24850 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS July 21, 1972 and as amended, if amended, with a 30- stand it, the defense authorization bill out requesting a quorum call and dis­ minute limitation. will be the track one item. cussing it with him. St• I withdraw it. Upon the disposition of the amend­ Mr. ROBERT c. BYRD. The Senator On Monday, in all likelihood, an agree­ ment by Mr. CANNON, the distinguished is correct. ment can be reached, hopefully, on that senior Senator from Kentucky (Mr. Mr. GRIFFIN. Can the Senator give measure, and that could then be a sec­ CooPER) will propose an amendment on us any information now as to what could ond track item for Tuesday. which there is a 1-hour limitation, upon be the track two items, beginning Tues­ On Wednesday, I would hope that the the disposition of which the distinguished day? Senate could proceed to the maritime Senator from Mississippi (Mr. STENNIS) Mr. ROBERT C. BYRD. I thank the bill as a second track item; and I say will propos"1 an amendment upon which assistant Republican leader for this ques­ this after having discussed that bill with there is a 3-hour limitation. tion, because it reminded me that I had the distinguished Senator from New There is a limitation on any other forgotten to propose a unanimous-con­ Hampshire (Mr. COTTON), the distin­ amendment of 1 hour, and limitation on sent request on another bill which could guished Senator from Washington (Mr. amendment to amendments, amend­ very well be the second track item on MAGNUSON), the distinguished Senator ments in the second degree, debatable Tuesday. That would be S. 5, a bill to pro­ from .... Louisiana (Mr. LONG), and other motions, and appeals (Jf a half hour, with mote the public welfare. Senators. respect to each. There is a time limitation which I That is as far ahead as I can safely The time for debate on the bill itself would propose thereon, and it is as fol­ venture. I should say, however, that the is 1 hour, and the Senate will complete lows, the proposal having been cleared agriculture appropriation bill will also action on the bill at no later than 9 p.m. with the distinguished Senator from be ready for floor action by Thursday of Monday-hopefully earlier. Minnesota (Mr. MONDALE), the distin­ next week, and at some point it could Mr. President, from what I have stated, guished Senator from Wisconsin

EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS A HAVEN FOR WILDLIFE Service. The article, written by James P. A HAVEN FOR WILDLIFE Gorman, a watershed planning special­ (By James P. Gorman) ist, discusses the experiences in land Delaware, like most Eastern States, is HON. J. CALEB BOGGS conservation of Otis Smith, who has struggling to conserve its natural resources. OF DELAWARE made his land more productive for man Mushrooming land developments, with their and wildlife. . usual people and pollution problems, are IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES rapidly spreading south into the peninsula's Friday, July 21, 1972 As I believe this article should be of fertile lowland. Competition for land and its interest to all Members of Congress, I natural resource assets becomes fiercer Mr. BOGGS. Mr. President, I was ask unanimous consent that it be printed everyday. pleased to read an article concerning in the Extensions of Remarks. Holding the line against this encroaching Sussex County, Del., that appeared re­ There being no objection, the article megalopolis is the land's number one con­ cently in "Soil Conservation," the pub- was ordered to be printed in the RECORD, servationist, preservationist, ecologist-call lication of the USDA's Soil Conservation as follows: him what you will-the farmer or rural land- July 21, 1972 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 24851 owner who understands well the lasting along his drainage ditches were going to be term of Franklin D. Roosevelt, sought to win value of his natural resources. successful. one on his own. He put 31,000 railroad miles An outstanding example of this close Smith decided to stabilize all channel into a whistle-stop, underdog struggle farmer-natural resource association is Otis slopes and berms with the wichura. rose that against suave Thomas E. Dewey of New York. Smith. In the mid-1950's Smith decided to normally does not exceed a height of 2 feet. The odds makers and pollsters weren't giv­ go into the beef cattle business in his native He also decided to plant continuous plant­ ing Mr. Truman a whit of cha.nee. He was Sussex County, Delaware. His first step was ings of autumn olive and flowering crabapple an 8 to 1 underdog in the betting and George to find land that either was or could be along one of the ditchbanks. A roadway on Gallup and the American Institute of Public converted into pastureland. Suitable land the opposite bank was seeded to a. combina­ Opinion had Dewey leading is 31 states. The wasn't available, so Smith bought 800 acres tion of sericea lespedeza and weeping love­ Crosley Poll assured Dewey of at least 274 of woodland that had been in cropland grass. electoral votes, safely over the necessary 266, about 20 years before. He cleared 700 acres In the summer of 1971, state and federal and said that a total of 300 was not incon­ but left trees in a few selected spots to conservation experts evaluated the area. ceivable. "The Truman-Barkley ticket, on the provide shade for cattle. Their report indicated that the wichura rose other hand, with every possible consideration, During a. heavy rainy period in the late had stabilized slopes, berms, and other crit­ is unlikely to have more than 219," Crosley 1950's Smith found out why his land had ical areas to the point that no evidence of added. been allowed to revert to woodland. A large erosion could be found. These areas have not The Democratic National Committee hardly part was poorly drained and under water. needed maintenance in the 10 years since panicked at these pronouncements, but it He immediately got in touch with the Sus­ the original plantings were made. The rose undoubtedly recognized a prodigious task sex Soil Conservation District. The district, plantings also offered valuable wildlife food and banked on one of Mr. Truman's few po­ working with the Soil Conservation Service, a.net cover. The autumn olive, flowering crab­ litical strengths-his folksy pulling power. helped Smith with. his drainage problem. a.pples, and redosier dogwoods were covered An engagement in his home state promised SCS gave technical aid in preparing a drain­ with fruit. Sericea lespedeza had become the to afford an enthusiastic campaign climax. age plan that called for a minimum of chan­ dominant plant along roadways. Naitural st. Louis being the logical site. The commit­ nels to be constructed in conjunction with growth of pokeweed, sumac, cherry, pine, and tee opted for Kiel Auditorium on Oct. 29, an extensive land-grading program. cedar-all of high value to wildlife--were Friday night of the final weekend before the Following excavation, spoil leveling, and interspaced with the domestic plantings. Nov. 2 elections. grading, heavy rains again hit the area. There are many ironic twists of fate. Smith At the same time another battle brewed, Fresh, smooth channel slopes soon had nu­ started out to be a leader in the cattle indus­ this one flavored with the equally intriguing merous "blowouts." Heavy erosion, ca.used try but may well end up being a pioneer in politics of the wrestling world. The combat­ by surface water spilling over ditchbanks, wildlife conservation. ants: Sam Muchnick's St. Louis Wrestling filled channel bottoms with the highly erod­ Club and the rival Mississippi Valley Sports ible soil. Club, which was run by Martin Thesz and his The near hopeless problem didn't stop wrestler-son Lou. At stake: domination of Smith. He had the channels repaired and HARRY TRUMAN'S FINEST HOUR the coveted St. Louis market, a wrestling then constructed berms, having a maximum citadel since the days when Strangler Lewis height of 18 inches and 3: 1 back slopes, along and Joe Stecher had matched grips into the both sides of all the channels. The berms di­ HON. MELVIN PRICE wee hours of the morning at the old Coliseum verted surface runoff laterally with the chan­ OF ILLINOIS on Jefferson and Washington. The Muchnick nels to selected spots where drop structures and Thesz groups alternated Friday evenin g were constructed to ease the water into the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES shows as they grappled, figuratively, for the channel. Thursday, July 20, 1972 area mat dollar. As often happens, a drought followed the I The son C1f a Russian immdgrant, my uncle rainy period. Smith's pastureland became Mr. PRICE of Illinois. Mr. Speaker, all had graduated in 1924 from Central High parched. But a wet perimeter in the lower of us recall the famous 1948 election vic­ School, and following a brief stint with the third of the deep channels indicated that tory of Harry S Truman. Many of us, U.S. Postal SerVice, latched on as a sports­ they were still drawing moisture from the including myself, consider it to be Pres­ writer at the old st. Louis Times. After the subsoil. Smith and the SCS people set out ident Truman's finest hour. One of the collapse of the Times in 1932, the ex-reporter to solve this problem. most interesting sidelights of that great edited a newsletter for Tom Packs, the circus They installed water-control structures de­ and wrestling impresario. Just prior t.o World signed to hold water levels above the crit­ victory concerns my very good friend, Wa:r II and three years as an Army sergeant, ical moisture line. This equalizes the drain­ Sam Muchnick. he broke with Packs and started promoting age effect of the channels when they are Like Harry Truman, Sam Muchnick is on his own. not needed. Water in the ditch bottoms also a winner who is now recognized as the The Thesz family clearly held the advan­ solves a channel maintenance problem. It leading wrestling promoter in the West­ tage in the early going, but my Uncle Sam prevents undesirable vegetative growth that ern Hemisphere. The fact that his and had a way of winni.ng friends and influenc­ decreases the effectiveness of the ditches. The President Truman's paths crossed may ing people. During his sportswriting days, small water-control structures are located for example, he had once obtained an exclu­ so that nearly all channel bottoms are flooded be a matter of fate. Nonetheless I do not sive interview with boxing greait Jack when the top flash board is inserted. know of two more down-to-earth, decent Dempsey. The two drove off in Muchnlck's It was obvious to Smith and the SCS men human beings who made it the hard way rumble-seat Ford, leaVing behind competi­ that the channel berms and slopes were and never forget where they came from. tors who had much fancier cars. Now he going to require vegetative stabilization. Why Mr. Speaker, I would like to share with was using that skill to gain valuable con­ not do so in conjunction with establishing a my colleagues the article written by Irvin tacts. wildlife area along the channels, Smith Muchnick about his uncle Sam and "Why," Lou Thesz asked one day, "don't asked? Harry Truman. The real feature of this you move to Cincinnati? They're building a A test area was set up that included 2,000 new arena there. It's going to be a great linear feet of ditchbanks where various article is the fact that the writer is 17 place and it will be ideal for wrestling. I varieties and combinations of stabilization years old. This is only one of the many can swing it for you." and wildlife plantings were planted. The re­ fine articles he has written for the Globe­ "I like it here," replded one Sammy who maining berms and slopes were seeded to a Democrat and for national publications, wouldn't run. "Besides, by the end of the temporary vegetative cover of Kentucky-31 such as Sports Illustrated. It appeared in season you may pre'fer to move there your­ fescue. the July 1-2 edition of the St. Louis self." Next, all berms, slopes, and roadways were Globe-Democrat: Thus, the lines were well established fertllized with generous applications of going into the fall of '48. In the allocation of chicken manure. The wichura rose was HARRY TRUMAN' S FINE ST HOUR dates my uncle had drawn Oct. 29-the sprigged on the top third of the berm 18 (By Irvin Muchnick) same day on which Mr. Truman had hoped inches apart. Clusters or groups that con­ There is ample evidence to suggest that to close his campaign. sisted of a Japanese crabapple with autumn Sam Muchnick, the St. Louis wrestling pro­ Early in September the Democratic Na­ olive 15 feet on either side were planted on moter who also happens to be my uncle, is tional Committeeman from Missouri, the late the lower third of the berm. Each cluster was one of those American success stories. John J. Nangle, contacted Muchnick. 100 feet apart. In spots a redosier dogwood Through a combination of hard work and "Who am I to stand in the way of the was used in place of autumn olive. propitious circumstances, he managed to at­ President?" my uncle was supposed to have At selected areas on the ditchbanks and tain a position of stature that eluded the said. "Tell Mr. Truman he can have the au­ berms, reed canary-grass, crownvetch, weep­ average Willy Loman. And back before tele­ ditorium that night. I'll postpone my show ing lovegrass, and bicolor lespedeza were vision and wrestling became happy tag-team until Saturday." With less than an hour to planted. partners and business prospered to such an spare before some promotional material went By 1964, two things had happened. Otis ext ent, he helped elect a president of the to press, he inserted the change. Smith had converted his farm operwtion from United States. In a letter on White House sta,t.donary dated ca,ttle to field-crop farming, and it was evi­ It was 1948, the year fellow Missourian Sept. 10, Mr. Truman expressed his grat­ dent that many of the wildlife plantings Harry S Truman, after completing the final ltude. "Dear Sam," the president wrote. 24852 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS July 21, 1972 "John Nangle has Just informed me of your "Give 'em hell, Harry I" many ·shouted, re­ generosity with regard to the Auditorium peating his slogan. member the world's captive nations. In for Friday, October twenty-ninth. I can't tell "I'm giving it, I'm giving it I" he yelled a time when we are seeking to improve you how very much I appreciate your cour­ back. our relations with the Soviet Union and tesy in thts Jll,atter. I hope to see you that He lashed out vigorously at Dewey, the with the People's Republic of China, we evening. Sincerely yours, Harry Truman." Republicans in general, the hostile media. must not allow ourselves to forget the as­ The letter is now framed a.nd hangs He elicited cheers from the predominantly pirations for freedom and self-deter­ in the den .of Uncle Sam's two-story home pro-labor crowd-including a large assem­ mination of peoples and nations under in Olivette. He and his wife, Helen have blage of AFL Steamfitters-by reiterating his Soviet dominance, or absorbed into the three children, college students all. But our desire to see the repeal of the Taft-Hartley story isn't over yet. Act, which Congress had passed over his veto. Soviet Union. Albania, Byelorussia, Bul­ "A couple O'! days later," my uncle re­ Observed the Sunday New York Times: garia, Czechoslovakia, East Germany, calls, "John Nangle called aga.in. Mr. Tru­ "Mr. Truman was 1n a fighting mood as he Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, man was going to be 1n New York on the has never been in the campaign before." Poland, the Ukraine, and other peoples twenty-ninth. Also, he'd get greater rad.lo Uncle Sam probably would have agreed .•. were subjugated by force of arms and are exposure on a Saiturday nighrt. So I quickly if he had been there. It seems that he ar­ ruled with varying but substantial de­ agreed to move the wrestling card BACK to rived at Kiel too late and couldn't fight grees of repression. Many fled these FJ,ida.y." his way into the overflow crowd. As a result, homelands. Many would leave now, if He estimates the confusion cost him he never was able to see Mr. Truman, much $1,000, no small sum in his 1948 operation. less meet him, and had to be content with they could. Some manage to do so. But Even though the state political potentates . turning his collar to the cold and damp and many would return, if they could, to their offered a reciprocal favor, Uncle 8a.m says listening over loudspeaker hookups by the free and independent homelands. he never cashed in on the promise. But he 14th and 15th Street entrances. The winds of change afoot through­ did receive some helpful publicity. The rest of the stuff is history. Dewey De­ out the world are not absent in the So­ "I'm an admirer and supporter of Harry feats Truman, trumpeted that eggfaced viet Union and Eastern Europe. Dissent Truman anyway, and anythlng I ca.n do to Chica.go Tribune bannerline, but when all against political repression, if anything, he1p elect him will be a ple&.Sure," he told the precincts were in, Harry had actually appears to be on the increase and even the St. Louis Labor Tribune. breezed to the political upset of the century. The Stair-Times quoted him as say­ He captured 28 states and 303. electoral generations which have grown up un­ ing, "I'm neutral when it comes to poliJ.tics, votes-yes, better than 300 was possible-to der Communist rule have produced their but when the Presidenit of the United States Dewey's 16 and 189, with Dixiecrat candidate share of dissidents. asks me to do him a favor, I'll never re­ Strom Thurmond scooping up four southern In reflecting o~ Captive Nations fuse. And just to show I'm not taking sides, states. The popular-vote margin was Week, and the people of these nations, I'd give up my Oct. 29 date for Tom Dewey 2,136,525. we must focus on their aspirations for 1! he should want to use the auditorium." Blaming complacency, Republicans kicked freedom and self-determination, for The subject of this frenetic game of musi­ themselves. Pollsters groped for apologia-ex­ these are the ideals upon which our own cal dates had other matters on his mind. By planation. "Mr. Truman," a Gallup spokes­ Oct. 30 Mr. Truman was coming off an un­ man concluded, "staged a strong upsurge in Nation is founded. impressive two-day stay in New York City the closing days of the campaign." Many a An enlightened diplomacy by the and was happy to be headed for friendly head-scratching analyst cited the St. LoUJis United States should be followed to work territory. Thursday's Madison Square Gar­ speech as the turning point. for and encourage increasing autonomy den appearance had gone well enough, but in That brings us back to my father's Demo­ for the captive nations, and relaxation Brooklyn on Friday, said the correspondents, cratic brother. He too won the match after of internal repression. Harry had been a bit sluggish. drop,ping the first fall. During this week of commemoration Aides sent forth the word that handshakes F1or the Friday card he added a gimmick that night would be out of the question; the whereby kids from nine to 14, dressed in for captive nations, let us rededicate clasping throngs of 36 states had left him Halloween garb, were admitted free. Two pop­ ourselves to the ideals of freedom and with a tender case of Campaigner's Fingers. ular St. Louis Hill natives and major league the self-determination of nations, and Speechwriters were busy altering, refining, catchers-Yogi Berra of the Yankees to all persons and nations working to­ juxtaposing fiery phrases; they applied a last and Joe Garagiola of the Cardinals--6erved gether to achieve these goals. spray of rhetoric scant minutes before the as judges 1n an intermission costume contest. train carrying the presidential entourage ar­ ( A decade later Garaglola would become the rived in St. Louis. first ringside voice of "Wrestling at the Meanwhile, a tired Truman was looking Chase" before moving on to New York and ARAB DIPLOMACY-FIRST SOVIET forward to a couple of quiet days in Inde­ the "Today" show.) DEFEAT pendence, followed by a Florida vacation he Nevertheless, only 4,621 fans showed up to and Bess were planning regardless of the watch Orville Brown defeat Frankie Tala­ election returns. ber. The next week Thesz and Son an­ HON. JOHN R. RARICK If the President needed inspiration, he nounced 10,102 for Lou's match against certainly got it from a rousing reception at Wild Blll Longson. OF LO'OISIANA Union Station, where close to 10,000 people However, Sam refused to sa.y "uncle" and IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES were lined six deep. Another 50,000 braved soon gained the leverage. His turnstile pulse Thursday, July 20, 1972 nasty wet weather and jammed the Market coincidentally quickened with Mr. Truman's Street sidewalks along the flve-b'lock drive election. There were 5,237 on Nov. 11; 9,176 Mr. RARICK. Mr. Speaker, the action to the auditorium, while 21 aerial bombs sa­ on Nov. 26i 7,593 on Dec. 10; and 10,110 on taken by the government of Egypt in re­ luted him from Aloe Plaza. Finally, when he Jan. 7, 1949. He had his first sellout on Feb. 4, asserting their freedom and independ­ entered the Kiel Convention Hall several as 10,651 saw Buddy Rogers take the measure ence from the military domination of the minutes late, and the band broke into "Hall of Don Eagle. Soviet Union should not come as a sur­ to the Chief," an estimated 13,000 loyalists Under the submission hold of compara­ produced a stentorian roar. Gorgeous George tively sagging attendance, the Mississippi prise to any informed American. For the never heard one any louder. Valley Sports Club conceded and sold out to most part the Communist Party is uni­ "Cowbells and a siren, which had sounded the St. Louis Wrestling Club. formly banned throughout the Arab mechanical when Forrest Smith, the Demo­ By determination and defiance of the world and the Arab leaders had been de­ cratic nominee for Governor, addressed the odds-by the Harry S Truman method­ livered to the Communist world in or­ packed house, took on the air of the real Uncle Sam had become the undisputed head der to seek armaments to counteract the thing when the President stood in front of of local grunting and groaning. "The Sched­ armaments being provided their Middle the microphones," wrote Paul W. Tredway, uling of the President 1948" had a happy East antagonist by the United States. then a reporter and now Sunday editor of ending. The Globe-Democrat. It must have become obvious even to "He did not give the impression of a man the Arabs that the Soviet Union was who thinks he is licked. Unless he can act as using the Arab people as a pawn to trade well as he can play the piano, Mr. Truman CAPTIVE NATIONS WEEK off for power agreements with our gov­ was not fooling." ernment. Under such agreements, the Scanning the faithful during the four-min­ HON. RICHARD S. SCHWEIKER Soviets were merely using the Arabs ute ovation, the president dramatically dis­ while in reality blocking them in any carded the script over which his subordi­ OF PENNSYLVANIA nates had toiled and, as they say, proceeded IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES Middle East military endeavor. Over all, the Arab action is consistent to deliver from the heart. Although at best Friday, July 21, 1972 only a medicore speaker, he put it all to­ with that being taken by smaller nations gether in his 271st and fl.nest campaign-trail Mr. SCHWEIKER. Mr. President, the world over following the efforts of address. during this week in particular we re- our country to create a new world leader- July 21, 1972 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 24853 ship of three super powers; that is, the Our sons in the armed forces wlll replace it. There was talk that some key Soviet weap­ Soviet Union, Red China, and the United them in everything they did. ons instructors would remain in Egypt even States. "-The milltary installations and equip­ after the departure of the bulk of Russian In my remarks of April 19, ''Abandon­ ment which were established on Egyptian soil troops. after the June 1967 war are considered the With secrecy shrouding all military move­ ment of Non-Communist Allies Under the private property of Egypt and are under the ments, it was difficult to ascertain how many Foreign Polley of the American Revolu­ operation of our armed forces. Russians have left Egypt so far. Diplomatic tion," page 13852, and my remarks of "-A call within the framework of the sources knew of only three planeloads of Rus­ May 23, "United States Courts Commu­ Egyptian-Soviet friendship treaty for an sians departing yesterday, with others get­ nists While Losing Real Superpower," Egyptian-Soviet meeting at a level to be ting ready to move by ship. All Egyptian page 18610, I had documented the retali­ agreed upon later to hold consultations con­ sources limited themselves to laconic refer­ ation of our former U.S. friends and al­ cerning the coming stage." ences to Sadat's Tuesday speech in which he lies against our new "soft on commu­ CUTS VISIT SHORT asked the Russians to leave. nism" foreign policy. And, now we find Official sources said Sadat's demand for Cairo itself felt no dramatic or visible the termination of the Soviet mllltary mis­ change after Sadat's announcement. The even the Arab leaders awakening to the Russians have never been conspicuous in the realization that they have been had. I sion and withdrawal of the experts and ad­ visers was conveyed to the Kremlin leaders capital, being billeted mainly in desert bases. ask that related newspaper clippings by Premier Aziz Sidky last week. However, a number of Soviet famllies Uving follow. Sidky flew to Moscow last Thursday for ma.inly in the Zamalek suburb were reported [From the Baton Rouge (La.) Morning what was scheduled to be a three-day visit. gone or preparin'g to leave. Advocate, July 19, 1972) But he returned to Cairo on Saturday, after Communist sources stressed the bitter­ ness of the Soviet Union at Sadat's announce­ RUSSIAN MILITARY MEN ORDERED 0uT OF only one day of talks with Soviet Communist party leader Leonid I. Brezhnev and Soviet ment, pointing out that "there were other EGYPT ways" of handling the breakdown in Soviet­ CAmo.-Presldent Anwar Sadat, who signed Premier Alexei N. Kosygin. Cairo sources said Sidky had demanded Egyptlan: mlltiary cooperation. a 15-year treaty of friendship and coopera­ The Russians appear to feel, according to tion with Moscow last year, anounced Tues­ the withdrawal of the Soviet advisers during his talks with Kremlin leaders. these sources, that the Egyptian government day he has ordered Soviet military advisers purposely sought to give the operation inter­ and experts withdrawn, the semi-official COMMITTEE SUMMONED national dimensions. Middle East News Agency reported. Political observers in Beirut and elsewhere Yet observers in the Egyptian capital felt Sadat said the action was part of a series described Sadat's action as the worst blow the government was doing everything to pre­ of moves aiming at a new stage in Egyptian­ to the Soviet Union since it moved into the vent the move from deteriorating into an Soviet relations. Arab world in a big way with the conclusion anti-Soviet campaign. Sadat himself stressed In a 90-minute speech before the Central of an arms-for-cotton deal with the late that the basic principles of Soviet-Egyptian Committee of the Arab Socialist Union President Gama! Abdel Nasser in 1955. friendship will remain intact. (ASU), Sadat said the main aim of Egyptian There were unconfirmed reports that Sadat It was clear that the details of the new foreign policy had been to achieve the best was unhappy about Moscow's reported re­ relations are yet to be worked out, and that possible relations with the Soviet Union. fusal to provide more offensive weapons to some form of compromise was more than "This was a basic mistake in our policy," carry out his repeated pledge to recapture 11kely. Sadat said, ''because our main enemy ls occupied Arab territory from Israel. It was also obvious that the whole intri­ Israel ... (Sources in Beirut said abou"; 200 Soviet cate relationship between Egypt and the So­ Sadat, however, had high praise for the pilots were based in Egypt, which recently viet Union was undergoing a sweeping Soviet Union which he said "stood with us in reported receiving the MIG23, the newest change with the possib111ty of far-reaching all fields, political, economic and military." and most powerful in the Soviet arsenal.) repercussions. But he said Egypt now had to revise its The semiofficial newspaper Al Ahra.m de­ While most Egyptians appeared to express pollcies. scribed the situation as an "emergency" and satisfaction at Sadat's move, reaction from The Middle East News Agency said the said the committee was summoned to dis­ other Arab countries was mixed. committee voted unanimously to support cuss "one of the most important and serious With most governments remaining silent, Sadat in his decisions. subjects it has ever debated." Al Akhbar, an­ the Arab press from Kuwait to Casablanca The agency said Sadat announced that other influential newspaper, said the "deci­ gave vent to speculation and question marks. military installations and equipment in­ sive resolutions are linked with the mlll­ There was an underlying fear that by cut­ stalled by the Soviets was Egyptian property tary situation and our international rela- ting itself off from Soviet military aid, Egypt and would be operated henceforth by the tions." • would risk undermining its milltary posture. Egyptian armed forces. The Egyptians were known to have been In Beirut the Al Nahar daily bluntly sug­ Sadat made his announcement before the pressing Moscow for more sophisticated of­ gested that the Arabs would be naked in the Central Committee of the Arab Socialist fensive weapons. Sadat himself made two face of the Israeli enemy without a viable Union (ASU) , Egypt's highest political body, visits earlier this year to the Soviet capital. substitute for Soviet military presence. the agency said. But reports said Moscow had urged restraint Sadat has asked the Russians for high­ An estimated 20,000 Soviet military ad­ and that no major move to break the no-war level talks to define a new relationship. As visers and technicians have been helping to no-peace deadlock in the Middle East could far as it could be ascertained here, the Rus­ man Egypt's missile and air defensive system be expected until at least after the U.S. presi­ sians were prepared for concessions in order against Israel. dential elections in November. to safeguard their huge mmtary investment Sadat said that consultations are going on here, variously estimated at between $3 bil­ to decide the style of cooperation which wlll [From the Evening Star and Daily News, lion and $5 blllion. be most effective in the future. July 20, 1972] As one Communist official in Cairo put it, EXODUS BEGINS EGYPT TIGHTENS GRIP ON RUSSIAN BASES "The Russians are in a difficult position. They Sadat said termination of the Soviet mlll­ (By Andrew Borowiec) cannot simply dismiss Egypt. The stakes are tary mission was at Egypt's request and was too high." CAIRo.-The Egyptian army was reported This diplomat suggested that so far Soviet effective as of Monday, July 17. today in' full control of all milltary installa­ "Our sons in the armed forces will replace tions after President Anwar Sadat's decision dividends after years of efforts in the Arab them in everything they did," Sadat said. to expel Soviet military advisers from the world have been extremely 11mlted. "The Official Cairo sources said the evacuation Communist party is uniformly banned country. throughout the Arab world and popular sym­ has already begun and the Soviet advisers Arab sources said the takeover of Soviet­ pathy for Russia is nil," he added. and experts were expected to be out of the operated bases was swift and smooth. There has been no official comment from country "in a relatively brief period." Defense Minister Gen. Mohammed Ahmed the governments of Iraq, Syria and Libya, The news agency quoted Sadat as telling Sadek personally reported to the president among governments who benefit from mas­ the Central Committee during the two and that all weapons were not in Egyptian hands. sive Soviet military aid. The Arab world ls one-half hour meeting in Cairo earlier in It could n:ot be immediately determined clearly waiting for the situation to crystalize. the day: · whether this included sophisticated missile sites and supersonic bombers hitherto The Egyptians themselves appeared baffled "After studying the position from all its manned by Russian crews. by the consequences. There was no sign of angles and with full appreciation of the However, there were reports that the Soviet any unrest and the army-the best organized huge Soviet aid to us and concern for Soviet Union was prepared to renegotiate its mm­ and most disciplined force in the country­ friendship, I found it appropriate at the out­ tary relationship with Egypt in order to appeared solidly behind the government. set of a new stage of that friendship to take maintain its toehold in this vital Middle The first concrete indication of further these decisions: East nation. course of action would most likely come on "~A decision to end, with effect from East European' diplomats said Russia was Monday when President Sadat addresses the July 17, the mission of the Soviet mllita.ry taken aback by Sadat's abrupt decision but Congress of the Arab Socialist Union, the advisers and experts who came at our request. was not losing hope of finding a way around country's ruling party. 24854 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS July 21, 1972 [From the Evening Star and Dally News, sas City. The Order of Ahepa has also ous than they need be because schoolbuses July 20, 1972] been active in the field of cancer research a.re extremely shoddily built vehicles. In fact, schoolbuses are probably the unsafest vehi­ SoVIETS EXPLAIN CAmO PULLOUT through its support of the Dr. George cles on the road. Passenger ca.rs are gen­ Moscow.-The Soviet government says the Papanicolaou Cancer Research Institute. erally better constructed, intra and inter milit ary personnel it sent to Egypt have done Worthy of special praise is the order's ci·ty buses are often better constructed than their job and now they're coming home. work in the field of education; the order schoolbuses. There is no question that far The statement by the government news has awarded scholarships to worthy stu­ more has been done to assure the construc­ agency Tass last night was the first disclosure dents for over 40 years. Each year it rec­ tion of safe cars than has been done to assure to the Soviet people of something President ognizes outstanding high school grad­ the construction of safe schoolbuses, which Anwar Sadat of Egypt announced 24 hours transport the nation's children. There is little earlier. But while Sadat said he had told uates with its award of the seven-volume excuse for DOT's apathy and, even antipathy, Moscow to get the Soviet military advisers "Greek Classics" set. to requiring the construction of reasonably out of Egypt because the Kremlin hadn't Mr. President, I would like to com­ safe schoolbuses. given him. more advanced offensive weapons mend the Order of Ahepa for its con­ The identical bills Senator Nelson and I to use against Israel, the Soviet statement siderable achievement over the past 50 have introduced in Congress (S. 2582, H.R. gave no hint of this. years and wish it continued success in 11160) would require the accomplishment of Tass said a "number of Soviet military per­ the 50 years to come. I have no doubts four very basic and very long overdue goals. sonnel" had been in Egypt at the request of concerning this future success, for I am First, our legislation would require the DOT the Cairo government, and they have finished to promulgate schoolbus standards in at least teaching the Egyptians how to "master So­ well aware of the high caliber of its ten specific areas: emergency exits, interior viet military equipment." members. In my own State, there are protection for occupants (including restraint "Now the Soviet Inllitary personnel in the men like John M. Sitaras and James systems), floor strength, seat anchorages, Arab Republic of Egypt have completed their Micheals, the president and vice presi­ crash worthiness of body and frame, vehicle funct ions," the news agency said. "With the dent of the Wilmington chapter. They operating systeins, windows and windshields, awareness of this, after an exchange of opin­ are assisted in their work by Mr. Thomas fuel systeins, exhaust system, and flammabil­ ions, the sides deemed it expedient to bring G. Magiros, recording secretary; Mr. ity of interior materials. back to the Soviet Union the military per­ William H. Athan, executive secretary; Why is this section of the bill necessary? sonnel that had been sent to the Arab Re­ Because DOT has steadfastly refused to pro­ public of Egypt for a limited period." and Mr. Tom Karras, treasurer. Also mulgate effective and comprehensive stand­ "These personnel will shortly return to the worthy of notice is Mr. Peter Andrian­ ards for the construction of schoolbuses, U.S.S.R." poulos of Wilmington, who is the treas­ even though they presently have the author­ Tass said the advisers had been on tem­ urer of the district lodge. With members ity to do so. Yet, while the DOT has been porary assignments "in accordance with the like these, I feel certain that the Or­ unable to come up with meaningful school­ requests of the leadership of the Arab Re­ der of Ahepa will continue in its most bus construction standards, the Vehicle public of Egypt for help in ensuring its de­ worthy efforts for a long time to come. Equipment Safety Commission-an inter­ fense potential in the face of Israeli aggres­ state compact to which forty-six states be­ sion." long-has come up with a generally excellent It said these relations will be based on the set of standards which have already been 15-year friendship treaty signed last year, adopted by a couple of states. (VESC-6 mini­ and the "joint struggle for the liquidation of SCHOOLBUS SAFETY BEFORE THE mum requirements for schoolbus construc­ the consequences of the Israeli aggression SENATE COMMERCE COMMITTEE tion and equipment) The VESC standards have been hailed by many experts as a giant Like Sadat's announcement, the Soviet step forward in building safer schoolbuses. statement gave no indication of the number HON. LES ASPIN One schoolbus company, Ward Schoolbus of Russian personnel leaving Egypt or of the , OF WISCONSIN Manufacturing, Inc., was so enthusiastic number which will remain. Sources in Cairo IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES a.bout the VESC standards that it constructed estim.ated that 10,000 to 20,000 military ad­ a prototype schoolbus which conformed to visers would go, but nearly as many civilian Thursday, July 20, 1972 the VESC standards. The ward prototype advisers and experts would remain. schoolbus is clearly far more advanced ln In Beirut, a key observation post for the Mr. ASPIN. Mr. Speaker, I would like to include in the RECORD today a state­ terms of safety than schoolbuses presently Arab world, Sadat's expulsion of the Russians on the road. As you know, the number and was generally regarded as a blow to Soviet m~nt I gave before the Senate Commerce quality of rivets used in a schoolbus body prestige. Committee on Wednesday concerning the is one of the most important factors in de­ At the United Nations, the most common need for new schoolbus safety legislation. termining the safety quality of the school bus. reaction was that Sadat's action gave the As you know, 80 Members of the House The Ward prototype schoolbus has more than United States a big cha.nee to regain lost in­ have cosponsored H.R. 11160, which five times the total rivets as the average fluence in Egypt. Some diploma.ts predicted a would require the first comprehensive set schoolbus presently in use. The Ward bus joint reduction of U.S. arms shipments to of schoolbus construction standards ever. also has about half as many structural panels lsrael and Soviet arms shipments to Egypt. as the average schoolbus. By reducing the The time for legislation of this kind is I number of structural panels, and by over­ believe, long overdue. I hope those of ~Y lapping them, as the Ward Company has colleagues interested in the other school­ done, the possibility of the bus becoming a ORDER OF AHEPA bus issue----schoolbus safety-will be in­ "cookie-cutter" when it is involved in an terested in my statement before the Sen­ accident and causing severe lacerations to ate Commerce Committee which follows: the children on the bus, is greatly reduced. HON. J. CALEB BOGGS The Ward schoolbus is also superior to pres­ STATEMENT BEFORE THE SENATE COMMERCE OF DELAWARE ent schoolbuses in many other respects. COMMITTEE ON SCHOOLBUS SAFETY, JULY The Ward Company's efforts to build a bet­ lN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES 20, 1972 ter schoolbus are particularly important be­ Friday, July 21, 1972 (By Les Aspin) cause they convincingly demonstrate that Mr. Chairman, thank you for the opportu­ safer schoolbuses a.re quite practicable. The Mr. BOGGS. Mr. President, next nity to appear before the Committee today company estimates that the added cost to the Wednesday marks the 50th anniversary concerning the issue of schoolbus safety and consumer of these improvements would be of the Order of Ahepa, the American the legislation Senator Nelson and I have a rather negligible $390 per bus. For a $10,000 Hellenic Educational Progressive As­ introduced in Congress. bus, this is certainly not too much when sociation. This eminent organization is When asked about schoolbus safety, prob­ one considers the extra safety it would pro­ celebrating its 50th year of national and ably the first thing that the Department of vide for the children. Transportation will point out is thait school­ The second thing our legislation would do international service. buses a.re one of the safest form of transpor­ is require DOT to build at least one experi­ On the international scale, the Order tation. This is true. There are only .05 fatal­ mental prototype bus within three years of of Ahepa. has proved its merits by such ities per 100 million passenger miles of the bill's enactment. Considering the rela­ activities as relief work for victims of schoolbus travel compared to 2.1 deaths for tively low cost of building such a prototype natural disasters in Turkey, Greece, Ec­ auto travel. The reasons for this low fatality schoolbus, it is somewhat curious that DOT rate however a.re fairly simple: schoolbuses has not already agreed to do so. Certainly, uador, and Corinth. Its work in health generally move at slow speeds, other drivers building a prototype is not a new concept to programs in Greece has been particu­ usually become cautious when they see a DOT. It has provided funds to build such larly outstanding. schoolbus, and schoolbus drivers are usually prototypes as: electric power buses, steam The order's work in America has been good, cautious drivers. power buses, experimental safety ca.rs, track equally meretricious. It has come to the But while there may be relatively few ac­ air cushion vehicles (trains), turbo trains, aid of hurricane victims in Florida and cidents with schoolbuses, it is also true that the Bay Area Rapid Transit System in the of flood victims in Mississippi and Kan- the acciden:ts which do occur are more seri- San Francisco-Oakland area, and Coast July 21, 1972 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 24855 Guard ice-cutters. Possibly, building a pro­ untimely passing of a dear friend and a.re usually popular and useful. However, I totype safety schoolbus is simply too mun­ able public servant, Dr. William T. try always to measure my decisions aga.illSlt dane a. project for DOT. Pecora. the test: "Is it really necessary?" I also understand that the Senate Com­ The War in Indochina, which has fueled merce Committee is considering authorizing As Under Secretary of the Department the inftationary fires, is still costing the na­ $1 million for the purpose of schoolbus of Interior, as Director of the Geological tion $7 billion a year. crash worthiness tests. I strongly support Survey, and throughout his career in I have voted consistently to seek an early such a proposal with or without acceptance Government, Bill combined the talents end to this unfortunate and costly military by the Committee of our legislation. I believe of an inquiring and knowledgeable scien­ adventure which has been so terribly waste­ the crash worthiness tests, however, would tist with a sensitivity to peoples' needs, ful of human life. The most recent vote came be far more beneficial if they were pa.rt of a not only with respect to the physical en­ on June 27th, when I joined 151 of my col­ larger plan including the construction by to leagues in supporting a September 1, 1972, DOT of a prototype schoolbus. vironment, but man's whole quality of cutoff of funds for the war, provided our A third provision in our legislation would life. prisoners are released and our missing men require that each manufacturer and distrib­ His sense of personal and professional accounted for. utor of schoolbuses test drive each bus indi­ integrity, his selfless dedication and Also in the area of Defense Department vidually to insure that it is working properly commitment to the public interest were spending, I voted in June to trim the mili­ and is in conformance with all applicable hallmarks of his career. It was these tary procurement authorization by more safety standards. At present, schoolbuses qualities which marked his public serv­ than $800 million. I voted to reduce spend­ often get assembled at two or more different ice and won for him the respect and ad­ ing for development of the B-1 bomber and factories and no one is really responsible for the Safeguard ABM system (including the the final product, which ls not adequately miration of his colleagues, the scientific dubious plan to deploy an ABM system tested, if it is tested at all. If anyone believes comm11nity, and Republican and Demo­ around Washington, D.C.). The floor debates that thorough testing of schoolbuses is not cratic administrations alike. More than indicated clearly that elimination of these important, I would refer him to an article by they shall ever know, the people of this projects would not appreciably affect na­ Coleman McCarthy entitled "The Faulty Nation owe him a debt of gratitude. tional security. Schoolbuses" which appeared in the March Those of us who knew Bill and knew of My concern a.bout unmet domestic needs­ 11, 1972 issue of the Saturday Review. In this his contributions mourn for him-for further jeopardized by the Administration's excellent article about one schoolbus oper­ our own loss and for the loss, which most budgetary deflcits--convinced me that it ator's frustrations with poorly constructed would be wise to reduce our support of sev­ schoolbuses, Mr. McCarthy details: "clutches of all, his family feels and bears. To them eral international agencies, including the burning out ... wheels wobbling ... tires I wish to express my deep, immeasurable Inter-American Development Bank, the Asian leaking . . . bolts falling out of motor sorrow. Development Bank and the International De­ mounts . . . power steering falling . . . ac­ velopment Association. celerator springs snapping-a. waking night­ I opposed some questionable spending pro­ mare. With the Chairman's permission I THE THffiD 6-MONTHS: A LEGISLA­ posals on the domestic scene, as well. These would like to include this important article included the Transpo '72 Exposition held this in the Committee's hearings record. TIVE RECORD, JANUARY-JULY spring a.t Dulles International Airport ($2 A fourth provision in the legisla.tion would 1972 million) and the proposed construction of require that DOT investigate and publicly a new west front for the United States Cap­ release a report of ea.ch schoolbus accident itol ( $60 million) . Proper respect for our na­ which results in a death. One important pur­ HON. ROMANO L. MAZZOLI tion's heritage can best be shown, in my pooe of this provision is to obtain data from OF KENTUCKY opinion, by repair and rehabilitation of the schoolbus accidents useful in determining IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES existing west front--the last original exte­ the structural weaknesses of schoolbuses so rior surface of this historic structure. that safer schoolbuses can be designed and Thursday, July 20, 1972 I also voted a.gainst funds for the Com­ built. While it does appear that DOT is now Mr. MAZZOLI. Mr. Speaker, in keep­ mission to plan for the American Bicen­ doing a better job of investigating schoolbus ing with my policy of providing detailed tennial celebrations. I think we should cele­ accidents than in the past, this provision brate our beloved nation's 200th birthday, would set a reasonable minimum standard information to my constituents in the not by a lavish expenditure of funds, but by for DOT investigations of schoolbus Third District of Kentucky, I am insert­ thoughtful and fitting ceremonies such as accidents. ing in the RECORD the following summary the traditional reading of Washington's In summary, this schoolbus safety bill ls of my legislative activities during the Farewell Address in Congress to mark the an­ very moderate and long overdue legislation. first 6 months of the second session of niversary of our first President's birth. On The House bill has been cosponsored by 80 the 92d Congress: February 21, 1972, I enjoyed the great honor Congressmen. It has been endorsed by a wide THE THmD 6-MONTHS: A LEGISLATIVE RECORD, of reading this moving Address in the his­ number of groups, including: the National JANUARY-JULY 1972 toric House Chamber. It was one of the most Education Association, the American Asso­ memorable experiences of my life. ciation of School Administrators, Physicians 1. FISCAL RESPONSIBILITY Other attempts on my part to put a brake for Automotive Safety, Citizens for a safer The Administration's projected budget on government spending include: Schoolbus, the Vehicle Equipment Safety deficits for the 1972 and 1973 fiscal years-­ Co-sponsorship of a federal severance tax Commission, the National Safety Council, possibly a record-shattering $57 billion-are bill, to give all states an incentive to levy the Ward Schoolbus Manufacturing, Inc., feeding the fires of inflation, not dampening a tax of up to 5 percent on extracted min­ and the Prince Georges County Public them. eral resources. Where state taxes are not im­ Schools. Accordingly, I have tried to be responsible posed, the federal government would collect Coleman McCarthy, in another article and realistic in my approach to matters af­ such a levy. In either event, governmental called "The Other Busing Problem", which fecting the budget. In seeking to lower the revenues would be increased. recently appeared on the editorial page of deficit, I have moved on two fronts: (1) spon­ Support of legislation to create a Congres­ the Washington Post, probably put it best: soring legislation to increase federal reve­ sional Office of Technology Assessment. This As (schoolbus) crashes continue, alibies nues; and (2) supporting selective cuts in much-needed agency could result in im­ for inaction become thinner. The problems federal spending proposals. mense savings to the taxpayers by giving are known, the technology is available. The In March I co-sponsored tax reform legis­ Congress advice and information by which undecided question is whether the sources lation which, if enacted, would reduce the to judge more accurately the merit of pro­ posals calling for massive spending in the of money needed for safety-school boards, federal deficit by $7.25 billion a year, simply by limiting some of the exemptions or "loop­ fields of science and technology. state houses and Congress-think that sav­ holes" in our existing tax system. Oo-sponsorship of three tax reform meas­ ing childrens lives is important. Mean­ I had hoped that a portion of this bill ures designed to correct inequities affecting while the busing issue gets more speeches could be attached, as a "Fiscal Responsibility specific groups. One of these measures sim­ than busing safety. Amendment," to the important Revenue plifies the tax provisions applicable to small Sha.ring Bill which was passed by the House busineSSinen. The other two eliminate cer­ in June. Revenue sharing, which will cost tain inconsistencies in the tax code based A TRIBUTE TO DR. WILLIAM T. the federal treasury more than $5 billion on the marital status of the taxpayer. a year, should pay its own way. Opposition to legislation shifting the gov­ PECORA Unfortunately, the revenue sharing bill ernment's share of the cost of federal em­ was brought to the floor under a "closed ployees' health insurance permiums from HON. PETER W. RODINO, JR. rule"-a parliamentary tactic prohibiting 45 % to 75 % . I supported an alternative pro­ amendments. I voted against this restric­ posal to set the government share at 50 per­ OP NEW JERSEY tive rule despite pressures from those who cent--a. more equitable a.nd less COSltly ar­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES favored "revenue sharing regardless of cost." rangement. Thursday, July 20, 1972 But the rule was adopted, and the amend­ Vote for an amendment to reduce from ment could not be considered. $55,000 to $20,000 the amount an individual Mr. RODINO. Mr. Speaker, it is with Votes in favor of reduced spending a.re farmer can receive ea.ch year in federal crop a deep sense of loss that I mourn the always difficult, since the proposals involved subsidy payments. 24856 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS July 21, 1972 Support of efforts to curb the spiraling sistance in purchasing equipment needed in tiona.l schools, as well as to needy students. costs of the Executive Office of the President. nutrition programs for children. The law authorizes $19 blllion through 1975, which in the past few years has become the Another major bill, which I sponsored, was which should do much to a.llevia.te the finan­ fastest-growing federal bureaucracy. I voted the $100 million authorization for the fight cial problems of our colleges and slow the rise to impose a ceiling on Executive salaries of against Sickle Cell Anemia, which was of tuition rates. $29 milM.on, still some $12 million more than signed into law in May. I also sponsored legis­ I have worked harder and spent more the final budget of the previous Administra­ lation attacking the problem of lead hours, since coming to Congress, on this tion. poisoning among inner-city children. Important bill than any other. It initially 2. ENVIRONMENT AND NATURAL RESOURCES Because of the very immediate need to received extensive consideration by my com­ A number of extremely important public estabilsh an efficient ambulance program in mittee (Education and Labor). And, when works projects affecting Kentucky's vital wa­ the Louisville area, I have worked closely the House and Senate adopted widely vary­ ter resources won funding for the coming with the House Subcommittee on Public ing versions, I was appointed to the Higher year. Citizens of Kentucky's Third District Health in developing the Emergency Medical Education Conference Committee which la­ will be most benefited by the $500,000 appro­ Services Act of 1972. As a co-sponsor of this bored from Ma.rch 15 to May 17 resolving priation to begin construction of the South­ bill, I am hoping it will gain House passage the many differences. In retrospect, the con­ western Jefferson County Floodwall. sometime this summer. ference was a grueling but very enlighten­ President Nixon's budget for fiscal 1973 In the reailm of industriaJ. hea.lth a.nd safe­ ing experience, especially for a freshman conta.ined no funds for this high-priority ty, I voted aga.inst two recent floor Mnend­ Congressman. flood protection project, but Congress cor­ ments ad.med 8lt weakening enforeement of Also embodied in the Higher Education bill rected this serious oversight, thanks to a co­ the new Occupa.tional Safety a.nd Health Act. was a $2 billion authorization to assist de­ operative and bi-partisan effort by the en­ I realize that many provisions of this law segregation in elementary and secondary tire Kentucky Congressional delegation. a.re highly ooilltroversial, but lit deserves a schools, and a set of statutory provisions lim­ Also of particular importance to Kentucky full a.nd fair test before ~endments a.re iting the use of federal funds for busing to is a bill to create mining and minerals re­ proposed. achieve racial balance and staying court­ search centers to seek new solutions to the 4. CONSUMER PROTECTION ordered busing pending final resolution of many problems associated with this impor­ The Motor Vehicle Information a.nd Cost appeals. I supported these busing provisions. tant industry. I supported this legislation Savings Aot was passed by the House on May Other important educational measures, and it passed the House in May. 22 and sent to the Sena.ta for further aotion. which I supported, include the Public Broad­ The most significant environmental legis­ When enacted, this bill will require that new casting Act of 1972 (subsequently vetoed by President Nixon), the Vocational Rehabllita­ lation, from a national viewpoint, which the automobiles be designed a.nd engineered so House passed this year is the comprehensive tha.t crash damage is minimized. It should tion Act and the Office of Economic Oppor­ Water Pollution Control Aot of 1972. The result in substa.ntiaJ. savings in repair bills tunity Extension Act, which would expand bill is currently in conference but should for American oar owners. the Hea.dsta.rt early-education program. The soon be sent to the President for his signa­ I have co-sponsored a resolution which last bill was necessitated by President Nixon's ture. When enacted, it Will firmly establish endorses the no-fa.ult automobile insurance earlier veto of the Comprehensive Child Ca.re the year 1981 as our national target date for concept and gives wa.rning to the sta,tes th&t legislation passed by the Congress last fall. ending the discharge of industrial pollutants federal legislation in this a.roo. will be forth­ 7. CONGRESSIONAL REFORMS into our streams and waterways. coming soon if the sta..tes, themselves, do not I have introduced a proposed Constitu­ Another important action by the House aot. tional Amendment to increase the terms of was the passage, in February, of a. major bill I also have co-sponsored a resolution de­ Representatives to four years. It is my feeling dealing with the abatement and control of manding th81t the Internal Revenue service that constituents would be better served if noise pollution. As a co-sponsor of the Noise simplify its forms so tha.t taxpayers are not their Congressmen were not distracted every Control Act, I was heartened by the over­ forced to bear the expense of professional other year by the rigors of campaigning. A whelming majority (356 to 32) it re,ceived. assistance in. filing their returns. newly-elected Member scarcely has time to I also have sponsored a number of other learn the job before it's time to start the re­ measures dealing with critical environmental 5. THE LAW ENFORCEMENT SYSTEM State and local governments will be able election campaign. questions, including resolutions urging the In a related matter, the House completed negotiation of a treaty banning underground to fund expanded public safety programs with the enactment of the Federal Revenue work in January on the Federal Election nuclear tests and the calling of an inter­ Campaign Act, which greatly expands re­ national conference to consider the environ­ Sba.ring bill, which ga,ined House passage on June 22. Law enforcement is one of the "high quirements for public disclosure of campaign mental effects of supersonic a.ircraft. gifts. This is a healthy development, which Because we need to make more rational use priority" purposes for w)llch these revenues are earmarked. I supported wholeheartedly. It will help re­ of our vital energy resources, I have Joined store public confidence in "the system." with many of my colleagues in sponsoring a The relationship between drug abuse and crime continues to be of major concern in This year, as la.st, I published a full and bill to create a Federal Council on Energy complete financial disclosure of my family Policy. Congress. The House passed four bills so far income and assets. I shall continue this vol­ Also in the past six months, I supported this year seeking to intensify the war against drug sellers and to beef up rehabllita,tion untary practice so long as I occupy public bills to establish the Sawtooth National Rec­ office. reation Area in Ida.ho, the Tinicum Tidal and treatment programs for addicts. I sup­ Marshland Ettvironmental Center in Penn­ ported all four of these measures. 8. CIVIL LIBERTIES sylvania. and the Seal Beach Wildlife Refuge I also co-sponsored a number of significant Due to my concern about the over-all im­ in California. Another related measure of bills which will be considered either in this plications of wire-tapping and electronic great importance is a blll, passed by the Congress or the next. These include proposals surveillance, I voted in February for a meas­ House in May, which establishes a fund for to grant financiaJ. assistance to crime victims, ure that would have created a Select House for a complete overhaul of our federal parole Committee on Privacy, Human Values and the accelerated reforestation of national system and for the establishment of a com­ Democratic Institutions. It is regrettable that lands which h:ave been logged or burned. mission to recommend reforms in the federal we find it necessary to consider such legisla­ In the area of wildlife conservation, the prison system. tion, but events over the pa.st few yea.rs have House in March passed the Marine Mam­ Because so many youthful offenders turn indicated that our Constitutional rights of mal Protection Act, which would impose a into habitual criminals, I voted for a bill to priva.cy is en.dangered. five-year moratorium on the killing of sea.ls, establish an Institute for Continuing Studies Despite misgivings about some of its pa.st whales, porpoises and other aquatic mam­ of Juvenile Justice. To me, it is imperative activities, I voted to continue funding for mals without permit from the Secretary of that we find better ways to get these young­ the House Committee on Internal Security. Interior. I also voted for legislation to impose sters back on the right track. I believe this Committee has proper legisla­ stricter penalties for the kllling of bald Other measures receiving my support in­ tive responsib111ties whi(\b justify its con­ eagles. clude efforts to improve the pay of prison tinued existence. 3. HEALTH AND WELFARE guards and probation officers, and to target I cannot say the same thing, however, for Of major interest to our elderly citizens is speciaJ. federal assistance into high crime the Subversive Activities Control Board, areas. I have co-sponsored bills to provide for the recently-enacted 20 percent increase in which has Vlrliually no record of achievement anti-juvenile delinquency programs in our after more than 20 years of operation at a Social Security benefits. I supported this leg­ schools and to effect stricter controls over cost of $6.75 mlllion in taxpayers' money. Ac­ islation because inflation has hit hardest at barbi.tura.tes and other drugs subject to cordingly, I voted against continued funding retired persons living on fixed incomes. How­ abuse. and against legislation to alter this agency's ever, I confess to some misgivings because 6. EDUCATION name and expand its mission. I don't think these benefits will be financed by increased The. landmark Higher Education Omnibus this leopard can change its spots. payroll taxes. Bill, signed into law June 23 is, in my opin­ In other matters of basic human justice, I An important bill, enacted by Congress ion, the most significant legislative accom­ supported legislation to make possible the re­ this spring, establishes a program providing plishment of this Congress. It represents a enfra.nchisement of rehabilitated former con­ nutritious meals to the elderly. I enthusias­ comprehensive restructuring of federal victs, a Congressional expression of concern tically supported this legislation, both in higher education programs. The bill au­ for the rights of Soviet Jews and the bill ex­ committee and on the House floor. Also, I thorizes, for the first time ever, direct federal tending the U.S. Commission on Civil Rights have sponsored legislation for federal as- financial assistance to colleges and voca- for five more years. July 21, 1972 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 24857

9. EMPLOYMENT AND WORKING CONDITIONS and understanding, the letter from the The successes were not of local significance Another important House-Senate Confer­ Ambassador: only, they influenced the whole outcome of the war. The defense of Crete saved Cyprus, ence Committee, to which I was appointed, RoYAL GREEK EMBASSY, resolved differences in the legislation which, Syria, Thrace and probably even Tobruk".­ Washington, D.O., May 12, 1972. Field Marshall Wavell, Commander-in-Chief, for the first time, gives enforcement powers Hon. JOHN SCHMITZ, to the Equal Employment Opportunity Com­ British Forces, Middle East. U.S. House of Representatives, "I dare not think what Russia's position mission. Washington, D.O. would be today, had Greece not fought" .­ The bill, as worked out in conference, MY DEAR CONGRESSMAN: It was brought to greatly expands the scope of the E.E.O.C.'s Field Marshal Alexander, October 1941. my attention that, at the hearings on Foreign "Por the sake of Historical Justice, I am to Jurisdiction and permits it to go to court to Aid for 1973, before the Foreign Affairs Com­ enforce its orders banning Job discrlmlnation. acknowledge that of all opponents who have mittee the House of Representatives, on faced us, the Greek soldier has fought with Its passage was hailed by civil rights leaders, March the 20th, Congressman Wayne Hays and I am pleased to have played a role in this bold daring and supreme contempt for (Democrat, Ohio), speaking in connection death".-Adolf Hitler. historic conference. with the question of the sale of Phantom In May, the House passed legislation to Following what precedes, I cannot but pro­ aircrafts to my country, stated, among other, te5t in the most vigorous way, for the slander­ increase the federal minimum wage from the following: $1.60 to $2.00 an hour. I voted against the ing of the Greek name, especially when this "If those Greeks are as smart as those comes from a member of Parliament of a amendment which inserted an intermediate Greeks in my district they wm get in those "step" of $1.80 an hour, but it was approved country, with which we are happy and proud planes and fly like hell to Spain, because you to entertain and to have traditionally enter­ by the House. I did not think that a delay know they are not going to do anything. If in the $2.00 rate was called for. The legisla­ tained brotherly relations. war breaks out those 36 Phantoms are going I would appreciate it if you could make tion is now before the Senate. to be . . . not very useful. The highly controversial question of these views known to your Colleagues. "If I were the NATO Commander, I would Sincerely, whether strikers and their families should put them back where I might have a be entitled to qualify for food stamps was B. VITSAXIS, chance ..." . Ambassador. again debated in the House. Since food st!).mp This is a really astonishing text; not only aid ts granted only in cases of demonstrated for the uncustomary language used but need-and only after the applicant has reg­ mainly because of the total disregard tor fact.a istered for available employment-I voted to which are common knowledge. SERVICEMEN SHOULD FIGHT AN continue the program in its present form. The record of Greece during the wars that UNDESIRABLE DISCHARGE I also voted in support of the budgetary the United States and Greece have fought appropriation for the Commerce Depart­ in the same side, ts, I believe, well known. I ment, which provides funds to help minor­ am sure that without a special effort Con­ HON. WILLIAM (BILL) CLAY ity-group citizens achieve economic inde­ gressman Hays will remember that when dur­ OF MISSOURI pendence through self-owned business ven­ ing the Second World War allled countries IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES tures. were in very difflcul t circumstances in the 10. MILITARY AND VETERANS' AFFAms Western part of Europe and some of them Thursday, July 20, 1972 To prevent future protracted involve­ had indeed been occupied, Greece-then Mr. CLAY. Mr. Speaker, with the ments 1n "undeclared wars," I have co-spon­ under a dictatorial regime-entered the war change in our involvement in Vietnam sored a "War Powers Act" which defines Con­ Joining the allies. He will also, I am sure, gressional prerogatives in questions of com­ recollect tha.t it was the Greek army which from a ground war to an air war, many mitting American fighting men to war. This was the first of all the allied armies in that men are returning home to pick up where legislation would permit the President to dis­ war to provide victories for our camp. they left off, or to start anew for the patch troops without prior Congressional The way in which the Greek .armed forces future. approval, but would permit him to deploy fought not only obliged the Nazi war machine Almost all of them are facing the harsh these troops for no more than 180 days with­ to turn all its attention and effort on my realities of a tight job market, or the out a formal declaration of war by the Con­ small country but also, as my countrymen frustrations over a lack of a decent edu­ gress. fought to the very last, to disrupt completely In a more hopeful vein, I supported legis­ Hitler's timetable for his Russian campaign. cation from which they can build a ca­ lation to authorize continued funding for The results of that disruption are only too reer. Particularly difficult are the prob­ the Arms Control and Disarmament Agency, well known. lems being faced by those servicemen to increase United States participation in the And it was the Greek armed forces again who received a less than honorable dis­ Hague Conference on International Law and which went on to fight even abroad on the charge. to establish a Commission on United States shores of Africa and Italy; offering tremen­ In a recent article in the Boston Globe, Participation in the United Nations. dous sacrifices to the common cause and con­ Congressman Loms STOKES discusses the Important veterans legislation, for which tributing to crucial allied victories. problems created by an undesirable dis­ I voted, includes measures to liberalize G .I. In this context it is interesting to note educational benefits, to increase housing what friends as well as foes had to say about charge, and the reason that many men grants for disabled veterans and to provide the manner in which my countrymen accept or even request such a discharge, a $311.6 mlll1on supplemental appropriation fought: which in most cases w1ll severely limit for veterans' unemployment benefits. I also "It is unnecessary to speak today for many any chance for future economic and so­ voted for legislation to establish a division countries. But there is one, a small but cial development. within the Veterans Administration to super­ heroic country, to which our thoughts turn I would like to include this article in vise the operations of our National Ceme­ today with sympathy and admiration. It 1s the RECORD of today's proceedings. I be­ teries. brave Greece and her forces which are de­ fending the fatherland. Among examples in lieve the advice contained therein will this war, there will certainly not be many be of help to many young men who find HEROIC GREECE acts tha.t will match the acts of self sacrifice themselves faced with the choice of a and heroism of the Greeks".-Winston court-martial or an undesirable dis­ Churchlll. charge. HON. JOHN G. SCHMITZ "If Hitler's Mediterranean plan-which The article follows: failed thanks to the victorious resistance of OJ' CALIFORNU [From the Boston Globe, July 11, 1972) Greece-had succeeded, Germany's attack on IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the Soviet Union would have had enUrely SERVICEMAN SHOULD FIGHT UNDESmABLE DISCHARGE Thursday, July 20, 1972 different results. The heroes who have cov­ ered the sacred la.nd of Northern Epirus with (By Representative LOUIS STOKES) Mr. SCHMITZ. Mr. Speaker, as each their blood, the fighters of Pindus and others, Today a disproportionate number of black day goes by, I am constantly appalled at will together with the fighters of the Mara­ servicemen are being awarded less than hon­ the fact that the very few friends we have thon, guide and shine mankind through the orable discharges. The worse the discharge left in the free world are constantly centuries".-Anthony Eden, British Foreign is the higher the percentage being given under attack, both directly and in­ Secretary at the time. to blacks. Of great concern to me is the directly. Quite recently I received a letter "Greece's admirable struggle in Albania number of servicemen accepting, or even re­ ls one of the turning points of World War questing, undesirable discharges. from the Greek Ambassador to the II".-George VI, King of England. Accepting a "UD" may get you home fast United States calling my attention to a "The battle of Mt. Pindus changed the or may keep you from going to a court­ possible misunderstanding of the true course of hlstory''.-Marshall Jan Smuts. martlal, but what effect does it have on your history of that nation. "We readily acknowledge that our Greek life? Translated into reality, a less than In view of the vast contributions that allies are the first who, through their superb honorable discharge ts a sentence to con­ Greece has made on behalf of the free victories in Northern Epirus paved the way finement at hard labor for life. It ts confine­ world, I am including, for clarification and dealt decisive blows against Fascist Italy. ment to a life without hope or opportunity. 24858 EXTENSIONS OF REM;ARKS July 21, 1972 What happens to a young, black man from has outlined clearly the earth's unique to prevent radioactive pollution even of the the inner city who has only a high school place in the solar system and the impor­ deepest waters of the biosphere for millennia diploma. and a less than honorable dis­ tance of continued manned space flight. But once low-cost space tra.nspc;>rtation ~ charge to recommend him? He is entitled to developed, beginning with the space shut­ no educational or training assistance from ~eca'?8e of the significance of Dr. Eh­ tle, we have the option to isolate the long­ any government agency. The private sector r1cke s article, I am including it in the lived products and remove them from Earth will not help him in view of his discharge. RECORD for the benefit of my colleagues It has been suggested that they be sent int~ He is virtually confined to a life in the inner and the general public. The article fol­ the Sun. This, however, ls very costly. A far city without any future opportunity to bet­ lows: more economic option ls to dispose the waste ter himself by way of education, training or MAN CAN USE INTERSTELLAR SPACE into interstellar space with the aid of the planet Jupiter. employment. (By Krafft A. Ehricke) When a convicted felon is released from The shuttle provides comparatively eco­ a Federal prison, he is able to enter com­ For millions of years, Man inhabited a nomic delivery into low orbit. From there munity treatment centers, half-way houses, seemingly infinite and indestructible Earth the cargo must be launched into deep space special rehabilitation and education pro­ Now, as t~i£ planet's true limitations becom~ w_ith as little boost as possible, to minimize grams. Yet a veteran with a less than hon­ apparent, space technology is opening up new d1Sposal cost. A boost of 6,800 m.p.h. sends orable discharge is released to the commu­ environments and new opportunities. It is an Apollo spacecraft to the Moon. A boost nit y with no prospect of assistance of any just as once before, when life emerged from of a.bout 8,000 m.p.h. sends the cargo into sea. onto land and expansion into a new en­ kind. interplanetary space. But radioactive waste Many of these veterans a.re only 18, 19 and vironment triggered fresh growth potential. coasting in unknown orbits, due to plane­ 20 years old. Without education or training Ours is the first civllization to succeed in tary perturbations, would constitute a haz­ they do not have a realistic opportunity to transferring the burden of production from ard long after vigorous interplanetary traffic advance economically or socially. For them, slaves to machines. But in liberating Man has evolved. Disposal into the Sun would be t he current level of social and economic de­ technology has ca.used a confrontation with very expensive, requiring a. boost of at lea.st velopment is the highest they will ever reach. the ecology of the biosphere. A technology 44,900 m.p.h. It is not that they. cannot do better. Nor is which some contend is pushing man to his On the other hand, a boost of 19,500 m.p.h. it that they do not want to do better. It is limits can, however, also provide a transition sends t~e cargo into interstellar space. Using true they will never even be allowed to try. A from a finite world inside the Earth's bio­ Jupiter s gravity field as slingshot, the re­ piece of paper--8 by 101h inches--is their sphere to a greater action world that is open quired boost can be reduced further to confinement order, condemning them for life. to the uni verse. 16,000 m.p.h. This results in a cost of one­ The psychological pressures a. young man is Earth is unique in this solar system as the tenth or less of the cost of waste disposal confronted with when placed in the midst of abode of Man, but not as a place for indus­ into or very near the Sun where it would a. war few people understand or accept, the trial production. Technological process can evaporate and be captured in the corona. disillusionment he suffers as a. result of the expand industry beyond Earth, a momen­ It could become comparable to the cost of military's indifference to his personal prob­ tous process which could improve decisively burial deep in the Earth's mantle. lems, the mental anguish he endures when the social, ecological and industrial scene in Disposal into interstellar space renders faced with the alternative of accepting a. less the next 100 yea.rs. Through our technological radioactive waste harmless before three light than honorable discharge or facing a. court­ powers we can turn the specter of material years distance has been reached, which takes martia.l preceded by a lengthy pre-trial con­ limitations into an evolutionary challenge to a.bout 100,000 yea.rs. The nearest star system assure both continued growth of civilization finement all affect this man. ls 4.2 light yea.rs away. The waste ls there­ He will never truly understand or accept and preservation of Earth's unique environ­ fore harmless long before it might approach the fact that, to the military, he is just an­ ment. other galactic civilizations. This challenge ls not primarily a material­ Thus, Jupiter could be the first among other number, that his life is of little conse­ istic but a spiritual one. It demands the quence to anyone except himself and his the planets to become of practical interest growth in moral stamina that transla.tes to an open-world development program family. lofty rhetoric into practical accomplish­ Yet, the day he accepts a less than honor- whose premise ls the operational indivisibil­ ments. The pitiful spectacle of today's world ity of Earth, space and other worlds. Future able discharge may well affect him and his power politics, after two World wars, em­ family more than any other day of his life. wealth of mankind would be measured not phasizes the urgent need for new oppor­ only in terms of energy and raw materials Certainly, no one is pleased with the pros­ tunities to grow. Competing for advantages pect of leaving his home and family to spend but also of environments. With full a.ware~ and resources in the limited world of our bio­ ness of Earth's limits, we would be freed to two years in the military. Yet, when called sphere, in which there is not enough to go upon to do so, a. man should attempt to do find better wa.ys--freed to sea.le the level a.round for all, is futile and incompatible of human achievements closer to the infinite. the job the best of his a.bllity and to leave with global responsibilities. Now that a new the service with an honorable discharge. opportunity is open to us, the resources spent When asked to choose between the court­ in competition can and should be trans­ martia.l and the undesirable discharge, I ferred to the common tasks of open-world would encourage a. man to take the court­ development. Among the many new options A BUSINESS WITHIN A BUSINESS: martial and to fight his case. Military attor­ provided thereby, one ls particularly intrigu­ CHICAGO TRIBUNE TASK FORCE neys are available without cost at nearly ing-disposal of nuclear waste in interstellar REPORT-PART IV every installation. The American Civil Liber­ space. ties Union and the NAACP have lawyers As a means to meet future energy demands, available for military defense work through­ atomic power plants have many advantages, HON. ABNER J. MIKVA out the country. I keep a list of these at­ but perhaps their most serious drawback OF ll.LINOIS torneys in my Washington office. is the generation of unwanted radioo.ctivity. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Because a less than honorable discharge Two factors complicate the opera.tion of nu­ means the certain destruction of a. veteran's clear reactors: fuel depletion and fission Thursday, July 20, 1972 future, I urge the serviceman to seek legal product poisoning. Each fission destroys a Mr. uranium-235 atom which detonates like a. Mr. MIKVA. Speaker, home bur­ assistance whenever confronted with an ad­ bombshell, hurling fission fragments in all glaries and gunrunning are two easy ministrative discharge or a court-martial directions. The fragments contaminate the m~thods to obtain illegal weapons. A proceeding. reactor. They absorb neutrons necessary for third way is through pilferage from gun continuation of the chain reaction and manufacturers' plants. thereby interfere with continued power gen­ Guns kill 10,000 Americans a year. eration. Moreover, reactor materials are The Chicago Tribune created a task force MAN CAN USE INTERSTELLAR damaged by particle radiation, corrosion and to study this epidemic of violence. This SPACE heat. Therefore, radioactive fuel must be added is the fourth in a series of 10 task force and fission products be removed. The reports. strength and amount of high radiation level Criterion Die & Machine Co. manu­ HON. OLIN E. TEAGUE waste produced in this process depends on factures "Saturday Night Specials." In OF TEXAS many factors, but its radioactive potency today's article, reporters examined this IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES cannot be changed. While many fission prod­ ucts a.re short-lived and decay within a year, company and found a business within a Thursday, July 20, 1972 the most dangerous are the long-lived prod.: business. There were not even token Mr. TEAGUE of Texas. Mr. Speaker, ucts that remain active for from tens to security measures at the plant. Em­ hundreds of centuries. Their accumulation ployees began smuggling weapon parts Dr. Krafft A. Ehricke, one of the coun­ on Earth can pose a significant thre.at to the try's most renowned experts on manned biosphere and hundreds of future genera­ out of the building and assembling them space flight and a true visionary, in the tions. It would be very costly to bury the elsewhere. The guns were then sold on June 28 edition of the Los Angeles Times waste sufficiently deep in the Earth's mantle the black market for twice the amount July 21, 1972 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 24859 received on the legal market. It reached zer] ," a. federal agent said. "It did not make 50 guns. As a sign of good faith, he had the point where almost all of the com­ any difference to him if those stolen guns Jose Rosario, 19, sell Carbone a revolver for were being used to k111 people. He just told $15. pany's 18 employees were involved in the us that it would cost him more to install "We're giving you a $10 discount because racket. However, the profitable ring was security systems than he was losing thru pil­ you work at the plant," Rosario said. arrested by Federal agents. After a series ferage. He said he could not search employes of burglaries following this incident, the AGENT BUYS 26 GUNS because it was a. union shop." Thru Rosario, Aponte, Paillo, and Falcon, president finally installed security meas­ As a result, Falcon's wing grew more braz­ Carbone purchased a total of 26 handguns, ures. Yet, there are no laws that would en. Eventually almost all of the assembly in addition to dozens of weapon parts, for have compelled him to do this. Conse­ room's 18 employes were involved in the more than $500. However, the 50-gun ship­ quently, lack of security continues among racket. The bootleg weapons began selling ment was never delivered. gun manufacturers, as more illegal weap­ in such wholesale quantities that "they were In February, 1970, the three youths and being sold by the sackful in Harlem," federal Falcon were arrested by federal agents, and ons enter our streets. agents said. The article follows: one of the largest and most lucrative gun­ Agents estimate that over a two-year pe­ bootlegging rings in New York City history {From the Chicago Tribune, June 28, 1972] riod, the ring sold about half of the 10,000 had been broken. TASK FORCE REPORT: STOLEN GUNS KILL, weapons at a profit of about $125,000. The courts handled the case lightly. Ro­ MAIM AS SELLERS COUNT BIG PROFIT UNDAUNTED BY ARRESTS sario was acquitted on June 10, because the The Criterion Die and Machine Company • The ring was so bold that it continued to judge and jury said they did not believe on Manhattan's west side manufactures small operate following the arrest of three men in Rosario was "in the business of selling guns." engines of death called Saturday Night May, 1969, after the trio sold an undercover FOUR YEARS FOR FALCON Specials-concealable handguns that sell for agent six revolvers for $195. Paillo received only a 3-month sentence the price of a cheap pair of shoes. It was one of the arrested men, Jose Crespo, and two yea.rs' probation, and Aponte was It was in a dingy room where those guns who told agents that CDM employes were pil­ sentenced to one year in the reformatory. are assembled that Vic "Chupa" Falcon and fering the parts to supplement their meager Falcon was serutenced to four yea.rs in fed­ his band of gun bootleggers found a. way to incomes. cat apult their incomes from $1.65 an hour eral prison. Using information supplied by the trio, an The disclosures failed to move Meltzer to more than $50,000 a year. undercover agent, who shall be known in this Their method had the beauty of simplicity. to install security devices. account as Jose Carbone. His mission was to One year later, on June 24, 1971, CDM Falcon and his ring were employes of the firm, trace, he obtained a job in the plant. toiling each day in the assembly room for was burglarized. The thieves entered thru as low a wage as the law would allow. FALCON GOES FULL-TIME a loft in an adjoining building, chopped a. By this time Falcon had been fired from his hole in the plasterboard wall of the CDM THE MUGGING BEGINS job-which suited him fine, because he could factory washroom, then broke into a cage Noticing that the company president, now devote full time to his prosperous enter­ where assembled guns were stored. They Robert Meltzer, had failed to install even prise. made off with 454 .25 cal. automatics valued token security measures, they began smug­ "He couldn't afford to work, anyway," com­ at $8,172. gling weapons parts out of the loft building mented a federal agent. "His job was inter­ It was the fourth burglary of the factory and assembling them into complete hand­ fering with his racket." in four years. guns in the basement of Falcon's Bronx Carbone didn't have to wait long for the It was only after this incident that Melt­ apartment. ring to approach him. On his first day on the zer fine.Uy installed security measures cost­ Cylinders, frames, handgrips, and barrels job, Dec. 15, 1969, Carbone was asked by Jesus ing $15,000. There are no laws that would were stuffed into coat pockets, waist bands, Paillo, 19, to smuggle a cylinder out of the compel him to install security devices in and lunch palls until enough parts to as­ plant. He did, noticing that Paillo and several order to get his federal license to manufac­ sembly 10,000 weapons had vn.nished without other men were doing the same. ture guns. a trace. The cost of the security measures belied It was easy because Meltzer did not order ENTHRALLED IN INTRIGUE Meltzer's contention that such precautions his parts by a numerical accounting system, He quickly discovered the racket was the were more expensive than the losses incurred but by weight-sometimes a. ton at a time. main topic of conversations among employes thru pilfer.age and burglary. Between 1967 U.LICIT PROFTTS BIGGER who discussed their daily plans while work­ and 1971, he lost the equivalent of 11,500 ing, a.t lunch, and in the locker room. The Unguarded, the parts lay a.bout the plant weapons that would have netted him a pro­ racket had become a business within a fit of $40,000. in huge barrels and were filched easily. Be­ business. cause they arrived by weight, a few pieces Pilferage is not confined to small manu­ Three days after Carbone began work, facturers like CDM. Despite ,security meas­ could be lifted each day without being Efrain Aponte, 17, told him he could sell Car­ missed. ures surrounding Colt Firearms Co., Hart­ bone a few weapons later in the month for ford, Conn., more than 60 highly dangerous The bootleggers soon foun'd that the 1llegal $25 each. The undercover agent agreed to market for their lethal wares was twlce M-16 rifles and 140 handguns were stolen make the buy. from the plant between 1967 and 1971. as profitable as the legal market. Meltzer's On Jan. 7, 1970, Carbone purchased a boot­ guns sold for $12 ea.ch in stores, but the leg weapon from Aponte for $25, right in bootleggers peddled them for $25 to $30 a front of the CDM plant. piece. It cost Falcon and his pilferers nothing to POSES AS REVOLUTIONARY NA VY DEFIES PENTAGON RULES steal the parts and only a few dollars to set Posing as a member of the Santo Doxningo up a. make-shift assembly shop in his base­ revolutionary group, Carbone decided to HON. LES ASPIN ment at 1478 Bryant Av. make his move. That address is in the lower Bronx, one "Look," he said to Aponte, "I need more OF WISCONSIN of New York City's worst slums, and the than one or two guns. The people back home IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES bottleggers foun'd a thriving market among a.re having trouble. I need at least a hun­ Thursday, July 20, 1972 the people who lived in that neighborhood. dred guns." Drug addicts needed guns to commit rob­ Excited by the prospect of doing business Mr. ASPIN. Mr. Speaker, the Navy is beries to support their habits; shop owners on a large scale, Aponte and Paillo arranged defying specific Defense Department needed guns to protect themselves from rob­ a meeting between Carbone and Fa.Icon. regulations in proceeding with funding bers. Burglars needed guns to shoot startled Falcon said he would "be glad to do business" requests for a half-a-billion-dollar homeowners, and homeowners needed them with Carbone and then asked Carbone to hydrofoil patrol guided missile ship pro­ to defend themselevs against burglars. Mug­ smuggle out some handgrips. gram. gers needed them to threaten• their victims, COUSINS IN RACKET and their victims needed them to fend off The Navy is proceeding with its patrol On Jan. 14, Carbone purchased two more hydrofoil program despite the fact that muggers. revolvers for $50 from Aponte and handed MELTZER 'S INDIRECT AID a review and study required by Pentagon over the pilfered pistol grips. It was then that regulations has not been done. These And so, out of that vicious circle of violence he learned the racket was a faxnily affair­ and fear, Falcon and his ring reaped huge Aponte, Paillo, and Falcon were cousins. Pentagon regulations recommend inten­ profits. Men who had been subsisting on a Two days later, Carbone met with Falcon sive review of all major weapon systems minimum wage were now earning as much and expressed impatience with the way the including a series of top-level meetings as $130 a day, thanks to Meltzer who felt it ring was doing business: "My people need by the Defense Secretary or his deputy was too expensive to in'stall security precau­ two hundred guns at least, not two at a before commitments to the development tions. time," he told Falcon. or production of a weapon are made by "It was strictly economics with him [Melt- Falcon promised to deliver a shipment of the Defense Department. None of the 24860 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS July 21, 1972 prescribed reviews have occurred, but The 170-ton hydrofoil will theoreti­ COMPARISON OF CONTRACTORS' Congress has been asked to fund the first cally skim across the water as fast as 50 LOW BIDS WITH WMATA ESTI­ two of an undisclosed number of these knots and presumably carry some kind MATES ships. of missile to attack enemy surface ships. Mr. Speaker, I am today publicly call­ In recent years the Navy has already HON. ROBERT N. GIAIMO spent more than $80 million on several ing upon Defense Secretary Melvin Laird OF CONNECTICUT to force the Navy to conform to Depart­ ill-fated hydrofoil programs, lost at least ment regulations and conduct the re­ one ship, and only built one decent craft IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES quired review of the program. which was considerably smaller than the Thursday, July 20, 1972 It is also interesting to note that ac­ planned 170-ton craft. Mr. GIAIMO. Mr. Speaker, in recent cording to a recent General Accounting Mr. Speaker, Secretary Laird must re­ years we have witnessed a continued es­ Office report, the Navy is not even sure quire the Navy to subject its programs calation of bid estimates and construc­ exactly what weapons it will be placing to review through a development con­ tion costs throughout the United States. on the ship. cept paper-(DCP)-and a DSARC It gives me pleasure to insert into the Despite these violations of Pentagon meeting like every other major weapon CONGRESSIONAL RECORD evidence of an regulations and doubts about what the system. To do otherwise would create un­ exception to this rule of thumb: The ship will look like, the Navy is seeking necessary risks that may result in delays, Washington Metropolitan Area Transit $46 million for the ships in this year's cost overruns and poor performance by Authority comparison of contractors' budget. the hydrofoil. low bids with WMATA estimates:

WASHINGTON METROPOLITAN AREA TRANSIT AUTHORITY-COMPARISON OF CONTRACTORS' LOW BIDS WITH WMATA ESTIMATES

Contract Section Bid WMATA Contractors' Percent No. No. Description of work date estimate low bid Difference difference

1A0021 A-2 Cut and cover and earth tunnels------Dec. 2, 1969 $10, 367, 398. 95 $12, 349, 562. 00 +$1, 982, 163. 05 +19. 11) 180011 8-1 C. & C., Gallery Place, Judiciary Square stations ______Dec. 3, 1969 28, 784, 798. 86 33, 741, 524. 00 +4, 956, 725. 14 +11. 22) 1A0045 A-4 Park Police stables------Feb. 26, 1970 30, 000. 00 30, 370. 51 +370. 51 +1. 23) 1A0043 A-4 Cut and cover and rock tunnels------Mar. 3, 1970 9, 462, 568. 00 7, 119. 735. 00 (2, 342, 833. 00~ (24. 75 180021 8-2 Cut and cover line------Mar. 25, 1970 13, 190, 556. 40 12, 329, 784. 40 (860, 772. 00 (6. 52 1Z4208 B-5d1 Modification to PCT Co. electrical facilities------June 16, 1970 356, 375. 00 298, 073. 87 (58, 301. 13) (16. 29 lAOOll A-1 Cut and cover and Metro Center Station------June 17, 1970 32, 201, 028. 50 37, 957, 343. 70 +5, 756, 315. 20 +17.87 1A0031 A-3 Cut and cover and Farragut North Station------Sepl 23, 1970 20, 802, 967. 20 23, 042, 898. 87 +2. 239, 931. 67 +10. 76 180042 8-4 Excavation at Rhode Island Avenue Station------Nov. 18, 1970 894, 568. 00 351, 265. 99 (543, 302. 01) (60. 67~ 1Z420B B-5b Demolish existing W.T. Co. structures------Dec. 1, 1970 215, 000. 00 53, 970. 00 (161, 030. 00) (74. 88 1Z4206 B-5ca Alterations to W.T. Co. facility, step 11'------Dec. 16, 1970 2, 2865 338. 81 2, 425, 540. 00 +139, 201.19 +6.08 180032 B-3b Cut and cover and South half Union Station------Feb. 3, 1971 7, 65 , 503. 00 6, 377, 010. 00 (1, 278, 493. 00) (16. 69) 180061 8-61 Franklin St. Bridge, WMATA and C. & 0./8. & 0------Feb. 17, 1971 l, 023, 775. 00 1, 060, 876. 00 +37, 101.00 +3.61 1Z4081 TW-1 Trackwork and contact rail, phase 1------Feb. 24, 1971 9, 108, 132. 00 8, 313, 862. 00 (794, 270. 00) (8. 71) 1C0041 C-4 Potomac River tunnel crossing __ ·------Mar. 3, 1971 26, 930, 647. 00 23, 397, 053. 00 (3, 533, 594. 00) (13. 12) 2Zl031 SSE-1 Procurement of substation equipment, phase'------Apr. 7, 1971 3, 610, 700. 00 1, 839, 949. 00 (1, 770, 751. 00) (49. 04) 1A0044 A-4b Rock tunnels and Dupont Circle Station·------May 11, 1971 11, 603, 182. 00 11, 711, 697 00 +108, 515. 00 +0.93 2, 820, 591. 00 180051 B-5b WMATAW. T. Co. main East linecoach and yard yard.---- ______------May do12, ______1971 _ 3, 171, 060. 00 +350, 469. 00 +12.44 1Z4203 8-5b1 4,747,932.00 5, 592, 770. 00 +844, 838. 00 +17. 79 27, 049. 00 17, 300. 00 (9, 749. 00) (37. 03) 1A0048 A-4a NPSCut andhike-bike cover andtrail-Rock Foggy Bottom Creek StationPark------______JuneMay 192,, 1971 1C0031 C-3 23, 032, 625. 60 25, 950, 597. 00 +2. 917, 971. 40 +12. 66 Rock tunnels and Rosslyn Station------June 9, 1971 255 986, 023. 00 25, 482, 364. 00 (503, 659. 00) (1. 93) 1C0051 C-5 Operations control center building ______June 30, 1971 1Z4101 OCCB 1 ,607,667.00 11, 674, 192. 00 (3, 933, 475. 00) (25.19) 1C0021 C-2 Cut and cover and Farragut West Station ______July 21, 1971 31, 381, 650. 52 31, 043, 383. 50 (338, 267. 02) (1. 08) 1A0047 A-4a 270, 373. 00 311, 254. 00 +40, 881. 00 +15.12 1Z2011 TSC 1 42, 046, 818. 00 42, 074, 675. 33 +27, 857. 33 ------1Z4202 B-5a1 8, 015, 196. 00 5, 548, 000. 00 (2, 467, 196. 00) (30. 78) WJAX}~:: 1ff :\;:;~~;; :;: :;; ;:;=; ::~=~~~~~:~~~:~~~~~~;:;;:;;;;=;;::; :;= ifii 772, 400. 00 792, 000. 00 + 19, 600. 00 +2. 54 1Z4201 B-5a !ii 1 Aerial structure, Rhode Island Avenue Station·------Oct. 13, 1971 9, 061, 582. 00 9, 849, 570. 00 +787, 988. 00 +8.70 180048 8-4 Substation at Rhode Island Avenue Station ______do ______18004A 8-4 228, lll. 00 224, 335. 00 (3, 776. 00) (1. 66) 1, 275, 900. 00 l, 458, 114. 30 + 182, 214. 30 +14. 28 1Z420A B-5a2 WTCHoist steamequipment__ and air ______facilities ------______------Oct. 20,27, 1971 180031 8-3 1, 407, 650. 00 849, 800. 00 (557, 850. 00) (39. 63) 1Z4051 ESC · Escalators phase '------Dec. 1, 1971 15, 451, 481. 00 12, 381, 521. 00 (3, 069, 960. 00) ~19. 86) 1C0063 C--6 Pentagon north parking lot_ __ --- ____ ------Dec. 22, 1971 474, 765. 00 397, 200. 00 (77, 565. 00) 16. 34) 1C0071 C-7 C. & C. Earth Tunnel, Pentagon City Station------~------do ______27, 127, 018. 50 23, 113, 984. 00 (4, 013, 034. 50~ (14. 79) 1C0062 C-6b C. & C. Pentagon Station------Mar. 3, 1972 21, 103, 248. 70 17, 585, 776. 06 (3, 517, 472. 64 (16. 67) 1Z2021 COMM Communications-Phases I, II, 11'------Mar. 15, 1972 13, 512, 052. 00 5, 450, 845. 00 (8, 061, 207. 00) (59. 66) 180033 B-3c C. & C. and north half Union Station------Mar. 22, 1972 13, 351, 200. 70 13, 208, 001. 87 (143, 198. 83) (1.10) lCOOll C-1 C. & C.-McPherson Square Station------Apr. 12, 1972 17, 460, 357. 00 18, 961, 838. 00 +1. 501, 481. 00 +8.59 1C0064 C-6d Pentagon Concourse shop relocation------Apr. 19, 1972 134, 648.00 115, 164. 00 119, 484. 00) (14. 47) 2Z0061 VEH Vehicles ______------May 3, 1972 119, 047, 369. 00 91, 607, 274. 00 (27, 40, 095. 00) (23. 05) 100021 0-2 C. & C.-Smithsonian Station------May 10, 1972 19, 643, 500. 00 14, 747, 287. 00 (4, 896, 213. 00) (24. 93) Total as of May 10, 1972 ______592, 510, 746. 74 544, 008, 821. 40 (48, 501, 925. 34) (8. \8 )

As you will note, this is an 18-month and throughout the world to produce a section of our country we usually find tabulation of construction costs. It is not efficient mass transit systems in coordi­ that one of the leaders of the growth a compilation of guesses. The figures rep­ nation with an overall balanced trans­ forces is a man who has been related resent all bids on construction costs and portation network. to an electric or energy authority. other expenditures for a first-class sub­ In summary, I applaud the financial In central Texas, that leader was Mr. way system for our Nation's Capital. I astuteness of the WMATA in the cost Max Starcke, Administrator of the would emphasize that these figures do estimates of the subway system and the Lower Colorado River Authority. not include the subway design costs, but construction companies' ability to con­ This is the granddaddy of river author­ these were all negotiated and were under struct this massive transportation system ities in Texas. In the 1930's several coun­ the estimates. within their projections during this pe­ ties banded together and got the approval It is certainly to the credit of WMATA riod of inflation and economic instability. of the State legislature to begin opera­ officials that they were able to adhere to tions. Dreamed of by Max Starcke, push­ their original price guidelines of con­ ed by men like Lyndon Johnson, the struction costs, thereby malcing this, to dream turned into a vast reality, For 20 my knowledge, one of the few major MAX STARCKE-BUILDER OF years Max Starcke manned the helm of transportation projects that have not CENTRAL TEXAS the LCRA turning the small river project exceeded their original cost estimates. into a $150-million giant that owns and The 98-mlle system, which will cost $3 HON. J. J. PICKLE operates six dams and powerplants and billion upon completion, not only will 011' TEXAS provides the sole power for 33 cities and in provide a quick and relatively pollution­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES rural areas a 41,000-square-mile area free mode of transportation to workers of central Texas. and visitors to and from the District of Thursday, July 20, 1972 I have been privileged to work with Columbia, but it will also be an inspira­ Mr. PICKLE. Mr. Speaker, whenever this man professionally, personally, tion to many cities in the United States we see economic and domestic growth 1n socially, for 30 years. Never have I known July 21, 1972 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 24861 a more delightful, progressive person. He city reciprocated by naming a municipal park terest and participation, a Fourth Seminar cared for people, so he built carefully. in his honor. will be held in early December, 1972. One 0f the organizers of the Texas Water Views expressed 1n this report are those There are no blemishes on his record­ Conservation Association, he was elected of the speakers and are not necessarily the only plusses, accomplishments. president of that group in 1958. views cf The Stanley Foundation. Max Starcke proved that the various In addition to the Texas State Parks Board, electric authorities could work together. Starcke was active in the Texas Fine Arts INTRODUCTORY REMARKS BY MR. C. MAXWELL Under his watchful eye, private com­ Association, Texas Economy Commission, STANLEY, PRESIDENT, THE STANLEY FOUNDA­ panies, public, investor owned, or co­ League of Texas Municipalities, South Texas TION operative groups, distribution or G & T Chamber of Commerce, Texas Good Roads As­ I welcome you to The Stanley Foundation's services, river authorities, municipal sociation and American Institute of Elec­ Third News Media Seminar at the United services all worked with each other. trical Engineers. Nations. You are here to see how news is Competition was keen but healthy. He served as director of the Gonzales Warm made at the United Nations and to learn Springs Foundation, Austin Symphony, about the United Nations. Many U.N. activ­ It is a perfect example of what can be Travis County Society for Crippled Children, ities and problems will be discussed in ad­ accomplished if all the electric and and the American Public Power Association. dresses from. members of its Secretariat and energy forces help each other. He was also involved with the Austin area from mem.bers of Permanent Missions to the Max Starcke offered us strong leader­ Economic Development Foundation, Boy and United Nations of several nations. ship and fair leadership. We owe him Girl Scouts, St. David's Hospital, Salvation This seminar is one of the ongoing func­ more thanks than we can say for the good Army, Aust.in Yacht Club, Rotary, Elks, Knife tions of The Stanley Foundation, a private and Fork Club, Masonic Lodge, Alpha Chap­ operating foundation. We emphasize inter­ he did in his lifetime. ter of Pi Sigma Alpha, Red Cross, Austin Mr. I to in national matters and foreign policy, giving Speaker, would like place Community Chest, United Fund, and Texas particular attention to the United Nations the RECORD at this time a recent article Pin Bowlers Association. and world organization. This emphasis re­ from the Austin Statesman telling us Starcke was president of the Guadalupe sults from my longstanding belief that effec­ about this great man of central Texas County Fair Association, Seguin Fire Depart­ tive world organization is a prerequisite to The article is as follows: ment and Seguin Lions Club and was a secure peace with freedom. justice, and deacon of University Presbyterian Church. FORMER LCRA MANAGER MAX STARCKE DIES progresss. Such world organization should Survivors include his wife, Mrs. Evelyn AT 88 provide alternatives to the confused proce­ Quinn Starcke of Austin and two daughters, dures that characterize the nation state sys­ Max Hugo Starcke, the power behind the Mrs. 1\1:ax.ine Strozier of San Antonio and development o! the chain o! Highland Lakes tem. Such world organization must enjoy Mrs. Margaret Woodruff of Austin. some degree of sovereignty and bring to in­ and the massive hydro-electric plants o! the Funeral will be Saturady at 10 a.m. at Lower Colorado River Authority, died late ternational relations the stability of rule by Goetz Funeral Chapel in Seguin. Dr. Robert law rather than by men and nations. Thursday a.t the age of 88. Tate uf the First United Methodist Church Death came in St. David's Hospital, which You are at the United Nations during a of Austin will officiate. Burial will be in time of strain; it is under serious attack, par­ he helped build in the late 1950's a.nd where Seguin Memorial Park. he spent the last months of his life. He was a ticularly within the United States. The U.N.'s life member of the board of the trustees of rebuff to our position regarding Taiwan dur­ the hospital. ing the recent China debate has again re­ St. David's Hospital was only one of many leased a chant of rancor against the United projects for which he used his influence and THE UNITED NATIONS AND THE Nations. For this, and other reasons, the money to make bigger and better. The in­ FREE PRESS United Nations is criticized and harassed. fluence extended into m.any spheres such as But I suggest to you tha.t it is also misunder­ government, banking, politics, charities and, stood. We are ha.ppy to have you here for all most of all, water conservation and electric HON. JOHN R. RARICK too often the press of the United Nations power development. OF LOUISIANA contributes to this criticism, harassment, and misunderstanding. Starcke was mayor of Seguin for 14 years, IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES a.nd in 1938 he left what appeared to be No doubt you have many questions about destined as a life term in the mayoral chair Thursday, July 20, 1972 the United Nations. Are its proceedings empty words or is there substance? Is the to come to Austin with the young Lower Mr. RARICK. Mr. Speaker, the United Colorado River Authority. He served as gen­ United Nations performing useful functions eral manager of the huge complex of dams Nations credibility has so deteriorated or is it an unnecessary burden? Is it anti­ and power plants for 20 years. that its friends have now taken to United States, as so often stated? You will In the first 16 years after he took the helm romancing the American news media for inquire about its successes a.nd failures; it of the LCRA, the authority completed the better image building through the Amer­ has some of both. Most importantly, you will series of dams above Austin to create a sole ican press. ask why it is not more effective. Along the source of power for 33 cities and rural areas Such a U.N. news media seminar spon­ way, you will examine the posture of the in a 41,000-square-mile area. United States towards the United Nations sored by the Stanley Foundation of and perhaps question the wisdom of this Under his guidance the $55 million LCRA Muscatine, Iowa, was held at the United project grew to a $150 m1111on giant that posture. May I set forth some thoughts for owns and operates six dams and power Nations December 1 through 3, 1971, and you to consider as you listen to and question plants. was participated in by the representa­ the speakers and formulate your own evalua­ One of the last dams to be dedicated, the tives of some 20 American newspapers. tion of the United Nations. one in the Marble Falls, was named in honor From the Stanley "slick paper'' re­ 1. The world has a grab bag full of global o! Starcke. port, I insert the preface, the introduc­ problems. Peace and security properly belong Starcke was born in 1884 in a one-store at the top of the list for they affect life tory remarks by the president of the itself. Economic and social development o! v1llage called York's Creek (now known as foundation, and the list of the partici­ Zorn near Seguin, where a public park now the less developed nations is a continuing bears his name. · pants with my remarks: global problem. Exploding population and He attended Texas A&M and in his youth REPORT OF THE THIRD NEWS MEDIA SEMINAR rampant pollution threatening the quality worked as a law clerk, sold coal for an Eagle AT THE UNITED NATIONS of life, if not life itself, have more recem;ly Pa.ss mine and subdivided and laid out the PREFACE demanded the attention of the world. The current monetary crisis, a continuing con­ towns of Sandia and Orange Grove. The Third News Media Seminar at the He helped organize and manage the troversy over tariffs, and the ever present United Nations was hosted by The Stanley complications of trade, commerce, travel, and Farmers' State Bank of Seguin and served as Foundation December 1-3, 1971. Previous its chief executive officer. He was vice presi­ conununication illustrate other global prob­ Seminars were convened in November, 1967 lems. These problems, and others you may dent of the Seguin State Bank and Trust and December, 1970. cite, make up an awesome and urgent order Company until he moved to Austin in 1938. The News Media Seminar at the United of business for the world. Starcke was mayor o! Seguin !or six con­ Nations is designed for representatives of all 2. Global problems defy national solution. secutive terms. During his administration branches of the news media. Participants are E~perience demonstrates this; the sta.te of he helped create a hydroelectric plant and familiarized with news reporting procedures the world speaks for itself. Nation states dam to bring the benefits of a low-cost, and practices at this world body and are have striven diligently since World War II municipal-owned power system. to that city briefed on United Nations problems and to cope with our global problems. They have and saw construction of Seguln's first water prospects by United Nations officials and of­ acted unilaterally, bilaterally, and multi­ filtration plant. ficials of national Missions to the United laterally through all sorts of treaties, al­ The first completely air-conditioned city Nations. Uances, and conventions to resolve problems. hall in the United States was bU1lt in Seguin The following addresses have been edited But few have been solved and few a.re on during his tenure as mayor. He was instru­ by Dr. John R. Redick, Research Associate of their way to reasonable resolution. mental in the genera.I beautification and de­ The Stanley Foundation, in cooperation with 3. Global mechanisms are needed to handle velopment of the entire city and in 1937 the the respective speakers. Due to the high in- global problems. It is fundamental, I believe, 24862 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE July 24, 1972 that the mechanism used to cope with any 6. The United Nations is the only global or­ toria.l Page, The Flint Journal, Flint, Mich­ problem must be established on a level equal ganization we have today. It ls better than igan. to the bread.th of the problem. We see proof nothing, but it needs substantial strength­ Mr. Robert Esta.brook, The Lakeville Jour~ of this every day in industry and government. ening. If the nations of the world will make nal, Lakeville, Connecticut. No business would seek to solve country-wide greater use of it and broaden its resources, Mr. Krishna K. Gaur, Editorial Writer. problems in its branch offices. Nor does the the United Nations will gain some strength. News-Journal, Lakevllle, Connecticut. United States solve its national problems But revisions and changes in organization Mrs. Joy Gervllle-Reache, Christian Science at the state level. The need for global and procedure are required for it to become Monitor, Washington, D.C. mechanisms is supported both by logic and fully effective as a. mechanism to handle Mr. Willis Harrison, Assistant Editor, Eve­ by the fact that nation states have not global problems. ning and Sunday Bulletin, Philadelphia. found la.sting resolutions to global problems. If, during your visit here, you assess the Pennsylvania. 4. Effective global mechanisms have a be­ situation similarly, what should we do about Mr. E. J. Hodel, Editor, Beckley Post-Herald. ginning in the United Nations. It brings to­ it? Stung by the Taiwan defeat, critics of the Beckley, West Virginia. gether 132 member nations and operates United Nations are offering many wild pro­ Mr. John B. Johnson, Editor and Publisher, a host of specialized agencies under its um­ posals: cut our contribution, withdraw, get Watertown Daily Times, Watertown, New brella. The United Nations has had a num­ the U.N. out of the U.S. and the U.S. out of York. ber of successes, mostly nonpolitical in na­ the U.N. Mr. John J. Kerrigan, Associate Editor, ture. Conversely, it has recorded a num­ Such reactions a.re quite irresponsible. It is Trenton Times Newspapers, Trenton, New ber of failures, mostly political in nature. my recommendation that we take stock and Jersey. Despite its inadequacies, the United Nations recognize the need for global problem-solving Mr. Charles King, Associate Editor, The exists and it ls a significant foundation on mechanisms that work. We must stop badg­ Ottawa Citizen, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. which to build better world organization. ering the United Nations and start strength­ Mr. Mellton Luna, St. Louis, Missouri. 5. The United Nations is what the nation ening it and using it. To cop out or shrink Mr. William Lyttle, Editorial Writer, The states made it. If it inadequate, it ls because back into isolation is no longer an alternative. Spectator, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. the nations decreed it so. If it lacks power to It is time for reform, not revenge. It is time Mr. Chuck Moore, Third World News, New act, it is because the nation states have not to promote and achieve a United Nations York, New York. endowed Lt with power. If its resources are more adequate to serve man as he faces the Mr. Harold R. Piety, The Journal Herald, too limited, it is because the nation states confusion of complex global problems. Dayton, Ohio. have not financed it adequately. To illus­ The times call on us to think big, stand Mr. Frank B. Rosenau, Editorial Writer, trate: the annual cost to the United States tall, and live up to our heritage. Until we do, The New Haven Register, New Haven, Con­ for the United Nations and all of its agencies there ls little hope for a sane, sound world necticut. is less than that of New York City's Fire De­ order that enhances secure peace with free­ Mr. Charles Saterlee, Editorial Writer, The partment. New York City alone reaps from dom, justice, and progress. To refer to a song Tulsa Tribune, Tulsa, Oklahoma. the United Nations, its missions, and the from "The Man From La.Mancha" seems fit­ Mr. Joseph Shoqulst, Managing Editor, The ting. Milwaukee Journal, Milwaukee, Wisconsin. tourists it attracts more revenue than the Mrs. Adele Vincent, Associate Editor, The United States contributes to the United Na­ To dream the impossible dream Courier-Journal and Loulsvllle Times, Louis­ tions.• If the voting system in the United Na­ This ls our quest ville, Kentucky. tions ls unfair, it was so arranged by the na­ To strive with our last ounce of courage Mr. Edward A. Walsh, Journalism Professor tion states. If the United Nations ls bypassed To reach the unreasonable stars Emeritus, Department of Communications, and ignored at times, it ls because the na­ Fordham University, Bronx, New York. tion states avoid it. The United Nations was An impossible dream? Yes-unless we Mr. Robert J. White, Minneapolis Tribune, given precious little sovereignty. Hence, the strive mightily with our last ounce of cour­ Minneapolis, Minnesota. United Nations can act only when the nation age to reach the unreachable stars. Mr. William J. Woestendiek, Editor and states, particularly the great powers, want it PARTICIPANTS Publisher, Colorado Springs Sun, Colorado to act and will concur with its action. Mr. Lloyd R. Armour, Associate Editor, The Springs, Colorado. Nashville Tennessean, Nashville, Tennessee. Mr. Jack M. Smith, Executive Director, • Kathleen Teltsch, "In Hard Times U.N. Mr. James P. Brown, Editorial Boa.rd, The The Stanley Foundation. ls Boon to the City," New York Times, Mon­ New York Times, New York, New York. Dr. John R. Redick, Research Associate, day, November 22, 1971, p. 1. Mr. Richard B. Childs, Editor of the Edi- The Stanley Foundation.

HOUSE OF' REPRESENTATIVES-Monday, July 24, 1972 The House met at 12 o'clock noon. In the spirit of Him who set men free, Senate agrees to the report of the com­ The Chaplain, Rev. Edward G. Latch, we pray. Amen. mittee of conference on the disagreeing D.D., offered the following prayer: votes of the two Houses on the amend­ The Lord God is a sun and shield; the ment of the Senate to the bill