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Ancient Ethnography Ancient Ethnography New Approaches Edited by Eran Almagor and Joseph Skinner To Our Parents: Nili and Uri, Bernadette and Edward B L OOMSBURY LONDON • NEW DELHI • NEW YORK • SYDNEY Bloomsbury Academic An imprint of Bloomsbury Publishing Plc 50 Bedford Square 1385 Broadway London New York \NCI B 3DP NY 10018 UK USA Contents www.bloomsbury.com Bloomsbury is a registered trade mark of Bloomsbury Publishing Plc List of Contributors vii Preface ix First published 2013 Abbreviations Eran Almagor, Joseph Skinner and contributors, 2013 Introduction 1 Eran Almagor and Joseph Skinner Eran Almagor and Joseph Skinner have asserted their right under the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act, 1988, to be identified as Editors of this work. Part 1 Beginnings 23 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, 1 The Invention of the 'Barbarian' in Late Sixth-Century BC Ionia 25 or any information storage or retrieval system, without prior permission in writing from Hyun Jin Kim the publishers. 2 The Stories of the Others: Storytelling and Intercultural No responsibility for loss caused to any individual or organization acting on or refraining Communication in the Herodotean Mediterranean 49 from action as a result of the material in this publication can be accepted by Bloomsbury or the authors. Kostas Vlassopoulos British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data Part 2 Responses 77 A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. 3 Looking at the Other: Visual Mediation and Greek Identity in ISBN: HB: 978-1-84966-890-3 Xenophon's Anabasis 79 epub: 978-1-4725-3759-1 ePDF: 978-1-4725-3760-7 Rosie Harman Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data 4 Apologetic Ethnography: Megasthenes' Indica and the Seleucid Elephant 97 Ancient ethnography : new approaches / [edited by] Eran Almagor, Joseph Skinner. Paul Kosmin pages cm Summary: "By providing a platform for scholars working in a variety of fields, this volume 5 Monstrous Aetolians and Aetolian Monsters — A Politics of Ethnography? 117 presents cutting-edge research dealing with various aspects of ancient ethnographic Jacek Rzepka thought: its formation and devlopment, its intellectual and cultural milieux, the later reception of ethnographic traditons, and the extent to which these represent major Part 3 Transformations 131 constitutive elements of shifting notions of culture, power and identity"— Provided by publisher. 6 Ethnography and the Gods in Tacitus' Germania 133 ISBN 978-1-84966-890-3 (hardback)— ISBN 978-1-4725-3759-1 (epub)— ISBN 978-1-4725- 3760-7 (epdf) 1. Ethnology--History—Sources. 2. Ethnology in literature. 3. Civilization, Greg Woolf Ancient. 4. Civilization, Classical. I. Almagor, Eran. II. Skinner, Joseph. 7 GN308.A54 2013 'But This Belongs to Another Discussion': Exploring the Ethnographic 305.8009—dc23 Digression in Plutarch's Lives 153 2013025911 Eran Almagor Typeset by Fakenham Prepress Solutions, Fakenham, Norfolk NR21 8NN Printed and bound in Great Britain vi Contents 8 Ethnography and Authorial Voice in Athenaeus' Deipnosophistae 179 Katerina Oikonomopoulou Part 4 Receptions 201 List of Contributors 9 Imperial Visions, Imagined Pasts: Ethnography and Identity on India's North-Western Frontier 203 Eran Almagor is Lecturer in the History Department at Ben Gurion University of Joseph Skinner the Negev, Israel. His interests include the history of the Achaemenid Empire, Greco- Persian relations in the fifth and fourth centuries Be and the image of the Persians 10 Exploring Virgin Fields: Henry and George Rawlinson on Ancient in Greek literature, especially in Ctesias. He studies Plutarch's works (the Lives in and Modern Orient 223 particular) as well as other Greek imperial authors. Among his forthcoming books is Thomas Harrison the monograph Plutarch and the Persica (Edinburgh University Press). 11 The Scope of Ancient Ethnography 257 Emma Dench is Professor of the Classics and History at Harvard University. She is Emma Dench the author of From Barbarians to New Men: Greek, Roman, and Modern Perceptions of Peoples from the Central Apennines (1995) and Romulus' Asylum: Roman Identities from the Age of Alexander to the Age of Hadrian (2005). She is currently preparing Index 269 Imperialism and Culture in the Roman World for the Cambridge University Press series Key Themes in Ancient History. Other current projects include a study of the retro- spective writing of the Roman Republican past in classical antiquity. Rosie Harman is Lecturer in Greek Historiography at University College London. Her research focuses on cultural representation in Classical Greek historiography. She is currently working on a monograph on Xenophon. Her publications include papers on Xenophon's Cyropaedia, Agesilaus and Lakedaimonion Politeia. Thomas Harrison is Rathbone Professor of Ancient History and Classical Archaeology at the University of Liverpool. He is the author of Divinity and History: The Religion of Herodotus (2000) and The Emptiness of Asia: Aeschylus' Persians and the History of the Fifth Century. He has edited (among other volumes) Greeks and Barbarians (2002) and, with Bruce Gibson, Polybius and his World: Essays in Memory of F. W Walbank (2012). Hyun Jin Kim is Lecturer in Classics at Melbourne University. He is author of Ethnicity and Foreigners in Ancient Greece and China (2009) and The Huns, Rome and the Birth of Europe (Cambridge University Press, 2013). His research interests include comparative literature, Greek and Roman ethnography, and late Roman history. Paul Kosmin is Assistant Professor of the Classics at Harvard University. He works on Hellenistic history, ancient geography, and Greek—Near Eastern interactions. He has published on Hellenistic Iran, Dura-Europus, and various fragmentary Hellenistic authors; his book, Land of the Elephant Kings: Space, Territory, and Ideology in the Seleucid Empire (Harvard University Press) is forthcoming. Katerina Oikonomopoulou is currently Postdoctoral Research Fellow at Humboldt University, Berlin, for the Alexander von Humboldt programme 'Medicine of the Mind, Philosophy of the Body. Discourses of Health and Well-Being in the Ancient viii List of Contributors World' (directed by Prof. Ph. Van der Eijk). Her research focuses on miscellanistic and encyclopaedic writing under the high Roman Empire. Her publications include: The Philosopher's Banquet: Plutarch's Table Talk in the Intellectual Culture of the Roman Empire (co-edited with Frieda Klotz, Oxford University Press, 2011). Preface Jacek Rzepka reads Ancient History at Warsaw University's Institute of History. His main research interests are the history and historical traditions of mainland Greece concerning Athens and Sparta, as well as Macedonia under the kings. He is The origins of this volume can be traced back to the final leg of a lengthy journey a contributor to Brill's New Jacoby and has authored a number of articles and books, from one conference to another, from Lampeter to Liverpool in June 2009. The idea including The Rights of Cities within the Aitolian Confederacy (2006) and two Polish to assemble a group of researchers employing new approaches to the study of ancient language monographs on the Macedonian constitution (2006) and the Battle of ethnography was subsequently realized in a panel at the 2010 Classical Association Chaeronea in 338 BC (2011). Conference in Cardiff. Its success and the interest it generated prompted us to expand Joseph Skinner is Lecturer in Ancient Greek History at Newcastle University. His the project by soliciting papers from scholars whose work we admired with a view to research is primarily concerned with the history and origins of ethnographic thought. shedding new light upon a field of enquiry that was in danger of appearing moribund. As well as examining a wide variety of textual, iconographic and archaeological The results are presented here. Many people made this wonderful and rewarding materials for evidence of an early interest in the foreign or exotic, this involves experience possible, and we would like to thank them all. Our warmest thanks are due studying the reception of ethnographic genre, from antiquity to the present. His to Deborah Blake, our original contact at Duckworth, who accompanied the volume publications include The Invention of Greek Ethnography: From Homer to Herodotus from its inception to (almost) its final form only to be succeeded by the ever-helpful (Oxford University Press, 2012). and incredibly patient Charlotte Loveridge at Bloomsbury Academic. Special thanks Kostas Vlassopoulos is Associate Professor in Greek History at the Department of are also due to Thomas Harrison, our original panel chair, for invaluable help and Classics, University of Nottingham. His publications include Unthinking the Greek advice throughout the duration of this project. We are grateful to the original partici- Polis: Ancient Greek History beyond Eurocentrism (2007) and Politics: Antiquity and pants of the panel, Lloyd Llewellyn-Jones and Katerina Oikonomopoulou, and to Anna its Legacy (2009). His research interests currently focus on globalization and the Foka, for timely and vital assistance. We would also like to offer our warmest thanks to connected history of the ancient Mediterranean world, with regard to which he is all those who agreed to submit chapters to the volume. Spread across four continents, writing a forthcoming book on Greeks and Barbarians (Cambridge
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