Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics An Interactive Open Access Journal of the European Geosciences Union

www.atmospheric-chemistry-and-physics.net

Advisory Board Members Co-Editors Yafang Cheng Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, Paul J. Crutzen (Chairman) Ilse Aben Mainz, Germany Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, SRON Netherlands Institute for Space [email protected] Mainz, Germany Research, Utrecht, The Netherlands [email protected] [email protected] Patrick Chuang University of California, Santa Cruz, USA Meinrat O. Andreae Markus Ammann Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen, Switzerland Ronald Cohen Mainz, Germany [email protected] University of California, Berkeley, USA [email protected] [email protected] Yves Balkanski Guy P. Brasseur Laboratoire CEA-CNRS-UVSQ, LSCE/IPSL, John N. Crowley National Center for Atmospheric Research, Gif-sur-Yvette, France Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, Boulder, USA [email protected] Mainz, Germany [email protected] [email protected] Urs Baltensperger Daniel McKenna Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen, Switzerland Joachim Curtius National Center for Atmospheric Research, [email protected] Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University, Boulder, USA Frankfurt am Main, Germany [email protected] Carlo Barbante [email protected] University of Venice, Italy Stuart A. Penkett Daniel J. Cziczo University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK Thorsten Bartels-Rausch Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, [email protected] Paul Scherrer Institut, Villigen, Switzerland Richland, USA [email protected] Veerabdhadran Ramanathan Allan Bertram Scripps Inst. of Oceanography, La Jolla, USA University of British Columbia, Canada Martin Dameris [email protected] DLR Oberpfaffenhofen, Germany Timothy Bertram [email protected] University of California, San Diego, USA Executive Editors [email protected] Ashu Dastoor Science and Technology Branch, Ulrich Pöschl (Chief-Executive Editor) Wolfram Birmili Air Quality Research Division, Canada Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, Leibniz Institute for Tropospheric Research, Mainz, Germany Leipzig, Germany Frank Dentener [email protected] [email protected] European Commission, Ispra, Italy [email protected] Ken Carslaw Jan W. Bottenheim University of Leeds, UK Environment Canada, Toronto, Canada Neil M. Donahue [email protected] [email protected] Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, USA [email protected] Thomas Koop Jørgen Brandt Bielefeld University, Germany National Environmental Research Institute, Manvendra K. Dubey [email protected] Roskilde, Denmark Los Alamos National Laboratory, USA [email protected] [email protected] Rolf Sander Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, Stefan Buehler Bryan N. Duncan Mainz, Germany Lulea University of Technology, Kiruna, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, [email protected] Sweden Greenbelt, USA [email protected] [email protected] William Thomas Sturges University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK James B. Burkholder Timothy J. Dunkerton [email protected] NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory, NorthWest Research Associates, Boulder, USA Redmond, USA [email protected] Ralf Ebinghaus Tim Butler Institute for Coastal Research, Institute for Advanced Sustainability Geesthacht, Germany European Studies, Germany [email protected] Geosciences Chak K. Chan Andreas Engel Hong Kong University of Science and Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany Union Technology, Hong Kong [email protected] Quentin Errera Belgium Institute for Space Aeronomy, Belgium [email protected] Barbara Ervens Andreas Hofzumahaus William Lahoz University of Colorado, Boulder, USA Forschungszentrum Jülich, Germany Norwegian Institute for Air Research, [email protected] [email protected] Kjeller, Norway [email protected] Maria Cristina Facchini Rupert Holzinger National Research Council (CNR), Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Kari Lehtinen Bologna, Italy Research, Utrecht, The Netherlands Finnish Meteorological Institute and [email protected] University of Kuopio, Finland Graham Feingold [email protected] NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory, Corinna Hoose Boulder, USA Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Germany John Liggio [email protected] [email protected] Environment Canada, Toronto, Canada [email protected] Federico Fierli Patrick Jöckel National Research Council, Rome, Italy DLR Oberpfaffenhofen, Germany Xiaohong Liu [email protected] [email protected] Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, USA Qiang Fu Jan Kaiser [email protected] University of Washington, Seattle, USA University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK [email protected] [email protected] Franz-Josef Lübken Maria Kanakidou Leibniz Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Stefano Galmarini University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece Kühlungsborn, Germany Joint Research Centre, Ispra, Italy [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] Thomas Karl Jianzhong Ma Laurens Ganzeveld National Center for Atmospheric Research, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Wageningen University, Netherlands Boulder, USA Sciences, Beijing, China Timothy Garrett [email protected] [email protected] University of Utah, Salt Lake City, USA Veli-Matti Kerminen Rob MacKenzie [email protected] Finnish Meteorological Institute, University of Birmingham, UK Helsinki, Finland Alan Geer [email protected] Bernhard Mayer European Centre for Medium-Range Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Weather Forecasts, Reading, UK Frank Keutsch Munich, Germany [email protected] University of Wisconsin, Madison, USA [email protected] [email protected] Evangelos Gerasopoulos Gordon McFiggans National Observatory of Athens, Greece Astrid Kiendler-Scharr University of Manchester, UK [email protected] Forschungszentrum Jülich, Germany [email protected] [email protected] Christoph Gerbig Robert McLaren Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, Thomas Kirchstetter York University, Toronto, Canada Jena, Germany Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, USA Craig McNeil Stefania Gilardoni [email protected] University of Washington, Seattle, USA Institute of Atmospheric Sciences [email protected] and Climate, Italy Silvia Kloster Max Planck Institute for Meteorology, V. Faye McNeill Alex B. Guenther Hamburg, Germany Columbia University, New York, USA National Center for Atmospheric Research, [email protected] Boulder, USA Daniel Knopf [email protected] Stony Brook University, USA Nikolaos Mihalopoulos [email protected] University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece Martin Gysel [email protected] Paul Scherrer Institut, Villigen, Switzerland Monika Kopacz [email protected] NOAA Climate Program Office, Paul Monks Silver Spring, USA University of Leicester, UK Robert Harley [email protected] University of California, Berkeley, USA [email protected] [email protected] Radovan Krejci Jennifer G. Murphy Stockholm University, Sweden University of Toronto, Canada Neil Harris [email protected] University of Cambridge, UK [email protected] [email protected] Martina Krämer Ottmar Möhler Research Center Jülich, Germany Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe, Peter Haynes [email protected] Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany University of Cambridge, UK [email protected] [email protected] Markku Kulmala University of Helsinki, Finland Athanasios Nenes Martin Heimann [email protected] Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, USA Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, [email protected] Jena, Germany Ari Laaksonen [email protected] University of Eastern Finland, Mathias Palm Kuopio, Finland University of Bremen, Germany Ellie Highwood [email protected] University of Reading, UK [email protected] Markus Petters Michael Schulz Elisabetta Vignati North Carolina State University, Norwegian Meteorological Institute, Joint Research Centre – European Raleigh, USA Oslo, Norway Commission, Ispra, Italy [email protected] John H. Seinfeld Annele Virtanen Andreas Petzold California Institute of Technology, University of Eastern Finland, Finland Forschungszentrum Jülich, Germany Pasadena, USA [email protected] [email protected] Bernhard Vogel Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Tuukka Petäjä Drew Shindell Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany University of Helsinki, Finland NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies, [email protected] New York, USA Andrea Pozzer [email protected] Christiane Voigt Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt Mainz, Germany Chul Han Song (DLR), Wessling, Germany [email protected] Gwangju Institute of Science and [email protected] Technology, Republic of Korea Andre S. H. Prevot [email protected] Rainer Volkamer Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen, Switzerland University of Colorado, Boulder, USA [email protected] Dominick Spracklen [email protected] Institute for Atmospheric Science, Leeds, UK Alexander Pszenny Thomas von Clarmann University of New Hampshire, Durham, USA Bjorn Stevens Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Germany [email protected] Max-Planck-Institut für Meteorologie, [email protected] Hamburg, Germany Johannes Quaas [email protected] Thomas Wagner University of Leipzig, Germany Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, [email protected] Philip Stier Mainz, Germany University of Oxford, UK [email protected] Xavier Querol [email protected] Institute of Environmental Assessment and William Ward Water Research, Barcelona, Spain Gabriele Stiller University of New Brunswick, [email protected] Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Germany Fredericton, Canada [email protected] [email protected] Patricia Quinn NOAA, Seattle, USA Andreas Stohl Ernest Weingartner [email protected] Norwegian Institute for Air Research, Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen, Switzerland Kjeller, Norway [email protected] Claire Reeves [email protected] University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK Paul O. Wennberg [email protected] Hang Su California Institute of Technology, Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, Pasadena, USA Andreas Richter Mainz, Germany University of Bremen, Germany [email protected] Heini Wernli [email protected] ETH Zurich, Switzerland Joel Thornton [email protected] Nicole Riemer University of Washington, Seattle, USA University of Illinois at [email protected] Jason West Urbana-Champaign, USA University of North Carolina, [email protected] David Topping Chapel Hill, USA University of Manchester, UK [email protected] Ilona Riipinen [email protected] University of Helsinki, Finland Jonathan Williams Holger Tost Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, Janne Rinne Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany University of Helsinki, Finland Mainz, Germany [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] Fangqun Yu Greg Roberts Ivonne Trebs State University of New York at Albany, USA Scripps Institution of Oceanography, Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, [email protected] La Jolla, USA Mainz, Germany [email protected] [email protected]

Yinon Rudich Kostas Tsigaridis Weizmann Institute, Rehovot, Israel Columbia University and NASA GISS, [email protected] New York, USA Lynn M. Russell [email protected] Editorial Support UCSD, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, La Jolla, USA Michel Van Roozendael Natascha Töpfer Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy, Phone: +49-551-900339-40 Thomas Röckmann Brussels, Belgium [email protected] Utrecht University, The Netherlands [email protected] [email protected] Geraint Vaughan Publication Production Harald Saathoff University of Manchester, UK Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, [email protected] Nadine Deisel Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany Phone: +49-551-900339-50 [email protected] [email protected]