DOCSLIB.ORG

Dhirubhai Ambani and Reliance

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Dhirubhai Ambani and Reliance Dhirubhai Ambani and Reliance “Our dreams have to be bigger. Our ambition higher. Our commitment deeper. And our efforts greater. This is my dream for Reliance and for India.” - Dhirubhai Ambani. "The country has lost an iconic proof of what an ordinary Indian fired by the spirit of enterprise and driven by determination, can achieve in his own lifetime. Not only did Ambani build a large and diversified business conglomerate but also inspired many first generation entrepreneurs with his success."” - Atal Bihari Vajpayee, Prime Minister, Republic of India. "Dhirubhai built an empire that is rock solid and he will always remain an icon." - Kumar Mangalam Birla, Chairman, Aditya Vikram Birla Group. THE DEATH OF AN ICON The 6th of July 2002 was a black day in the Indian corporate history. The Founder and Chairman of the Reliance group of Industries (Reliance), Dhirajlal Hirachand Ambani (Dhirubhai) died after a 13 day battle for survival. A perfect combination of entrepreneurship and leadership, Dhirubhai transformed Reliance from a company with a turnover of Rs 640 million in 1976, to one with a turnover of Rs 620 billion in 2002. Starting with a small textile mill in Naroda, in 1966,Dhirubhai took Reliance into various areas like petrochemicals, polyester filament yarn, oil and gas exploration and production, refining and marketing of petroleum, textiles, power, telecom services, information management and financial services (Refer Exhibit I for Reliance Group of Companies). Dhirubhai never followed the textbook style of management. Instead, he evolved a unique style, which combined the American style of entrepreneurship, with the Japanese focus on the latest technology. And to this, he added the innate shrewdness of a Gujarati businessman. Analysts feel that he was a perfect manager of time, money and men and exhibited a passion to find solutions to problems. Dhirubhai started Reliance at a time when most companies in India were owned by the government, and the private players were given step-motherly treatment by the government while offering licenses and permits. Similarly, when most Indian business houses depended on government – owned financial institutions for funds, Dhirubhai raised capital from the public by offering shares of his companies. BUILDING RELIANCE Dhirubhai was born on December 28, 1932, to Hirachand Govardhandas Ambani and Jamunaben Hirachand Ambani. He was the middle of five children, three boys and two girls (Refer Exhibit II for the Dhirubhai family tree). His father was a local school teacher in a village called Chorwad in the Junagadh district of Gujarat. After his matriculation in 1949, Dhirubhai left for Aden, (now in Yemen) at the young age of 17. His first job was to fill gas and collect money at a Shell petrol station, earning Rs 300 a month. Within a few years, he rose to the position of a sales manager (Refer Exhibit III for Chronology of Events) in the same company. After working for eight years in Aden, Dhirubhai decided to come back to India and start something on his own. On December 31, 1958, he came back to Mumbai and started the Reliance Commercial Corporation (RCC) with a borrowed capital of Rs.15,000. RCC was mainly involved in exporting commodities like ginger, cardamom, pepper, turmeric, and cashewnut. Using his connections in Aden, he exported a wide range of commodities to Aden. Aden, being a free port attracted lot of exports. In the mid 1960s, the Government of India (GoI) introduced an export promotion scheme under which the earnings from the export of rayon fabrics could be used for the import of nylon fiber. This attracted Dhirubhai's attention and he decided to switch from spices to textiles. In 1966, he set up a spinning mill at Naroda 20 kms from Ahmedabad with borrowed funds of Rs 2,80,000 and registered it (Reliance Textile Industries) as a powerloom unit with a paid up capital of Rs 150,000. Another program, the High Unit Value Scheme introduced by the GoI in 1971 gave tremendous boost to Reliance textiles. The scheme allowed the import of polyester filament yarn against the export of nylon fabrics. RCC was benefited the most from this scheme and its exports constituted more than 60% of exports under this scheme. There were rumors that the scheme was solely devised for Dhirubhai.Dhirubhai strongly denied the allegations saying that Reliance cannot be blamed for taking advantage of the scheme „when others kept their eyes shut.‟ He said “I do not consider myself cleverer than my colleagues in the industry. If there was a very large margin of profit, why did they not take advantage of it?”[1] When the High Unit Value scheme ended in 1978, Dhirubhai focused his attention on the domestic market. During this time, Reliance Textiles was not a very well known name in the domestic market. His first priority was to establish the Vimal[2] brand, under which Reliance Textiles sold its fabrics in India. An advertising programme was launched to facilitate its entry into the domestic market. Dhirubhai knew that a strong brand image was crucial for winning the consumer's confidence. To achieve this objective, Reliance tried to emphasize the superior quality of its fabric in all its advertisements. Besides this, Dhirubhai also took steps to develop an efficient distribution system for Vimal as he found that the existing marketing channels were inadequate and inefficient. However, things were not that easy. When Reliance entered the domestic market, it faced lot of resistance from the traditional cloth merchants, as their loyalties lay with the older mills. Confronted with this situation, Dhirubhai decided to move away from the traditional wholesale trade and open his showrooms to tap new markets. He appointed several agents from non-textile backgrounds for the same. Dhirubhai adopted the concept of company stores from its main competitor, Bombay Dyeing (Refer Exhibit IV), and pursued it on a grand scale. Dhirubhai toured the entire country intensively, offering franchises to shareholders. Dhirubhai promised that Reliance would provide financial and advertising support. In his search for high volumes, Dhirubhai identified a new market - the non- metro urban segment. By 1980, Reliance fabrics were available all over India through 20 company owned retail outlets, over 1000 franchised outlets, and over 20,000 retail stores. BACKWARD INTEGRATION To strengthen his position further, Dhirubhai decided to integrate backwards and produce fibers. He planned to set up a polyester filament yarn (PFY) manufacturing plant at Patalganga[3] . Dhirubhai started work on the plant in 1981. He wanted to make it a world-class plant equipped with the best machinery and having the best faculties. The technology for the production of PFY was sourced from USA's Du Pont De Nemours[4]. However, Dhirubhai did not want to make Du Pont an equity partner. He felt that when technology was easily available in the international markets, it was not necessary to enter into a 51 % equity partnership with a foreign company. In spite of the demand for PFY being 6000 tons per annum (tpa), Dhirubhai built a 10000 tpa plant with a built-in expansion provision of 15000 tpa. However, the demand for PFY declined considerably after the government‟s decision to reserve PFY for small-scale weavers. As a result, the bigger mills were compelled to use cotton. To overcome the problem and ignite demand, Dhirubhai announced a buyback scheme according to which, Reliance would sell its 'Recron' brand of yarn to small powerlooms. These powerlooms would then sell the grey cloth back to the company for finishing and eventual sale under the Vimal brand name. By 1983, PYF had become a major revenue earner for Reliance. Dhirubhai continued to add new capacities and upgrade technology. All these efforts facilitated at making Reliance the lowest cost polyester producer in the world. In 1984, Dhirubhai got the license to manufacture purified terephthalic acid (PTA), one of the chemicals from which PFY and polyester staple fiber (PSF) can be manufactured. He then integrated sideways manufacturing linear alkyl benzene (LAB) used by detergent manufacturers, thermoplastics like poly vinyl chloride (PVC), high density poly ethylene (HDPE) and low density poly ethylene (LDPE) used by plastic processors. Gradually, Reliance started manufacturing petrochemical intermediaries like paraxylene, n-paraffin and mono ethylene glycol (MEG), and ethylene, the basic raw material for all petrochemical bi-products and intermediaries. And finally it entered into production and extraction of oil (Refer Exhibit V for Backward Integration). In 1991, Dhirubhai embarked on his most cherished project at Hazira (Gujarat)-to build the largest single multi-feed ethylene cracker plant in the world. The plant produces ethylene (imported so far), propylene to make PP, xylene to make PX, benzene to make LAB. The Jamnagar plant commissioned in 1999, the world's largest refinery with a capacity of 27 million tonnes per annum, was the single largest investment ever made at a single location in India. Besides the refinery, the plant included India's largest port terminal, fully automated rail-road loading and product dispatch terminal, a 3.5 million tonne tank farm, a 500MW power plant, a 12 mgd sea water desalination plant, a 1000-giga byte IT network, connecting 50 servers and 2,500 terminals with 200 km long optic fibre cables. This plant accounts for over 25% of India's total refining capacity. The process of expansion revealed Dhirubhai‟s interest in integrating vertically and
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Complete List of Books in Library Acc No Author Title of Book Subject Publisher Year R.No
    Complete List of Books in Library Acc No Author Title of book Subject Publisher Year R.No. 1 Satkari Mookerjee The Jaina Philosophy of PHIL Bharat Jaina Parisat 8/A1 Non-Absolutism 3 Swami Nikilananda Ramakrishna PER/BIO Rider & Co. 17/B2 4 Selwyn Gurney Champion Readings From World ECO `Watts & Co., London 14/B2 & Dorothy Short Religion 6 Bhupendra Datta Swami Vivekananda PER/BIO Nababharat Pub., 17/A3 Calcutta 7 H.D. Lewis The Principal Upanisads PHIL George Allen & Unwin 8/A1 14 Jawaherlal Nehru Buddhist Texts PHIL Bruno Cassirer 8/A1 15 Bhagwat Saran Women In Rgveda PHIL Nada Kishore & Bros., 8/A1 Benares. 15 Bhagwat Saran Upadhya Women in Rgveda LIT 9/B1 16 A.P. Karmarkar The Religions of India PHIL Mira Publishing Lonavla 8/A1 House 17 Shri Krishna Menon Atma-Darshan PHIL Sri Vidya Samiti 8/A1 Atmananda 20 Henri de Lubac S.J. Aspects of Budhism PHIL sheed & ward 8/A1 21 J.M. Sanyal The Shrimad Bhagabatam PHIL Dhirendra Nath Bose 8/A2 22 J.M. Sanyal The Shrimad PHIL Oriental Pub. 8/A2 Bhagabatam VolI 23 J.M. Sanyal The Shrimad PHIL Oriental Pub. 8/A2 Bhagabatam Vo.l III 24 J.M. Sanyal The Shrimad Bhagabatam PHIL Oriental Pub. 8/A2 25 J.M. Sanyal The Shrimad PHIL Oriental Pub. 8/A2 Bhagabatam Vol.V 26 Mahadev Desai The Gospel of Selfless G/REL Navijvan Press 14/B2 Action 28 Shankar Shankar's Children Art FIC/NOV Yamuna Shankar 2/A2 Number Volume 28 29 Nil The Adyar Library Bulletin LIT The Adyar Library and 9/B2 Research Centre 30 Fraser & Edwards Life And Teaching of PER/BIO Christian Literature 17/A3 Tukaram Society for India 40 Monier Williams Hinduism PHIL Susil Gupta (India) Ltd.
    [Show full text]
  • Minimal Invasive Excision of Spinal Tumors Using Tubular Retractors
    Minimal Invasive Excision of Spinal Tumors using Tubular Retractors. Abhaya Kumar MBBS, MS, FRCS Kokilaben Dhirubhai Ambani Hospital,Mumbai India Introduction Results Learning Objectives Excision of Spinal intradural extramedullary tumors 48 patients were included in the study who were Spinal tumours can be excised without doing full traditionally been with open methods with wide followed up for minimum of 6 months.30 had laminectomy. laminectomy.Tubular Retractors have been used for intradural extramedullary tumors,15 had Minimal Access spine surgery.Using Tubular extramedullary tumors and 3 had intramedullary retractors to access spinal intradural tumors is the tumors.Most of the tumors were in thoracic Post op pain and CSF complications can be new advancement in spinal surgery.I present my region.The average operating time with tubular reduced significantly using tubular retractors. experience with excision of spinal tumors using retractor system was 90.5 (range 60-250) Tubular retractors. minutes.Length of stay in the present study was References about 3 days (2-6 days). The average size of Methods incision was about 2.4 (range 2.0-3.5) centimeters. Retrospective and prospective analysis of 48 The average follow-up time is 8 months. The VAS patients with spinal intradural extramedullary score of back pain was significantly low. The ODI tumors excised using tubular retractors.Outcome score was significantly improved at 1st month post- measures includes VAS,Modified MacNab score and operation . The complication rate was about 9.5% oswestry Disability index.Incidence of residual (4 patients) and the residual tumor that need to re- tumor was assesed.Incidence of conversion to open operation rate was about 4.9% (2 patients).No method on table was assesed.
    [Show full text]
  • CONTEMPORARY ISSUES in MEDIA ETHICS Boctor of $I)Tios(Opi)
    CONTEMPORARY ISSUES IN MEDIA ETHICS ABSTRACT THESIS SUBMITTED FOR THE AWARD OF THE DEGREE OF Boctor of $I)tIos(opI)p IN PHILOSOPHY By MD. EHSAN Under the Supervision of M. MUQIM DEPARTMENT OF PHILOSOPHY ALIGARH MUSLIM UNIVERSITY, ALIGARH (INDIA) 2009 ABSTRACT Twenty first century is the century of knowledge and information. Knowledge is the power. Media such as newspapers, radio, television, magazines, internet etc. are the primary and central source of information and knowledge of this fast moving world. Hence, media enjoys enormous power and exerts tremendous impacts on our lives. Media as a powerful institution not only disseminates information and knowledge rather it influences our lives, our political systems and our society as a whole. It shapes our opinions, beliefs, attitudes and behaviours. It affects our decision and judgment about family, home, education, institution etc. through information and knowledge it provides. So much so that it fashions our tastes and moral standards, and socializes our younger generation. Furthermore, media has got important role to play in democracy. It is media which helps democracy become 'of and 'by' the people. It wheels democracy. It facilitates democracy by making interaction between the governed and the governor. Moreover, it is considered to be the back bone as well as the fourth pillar of democracy. * I am using media as a singular noun In view of the enormous power implicit in media, its tremendous impacts on our lives and on our governing systems, and in view of its deep penetration in our society the need arises to use it with great caution and control.
    [Show full text]
  • I Have the Confidence That We Do Have the Right Calibre of People to Lead
    I HAVE THE CONFIDENCE THAT WE DO HAVE THE RIGHT CALIBRE OF PEOPLE TO LEAD OUR BUSINESSES IN THESE TESTING TIMES. S.N. Subrahmanyan, CEO & MD - Larsen & Toubro From the Desk of SNS organization, have come to be known for. Tough times ahead Calling for tough people WORKING Undoubtedly, a project of tremendous Uncertainty both globally and domestically We broke the format of our traditional New scale, we achieved remarkable speed in is causing uneasiness in all quarters. BREXIT Year Programme this year by organizing a CAPItaL IS execution by completing the construction issues in Europe, the new protectionist series of Town Halls for each of our ICs, in just 33 months. This could not have trade policies of the US, a decelerating SBGs and the Smart World business. The BURNING MONEY; been possible without the contribution Chinese economy and political instability move was a good one and it was very from all quarters which reflects a huge in the Middle East are reasons for worry. encouraging to see the maturity of the BUYING ASSETS triumph of teamwork. People from On the home front, the approaching interaction at these events. The level of IS BUILDING FOR various divisions and functions from general elections is keeping everyone presentations many by young leaders, the across the organization came together guessing as to which direction the wind is kind of questions posed and the quality of THE FUTURE AND to unitedly build a monument, that going to blow and with both private and responses were of a uniformly high order fittingly, celebrates the spirit of unity.
    [Show full text]
  • Imagining Global India: Bollywood's Transnational Appeal
    This article was downloaded by: [Hamilton College], [Patricia ONeill] On: 08 April 2013, At: 09:31 Publisher: Routledge Informa Ltd Registered in England and Wales Registered Number: 1072954 Registered office: Mortimer House, 37-41 Mortimer Street, London W1T 3JH, UK Continuum: Journal of Media & Cultural Studies Publication details, including instructions for authors and subscription information: http://www.tandfonline.com/loi/ccon20 Imagining global India: Bollywood's transnational appeal Patricia O'Neill a a English and Creative Writing, Hamilton College, Clinton, NY, USA Version of record first published: 21 Mar 2013. To cite this article: Patricia O'Neill (2013): Imagining global India: Bollywood's transnational appeal, Continuum: Journal of Media & Cultural Studies, 27:2, 254-266 To link to this article: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10304312.2013.766309 PLEASE SCROLL DOWN FOR ARTICLE Full terms and conditions of use: http://www.tandfonline.com/page/terms-and-conditions This article may be used for research, teaching, and private study purposes. Any substantial or systematic reproduction, redistribution, reselling, loan, sub-licensing, systematic supply, or distribution in any form to anyone is expressly forbidden. The publisher does not give any warranty express or implied or make any representation that the contents will be complete or accurate or up to date. The accuracy of any instructions, formulae, and drug doses should be independently verified with primary sources. The publisher shall not be liable for any loss, actions, claims, proceedings, demand, or costs or damages whatsoever or howsoever caused arising directly or indirectly in connection with or arising out of the use of this material.
    [Show full text]
  • RIL Rededicates Itself to the Nation at Its Largest Ever Gathering
    RIL rededicates itself to the Nation at its Largest Ever Gathering Mumbai: 24th December, 2017: At a glittering function attended by more than 50,000 staff and families of Reliance Industries Limited and its group companies, Chairman and Managing Director Mukesh Ambani exhorted the young Reliance workforce to take the company to top 20 in the world and play even a bigger role in nation building in the coming years. Sh. Ambani was speaking at the Reliance Family Day (RFD) event being celebrated across the country by the employees and families of RIL and other group companies. More than 50,000 people, comprising employees and their families, attended the grand celebrations at the Reliance Corporate Park in Navi Mumbai while another 2,00,000 employees and their families joined the celebrations live via video conferencing in more than 1000 locations across the country including manufacturing sites, retail stores, Jio Points etc., thus making it possibly the largest corporate family get-together. Special arrangements were made across the various locations for the large Reliance family to enjoy this evening together. Articulating his dream for Reliance of the future, Sh. Ambani said that in its first four decades the company has already achieved global and national leadership positions in its various businesses and therefore well positioned to accomplish even greater goals in its golden decade. Amidst thunderous support from the audience, Sh. Ambani articulated his five point dream that he would like Reliance to achieve: to be among the top 20 companies in the world; become a leading provider of clean and affordable energy to India; become a leading global producer of innovative new materials; Jio to digitally transform the nation in entertainment, financial services, commerce, manufacturing, agriculture, education and healthcare; and Reliance and Jio to be even a stronger partner to our nation so that India can become a global super power.
    [Show full text]
  • Padma Vibhushan * * the Padma Vibhushan Is the Second-Highest Civilian Award of the Republic of India , Proceeded by Bharat Ratna and Followed by Padma Bhushan
    TRY -- TRUE -- TRUST NUMBER ONE SITE FOR COMPETITIVE EXAM SELF LEARNING AT ANY TIME ANY WHERE * * Padma Vibhushan * * The Padma Vibhushan is the second-highest civilian award of the Republic of India , proceeded by Bharat Ratna and followed by Padma Bhushan . Instituted on 2 January 1954, the award is given for "exceptional and distinguished service", without distinction of race, occupation & position. Year Recipient Field State / Country Satyendra Nath Bose Literature & Education West Bengal Nandalal Bose Arts West Bengal Zakir Husain Public Affairs Andhra Pradesh 1954 Balasaheb Gangadhar Kher Public Affairs Maharashtra V. K. Krishna Menon Public Affairs Kerala Jigme Dorji Wangchuck Public Affairs Bhutan Dhondo Keshav Karve Literature & Education Maharashtra 1955 J. R. D. Tata Trade & Industry Maharashtra Fazal Ali Public Affairs Bihar 1956 Jankibai Bajaj Social Work Madhya Pradesh Chandulal Madhavlal Trivedi Public Affairs Madhya Pradesh Ghanshyam Das Birla Trade & Industry Rajashtan 1957 Sri Prakasa Public Affairs Andhra Pradesh M. C. Setalvad Public Affairs Maharashtra John Mathai Literature & Education Kerala 1959 Gaganvihari Lallubhai Mehta Social Work Maharashtra Radhabinod Pal Public Affairs West Bengal 1960 Naryana Raghvan Pillai Public Affairs Tamil Nadu H. V. R. Iyengar Civil Service Tamil Nadu 1962 Padmaja Naidu Public Affairs Andhra Pradesh Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit Civil Service Uttar Pradesh A. Lakshmanaswami Mudaliar Medicine Tamil Nadu 1963 Hari Vinayak Pataskar Public Affairs Maharashtra Suniti Kumar Chatterji Literature
    [Show full text]
  • Close Encounters of a Different Kind
    CLOSE ENCOUNTERS OF A DIFFERENT KIND Film producers and directors, studios and financiers from Bollywood and Hollywood are increasing their exposure and stake in each other’s markets. A report by Dipta Joshi. 42 Entertainment Namaste Hollywood: Bollywood stars Katrina Kaif and Akshay Kumar in Namastey London UCH before British director ready films has added immense value to Danny Boyle’s Oscar-award our existing library.” winning film on Mumbai, SPE was one of the first Hollywood ‘Slumdog Millionaire’, took studios to get the government’s approval MIndia to Hollywood, some of its biggest as early as 1996, to set up a presence in studios had already recognised the poten- India. Though it’s first Hindi movie produc- tial in India. tion, ‘Saawariya’ (November 2007), did Investing in offices and other facili- not last long at the theatres, the company ties in India, these Hollywood studios are stays committed to its plans for the Indian now making movies to offer audiences entertainment market. everything that blockbuster Hindi films It has been associated with a number do. Bollywood too is reaching out to the of big- and mid-size productions like ‘Raaz American film industry to garner a share – the mystery continues’, ‘Hello’ and the in the global entertainment business. soon-to-be-released ‘Tere Sang’. Hollywood’s biggest players have Another Hollywood major, Walt Disney stepped up their Indian plans to operate Studios, has tied up with one of India’s and gain a major share in India’s biggest production houses, Yash Raj burgeoning entertainment pie. No longer Films, to co-produce a series of animated are these players content with a few films for Indian audiences.
    [Show full text]
  • Magazine) 5 N (Vice Chancellor) Events Hosted N I
    www.cuchd.in Helpline : 1800 200 0025 www.cuchd.in Student Editor’s Address : Gaurav Dahiya BBABBA CAMPUSCAMPUS M : 9050883360 E : [email protected] GLGLORORYY BBA Inactus - BBA-USB Chandigarh University, NH-95, Chandigarh -Ludhiana Highway, Greater Mohali, Punjab-140413 BBA - BATCH 2018-19 INDEX CHIEF PATRON BBA LIVE n Message - Vice Chancellor 1 Satnam Singh Sandhu n Authorities desk 2 (Chancellor) n Masterhead (Editors page) 3 n The Team 4 Patron Dr. RS Bawa n How we Move (Vision and objective of Magazine) 5 n (Vice Chancellor) Events hosted n I. Inquisitive 6 Ii. Independence day 7 Dr. B.S. Sohi Iii. Onam 8 (Pro Vice Chancellor) n Corporate boosters I. Nvidia 10 II. Netix 10 III. Amazon 11 ADVISORY BOARD IV. Zomato 11 V. Current Corporate Happenings 12 n Corporate Visits 13 Dr. S. Ramachandran I. Ludhiyana stock exchange 14 (ED-USB) II. Swaraj division, Mahindra and Mahindra Ltd. 15 n Stories Corner Dr. Rahul Hakhu I. J. K. Rowling 20 (HOD-BBA USB) II. Dhirubhai Ambani 21 iii. Atal Bihari Vajpayee 22 Prof. Cherrie Randhawa n Finding Happiness 23 (Magazine Coordinator) n Poetry world I. Turban 25 II. Divine 26 Harpreet Kahlon Sr. Manager - Branding n Smiles and Laughter 27-28 n Upcoming Event Bollywood Quiz Competition 29 CUBCL 30 1 | BBA - CAMPUS GLORY 2018 BBA - CAMPUS GLORY 2018 | 2 Message Authorities Desk I am very pleased to know that students of Bachelor of Business Administration (BBA) of our University are bringing out “BBA CAMPUS GLORY '' an ingenious Business Magazine . I wish great success for this effort and hope they will plan many more activities.
    [Show full text]
  • Down the Memory Lane
    DOWN THE MEMORY LANE 1 > Four eventful decades for India ▼ FROM Emergency to liberalisation, 1 2 1977 from the biggest industrial disaster RISE OF THE JANATA In the general elections after the to domestic industry’s rise to the 21-month Emergency, global stage, from producing the first Indira Gandhi’s Congress suffered a debacle and the Janata Party, modern car domestically to acquiring under Morarji Desai (centre) and the stylish Jaguar brand, from furore spearheaded by leaders like Atal Bihari Vajpayee (right) and over caste-based Babu Jagjivan Ram, stormed to reservation to nuclear power. PHOTO: PIB prowess and man in 3 space, from hosting ▼ two important Jun 25, 1975 international sporting THE INFAMOUS EMERGENCY events to changing the Prime Minister face of sports through innovative Indira Gandhi unilaterally had a state models — we have seen it all. of emergency declared As Business Standard completes across India. For much of the following 21 40 years of its thought leadership, months, many of we bring you the most striking Gandhi’s most vocal political opponents pictures that defined India over the were imprisoned and past four decades the Press was muzzled. PHOTO: INDIAN EXPRESS ARCHIVES 5 4 ▼ 1978 CALL FOR DEFIANCE BY INDUSTRY In a speech at a luncheon meeting at industry chamber Ficci, where Industry Minister George Fernandes was also present, Ghanshyam Das Birla (pictured) told industrialists to break the law and produce more than what their licences allowed. This perhaps was the first time that Indian industry had publicly raised its voice to seek freedom from the controls of a closed economy.
    [Show full text]
  • Times.US PAGE 1 Times.US Globally Recognized Editor-In-Chief: Azeem A
    APRIL 2018 www.Asia Times.US PAGE 1 www.Asia Times.US Globally Recognized Editor-in-Chief: Azeem A. Quadeer, M.S., P.E. APRIL 2018 Vol 9, Issue 4 Congratulations Shawkat Mohammed 90% of work-permits given to Shawkat Mohammed (Dallas) Achieved Prestigious Million Dollar Round Table ( Top of the Table ) membership H-1B visa-holders’ spouses are again this year. Indians Membership is Exclusive to World’s Leading 30 Mar 2018: 90% of work- The H-4 visa holders don’t were women, and the vast Financial Professionals. permits given to H-1B get a social security num- majority, 93%, were from visa-holders’ spouses are ber, and hence cannot be India, while 4% were from Indians employed. But they can get China.” Congratulations Shawkat Mohammed on achieving MDRT for the 6th time in a row! The United States has Your achievement is the greatest endorsement given work permits to over of your hard work and the trust your clients 71,000 spouses of H-1B visa holders, 90% of whom have put in you. are Indians. In 2015, the Obama government began issu- ing work authorization to spouses of H-1B visa holders. a driver’s license, pursue Spouses of H-1B visa hold- education and open bank Most likely yes: Will things ers who had been living account. change now that Donald in the US for six years, Trump is POTUS? and were in the process of In 2015, 80% of 1,25,000 applying for green cards, people who were issued Donald Trump in his were eligible for this pro- H-4 visas were Indians.
    [Show full text]
  • 635301449163371226 IIC ANNUAL REPORT 2013-14 5-3-2014.Pdf
    2013-2014 2013 -2014 Annual Report IND I A INTERNAT I ONAL CENTRE 2013-2014 IND I A INTERNAT I ONAL CENTRE New Delhi Board of Trustees Mr. Soli J. Sorabjee, President Justice (Retd.) B.N. Srikrishna Professor M.G.K. Menon Mr. L.K. Joshi Dr. (Smt.) Kapila Vatsyayan Dr. Kavita A. Sharma, Director Mr. N. N. Vohra Executive Members Dr. Kavita A. Sharma, Director Professor Dinesh Singh Mr. K. Raghunath Dr. Biswajit Dhar Dr. (Ms) Sukrita Paul Kumar Cmde.(Retd.) Ravinder Datta, Secretary Cmde.(Retd.) C. Uday Bhaskar Mr. P.R. Sivasubramanian, Hony. Treasurer Mrs. Meera Bhatia Finance Committee Justice (Retd.) B.N. Srikrishna, Dr. Kavita A. Sharma, Director Chairman Mr. P.R. Sivasubramanian, Hony. Treasurer Mr. M. Damodaran Cmde. (Retd.) Ravinder Datta, Secretary Cmde.(Retd.) C. Uday Bhaskar Mr. Ashok K. Chopra, Chief Finance Officer Medical Consultants Dr. K.P. Mathur Dr. Rita Mohan Dr. K.A. Ramachandran Dr. Gita Prakash Dr. Mohammad Qasim IIC Senior Staff Ms Omita Goyal, Chief Editor Mr. A.L. Rawal, Dy. General Manager Dr. S. Majumdar, Chief Librarian Mr. Vijay Kumar, Executive Chef Ms Premola Ghose, Chief, Programme Division Mr. Inder Butalia, Sr. Finance and Accounts Officer Mr. Arun Potdar, Chief, Maintenance Division Ms Hema Gusain, Purchase Officer Mr. Amod K. Dalela, Administration Officer Ms Seema Kohli, Membership Officer Annual Report 2013-2014 It is a privilege to present the 53rd Annual Report of the India International Centre for the period 1 February 2013 to 31 January 2014. The Board of Trustees reconstituted the Finance Committee for the two-year period April 2013 to March 2015 with Justice B.N.
    [Show full text]