Kentucky Baptist to their view resulting in a decline in their influence within the Kentucky Baptist Associations. Both moved to Ohio between 1800 and 1805, becoming ministers in the Miami Baptist Association in Greene County, Ohio — their primary reason for moving most likely due to the slavery issue . Reverend William Wood continued as pastor of the Limestone Church in Mason County until in 1798, a difficulty arose between him and one of the brethren. The pastor, refusing to make satisfactory concessions, was declared "not one of us." Although Reverend Wood’s initial move to Green County, Ohio may have been prompted by his removal from the Limestone Church, it is also possible he moved to Ohio because of his anti-slavery sentiments.
97 Volume 4: Aaron Stark Family Chronicles / The Kentucky Stark Families Appendix: The Stark Families & The Emancipation Ministers The Stark families had an association with these men over the years and may well have been Kentucky Baptist emancipationist. It is quite possible that when the anti-slavery questions were again introduced in the Baptists Associations from 1805 to 1807 — and rejected in it’s finality by those bodies — many members of these associations decided they could not live with neighbors who owned slaves and moved across the Ohio River into the Northwest Territory. Most certainly, it was at about this time the Stark families — descendants of Jonathan Stark and Sarah Lacock — began to migrate into the Indiana Territory. Most had moved to these regions north of the Ohio River by 1820, a distance of only 25 to 50 miles from their homes in Kentucky. ______ Bibliography Spencer, John H., A History of Kentucky Baptists from 1769 to 1885. 2 Volumes. (Cincinnati: J. R. Baumes, 1886). Volume 1, pages 67 & 68; pages 162 & 163; pages 187 & 188; and pages 283 & 284. [Scroll down for excerpts from Volume 1 relative to Joshua Carman, Josiah Dodge, John Sutton, and William Wood.]
Excerpts From "A History of Kentucky Baptists from 1768 to 1885." Following are relevant excerpts from "A History of Kentucky Baptists from 1769 to 1885." By John H. Spencer (Published in Cincinnati by J. R. Baumes, 1886). Consists of two volumes. All of the following quotes are from Volume 1 .
Reverend Joshua Carman In 1787, Joshua Carman became pastor of Severn’s Valley Baptist and soon afterwards became pastor of the Rolling Forks Church, organized in 1788. In J. H. Spencer’s “ A History of Kentucky Baptist ,” can be found these comments ( Volume 1, pages 162 & 163):
" Rolling Fork Church was located in the southern part of Nelson County. It was constituted in 1788, and united with the Salem Association the same year. It was probably gathered by Joshua Carman, an enthusiastic Emancipationist. This church sent with its letter to the Association (in October, 1789), the year after it obtained admission into that body, the following query: ‘Is it lawful in the sight of God for a member of Christ's Church to keep his fellow-creatures in perpetual slavery?’ (Answer) ‘The Association judge it improper to enter into so important and critical a matter at present.’ This answer was unsatisfactory. The church continued to agitate the subject of slavery, till, in 1796, it withdrew from the Association. JOSHUA CARMAN, who appears to have been the founder and first pastor of Rolling Fork, was probably a native of Western Pennsylvania. He was among the early settlers of Nelson County, Kentucky. For a number of years he was an active minister in the bounds of Salem Association, and was several times appointed to preach the introductory sermon before that body. He was regarded a man of good ability, and was much beloved by the brethren. But, becoming fanatical on the subject of slavery, he induced Rolling Fork church to withdraw from the Association, in 1796, and declare non-fellowship with all slave-holders. He attempted to draw off Cedar Creek church, of which, according to tradition, he was pastor at that time. But, failing in this attempt, he collected the disaffected members from that church, Cox's Creek and Lick Creek, and, with the assistance of Josiah Dodge, constituted an Emancipation church, about six miles north-west of Bardstown. This church soon withered away, and Rolling Fork church returned to Salem Association. The exact date of constituting this Emancipation church, or the name it bore, is not now known, but it is supposed to have been the first organization of the kind in Kentucky. Mr. Carman, finding himself unable to bring any considerable number of Baptists to his views, moved to eastern Ohio (1801), where it is said he raised up a respectable church, and preached to it till the Lord took him away .”•
According to Spencer, Joshua Carman was the first minister of a Church organized April 27, 1794 on or near Elk Creek . Spencer presented the following brief history of this Church (pages 283 & 284).
“ ELK CREEK church is the oldest in Spencer county, and the oldest in Long Run Association, except Cedar Creek, at first known as Chenowiths Run. It was gathered by Joshua Morris, then pastor of Brashears Creek church in Shelby county, and was constituted of ten members, April 27, 1794. It was at first called Buck Creek and was received into Salem Association the same year it was constituted. It soon afterwards took the name of Buck & Elk -- perhaps in consequence of the removal of its location, and the constituting of another church in 1799, in an adjoining neighborhood, which took the name of Buck Creek. Salem Association met with Buck & Elk church in 1798. Joshua Carman appears to have been its first pastor. In 1803, Buck & Elk, with 23 other churches, formed Long Run Association. At that time it was the largest church in the new fraternity, except Buck Creek, and contained 149 members. In 1823, it changed its name to Elk Creek. This name is derived from a small tributary of Salt River, on which the church is located .”
These events occurred while the Stark families were living on Cox Creek and later on Elk Creek. What is the relevance of Joshua Carman to the Stark Families? Elisha Stark — a son of Reverend Abraham Stark — named one of his sons Joshua Carman Stark; and Jonathan J. Stark — a son of James Stark — also named a son Joshua Carman Stark. Giving the name of Joshua to two Stark children would seem to imply these particular Stark families most likely embraced Reverend Carman’s position on the issue of slavery.
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Reverend Josiah Dodge When Joshua Carman left Severn’s Valley Baptist Church in 1788 to become the pastor of Rolling Fork Church, he was replaced by Josiah Dodge. Spencer had these remarks concerning Reverend Dodge (pages 187 & 188): “ JOSIAH DODGE was among the first preachers in Kentucky, who refused to fellowship slave holders. He was set apart to the ministry, at Severns Valley church in Hardin county. Joshua Carman, a brief sketch of whose life has been given, was called to the care of that church in 1787. He was a zealous emancipationist, and under his ministry, doubtless, Mr. Dodge imbibed his sentiments on that subject. Mr. Carman preached but a short time to this church. When he resigned, Josiah Dodge became its preacher, being a licentiate. In 1791, Severns Valley church sent Mr. Dodge to Salem Association, at Cox's Creek, with a request that the Association would appoint competent preachers to examine him, with respect to his ministerial qualifications. For this purpose the Association appointed James Garrard (afterward governor of Kentucky), William Wood of Mason county, William Taylor and Baldwin Clifton. These brethren reported that they were entirely satisfied with his qualifications. The Association "resolved that brother Josiah Dodge be ordained." This was a singular proceeding for a Baptist Association. But the scarcity of ministers, at that time, rendered it expedient. The Association was careful to state in their minutes that their action in this case was at the request of the church of which Mr. Dodge was a member. ”• Reverend William Wood of Mason County was the brother-in-law of the Stark brothers — married to their sister, Sarah Stark .
Reverend John Sutton John Sutton arrived in Kentucky in 1790 and settled in Woodford County. Spencer had the following comments related to the life of Reverend Sutton (pages 187 & 188). “ JOHN SUTTON was the next preacher who agitated the subject of emancipation with any considerable effect, in Kentucky. He was a native of New Jersey. In early life he went to Nova Scotia as a missionary. He was in that province, as early as 1763. After remaining there till 1769, he started to return to New Jersey. But on his way, he visited Newport, Rhode Island. Here he accepted an invitation to preach to the first church in that town. After remaining there six months, he went on his journey to New Jersey. After his arrival, he was called to succeed Samuel Heaton in the pastoral care of Cape May church. Here again, his stay was brief. After this he spent a brief period in Virginia, and was pastor a short time, of Salem church located 36 miles south-west of Philadelphia. Then he spent a time in the Redstone country (southwestern part of Pennsylvania), from whence he came to Kentucky . He settled in Woodford county, and became a member of Clear Creek church, not far from the year 1790. Here he commenced a warfare against slavery, and became so turbulent that he was arraigned before the church for his abuse of the brethren. But having won Carter Tarrant, pastor of Hillsboro and Clear Creek churches, to his views, they led off a faction from each of these bodies and formed New Hope church of ‘Baptists Friends of Humanity.’ This was the first abolition church within the bounds of Elkhorn Association .” Sutton moved to the Redstone Country from New Jersey at about the same time as Reverend Henry Crossley, the same minister who was a witness to the Joseph Lacock Will in New Jersey in 1760. Therefore, Sutton was well known to the Stark family.
Reverend William Wood Living in Reverend Wood’s home was the mother of the Stark Brothers, Sarah (Lacock) Stark, spouse of Jonathan Stark [the elder]. Early in 1785, Reverend Wood organized the Limestone Baptist Church in Washington in Mason County at the request of Simon Kenton who promised William good land for a cheap price. Spencer wrote the following about Reverend William Wood and Limestone Baptist Church (pages 67 & 68): WILLIAM WOOD appears to have been a man of culture and considerable ability. He was among the early settlers of Mason county, and was probably from New York. He purchased a thousand acres of land on which the town of Washington in Mason county now stands, and, in 1785, he and Arthur Fox laid off that town. The same year, he gathered Washington church, to which he ministered as pastor till 1798. In this year complaint was made against him in the church, on account of some business transactions. Failing to give satisfaction to the church, he was excluded from its fellowship. After this we hear no more of him .... LIMESTONE CHURCH (now Washington) was another body of the kind organized on the soil of Kentucky in 1785. It was gathered by William Wood. It was constituted of nine members whose names were as follows: “William Wood, Sarah Wood, James Turner, John Smith, Luther Calvin, Priscilla Calvin, Sarah Starks, Charles Tuel, and Sarah Tuel.” The church was located at or near the present town of Washington in Mason county. This was the oldest settlement in this region of the State. It is claimed that Simon Kenton raised a crop of corn here, in 1775, the same year that Boonesboro and Harrodsburg were settled, and the town of Washington was laid off ten years later, by Elder William Wood and a man of the name of Arthur Fox.
99 Volume 4: Aaron Stark Family Chronicles / The Kentucky Stark Families Appendix: The Stark Families & The Emancipation Ministers
100 Volume 4: Aaron Stark Family Chronicles / The Kentucky Stark Families Tombstones
Daniel Stark (James Stark5, Jonathan Stark [The Elder]4, William Stark (Junior)3, William Stark (Senior)2, Aaron Stark [1608-1685]1) was born about 1771 in Probably Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania, and died 18 MAR 1840 in Bullitt County, Kentucky. He was buried in Old Mount Moriah Cemetery, Old Boston, Nelson County, Kentucky. He married Margaret Gunterman 30 DEC 1803 in Bullitt County, Kentucky. She was born 18 OCT 1778 in Sussex County, New Jersey, and died 17 SEP 1862 in Bullitt County, Kentucky. She was buried in Old Mount Moriah Cemetery, Old Boston, Nelson County, Kentucky. Comments: Daniel Stark [1771-1840] Photo & comment by Chris Breen - 11/24/2008 This stone has broken diagonally, and repaired with a metal brace. The broken top half of the stone is very dark. The epitaph in the lower half of the stone is very difficult to read (half is on the top piece).
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