Tri-Cities Community Profile 2014 Acknowledgements i Special Thanks Are Extended for their Support in Developing this Document: ii Jennifer Cleathero, Consultant Angelo Lam, Tri-Cities Middle Childhood Matters Section 1 Susan Foster, Ministry of Children and Family Development Lauren Goodwin, Fraser Health Authority Parneet Hara, Fraser Health Authority Wendy Harvey, YMCA Childcare Resource and Referral Program Lucie Honey-Ray, Consultant Andrea Hunter, School District #43 Valerie Lavallie, Step-By-Step Child Development Society Carol Lloyd, Step-By-Step Child Development Society Barb Mancell, Tri-Cities Literacy Committee Michelle Picard, Westcoast Family Centres Fraser Health Authority Human Early Learning Partnership, University of British Columbia Ministry of Children and Family Development School District #43 Tri-Cities Early Childhood Development Committee Tri-Cities Middle Childhood Matters Committee Section 2 United Way of the Lower Mainland YMCA Child Care Resource and Referral Program Section 3 Section 4 Geographical Area 04 Preface 05 Demographics 06 1.1 Population Growth 06 1.8 Home Language 11 1.2 Child Population 06 1.9 Aboriginal Population 12 1.3 Families 07 1.10 Median Family Income 13 1.4 Children Living At Home 07 1.11 Poverty 13 1.5 Foreign Born Population 08 1.12 Home Ownership and Affordability 14 1.6 Period of Immigration 09 1.13 Education 14 1.7 Immgrant Children 10 1.14 Mobility 15 Early Childhood Measures 16 2.1 Early Development Instrument 16 2.3 Heart Mind Index 24 2.2 Middle Development Instrument 18 Early Childhood Development 28 3.1 Child Care 28 3.4 Breastfeeding 29 3.2 Barriers to Access 28 3.5 Immunizations 29 3.3 Low Birth Rate 29 Appendix 30 4.1 Austin - Cape Horn 31 4.8 Hillcrest 38 4.2 Burquitlam 32 4.9 Inlet 39 4.3 Citadel Heights 33 4.10 Maillardville 40 4.4 Como Lake 34 4.11 Port Coquitlam North 41 4.5 Coquitlam River 35 4.12 Town Centre 42 4.6 Downtown Port Coquitlam 36 4.13 Westwood Plateau 43 4.7 Eagle Ridge 37 Geographical Area Map of Neighbourhoods 4 Tri-Cities Community Profile 2014 Preface Preface Tri-Cities is comprised of the municipalities of Coquitlam, Port Coquitlam, and Port Moody and the villages of Anmore and Belcarra. This profile sets out important information about children 12 years and under in these communities, based largely on demographic information from the 2011 Census and National Household Survey. Readers should be aware that compared to the 2006 Census, major changes occurred in the methodology of the 2011 Census. In 2006, a mandatory short questionnaire was completed by 80% of Canadian households, and an additional mandatory long questionnaire (which included the short form questions) was completed by the remaining 20% of the population. The 2011 Census had a single ten- item questionnaire that was completed by all households. This was followed by the voluntary National Household Survey, which was distributed to one third of Canadian households. The NHS estimates are derived from a voluntary survey and are therefore subject to potentially higher non-response error than those derived from the 2006 census long form. While larger communities were pretty much identical in 2006 and 2011, Statistics Canada says that for smaller areas “there can be large discrepancies between the 2011 census population count and NHS population estimate.” Demographic information is provided for each of the 13 EDI neighbourhoods in the appendix. Tri-Cities Community Profile 2014 5 Demographics A Profile of the Tri-Cities Why is this important? The early years of life are critical in influencing a range of health and social outcomes throughout Population Growth Across Tri-Cities the life course. Research shows that many 2006 2011 % Change challenges in adult society – competence in literacy and numeracy, mental health problems, Coquitlam 114,565 126,456 10.4 obesity, criminality – have their roots in early childhood. Port Coquitlam 52,687 56,342 6.9 Access to income, affordable housing, healthy Port Moody 27,512 32,975 19.9 food, education, early childhood development, and recreational opportunities influence our Anmore 1,785 2,092 17.2 ability to make healthy choices and ultimately the state of our physical and mental health as well as Belcarra 679 644 -4.7 life expectancy. In part, health inequities arise as Total Tri-Cities 197,225 218,509 10.8 the result of a concentration of risk factors within disadvantaged populations including the social Source: Statistics Canada, 2011 Census conditions in which people live and work. It is clear that what are commonly known as the “social 1.2 Child Population determinants” or “health inequities” must be addressed due to their significant impact on • In Metro Vancouver there were 138,063 (6%) health. (BC Healthy Living Alliance, Healthy Futures for children aged 0-5 years in 2011 and 166,440 BC Families, Policy Recommendations for Improving the (7.2%) aged 6-12 years. Health of British Columbians, September, 2009) • Youth 13-18 totalled 166,104 and accounted for 7.2% of the total population. • In 2011 an estimated 49,737 children and youth lived in the Tri-Cities area and made up 22.7% Population Growth of the total population. 1.1 • Of those 31,747 (14.5%) were children aged 12 Why is this important? years or under. Whereas population growth brings greater Distribution of Children and Youth Across Tri-Cities economic growth and job opportunities it also increases demand on existing infrastructure and 0-5 6-12 13-18 signals potential shifts in community needs with regard to demands for supports and services Coquitlam 7,832 (6.2%) 9,868 (7.8%) 10,336 (8.2%) related to the characteristics of the residents. Port Coquitlam 3,666 (6.5%) 4,680 (8.3%) 4,792 (8.5%) • There has been a growth of nearly 11% in the Tri-Cities as a whole from 2006-11, with the Port Moody 2,527 (7.7%) 2,766 (8.4%) 2,596 (7.9%) largest percentage increase in Port Moody. • The City of Coquitlam increased by almost Anmore 112 (5.4%) 233 (11.1%) 238 (11.4%) 12,000 people over the five years. Belcarra 25 (3.9%) 38 (5.9%) 28 (4.3%) Total Tri-Cities 14,162 17,585 (8.0%) 17,990 (8.2%) (6.5%) Source: Statistics Canada, 2011 Census (extrapolated data) 6 Tri-Cities Community Profile 2014 Demographics 1.3 Families Why is this important? Families by Type Across Tri-Cities The nature of a child’s family environment has a very strong effect on his/her cognitive and Total Couple Lone behavioural development, and on the prevalence Families Families* Parent Families of childhood vulnerability. The factors within this environment that have been shown to have an Coquitlam 35,880 30,335 5,545 impact on child development are parenting skills, the cohesiveness of the family unit, the Port Coquitlam 16,155 13,470 2,685 educational level and mental health of the mother, and the extent to which parents are Port Moody 9,605 8,275 1,335 actively engaged with their children. Anmore 595 545 45 • In Tri-Cities the majority of families consisted of two parents (85%). Belcarra 220 205 15 • The remaining 15% were lone parent families, Total Tri-Cities 62,455 52,830 9,625 that is, one in every seven families was headed * by a lone parent. Couple families includes married couples and common-law families • 80% of lone parents in Tri-Cities were headed Source: Statistics Canada, 2011 Census by women. 1.4 Children Living at Home Why is this important? For young children, nothing has greater influence on their development than their family. Families filter children’s experiences with others and provide nurture and care that strongly influences early child development. Families determine the quality of a young child’s world and shape the foundations for later development. • One third of all children living at home in Tri- Cities were in their middle years. • The highest proportion of young children at home was in Port Moody (24%). Number of Children by Age Groups Living at Home, Tri-Cities Total Children Living at Home Children at Home Under 6 Years Children at Home Aged 6-14 Coquitlam 41,985 7,680 18% 12,875 31% Port Coquitlam 18,710 3,625 19% 6,130 33% Port Moody 10,585 2,510 24% 3,565 34% Anmore 805 110 14% 305 38% Belcarra 145 30 21% 50 34% Total Tri-Cities 72,230 13,955 19% 22,925 32% Source: Statistics Canada, 2011 Census Tri-Cities Community Profile 2014 7 Demographics 1.5 Foreign Born Population Why is this important? Foreign Born Population, Tri-Cities Immigration enriches a community but it may also present challenges to immigrant families. Total Population % foreign born The growth of the foreign-born population ensures continued demand for immigrant Coquitlam 125,020 41.7% settlement services as well as the need for community services and supports to consider Port Coquitlam 55,780 29.4% cultural adaptation and home language. Port Moody 32,875 31.6% • More than 40% of all Coquitlam residents were Anmore 2,085 22.1% born in a country other than Canada. • A third of those living in Port Coquitlam were Belcarra 645 19.4% foreign born as were 29% of those in Port Moody. Total Tri-Cities 216,405 36.7% Source: Statistics Canada, 2011 Census 8 Tri-Cities Community Profile 2014 Demographics 1.6 Period of Immigration Why is this important? The stress of adjusting to a new country and • Immigrants to Coquitlam seem to be divided culture is a significant factor, particularly for equally into the three immigration periods those who lack family support or community ties.