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Site R10/80 Whangaparaoa Peninsula: Final Excavation Report

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Site R10/80 Whangaparaoa Peninsula: Final Excavation Report Clough and Associates Monograph Series no. 4 SITE R10/80 In Fulfilment of NZHPT Authority No. 2006/73. WHANGAPARAOA Prepared for PENINSULA Gulf Harbour Corporation Ltd., 2008. Final Excavation Report by Simon Bickler (PhD) Rod Clough (PhD) Ken Phillips (MA Hons) Mica Plowman (MA Hons) Glen Farley (MA Hons) Andrew Dodd (MA) Barry Baquié (MA Hons) Clough & Associates Ltd [email protected] 321 Forest Hill Rd, Waiatarua, Auckland 0612 Telephone/Fax: (09) 814 1946 Mobile: 0274 850 059 www.clough.co.nz SITE R10/80 WHANGAPARAOA PENINSULA: FINAL EXCAVATION REPORT In Fulfilment of NZHPT Authority No. 2006/73 Prepared for Gulf Harbour Corporation Ltd By Simon Bickler (PhD) Rod Clough (PhD) Ken Phillips (MA Hons) Mica Plowman (MA Hons) Glen Farley (MA Hons) Andrew Dodd (MA) Barry Baquié (MA Hons) 2008 Clough & Associates Ltd. [email protected] 321 Forest Hill Rd, Waiatarua, Waitakere City AUCKLAND 0612 Telephone: (09) 814 1946 Mobile 0274 850 059 www.clough.co.nz TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction .............................................................................................................................. 1 Historical Background ............................................................................................................ 11 Excavation Results ..................................................................................................................... 18 Summary ................................................................................................................................ 18 Area A ................................................................................................................................... 21 Area B .................................................................................................................................... 22 Area C .................................................................................................................................... 23 Excavation Figures ................................................................................................................. 24 Artefacts................................................................................................................................. 40 Midden Analysis .................................................................................................................... 43 Chronology ............................................................................................................................ 48 Discussion and Conclusions ................................................................................................... 51 Bibliography .......................................................................................................................... 56 Acknowledgements ................................................................................................................ 57 Appendix 1: Feature List ........................................................................................................ 58 Appendix 2: Radiocarbon Dating Results ............................................................................... 62 Appendix 3: Updated Site Record Form ................................................................................. 66 LIST OF TABLES Table 1. R10/80 features recorded along eastern spur ................................................................... 3 Table 2. R10/80 features recorded in western section ................................................................... 5 Table 3. Fishbone analysed from samples ................................................................................... 43 Table 4. Species identified in midden samples (R10/80) ............................................................. 44 Table 5. Summary of species of charcoal from midden samples ................................................. 47 Table 6. Radiocarbon dates from R10/80 .................................................................................... 48 Clough & Associates Ltd. Page i R10/80 Whangaparaoa Peninsula LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1. Location of the site looking south towards Auckland .................................................... 2 Figure 2. Location of development property and recorded archaeological site R10/80 ................. 6 Figure 3. Plan of archaeological features and areas investigated (base map Bioresearches 1994, annotated in Clough & Dodd 2005) .............................................................................................. 7 Figure 4. Enlargement of Figure 3 showing archaeological features and test pit locations ............ 8 Figure 5. SO 892A, probably dated 1859 ................................................................................... 14 Figure 6. SO 892A, showing close up of the area where the property is located .......................... 15 Figure 7. Captain Ranulph Dacre................................................................................................ 17 Figure 8. Excavated areas of R10/80 .......................................................................................... 19 Figure 9. Google view showing excavated areas, looking across Gulf Harbour ........................... 19 Figure 10. Cracking in the clay ................................................................................................... 20 Figure 11. Feature 8, Area A1 in section .................................................................................... 20 Figure 12. Example of stratigraphy (Feature B2-58) ................................................................... 20 Figure 13. Panorama view of Area A ......................................................................................... 24 Figure 14. Plan of Area A1 ........................................................................................................ 25 Figure 15. Plan of Area A2 ........................................................................................................ 26 Figure 16. Feature 29, Area A1 ................................................................................................. 27 Figure 17. Plan of Areas B1 and B2 .......................................................................................... 28 Figure 18. S-N Profile of Area B ................................................................................................ 29 Figure 19. Close-up plan of Area B1 ......................................................................................... 30 Figure 20. Plan of Area B2 (west side) ...................................................................................... 31 Figure 21. Plan of Area B2 (east side) ....................................................................................... 32 Figure 22. Area B1 features with possible drains ........................................................................ 33 Figure 23. Plan view of possible drains in Area B1 .................................................................... 33 Figure 24. View of pit feature with drain, Area B1 ..................................................................... 33 Figure 25. Midden in section in Area B2 .................................................................................... 33 Figure 26. View of Area B2 looking north.................................................................................. 33 Figure 27. Plan and West Section of Feature B2/58 .................................................................... 34 Figure 28. Plan of Area C ........................................................................................................... 35 Figure 29. South-north profile of Area C .................................................................................... 36 Figure 30. Plan of Area C (west side) ........................................................................................ 36 Figure 31. Plan of Area C (east side) ......................................................................................... 37 Figure 32. View of Area C looking north ................................................................................... 38 Figure 33. View of possible drain (C-10) and other features in southwest corner of Area C ........ 38 Figure 34. Drain C-10 ................................................................................................................ 39 Figure 35. Area C, Feature 56, Pit .............................................................................................. 39 Figure 36. Obsidian flakes recovered from R10/80 ..................................................................... 42 Figure 37. Adze fragment from Area A1 .................................................................................... 42 Figure 38. Adze found in Area C ................................................................................................ 42 Figure 39. Stone net sinker from Area B..................................................................................... 42 Figure 40. Midden from Area C Feature 59 ................................................................................ 45 Figure 41. Graph of shellfish species MNI from different areas .................................................. 46 Figure 42. Proportion of shellfish habitats - all samples .............................................................. 46 Figure 43. Calibrated dates from R10/80 ..................................................................................
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