Federal Register/Vol. 82, No. 248/Thursday, December 28, 2017
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Tolerance and Resistance to Organic Nitrates in Human Blood Vessels
\ö-\2- Tolerance and Resistance to Organic Nitrates in Human Blood Vessels Peter Radford Sage MBBS, FRACP Thesis submit.ted for the degree of Doctor of Philosuphy Department of Medicine University of Adelaide and Cardiology Unit The Queen Elizabeth Hospital I Table of Gontents Summary vii Declaration x Acknowledgments xi Abbreviations xil Publications xtil. l.INTRODUCTION l.L Historical Perspective I i.2 Chemical Structure and Available Preparations I 1.3 Cellular/biochemical mechanism of action 2 1.3.1 What is the pharmacologically active moiety? 3 1.3.2 How i.s the active moiety formed? i 4 1.3.3 Which enzyme system(s) is involved in nitrate bioconversi<¡n? 5 1.3.4 What is the role of sulphydryl groups in nitrate action? 9 1.3.5 Cellular mechanism of action after release of the active moiety 11 1.4 Pharmacokinetics t2 1.5 Pharmacological Effects r5 1.5.1 Vascular effects 15 l.5.2Platelet Effects t7 1.5.3 Myocardial effects 18 1.6 Clinical Efhcacy 18 1.6.1 Stable angina pectoris 18 1.6.2 Unstable angina pectoris 2t 1.6.3 Acute myocardial infarction 2l 1.6.4 Congestive Heart Failure 23 ll 1.6.5 Other 24 1.7 Relationship with the endothelium and EDRF 24 1.7.1 EDRF and the endothelium 24 1.7.2 Nitrate-endothelium interactions 2l 1.8 Factors limiting nitrate efficacy' Nitrate tolerance 28 1.8.1 Historical notes 28 1.8.2 Clinical evidence for nitrate tolerance 29 1.8.3 True/cellular nitrate tolerance 31 1.8.3.1 Previous studies 31 | .8.3.2 Postulated mechanisms of true/cellular tolerance JJ 1.8.3.2.1 The "sulphydryl depletion" hypothesis JJ 1.8.3.2.2 Desensitization of guanylate cyclase 35 1 8.i.?..3 Impaired nitrate bioconversion 36 1.8.3.2.4'Ihe "superoxide hypothesis" 38 I.8.3.2.5 Other possible mechanisms 42 1.8.4 Pseudotolerance ; 42 1.8.4. -
Transport of Dangerous Goods
ST/SG/AC.10/1/Rev.16 (Vol.I) Recommendations on the TRANSPORT OF DANGEROUS GOODS Model Regulations Volume I Sixteenth revised edition UNITED NATIONS New York and Geneva, 2009 NOTE The designations employed and the presentation of the material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Secretariat of the United Nations concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area, or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. ST/SG/AC.10/1/Rev.16 (Vol.I) Copyright © United Nations, 2009 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may, for sales purposes, be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, electrostatic, magnetic tape, mechanical, photocopying or otherwise, without prior permission in writing from the United Nations. UNITED NATIONS Sales No. E.09.VIII.2 ISBN 978-92-1-139136-7 (complete set of two volumes) ISSN 1014-5753 Volumes I and II not to be sold separately FOREWORD The Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods are addressed to governments and to the international organizations concerned with safety in the transport of dangerous goods. The first version, prepared by the United Nations Economic and Social Council's Committee of Experts on the Transport of Dangerous Goods, was published in 1956 (ST/ECA/43-E/CN.2/170). In response to developments in technology and the changing needs of users, they have been regularly amended and updated at succeeding sessions of the Committee of Experts pursuant to Resolution 645 G (XXIII) of 26 April 1957 of the Economic and Social Council and subsequent resolutions. -
Characterizing Explosive Effects on Underground Structures.” Electronic Scientific Notebook 1160E
NUREG/CR-7201 Characterizing Explosive Effects on Underground Structures Office of Nuclear Security and Incident Response AVAILABILITY OF REFERENCE MATERIALS IN NRC PUBLICATIONS NRC Reference Material Non-NRC Reference Material As of November 1999, you may electronically access Documents available from public and special technical NUREG-series publications and other NRC records at libraries include all open literature items, such as books, NRC’s Library at www.nrc.gov/reading-rm.html. Publicly journal articles, transactions, Federal Register notices, released records include, to name a few, NUREG-series Federal and State legislation, and congressional reports. publications; Federal Register notices; applicant, Such documents as theses, dissertations, foreign reports licensee, and vendor documents and correspondence; and translations, and non-NRC conference proceedings NRC correspondence and internal memoranda; bulletins may be purchased from their sponsoring organization. and information notices; inspection and investigative reports; licensee event reports; and Commission papers Copies of industry codes and standards used in a and their attachments. substantive manner in the NRC regulatory process are maintained at— NRC publications in the NUREG series, NRC regulations, The NRC Technical Library and Title 10, “Energy,” in the Code of Federal Regulations Two White Flint North may also be purchased from one of these two sources. 11545 Rockville Pike Rockville, MD 20852-2738 1. The Superintendent of Documents U.S. Government Publishing Office These standards are available in the library for reference Mail Stop IDCC use by the public. Codes and standards are usually Washington, DC 20402-0001 copyrighted and may be purchased from the originating Internet: bookstore.gpo.gov organization or, if they are American National Standards, Telephone: (202) 512-1800 from— Fax: (202) 512-2104 American National Standards Institute 11 West 42nd Street 2. -
Chemical Hygiene Plan Manual
CHEMICAL HYGIENE PLAN AND HAZARDOUS MATERIALS SAFETY MANUAL FOR LABORATORIES This is the Chemical Hygiene Plan specific to the following areas: Laboratory name or room number(s): ___________________________________ Building: __________________________________________________________ Supervisor: _______________________________________________________ Department: _______________________________________________________ Telephone numbers 911 for Emergency and urgent consultation 48221 Police business line 46919 Fire Dept business line 46371 Radiological and Environmental Management Revisied on: Enter a revision date here. All laboratory chemical use areas must maintain a work-area specific Chemical Hygiene Plan which conforms to the requirements of the OSHA Laboraotry Standard 29 CFR 19190.1450. Purdue University laboratories may use this document as a starting point for creating their work area specific CHP. Minimally this cover page is to be edited for work area specificity (non-West Lafayette laboratories are to place their own emergency, fire, and police telephone numbers in the space above) AND appendix K must be completed. This instruction and information box should remain. This model CHP is version 2010A; updates are to be found at www.purdue.edu/rem This page intentionally blank. PURDUE CHEMICAL HYGIENE PLAN AWARENESS CERTIFICATION For CHP of: ______________________________ Professor, building, rooms The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) requires that laboratory employees be made aware of the Chemical Hygiene Plan at their place of employment (29 CFR 1910.1450). The Purdue University Chemical Hygiene Plan and Hazardous Materials Safety Manual serves as the written Chemical Hygiene Plan (CHP) for laboratories using chemicals at Purdue University. The CHP is a regular, continuing effort, not a standby or short term activity. Departments, divisions, sections, or other work units engaged in laboratory work whose hazards are not sufficiently covered in this written manual must customize it by adding their own sections as appropriate (e.g. -
NITROGEN by Raymond L
NITROGEN By Raymond L. Cantrell In 1994, nitrogen compound supplies in the second in discharges to surface water, and third per-year ammonia plant based on methane gas United States reached an all time record high in terms of the largest emissions to the air. feedstock derived from lignite. A used because of strong domestic demand for Ammonium nitrate solution, nitric acid, ammonia plant was to be moved from Freeport- agricultural and industrial products; an acetonitrile, and ammonium sulfate solution McMoRan's idle Fort Madison, IA, facility. extremely tight supply situation was were also listed in the top 50 TRI releases, in Total ammonia capacity, including that already experienced. The total value of the U.S. order of importance.6 onsite, should approximate 310,000 tons per nitrogen compound supply, f.o.b. U.S. Gulf, year. The first flue gas desulfurization unit nearly doubled to an impressive $5.0 billion, Production based on ammoniation of sulfur dioxide to compared with $2.7 billion during the previous produce salable ammonium sulfate, was to be year. U.S. ammonia producers operated at more constructed using General Electric A unique combination of strong upward than 100% of design capacity in 1994. Environmental Systems' Inc. technology. The movement in the domestic nitrogen market led Ammonia ranked as the sixth largest volume unit was designed to produce 180,000 tons per to several new all time record highs, including chemical produced in the United States, year of salable ammonium sulfate, to be nitrogen fertilizer consumption1 and agricultural according to information published by Chemical marketed under contract by H. -
University of Southampton Research Repository Eprints Soton
University of Southampton Research Repository ePrints Soton Copyright © and Moral Rights for this thesis are retained by the author and/or other copyright owners. A copy can be downloaded for personal non-commercial research or study, without prior permission or charge. This thesis cannot be reproduced or quoted extensively from without first obtaining permission in writing from the copyright holder/s. The content must not be changed in any way or sold commercially in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders. When referring to this work, full bibliographic details including the author, title, awarding institution and date of the thesis must be given e.g. AUTHOR (year of submission) "Full thesis title", University of Southampton, name of the University School or Department, PhD Thesis, pagination http://eprints.soton.ac.uk UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHAMPTON FACULTY OF SCIENCE DEPARTMENT OF CHEMISTRY Doctor of Philosophy CHEMICAL AND ELECTROCHEMICAL NITRATIONS OF ALKENES AND DIENES by Andrew Jonathan Bloom ACKNOWLEDGEMENT I wish to thank the following: My parents for their support; Dr. John Mellor and Professor Martin Fleischmann, my supervisors; Dr. Philip Parsons for his faith and encouragement; Neil Smith, Ivan Pinto, Jeff Buchannan and Neil Carlson for the proof-reading and Suzanne Salt for the typing. Financial support from The Procurement Executive, Ministry of Defence, for my maintenance grant, and NATO, for travel expenses, is gratefully acknowledged. Table of Contents Chapter 1 Introduction 1 I'l Electrochemical -
Explosives and Terminal Ballistics
AND TERMINAL BALLISTICS A REPORT PREPARED FOR THE AAF SCIEN'rIFIC ADVISORY GROUP By D. P. MAC DOUGALL Naval Ordnance Laboratory, Washington, D. C. N. M. NEWMARK Department oj Civil Engineering, University oj Illinois • PMblished May, 1946 by HEADQUARTERS AIR MATERIEL COMMAND PUBLICATIONS BRANCH, INTEJtJYiE~9) '1001 WRIGHT FIELD, DAYTON, OHIO V-46579 The AAF Scientific Advisory Group was activated late in 1944 by General of the Army H. H. Arnold. He se cured the services of Dr. Theodore von Karman, re nowned scientist and consultant in aeronautics, who agreed to organize and direct the group. Dr. von Karman gathered about him a group of Ameri can scientists from every field of research having a bearing on air power. These men then analyzed im portant developments in the basic sciences, both here and abroad, and attempted to evaluate the effects of their application to air power. This volume is one of a group of reports made to the Army Air Forces by the Scientific Advisory Group. Thil document contolnl Information affecting the notional defenle of the United Statel within the meaning of the Espionage Ad, SO U. S. C., 31 and 32, 01 amended. Its tronsmiulon or the revelation of Its contents In any manner to on unauthorized person II prohibited by low. AAF SCIENTIFIC ADVISORY GROUP Dr. Th. von Karman Director Colonel F. E. Glantzberg Dr. H. L. Dryden Deputy Director, Military Deputy Director, Scientific Lt Col G. T. McHugh, Executive Capt C. H. Jackson, Jr., Secretary CONSULTANTS Dr. C. W. Bray Dr. A. J. Stosick Dr. L. A. -
Trinitrobenzene
doi: 10.5028/jatm.2011.03010411 Gilson da Silva* National Industrial Property Institute Synthesis of 2,4,6-triamino-1,3,5- Rio de Janeiro – Brazil [email protected] trinitrobenzene Elizabeth da Costa Mattos Abstract: The 2,4,6-triamino-1,3,5-trinitrobenzene (TATB) is perhaps the Institute of Aeronautics and Space most thermostable and insensitive explosive known. Its low sensibility to São José dos Campos – Brazil shock makes it suitable for military and civil applications. TATB application [email protected] is done either alone or in combination with another high energetic material. This study aimed at reporting the review about many processes to produce *author for correspondence TATB and the problems associated with them, as well as suggest techniques like Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR) and Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), which can be useful in the characterization of this energetic compound. Keywords: TATB, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, Differential Scanning Calorimetry, Plastic-bonded explosive. LIST OF SYMBOLS impact hazards is important. Other potential applications include the use of TATB as the booster or main charge TATB 2,4,6-triamino-1,3,5-trinitrobenzene explosives for down-hole oil perforation at elevated HE high explosive temperature surroundings (Lee, 1996). PBX plastic-bonded explosive HMX octogen TATB is a high explosive (HE) that can be combined with plastic binder to produce a plastic-bonded explosive RDX hexogen (PBX) composition, which is heat-resistant and highly TCB 1,3,5-trichlorobenzene insensitive. It is insoluble in organic solvents and has a TCTNB 1,3,5-trichloro-2,4,6-trinitrobenzene melting point above 400oC. -
CHEMICAL HYGIENE PLAN Laboratory Safety Manual Approval
CHEMICAL HYGIENE PLAN Laboratory Safety Manual Approval Date: March 10, 2015 Prepared By: Environmental Health & Safety Table of Contents TABLE OF CONTENTS PART A: University-wide Policies and Procedures I. Introduction: ............................................................................... 2 II. Responsibilities: ......................................................................... 3 III. Information Dissemination and Employee Training. ................. 5 IV. Chemical Procurement Procedures. ........................................... 6 V. Working with Chemicals: General Safety Standard Operating Procedures. .................... 7 VI. Chemical Storage. ..................................................................... 9 VII. Disposal of Chemical Waste. ........................................................ 17 VIII. Hazard Identification: Classification & Communication. ........... 25 IX. Environmental Monitoring. ......................................................... 35 X. Personal Protective Equipment. .................................................. 37 XI. Respiratory Protection. ................................................................ 39 XII. Eye-Wash & Deluge Shower Stations. ......................................... 40 XIII. Fume Hoods. ............................................................................... 44 XIV. Fire Extinguishers. ..................................................................... 42 XV. Emergency Response. ................................................................. -
Nitric Oxide Releasing Chelating Agents and Their
Europäisches Patentamt *EP001060174B1* (19) European Patent Office Office européen des brevets (11) EP 1 060 174 B1 (12) EUROPEAN PATENT SPECIFICATION (45) Date of publication and mention (51) Int Cl.7: C07D 401/12, A61K 31/44 of the grant of the patent: 22.09.2004 Bulletin 2004/39 (86) International application number: PCT/GB1998/003840 (21) Application number: 98962567.8 (87) International publication number: (22) Date of filing: 18.12.1998 WO 1999/033823 (08.07.1999 Gazette 1999/27) (54) NITRIC OXIDE RELEASING CHELATING AGENTS AND THEIR THERAPEUTIC USE STICKSTOFFOXID FREISETZENDE CHELATBILDNER UND IHRE THERAPEUTISCHE VERWENDUNG CHELATEURS LIBERANT DE L’OXYDE NITRIQUE ET LEUR EMPLOI A DES FINS THERAPEUTIQUES (84) Designated Contracting States: (74) Representative: AT BE CH CY DE DK ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LI LU Hammett, Audrey Grace Campbell et al MC NL PT SE Amersham plc Amersham Place (30) Priority: 23.12.1997 GB 9727226 Little Chalfont, Bucks. HP7 9NA (GB) 13.03.1998 GB 9805450 (56) References cited: (43) Date of publication of application: EP-A- 0 292 761 WO-A-93/20806 20.12.2000 Bulletin 2000/51 WO-A-95/12394 WO-A-96/31217 WO-A-96/39409 WO-A-97/49390 (73) Proprietor: Amersham Health AS US-A- 5 250 550 0401 Oslo (NO) • MOORADIAN D L ET AL: "NITRIC OXIDE (NO) (72) Inventors: DONOR MOLECULES: EFFECT OF NO • TOWART, Robertson RELEASE RATE ON VASCULAR SMOOTH Stoke Poges SL2 4PT (GB) MUSCLE CELL PROLIFERATION IN VITRO" • KARLSSON, Jan, Olof, Gustav JOURNAL OF CARDIOVASCULAR N-1450 Nesoddtangen (NO) PHARMACOLOGY, vol. -
2010 Minerals Yearbook
2010 Minerals Yearbook EXPLOSIVES U.S. Department of the Interior October 2012 U.S. Geological Survey EXPLOSIVES By Lori E. Apodaca In 2010, U.S. explosives consumption was 2.68 million metric Vet’s Explosives Inc. tons (Mt), about an 18% increase from that of 2009; sales of Viking Explosives and Supply Inc. explosives were reported in all States except Delaware. Coal W.A. Murphy, Inc. mining, with about 71% of total consumption, continued to be El Dorado Chemical Co. (a subsidiary of LSB Industries Inc.) the dominant use for explosives in the United States. Wyoming, signed a 5-year agreement with Orica International Pte Ltd. West Virginia, and Kentucky, in descending order, led the (Orica) to supply Orica with 230,000 metric tons per year (t/yr) Nation in coal production, accounting for 63% of the total. of industrial-grade ammonium nitrate. The new agreement These States were also the leading explosives-consuming States, replaces the previous agreement to supply 190,000 t/yr of accounting for 46% of total U.S. explosives sales. ammonium nitrate to Orica (Green Markets, 2010b). Apache Nitrogen Products Inc. was investing $5.5 million to Legislation and Government Programs upgrade its Arizona ammonium nitrate prill plant. They were replacing the dry end of the prill ammonium nitrate process Effective February 3, the Occupational Safety and Health in order to reduce moisture problems. Sixty percent of the Administration (OSHA) terminated the rulemaking that had liquid ammonium nitrate produced onsite was used to produce been proposed in 2007 to amend its Explosives and Blasting low-density ammonium nitrate prill for use in the mining Agents Standard (CFR 1910.109). -
Nebraska Ordnance Plant (Former), OU 2 Mead, NE 4/7/1997
PB97-964304 EPA/541/R-97/143 January 1998 EPA Superfund Record of Decision: Nebraska Ordnance Plant (Former), OU 2 Mead, NE 4/7/1997 ~-+,+--,+- ,#'+'+'-'+'+ lit Woodward-Clyde ~ October 1, 1996 WCC Project 92KW030M Commander u.s. Army Engineer District, Kansas City ATTN: CEMRK-EP-EC (Ms. Rosemary Gilbertson) 700 Federal Building 601 East 12th Street Kansas City, Missouri 64106-2896 Re: Transmittal ofFinal Record ofDecision for Signature Pages Completion For Operable Unit No.2 (Groundwater) Former Nebraska Ordnance Plant, Mead, Nebraska Contract No. DACA41-92-C-0023 Dear Ms. Gilbertson: We are hereby transmitting seven copies ofthe subject document. We understand that after the signature pages have been completed, we will distribute copies ofthe signed document according to the attached distribution list. On September 30, 1996, we transmitted to you 13 pages ofthis document which showed revisions from the draft final document in redline/strikeout format. We also copied the transmittal to Mr. Craig Bernstein ofthe U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and Mr. Troy Bredenkamp ofthe Nebraska Department ofEnvironmental Quality. Electronic facsimile was used to make the transmittals. Please contact us should you have any questions. Very truly yours, Curt Elmore, Ph.D., P.E. OU2 Project Manager Mead Project Manager Enclosure cc: Steve Iverson (CEMRK-ME-H) w/o enc. Craig Bernstein (U.S. Environnmental Protection Agency) 92030\RODLTRJ.ACE 10/01196 9:44AM Woodward.Clyde Consultants - A subsidiary of WOOdward-Clyde Group. Inc 10975 EI Monte. SUite 100 Overland Park. Kansas 66211 (913) 344-1000 Fax (913) 344-1011 DISTRIBUTION LIST (After Signature) OF THE FINAL RECORD OF DECISION OPERABLE UNIT NO.2 FORMER NEBRASKA ORDNANCE PLANT MEAD, NEBRASKA Organization Copies U.S.