Episcopal Pacifist Fellowship -I, SERVICES Ithe WITNESS SERVICES in Leading Churches for Christ and His Church Ill Leading Churches

The ESS MARCH 10, 1960 10' publication. and reuse for required Permission DFMS. / Church Episcopal the of Archives 2020. Copyright PEOPLE THROUGHOUT THE WORLD PRAY FOR PEACE

opening their meeting W ITHin Geneva the 10-nation on March committee 15 and withon disarmament the Summit Conference to follow it in May, their prayers are most fervent in this Year of Decision

Episcopal Pacifist Fellowship -I, SERVICES IThe WITNESS SERVICES In Leading Churches For Christ and His Church Ill Leading Churches

THE CATHEDRAL CHURCH : CHRIST CHURCH OF ST. JOHN THE DIVINE ! CAMBRIDGoE, MASS. Sunday: Holy Communion 7 8, 9, 10; EDITORIAL BOARD 6 The Riev. Gardiner Mi. Day, Raster Miming Prayer, Holy o;;rio W. B. SPOwPRDn SR., Managing, Editor I and Sermon, 11; Evensong and ser- KENNETHm R. FoUSE; Roscoe T. Fourr; Sundsy Services: 8:00, 9:30 and mon 4 GoaDoN C. GRAHAM; ROBERT HIAacpSHR,; 11:1~5 aem. Wed, and Holy Days: 8:00 Weekd~ays:. Holy Communion, 7:30 CHARLES S. MARIN; RoBiMT F. MOCGE~oR; p.m. Cand 10 Wed.) Morning Prayer, GLORGE MACMURERAY; CH~ARLES F. Pmnersur; .and 12:10 8:30; Evensong, W. NORMAN PITTEoNE; JOSEPH H. TrITOS. j; CHIST CHURCH, DWROIT

THE HEAVENLY REST, NEW YORK Thei Rev. Williams B. SerRse 5th Avenue at 90th Street I Thne Rev. Robert C. W. We, An y, Rev. John Ellis Large, D.D. CONTRIBUTING EDITORS 8 and 9 a.m. Holy Communion Sundays: Holy Communion, 7:30 and 9 tHOSArs V. BARRETT; JOHNt P~rniwt BROWNq; I(breakfast served following 9 a.m. publication. service.) I1 a.m. Church School and am.; Morning Service and Sermon 5 11. GARDINER M. DAY; JOSEPH F. FLETCHE; Thursdays and Holy Days: Holy ( mn FREDERICK C. GRANT; CLINTON J. KEW; JOEN z MoningService. Holy Days, 6 p.m. and mu n"o, 12. Wednesdays: Healing ELIrs LARGE; ROBERT MILLER; EDWARD L. Cmunnon.sl Service 12. Daily: Morning Prayer PARSONS; FREDERIcKr A. SceI mmIo; MasE H. 9; Evening Prayer, 5:30. SNEPHERn JR.; Wua.UI B. SPos'woin JR. STdTHurAS' StURet reuse !! 18th ad Chur CHStee

for ST. BARTHOLOMEW'S CHURCH NearupontCircle Part Avenue and 51st Street WASHINGTON, D. C. THE WITNESS is published w-eMy hrom Rev. Terence J. Finlay, D.D. Th Rev. John T. Golding, Rector R and 9:30 September 15th to June 15th inclusive, with a.m. Holy Cormuio. the exception of one week in Januaryad The Rev. Wakter 7. Mrsfield 9:30 and 11 a.m. Church School. * The Rev. Robert F. Bras

required bi-weekly from June 15th to September 15th 11 sm. Morning Service and Sermon. by the Episcopal Church Publising Co. on Sunday;:0 a.m. Holy Communios; 4 p.m. Evensong. Special Music. behalf of the Witness Advisory Board. 11:00 a.m. Service and Sermon) Weekcday: Holy Communion Tuesday at 1 11:00 a.m. Church School; 7:00 pm. 12:10 a.m.: Wednesdays and Saints Evening Prayer; 7:30 p.m. Young Days at a am.: Thursdays at 12:10 p.m. Organ Recitals, Wednesdays, A Adults. a.m., Holy Communion.

Permission ! usa:10:00 12:10. Eve. Pr. Daily 5:45 p.m. The subscription price is $4.00 a year; in I Thrdy 7:30 nHm., 12y:1 polCm. bundles for sale in parishes the magazine sells yunind Hol D:0ays. :1ol Cm. for 10c a copy, we will bill quarterly at 7c a CHURCH OF THE HOLY Copy. Entered as Second Class Matter August or 5:45 p.m. as announced. TRINIT 5, 1948j at the Post Office at Tu smnsoc.

DFMS. 316 P-.t path Street Pa., under / NEW Ynuu CITY the act of March 3, 1879. Ssnndays. Holv Communion, 8; Churcu TRINITY CHURCH q.-hool. 9:30: Morning Service. 11; MiIAtH, FLA. S. Evening Prayer, Rev. G. Irvine Hiler, STD., Raesew Church Sunday Services a, 9, 9:30 and 11 a m. GENERIATL THEOLOGICAL SEMINARY CHAPEL SER VICES Chelsea Square. 9th Ave. & 20th St. I NEW YORK

Episcopal I Brod and Third Stret Daily Morning Prayer and Holy Coma- SIn Leading Churches. the munion, 7: Choral Evensong, 6. SThe Rev. Rlich"d C. Wyatt of ST. STEPHEN'S CHURCH ; ICaptain Reginald Harvey, Orerdh Army COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY Ten~th Street, above Chestnut i in 8 HC. 11 MP- 1sa Sam. HCg IsL SAN PAUL'S CHAPEL PHILADELPHIA, PENNA ! 12 N, jjC; Evening, Weekday, IAmW New YOUR ten Noonday, Spedal services an- The Rev. TeRev. Archives Johun Mi. Krsmm, Ph.D., Alfred W. Price, D.D., Recter Chaplain Minister to the Had of Hearing ounceTL S Daily (except Saturdlay): 12 noon Sun- Sunday: 9 and 11 am., 7:30 p.m. I day; Holy Communion, 9 andI 12:30; 2020. SWeeekdays: Mon., Tu-s, Wed., Thur., CUCH OF ST MICHAEL Morning Prayer and Sermon, 11; F.,12:30-12:55 pm. Holy Communion: Wed., 7:45 n.m. Services o prta eln.Tu. ADST. GEORGE I230andS 5:30 p~em. ,Tur SAN OIMsI~ ST. THOMAS IThe Rev. J. Francis Sent, Rector Copyright Sth Ave. & 53rd Street New Toax CITY I ST. PAUL'SB The Rev. Devid S. Gray, Rev. Freds"ic M. Morris, D.D. IRocEmt, N. Y. Associate Rector Sunday: HC 8 9:30, 11 (1st SMn.) Rev. T. Chester Baxter, Rector MiP 11" Ep Ciho 4. Daily ex. Sa.HC IThe The ev. Frederick P. Taft, AssIstant Sundays, 8, 9:30, 11 a.m. 9:15, ilurs. 11, HD, 12:10; Noon- Sunday: 8, 9:20 and 11. day ex. Sat.12:10. Days 11; Thursday, 5:30 pm N'oted for boy choir, great -wed-. IHoly end Windows. ST. JOHN'S CHURCH I ST. PAUL'S MEMORIAL Lafayette Squars Grayson and Willow Sts. WASINGOmN, D.C. PRO-CATHEDRAL OF THE SA IANOIO The Rev. DoaaU W. Maybewy, Rector HOLY TRINITY ThR la m Jos , Rooter Weekday Services: Mon., 1ues., Thu.., PARIS, FRANCE TeRev. George N. T ar, Associate Saturday, Holy Communion at nomn. 23 Avenue, George V Sunday - Matina and Holy Eucharist Wed. and Fri., Holy Communiom At i Services: 8:30, 10:30 (S.S.),10:45 7:30, 9:00 and 11:00 A.X. 7:30 n.m.2 Morning Preyer at ae04n- Boulevard Respell 5 Wednesday and Holy Days 7 and Sunday Services: 8 and 9 30 a m s,,n Student and Artists Center Scaet10 AM. Holy Eucharist Cmui;11Sermon; The Rt. Rev. Norman Nash, Bishop Scaetof Friees-Staa 4 p.m., Service;etg rf The Very Rev. Sturgis Lea Riddle, Das 7:30. Evening Prayer. 11:30 o 1 P.M. }~~a::

VOL. 45, NO. 7 The WITNESS MARCH 10, 1960 FOR CHRIST AND HIS CHURCH

Editoria and Publication Office, Eaton Road, Twunkhmnock. Pa.

Story of the Week

Conference chaplain was the Episcopal Pacifist Fellowship Rev. Richard Fenn of the Church of Our Saviour, Akron, Activities Are, Reviewed Ohio. Elsewhere in this issue By Elsa Walberg cern of their common ministry, Mrs. Margaret von Selle, who EPF Executive Committee being careful not to break the is currently in charge of youth * Highlighted by several con- fellowship and standing ready work for the EPF in the Mid- publication. ferences and a twentieth anni- to accept the contributions of West area, discusses the youth versary, the past year was an those with whom they differ. conference in detail, including and eventful one for the Episcopal Mr. Eastman outlined a training some evaluations of the two-day Pacifist program for peace based upon experience by the young people reuse Fellowship. The Fel- lowship sponsored two Mid- the affirmation of the power of themselves. for West conferences at Orleton love and involving basic rules The peculiarities of peaceful Farms, near London, Ohio, in for corporate and personal ac- persuasion was the theme of

required April 1959, and the annual Sea- tion, all motivated by faith in the August Seabury House con- bury House conference in Green- "one fellowship transcending ference. Its leaders were Al- wich, Connecticut, last August. race a n d denomination, one bert S. Bigelow, Quaker skipper Prayers of thanksgiving and reconciliation in Christ to be of the Golden Rule, whose ac- Permission renewed commitment comme- proclaimed to one world, God's count of his Pacific witness, morated the twentieth anniver- world." The Voyage of the Golden Rule, sary of the EPF, November was published last fall, and DFMS. / 11th, with special services con- Dorothy Day, managing editor ducted at various local centers and publisher of the Catholic Worker. Bert Bigelow talked Church of membership. General Semin- ary in New York City was the about the meaning of peace, its site of the annual meeting held foundations and practice. He early this February. Most re- urged that men so relate to Episcopal cently - February 12-13 - the each other that they in no way the Fellowship h a d t h e unpre- try to dominate-for "there is of cedented privilege of sharing its only one Dominus." The pacifist sponsorship of the annual-Mid- especially must ask himself West conference w i t h the whether he acts as an instru- Archives diocese of Southern Ohio and of ment of a Power or whether he inviting distinguished pacifist seeks to use his own power to 2020. and non-pacifist speakers. overpower o t h e r s. He sug- The Mid -West conferences gested that peace ought not to last year - one for young be man's goal but his starting Copyright people, another for adults- point. In this connection he were led by the Rev. Ralph noted that the daring step of Richard Keithahn, president of trusting one's neighbor is the the Indian FOR, and co-leader very basis of the democratic Philip Eastman, of the IFOR ideal upon which our nation was secretariat, from E n g 1 a nd. founded. But today, abandon- Urging a ministry of reconcilia- ing our faith in the democratic tion in this country, Mr. Keit- process, we have turned over hahn said that pacifists must our authority to the military help the whole body of the and have thus cut ourselves off LEADERS: Bishop Lawrence, Christian Church to see recon- retired of Western Mass., and from the exercise of respon- ciliation as a fundamental con- Bishop Sadiq of India sibile democratic action. In the

MARCH 10, 1960 Tksrae name of security so much mili- per at Christ Church, Cam- Samuel N. McCain, Jr., rector tary secrecy is now enforced bridge. The Rt. Rev. William of the Church of the Epiphany, that we no longer control what Appleton Lawrence celebrated. Newport, N.H., Chairman; the goes on in behalf of the Dr. Wesner Fallaw of the Rev. Eric M. Tasman, rector of American people. "Democracy Andover - Newton Theological the Church of the Holy Com- and secrecy can never walk School faculty, speaker of the munion, South Orange, N.J., hand in hand," he said. evening, discussed "Proposals Vice Chairman; Mrs. Joseph Dorothy Day, conference co- for preventing war in the Rohrer of Ambler, Pa., Assis- leader, spoke at length about the atomic age." tant General Secretary; and Catholic Worker movement and "Religion and Growth in Dr. Margaret Morgan Lawrence the importance of trying "to be Love" was the subject of the of Pomona, N.Y,, Recording what you want the other fellow address given by the Rev. Al- Secretary. The Rev. Freedom to be." She spoke of many fred B. Starratt, Rector of Em- Wentworth II, St. Luke's "wars" in our society - of men manuel Church, Baltimore, at Church, Malden, Mass., was vs. women, clergy vs. laity, the EPF annual Meeting held elected General Secretary. workers vs. scholars, etc.-and this year at General Seminary, The following Executive Com- the need to proclaim to the New York City, February 5-6. mittee meetings have. been ten- publication. world not just an anti-war Mr. Starratt pointed to the tatively scheduled: April 4 in message but a whole way of many invidious ways in which New York, June 6 in Boston, and life - the way of love and re- men "use" their brothers in August 30 in Greenwich, Octo- conciliation. human relationships and dis- ber 10 in New Haven, and reuse cussed Christian love as the December 5 in Boston. for Twentieth Anniversary motivation for action, ideally An innovation for the EPF for all action. Those present at was the very recent Mid-West On November 11, 1959, the the two-day meeting joined the required conference at Oreleton Farms, Episcopal Pacifist Fellowship seminary community for wor- February 12-13. Different from commemorated its twentieth ship and meals. At the busi- such events in other years, the anniversary. Elsewhere in this ness meeting on Saturday morn- conference was co-sponsored by issue are articles about the his- Permission ing the group reviewed plans of Southern Ohio, tory and work of the Fellow- the diocese for the coming year, including and it considered pacifist and ship since 1939, written by two financial commitments to over- non-pacifist viewpoints on the DFMS. members. The

/ charter of its seas projects in India, Japan, respon- anniversary itself was observed subject, "The Christian South Africa, South America, sibility relating to war in a nu- by a number of local EPF France, and Germany. An ac-

Church The rostrum was groups, including those in New clear age." count of the kinds of work for shared by the Rev. Albert T. York City, Philadelphia, New reconciliation abroad supported Mollegan of the Virginia The- Haven, Newport, N.H., and by the EPF is given in the Rev. ological Seminary and the Rev. Episcopal Boston. At St. George's Church John Nevin Sayre's article in John Nevin Sayre, secretary of

the City, Holy Com- in New York this issue. the International FOR. The of munion was celebrated at noon Concerned with the day's Rt.' Rev. Roger Blanchard. the Rev. John F. Davidson, by newspaper headlines, t ho s e bishop of the diocese of South- by a luncheon at which followed present passed the' following ern Ohio, antid the Rt. Rev. Wil- Archives the Rev. John Nevin Sayre resolution: liam Appleton Lawrence, re- spoke. In Philadelphia, at St. Be it resolved that the Epis-

2020. tired Bishop of Western Mass- the Rev. Emmett Paige Mark's, copal Pacifist Fellowship at its and honorary chair- service achusetts conducted an afternoon annual meeting expressed its man of the EPF, joined in the which was followed of prayer, deep concern that the President discussion. T h e conference, Copyright Haven, at by tea. In New has stated his willingness to which was very well attended, Trinity Church, Holy Com- share atomic weapons with proved challenging and provoca- celebrated, munion was also those allies whom he feels this tive for all present. followed by a dinner at which country can trust, for it be- the Rev. C. Lawson Willard lieves this would greatly Future Plans spoke. In Newport, N. H., the increase the chances of a nu- Rev. Samuel N. McCain, Jr., clear war and that such action On the EPF agenda for the chairman of the EPF, conducted would also undermine his earn- coming year are several events. a commemorative service at the est efforts towards building Plans have already been com- Church of the Epiphany. In peace. pleted for the Fellowship's the Boston area twenty-five Re-elected to new terms of second annual Mid-West youth members and friends gathered office on the EPF executive conference. To be held at Proc- for Holy Communion and sup- committee were the Rev. tor Farms, Ohio, April 23-24,

, .. TH Wrnfm '7S-

the conference will be led by annual meeting will take place in the short person-to-person Albert S. Bigelow, Quaker skip- in Washington, D.C., February conversations after such meet- per of the Golden Rule. Sharipg 3-4. Details concerning the ings. responsibility for the devotion- speaker and place are forth- The idea of a youth confer- al leadership of the conference coming. ence which would meet the need will be the Rev. Richard Fenn, Local EPF groups throughout of further knowledge and ex- curate at the Church of Our the country will be urged to pression was sanctioned at the Saviour in Akron, and the Rev. come together for prayer at the 1957 EPF Seabury House con- Maurice McCrackin, pastor of time of the opening of the ference and the experiment was the West Cincinnati St. Barna- Summit Conference, May 16. It launched from church youth bas' Church. Young people who is hoped that throughout our group. From the history club would enjoy such a conference Church at that time prayers at Walnut Hills High school should write for further details will be offered on behalf of the and from the interracial youth to Margaret von Selle, 2400 conference and the cause of fellowship of the Cincinnati Grandview Avenue, Cincinnati peace. Fellowship House we were able 6, Ohio. All queries concerning the to enlist eight boys and eight The 1960 Seabury House Con- EPF should be addressed to the girls. Because three girls were ference is scheduled for August Secretary, The Rev. our approach in pre- publication. General Jewish, 30-September 2, with the Rev. Freedom Wentworth II, 77 senting pacifism to this group and John Oliver Nelson of the Yale Brentwood S t r e e t, Malden, was necessarily a broad one. Divinity School as leader. Free- Mass., or to the EPF's New Our over-all theme was, there- reuse dom Wentworth 2nd will be the York office, 9 East 94 Street, fore, religion and war. for conference chaplain. The 1961 New York 28, N.Y. Philip Eastman conducted the Saturday evening program. His

required personal charm and his complete frankness together with Young People Face World Issues his skill in dealing with young people, quickly won him the Permission At EPF Midwest Meeting friendship and trust of the Christian as well as the Jewish By Margaret von Selle the past two years during which youngsters. He emphasized the DFMS. In charge of Midwest Youth / I had conducted youth meetings fearfulness of war. He said Work for the EPF on pacifism in the Cincinnati that we must believe war can * Last spring, for the first churches, the so-called "Trio stopped and that war must Church be r time in its history, the Episco- Programs," at which three be considered "unsanitary" like pal Pacifist Fellowship organ- pacifists would speak briefly on a dreaded disease. He gave per- ized a youth conference at the subject "Why I am a tinent directions for achieving Episcopal Orleton Farms near London, Pacifist". These informal Sun- a change of mind in ourselves the Ohio. Beginning Saturday, April day evening talks, often followed and others regarding war and of 11 and ending after the noon by the film, One World or None, was inspiring and witty in his dinner on Sunday, April 12, it would provoke most lively dis- illustrations. His approach was followed the EPF's 1959 Mid- cussions which invariably had deeply religious and distinctly Archives west conference, utilizing the to be cut short for lack of time. Christian. The film, Alterna- same conference center and en- It was distressing to observe tives, was shown before the dis- 2020. joying the same generous hos- how deeply the young people of cussion period. tess, Miss Mary E. Johnston, high school age were indoc- and leaders. These included the trinated with the common belief Indian Speaker Copyright Rev. Philip Eastman, secretary that war was a necessity and of the IFOR in London; the inevitable and how little in- White - haired Richard Keit- Rev. Ralph Richard Keithahn, dividual thinking was evident. hahn drew comparisons between president of the FOR in India; Time was altogether too short India's progress and ours in the Rev. John Nevin Sayre, to penetrate beyond the area of the U.S., spiritually and social- secretary of the International their defenses against the un- ly. He pointed out that in op- FOR for the U.S.A. and the popular and anxiety-producing posing segregation, India had Rev. Richard Fenn of the ideas of pacifism. There could achieved in ten years what the Church of Our Saviour, Akron, be no doubt, however, that U.S. has not accomplished in Ohio, conference chaplain. these youngsters wanted to talk 100 years, namely, that where- The need for such a confer- about the subject and many as the former "untouchables" ence had become apparent in thoughtful expressions came out are now sitting in Nehru's

MARCH 10, 1960 cabinet and in the Indian Con- Boy, 14: I had a relaxed and te proper niches. The confer- gress, only a few Negroes sit in delightful time. I learned that ence provoked new thought-- our Congress and there are the pacifist idea was world- and I can go so far as to say none, nor have there ever been, wide and I was very interested that it has changed my attitude Negroes in the cabinet of a in India's independence story. from one of adolescent anxiety U.S. president. He showed I believe that force need not be and doubt to one happier and how we might learn from the used in many places that it is more hopeful. One reason why Hindu religion which created a used today. the conference was an inspira- "mother - centered" s o c i e t y Girl, 15: It is my duty as a tion is because of the leaders where the needs of the youngest member of God's family to work who radiated such love, com- and of the weak are considered for peace. Every war is a civil passion and complacency. To first. In the Hindu religion, he war between God's creatures see them was like stepping into said, man has no rights, only and it is a sin to destroy his a spring garden. They were the duties, and his privileges come image by the use of violence. I first humans I have ever met with the performance of duties. went into the conference with- who had one foot over the thres- Nevin Sayre spoke of the out any fixed feelings. It hold of saintliness. Even if I "break-through" which occurs furnished me with many more lack faith and strength to call publication. again and again in history with ideas. forth this peaceful conviction, ideas and love, not hate, Self- and the coming of new Girl, 17: It was a stimulating I know that new discoveries of truth, and and worthwhile personal expe- lessness, not Selfishness will en-

reuse showed how pacifism is another rience that I will long remem- able me to fulfill my life's its for such break-through with ber. Mv ideas have changed needs. The thing most marked insight that war must be remarkably. Tho' still nebul- about the people at the confer- abolished and conflicts of social ous, I somehow perceive an ence was this projection of their required groups settled without violence ideal world where love far out- whole selves - their complete on a globe which can no longer reaches any other human senti- selflessness. How many times be nation-centered but should ment. I°now find myself trying does religion speak of selfless- be humanity-centered. to understand the wrong-doings ness?. But these people devote Permission to Discussion of my friends and attempting their lives to the task of giving, exclude bitter . thoughts from they are truly and unconscious- Although the young people far I am still in DFMS. my mind. So ly the contented ones, so it / took their discussions upstairs the process of fitting these seems. I am grateful I met to their rooms Saturday night ideas of religion and war into them. into the Church and continued them early morning hours, the ma- jority attended the meditation and Communion at 7:15 Sunday

Episcopal EPISCOPAL PACIFIST FELLOWSHIP morning. They enjoyed the the lovely chapel and the comfort 1939 - 1960 of and beauty of Orleton House and the surrounding country- Prayers for Its Twentieth Anniversary side. By Sunday breakfast they Archives were completely at home with of all power and might, who rulest in heaven and in LORDearth, and canst turn the hearts of men after the counsel

2020. their leaders. Talk at mealtime was alternately hilarious and of Thine own will; we humbly pray Thee to awaken in all the serious. At Sunday dinner, be- members of the Episcopal Pacifist Fellowship such a deep fore we parted, we heard such sense of their duty to maintain and set forward the witness Copyright expressions as "I am going to of peace, that by their faith and zeal Thy holy name may be India when I get through medi- glorified, and the bounds of Thy kingdom enlarged, through cal school", from a senior girl, our Lord Jesus Christ. Amen and from a 15 year-old Jewish Let us go forth into the world in peace; let us be of good courage, girl: "I have changed my hold fast that which is good, render to no main evil for evil; pacifism". Let us strengthen the faint-hearted, support the weak, help the Some weeks after the con- afflicted, honour all men; ference, each boy and girl re- Let us love and serve the Lord, rejoicing in the power of the ceived a questionnaire asking Holy Spirit. them to evaluate the conference. And may the blessing of God Almighty, the Father, the Son, These are excerpts from their and the Holy Ghost be upon us and remain with us for ever. Amen comments: ~. ~ ~ - ...------.-....--.- -- ......

Six THE wrrxman Fateful Choice Before The Church

T IS possible, but by no means certain, that the Alabama, the eighteen German nuclear scien- year 1960 will be the year of a historic tists who refused to cooperate with their govern- break-through of emancipation from war. The ment in making atomic bombs, and Albert year 1860 marked the election of Abraham Schweitzer of Africa are forerunners of non- Lincoln to the Presidency of the U.S. and that violent ways of deliverance from twentieth cen- began the break-through of a nation from tury man-made slaughter. But why does the publication. slavery. It is no more impossible in our day to Church hesitate, and for what does she wait? and have a world delivered from war than it was If we believe that the Church is Holy, Catholic impossible for the divided United States of 1860 and Christian, does it not follow that she has a reuse to 1865 to set itself free from slavery. At least vocation from God, now in the time of this mortal for a Christian and the Christian Church should life, to engage with her full strength in sum- not believe that it is impossible. moning her members and all men to decide that as an required Of course we should know by now that it is atomic power shall no longer be used impossible to free the world from war by using, instrument of death but that it be solely em- or threatening to use, the instruments of war ployed to turn the wheels of civilization and that we have in 1960. They are the instruments minister to life? Since the Oxford Conference Permission of death, not of Christ. The Lambeth Confer- in 1937, the Churches have been content to stand ence has thrice declared that war is incompatible for a dualism which regards all-out pacifism as

DFMS. vocation for some Christians but / with the mind of Christ, but the mind of the a legitimate Church is divided about sanctioning resort to support of the military method as legitimate for military retaliation although this must mean in other Christians. Thus, the Church has been Church Winston Churchill's phrase that "Death stands as a house divided against itself not only in at attention." respect to denominational cleavages but also on for peace, the life-and-death issue of support of war, of the Episcopal If there is to be a break-through it can come only by repentence, by renouncing "morals of extermination", which is the ques- the tion posed by war today. of the things of war and becoming God's men and women and God's Church in the things that The hour appears to be here when Christ is A belong unto peace. The strength from which confronting the Church as he once confronted Archives the Christian must negotiate peace is strength Pontius Pilate with a fateful choice. Pilate's of the spirit, God's Holy Spirit striving for re- true vocation was to be a just judge. He could 2020. conciliation, for brotherly community among the not escape it by washing his hands before the nations. multitude and saying, "I am innocent of the The battle for peace in the minds of men de- blood of this just person". No more can the Copyright pends at present on there being a big break- Church, when the slaughter of millions of just through in the methods of peace; and the persons and little children d e p e n ds on the peoples of the world have a right to look to the balance of atomic terror, be content to relegate Church for clear guidance and mobilization of her peacemaking vocation to a minority of vo- an irresistible faith that will be stronger than cational pacifists, atomic scientists and intel- the giant of military nationalism. Mahatma lectuals. Gandhi of India, Martin Luther King Jr., in "Quo Vadis", Church?

MARCH 10, 1960 Se* Episcopal Pacifist Fellowship and the U Fellowship of Reconciliation AUTHORS OF THE FEATURE ARTICLES THIS WEEK, JOHN NEVIN SAYRE AND KATHARINE C. PIERCE, TALK IT OVER AT THE EPF CONFERENCE HELD AT SEABURY HOUSE By John Nevin Sayre Secretary, W~orth American Committee of the IFOR. publication. and T HE Episcopal Pacifist Fellowship was formed never be guilty of maintaining a rival pacifist 1 at the Church of the Incarnation in New group. I remember one member saying to me reuse York City on Armistice Day, November 11, 1939. that she had devoted much time in her life en- for Its organizing committee met that afternoon in deavoring to bring competing Christian organ- the parish house while the military music of a izations together and she was a little fearful lest parade going by on the street outside drifted to an Episcopal pacifist organization might some- required our ears. In the evening, a service of dedication day fall into sectarian error. was held in the church at which Bishop Paul Fellowship of Reconciliation Jones preached the sermon. It was a solemn from whose Permission HE Fellowship of Reconciliation service because the second world war had begun T Episcopal members the EPF drew its first although the United States had not yet entered strength had been formed at Cambridge Univer-

DFMS. it. As I remember, about 100 persons were / sity, England, by 130 persons on the last four present. The declaration to which members days of 1914, the year when the first world war subscribed, and which is still the same today, began. They felt themselves called to a minis- Church read: try of reconciliation between nations, races and In loyalty to the Person, Spirit and teachings classes by the power of redemptive love as it had of Jesus Christ, my conscience commits been manifested in the life, teachings and death Episcopal me to His way of redemptive love ; and of Jesus Christ. They desired to use every op- the compels me to refuse to participate in or give of portunity of working in and through the moral support to any war. Churches, recognizing *th~t to the Church The officers of the EPF elected at that time especially belongs the sacred duty of proclaiming

Archives were : the unity of mankind in Jesus Christ and of Chairman ...... the Rt. Rev. William -Apple- leading in his reconstructive work. 2020. ton Lawrence, D.D. In the first world war, however, the Churches Vice Chairmen ...... the Rev. Elmore M. both in England and this country were fighting McKee, Miss Grace Lindley. a holy crusade so that any pacifism in their Copyright Secretary ...... Mrs. Henry Hill Pierce. ranks was heresy. A word about 'Bishop Paul Treasurer ...... the Rev. C. Lawson Willard. Jones is in order at this point because of his Three days after this meeting the EPF applied intimate connection both with the FOR and EPF. to the Fellowship of Reconciliation for affiliation The House of Bishops had elected hiih Bishop of and was formally accepted by the FOR. council. the Missionary District of Utah in October 1914. Both organizations agreed that members of the He gave full devotion to the administration of EPF would automatically become members of the this high trust and his pacifism was not called FOR except in the case of an individual member into question until after the U.S. entered the of the EPF who might object. It was our hope war in the spring of 1917. But a few months that this bond between the two groups would later an incident occurred which set the hounds always happily continue so that the EPF would of war in full cry. on his trail. TUX wrtisj peace Churches, when they contended for the ()N heA. stoppedhurried longvisit enoughto relatives in Los in AngelesCalifornia, to human rights of the CO's, got considerable sup- speak at a conference of the FOR. Hardly had he port from the Episcopal Church and other de- finished and made off for a train to Salt Lake nominations. City when the Los Angeles police descended on Episcopal CO's the meeting, broke it up and arrested its leaders. Next morning Associated Press dispatches ap- D URING the second world war, there were 103 peared in Salt Lake City with such lurid head- Episcopalian conscientious objectors in lines as "Swarms of Police Chase Jones" and civilian public service camps or detached service "Paul Jones Flees Deck of Burning Peace Ship." projects and fifteen more were in prison. The The district of Utah petitioned the House of government demanded that men in the camps Bishops to relieve Bishop Jones of further epis- pay thirty dollars a month for maintenance, copal duty "because of his pacifist attitude in which was a real hardship for men with families. relation to the present war." After months of The historic peace Churches (Mennonites, delay and investigation, the House of Bishops Church of the Brethren, and Quakers) then man- meeting in New York accepted his resignation as fully shouldered this load; and the EPF promised publication. Bishop of Utah. No other charge except pacif- these Churches that it would support all the and ism in war time entered into the picture, and Episcopal CO's who could not afford to pay for Paul Jones remained a Bishop to the day of his their maintenance. Three hundred members ofV reuse death; but, throughout these years, General the EPF contributed $30,000, and the joint 'com+b for Convention never asked him to undertake another mission on conscientious objectors set up by charge. General Convention and headed by Bishop Law- rence, sent out two communications, with a required So it was that in December 1919 the Fellowship covering letter by the Presiding Bishop, to all of Reconciliation asked him to become its execu- the clergy of the Church. 511 persons and 101, tive secretary, a service to which he humbly and giving $10,000, and the lovingly 'gave himself for the next ten years. I churches responded by Permission worked beside him much of this time and fully balance of several thousand more was raised by further effort and at last paid over in full. agree with the tribute which John Haynes DFMS.

/ Holmes wrote for the Christian Century after Overseas Work his death. Dr. Holmes said: "Paul Jones still war when there was lives and speaks. Of all men I have known, there IN THE aftermath of the Church 1 desperate poverty in Germany, George was none more humble - more quiet, gentle, Hogle, youthful member of a prominent -Salt brave. He blew no trumpets, and shouted from Lake City family, who had been a conscientious no housetops. He simply stood true, at any cost, Episcopal objector and member of FOR and. EPF, devoted to the Christ he loved; and Christ came to him the himself for a time to assisting a remarkable Lu- of and made his abode within his soul. One need thern pastor of a 1,000 year-old church nea~r not fear for the world. wihile such men live among Bueckeburg. Pastor Wilhelm Mensching, who us." belonged to the German FOR, had refused to say Archives By t-'ime of the second world war, pacifism "Heil Hitler" and had helped Jews and preached as a Christian vocation for those who felt called the pacifist gospel in his parish right through 2020. to it had made real progress in the thinking of the war. Pastor Andre Trocme of the Inter- the world's Churches. Lambeth had even de- national FOR in France introduced George Hogle clared, ."War as a method of settling inter- Mensching. Copyright to national disputes is incompatible with the teach- Shortly before Christmas 1947, a humble mem- ing and example of our Lord Jesus Christ." ber of Mensching's congregation gave him a few When, therefore, the U.S. in 1939 went to war hundred marks for "peace work" and on New again, 'no voice was raised in our Church to ask Year's Day 1948 twenty young folk and twenty that Bishop William Appleton Lawrence be re- older people met with George Hogle and Mensch- moved from his diocese. In fact, there were ing and unanimously resolved to found a peace several other Bishops who then belonged to the center. George interested the EPF in New York, EPF. There was still lots of opposition to con- which in turn interested Church World Service,' scientious objectors on the part of the govern- and in November the first shipment of 1500 pairs ment and many others. But this time, the of shoes arrived for Mensching's village. Freund- Fellowship of Reconciliation and the historic schaftsheim (Friendship House) stands today

MARcH 10. 1966 with its three new buildings as an international meet at the Church of the Incarnation in New peace training school directed by Pastor Mensh- York City in October at the time of the meeting ing. To its work the EPF makes an annual do- of the National Council. The Rt. Rev. Paul Jones nation. presided. He had been obliged to resign his This successful experiment led EPF in succeed- diocese during the first world war because he ing years to send financial assistance to Prof. F. was a pacifist. The church was well filled with Siegmund-Schultze, chairman of the German interested men and women. After the formal committee for conscientious objectors; to Andre meeting a substantial number stayed to discuss Trocme, director of the Maison de la Reconcilia- the future. The Rt. Rev. W. Appleton Lawrence tion in France; to K.K. Chandy, director of the presided, and the group decided to meet on Christavashram and Boys Village in Kerala, Armistice Day at the same place to plan a India; to the Japanese FOR for production of permanent organization. pacifist literature; to the Rev. Arthur Blaxall That meeting was held, and those present who is chairman of the FOR in South Africa and decided to form the Episcopal Pacifist Fellowship. executive secretary of the Christian Council of Bishop Lawrence was elected chairman with an South Africa; to Dr. Hildegard Gross-Mayr, a executive committee consisting of the usual publication. Roman Catholic who directs the FOR center in officers, members at large and a representative

and Vienna; and to Dr. Daniel Lura-Villanueva of from each of the eight provinces of our Church. Buenos Aires, who edits the FOR magazine and Letters were sent to the entire clergy list to in- reuse directs its work in Argentina. EPF also sends form them of the existence of the Episcopal for a small contribution to Honolulu for use by the Pacifist Fellowship and to ask them to make it Rev. Shelton Hale Bishop, new retired from St. known to their congregations. Philip's Church in New York but still a member For the first time in 1940 at the General Con- required of the EPF executive committee and carrying on vention in Kansas City, the Episcopal Pacifist for interracial brotherhood. Fellowship had a corporate communion, held Furthermore, the EPF has sent out its succes- several open meetings with speakers, and main-

Permission sion of pacifist apostles, notably the Rev. Artley tained a booth with exhibits. The communion B. Parson to South Africa and India, and Miss service followed by breakfast and the display

DFMS. Eleanor Eaton, who went in August to assist in booth have been continued at all succeeding Gen- / the work of the Rt. Rev. John Sadiq, bishop of eral Conventions. the diocese of Nagpur and vice president of the The following year Bishop Lawrence invited

Church Indian FOR. the E.P.F. to a conference at Bucksteep, the In closing this review, of the life and work of the EPF, let me quote a word from Mrs. Henry Episcopal Hill Pierce, who has been as a mother to the the EPF from its beginning: "The EPF is a small of unofficial group within the Church who believe deeply that war, any kind of war, and the way of

Archives Christ are utterly incompatible, who are pain- fully aware of their inadequacy for the work they

2020. see before them but who know that God can use even the least worthy of his children to carry out his purposes if they but let him." Copyright EPF After Twenty Years By Katharine C. Pierce Charter Member of the EPF

in 1939 the Rev. John Nevin Sayre EARLYcalled a group of Episcopalians together to discuss how they could witness to their belief CHAPLAIN of the Conference at Seabury House was the Rev. Samuel N. McCain Jr. who is that war is contrary to the will of Christ. After also EPF chafrman. With him is EPF member several preliminary discussions they decided to Thomas Gates

THE WITMWI" conference center of his diocese, Western Mass- committees all they had spent for the Episco- achusetts. For the next nine years the summer palians. Bishop Lawrence was chairman of the conference was held there, and since 1950 it has committee, and the amount was paid. been at Seabury House, Greenwich, Connecticut. Early in the war a register was set up for It is a three-day conference with a chaplain who Conscientious Objectors in the department of has a communion service every morning and dis- Christian Social Relations of the National Coun- tinguished leaders such as the Rev. Theodore O. cil. This was very helpful when the F.B.I. in- Wedel, Charles L. Taylor, William Smellie of vestigated the men, and it continues to be. The Perth, Canon Charles N. Raven, Andre Trocme E.P.F. has cooperated with the national service of France, K. K. Chandy of India, and Paul board for conscientious objectors and the cen- Sekiya of Japan. tral committee for conscientious objectors, the The annual meeting, a two-day event in mid- Church Peace Mission, and has given some sup- winter, has been held in various places, including port to the Presiding Bishop's Fund for World Baltimore, Boston, the College of Preachers in Relief, Church World Service, and the American Washington, Philadelphia, Springfield, Mass., Friends Service Committee. For the last ten and New York City, all with outstanding leaders. years the E.P.F. has also contributed to various publication. Since 1953 there has been a mid-west conference overseas projects carried on by pacifists in

and in the spring at Orleton Farms near Columbus, India, South Africa, Germany, Austria, France, Ohio. South America, and Hawaii. reuse During the war the E.P.F. was much con- Other Projects for cerned about Episcopalian Conscientious Ob- ENDING speakers to the seminaries is a jectors. There were 103 members of the Epis- regular part of the program to keep the copal Church in the civilian public service camps required informed about the E.P.F., and letters -52 were college graduates, 34 had done Church are sent to all members of the graduate work, and 22 were undergraduate and literature graduating classes in the Episcopal seminaries. students. When the government allowed de-

Permission Advertisements are placed in the Church papers tached service projects, many of them served as from time to time and an issue of The Witness attendants in mental hospitals or were "guinea is given over to the E.P.F. each year. The

DFMS. pigs" for experiments with malaria, jaundice, / E. P.F. is affiliated with the Fellowship of Re- typhus, etc. Fifteen went to prison because There is also a reciprocal arrange- their draft boards were not convinced of their conciliation.

Church ment with the Anglican Pacifist Fellowship sincerity. No provision was made-for the sup- whereby those who wish may receive the litera- port of conscientious objectors in the camps, and organization without cost. at the end of the war the National Council au- ture of the other

Episcopal The E.P.F. has two classes of membership, thorized raising $57,000 to repay the service

the regular and associate, to which all are welcome of who sign the appropriate statement: "In Loyalty to the Person, Spirit and Teachings of Jesus Christ, my conscience commits me to His way of Archives redemptive love and compels me to refuse to participate in or give moral support to any war". 2020. Associate members sign the following statement: "In loyalty to the Person, Spirit, and Teachings Copyright of Jesus Christ, my conscience commits me to His way of redemptive Love. I agree that war is monstrous evil and confess the sin, personal and social, which leads to involvement in it; and dedicate myself to the establishment and maintenance of a true peace, advocating such social, EPF Conference participants: 1. to r. Eleanor economic, and international readjustments at Eaton, now working in Naqpur, India; Albert whatever cost to class privilege and to nationalis- Bigelow, Quaker skipper of the Golden Rule, who was tic prestige and self-interest as may be necessary the leader; Elsa Walberg, a member of the executive committee and editor of the EPF material in this to remove the causes for war and to abolish it issue of The Witness as a fact."

MA.nC 10, 1960 Eeven Martin Comes For Counselling By Dale L. Van Meter and David Flower Vicar of St. Stephen's, Westboro, Mass. and a Student

rector sat in his study working over his more about it from the pulpits of our churches? THEsermon for the next Sunday. He was at- I've heard a minister preach about our Christian tempting to deal with the demands of Christ on duty to enter the armed forces and defend our the life of the Christian here and now. It was country, but I've never heard any clergyman talk rough going, and it left him frustrated. In the about loving our enemies instead of killing midst of his feeling, as he leaned back in his them!" chair, there came a knock at the door. He re- The rector thought for a moment, then began, membered that he had an appointment to see a "The answer to the question of 'why' is a dif- young man that morning, and the time had ficult one. It may be that the clergy don't speak arrived. out against war because they are afraid. It may "Come in," he said, as he rose from his chair. be that they feel war is justified, although, per- publication. The door opened, and a young man of the parish sonally, I don't see how one can justify war in and named Martin came into the study. He smiled, our present world. Traditionally the Church has and they exchanged the usual greetings. When held that certain conditions had to exist to make reuse they sat down Martin quickly came to the point a war 'just'. Many people, theologians included, for of his call. feel that under present circumstances these con- "I've been reading my Bible regularly in the ditions cannot exist. There has been, is now,

required last three months. This reading brings many and, I believe, always will be, a place in the questions to my mind. I look around me, and Christian Church for the individual to be able when I see what's happening in the world today, to follow the leading of the Holy Spirit in matters I begin to get the idea that people don't take such as whether or not to enter the armed Permission things seriously. Jesus tells us to love one an- forces. The tragedy in the Church today is that other and to turn the other cheek. When I read too many people want a comfortable (in the DFMS.

/ this, I feel I can't be in the military. What about worst sense of the word!) religion. They seek that? Am I misinterpreting the Scripture? the kind of religion that puts on 'rose-colored' How do you figure it out? Why is it so many glasses and refuse to face the reality of this life Church people are in the army ?" After this outburst, with its multitudinous problems calling for Martin stopped, and waited. decision by each and every Christian." "Martin," the rector replied, "I'm glad per- "If most people have this comfortable, tran- Episcopal sonally, that you've been reading the Bible. I quillizing kind of religious faith," queried Mar- the

of wish more people did. Any man who reads the tin, "then where does this leave me? I'm out Bible thoughtfully is bound to be upset. From of it, don't you think?" my observation, people don't take the Bible Thoughtful for a moment, the rector replied, Archives really seriously. You mention, specifically, the "No, you're not 'out of it'. You may be out of problem of war. There have been in the Chris- the mainstream, but you are not alone. There 2020. tian Church, from the very beginning, those who are groups within the Christian Church made up have believed the Christian ethic to be love. They of people who think much as you do. For have believed that this love, as seen in our Lord, example, have you ever heard of the Episcopal Copyright will not permit a man to fight in any army. Pacifist Fellowship within our own Church? Or People are in the army for many reasons. It the Fellowship of Reconciliation with which the may be that they have never thought seriously EPF is affiliated? It is made up of people of about this, or it may be they feel this is no con- various religious persuasions, and gives its mem- tradiction to the Christian faith. Certainly you bers opportunities to share with others in the are not misinterpreting Holy Scripture. Either peace-making to which they feel called. Our it proclaims a law of love, or it does not." With Lord did not promise any of us an easy life, this the rector sat back in his chair and waited. Martin, but he did call us to take up our cross Martin began again: "If this business of re- and follow him. This is the challenge to every lating to people in terms of love and brotherhood Christian." is traditionally Christian, why doesn't one hear "What you say," continued Martin, "makes

Twels TTm Wmiram sense to me. But then, I agree with you whole- between my parents and me. Yet the Church heartedly upon this subject. My question is, keeps saying that religion should be a unifying how do I explain this to my friends who feel dif- experience for the family." ferently? If my Christian faith is to be dynamic "Martin," said the rector, "what you mean by and mean something to me, then I must share 'the Church' may be a number of things. That's it with other people." a subject for another time. It is true that a "You're right," answered the rector. "Life number of people within the Christian Church must be an exchange between people. The word emphasize the 'pray together, stay together' 'pacifism' is unfortuate, being construed by aspect of the faith and forget that our Lord many as directly solely 'against war'. It is that, also said 'He who loves father or mother more but it is more than that. It is an attack with than me is not wort y of me.' There is bound love on all the inequalities and injustices of to be division when tonvictions run deeply. In mankind. One must share with those who work your question, there arises the problem of 'who for better conditions in all areas and for the we are', and this relates to where our first loyal- acceptance of everyone, as a person, regardless ty lies. This is to God. When the first loyalty of race, creed, or any other difference. When one is worked out, one begins to know who he is in publication. becomes involved in these constructive efforts relation to other people. There is no sense in a

and -which includes witnessing 'against war', he relationship such as this for one to 'pray to- begins to understand the ministry of love to gether' with a family that the family might 'stay reuse which we are all called." together'. This is little more than using God. for At this point in the conversation, Martin The Christian conscientious objector is one shifted in his chair. "What about my draft whose objection to war grows out of his relation- board? If they call me, I'm going to have to re- ship with God. His conviction is a matter of love required fuse. I just can't reconcile this business of being spelled out in relationship." in the army and being a Christian at the same "What you say sounds good to me," said Mar- time. How can I love my neighbor when I'm tin, "but the trouble is, most people feel that Permission being trained to kill him. Does this mean I'll what I believe is fine, but that it has no connec- have to go to jail?" tion with real life. They say that it would be

DFMS. "There are several choices open in regard to wonderful if everyone felt the way I do, but the / military training," said the rector. "A Christian fact of the matter is that everyone doesn't. Men may enter the armed forces, he may be deferred are hateful and mean as well as loving and kind, Church as a student, he may go into the reserves, he and as long as this is true, turning the other may become a non-combatant, he may enter the cheek is just social madness because it doesn't ministry, he may be a conscientious objector, or bring about a practical solution of the problem." Episcopal he may be an absolutist. The absolutist refuses "After all, what is practical?" the rector an- the to have anything to do with a draft board and of swered without hesitation. "The Church must goes, as a matter of course, to jail. I have here, never wait for the entire world to become Chris- in my files, a folder which sets forth each of tian before he trusts the way of love. If he takes

Archives these choices. It is published by the Fellowship Christianity seriously he has no choice but to act of Reconciliation. * Itanswers some of the prac- upon it now. Our Lord did not promise people 2020. tical questions you ask. Here, take it with you ease, comfort, and tranquillity, but he did say, today, and please be assured I'll be glad to help 'Take up your cross and follow me.' This is in any way I can." much the same thing as being a fool for Christ's Copyright Martin took the pamphlet, and then, some- sake." hesitantly, began again, "My parents are what Martin got up at this point and said that he As a matter of very upset about my decision. had to go, but would be back later to continue the is ordinarily a very strong, fact, my father, who discussion. After he had left the rector sat type of person, almost cried when I masculine there, thinking. "There was a man named Mar- a conscient- told him I was thinking of becoming tin. He fought in the army of the Emperor ious objector. My decision has set up a barrier until he became a Christian, and then he said that from that day on he would serve in the * "Christian Choices regarding Military Training" army of God. This he did. Later, the Church The Fellowship of Reconciliation, Box 271, was to give to Martin the name of 'Saint' and Nyack, N. Y. a day in the Church's calendar, the eleventh of

MarcH 10, 1960 Tirsm November. Many years later - centuries, in Here are two or three up-to-date "facts" fact - after the first world war, that same day from the manual: was to be known as Armistice Day, November 11. Frederick C. Grant is identified as president And then, within recent years, it was renamed of Seabury-Western Seminary. He held that Veterans' Day. Whither mankind? It depends position from 1927 to 1938, when he joined the to a great extent-does it not-on all the Mar- faculty of Union Seminary in New York as pro- tins of our world?" fessor of biblical theology, a position he held until his retirement about a year ago. Walter Russell Bowie is down in the manual as pastor of Grace Church, New York. He was rector of that parish from 1923 to 1939. From Talking It Over 1939 to 1950 he was professor of pastoral the- W. B. Spofford Sr. ology at Union Seminary, and from then until now has been on the faculty of the Virginia Air Force Manual, the subject of our Seminary. THATStory of the Week in March 3 issue, was Harry F. Ward is referred to as "the late pro- publication. written by Homer H. Hyde, a civilian who has fessor of Union Seminary" - his many friends and been in the employ of the air force for eighteen will get a boot out of that "late" business, for at years. He is a choir singer and active layman of 85 his younger friends are having a time keeping reuse Grace Baptist Temple, a fundamentalist church up with him. for in San Antonio. Enough, perhaps, to give you an idea. So with He was given material for his guidance in pre- several hundred people on the payroll of the armed services, maybe it is in order to suggest required paring the new material which contained the charge, made some years ago by J. B. Matthews, that one or two of them be assigned the job of that at least 7,000 Protestant clergymen were checking facts. communist sympathizers. So he asked his pas- There is an encouraging side to it all since this Permission tor, the Rev. Bernie Rodgers, if this was true, number could be filled with protests from reli- was told that it certainly was, and was advised gious leaders if we had room. Our Presiding

DFMS. Hargis, a radio Bishop was one of six to send a demand for re- / to get in touch with Billy James evangelist of Tulsa, Oklahoma. The radio traction; Archbishop lakovos of the Orthodox preacher sent him a batch of stuff, including his Archdiocese of North and South America issued Church own pamphlet which accused the National Coun- a statement reaffirming "its faith in the National cil of Churches and its leaders of "Treason to Council of Churches and its leaders"; W. A. God and Country." He also sent a booklet by Visser 't Hooft, secretary of the World Council Episcopal Circuit Riders, Inc., a dissident Methodist group, of Churches, speaking in Cincinnati, branded the the which stated that thirty of the ninety-five allegations as "complete nonsense" and "stupid of scholars who worked on the revised standard accusations." And from Rhode Island comes version of the Bible were communist-tainted. word that Bishop Higgins sent a telegram to his

Archives Mr. Hyde was impressed and so incorporated Senators and Congressmen and other officials long quotations from the pamphlets in the "demanding a specific and public apology to the 2020. manual he was writing. National Council of Churches - for the malicious statements made in a recently How reliable, and responsible, such armed and unproven air force manual." forces publications are apt to be can be gathered published Copyright protests, we suggest, are still in order. from what happened after that. It went to Similar Aaron L. Miller, chief of air police at the Lack- land Base in Texas, who gave it what Hyde called "a cursory review." It was then sent to The Meaning of the air training command at Mitchel Field, New The Real Presence duplicated and distributed York, where it was By G. A. Studdert-Kennedy as an instruction manual for reserve non-com- 10 for single copy o f f i c e r s throughout the country. missioned 50 copies for 52.50 General J. M. Chappell, assistant chief of staff 100 copies for $4.00 for operations, Washington, wrote and signed a The WITNESS - Tunkhannock, Pa. foreword but apparently didn't bother to read it.

Fourteen THE Wnss An evening spent with Clash of Ideologies Characterize strongly nation~alistic Hungarian students with whom we shared our rooms, was the most realis- World Youth Festival tic trial of our non-violent By Jean and Hildegard a more spiritual and apostolic position during this study week. Goss-Mayr level. Nevertheless the Festival it- IFOR Secretaries in Vienna The IFOR preparatory Con- self thrust our young people * For the first time an inter- ference in which some 30 young physically and spiritually into national team of IFOR youth p e o p 1 e participated (IFOR, a situation so far unexperienced took up contacts and gave a Quakers, Catholics) proved to that it demanded suffering and testimony at the World Youth be very necessary. Christian sacrifices perhaps greater than Festival, held in Vienna, July youth in the west, in spite of they had expected ; living and 20-August 5, 1959. the idealism that animates its sanitary conditions, hatred and Under very difficult circum- elite, is growing up in a Ghetto, divergencies within some dele- stances we had to build up the in a privileged position far re- gations, a sudden awareness of basis for this testimony during moved from the problems of the complexity of the world publication. the year preceding the Festival. hunger, race, communism and situation and of the failing of The opposition of the west ex- nationalism that torment our Christians to overcome these and pressed itself in such aggressive world. Such a conference, of problems; a new understanding political terms that there was course, cannot replace the actual for the needs of the peoples of reuse little hope for a constructive experience, but can only lead to- the world to whom the west for testimony of the values of wards it. As one of our leaders, seems egoistic; but, above all, democratic or Christian life. Ralph Keithahn, affirmed, he these two weeks - for quite a - required Being ourselves faced with their had never found in the west a number of our young people opposition and antagonism we group of young people more have been a time of rethinking repeatedly talked with them, seriously at work, more eager their own life in view of these trying to lift their position to at their task. tremendous problems, feeling Permission 1W 1W Nrr ~jtA~~b~nabrl~ 000- '_f4VIW DFMS. / For AHalf Million: Our Thanks Your seminaries are grateful to report that the sum of $568,177.94 Church was received from theological Education Sunday offerings for the year 1959. This exceeds by over $23,000 the record high of 1958. Episcopal *ee the Sincere thanks are due to the almost 5,000 parishes and the many of individuals who made this record possible. About 1,200 students in the seminaries are receiving, a direct benefit from the generous action of the Archives rectors and vestries who sponsored this offering and of the thousands'-of 2020. Church people who responded. Copyright BERKELEY DIVIN'ITY SCHOOL, New Haven, Conn.; BEXLEY HA LL THE DIVINITY SCHOOL OF KENYON COLLEGE, Gamnbier, Ohio; CHURCH D'IVINITY SCHOOL OF THE PACIFIC, Berkeley, Calif.; DIVINITY SCHOOL OF THE PROTESTANT EPISCOPAL CHURCH in Philadelphia; EPISCOPAL THEOLOGICAL SCHOOL, Cambridge, Mass.; EPISCOPAL THEOLLOGICAL SEMINARY OF THE SOUTHWEST, Austin, Texas; THE GENERAL LTHEO- LOGICAL SEMINARY, New York City; NASHOTAH HOUSE, Nashotiah, Wis. ; PRO TESTANT EPISCOPAL THEOLOGICAL SEMINARY, Alexandria, Virginia; SCHOOL OF THEOLOGY OF THE UNIVERSITY OF THE SOUTH, Sewanee, Tenn.; SEABURY-WESTERN THEOLOGICAL SEMINARY, Evanston, Ill. .H444H%4.

MARCH 10, 1960 Fifen the great need for a more pro- was imposed upon the meeting, to overcome the misery of their found, more dedicated gift of nor did they make use of the peoples, for their human rights their lives for the peace of name of our movement. The and equality. The example of Christ. If these had been the President, Ralph Keithahn, and the rapid development of the only fruits of our Vienna expe- the speakers, Pfarrer Mochalski Soviet Union into a modern, rience, we could be deeply grate- and Michael Scott, were pacifist powerful nation serves as a ful. Christians; they expressed au- great ideal for them. Firm Opposition thentic Christians t h i n k in g. Non-Violence Due to the firm opposition of Ralph K e i t h a h n succeeded When we explained the non- Austrian and other youth of through his radiating Christian violent revolution to t h e m, the west to the Festival, the at- faith to keep throughout the showing how it serves better inosphere was tense throughout, six hours of the meeting-even the needs of man and society, it but there were only a few pro- in times of intense controversy was mostly new to them, but vocations that came from the between extreme left and right eagerly discussed. Again and extreme right. The opposition -an atmosphere of calm and again we were aware of how the had information centers all peace; and, as he said, he felt faults of our own western over the city with predominant- the power of prayer in the hall politics are pushing t h e s e publication. ly aggressive political literature, that came from those who peoples towards a radical solu- which did not correspond to the struggled with him to turn tion. One of our young people and needs and research of the hatred into peace. Everyone brought about a very helpful young people attracted by com- was given an equal opportunity meeting between Dutch and In- reuse munism: it only accused, but to speak: Protestants, Catholics, donesians. Another p r i v a t e for did not provide an ideal close to Quakers; the right, the left, the meeting of importance took life. It is regrettable that in pacifists; there were bitter ac- place at the center between

required this way the Christians of the cusations a n d contributions people from Arab States and west let another chance go by lacking truth - but it was the Arabs from Israel, discussing to discover and to bring Christ first time that such an open dis- ways and means of a reap- to those for whom religion has cussion took place at a Festival. proachment between the Arabs Permission become a farce. And if it brought out differing and of lessening the tensions in Creative work w a s done, opinions even inside the Chris- the Middle East. Moroceans, however, by small groups like tian camp, it revealed neverthe- Algerians, Israelis-all of them DFMS. / ours or the Quakers and by in- less the deep conscious concern Moslems-asked IFOR to come dividuals who participated in for peace and the great need for to work in their countries, and of it Church the Festival in one way or other. a more realistic expression whether they could become Our pamphlet "Christians and in life. part of it! Peace", produced in six lan- Most fruitful, however, were There were thousands of pos- guages, was of great help and and meet- sibilities - but too few people Episcopal the personal contacts in many cases well received, ings organized privately. Here to make use of them. The hos- the aggres- tile attitude of the youth of the of while anti-Communist we felt the spirit of God touch- sive literature was often re- ing hearts: we know of several west and the Vienese population fused. cases where individuals dis- has only affirmed what propa-

Archives Our IFOR center was a place covered God through discus- ganda had told the Festival of spiritual resource for our sions and meetings. A brilliant Youth: that Christians are re-

2020. group, where we prayed to- Russian st u d e n t exclaimed: actionaries. Thousands will go gether every day, exchanged "Never before have I found such back to their countries with experiences and gathered new a high conception of man as this impression and promote this opinion at home. Copyright strength for our testimony. A you have!" Our young people true and deep spirit of com- were in the midst of these dis- We believe that it is true to munity developed and made us cussions, mediating in their own say our IFOR team has grown feel like one family in Christ. delegations when there were inwardly during these weeks. Believers' Day splits, trying to clarify wrong FOR youth that had come to The Believers' Day meeting conceptions, leading the discus- Vienna now know how complex of Christians proved to be one sions again and again on the world problems are, what true of the important meetings of spiritual level. Moments of dis- complaints exist, what preju- the Festival. Though we were appointment were followed by dices there are and how much not even observers, the Com- moments of true comprehension. hatred; but also we have expe- munists had put their confi- The Asians and Africans, most rienced anew what good there dence in us in the selection of of them still believing people, is in men even in those who are speakers: not a single speaker search in Communism for a way atheists. We discovered new

T= Wrrfas ways of approach, we know Adams, pastor of Park Avenue the National and World Coun- more about the aspirations, Christian church, New York, a cils of Churches for their needs, joys, suffering of man- general board member, named "modernistic" views and "left- kind; we have come closer to Carl McIntire of Collingswood, ist" leanings. identifying ourselves with that N.J., as being largely respon- Earlier at the sessions James big suffering family of man; sible for the charges in the Wine, associate general secre- and we know today, in view of training manual. McIntire is tary for public relations, de- all these problems, our own president of the International clared that the manual could fallibility. But before all we Council of Christian Churches well have been inspired by sub- know the almighty power of and former head of the Ameri- versives. God, his transforming force of can Council of Christian "In their official documents," love which is the only true hope Churches, both ultra funda- he said, "whether for training for all nations, and we feel the mentalist groups which in the or for other purposes, within need for a more and more com- past have repeatedly attacked the military departments of the plete gift of our whole life for the peace of Christ in and among men. publication.

and AIR FORCE MANUAL VIOLATES LAW reuse ENRICH YOUR for *Government publications which attempt to discredit, and create suspicion CHURCH WITH A required against, this country's religious institutions are a patent viola- PLANNED tion of the first amendment, declared the National Council Permission of Churches' general board in a resolution adopted at Oklahoma MEMORIAL

DFMS. City. / "The appearance of edited PROGRAM material," the resolution de-

Church clared, "prepared and distributed by any agency of the government which attempts to suspicion Episcopal discredit and create against the religious and educa- the

of tional institutions of this country is a patent violation of the free exercise of religion as

Archives guaranteed by the first amend- We offer expert council and practical ment to the constitution." help in the planning of:

2020. An "important issue" raised altars . reredos . pulpits . lectures by the controversial manual, the carved plaques and figures . baptismal statement continued, "is how fonts . metal altar ware. stained people are Copyright long the American glass . choir stalls . clergy seats . going to allow various agencies railings . credenza. of government to continue the communicants' practice of treating false and pews . parapet railings . wainscoting absurd charges lifted from con- dential files (such as those of S the FBI) as material to be seriously used as a basis for Ossit security decisions and for of- CHURCH FURNITURE COMPANY ficial indoctrination of government employees." JANESVILLE, WISCONSIN While t h e resolution was BLUEFIELD, VIRGINIA being discussed, Hampton

MaRCH 10, 1960 iSeow~ess government, there are those STUDENTS TOO CAUTIOUS nounced priestesses. To have who have attempted on occasion SAYS IONA FOUNDER women in the ministry today is to carry out a completely un- * Students, both American to delay union with the Catholic American, in fact a totalitarian, and British, are "terrifyingly section of the Church," he .con- indoctrination of their regular cautious," according to George cluded. Unnecessary delay to and -reserve. personnel." F. MacLeod, founder of the Iona reunion MacLeod, a tireless How It Started community and a past modera- worker for Church unity, op- An air force reserve sergeant, tor of the Church of Scotland. poses above all else. who is a Sunday school teacher He suggested the only bold .act at the Trinity Methodist church most young men perform in in Trenton, N. J., was the man their lives is to ask some young VESTMENTS who first brought to public girl, "Will you marry me ?" 1837 Cc VesmentMakers 1960 Over OnHundred Yearsr notice the controversial air Speaking of youth, he said, force manual. "there are no rebels. There are lha-Aar aoa~Um~ddm "I never dreamed they would only conformists." Gusm Taihubm fo Ckm. m start a Congressional investiga- The minister turns a cold eye tion," said -Paul Galanti, who upon proposals to ordain women called the manual to the atten- publication. which he said were "coming up :tion of his minister, the Rev. G. out of the rear" in Scotland. and Stanley; cleave, because, he "Now that women are emanci- said, "when I read something I pated, they say we should for- reuse question it." get ancient times and give for "The only thing I asked was : them an equal part in the minis- 'Were the charges true?' he try as well as in the other pro- said. "And this 'is what hap- required fessions. However, in ancient pened - radio, television, an times the only profession a investigation. I was just find- woman could enter was the ing out for myself." ministry. Y e t Judaism re-

Permission McCleave then phoned the Rev. Garnett Phibbs, secretary of the Trenton Council of The Parish of Trinity Church

DFMS. New York / Churches who contacted the National Council of Churches in REV. JOHN HEuss, D.D., RECTOR New York City-whose loyalty Church TRINITY was impugned in the manual. Broadway & Wall St. Sgt. Galanti said that "the Rer. Bernard C. Newman, S.T.D., Vicar Sun. HC 8, 9, 11 EP' 3:30; Daily MP 7:45. CLERGY AND COIR amazing thing is that they HC 8, 12, Ser. 12:30 Tue. Wed. & Thums. CHURCH HNIG ea Sat. HC 8. C Fri. 4:30 & W~~~''\ORNAMEINTS

Episcopal EP' 5:15 printed 6,200 copies of the by appt. I ~ MATMAIALS the manual and I was the only one ST. PAUL'S CHAPEL of to say anything about it." He Broadway and Fulton St. Sun. HC 8:30, MP, HC Scr. 10; Weekdays: said the subsequent furor has HC 8 (Thura. also at 7:30 am.) 12:05 e: repercussions af- Sat.; Int. & Bible Study 1:05 ea Sat., El' 3. resulted in no C Fri. 3:30-5:30 & by appt. Organ Recital Archives fecting his Air Force status. Wednesdays 12:30. CHAPEL OF THE INTERCESSION Christian Healing ,in the Church 2020. Broadway & 155th St. CASSOCKS Rev. Robert R. Spears Jr., Vicar SH AR IN G EUCHARISTIC VESTMENTS Sun. HC 8, 9:30 & 11, El' 4, Weekdays Only Church magazine devoted to Spiritual SURPLICES - CHOIR VESTMENTS HC daily 7 & 10, PP 9, El' 5:30, Sat. 5 Therapy, $2.00 a year. Sample on request. All Embroidery Is Hand Done lot 11:50; C Sat. 4, 5 & by appt. founded by Rev. John Gavner Banks, D.S.T.

Copyright ALTAR HANGINGS and LINENS This paper is recommended by many Materials by the yard. Kits for ST. LUKE'S CHAPEL Bishops sand Clergy. Altar Hangings and Eucharistic Vestments. 487 Hudson St. Address: Rev. Paul C. Weed, Jr., Vicar FELLOWSHIP OF ST. LUKE. J. M. HALL, INC. & II: Sun. HC 8, 9:15, 10:15 (Spanish) 2243 Front St. San Diego 1, Calif. 14 W. 40th St., New York 18, N.Y. Daily HC 7 and 8 C. Sat. 5-6 8-9 and by appt. TEL. CH 4-1070 ST. AUGUSTINE'S CHAPEL 292 Henry St. (at Scammel) Rev. C. Kilmer Meyers, S.T.D., Vicar; The Rev. M. J. Young, P.-in-C. Write us for Uub d CUEUEE uEEdih sandEHII Sun. HC 8:15, 9:30, 11; 12:30 (Spanish) FAITP CHURCH CALENDARS! EP' 5, Thurs., Sat. HIC. 9:30; EP', 5. * I'Mo CbwghbYear in lb roe wgcl ST. CHRISTOPHER'S CHAPEL Organ .Information Cho e lsepuI Chord. May he oered"wit ='mCh48 Henry St. The Rev. C. Kilmer Myers, S. T. D., Vicar; * Wdb fee REEEPISCOPAL CIRCULAR or seed = The Rev. W. Wendt, P.-us-C. AUSTIN ORGANS. Inc. 8:30; Weekdays 8, 5:30. 3ASHBYCObMPANY .421 STATE * 12I6, PA.5 Sun. 8, 10, Hartford, Conn.. mnmtm*'guuutuiuniminnlinmnufmni.mS.

BighteNl Tur W'rrmass Elizabeth R. Noice house in order. It is heartening to Churchwoman of Gunnison, Colo. read an article in the Living Church - on streamlining the Liturgy (i.e. BACKFIRE- You can't imagine how much The getting back to the simpler Prayer Witness means to one in an isolated Book service), and to see growing mlEmilOberholzer Jr. mission governed by those who are toleration of the good points of Layman of New York City more concerned with giving prestige "Catholic" practice by low church- Your list of "tips" on relations be- to the Episcopal Church than in men. We seem to be working out a of the tween clergy and laity, ascribed to living and spreading Christianity. second Elizabethan Settlement Wit- extremes of Anglican thought and the Reverend John Heuss (The While I can't go along with all your ness, February 25), is interesting, practice. for a recent encounter with a young policies, I do enjoy the depth and clergyman who called me by my first breadth of thought represented. Odd- Clinton S. Larmore name but objected to being called by ly enouth I have never seen a copy Layman of Baltimore, Maryland his first name recalled to my mind of The Witness except my own. Our the an almost identical list in some last two vicars have been horrified What is proper to do during singing of the canticles? To sit or church paper about ten year ago. to find me reading anything so "sub- The points made have great merit, versive". to stand? At one time we stood but to sit. I would but certain qualifications seem to be I believe Christian disunity is our now the practice is in order. "Have respect for all Holy basic problem, not only abroad but at appreciate your advice. It has always been Orders, whoever the ordained man home, in our efforts to evangelize the Editor's Note: publication. may be," if carried to its logical typical secular American or Briton. the practice in the Anglican Com- If all Christian clergy were exiled munion to kneel for prayer, stand and extremes, could lead to an abrogation The of all critical faculties where the to an island for three years, their for praise, sit for instruction. stand. clergy are concerned. To confine the congregations would find a way to canticles are praise, therefore reuse the prac- matter to figures of the past, it would unity. And the reverend gentlemen, It is news to us that "now for mean that we should respect an divested of all denominational props tice is to sit." each others' com- obvious scoundrel like Alexander VI and forced into William B. Spofford no less than the saintly Lancelot pany, would probably do likewise. We of the Anglican Communion are Managing Editor required Andrewes ! That piece of mine on page 14, matter of not aspiring "to a small but crucially essential part The middle of the second column, should call the priest by his first name" has of the Body of Christ, but we cannot read, "So with several hundred people a corollary: let not the priest assume fulfill our function if we pretend to on the payroll of the armed services that the parishioner wants to be be the whole Body.

Permission writing manuals, maybe etc." called by his first name on a uni- Meanwhile, we must put our own lateral basis. I know a number of priests who blithely call every lay-

DFMS. man by his first name but who are / outraged when the process is re- =Zchoo18 of thc Church versed. Save where obvious differ- ences in age or status other than Church the fact of ordination exist, I suggest that the clergy refrain from LENOX SCHOOL DeVEAUX SCHOOL addressing laymen by their first for Niagara Fails, New York A Church School in the Berkshire Hills Fousrmm 1853 names unless a bond of personal boys 12-is emphasizing Christian ideals and Episcopal which goes beyond the character through simplicity Of Plant and A Church School for boys in the Diocese of friendship equipment, moderate tuition, the co-operative Western New York College preparatory. the pastoral relationship and which is self-help system and informal, personal ads-' Small classes. New Gymnasium and of not of the superficial "buddy-buddy" tionships among boys and faculty. Swimming Pool. Grades 7 through 12. For inaformsations address Boxt "A". variety justifies the mutual use of REV. ROBERT L.. CURRY, Hoasse MASAGanOrr G. PArrauSON CRANDTALL1,Actsing Headmsaster first names. I MOs., The Rt. Rev. LAussoN L. SCAIWE, D.., = 0 = 0 = 0 = 0=r' Pres. Board of Trusstees Archives NORTHWESTERN 2020. Military and Naval THE WOODHULL SCHOOLS ST. MARGARET'S SCHOOL COLLEGE PREPARATION FOB GxuxLa ACADEMY Nursery to College F'ully accredited. Grades 8-12. Music, art, dramatics. Small classes. All Copyright Lake Geneva, Wisconsin HOLLIS, L. 1. sports. On beautiful Rappahannock Rev. James Howard Jacobson Sponsored by Episcopal. Summer School. ST. GABRIEL'S EPISCOPAL CHURCH River. Superintendent and Rector Write for catalog. outstanding military college pre- under the direction of the rector, Viola H. Woolf olk, An THE REV. ROBERT Y. CONDIT paratory school for boys 12 to 18, Box W, Tappahanock. Virinia grades 8 through 12. Fireproof buildings, modern science department, laboratory and academic. excellent HOLDERNESS THE ANNIE WRIGHT SEMINARY 90 acre campus with ex- Announces Its Seventh-Pifth Annfvassary facilities. The White Mountain School for boys 13-19. tensive lake shore frontage, new Year, 1958-59, College Preparatery Studioa rhorough college perparation in small Classes. in A C HRIMrAN SCHlOOL. 3 court gym. Enviable year 'round Student government emphasizes responsihy- Yew-Rowud Sports Pregres environment. All sports, including ream sports, skiing. Debating. Glee Club. Art. The, Rt. Rev. Strohm F. iye zS.D riding and sailing. Accredited. Sum- New fireproof building. The Rey. W. C. Woedhon,P sphs mer Camp. Write for catalogue, DoN u~n C. HAGzamA, Hadimsr For infoesnai. writs Ruth Jealrs. LR.D., 164 South Lake Shore Road. Plymouth, New Msampsaire Hedmitsm Tacoma 3. Wassigs C=0==0=0 0 0= Episcopal Pacifist Fellowship

FOUNDED 1939

Honorary Chairman Chairman The Rt. Rev. William Appleton Lawrence The Rev. Samuel N. McCain, Jr.

An organization of members of the Protestant Episcopal Church who seek to emphasize Christ's way of love and reconciliation in inter- publication. national, economic and s o c ia 1 issues, and who and subscribe to the following statement : Spirit and Teachings of Jesus Christ, my reuse In Loyalty to the Person,

for conscience commits me to His way of redemptive love and compels me to refuse to participate in or give moral support to any war. required Membership applications and requests for information are welcomed

Permission Mid-West Youth Conference Proctor Farms, Ohdo April 23 - 24

DFMS. Leader: Albert S. Bigelow Chaplain: The Rev. Richard Fenn / For details write to: Margaret von Selie,

Church 2400 Grandview Ave., Cincinnati, Ohio

Episcopal Annual Conference the Seabury House, Greenwich, Connecticut August 30 - September 2 of Leader: The Rev. John Oliver Nelson Chaplain : The Rev. Freedom Wentworth IT Archives 2020.

EPISCOPAL PACIFIST FELLOWSHIP Copyright 9 East 94th Street New York 28, New York

QJ I wish to receive further information about the E. P. F.

Q I subscribe to the above statement and wish to become a member of the Episcopal Pacifist Fellowship.

n I contribute $...... _..__ to the work of the E. P. F.