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Punicasi02siliuoft Bw.Pdf r *N THE LOEB CLASSICAL LIBRARY FOUNDED BY JAMES LOEB, LL.D. EDITED BY fT. E. PAGE, C.H., LITT.D. t E. CAPPS, PH.D., LL.D. t W. H. D. ROUSE, litt.d. L. A. POST, L.H.D. E. H. WARMINGTON, m.a., f.r.hist.soo. SILIUS ITALICUS II i SILIUS ITALICUS PUNICA WITH AN ENGLISH TRANSLATION BY J. D. DUFF RI.A., HON.D.LITT. DURHAM FELLOW OF TRINITY COLLEGE, CAMBRIDCK IN TWO VOLUMES II LONDON WILLIAM HEINEMANN LTD CAMBRIDGE, MASSACHUSETTS HARVARD UNIVERSITY PRESS MCMLXI First printed 1934 Reprinted 1938, 1950. 1961 Printed in Great Britain CONTENTS OF VOLUME II PAGE Book IX 2 Book X 50 Book XI 100 Book XII H6 Book XIII 204 Book XIV 272 Book XV 324 Book XVI 386 Book XVII 4.38 Index ....... 489 SILIUS ITALICUS BOOKS IX-XVII VOL. II a2 PUNICORUM LIBER NONUS ARGUMENT Varro is eager to fight, and his boldness is increased by a successful skirmish. Paulus tries in vain to restrain his colleague (1-65). A horrible crime committed in ignorance Turbato monstris Latio cladisque futurae signa per Ausoniam prodentibus irrita divis, haud secus ac si fausta forent et prospera pugnae omina venturae, consul traducere noctem exsomnis telumque manu vibrare per umbras, 5 ac modo segnitie Paulum increpitare, modo acres exercere tubas nocturnaque classica velle. nee minor in Poeno properi certaminis ardor, erumpunt vallo, fortuna urgente sinistra, consertaeque manus ; nam sparsi ad pabula campis vicinis raptanda Macae fudere volucrem 11 telorum nubem. ante omnes invadere bella Mancinus gaudens hostilique unguere primus tela cruore cadit ; cadit et numerosa inventus, nee pecudum fibras Varro et contraria Paulo 15 auspicia incusante deum compesceret arma, <* An African people living near the river Cinyps. PUNICA BOOK IX ARGUMENT {continued) during the night portends disaster to the Romans (6G-177). Hannibal encourages his men and then draws them up in line of battle (178-243). Varro does the same (244-277). The battle of Cannae (278-x. 325). Though Italy was disturbed by these portents and the gods in vain revealed tokens of coming disaster throughout the land, yet Varro behaved as if the omens for the imminent battle were favourable and auspicious. He took no sleep that night but bran- dished his sword in the darkness, at one time blaming Paulus for inaction, at another seeking to sound by night the fierce war-note of his trumpets. Nor was Hannibal less eager for instant conflict. Driven on by evil fortune, our soldiers sallied out from the camp, and battle was joined. For a body of Macae," foraging here and there in the neighbouring plains, discharged a cloud of winged missiles. Here Mancinus fell, while rejoicing to be the foremost fighter and first to dye his sword with the blood of an enemy ; and with him fell many soldiers. Still, though Paulus ob- jected that the entrails of the victims were ominous of the gods' disfavour, Varro would not have checked 3 SILIUS ITALICUS ni sors alterni iuris, quo castra reguntur, arbitrium pugnae properanti in fata negasset. quae tamen baud valuit perituris milibus una plus donasse die. rediere in castra, gemente 20 baud dubie Paulo, qui erastina iura videret amenti cessura viro, frustraque suorum servatas a caede animas. nam turbidus ira infensusque morae dilata ob proelia ductor : " sicine, sic," inquit, " grates pretiumque rependis, 25 Paule, tui capitis ? meruerunt talia, qui te legibus atque urnae dira eripuere minanti ? tradant immo bosti revocatos ilicet enses, tradant arma iube, aut pugnantum deripe dextris. sed vos, quorum oculos atque ora bumentia vidi, 30 vertere cum consul terga et remeare iuberet, et ne morem pugnae signum expectate petendae ; dux sibi quisque viam rapito, cum spargere primis incipiet radiis Gargana cacumina Phoebus. pandam egomet propere portas : ruite ocius atque bunc ereptum revocate diem." sic turbidus aegra 36 pestifero pugnae castra incendebat amore. At Paulus, iam non idem nee mente nee ore, sed qualis stratis deleto milite campis post pugnam stetit, ante oculos atque ora futuro 40 obversante malo ; ceu iam spe lucis adempta, cum stupet exanimata parens natique tepentes nequiquam fovet extremis amplexibus artus : "per totiens," inquit, " concussae moenia Romae, " The two consuls held command by turns on alternate days. ^ See viii. 289 foil. • See iv. 561. PUNICA, IX. 17-44 the fighting, had not the rule of alternate command " over the army denied him the power of decision, as he rushed upon his fate. Yet this rule could give the doomed multitude a reprieve for one day only. Back they went to camp ; and Paulus loudly lamented, because he saw that to-morrow the command would devolve on a madman, and that he had saved the lives of his men to no purpose. For Varro, in fierce anger and resenting the postponement of battle, addressed him thus : "Is this the way, Paulus, you show gratitude and repay me for saving your life } Is this the reward of those who rescued you from the laws and from a jury that meant mischief ? ^ Better bid our men at once surrender to the foe the swords and weapons which you called back from battle ; or snatch them yourself from their grasp. But you, my men, whose faces I saw wet with tears when Paulus ordered you to turn your backs in retreat, break with custom and anticipate the word of command for battle : let each man be his own commander and rush to action as soon as the first rays of the sun are thrown on the summit of Mount Garganus.'' I shall open the gates of the camp myself with no delay. Rush ahead, and make up for the opportunity you were robbed of to-day." Thus in his excitement he tried to animate the sick hearts of his men with a fatal desire for battle. Meanwhile Paulus underwent a change : he felt and looked now as when he stood after the battle and the field lay before him strewn with Roman corpses ; for the imminent disaster pressed upon his very sight. So sits a mother stunned and senseless, when all hope of her son's life is lost, and she cherishes with a last fruitless embrace the limbs that are not yet cold. He spoke thus: "By the walls of Rome so often shaken, 5 SILIUS ITALICUS perque has, nox Stygia quas iam circumvolat umbra, insontes animas, cladi parce obvius ire. 46 dum transit divum furor, et consumitur ira Fortunae, novus Hannibalis, sat, nomina ferre si discit miles nee frigidus aspicit hostem. nonne vides, cum vicinis auditur in arvis, 50 quam subitus linquat pallentia corpora sanguis ? quamque fluant arma ante t-ubas ? cunctator et aeger, ut rere, in pugnas Fabius quoscumque sub illis culpatis duxit signis, nunc arma capessunt, at, quos Flaminius—sed dira avertite, divi. 55 sin nostris animus monitis precibusque repugnat, aures pande deo : cecinit Cymaea per orbem haec olim vates et te praesaga tuosque vulgavit terris proavorum aetate furores. iamque alter tibi, nee perplexo carmine, coram 60 fata cano yates : sistis ni crastina signa, firmabis nostro Phoebeae dicta Sibyllae sanguine ; nee Graio posthac Diomede ferentur sed te, si perstas, insignes consule campi." haec Paulus, lacrimaeque oculis ardentibus ortae. 65 Necnon et noctem sceleratus polluit error. Xanthippo captus Libycis tolerarat in oris servitium Satricus, mox inter praemia regi Autololum dono datus ob virtutis honorem. huic domus et gemini fuerant Sulmone relicti 70 matris in uberibus nati, Mancinus et una <* " were slain at Lake Trasimene " are the words which Paulus forbears to utter. * The Sibyl of Cumae: see vii. 483. " See viii. 241. " Silius must have invented the episode that follows ; but he can hardly have expected his readers to believe a story so monstrously improbable. « See vi. 302 foil. ^ A city of the Peligni in N. Italy, the birthplace of Ovid. a PUNICA, IX. 45-71 and by these innocent lives, round whom the shadow of infernal night is now hovering, I implore you, Varro, go not to meet disaster. Until Heaven's wrath has passed away and the anger of Fortune is spent, be content, if our recruits learn to endure the name of Hannibal and cease to turn cold at sight of the enemy. See you not how the very sound of his approach drives the blood in a moment from their pale faces, how the swords drop from their hands before the trumpet sounds ? You think Fabius a sick man and a dawdler ; but every soldier whom he led to battle beneath the standards you blame is in the ranks to-day, whereas the troops of Flaminius <*— but may Heaven avert the evil omen ! Even if your heart is set against my warnings and entreaties, open your ears to the god. Long ago, in the time of our forefathers, the priestess of Cumae ^ foretold these things to mankind, and her foreknowledge proclaimed to the world you and your madness. Now I turn prophet too and tell you the future to your face in no riddling strain : if you move the standards to- morrow, you shall confirm by my death the prophecy of the Sibyl, Apollo's priestess, and this field shall no longer be famous because of Diomede ^ the Greek but because of you, the Roman consul." Thus Paulus spoke, and the tears sprang from his burning eyes. That night too was stained by a terrible crime committed in error. ^ Satricus, taken prisoner by Xanthippus,'' had endured slavery in the land of Libya, and had then been given to the king of the Autololes with other rewards conferred on him in recognition of his valour. This man was a native of Sulmo ^ and left two boys there at their mother's breast—Mancinus and one who bore the Trojan name 7 SILIUS ITALICUS origo nomine Rhoeteo Solimus ; nam Dardana et Phrygio genus a proavo, qui, sceptra secutus Aeneae, claram muris fundaverat urbem 76 ex sese dictam Solimon ; celebrata colonis mox I talis, paulatim attrito nomine, Sulmo.
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